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Ali U, Ahmad B, Minhas RA, Awan MS, Khan LA, Khan MB, Zaman SU, Abbasi AA, Nisar R, Farooq S, Shoukat R, Khushal S, Mushtaq A, Uddin MN, Ahmed D. Human-black bear conflict: crop raiding by Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e261446. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Asiatic black bear has long been in conflict with human beings crop raiding is a major cause of this conflict frequently noted in South Asia. Crops raided by black bears affected by temporal, spatial and anthropogenic attributes. Insight in this conflict and its mitigation is vital for the conservation of this threatened species. Present study aimed to evaluate crop raiding by black bears in the mountainous region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Field surveys were carried out to observe spatial and temporal crop raiding features between 2015-2020 and data gathered using designed questionnaires randomly tailored in villages nearby the forests. Results revealed that maize was the sole crop raided by black bears. A total of 28-acre area was raided by black bear in the fall season (Aug-November) resulting in a damage of 51 metric tons, whole raiding was carried out at night. Each respondent received crop damage on 0.09 acre with a loss of 0.17 metric ton yield. Crop quantity and area were significantly correlated to each other. District Neelum shared 49% of the total crop loss, while 47% of the maize was raided at the altitudinal range of 2100-2500 m. crop raiding was highly significantly ( χ 2 = 1174.64 ; d f = 308 ; p < 0.01) dependent upon distance to the forest. Linear regression revealed that maize quantity was determined by area, time and the total field area. Farmers faced 3.8 million PKRs loss due to crop damage by black bears. Despite the huge loss, the majority (23%) of the respondents did not respond to the query on mitigation measures indicating a poor adaptation of preventive measures. Preferred strategy to avoid crop damage was making noise (27.8%) when bears attacked their crops. A start of compensation scheme to the farmers is recommended that will have turned their negative attitude into a positive one toward the wildlife and black bear particularly. Study provides a new insight in human-bear conflict, particularly in spatial and temporal context of crop raiding in AJ&K.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Ali
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan; Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - B. Ahmad
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - R. A. Minhas
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - M. S. Awan
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - L. A. Khan
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - M. B. Khan
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - A. A. Abbasi
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - R. Nisar
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. Farooq
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - R. Shoukat
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. Khushal
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | - A. Mushtaq
- Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - D. Ahmed
- The University of Haripur, Pakistan
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Khan LA, Ahmad B, Chaudhary AA, Minhas RA, Awan MS, Dar NI, Ali U, Ahmad F, Kabir M, Bibi S. The human-wildlife conflict in Musk Deer National Park, Neelum Gureze Valley, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e261655. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Growing human population is a solemn risk to biodiversity at a global level. Massive anthropogenic pressure and invasion in the natural habitats initiated the human-wildlife conflict in rural areas. Present study aimed to assess human-wildlife conflict in Musk Deer National Park (MDNP) from 2013 to 2018. Results revealed an estimated 241784 nomadic and 5589 residential livestock heads grazed in different areas of MDNP during the summer season. A total of 126 heads were depredated by carnivores during the study period. Majority (n=39) of livestock heads were killed in May (n=29). Livestock depredation resulted in economic losses worth 3.115 million PKRs (25744 US$) to the herder community while farmers received 1.629 million PKRs (13466 US$) losses due to crop raiding. Most (64%) of the respondents believed human-wildlife conflict heightened due to scarcity of food or prey in the natural habitats of carnivores. Majority (92%) of the respondents did not like the presence of predators in MDNP. Loss compensation schemes could turn this negative attitude into the positive one and increase tolerance about the presence of carnivores in their vicinity. This study provides an insight into the human-wildlife conflict in MDNP and paves a way for understanding the conflict and conservation of carnivore species in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. Khan
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - B. Ahmad
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - R. A. Minhas
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - M. S. Awan
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - N. I. Dar
- Wildlife and Fisheries Department, Pakistan
| | - U. Ali
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan; Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | - F. Ahmad
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Bibi
- The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan; Wildlife and Fisheries Department, Pakistan
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Ali U, Zainal M, Zainol Z, Tai CW, Tang SF, Lee PC, Wong KK. Performance evaluation of two multiplex qualitative RT-PCR assays for detection of respiratory infection in paediatric population. Malays J Pathol 2023; 45:215-227. [PMID: 37658531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute respiratory infection (ARI) contributes to significant mortality and morbidity worldwide and is usually caused by a wide range of respiratory pathogens. This study aims to describe the performance of QIAstat-Dx® Respiratory Panel V2 (RP) and RespiFinder® 2SMART assays for respiratory pathogens detection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 110 nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were collected from children aged one month to 12 years old who were admitted with ARI in UKMMC during a one-year period. The two qPCR assays were conducted in parallel. RESULTS Ninety-seven samples (88.2%) were positive by QIAstat-Dx RP and 86 (78.2%) by RespiFinder assay. The overall agreement on both assays was substantial (kappa value: 0.769) with excellent concordance rate of 96.95%. Using both assays, hRV/EV, INF A/H1N1 and RSV were the most common pathogens detected. Influenza A/H1N1 infection was significantly seen higher in older children (age group > 60 months old) (53.3%, p-value < 0.05). Meanwhile, RSV and hRV/EV infection were seen among below one-year-old children. Co-infections by two to four pathogens were detected in 17 (17.5%) samples by QIAstat-Dx RP and 12 (14%) samples by RespiFinder, mainly involving hRV/EV. Bacterial detection was observed only in 5 (4.5%) and 6 (5.4%) samples by QIAstat-Dx RP and RespiFinder, respectively, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae the most common detected. CONCLUSION The overall performance of the two qPCR assays was comparable and showed excellent agreement. Both detected various clinically important respiratory pathogens in a single test with simultaneous multiple infection detection. The use of qPCR as a routine diagnostic test can improve diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ali
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Zainal
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Z Zainol
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C W Tai
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Paediatric, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S F Tang
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Paediatric, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P C Lee
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Paediatric, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K K Wong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Naveed M, Hassan J, Aziz T, Ali U, Rana IK, Ali Khan A, Fakhrul H, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Alasmari AF. A one-health approach to design an mRNA-based vaccine candidate against the lumpy skin disease virus as an alternative to live-attenuated vaccines. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6401-6413. [PMID: 37458660 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, lumpy skin disease (LSD) has been spread over the Asian, European, and Middle Eastern regions making it a significant hazard to the chain of cattle production, milk production, and human milk consumption, requiring prompt attention. Lumpy skin disease virus has high morbidity and low fatality rates, but its infections have led to terrible economic and agricultural consequences. Although live-attenuated vaccines have been commercialized, farmers in different regions have not taken them well because of the allergic responses against the vaccines. The study aims to develop an mRNA-based vaccine candidate for LSDV, using immunoinformatic approaches to minimize allergenicity and homology while maximizing immunogenic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used extensive immunoinformatic approaches to shortlist five proteins from the LSDV genome that belong to the transmembrane region and are crucial in early viral interaction with host cells. The B-cell and T-cell-specific epitopes were chosen based on non-allergenicity, antigenicity, non-homology, surface accessibility, and lower IC50 inhibition values. The construct's stability, hydrophilicity, and antigenic potential were analyzed using the instability index, Grand Average of Hydropathicity (GRAVY) index, and antigenicity, respectively. RESULTS We selected a total of 34 epitopes, consisting of 12 B-cell-specific epitopes and 22 T-cell-specific epitopes. These epitopes were chosen based on their characteristics such as non-allergenicity, antigenicity, non-homology, surface accessibility, and lower IC50 inhibition values. Specifically, 11 epitopes were selected for Major Histocompatibility Complex-I, and another 11 epitopes were chosen for Major Histocompatibility Complex-II. The inclusion of the RS09 adjuvant enhanced the immunogenic potential of the vaccine. The instability index was found to be 38.60. Additionally, the GRAVY index, indicating hydrophilicity, was calculated as -0.151. Furthermore, the antigenicity value of 0.6073 confirmed its potential to elicit an immune response. Further supporting its immunogenic potential, strong immune stimulation was observed, with IgM+IgG titers reaching 6,000 (arbitrary units) and IFNg titers measuring 400,000 ng/mL. These results provide additional evidence of the vaccine's ability to stimulate a robust immune response. CONCLUSIONS The study results indicate that the developed mRNA-based vaccine candidate for LSDV has high immunogenic potential and could serve as an effective alternative to live-attenuated vaccines. Further experimental validations are required to test its efficacy. The study also highlights the potential of the One-Health approach to tackle non-zoonotic diseases that have significant consequences for the environment and humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Colitti M, Ali U, Wabitsch M, Tews D. Transcriptomic analysis of Simpson Golabi Behmel syndrome cells during differentiation exhibit BAT-like function. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hayakawa H, Pincott E, Ali U. Anaesthesia and cerebral palsy. BJA Educ 2022; 22:26-32. [PMID: 34992798 PMCID: PMC8703146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - U. Ali
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
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Ali U, Giudicatti L, Lee F, Fazackerley C, Slimani K, Merry C, Shah A, Larbalestier R. Outcomes of Cardiac Transplantation in Western Australia – A Contemporary Single Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khan MB, Irshad N, Ahmed B, Khan MR, Minhas RA, Ali U, Mahmood M, Muhammad A, Sheikh AA, Ashraf N. Food habits of indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) (Kerr 1792), in district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e243063. [PMID: 34287526 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Crested Porcupine (Hystrix indica) is classified as an agricultural pest species. It feeds on plants and crops; hence, it is responsible for massive financial losses worldwide. The current study was conducted to assess the diet composition of Indian Crested Porcupine in District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K). Thus, fecal samples were collected and examined from different sampling sites. Reference slides of the material collected from the study area were prepared for identification of dietary components in fecal pellets. A total of 80 fecal samples were collected and processed. Percent relative frequencies (P.R.F.) were calculated for each plant species recovered from pellets. Data revealed that Indian Crested Porcupine consumed 31 plant species in its diet, among them Zea mays (34.31±7.76) was the most frequently selected species followed by Rumex obtusifolius (15.32±2.57) and Melia azedarach (12.83±4.79). The study revealed that the greatest diversity of (n=20) plant species were consumed in summer season while minimum (n=13) species were used during winter. Among the parts of plants, stem was highly consumed in spring (57.2%) as compared to seed in fall (36.7%) while spikes and leaf were the least recovered parts from the fecal matter. The Berger-Parker diversity index showed highly diversified food (10.92) in the summer time of the year as compared to the autumn season (2.95). This study provides a baseline for the diet preference of this pest in the study area. Based on current findings, a detailed investigation on damage assessment, exploration, habitat use and management of Indian Crested Porcupine in AJ&K has been recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - N Irshad
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - B Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - M R Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - R A Minhas
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - U Ali
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - M Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - A Muhammad
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - A A Sheikh
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJ&K Pakistan
| | - N Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad, AJ&K Pakistan
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Cunliffe A, Gran S, Ali U, Grindlay D, Lax SJ, Williams HC, Burden-Teh E. Can atopic eczema and psoriasis coexist? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Skin Health Dis 2021; 1:e29. [PMID: 35664974 PMCID: PMC9060081 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Importance Previous studies report both coexistence and mutual exclusivity of atopic eczema (AE) and psoriasis, but these have not been appraised systematically. Knowledge of such disease association throws light on disease mechanisms and may influence therapeutic choices. Objective To summarise evidence for AE and psoriasis occurring in the same person at the same point in time. Planned primary outcome was the incidence, prevalence or risk of psoriasis or eczema. Methods Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Embase were searched from inception to 1st February 2020. The search strategy was built around the key terms ‘atopic eczema’, ‘psoriasis’ and ‘co‐existence’. Observational studies (cohort, case‐control, cross‐sectional and case‐series) with a minimum of 10 consecutive patients were included. There were no restrictions on participants, geography or language. Studies were selected, data extracted and critically appraised by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted on the method of diagnosis: health professional (dermatologist, criteria, other), self‐reported, not specified. Study quality was assessed using validated Joanna Brigg's Institute critical appraisal tools. A random‐effects model was used to combine studies. The effect of study quality on the pooled estimate was investigated using stratification. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis. Results This review included 31 studies and 20 523 individuals with psoriasis and 1 405 911 with AE. Eight studies reported the prevalence of AE in those with psoriasis and values ranged from 0.17% to 20%: the pooled prevalence was 2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1, 3). Seven studies reported the prevalence of psoriasis in those with AE and values ranged from 0.3% to 12.6%; the pooled prevalence was 2% (95% CI: 1, 3). Ten studies were assessed as low risk of bias. Geographical area, method of diagnosis, setting and whether the assessment of diagnosis was blinded, partly contributed to the heterogeneity. Conclusions This review provides some evidence for the coexistence of AE and psoriasis. Clinicians should be aware of coexistence at diagnosis, when selecting therapies and when reviewing poor response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cunliffe
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK
| | - S Gran
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - U Ali
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - D Grindlay
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - S J Lax
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - H C Williams
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK.,Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - E Burden-Teh
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK.,Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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Lan N, Ali U, Yeap B, Fegan P, Larbalestier R, Bell D. Attainment of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ali U, Bibo L, Pierre M, Bayfield N, Raichel L, Merry C. R19 Risk Factors For Wound Infections After Cardiac Surgery: A Large Tertiary Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ali U, Larbalestier R. P29 What Factors are Associated With Prolonged Inpatient Rehabilitation After Cardiac Surgery? Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ali U, Pavey W, Hickey J, Chitnis S, Ludewick H, Abbot S, Gupta A, Ho K. R43 Using Shear Wave Elastography to Characterise Ischaemic Contracture in Rodent Hearts. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Goldblatt J, Ali U, Ang Y, Merry C, Larbalestier R, Stamp N. R37 The Outcomes of Indigenous Australians Undergoing Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery at a Single Institution. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ali U, Lan N, Gilfillan M, Ho K, Pavey W, Dwivedi G, Edelman J, Larbalestier R. 843 Do Preoperative Balloon Pumps Really Make a Difference? Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ali U, Lan N, Ho K, Dwivedi G, Merry C, Larbalestier R. 618 Additional Benefits of Lipid Lowering Drugs After Cardiac Surgery. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ali U, Lan N, Dwivedi G, Merry C, Larbalestier R. 748 Predicting the Requirement for Inpatient Rehabilitation after Cardiac Surgery: Can Cardiologists Make a Difference? Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lan N, Ali U, Fegan G, Larbalestier R, Hitchen S, Hort A, Yeap B. 604 Contemporary Clinical Characteristics and Short-Term Outcomes Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients With Diabetes. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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MORE V, Ali U, Udani A, Patil R, Ohri A. SAT-313 EFFECT OF NORMALIZATION OF 25 (OH) VITAMIN D LEVELS ON FREQUENCY OF RELAPSES IN FIRST YEAR OF CHILDHOOD NEPHROTIC SYNDROME A NON RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jaltotage B, Ali U, Dorai-Raj A, Sanfilippo F, Rankin J, Dwivedi G. Q Fever Endocarditis: A Review of 135 Reported Cases. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pavey W, Hickey J, Chitnis S, Ali U, Gupta A, Abbott S, Ludewick H. Using Shear Wave Elastography to Characterise Ischaemic Contracture in Rodent Hearts. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ahmad F, Taj MB, Tirmizi SA, Alelwani W, Hajjar D, Makki AA, Shah S, Ali U, Hassan U, Tahir M, Siddiq S. Selective Complexation of Hydrazone Based Ketimine with 3d, 4d, and 5d Metals: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jaltotage B, Gupta A, Ali U, Parsons R, Rankin J, Dwivedi G. Coronary CT Angiography for Allocation of Lipid Lowering Therapy: A Tertiary Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Raza A, Hussain J, Hussnain F, Zahra F, Mehmood S, Mahmud A, Amjad ZB, Khan MT, Asif M, Ali U, Badar IH, Nadeem M. Vegetable Waste Inclusion in Broiler Diets and its Effect on Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites, Immunity, Meat Mineral Content and Lipid Oxidation Status. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - J Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - F Hussnain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - F Zahra
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S Mehmood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmud
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - ZB Amjad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MT Khan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M Asif
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Pakistan
| | - U Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - IH Badar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M Nadeem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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Taj MB, Tirmizi SA, Raheel A, Alelwani W, Hajjar D, Makki AA, Ali U, Darroudi M, Ali HBM. Facile Synthesis of N-Phenyl Benzamidine Derivatives, Their Skin Protecting, and Anti-Aging Activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218110270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Ploeg J, Sherifali D, Ali U, Markle-Reid M, Valaitis R, Bartholomew A, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, McAiney C. IMPACT OF INTERNET-BASED INTERVENTIONS ON MENTAL HEALTH OF CAREGIVERS OF ADULTS WITH CHRONIC CONDITIONS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - U Ali
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University
| | | | | | | | | | - C McAiney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University
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Maggiore P, Bellinge J, Chieng D, White D, Lan N, Jaltotage B, Ali U, Gordon M, Chung K, Stobie P, Ng J, Hankey G, McQuillan B. Ischaemic Stroke and the Echo ‘Bubble Study’: Are we Screening the Right Patients? A Multicentre Experience from Western Australia. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Ali U, Batte K. Corporate Manslaughter. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:861. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Ali
- Whittington Hospital; London UK
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Sathe KP, Ohri A, Mishra A, Ali U. Digital gangrene in a child with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with anti-factor H antibodies. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:231-2. [PMID: 27194846 PMCID: PMC4862277 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.169557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K P Sathe
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Ohri
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Mishra
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - U Ali
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Shanbag P, Ali U. Outreach activities for kidney diseases in children. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:388-389. [PMID: 27795641 PMCID: PMC5015525 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.181474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Several traditional medicines contain potentially toxic heavy metals. Heavy metal poisoning is not an uncommon cause of renal damage, although the diagnosis can be easily missed. We report a case of chronic ingestion of an ayurvedic medicine containing mercury in a 2-year-old girl, resulting in anuric renal failure due to acute interstitial nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sathe
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Alvi Z, Mahmood A, Ali U, Rasul S, Arif S, Maqsood T, Ahmed S, Ishtiaq S. EP-1011: Therapeutic effects of whole brain radiotherapy with carboplatin in management of brain metastasis. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)33317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Alvi Z, Mahmood A, Rasool S, Ali U, Arif S, Ishtiaq S, Maqsood T. PO-107: Role of Honey in Prevention of Radiation Induced Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)34726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Otiv AS, Mehta K, Ali U, Nadkarni M. Sonographic measurement of renal size in normal indian children. Indian Pediatr 2012; 49:533-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-012-0120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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35
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Liu J, Wu Z, Ali U, Wang Y, Chen L, Gui Z. Corrigendum to “the firing activity of pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex and their responese to 5-hydroxytryptamine-1a receptor stimulation in a rat model of parkinson's disease”. Neuroscience 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Fan LL, Zhang QJ, Liu J, Feng J, Gui ZH, Ali U, Zhang L, Hou C, Wang T, Hui YP, Sun YN, Wu ZH. In vivo effect of 5-HT₇ receptor agonist on pyramidal neurons in medial frontal cortex of normal and 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats: an electrophysiological study. Neuroscience 2011; 190:328-38. [PMID: 21684321 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-7 receptor began to be cloned and pharmacologically characterized close to 20 years ago. It couples positively via G-proteins to adenylyl cyclase and activation of this receptor increases neuronal excitability, and several studies have shown that degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway leads to an impairment of 5-HT system. Here we reported that systemic and local administration of 5-HT₇ receptor agonist AS 19 produced excitation, inhibition and no change in the firing rate of pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of normal and 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. In normal rats, the mean response of the pyramidal neurons to AS 19 by systemic and local administration in mPFC was excitatory. The inhibitory effect by systemic administration of AS 19 was reversed by GABA(A) receptor antagonist picrotoxinin. Systemic administration of picrotoxinin excited all the neurons examined in normal rats, and after treatment with picrotoxinin, the local administration of AS 19 further increased the firing rate of the neurons. In the lesioned rats, systemic administration of AS 19, at the same doses, also increased the mean firing rate of the pyramidal neurons. However, cumulative dose producing excitation in the lesioned rats was higher than that of normal rats. Systemic administration of AS 19 produced inhibitory effect in the lesioned rats, which was partially reversed by picrotoxinin. The local administration of AS 19, at the same dose, did not change the firing rate of the neurons in the lesioned rats. Systemic administration of picrotoxinin and the local administration of AS 19 did not affect the firing rate of the neurons in the lesioned rats. These results indicate that activity of mPFC pyramidal neurons is regulated through activation of 5-HT₇ receptor by direct or indirect action, and degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway leads to decreased response of these neurons to AS 19, suggesting dysfunction and/or down-regulation of 5-HT₇ receptor on the pyramidal neurons and GABA interneurons in the lesioned rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
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Gui ZH, Zhang QJ, Liu J, Zhang L, Ali U, Hou C, Fan LL, Sun YN, Wu ZH, Hui YP. Unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway decreases the response of fast-spiking interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex to 5-HT1A receptor agonist and expression of the receptor in parvalbumin-positive neurons in the rat. Neurochem Int 2011; 59:618-27. [PMID: 21693147 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine(1A) (5-HT(1A)) receptors are expressed in the prefrontal cortical interneurons. Among these interneurons, calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV)-positive fast spiking (FS) interneurons play an important role in regulatory function of the prefrontal cortex. In the present study, the response of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) FS interneurons to the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT and change in expression of 5-HT(1A) receptor on PV-positive neurons were examined in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) by using extracellular recording and double-labeling immunofluorescence histochemistry. Systemic administration of 8-OH-DPAT (1-243 μg/kg, i.v.) dose-dependently inhibited the mean firing rate of the FS interneurons in sham-operated and the lesioned rats, respectively. The cumulative doses producing inhibition in the lesioned rats (243 μg/kg) was significantly higher than that of sham-operated rats (27 μg/kg). Furthermore, the local application of 8-OH-DPAT (0.01 μg) in the mPFC inhibited the FS interneurons in sham-operated rats, while having no effect on firing rate of the FS interneurons in the lesioned rats. In contrast to sham-operated rats, the lesion of the SNc in rats did not cause the change of PV-positive neurons in the prelimbic prefrontal cortex, a subregion of the mPFC, whereas the lesion of the SNc markedly reduced in percentage of PV-positive neurons expressing 5-HT(1A) receptors. Our results indicate that degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway results in the decreased response of FS interneurons in the mPFC to 5-HT(1A) receptor stimulation, which attributes to down-regulation of 5-HT(1A) receptor expression in these interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Gui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Wang Y, Liu J, Gui Z, Ali U, Fan L, Hou C, Wang T, Chen L, Li Q. α2-Adrenoceptor regulates the spontaneous and the GABA/glutamate modulated firing activity of the rat medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons. Neuroscience 2011; 182:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Gui Z, Zhang Q, Liu J, Ali U, Li L, Wang Y, Wang T, Chen L, Hou C, Fan L. In vivo modulation of the firing activity of putative slow- and fast-spiking interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex by 5-HT3 receptors in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonian rats. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1315-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Richards T, Greenberg D, Ali U, Potter S, Beaton K, Tsang D. Radical Radiotherapy for Bladder TCC: A Contemporary Case Series 1997-2007 from a UK DGH Cancer Unit. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Wang S, Zhang QJ, Liu J, Wu ZH, Ali U, Wang Y, Chen L, Gui ZH. The firing activity of pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex and their response to 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptor stimulation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2009; 162:1091-100. [PMID: 19410634 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The changes in the firing rate and firing pattern of pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the effects of selective 5-hydroxytryptamine-(1A) (5-HT(1A)) receptor agonist (R)-(+)-8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT) and antagonist N-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-N-2-pyridylcyclohexane carboxamide maleate salt (WAY-100635) on the firing activity of the neurons were studied in sham-lesioned rats and rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The lesion of the SNc increased the firing rate of pyramidal neurons significantly compared to sham-lesioned rats, and the firing pattern of these neurons also changed significantly towards a more burst-firing. The systemic administration of 8-OH-DPAT at doses in the range of 0.5-128 microg/kg showed an excitatory-inhibitory effect on the firing rate of pyramidal neurons in mPFC of sham-lesioned rats. At lower doses, 0.5-32 microg/kg, it evoked excitation of the neurons, and at a high dose, i.e. 128 microg/kg, inhibited the activity of the neurons. In contrast to sham-lesioned rats, 8-OH-DPAT, at the same doses, showed no excitatory effect in the lesioned rats although the inhibitory phase of the effect of 8-OH-DPAT on the firing rate of pyramidal neurons in mPFC was still present. Furthermore, the local application of 8-OH-DPAT, 5 microg, in mPFC inhibited the firing rate of pyramidal neurons in sham-lesioned rats, while having no effect on firing rate in the lesioned rats. The excitatory or inhibitory effects of 8-OH-DPAT were reversed by WAY-100635, indicating that these effects are mediated by 5-HT(1A) receptor. Altogether, these results indicate that the lesion of the SNc leads to hyperactivity of pyramidal neurons in mPFC and the abnormality of response of these neurons to 5-HT(1A) receptor stimulation, suggesting that mPFC may be involved in the pathophysiology of the psychiatric disturbance of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yan Ta Xi Lu 76, Xi'an 710061, China
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Crack PJ, Cimdins K, Ali U, Hertzog PJ, Iannello RC. Lack of glutathione peroxidase-1 exacerbates Abeta-mediated neurotoxicity in cortical neurons. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:645-57. [PMID: 16252075 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2005] [Accepted: 06/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aetiologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are complex and multifactorial. Current therapies are largely ineffective, as the pathophysiological pathways are poorly understood. Observations in AD autopsies, as well as in vivo and in vitro observations in transgenic mice, have implicated oxidative stress as pathogenic in AD. This study used the Glutathione Peroxidase-1 knockout mouse (Gpx1--/--) model to investigate the role of antioxidant disparity in neuropathologies. Cultured neurons from control and Gpx1--/-- embryos were treated with AD-related peptides and the degree of cell loss compared. Results show that antioxidant disparity makes Gpx1--/-- cells more susceptible to Abeta toxicity. Surrogate replacement of Gpx1 with the reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetyl cysteine and the Gpx1 mimetic ebselen, reverses the Gpx1--/-- increased susceptibility to Abeta toxicity. Such results support a role for oxidative stress in AD-related neuronal loss. This study is the first to report such findings using the Gpx1--/-- model, and supports a role for oxidative stress as one of the contributing factors, in development of AD-like pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Crack
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Human Disease, Monash Institute of Reproduction and Development, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Rao S, Ali U. Systemic fungal infections in neonates. J Postgrad Med 2005; 51 Suppl 1:S27-9. [PMID: 16519252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in neonatal management have led to considerable improvement in newborn survival. However, early (<72 hours) and late (>72 hours) onset systemic infections, both bacterial and fungal, remain a devastating complication and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in these babies. Most neonatal fungal infections are due to Candida species, particularly Candida albicans. The sources of candidiasis in NICU are often endogenous following colonization of the babies with fungi. About 10% of these babies get colonized in first week of life and up to 64% babies get colonized by 4 weeks of hospital stay. Disseminated candidiasis presents like bacterial sepsis and can involve multiple organs such as the kidneys, brain, eye, liver, spleen, bone, joints, meninges and heart. Confirming the diagnosis by laboratory tests is difficult and a high index of suspicion is required. The diagnosis of fungemia can be made definitely only by recovering the organism from blood or other sterile bodily fluid. Amphotericin B continues to be the mainstay of therapy for systemic fungal infections but its use is limited by the risks of nephrotoxicity and hypokalemia. Newer formulations of amphotericin B, namely the liposomal and the lipid complex forms, have recently become available and have been reported to have lesser toxicity. More recently Indian liposomal Amphotericin B derived from neutral lipids (L-Amp-LRC-1) has shown good response with less toxicity. A clinical trial with this preparation has shown to be safe and efficacious in neonatal fungal infections. Compared to other liposomal preparations, L-Amp-LRC-1 is effective at lower dose and is less expensive drug for the treatment of neonatal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, BJ Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, India.
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Regev A, Reddy KR, Berho M, Sleeman D, Levi JU, Livingstone AS, Levi D, Ali U, Molina EG, Schiff ER. Large cystic lesions of the liver in adults: a 15-year experience in a tertiary center. J Am Coll Surg 2001; 193:36-45. [PMID: 11442252 DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(01)00865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic lesions of the liver consist of a heterogeneous group of disorders and may present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Large hepatic cysts tend to be symptomatic and can cause complications more often than smaller ones. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective review of adults diagnosed with large (> or = 4 cm) hepatic cystic lesions at our center, over a period of 15 years. Polycystic disease and abscesses were not included. RESULTS Seventy-eight patients were identified. In 57 the lesions were simple cysts, in 8 echinococcal cysts, in 8 hepatobiliary cystadenomas, and in 1 hepatobiliary cystadenocarcinoma. In four patients, the precise diagnosis could not be ascertained. Mean size was 12.1 cm (range, 4 to 30 cm). Most simple cysts were found in women (F:M, 49:8). Bleeding into a cyst (two patients) and infection (one patient) were rare manifestations. Percutaneous aspiration of 28 simple cysts resulted in recurrence in 100% of the cases within 3 weeks to 9 months (mean 4(1/2) months). Forty-eight patients were treated surgically by wide unroofing or resection (laparoscopically in 18), which resulted in low recurrence rates (11% for laparoscopy and 13% for open unroofing). Four of the eight patients with echinococcal cysts were symptomatic. All were treated by open resection after irrigation of the cavity with hypertonic saline. There was no recurrence during a followup period of 2 to 14 years. Hepatobiliary cystadenomas occurred more commonly in women (F:M, 7:1) and in the left hepatic lobe (left:right, 8:0). Seven were multiloculated. All were treated by open resection, with no recurrence, and none had malignant changes. Cystadenocarcinoma was diagnosed in a 77-year-old man, and was treated by left hepatic lobectomy. CONCLUSIONS Large symptomatic simple cysts invariably recur after percutaneous aspiration. Laparoscopic unroofing can be successfully undertaken, with a low recurrence rate. Open resection after irrigation with hypertonic saline is a safe and effective treatment for echinococcal cysts. Hepatobiliary cystadenomas have predilection for women and for the left hepatic lobe. Malignant transformation is an uncommon but real risk. Open resection is a safe and effective treatment for hepatobiliary cystadenoma, and is associated with a low recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Regev
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL, USA
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Provenzale JM, Ali U, Barboriak DP, Kallmes DF, Delong DM, McLendon RE. Comparison of patient age with MR imaging features of gangliogliomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174:859-62. [PMID: 10701639 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.174.3.1740859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare MR imaging features of gangliogliomas in children less than 10 years old with those seen in patients at least 10 years old. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study population consisted of 15 female patients and 10 male patients with a mean age of 20 years. The early childhood group was composed of six children with a mean age of 5.5 years. The older group was composed of 19 patients with a mean age of 25.6 years. We assessed tumor volume, tumor location, percentage of tumor that was cystic, pattern of contrast enhancement, and degree of edema. RESULTS The temporal lobe was the most common tumor location in both groups. Mean tumor volume in the early childhood group was 83 cm3, which was significantly larger than the mean tumor volume (9.78 cm3) for the older group (p = 0.001). Cystic tumors were more common in the early childhood group (83%) than in the older group (63%), and the average percentage of cysts in the cystic tumors was much higher in the early childhood group (67%) than in the older group (30%). Contrast enhancement was seen in five of six early childhood tumors and 13 of 16 tumors in older patients. Four of six tumors in the early childhood group and five of 19 tumors in the older patient group had associated edema. CONCLUSION The mean tumor volume of gangliogliomas in the early childhood group was significantly larger than that of the older patient group. This finding may be indicative of differences in tumor growth patterns in the two groups, ability of the hemicranium to adjust to mass effect in childhood, or sampling error as a result of a relatively small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Provenzale
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3808, USA
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47
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Deshpande P, Ali U. Primary Fanconi syndrome. Indian Pediatr 1997; 34:547-9. [PMID: 9357213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Deshpande
- Department of Pediatrics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Bombay
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48
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Mehta K, Tirthani D, Ali U. Urinary red cell morphology to detect site of hematuria. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31:1039-45. [PMID: 7533746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We studied the urinary RBC morphology in 87 consecutive cases of significant hematuria by 3 commonly used methods: (a) light microscopy of the unstained urinary sediment; (b) phase contrast microscopy of the unstained urinary sediment; and (c) Wright's staining of the urinary sediment, in order to compare the sensitivity of these methods in detecting dysmorphic RBCs and thus predicting the site of hematuria. The clinical data and the relevant investigations were made available after the morphology of RBCs in the urine was identified. Out of the 87 patients, 45 had a glomerular and 42 had a nonglomerular cause o hematuria. Phase contrast microscopy showed a sensitivity of 91.1%, Wright's stain of 82.2% and light microscopy of 66.7% in detecting a glomerular source of hematuria. Nonglomerular hematuria could be detected in 92.9% cases by each of the 3 methods. It is concluded that phase contrast microscopy is most sensitive for the detection of dysmorphic RBCs in the urine, Wright's stain nearly as sensitive whilst light microscopy of the unstained sediment is least sensitive. Urinary RBC morphology is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of hematuria and saves the patients from unnecessary investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mehta
- Nephrology Division, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children and Research Centre, Parel, Bombay
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Seal A, Mehta K, Puri V, Ali U, Merchant R. Pseudohypoparathyroidism. Indian Pediatr 1992; 29:1547-9. [PMID: 1291501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Seal
- Department of Pediatrics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Bombay
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Date U, Kaushik RV, Ali U, Mehta KP. Urinary concentrating capacity in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Indian Pediatr 1990; 27:1095-8. [PMID: 2090597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Date
- Nephrology Division, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Bombay
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