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Sharaf M, Zahra AA, Alharbi M, Mekky AE, Shehata AM, Alkhudhayri A, Ali AM, Al Suhaimi EA, Zakai SA, Al Harthi N, Liu CG. Bee chitosan nanoparticles loaded with apitoxin as a novel approach to eradication of common human bacterial, fungal pathogens and treating cancer. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345478. [PMID: 38559346 PMCID: PMC10978808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest medical challenges because of the rising frequency of opportunistic human microbial infections across the globe. This study aimed to extract chitosan from the exoskeletons of dead bees and load it with bee venom (commercially available as Apitoxin [Api]). Then, the ionotropic gelation method would be used to form nanoparticles that could be a novel drug-delivery system that might eradicate eight common human pathogens (i.e., two fungal and six bacteria strains). It might also be used to treat the human colon cancer cell line (Caco2 ATCC ATP-37) and human liver cancer cell line (HepG2ATCC HB-8065) cancer cell lines. The x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) properties, ζ-potentials, and surface appearances of the nanoparticles were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR and XRD validated that the Api was successfully encapsulated in the chitosan nanoparticles (ChB NPs). According to the TEM, the ChB NPs and the ChB NPs loaded with Apitoxin (Api@ChB NPs) had a spherical shape and uniform size distribution, with non-aggregation, for an average size of approximately 182 and 274 ± 3.8 nm, respectively, and their Zeta potential values were 37.8 ± 1.2 mV and - 10.9 mV, respectively. The Api@ChB NPs had the greatest inhibitory effect against all tested strains compared with the ChB NPs and Api alone. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the Api, ChB NPs, and Api@ChB NPs were evaluated against the offer mentioned colony forming units (CFU/mL), and their lowest MIC values were 30, 25, and 12.5 μg mL-1, respectively, against Enterococcus faecalis. Identifiable morphological features of apoptosis were observed by 3 T3 Phototox software after Api@ChB NPs had been used to treat the normal Vero ATCC CCL-81, Caco2 ATCC ATP-37, and HepG2 ATCC HB-8065 cancer cell lines for 24 h. The morphological changes were clear in a concentration-dependent manner, and the ability of the cells was 250 to 500 μg mL-1. These results revealed that Api@ChB NPs may be a promising natural nanotreatment for common human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharaf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A. Zahra
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alsayed E. Mekky
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazeq M. Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulsalam Alkhudhayri
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Ali
- Department of Biology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam A. Al Suhaimi
- Vice Presidency for Scientific Research and Innovation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz and his Companions Foundation for Giftedness and Creativity “Mawhiba”, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadi A. Zakai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Al Harthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Alotaibi M, Almutairi AB, Alhirsan S, Alkazemi A, Alharbi M, Alrashdi N, Taqi A, Alamiri B, Vogtle L, Alqahtani MM. Psychostimulant Medications for Physical Function and Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e53728. [PMID: 38441919 PMCID: PMC10951828 DOI: 10.2196/53728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent nonprogressive disorder that leads to impaired movement (ie, spasticity), posture, and balance, which affects functions such as walking and upper extremity tasks. Current medical treatments show efficacy in improving motor performance but have considerable side effects. Emerging off-label use of central nervous system (CNS) medications for improving motor performance has shown promising results in children with CP and other populations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) and modafinil on spasticity and motor performance in children with CP. METHODS This will be a protocol study for a pilot, triple-masked, placebo-controlled RCT (a class I trial following the American Academy of Neurology criteria) with blinded patients, outcome assessors, and intervention delivery team. Eligible children should be diagnosed with CP levels I or II based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System and be aged between 7 and 12 years. Thirty-six children with CP will be randomized into 3 groups to receive (1) MPH (2.5 mg of MPH + 100 mg placebo), (2) modafinil (100 mg modafinil + 2.5 mg placebo), or (3) a placebo (2.5 mg placebo + 100 mg placebo), in addition to physical therapy for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes include the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 and the Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes include the Timed Up and Go test, 5 Time Sit to Stand test, Modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction of Balance, and 10-Meter Walk Test. RESULTS The protocol has been accepted by Kuwait University (VDR/EC-225) and the Ministry of Health of Kuwait (2022/2157). The inclusion of participants will start in June 2024. CONCLUSIONS The combination of CNS stimulant medications and controlling for rehabilitation has not been studied yet. The findings of this study may determine if using CNS stimulant medications is beneficial for the reduction of spasticity and improvement of physical function in children with spastic CP. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05675098; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05675098. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/53728.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Alotaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar B Almutairi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Saleh Alhirsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah Alkazemi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Naif Alrashdi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- The Health and Scientific Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Taqi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bibi Alamiri
- Kuwait Center for Mental Health, Public Authority for Disability Affairs, Almanara, Kuwait
| | - Laura Vogtle
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mohammed M Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alhashimi A, Abdelkareem A, Amin MA, Nowwar AI, Fouda A, Ismail MA, Mustafa AE, Alharbi M, Elkelish A, Sayed AM, Said HA. Eco-friendly approach to decrease the harmful effects of untreated wastewater on growth, yield, biochemical constituents, and heavy metal contents of carrot (Daucus carota L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:14043-14058. [PMID: 38273079 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Here, the impact of irrigation using untreated wastewater (WW) on carrots (Daucus carota L.) was examined. We hypothesized that the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dry algal powder (Spirulina platensis or Chlorella vulgaris), and Salix alba leaves powder would function as chelators for harmful contaminants in wastewater. The findings showed that irrigation of carrot plants with the sampled untreated wastewater led to significant decreases in the shoot lengths, fresh, dry weights of shoots and roots at stage I, the diameter of roots, pigment content, carotenoids, total soluble carbohydrate content, and soluble protein content. Furthermore, a significantly increased level of proline, total phenols, and the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) was identified in stage I samples. In contrast to the stage I, the length of the roots, the number of leaves on each plant, wet and dry weights of the stage II roots were all greatly enhanced. In spite of the increased yield due to the wastewater irrigation, carrot roots irrigated with wastewater had significantly more cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and lead (Pb) than is considered safe. Our data clearly show that the application of Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, EDTA, and leaves powder of salix was able to alleviate the toxicity of wastewater on carrot plants. For example, we recorded a significant decrease in the accumulation of carrot's Cd, Ni, Co, and Pb contents. We conclude that the treatments with Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris can be utilized as eco-friendly tools to lessen the damaging effects of wastewater irrigation on carrot plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alhashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Abdelkareem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Amin
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdelatti I Nowwar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Abeer E Mustafa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrahman M Sayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Said
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
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Gallo G, Picciariello A, Armellin C, Lori E, Tomasicchio G, Di Tanna GL, Santoro GA, Alharbi M, Sorrenti S, Grossi U. Sclerotherapy for hemorrhoidal disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:28. [PMID: 38261136 PMCID: PMC10806988 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sclerotherapy methods for hemorrhoidal disease (HD) over the past 40 years. METHODS The review followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, including studies reporting the use of sclerotherapy in patients with HD. Study eligibility criteria were defined, and data were extracted independently by the authors. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to assess outcomes of interest. RESULTS Out of 1965 records identified, 44 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 9729 patients. The majority of studies were conducted in Japan, followed by the UK, Italy, and Portugal. The median age of participants was 52 years, and the majority were male. The Goligher grade distribution indicated varying degrees of HD severity. Sclerotherapy was predominantly administered through anoscopy, with polidocanol being the most commonly used agent. The procedure was generally performed without pre-injection analgesia. The meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed that sclerotherapy was not inferior to control interventions in terms of success rate (risk ratio [RR] 1.00, 95% CI 0.71-1.41) and recurrence rate (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.69-1.77), while resulting in fewer complications (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.92). CONCLUSIONS This systematic review highlights the safety and efficacy of sclerotherapy for HD, which yields similar success rates and fewer complications compared to other conservative or surgical approaches. Further research is warranted to optimize sclerotherapy techniques and evaluate long-term outcomes. REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023396910.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gallo
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Picciariello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - C Armellin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology - DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - E Lori
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Tomasicchio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - G L Di Tanna
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, SUPSI - University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Viganello-Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G A Santoro
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology - DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Alharbi
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Sorrenti
- Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - U Grossi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology - DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Ahmad E, Jahangir M, Bukhari NI, Khan J, Sarwar A, Aziz T, Nabi G, Alharbi M, Thamer HA, Alasmari AF. Influence of quercetin on amiodarone pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11211-11221. [PMID: 38095371 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amiodarone (AMD), a drug of choice to treat cardiac arrhythmias, has a narrow therapeutic index (NTI). It inhibits CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6 enzymes. Quercetin (QUE), a pharmacologically important bioflavonoid in vegetables and fruits, is important in treating cardiovascular comorbidities. QUE alters the bioavailability of drugs used concurrently by dual inhibition of P-glycoproteins (P-gp) and cytochrome (CYP) enzyme systems. The current study aimed to investigate the pre-treatment and co-administration effect of QUE on AMD pharmacokinetics in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two separate animal trials (I and II) were planned to probe the effect of QUE on AMD pharmacokinetics by following previously cited studies. The pre-treatment group received oral doses of QUE for 14 days, and a single dose of AMD on the 15th day. Rats were administered single doses of QUE (20 mg/kg) and AMD (50 mg/kg) concurrently in a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in the co-administration study. Blood was collected at pre-determined time points. AMD was quantified by HPLC, and data was analyzed by PK solver software. RESULTS In the pre-treated group, peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of AMD were increased by 45.52% and 13.70%, respectively, while time to achieve maximum concentration (tmax), half-life (t1/2) and clearance (CL) were declined by 35.72%, 16.75%, and 11.0% respectively compared to the control. In the co-administered group, compared to controls, Cmax and AUC0-∞ were elevated to 12.90% and 7.80%, respectively, while tmax, t1/2, and CL declined by 16.70%, 2.35%, and 13.40%. Further, AMD was increased in lung tissue of both treated groups, relative to the respective controls. CONCLUSIONS A notable pharmacokinetic drug interaction between QUE and AMD was observed in rats and warrants possible drug interaction study in humans, suggesting AMD dose adjustment specifically in patients with arrhythmia having a pre-treatment history and simultaneous administration of QUE-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Riasat A, Jahangeer M, Sarwar A, Saleem Y, Shahzad K, Ur Rahman S, Aziz R, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Albakeiri TH, Alasmari AF. Scrutinizing the therapeutic response of Phyllanthus exmblica's different doses to restore the immunomodulation potential in immunosuppressed female albino rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:9854-9865. [PMID: 37916352 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_34162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunosuppression and microbial resistance are the major drawbacks in conventional pharmaceutics. The present research work was planned to screen and characterize phytochemical constituents present in Phyllanthus emblica and to explore the immunomodulation potential of P. emblica by evaluating stress markers and different biochemical parameters in animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phytochemical analysis explored the presence of antioxidant profiles and revealed the radical scavenging activities. In the second phase, an animal trial was performed using female albino rats. Female rats (n=18) were administered three different doses of P. emblica (low dose 100 mg/kg, intermediate 200 mg/kg, and high dose 300 mg/kg) for three weeks. After a significant change (p<0.05) in antioxidant status i.e., TOS and TAS, hematological, biochemical parameters, and immunoregulation i.e., IgM and IgG were elevated. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) illustrates that these selected plants have a great impact on microbial resistance and immunosuppression and have shown highly significant results. RESULTS The results of all in vitro and in vivo assays conducted as part of the recent research work offer considerable evidence that the chosen medicinal plant has the ability to induce specific hormone release and boost the immune system. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, it is proposed that medicinal herbs may be isolated using cutting-edge approaches to tackle the issues of immunosuppression and microbial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Riasat
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Hamid M, Salar U, Rashid Y, Azim MK, Khan KM, Naz S, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. Determining the 3-substituted Coumarins inhibitory potential against the HslV protease of E. coli. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:9169-9182. [PMID: 37843331 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_33945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The growing bacterial resistance towards classical antibiotics demands the development of novel approaches for the effective treatment of potentially fatal bacterial infections in humans. Proteostasis is crucial for the survival of every living cell, as several important physiological functions depend on well-regulated proteostasis. Within bacteria, the regulation of proteostasis relies on AAA+ (Adenosine 5'-triphosphatases associated with diverse cellular activities), ATPases, such as the HslVU complex (heat shock locus gene products U and V), along with other proteases. The HslVU protease/chaperon complex is thought to be the progenitor of the eukaryotic proteasome that regulates proteostasis mostly in prokaryotes. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory potential of 3-substituted coumarin derivatives against Escherichia coli heat shock locus V (HslV) protease. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, twenty-three derivatives of 3-substituted coumarin were assessed for their inhibitory potential against E. coli HslV protease using both in-vitro and in-silico techniques. RESULTS Among all the tested compounds, US-I-64, US-I-66, US-I-67, and US-I-68 displayed notable inhibitory potential against the HslV protease, showing IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values ranging from 0.2 to 0.73 μM. Additionally, the inhibitory potential of these compounds against the eukaryotic proteasome was also evaluated using a separate in-silico study. It was found that these compounds did not bind with the proteasomal active site, suggesting no apparent side effects of these lead molecules. CONCLUSIONS These identified HslV protease inhibitors can be used for the development of novel and safer anti-bacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Almajdi A, Almutairi S, Alharbi M. Safety and efficacy of apixaban versus low-molecular weight heparin or vitamin-K antagonists for venous thromboembolism treatment in patients with severe renal failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Res 2023; 229:77-85. [PMID: 37419006 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Traditionally, Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) followed by warfarin has been the conventional therapy for VTE treatment. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), including apixaban, have shown several advantages over the traditional therapy in individuals with normal kidney function. This meta-analysis aims to review the safety and efficacy of apixaban compared to warfarin or LMWH for the treatment of VTE in severe renal failure. METHOD We conducted literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Retrospective observational studies involving clinical effectiveness and safety outcomes of apixaban compared to warfarin in adult patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/m2 or on dialysis were included. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the analysis. Significant reduction in VTE recurrence observed in apixaban compared to warfarin (RR, 0.65; 95 % CI, 0.43-0.98; P = 0.04; I2 = 78 %). No significant difference in all-cause mortality between apixaban and warfarin (RR, 0.99; 95 % CI, 0.91-1.07; P = 0.74; I2 = 0 %). Apixaban showed a significantly lower rate of major bleeding (RR, 0.72; 95 % CI, 0.62-0.84; P < 0.0001; I2 = 34 %) and minor bleeding events (RR, 0.42; 95 % CI, 0.21-0.86; P = 0.02; I2 = 10 %) compared to warfarin. No significant difference observed in clinically relevant non-major bleeding between apixaban and warfarin (RR, 0.81; 95 % CI, 0.65-1.00; P = 0.05; I2 = 67 %). CONCLUSION Apixaban was favored over warfarin for treating VTE in severe renal failure, reducing VTE recurrence and bleeding risk. No differences were observed in all-cause mortality and CRNMB events. More evidence is required due to limited RCTs and prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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Naveed M, Ali I, Aziz T, Ain N, Shabbir MA, Javed K, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF, Alharbi SA, Alharbi MS. Halogens engineering-based design of agonists for boosting expression of frataxin protein in Friedreich's ataxia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6972-6984. [PMID: 37606107 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decreased expression of the mitochondrial protein frataxin is the cause of the neurodegenerative disorder Friedreich's ataxia. In patients with cardiac disorders, the death rate of this disease is very high, up to 66%. In order to combat Friedreich ataxia, which is a potentially toxic disorder, de novo drug discovery and design have been created utilizing the approach of compound engineering with halogens. This study aimed to investigate the potential for effective treatment of Friedreich ataxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The screening of twenty different agonist compounds was carried out in order to find the most promising agonist compound that may be used for molecular docking prediction against the Frataxin Protein. The compound with the lowest binding energies is then optimized by halogens. The final candidate's drug-like properties are identified through Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiling. Lipinski's rule of five was checked. Molecular dynamic stimulations were evaluated. RESULTS The most potent agonist compound was identified out of twenty different compounds utilizing a docking approach against the Frataxin Protein. The compound with the lowest binding energies was next subjected to optimization by halogens. The optimized agonist 9-[1-[(1S, 5R)-8, 8-dimethyl-8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl]triazol-4-yl]fluoren-9-ol has higher binding energy of -10.4Kcal/mol with molecular weight of 705.63 g/mol. Drug-like properties are identified through ADMET profiling, having water solubility of about -7.59, skin permeation -7.08 cm/s, bioavailability score 0.17, and high GI absorption. The candidate fulfills the Lipinski rule of five and portrays efficient molecular dynamic stimulations. CONCLUSIONS The selected agonist is one of the most potent compounds in increasing Frataxin protein expression. Furthermore, optimization with halogens can be a productive approach to improve the candidate's drug efficacy. The development of effective medications for the treatment of Friedreich ataxia would be aided by the results of these computational investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Naveed M, Ul Ain N, Aziz T, Shabbir MA, Saleem A, Zafar A, Ghulam N, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. Side chain inset of neurogenerative amino acids to metalloproteins: a therapeutic signature for huntingtin protein in Huntington's disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6831-6842. [PMID: 37522694 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Huntington's disease is a dominant autosomal inherited neurodegenerative disease that results in progressive impairment, characterized by dementia, chorea, and behavioral and cognitive decline. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential activity of metalloproteins against the huntingtin protein using various insertion-based engineering computational methods. Metalloproteins, metal protein complexes involved in important biochemical and physiological processes, were explored as potential drug candidates for Huntington's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 metalloproteins were selected as drug candidates and studied to assess their potential inhibitory effects on the huntingtin protein. The screening process was based on the lowest binding energy. The metalloprotein with the lowest docking score was chosen for side chain insertion of neurogenerative amino acids. The engineered metalloprotein was then evaluated based on physiochemical properties, allergenicity, toxicity, and surface accessibility. Cloning and expression analysis was performed to further investigate its potential as a therapeutic agent. RESULTS The metalloprotein chosen for side chain insertion, cytochrome C oxidase, showed promising results. It was computed as a probable non-allergen and exhibited no toxic domains, indicating its non-toxic nature. Additionally, it demonstrated a strong binding affinity with the huntingtin protein, with a binding energy of -1,253.3 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Metal-based proteins, when engineered with additional neurogenerative amino acids, hold potential as drug candidates for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease. The successful development of these engineered metalloproteins could offer therapeutic advantages. Further testing, both in vitro and in vivo, is necessary to evaluate their efficacy and validate their potential activity as novel drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Naveed M, Hassan J, Aziz T, Ali U, Rana IK, Ali Khan A, Fakhrul H, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. A one-health approach to design an mRNA-based vaccine candidate against the lumpy skin disease virus as an alternative to live-attenuated vaccines. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6401-6413. [PMID: 37458660 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, lumpy skin disease (LSD) has been spread over the Asian, European, and Middle Eastern regions making it a significant hazard to the chain of cattle production, milk production, and human milk consumption, requiring prompt attention. Lumpy skin disease virus has high morbidity and low fatality rates, but its infections have led to terrible economic and agricultural consequences. Although live-attenuated vaccines have been commercialized, farmers in different regions have not taken them well because of the allergic responses against the vaccines. The study aims to develop an mRNA-based vaccine candidate for LSDV, using immunoinformatic approaches to minimize allergenicity and homology while maximizing immunogenic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used extensive immunoinformatic approaches to shortlist five proteins from the LSDV genome that belong to the transmembrane region and are crucial in early viral interaction with host cells. The B-cell and T-cell-specific epitopes were chosen based on non-allergenicity, antigenicity, non-homology, surface accessibility, and lower IC50 inhibition values. The construct's stability, hydrophilicity, and antigenic potential were analyzed using the instability index, Grand Average of Hydropathicity (GRAVY) index, and antigenicity, respectively. RESULTS We selected a total of 34 epitopes, consisting of 12 B-cell-specific epitopes and 22 T-cell-specific epitopes. These epitopes were chosen based on their characteristics such as non-allergenicity, antigenicity, non-homology, surface accessibility, and lower IC50 inhibition values. Specifically, 11 epitopes were selected for Major Histocompatibility Complex-I, and another 11 epitopes were chosen for Major Histocompatibility Complex-II. The inclusion of the RS09 adjuvant enhanced the immunogenic potential of the vaccine. The instability index was found to be 38.60. Additionally, the GRAVY index, indicating hydrophilicity, was calculated as -0.151. Furthermore, the antigenicity value of 0.6073 confirmed its potential to elicit an immune response. Further supporting its immunogenic potential, strong immune stimulation was observed, with IgM+IgG titers reaching 6,000 (arbitrary units) and IFNg titers measuring 400,000 ng/mL. These results provide additional evidence of the vaccine's ability to stimulate a robust immune response. CONCLUSIONS The study results indicate that the developed mRNA-based vaccine candidate for LSDV has high immunogenic potential and could serve as an effective alternative to live-attenuated vaccines. Further experimental validations are required to test its efficacy. The study also highlights the potential of the One-Health approach to tackle non-zoonotic diseases that have significant consequences for the environment and humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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12
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Naveed M, Ain N, Aziz T, Ali I, Aqib Shabbir M, Javed K, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. Revolutionizing treatment for toxic shock syndrome with engineered super chromones to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:5301-5309. [PMID: 37318504 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Staphylococcus aureus-induced toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare, but potentially fatal disease with limited treatment options. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has led to a pressing need for the development of effective therapies. This study aimed to identify and optimize potential drug candidates against toxic shock syndrome by targeting the pathogenic toxin protein using chromones as lead compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 20 chromones were screened for their ability to bind to the target protein. The top compounds were further optimized through the addition of cycloheptane and amide groups, and the resulting compounds were evaluated for their drug-like properties using chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiling. RESULTS Among the compounds screened, 7-Glucosyloxy-5-hydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl] chromone exhibited the highest binding affinity with a molecular weight of 341.40 g/mol and a binding energy of -10.0 kcal/mol. The optimized compound exhibited favorable drug-like properties, including high water solubility, synthetic accessibility, skin permeation, bioavailability, and gastrointestinal absorption. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that chromones can be engineered to develop effective drugs against TSS caused by S. aureus. The optimized compound has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of TSS, providing new hope for patients suffering from this life-threatening disease of toxic shock syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Naveed M, Ain N, Aziz T, Javed K, Ishfaq H, Khalil S, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. A pharmacophore screening approach of homeopathic phenols for a renovated design of fragment-optimized Bauhiniastatin-1 as a drug against acromegaly. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:5530-5541. [PMID: 37401289 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acromegaly is a fatal and chronic disease that is caused by the abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary adenoma or pituitary tumor, resulting in an increased circulated concentration of insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGF-1), where in most of the cases it is secreted by a pituitary tumor. Higher levels of GH cause an increase in IGF-1 in the liver leading to multiple conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, glucose imbalance, cancer, and sleep apnea. Medical treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy can be used as the first choice of patients; however, specified human growth hormone control should be an essential treatment strategy due to an incidence rate of 0.2-1.1 yearly. Therefore, the main focus of this study is to develop a novel drug for treating acromegaly by exploiting medicinal plants that have been screened using phenol as a pharmacophore model to identify target therapeutic medicinal plant phenols. MATERIALS AND METHODS The screening identified thirty-four pharmacophore matches of medicinal plant phenols. These were selected as suitable ligands and were docked against the growth hormone receptor to calculate their binding affinity. The candidate with the highest screened score was fragment-optimized and subjected to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis, in-depth toxicity predictions, interpretation of Lipinski's rule, and molecular dynamic simulations to check the behavior of the growth hormone with the fragment-optimized candidate. RESULTS The highest docking energy was calculated as -6.5 K/mol for Bauhiniastatin-1. Enhancing the performance of Bauhiniastatin-1 against the growth hormone receptor with fragment optimization portrayed that human growth hormone inhibition can be executed in a more efficient and better way. Fragment-optimized Bauhiniastatin-1 (FOB) was predicted with high gastrointestinal absorption, a water solubility of -2.61 as soluble, and synthetic accessibility of 4.50, achieving Lipinski's rule of 5, with low organ toxicity prediction and interpreting a positive behavior against the targeted protein. The discovery of a de novo drug candidate was confirmed by the docking of fragment-optimized Bauhiniastatin-1 (FOB), which had an energy of -4,070 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Although successful and completely harmless, present healthcare treatment does not always eradicate the disease in some individuals. Therefore, novel formulas or combinations of currently marketed medications and emergent phytochemicals will provide new possibilities for these instances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan.
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14
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Abdel-Nasser M, Abdel-Maksoud G, Eid AM, Hassan SED, Abdel-Nasser A, Alharbi M, Elkelish A, Fouda A. Antifungal Activity of Cell-Free Filtrate of Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC-7469 against Fungal Strains Isolated from a Historical Manuscript. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1104. [PMID: 37317078 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, twelve fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript dated back to the 18th century. The obtained fungal strains were identified, using the traditional method and ITS sequence analysis, as Cladosporium herbarum (two strains), Aspergillus fumigatus (five strains), A. ustus (one strain), A. flavus (two strains), A. niger (one strain), and Penicillium chrysogenum (one strain). The ability of these fungal strains to degrade the main components of the paper was investigated by their activity to secrete extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and pectinase. The cell-free filtrate (CFF) ability of the probiotic bacterial strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC-7469 to inhibit fungal growth was investigated. The metabolic profile of CFF was detected by GC-MS analysis, which confirmed the low and high molecular weight of various active chemical compounds. The safe dose to be used for the biocontrol of fungal growth was selected by investigating the biocompatibility of CFF and two normal cell lines, Wi38 (normal lung tissue) and HFB4 (normal human skin melanocyte). Data showed that the CFF has a cytotoxic effect against the two normal cell lines at high concentrations, with IC50 values of 525.2 ± 9.8 and 329.1 ± 4.2 µg mL-1 for Wi38 and HFB4, respectively. The antifungal activity showed that the CFF has promising activity against all fungal strains in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest antifungal activity (100%) was recorded for a concentration of 300 µg mL-1 with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) in the ranges of 21.3 ± 0.6 to 17.7 ± 0.5 mm. At a concentration of 100 µg mL-1, the activity of CFF remained effective against all fungal strains (100%), but its effectiveness decreased to only inhibit the growth of eight strains (66%) out of the total at 50 µg mL-1. In general, probiotic bacterial strains containing CFF are safe and can be considered as a potential option for inhibiting the growth of various fungal strains. It is recommended that they be used in the preservation of degraded historical papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdel-Nasser
- Department of Manuscripts Conservation, Al-Azhar Al-Sharif Library, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Gomaa Abdel-Maksoud
- Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Eid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Saad El-Din Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Aya Abdel-Nasser
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Fouda A, Saied E, Eid AM, Kouadri F, Alemam AM, Hamza MF, Alharbi M, Elkelish A, Hassan SED. Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using an Aqueous Extract of Punica granatum for Antimicrobial and Catalytic Activity. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040205. [PMID: 37103295 PMCID: PMC10144860 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The peel aqueous extract of Punica granatum was utilized to fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) as a green approach. The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy, which was attached to an energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Spherical, well arranged, and crystallographic structures of ZnO-NPs were formed with sizes of 10-45 nm. The biological activities of ZnO-NPs, including antimicrobial and catalytic activity for methylene blue dye, were assessed. Data analysis showed that the antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as unicellular fungi, was observed to occur in a dose-dependent manner, displaying varied inhibition zones and low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the ranges of 6.25-12.5 µg mL-1. The degradation efficacy of methylene blue (MB) using ZnO-NPs is dependent on nano-catalyst concentration, contact time, and incubation condition (UV-light emission). The maximum MB degradation percentages of 93.4 ± 0.2% was attained at 20 µg mL-1 after 210 min in presence of UV-light. Data analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the degradation percentages after 210, 1440, and 1800 min. Moreover, the nano-catalyst showed high stability and efficacy to degrade MB for five cycles with decreasing values of 4%. Overall, P. granatum-based ZnO-NPs are promising tools to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes and degradation of MB in the presence of UV-light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Eid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Fayza Kouadri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Ahmed M Alemam
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F Hamza
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Saad El-Din Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Alharbi M, Alatni R, Almuhaisni R, Albattah G, Alsaif M, Alhumidan R, Bennasser T. Misconceptions about multiple sclerosis and pregnancy in the Qassim region in 2021-2022: a cross-sectional study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:3363-3371. [PMID: 37140286 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202304_32107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease with higher female prevalence, and the majority of patients are of childbearing age. Thus, pregnancy concerns are important for patients with MS and their families. Improving the understanding of the effects of pregnancy on the progress of MS could improve the knowledge about pregnancy-related issues in MS patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the general knowledge of Saudi adults living in the Qassim region regarding pregnancy-related relapses in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and to identify misconceptions regarding pregnancy, breastfeeding, and the use of oral hormonal contraceptives among female MS patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A representative random cluster sample of 337 participants was used in this cross-sectional study. All participants were living in one of the following cities in the Qassim region: Buraydah, Unaizah, and Alrrass. Data collection was done between February 2022 and March 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS The overall mean knowledge score was 7.42 (SD 4.21), with poor, moderate, and good knowledge representing 77.2%, 187%, and 4.2% of the sample, respectively. Higher knowledge scores were associated with age less than 40 years, being a student, knowing about MS, and knowing someone with MS. Other variables such as gender, educational level, and residence location did not show significant differences regarding the knowledge score. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that knowledge and attitude are suboptimal among the Qassim population regarding the effects of MS on pregnant patients, pregnancy outcomes, breastfeeding, and usage of contraceptive methods, with 77.2% showing poor total knowledge scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alharbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, KSA.
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Alghamdi S, Alqurashi A, Almarbae N, Fadul Y, Alharbi M, Bashammakh R. Experience of Parents with Children Undergoing Chemotherapy. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231207233. [PMID: 37920748 PMCID: PMC10619346 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231207233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The care of a child receiving chemotherapy has a significant impact on the parents and family structure, which has been explored in depth in a few studies in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this study is to further explore the lived experiences of Saudi Arabian parents in caring for their children receiving chemotherapy. Methodology A qualitative descriptive design was used in this study with a sample of 17 parents of children receiving chemotherapy. The participants were recruited using the snow-balling technique throughout the community, as well as from the University Hospital, Pediatric Oncology Department. The data were collected via in-person and virtual methods using semi-structured, open-ended interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results The findings of the study were placed into two main themes: family experience and stages of disease. Family experiences include the parents and siblings' experiences. The stages of disease include three sub-themes: the pre-diagnosis phase, diagnosis phase, and treatment phase. Conclusion The cancer journey had a huge impact on the parents and siblings. The study revealed important findings related to the experiences during the stages of diseases and lived experiences of parents and siblings including psychological, physiological, social, and financial impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmah Alghamdi
- Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alqurashi
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nura Almarbae
- Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara Fadul
- Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alharbi
- Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Bashammakh
- Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alyahya L, Alharbi M, Alazaz NN, AlKadi L, Albalawi F, Aboalela A. A Morphometric Analysis of Palatal Rugae Patterns in a Saudi Arabian Population. Cureus 2022; 14:e33058. [PMID: 36721530 PMCID: PMC9883000 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Palatal rugae patterns are useful in the field of forensic dentistry. Ethnicity has a significant effect on the development and final morphological pattern of palatal rugae. This study focused on a morphological analysis of the palatal rugae in a Saudi population to determine if any differences based on age and gender could support identifying an individual. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study conducted at the College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, was undertaken to evaluate 496 dental casts from the participant database of Saudi nationals from Riyadh. The rugae were delineated using a sharp graphite pencil under adequate light and magnification. The rugae patterns were classified based on the length, shape, and direction of the rugae by two observers as per Thomas and Kotze's criteria. Results The asymptotic chi-square McNemar test indicated bilateral symmetry for all the characteristics of the palatal rugae, except for the backward and forward directions of the rugae. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a statistically significant interaction between the effects of age group and gender on the primary rugae count (F(3, 488) = 7.466, p <0.05)). In addition, age had a statistically significant effect on the fragmentary rugae (p <0.05), and gender had a statistically significant effect on the circular and backward patterns of the rugae (p<0.05). The females had a higher incidence of backward-directed rugae and the males had more circular rugae. No other significant difference was evident, based on gender. The logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between the circular (OR=1.298; 95% CI= 1.061-1.588) and backward (OR= 0.898; 95% CI= 0.828-0.975) palatal rugae and gender. Also, there was a significant association of the fragmentary palatal rugae (PR) (OR=1.274; 95% CI= 1.084-1.498) with the age group younger than 16 years. Conclusion In a Saudi Arabian ethnic group, the varying type of length of the palatal rugae patterns can be used to identify the age group while the direction and shape can be used to determine gender, although with limited accuracy. Post-mortem identification may benefit from using them along with other reliable forensic tools. There is a need to conduct continued research on diverse populations and ethnic groups in order to evaluate the PR potential in forensic dentistry.
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Alhazmi S, Aljahdli B, Farsi R, Alharbi M, Algothmi K, Alburae N, Ganash M, Azhari S, Basingab F, Almuhammadi A, Alqosaibi A, Alkhatabi H, Elaimi A, Jan M, Aldhalaan H, Alyoubi R, Alrafiah A, Alrofaidi A. The correlation between copy number variation in Chromosome 14 and DNA methylation in Saudi autistic children. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:7866-7882. [PMID: 36394735 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that represents a range of aberrant behaviour symptoms such as repetitive behaviours and defects in social communication. The prevalence of ASD has been increasing worldwide and many studies have reported that both genetic and epigenetic factors play an important role in the etiology of this disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of DNA methylation and Copy number variation (CNV) in the diagnosis of ASD. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out on 14 Saudi autistic children and four of their healthy siblings. Comparative genomic hybridization array was used to identify CNV in chromosome 14 and MethyLight qPCR was used to estimate levels of DNA methylation. RESULTS The results identified CNVs in six cytobands in chromosome 14 for 13 out of 14 autistic samples: 14q11.1-q11.2, 14q11.2, 14q12, 14q21.1, 14q32.2, and 14q32.33. However, some of these cytobands were also found in normal samples with different sizes. Interestingly, chromosomal abnormalities in 14q11.1-q11.2 was only found in ASD samples. The result also showed an increase in methylation ratio of ASD samples in those CNV regions compared with their siblings. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that CNV in 14q11.1-q11.2 might be a potential target in ASD diagnosis and further work is required to detect which biological pathways are affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alhazmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Mohaimeed A, Alharbi M, Mahmood FM. Problematic smartphone usage and quality of life among Saudi adults. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:5344-5352. [PMID: 35993627 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202208_29400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problematic use of and/or addiction to smartphones is a cause of concern for sociologists, psychologists, and health professionals. We aimed to assess the correlation between smartphone use and perceived quality of life. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We conducted a sample survey of university students and the general public that visited health facilities in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. We used previously developed and validated questionnaires to elicit information on the extent and pattern of smartphone use and perceived quality of life. We conducted analysis of variance and binary logistic regression to evaluate the correlation between smartphone use and perceived quality of life. RESULTS About 73% of participants were university students aged 18 to 24 years; there were slightly more women than men. The mean quality of life scores for physical and psychological health was significantly lower among women, singles, students, and those 18 to 24 years old. Perceived quality of physical and psychological health was significantly lower among users of applications for music and movies than users of religious applications. Participants with the lowest level of perceived quality of physical and psychological health were between 2.5 and 2.7 times more likely to have the highest level of problematic smartphone use. CONCLUSIONS We found that problematic smartphone use was strongly associated with perceived quality of life in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. We recommend awareness campaigns to reduce problematic smartphone use, particularly among the younger population and physician training on the diagnosis and management of problematic smartphone use/addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Mohaimeed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
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Bakr S, AlFattani A, Al-Nounou R, Bakshi N, Khogeer H, Alharbi M, Almousa N, Alomaim W, Aguilos A, Almashary M, Owaidah T. Hematologic reference intervals for healthy adult Saudis in Riyadh. Ann Saudi Med 2022; 42:191-203. [PMID: 35658586 PMCID: PMC9167458 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2022.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory hematological tests are widely used in clinical practice to assess health and disease conditions. Reference ranges provided by laboratory reports are considered the most authoritative medical tools to assist in the decision-making phase. International standards institutes recommend that reference ranges be established for each region. OBJECTIVES Provide reference values of routine hematological parameters in Saudi adults according to age and gender. DESIGN Cross-sectional SETTING: Central province of Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Apparently healthy Saudi adults were subjected to laboratory testing of routine hematological parameters (full blood count, hemostatic profile, and serum hematinics), after completing a detailed health medical questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hematological reference values based on the local population. SAMPLE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS 637 after screening 827 potentially healthy Saudi adults with ages ranging from 15 to 65 years. RESULTS The reference values of routine hematological parameters for the full population and by gender are presented with 90% CI as the lower and upper limits. Reference ranges mostly differed from universal established ranges shown in textbooks. CONCLUSION The reference ranges of routine hematologic parameters for accurate assessment and appropriate management will help improve the routine clinical care of the adult Saudi population. LIMITATIONS Difficulty in assessing health status of participants, who could have subclinical illnesses not reflected in the evaluated blood measurement. Lack of ability to eliminate individuals who might be carriers for haemoglobinopathies. Studies with larger sample sizes from different areas of the country are required to achieve a more accurate representation of the whole Saudi population. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bakr
- From the Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,From the College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej AlFattani
- From the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randa Al-Nounou
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir Bakshi
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Khogeer
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alharbi
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Almousa
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Alomaim
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amelita Aguilos
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Almashary
- From the College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Owaidah
- From the Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,From the Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Muller Moran H, Maurice-Ventouris M, Alharbi M, Ahn B, Harley J, Lachapelle K. PAN-CANADIAN INITIATIVE ON FUNDAMENTAL COMPETENCIES FOR TRANSCATHETER CARDIAC SURGERY: A MODIFIED DELPHI CONSENSUS STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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AlShakhs A, AlMomen A, Alharbi M, Almolani F, Alawadh A, Alameer M. The endonasal endoscopic management of pediatric lateral frontal mucocele. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 78:405-409. [PMID: 33418279 PMCID: PMC7804337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontal mucoceles in children are rare. A child with lateral frontal mucocele with no known etiology. This shows the usefulness of image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery.
Objectives The aim of this report is to show the usefulness of endoscopic sinus surgery in management of lateral frontal mucocele in pediatric patient. Case presentation A 14 years old girl presented with right frontal bone depression and headache. CT and MRI showed lateral mucocele occupying the right frontal sinus. The patient was managed successfully by image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery and she was well after two years follow up. Discussion & conclusion Frontal mucoceles in children are rare. We report a rare case of a child with lateral frontal mucocele with no known etiology, treated successfully by image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery with no recurrence after two years follow-up. This case shows the usefulness of image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery in treatment of lateral frontal mucocele in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali AlMomen
- Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maha Alharbi
- ENT Trainee Resident, Saudi ORL Program, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadhel Almolani
- Radiology Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Ellison TL, Alharbi M, Alkaf M, Elimam S, Alfaries M, Nounou RA, Nasr R, Owaidah T. Implementation of total laboratory automation at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia: effect on turnaround time and cost efficiency. Ann Saudi Med 2018; 38:352-357. [PMID: 30284990 PMCID: PMC6180219 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2018.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total laboratory automation (TLA) is a relatively new way of improving the management of high volume clinical laboratories. TLA may reduce staff, reduce operating costs, decrease testing time and provide enhanced process control. OBJECTIVES Establish a cost efficient TLA that is less labor intensive, improves productivity and reduces turnaround time (TAT). DESIGN Implementation of TLA for random glucose and troponin-T as sentinel tests to compare change in TAT. SETTING Tertiary hospital with high volume of laboratory tests. METHODS Routine patient samples for random glucose and troponin-T were used to capture TAT. Information on staff grades and schedules before and after implementing the TLA, and cost of contracts to deliver the service were collected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES TAT, cost efficiency, and reduction in labor. RESULTS The consolidation of contracts resulted in a reduction of 28.8 million SAR in direct costs. Staffing cost was reduced by 1.14 million SAR with less senior staff required; there were reductions in staff at both senior and junior level. The overall TAT for all tests was reduced by 32% in 2016 (after TLA implementation) compared to 2012 (before TLA implementation). The median TAT for random glucose tests was reduced by 21% (to 55.7 minutes in 2016 from 70.1 minutes in 2012). Evidence of test optimization by exploring the impact of stat tests, auto-dilutions and reruns on the overall TAT of the TLA is shown by comparing troponin T TATs after reclassifying stat tests (in 2016) to routine (in 2017). At the 75th percentile, there was a 27% reduction in TAT when comparing August 2016 to March 2017 with a 19% reduction in median TAT. CONCLUSION By moving from stat to routine assays, the TAT was reduced, which is counter-intuitive. The use of stat assays slowed down the performance of the TLA. A careful review of the mix of assays should be conducted to maximize performance and to ensure that the system delivers what is required. LIMITATIONS Room for improvement by systematically analyzing and reviewing the impact of making minor changes that could have significant impact on TAT. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tarek Owaidah
- Dr. Tarek Owaidah, MBC 10, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center,, PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia, T: +966505312925, , ORCID: http://orcid. org/0000-0002-9399-300X
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25
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Alharbi M, Lamport D, Butler L, Spencer J. Habitual flavonoid intake and cognitive benefits: A longitudinal investigation in healthy elderly. Clin Nutr 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Almousawi HS, Assaf N, Herlin C, Alharbi M, Michel G, Sinna R, Dast S. Dorsal median lipectomy (the arrow technique): A new approach for the treatment of the circumferential truncal skin and fatty tissue excess. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2017; 62:659-663. [PMID: 28778501 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The increase in the number of patients who undergo massive weight loss surgery has led to an increasing number of patients who complain of circumferential abdominal skin and soft tissue excess. Currently, the only surgical option to treat soft tissue excess is vertical median abdominal lipectomy (fleur-de-lys technique). However, many patients are reluctant to undergo this surgery because of the position of the scar. We presented a new surgical approach to manage circumferential excess - dorsal median lipectomy (arrow technique) - in which the dorsal scar is well-tolerated by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Almousawi
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - N Assaf
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - C Herlin
- Department of plastic and craniofacial surgery, university hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M Alharbi
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - G Michel
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - R Sinna
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France.
| | - S Dast
- Department of plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, university hospital of Picardie, 80054 Amiens, France
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27
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Alharbi M, Bauman A, Neubeck L, Naismith S, Tofler, Yun-Hee J, Mitchell J, Kirkness A, Gallagher P, Woolaston A, Gallagher R. The Physical Activity Patterns of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Participants Using Three Different Measures: Exercise Capacity, Functional Activity, and Habitual Physical Activity. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Dast S, Herlin C, Zeltzer A, Siddhoum N, Alharbi M, Chaput B, Sinna R. [Algorithm for surgical treatment of limb lymphedema]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2016; 61:853-857. [PMID: 27717637 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Whether primary or secondary, limb lymphedema is a relatively common disease whose impact on the quality of life of patients is important. Although the microsurgical reconstruction techniques seem to be the techniques of choice in the treatment of limb lymphedema, no consensus about treatment of limb lymphedema has yet been defined. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of surgical techniques and their impact on the quality of life of patients, we propose a surgical treatment algorithm of limb lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dast
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - C Herlin
- Service de chirurgie plastique et craniofaciale, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier France
| | - A Zeltzer
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, UZ de Brussel, Brussel Belgique
| | - N Siddhoum
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - M Alharbi
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France
| | - B Chaput
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, CHU de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - R Sinna
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France.
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29
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Alharbi M, Husakou A, Chafer M, Debord B, Gérôme F, Benabid F. Raman gas self-organizing into deep nano-trap lattice. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12779. [PMID: 27677451 PMCID: PMC5052700 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Trapping or cooling molecules has rallied a long-standing effort for its impact in exploring new frontiers in physics and in finding new phase of matter for quantum technologies. Here we demonstrate a system for light-trapping molecules and stimulated Raman scattering based on optically self-nanostructured molecular hydrogen in hollow-core photonic crystal fibre. A lattice is formed by a periodic and ultra-deep potential caused by a spatially modulated Raman saturation, where Raman-active molecules are strongly localized in a one-dimensional array of nanometre-wide sections. Only these trapped molecules participate in stimulated Raman scattering, generating high-power forward and backward Stokes continuous-wave laser radiation in the Lamb-Dicke regime with sub-Doppler emission spectrum. The spectrum exhibits a central line with a sub-recoil linewidth as low as ∼14 kHz, more than five orders of magnitude narrower than conventional-Raman pressure-broadened linewidth, and sidebands comprising Mollow triplet, motional sidebands and four-wave mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alharbi
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
- Physics Department, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - A. Husakou
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
- Max Born Institute of Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - M. Chafer
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
| | - B. Debord
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
| | - F. Gérôme
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
| | - F. Benabid
- GPPMM Group, XLIM Research Institute, CNRS UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges 87410, France
- Physics Department, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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30
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Al-Daghri NM, Aljohani NJ, Al-Attas OS, Al-Saleh Y, Alnaami AM, Sabico S, Amer OE, Alharbi M, Kumar S, Alokail MS. Comparisons in childhood obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors among urban Saudi Arab adolescents in 2008 and 2013. Child Care Health Dev 2016; 42:652-7. [PMID: 27273258 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the prevalence of childhood obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors from two independent cohorts (2008 and 2013) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A total of 4549 adolescents aged 12-18 years [2454 boys, 2095 girls], taken from two independent cohorts, 5 years apart (2008 and 2013), were included. Anthropometrics were measured, and fasting blood samples were taken to ascertain glucose and lipid profile. RESULTS The overall prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in 2013 [15.3 (95% confidence interval 13.7-16.9)] than 2008 [12.6 (11.3-13.9)] (P = 0.012). Stratified by sex, the prevalence of obesity among boys was significantly higher in 2013 than 2008 [2008 = 12.0 (10.3-13.7) versus 2013 = 17.4 (15.1-19.7); P < 0.001]. The age groups 13 and 15 years had a significantly higher mean triglycerides in 2013 than 2008 (P-values 0.003 and <0.001, respectively) and lower mean HDL-cholesterol also in the 13 years old age group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia has increased in particular age groups (13-15 years) during a 5-year span. Special attention is warranted in these vulnerable age groups, particularly in boys, as cardiometabolic risk factors appear to worsen.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Al-Daghri
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N J Aljohani
- Specialized Diabetes and Endocrine Center, College of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City and King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O S Al-Attas
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Al-Saleh
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Alnaami
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Sabico
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O E Amer
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alharbi
- Diabetes Centers and Units Administration, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Kumar
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M S Alokail
- Biomarkers Research Program Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Lattmann E, Russell ST, Schwalbe CH, Shortt A, Balaram PN, Theochari E, Alharbi M, Narayanan R, Lattmann P. Cholecystokinin-1 receptor antagonists: 5-hydroxy-5-aryl-pyrrol-2-ones as anticancer agents. Med Chem Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00052e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxy-pyrrolones, which were potent CCK1R antagonists, showed nanomolar in vitro activity and anticancer activity in vivo for colon and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Lattmann
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - S. T. Russell
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - C. H. Schwalbe
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - A. Shortt
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | | | - E. Theochari
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - M. Alharbi
- School of Life and Health Sciences
- Aston University
- Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - R. Narayanan
- Department of Medicine
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center
- Memphis, USA
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32
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Nampoothiri AVV, Debord B, Alharbi M, Gérôme F, Benabid F, Rudolph W. CW hollow-core optically pumped I₂ fiber gas laser. Opt Lett 2015; 40:605-608. [PMID: 25680161 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Continuous wave lasing of a hollow-core fiber gas laser (HOFGLAS) is achieved with molecular iodine in the 1280-1340 nm region when optically pumped at 532 nm.
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33
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Debord B, Alharbi M, Benoît A, Ghosh D, Dontabactouny M, Vincetti L, Blondy JM, Gérôme F, Benabid F. Ultra low-loss hypocycloid-core Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fiber for green spectral-range applications. Opt Lett 2014; 39:6245-6248. [PMID: 25361325 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.006245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of a hypocycloidal-core Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fiber guiding, with low transmission loss in the 450-650 nm visible spectral range. Transmission loss records have been achieved with 70 dB/km at 600 nm, and 130 dB/km at 532 nm. As a demonstration of the fiber potential applications, we report on a compact 600 THz wide Raman comb generator, centered around 532 nm, and on a 10 W average power frequency-doubled Yb-fiber picosecond laser beam delivery, along with its use for organic material laser micro-processing.
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34
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Tippelt S, Mikasch R, Warmuth-Metz M, Pietsch T, Hilger RA, Kwiecien R, Faldum A, Rutkowski S, Bode U, Siegler N, Fleischhack G, Dufour C, Delisle MB, Geoffray A, Laplanche A, Frappaz D, Icher C, Bertozzi AI, Leblond P, Doz F, Andre N, Schneider P, De Carli E, Berger C, Lejars O, Chastagner P, Soler C, Entz-Werle N, Valteau-Couanet D, Burzynski S, Janicki T, Burzynski G, Marszalek A, Deiss A, Korshunov A, Capper D, Witt H, van Tilburg C, von Deimling A, Kulozik AE, Pfister SM, Witt O, Milde T, Dhall G, Haley K, Finlay J, Rushing T, Sposto R, Seeger R, Lulla RR, Goldman S, Beattie C, DasGupta TK, Pollack I, Fisher PG, Wu S, Boyett JM, Fouladi M, Meijer L, Veal G, Walker D, Grundy R, Meijer L, Veal G, Grundy R, Konczalik W, Ivanov D, Garnett M, Parker T, Kearns P, Walker D, Grundy R, Garnett M, Rahman R, Smith S, Meijer L, Walker D, Kimpo M, Yan B, Ning C, Villegas M, Alcasabas AP, Juh YE, Chong QT, Lin TP, Dewire M, Fouladi M, Drissi R, Chow L, Goldman S, Pai A, Leach J, Lane A, Backus L, Grimme L, Tabares J, Kumar S, Sobo M, Hummel TR, Alharbi M, Abdullah S, Alharbi Q, Alshahrani M, Mosleh O, Balbaid A, Alkofide A, Alkhayat N, AlFar K, Banyhamdan A, Ahmed O, El-Badawy S, Bouffet E, Jiang MW, Zhou RH, Zhou Q, Yuan XJ, Ma J, Turner D, Wright K, Broniscer A, Robinson G, Qaddoumi I, Armstrong G, Gajjar A, Stewart C, Misra SN, Misra AK, Michalski A, Stiller C. CLINICAL TRIALS. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:i10-i13. [PMCID: PMC4046282 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
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35
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Debord B, Alharbi M, Vincetti L, Husakou A, Fourcade-Dutin C, Hoenninger C, Mottay E, Gérôme F, Benabid F. Multi-meter fiber-delivery and pulse self-compression of milli-Joule femtosecond laser and fiber-aided laser-micromachining. Opt Express 2014; 22:10735-46. [PMID: 24921775 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.010735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on damage-free fiber-guidance of milli-Joule energy-level and 600-femtosecond laser pulses into hypocycloid core-contour Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fibers. Up to 10 meter-long fibers were used to successfully deliver Yb-laser pulses in robustly single-mode fashion. Different pulse propagation regimes were demonstrated by simply changing the fiber dispersion and gas. Self-compression to ~50 fs, and intensity-level nearing petawatt/cm(2) were achieved. Finally, free focusing-optics laser-micromachining was also demonstrated on different materials.
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36
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Debord B, Alharbi M, Bradley T, Fourcade-Dutin C, Wang YY, Vincetti L, Gérôme F, Benabid F. Hypocycloid-shaped hollow-core photonic crystal fiber Part I: arc curvature effect on confinement loss. Opt Express 2013; 21:28597-28608. [PMID: 24514371 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.028597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on numerical and experimental studies showing the influence of arc curvature on the confinement loss in hypocycloid-core Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The results prove that with such a design the optical performances are strongly driven by the contour negative curvature of the core-cladding interface. They show that the increase in arc curvature results in a strong decrease in both the confinement loss and the optical power overlap between the core mode and the silica core-surround, including a modal content approaching true single-mode guidance. Fibers with enhanced negative curvature were then fabricated with a record loss-level of 17 dB/km at 1064 nm.
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Alharbi M, Bradley T, Debord B, Fourcade-Dutin C, Ghosh D, Vincetti L, Gérôme F, Benabid F. Hypocycloid-shaped hollow-core photonic crystal fiber Part II: cladding effect on confinement and bend loss. Opt Express 2013; 21:28609-28616. [PMID: 24514372 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.028609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on numerical and experimental studies on the influence of cladding ring-number on the confinement and bend loss in hypocycloid-shaped Kagome hollow core photonic crystal fiber. The results show that beyond the second ring, the ring number has a minor effect on confinement loss whereas the bend loss is strongly reduced with the ring-number increase. Finally, the results show that the increase in the cladding ring-number improves the modal content of the fiber.
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El-Awar N, Nguyen A, Almeshari K, Alawami M, Alzayer F, Alharbi M, Sasaki N, Terasaki PI. HLA class II DQA and DQB epitopes: recognition of the likely binding sites of HLA-DQ alloantibodies eluted from recombinant HLA-DQ single antigen cell lines. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1141-52. [PMID: 23756161 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in sera of sensitized transplant patients are often produced against the specific epitopes on mismatched HLA antigens. In this study, we selected sera from 30 kidney transplant patients with DSA and AMR to define DQ epitopes. Using adsorption and elution assays, we identified 18 antibody reaction patterns to define 6 new epitopes and to confirm 12 previously defined epitopes. In one patient case, one mismatched antigen produced 3 different antibodies and, in another, antibodies were produced against the alpha and beta chains of the same antigen. For some sera, a single epitope can explain reactions for 27 of the 29 DQ beads in the single antigen panel. Several studies highlighted the prevalence of anti-DQ antibodies. In 2011, Almeshari et al. observed DQ DSA in 34/46 (74%) of rejection episodes - 44 patients had DSA and 20 lost their graft due to AMR. Other studies have shown a high prevalence of anti-DQ antibodies and an association with adverse effects on the graft. We conclude that analysis of the epitopes of the DQ antibodies using Adsorption/Elution and testing on single antigen DQ beads helps to better understand the specificities and cross-reactions of DQ antibodies in transplant patients.
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El-Awar N, Almeshari K, Alzayer F, Alharbi M, Alawami M, Nguyen A, Terasaki PI. 1024-LB. Hum Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sinna R, Alharbi M, Assaf N, Perignon D, Qassemyar Q, Gianfermi M, Deguines JB, Regimbeau JM, Mauvais F. Management of the perineal wound after abdominoperineal resection. J Visc Surg 2013; 150:9-18. [PMID: 23434360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although many options are available for the management of perineal wounds after abdominoperineal resection, ranging from direct closure to flap reconstruction, treatment remains challenging. A better understanding of the aims, drawbacks and progress in perineal wound management after abdominoperineal rectal resection can help the surgeon make better choices for each patient, but it is very difficult to propose a single, optimal, evidence-based procedure for the management of pelvic exenteration. Recent progress provided by the extralevator abdominoperineal resection technique and perforator flap concepts have changed our conception of reconstruction leading to the different technical options highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sinna
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Amiens University Medical Center, Hôpital Nord, place Victor-Pauchet, 80054 Amiens cedex 01, France.
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Wang YY, Peng X, Alharbi M, Dutin CF, Bradley TD, Gérôme F, Mielke M, Booth T, Benabid F. Design and fabrication of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers for high-power ultrashort pulse transportation and pulse compression. Opt Lett 2012; 37:3111-3. [PMID: 22859102 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.003111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the recent design and fabrication of kagome-type hollow-core photonic crystal fibers for the purpose of high-power ultrashort pulse transportation. The fabricated seven-cell three-ring hypocycloid-shaped large core fiber exhibits an up-to-date lowest attenuation (among all kagome fibers) of 40 dB/km over a broadband transmission centered at 1500 nm. We show that the large core size, low attenuation, broadband transmission, single-mode guidance, and low dispersion make it an ideal host for high-power laser beam transportation. By filling the fiber with helium gas, a 74 μJ, 850 fs, and 40 kHz repetition rate ultrashort pulse at 1550 nm has been faithfully delivered at the fiber output with little propagation pulse distortion. Compression of a 105 μJ laser pulse from 850 fs down to 300 fs has been achieved by operating the fiber in ambient air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Wang
- Gas-Phase Photonic Material Group, CPPM, Physics Department, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Kamal M, El-Khateeb N, Awad M, Zaghloul MS, Ahmed S, El-Beltagy M, Taha H, Refaat A, Abouelnaga S, Refaat A, Aggag M, Youssef A, Kamal M, Gharieb A, El-Beltagy M, Taha H, Ezzat S, Kamal M, Hassanain O, Abouelnaga S, Hussein H, Hosny H, Sabry M, Samir A, El-Beltagy M, Kamal M, Zaghloul MS, Abouelnaga S, Taha H, El Beltagy M, Atteya M, Moiyadi A, Shetty P, El-Shazly M, El Masry A, Quaddoumi I, El-Fiki M, Fadel S, Xiong H, Shao J, Li J, Xu Z, Ezziane-Guechi K, Atif ML, Bouzid K, Bezzaoucha A, Faranoush M, Mehrvar A, Asl AAH, Tashvighi M, Parsa RR, Fazeli MA, Sobuti B, Mehrvar N, Ali J, Zangooei R, Alebouyeh M, Vossough P, Perek D, Baginska BD, Drogosiewicz M, Polnik MP, Grajkowska W, Roszkowski M, Sobol G, Musiol K, Wachowiak J, Kazmierczak B, Pogorzelski JP, Mlynarski W, Szewczyk BZ, Wysocki M, Niedzielska E, Kowalczyk J, Slusarz HW, Balwierz W, Czepko EZ, Szolkiewicz A, Haddad P, Zali A, Tabatabaeefar M, Nikoofar A, Kharazi HH, Ghadyani M, Fadavi P, Mukhomorova L, Faranoush M, Nami MT, Botelho I, Pedrosa F, Qaddoumi I, Ribeiro R, Pedrosa A, Hazim A, Furtado G, Serra S, Procopio S, Pillai A, Mr B, Panikar D, Jarrar M, Alharbi M, Alharbi T, Alsudairy R, Alomari A, Aljamaan K, Alsultan A, Hnin TM, Khaing A, Tin HH, Ebeid E, El Haddad M, Mansour A, El Haddad A, Maza I, Vasquez L, Ordonez K, Paredes G, Yabar A, Ugarte E, Geronimo J. NEURO-ONCOLOGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Beaudou B, Gerôme F, Wang YY, Alharbi M, Bradley TD, Humbert G, Auguste JL, Blondy JM, Benabid F. Millijoule laser pulse delivery for spark ignition through kagome hollow-core fiber. Opt Lett 2012; 37:1430-2. [PMID: 22555694 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.001430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on power handling oriented design of kagome lattice hollow-core fiber and demonstrate through it for the first time nanosecond laser pulses induced spark ignition in a friendly manner. Two different core designs and transmission bands are investigated and evaluated. The energy threshold damage was measured to be in excess of the 10 mJ level and the output power density is approaching the TW/cm2 after focusing; demonstrating the outstanding ability of such fiber for high power delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Beaudou
- GPPMM Group, Xlim-UMR 7252 Université de Limoges/CNRS, Limoges, France
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Alharbi M, Pinto G, Finidori G, Souberbielle JC, Guillou F, Gaubicher S, Le Merrer M, Polak M. Pamidronate treatment of children with moderate-to-severe osteogenesis imperfecta: a note of caution. Horm Res 2008; 71:38-44. [PMID: 19039235 DOI: 10.1159/000173740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Bisphosphonates have been reported to decrease fractures related to osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We assessed the efficacy and long-term safety of pamidronate therapy in patients with moderate-to-severe OI. METHODS We conducted an open-label uncontrolled study in 14 boys and 13 girls whose mean age was 6.8 years at baseline. Intravenous pamidronate, 1 mg/kg/day, was given for 3 consecutive days every 4 months for 2-6 years, with physical therapy and orthopedic surgery as appropriate. Mobility score, fracture rate, height, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone healing were evaluated throughout follow-up. RESULTS In 24 (89%) patients, the fracture rate decreased to <or=2/year and/or the mobility score improved. The remaining 3 (11%) patients continued to experience more than 2 fractures per year with mobility scores <2 despite significant BMD gains. Delayed radiographic fracture healing (>6 months) occurred in 8 (29.6%) patients; their BMD gains, baseline age and treatment duration were not significantly different from those in the other patients. Tolerance was good. CONCLUSION Pamidronate with physiotherapy and orthopedic management improved outcomes without delaying fracture healing in 19 (70%) of 27 patients. Delayed fracture healing occurred in 8/27 patients. Pamidronate should be reserved for severe OI with multiple fractures and/or flattened vertebras.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alharbi
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Necker Enfants Malades Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
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