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Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Humans: A Comprehensive Approach Involving the General Population, HIV-Infected Patients and Intermediate-Duration Fever in the Canary Islands, Spain. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:809. [PMID: 38667455 PMCID: PMC11049236 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14080809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A prior investigation in 1993 identified a high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis (63%) in the Canary Islands. This study aims to assess the current prevalence of the disease in diverse population groups. The study was based on a population-scale screening involving 273 residents utilizing T. gondii IgG ELISA and a 20 year retrospective study (1998-2018). This included AIDS/HIV outpatients (1357, of which 324 were residents), AIDS/HIV hospitalized patients (741) and patients with fever of intermediate duration (158). The seroprevalence in the resident population was 37%, with significant differences between islands. Among resident outpatients with AIDS/HIV, 14.2% had specific anti-T. gondii IgG, and three had anti-T. gondii IgM; however, IgG avidity testing indicated non-active infection. In patients hospitalized for AIDS/HIV, T. gondii causing encephalitis was detected in 2%. Among patients with fever of intermediate duration, 28.5% were positive for T. gondii IgG, and four also showed IgM positivity, although the infection was non-active. The study reveals a decrease in human toxoplasmosis over the past 30 years. However, the current seroprevalence, which stands at 37%, together with the substantial risk that T. gondii represents for immunocompromised individuals, highlights the need to implement preventive and control strategies to control the threat that this infection can pose to public health in the Canary Islands population.
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[Gram staining of blood cultures from an oncologic patient]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2024; 37:110-111. [PMID: 38099434 PMCID: PMC10874665 DOI: 10.37201/req/083.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
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[Clostridium baratii peritonitis in a cirrhotic patient]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2022; 35:579-580. [PMID: 36264630 PMCID: PMC9728605 DOI: 10.37201/req/051.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abscessed cellulitis with a sporotrichoid pattern that does not yield to antibiotic treatment. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2021; 39:411-412. [PMID: 34362704 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Abstract
To document the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of murine typhus patients in the Canary Islands (Spain), we analyzed data that were retrospectively collected for 16 years for 221 patients. Murine typhus in the Canary Islands is characterized by a high rate of complications (31.6%), mainly liver, lung, kidney or central nervous system involvement.
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Abscessed cellulitis with a sporotrichoid pattern that does not yield to antibiotic treatment. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2021; 39:S0213-005X(21)00007-0. [PMID: 33546813 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Obstrucción nasal en paciente marroquí. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2019; 37:542-543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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[Peritonitis by Clostridium innocuum associated to peritoneal dialysiss]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2019; 32:192-193. [PMID: 30868838 PMCID: PMC6441992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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[Intra-fascial abscess by Bacillus cereus]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2019; 32:93-94. [PMID: 30630307 PMCID: PMC6372955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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[Pacemaker infection with Mycobacterium neoaurum]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2018; 31:379-382. [PMID: 29947483 PMCID: PMC6172685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shewanella spp. infections in Gran Canaria, Spain: retrospective analysis of 31 cases and a literature review. JMM Case Rep 2017; 4:e005131. [PMID: 29623211 PMCID: PMC5857365 DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shewanella spp. can cause severe skin and soft-tissue infections, gastrointestinal infections, otitis and bacteraemia, generally upon contact with seawater or consumption of raw seafood. Recently, a new condition termed 'patera foot' characterized by acute skin and soft-tissue infection has been described in irregular immigrants arriving to the Canary Islands, Spain, in rudimentary boats. Most infections are caused by a single species, Shewanella algae. The improvement of the diagnostic capabilities in clinical microbiology laboratories has resulted in a growing number of cases being reported worldwide, most of them coming from warm regions. CASE PRESENTATION In this work, we reviewed the medical records of all the patients with Shewanella infections in the two university hospitals of Gran Canaria (the Canary Islands, Spain) during the period 2000-2016, resulting in the identification of 31 cases. We also conducted a literature review of Shewanella infections reported worldwide in recent years. CONCLUSION This case series suggests that Shewanella infections are nosocomially acquired more frequently than previously thought. In addition, the unexpectedly high proportion of multidrug-resistant isolates raises concerns.
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Detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA in Peridomestic and Wild Animals and Ticks in an Endemic Region (Canary Islands, Spain). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:630-634. [PMID: 28759337 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2017.2120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of human Q fever, can infect mammals, birds, and arthropods. The Canary Islands (Spain) are considered an endemic territory, with a high prevalence in both humans and livestock. Nonetheless, there is no epidemiological information about the wild and peridomestic cycles of C. burnetii. Tissue samples from rodents on farms (100) and wild rabbits (129) were collected and assessed by PCR to detect C. burnetii DNA. In parallel, ticks were also collected from vegetation (1169), livestock (335), domestic dogs (169), and wild animals (65). Globally, eight rodents (8%) and two rabbits (1.5%) were found to be positive, with the spleen being the most affected organ. Tick species identified were Hyalomma lusitanicum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Rhipicephalus pusillus. Hyalomma lusitanicum (80%) was the main species identified in vegetation, livestock, and wild animals, whereas Rhipicephalus sanguineus was the most prevalent in domestic dogs. Overall, C. burnetii DNA was detected in 6.1% of the processed ticks, distributed between those removed from livestock (11.3%), domestic dogs (6.9%), and from wild animals (6%). Ticks from vegetation were all negative. Results suggest that, in the Canary Islands, C. burnetii develops in a peridomestic rather than a wild cycle.
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Infección de un quiste sebáceo por Actinomyces europaeus. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2016; 34:324-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Usefulness of the early molecular diagnosis of Q fever and rickettsial diseases in patients with fever of intermediate duration. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2016; 35:655-658. [PMID: 27026285 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Most cases of fever of intermediate duration (FDI) in Spain are associated with infectious diseases (mainly Q fever and rickettsia infections). In clinical practice, the causal diagnosis of these entities is based on immunodiagnostic techniques, which are of little help in the early stages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of molecular techniques for the early diagnosis of Q fever and rickettsia diseases in patients with FDI. A PCR method was used to detect the presence of genetic material of Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia spp. in blood specimens from 271 patients with FDI. The specificity of both techniques is high, allowing diagnosis in cases undiagnosed by specific antibodies detection. These data suggest that the use of molecular techniques, with proper selection of the study specimen, and using appropriate primers is a useful tool in the early diagnosis of the main causes of FDI, especially if serology is negative or inconclusive.
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Queratitis en un paciente anciano. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2015; 33:355-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aislamiento de micobacterias de crecimiento rápido a partir de muestras de piel y tejidos blandos. Una etiología a tener en cuenta. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2014; 32:692-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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[Spondylodiscitis by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (group G)]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2014; 27:130-131. [PMID: 24940896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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[Keratitis due to Moraxella lacunata: a case report]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2013; 26:164-165. [PMID: 23817656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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[Femoral pseudoaneurysm by Streptococcus pneumoniae]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2012; 25:297-298. [PMID: 23303264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Seroprevalence of Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia conorii infections in the Canary Islands (Spain). Int J Infect Dis 2011; 15:e481-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Compartmental syndrome of the upper limb due to Moraxella lacunata infection: a link to patera foot syndrome? Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14 Suppl 3:e302-4. [PMID: 20627787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of compartmental syndrome of the left upper limb secondary to a severe Moraxella lacunata infection, an unusual pathogen, occurring in a young black male immigrant to the island of Gran Canaria, Spain. We propose a pathophysiological relationship with patera foot syndrome.
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[Assessment of a hand hygiene program on healthcare-associated infection control]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 25:215-22. [PMID: 20456994 DOI: 10.1016/j.cali.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM to assess the impact of a hand hygiene campaign on the rate of healthcare-associated infections in a teaching hospital in Las Palmas. METHODS Ecological design by hand hygiene frequency measurement at three high risk areas along with infection rates calculation over four periods of time: baseline (2005), phase 1 (2006), phase 2 (2007), and post-intervention (2008). Multi-modal intervention comprised the introduction of alcoholic solutions for rubbing hands, feedback on observed compliance, design and placement of posters, and healthcare workers training through all clinician areas. Variables measurement was carried out according to standardized criteria. RESULTS an increase in hand hygiene compliance was achieved over the tree periods of compliance surveillance, from 19.6% at baseline to 40.0% (p<0.001) at the last period. The increase was higher among those opportunities for hand hygiene considered as high risk for pathogen transmission (from 12.0% to 28.4%; p<0.001), but only after phase 1, and for medium risk opportunities. Infection rates did not low in every area under surveillance, especially prevalence of infected patients, which increased from 8% in 2005 to 12.2% in 2008. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increase in adherence to hand hygiene at the areas under surveillance, health-care associated infections were not lowered hospital-wide. A more comprehensive strategy should be implemented, increasing managers and directors support in every task related to infection control.
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Abstract
An unusual skin and soft tissue infection of the lower limbs has been observed in immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa who cross the Atlantic Ocean crowded on small fishing boats (pateras). Response to conventional treatment is usually poor. Extreme extrinsic factors (including new pathogens) may contribute to the etiology of the infection and its pathogenesis.
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[Effect of surveillance on surgical site infection rate in knee and hip arthroplasty]. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207:489-94. [PMID: 17988594 DOI: 10.1157/13111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether continuous surveillance of hospital-associated infections with regular feedback to the staff reduces the infection rate in orthopedic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective surveillance in two time periods in an orthopedic surgery department at a Spanish university hospital. Two infection control nurses and an epidemiologist surveyed all patients over a 3-year period for infections and potential risk factors. After an initial 24-month period (period A), surveillance for 12 months was conducted (period B). Between them adherence to recommendations was reinforced. MAIN RESULTS A total of 1,088 patients were surveyed. In period A, 3.3% of all operations were followed by an infection, compared with 2.0% in period B (p = 0.14). Adherence to recommended schedule of surgical prophylaxis increased from 8.7% in the first year to 32.7% in the last year (p < 0,001). We also determined the NNIS (National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance) index risk in 383 patients, the NNIS index-risk 2 being more frequent in period A (16.8%) than in period B (5.4%) (p<0.001). Renal failure frequency was higher in period A (3.4% vs. 1.6%; p = 0.04). However, diabetes and neoplasms were the same in both periods. In period B, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (14.6 vs. 11.0; p = 0.05) and obesity (12.8 vs. 10.3; p = 0.12) predominated. The means for surgical intervention, hospital stay, and age, were very similar in both periods. CONCLUSIONS Surveillance of hospital-associated infections including regular feedback to the staff is accompanied by a reduction in infection rates, possibly with lower cost and most patient safety. Therefore, such a surveillance program for orthopedic surgery department seems to be beneficial.
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Efecto de la vigilancia sobre la tasa de infección de la herida quirúrgica en prótesis de cadera y rodilla. Rev Clin Esp 2007; 207:388-93. [PMID: 17688865 DOI: 10.1157/13108756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether continuous surveillance of hospital-associated infections with regular feedback to the staff reduces the infection rate in orthopedic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective surveillance in two periods of time in an orthopedic surgery department at a Spanish university hospital. Two infection control nurses and an epidemiologist surveyed all patients over a 3-year period for infections and potential risk factors. After an initial 24-month period (period A), surveillance for 12 months was conducted (period B). Between these periods, adherence to recommendations was reinforced. RESULTS A total of 1,088 patients were surveyed. In period A, 3.3% of all operations were followed by an infection, compared with 2.0% in period B (p = 0.14). Adherence to recommended schedule of surgical prophylaxis increased from 8.7% in the first year to 32,7% in the last year (p = 0.001). We also determined the NNIS (National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance) index risk in 383 patients, with the NNIS index-risk 2 as more frequent in period A (16.8%) than the period B (5.4%) (p < 0.001). Renal failure frequency was higher in period A (3.4% vs. 1.6%; p = 0.04). However, diabetes and neoplasms were the same in both periods. In period B, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.6 vs. 11.0; p = 0.05) and obesity (12.8 vs. 10.3; p = 0.12) predominated. The means for surgical intervention, hospital stay, and age, were very similar in both periods. CONCLUSIONS Surveillance of hospital-associated infections including regular feedback to the staff is accompanied by a reduction in infection rates, possibly with lower cost and more patient safety. Thus, such a surveillance program for orthopedic surgery department seems to be beneficial.
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[Rapid detection of an outbreak of bronchoscopy-associated colonization by Serratia marcescens]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2007; 25:222-4. [PMID: 17335708 DOI: 10.1016/s0213-005x(07)74270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Surveillance and risk factors on hysterectomy wound infection rate in Gran Canaria, Spain. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2007; 136:232-8. [PMID: 17337107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surveillance programs for nosocomial infection control may find out opportunities for improvement. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of surgical site infection and their potential risk factors after hysterectomy in a tertiary hospital in Gran Canaria, Spain. STUDY DESIGN Prospective study on patients undergoing abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy between 1st June 2000 and 31st December 2004. Surgical site infection incidence rates were calculated according to procedure, and National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system risk categories. We also reviewed antimicrobial prophylaxis use and morbidity. To determine associate risk factors a multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 1540 women were surveyed; neoplasm (30.5%), obesity (24.3%), and diabetes (16.2%) grouped the main morbidity. About 81 cases (5.2%) met criteria for postoperative surgical site infection (6.0% for abdominal procedure and 3.1% for vaginal procedure). Most patients (86.4%) had adequate antimicrobial prophylaxis, but inadequacy was more frequent by vaginal (17.6%) than abdominal procedure (12.0%) (p=0.005). NNIS high-risk patients had significantly higher infection rates than did low-risk patients (p=0.01). The most common causative organism isolated was Escherichia coli (17.5%). Multivariate analysis showed obesity, inadequate antimicrobial prophylaxis, and abdominal procedure as the main risk factors. CONCLUSION Rate of surgical site infection is high. Enhanced and multidisciplinary efforts are needed.
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Intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash implicated in a nosocomial outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia colonization and infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 27:1281-2. [PMID: 17080395 DOI: 10.1086/508845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Baja incidencia de aspergilosis invasiva en un área hospitalaria en obras. Med Clin (Barc) 2006; 127:595. [PMID: 17145019 DOI: 10.1157/13094012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Diagnóstico del paciente con fiebre importada. Med Clin (Barc) 2006; 127:158. [PMID: 16831401 DOI: 10.1157/13090387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Outbreak of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infections on the island of Gran Canaria associated with the consumption of inadequately pasteurized cheese. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 25:242-6. [PMID: 16550347 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-006-0119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infections are infrequent in humans. A clinical and epidemiological study of a milk-borne outbreak caused by this organism is described. Fifteen patients (5 females, 10 males) with a median age of 70 years (range 47-86) were infected. Twelve (80%) had underlying diseases. Infection with S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus presented as primary bacteremia in six cases, as bacteremia associated with aortic aneurism in four cases, as septic arthritis in two cases, as pneumonia in two cases, and as meningitis in one case. Five (33.3%) patients died. A case-control study proved that consumption of inadequately pasteurized cheese of a specific brand was associated with S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus disease (OR=4.5; 95% CI 1.57-19.27; p<0.001). This outbreak serves as a reminder that S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus causes serious infections that are usually zoonoses. Identification of beta-hemolytic streptococci to the species level to detect contaminated foods of animal origin is important for preventing new food-borne outbreaks. For a precise characterization of the isolates, the application of molecular markers is recommended.
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