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Majima M, Matsuda Y, Watanabe SI, Ohtaki Y, Hosono K, Ito Y, Amano H. Prostanoids Regulate Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Pathological Conditions. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024:a041182. [PMID: 38565267 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from the preexistent microvasculature, is an essential component of wound repair and tumor growth. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that suppress prostanoid biosynthesis are known to suppress the incidence and progression of malignancies including colorectal cancers, and also to delay the wound healing. However, the precise mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Accumulated results obtained from prostanoid receptor knockout mice indicate that a prostaglandin E-type receptor signaling EP3 in the host microenvironment is critical in tumor angiogenesis inducing vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). Further, lymphangiogenesis was also enhanced by EP signaling via VEGF-C/D inductions in pathological settings. These indicate the importance of EP receptor to facilitate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in vivo. Prostanoids act beyond their commonly understood activities in smooth muscle contraction and vasoactivity, both of which are quick responses elicited within several seconds on stimulations. Prostanoid receptor signaling will be a potential therapeutic target for disease conditions related to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsuda
- Department of Life Support Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Health Sciences, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Ohtaki
- Department of Human Sensing, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Hosono K, Yamashita A, Tanabe M, Ito Y, Majima M, Tsujikawa K, Amano H. Deletion of RAMP1 Signaling Enhances Diet-induced Obesity and Fat Absorption via Intestinal Lacteals in Mice. In Vivo 2024; 38:160-173. [PMID: 38148085 PMCID: PMC10756442 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Intestinal lymphatic vessels (lacteals) play a critical role in the absorption and transport of dietary lipids into the circulation. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) are involved in lymphatic vessel growth. This study aimed to examine the role of RAMP1 signaling in lacteal morphology and function in response to a high-fat diet (HFD). MATERIALS AND METHODS RAMP1 deficient (RAMP1-/-) or wild-type (WT) mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or HFD for 8 weeks. RESULTS RAMP1-/- mice fed a HFD had increased body weights compared to WT mice fed a HFD, which was associated with high levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose. HFD-fed RAMP1-/- mice had shorter and wider lacteals than HFD-fed WT mice. HFD-fed RAMP1-/- mice had lower levels of lymphatic endothelial cell gene markers including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) and lymphatic vascular growth factor VEGF-C than HFD-fed WT mice. The concentration of an absorbed lipid tracer in HFD-fed RAMP1-/- mice was higher than that in HFD-fed WT mice. The zipper-like continuous junctions were predominant in HFD-fed WT mice, while the button-like discontinuous junctions were predominant in HFD-fed RAMP1-/- mice. CONCLUSION Deletion of RAMP1 signaling suppressed lacteal growth and VEGF-C/VEGFR3 expression but accelerated the uptake and transport of dietary fats through discontinuous junctions of lacteals, leading to excessive obesity. Specific activation of RAMP1 signaling may represent a target for the therapeutic management of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan;
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
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Mishima T, Hosono K, Tanabe M, Ito Y, Majima M, Narumiya S, Miyaji K, Amano H. Thromboxane prostanoid signaling in macrophages attenuates lymphedema and facilitates lymphangiogenesis in mice : TP signaling and lymphangiogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7981-7993. [PMID: 37540456 PMCID: PMC10520203 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid (AA) metabolite, enhances lymphangiogenesis in response to inflammation. However, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), another AA metabolite, is not well known. Thus, this study aimed to determine the role of thromboxane prostanoid (TP) signaling in lymphangiogenesis in secondary lymphedema. METHODS AND RESULTS Lymphedema was induced by the ablation of lymphatic vessels in mouse tails. Compared with wild-type mice, tail lymphedema in Tp-deficient mice was enhanced, which was associated with suppressed lymphangiogenesis as indicated by decreased lymphatic vessel area and pro-lymphangiogenesis-stimulating factors. Numerous macrophages were found in the tail tissues of Tp-deficient mice. Furthermore, the deletion of TP in macrophages increased tail edema and decreased lymphangiogenesis and pro-lymphangiogenic cytokines, which was accompanied by increased numbers of macrophages and gene expression related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in tail tissues. In vivo microscopic studies revealed fluorescent dye leakage in the lymphatic vessels in the wounded tissues. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that TP signaling in macrophages promotes lymphangiogenesis and prevents tail lymphedema. TP signaling may be a therapeutic target for improving lymphedema-related symptoms by enhancing lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Mishima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kagami Miyaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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Furue A, Hattori K, Hosono K, Tanabe M, Sato E, Honda M, Sekiguchi K, Ito Y, Majima M, Narumiya S, Kato K, Amano H. Inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometriosis growth and neovascularization. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:192. [PMID: 37654213 PMCID: PMC10502949 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is highly dependent on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been shown to promote the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels. However, the role of another arachidonic acid metabolite, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during endometriosis remains largely unexplored. Using a murine model of ectopic endometrial transplantation, fragments from the endometrium of WT donor mice were transplanted into the peritoneal walls of recipient WT mice (WT→WT), resulting in an increase in both the area and density of blood and lymphatic vessels. Upon transplantation of endometrial tissue from thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor (TXA2 receptor)‑deficient (TP‑/‑) mice into TP‑/‑ mice (TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑), an increase in implant growth, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis were observed along with upregulation of pro‑angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Similar results were obtained using a thromboxane synthase (TXS) inhibitor in WT→WT mice. Furthermore, TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑ mice had a higher number of F4/80+ cells than that of WT→WT mice, with increased expression of genes related to the anti‑inflammatory macrophage phenotype in endometrial lesions. In cultured bone marrow (BM)‑derived macrophages, the levels of VEGF‑A, VEGF‑C, and VEGF‑D decreased in a TP‑dependent manner. Furthermore, TP signaling affected the polarization of cultured BM‑derived macrophages to the anti‑inflammatory phenotype. These findings imply that inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometrial implant growth and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Furue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Erina Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masako Honda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Amano H, Eshima K, Ito Y, Nakamura M, Kitasato H, Ogawa F, Hosono K, Iwabuchi K, Uematsu S, Akira S, Narumiya S, Majima M. The microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1/prostaglandin E2 axis induces recovery from ischaemia via recruitment of regulatory T cells. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1218-1233. [PMID: 35986688 PMCID: PMC10411941 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induces angiogenesis through the prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP1-4). Among immune cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), which inhibit immune responses, have been implicated in angiogenesis, and PGE2 is known to modulate the function and differentiation of Tregs. We hypothesized that mPGES-1/PGE2-EP signalling could contribute to recovery from ischaemic conditions by promoting the accumulation of Tregs. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type (WT), mPGES-1-deficient (mPges-1-/-), and EP4 receptor-deficient (Ep4-/-) male mice, 6-8 weeks old, were used. Hindlimb ischaemia was induced by femoral artery ligation. Recovery from ischaemia was suppressed in mPges-1-/- mice and compared with WT mice. The number of accumulated forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3)+ cells in ischaemic muscle tissue was decreased in mPges-1-/- mice compared with that in WT mice. Expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in ischaemic tissue were also suppressed in mPges-1-/- mice. The number of accumulated FoxP3+ cells and blood flow recovery were suppressed when Tregs were depleted by injecting antibody against folate receptor 4 in WT mice but not in mPges-1-/- mice. Recovery from ischaemia was significantly suppressed in Ep4-/- mice compared with that in WT mice. Furthermore, mRNA levels of Foxp3 and Tgf-β were suppressed in Ep4-/- mice. Moreover, the number of accumulated FoxP3+ cells in ischaemic tissue was diminished in Ep4-/- mice compared with that in Ep4+/+ mice. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that mPGES-1/PGE2 induced neovascularization from ischaemia via EP4 by promoting the accumulation of Tregs. Highly selective EP4 agonists could be useful for the treatment of peripheral artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ogawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- Department of Immunology and Genomics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
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Majima M, Hosono K, Ito Y, Amano H, Nagashima Y, Matsuda Y, Watanabe SI, Nishimura H. A biologically active lipid, thromboxane, as a regulator of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114831. [PMID: 37150029 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Thromboxane (TX) and prostaglandins are metabolites of arachidonic acid, a twenty-carbon unsaturated fatty acid, and have a variety of actions that are exerted via specific receptors. Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vascular beds and is a critical component of pathological conditions, including inflammation and cancer. Lymphatic vessels play crucial roles in the regulation of interstitial fluid, immune surveillance, and the absorption of dietary fat from the intestine; and they are also involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Similar to angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, the formation of new lymphatic vessels, is a critical component of pathological conditions. The TP-dependent accumulation of platelets in microvessels has been reported to enhance angiogenesis under pathological conditions. Although the roles of some growth factors and cytokines in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis have been well characterized, accumulating evidence suggests that TX induces the production of proangiogenic and prolymphangiogenic factors through the activation of adenylate cyclase, and upregulates angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis under disease conditions. In this review, we discuss the role of TX as a regulator of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, and its emerging importance as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Nagashima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan; Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsuda
- Department of Life Support Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Health Sciences, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Hironobu Nishimura
- Department of Biological Information, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
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Satoh M, Iizuka M, Majima M, Ohwa C, Hattori A, Van Kaer L, Iwabuchi K. Adipose invariant NKT cells interact with CD1d-expressing macrophages to regulate obesity-related inflammation. Immunology 2022; 165:414-427. [PMID: 35137411 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is accompanied by and accelerated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This low-level inflammation predisposes the host to the development of metabolic disease, most notably type 2 diabetes. We have focused on the capacity of glycolipid-reactive, CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells to modulate obesity and its associated metabolic sequelae. We previously reported that CD1d knockout (KO) mice are partially protected against the development of obesity-associated insulin-resistance, and these findings were recapitulated in mice with an adipocyte-specific CD1d deficiency, suggesting that NKT cell-adipocyte interactions play a critical role in exacerbating disease. However, many other CD1d-expressing cells contribute to the in vivo responses of NKT cells to lipid antigens. In the present study, we examined the role of CD1d expression by macrophages (Mϕ) to the development of obesity-associated metabolic inflammation using LysMcre-cd1d1f/f mice where the CD1d1 gene is disrupted in a Mϕ-specific manner. Unexpectedly, these animals contained a higher frequency of T-bet+ CD4+ T cells in VAT with increased production of Th1-cytokines that aggravated VAT inflammation. Mϕ from mutant mice displayed increased production of IL-12p40, suggesting M1 polarization. These findings indicate that interactions of CD1d on Mϕ with NKT cells play a beneficial role in obesity-associated VAT inflammation and insulin resistance with a sharp contrast to an aggravating role of CD1d on another type of antigen presenting cell, dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Satoh
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine.,Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Misao Iizuka
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine.,Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,School of Health and Medical Sciences, Kanagawa Institute of Technology (KAIT), Atsugi, Japan
| | - Chizuru Ohwa
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Akito Hattori
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine.,Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University
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Yamane S, Amano H, Ito Y, Betto T, Matsui Y, Koizumi W, Narumiya S, Majima M. The role of thromboxane prostanoid receptor signaling in gastric ulcer healing. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:4-12. [PMID: 34655121 PMCID: PMC8781669 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of gastric ulcer healing includes cell migration, proliferation, angiogenesis and re-epithelialization. Platelets contain angiogenesis stimulating factors that induce angiogenesis. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2 ) not only induces platelet activity but also angiogenesis. This study investigated the role of TXA2 in gastric ulcer healing using TXA2 receptor knockout (TPKO) mice. Gastric ulcer healing was suppressed by treatment with the TXA2 synthase inhibitor OKY-046 and the TXA2 receptor antagonist S-1452 compared with vehicle-treated mice. TPKO showed delayed gastric ulcer healing compared with wild-type mice (WT). The number of microvessels and CD31 expression were lower in TPKO than in WT mice, and TPKO suppressed the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in areas around gastric ulcers. Immunofluorescence assays showed that TGF-β and VEGF-A co-localized with platelets. Gastric ulcer healing was significantly reduced in WT mice transplanted with TPKO compared with WT bone marrow. These results suggested that TP signalling on platelets facilitates gastric ulcer healing through TGF-β and VEGF-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Yamane
- Department of PharmacologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of PharmacologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of PharmacologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of PharmacologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenterologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshio Matsui
- Department of GastroenterologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of GastroenterologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of GastroenterologyDrug Discovery MedicineKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of PharmacologyThoracic Surgery Kitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
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Otaka F, Ito Y, Goto T, Kojo K, Tanabe M, Hosono K, Majima M, Koizumi W, Amano H. Recovery of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Following Monocrotaline-induced Liver Injury. In Vivo 2021; 35:2577-2587. [PMID: 34410945 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Although the pathology of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is characterized by damage to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), the processes underlying LSEC repair are incompletely understood. The angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie system contributes to angiogenesis. The present study aimed to examine the processes of LSEC repair and the involvement of the Ang/Tie pathway in LSEC recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimentally, SOS was induced by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT) to C57/BL6 mice. RESULTS Levels of LSEC markers were up-regulated during the repair phase of MCT-induced hepatotoxicity. The damaged LSECs recovered from the injury by expanding LSECs expressing lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) in the peri-central area of MCT-injured livers, while LSECs in the same area of uninjured livers lacked LYVE-1 expression. Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells did not incorporate into the restored LSECs. Tie2 expression was related to LSEC recovery in MCT-injured liver tissue. CONCLUSION The resident LSECs neighboring uninjured tissue replace damaged LSECs in MCT-injured livers. Tie2 is involved in LSEC recovery from MCT-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; .,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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10
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Sakai R, Tanaka E, Yamagishi M, Majima M, Harigai M. POS0730 DECREASED RISK OF OSTEONECROSIS OVER TIME IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS USING JAPANESE HEALTH INSURANCE DATABASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), prevalence of osteonecrosis (ON) was 20–40% 1, and 4–10 times higher risk of ON than the general population was observed 2,3. Because ON can influence patients’ physical activity and quality of life, it is essential for rheumatologists to manage ON appropriately. Recently, medications such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were approved for SLE in Japan. Considering the changes in treatments for SLE over time, it is clinically important to investigate the risk and risk factors of ON in patients with the disease. However, to date, only evidence is found in the literature.Objectives:To estimate incidence rate (IR) and identify risk factors of ON in patients with SLE using a Japanese health insurance database.Methods:This retrospective longitudinal population-based study was conducted using claims data provided by Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). We defined individuals as SLE cases if they met all of the following: 1) having at least one ICD10 code (M321 or M329); 2) having at least one prescription of oral corticosteroids (CS), methylprednisolone (mPSL) pulse therapy, immunosuppressive drugs (IS) (azathioprine, mizoribine, tacrolimus, MMF, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate), biologics (belimumab, rituximab) or HCQ between January 2010 and January 2017; 3) being 16 years old or over. The start of observation was defined by the first month in which cases met all of the above criteria. Patients were followed until the earliest of date of first ON, date of loss of follow-up, or the end of follow-up (December 2017). ON was defined when patients had at least one ICD code (M87.0, M87.1, M87.2, M87.3, M87.8, M87.9, M90.5) during the observation period. Patients were excluded if they had a previous diagnosis of ON during the first 3 months of the observation period. We defined baseline characteristics using the data in the month of starting observation, and calculated incidence rate (IR) in each year, adjusted relative risk (RR [95% CI]) of ON using a Poisson regression model, and adjusted odds ratio (OR [95% CI]) of risk factors of ON after adjusting for age and sex at baseline, and medications and comorbidities during the observation period using a logistic regression model.Results:In this study, 16,386 cases were included. The median age was 55 years and 81.3% were female. Median observation period was 33 months, and total observation period was 47,138 patient-years (PY). IR/1,000 PY of ON in each year from 2010 to 2017 was 13.2, 10.6, 11.0, 13.3, 13.1, 9.8, 8.5, and 7.3, respectively. Adjusted RR in each year from 2011 to 2017 compared to 2010 was 0.5 [0.2–1.4], 0.3 [0.1–0.9], 0.6 [0.3–1.4], 0.7 [0.3–1.6], 0.4 [0.2–0.8], 0.4 [0.2–0.8], and 0.3 [0.1–0.7], respectively. Adjusted OR was 1.22 [1.10–1.34] for younger age by decade, 1.41 [1.11–1.79] for male, 2.69 [1.52–4.76] for use of oral CS (> 0 and < 5 mg/day of prednisolone [PSL] equivalent dose versus no use), 2.21 [1.26–3.86] for oral CS (≥ 5 and < 10mg/day versus no use), and 1.25 [1.02–1.54] for dyslipidemia.Conclusion:Significant decrease in IR of ON after 2015 was observed in Japanese patients with SLE for the first time. Younger age, use of CS, and dyslipidemia were identified as significant risk factors of ON.References:[1]Rheumatology 2018;57(5):844-9.[2]BMJ Open. 2017;7(7):e016788.[3]Eur J Intern Med. 2016;35:e23-e4.Disclosure of Interests:Ryoko Sakai Speakers bureau: RS received fees from Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Grant/research support from: Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWMU), particularly the Division of Multidisciplinary Management of Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, has received unrestricted research grants from Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co.; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Eisai Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.; Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co.; and Teijin Pharma Ltd., with which TWMU paid the salaries of RS., Eiichi Tanaka Speakers bureau: ET has received lecture fees from Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Astellas Pharmaceutical, Ayumi Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Kyowa Pharma Chemical CO.,LTD., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Mochida Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD., Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Teijin Pharma Ltd., Consultant of: ET has received lecture fees from Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Astellas Pharmaceutical, Ayumi Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Kyowa Pharma Chemical CO.,LTD., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Mochida Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD., Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Teijin Pharma Ltd., Miku Yamagishi: None declared, masako majima: None declared, masayoshi harigai Speakers bureau: MH has received speaker’s fee from AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co.,Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Teijin Pharma Ltd., Consultant of: MH is a consultant for AbbVie, Boehringer-ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Teijin Pharma., Grant/research support from: MH has received research grants from AbbVie Japan GK, Asahi Kasei Corp., Astellas Pharma Inc., Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Daiichi-Sankyo, Inc., Eisai Co., Ltd., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Sekisui Medical, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Teijin Pharma Ltd.
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11
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Otaka F, Ito Y, Nakamoto S, Nishizawa N, Hyodo T, Hosono K, Majima M, Koizumi W, Amano H. Macrophages contribute to liver repair after monocrotaline-induced liver injury via SDF-1/CXCR4. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:668. [PMID: 33986833 PMCID: PMC8112113 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocrotaline (MCT) administration induces liver injury in rodents that mimics the pathology of human sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. MCT-induced SOS models are used to investigate the mechanism of injury and optimize treatment strategies. However, the processes underlying liver repair are largely unknown. Specifically, the role of macrophages, the key drivers of liver repair, has not been elucidated. The current study aimed to examine the role of macrophages in the repair of MCT-induced liver injury in male C57/BL6 mice. Maximal liver injury occurred at 48 h post-MCT treatment, followed by repair at 120 h post-treatment. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that CD68+ macrophages were recruited to the injured regions after MCT treatment. This was associated with the decreased expression of genes related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and the increased expression of those associated with a reparative macrophage phenotype during the repair phase. The results also revealed that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) were upregulated, and CD68+ macrophages were co-localized with CXCR4 expression. Treatment of mice with AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, delayed liver repair and increased the expression of genes related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. In contrast, SDF-1 treatment stimulated liver repair and increased the expression of genes related to a reparative macrophage phenotype. The results suggested that macrophages accumulate in the liver and repair damaged tissue after MCT treatment, and that the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis is involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hyodo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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12
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Matsuda H, Ito Y, Hosono K, Tsuru S, Inoue T, Nakamoto S, Kurashige C, Hirashima M, Narumiya S, Okamoto H, Majima M. Roles of Thromboxane Receptor Signaling in Enhancement of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Drainage Function in Diaphragm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1390-1407. [PMID: 33567865 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diaphragm/immunology
- Diaphragm/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Inflammation/chemically induced
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/physiopathology
- Lipopolysaccharides
- Lymphangiogenesis/drug effects
- Lymphatic Vessels/drug effects
- Lymphatic Vessels/metabolism
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2/genetics
- Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Thromboxane A2/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology (H.M., S.T., C.K., H.O.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seri Tsuru
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology (H.M., S.T., C.K., H.O.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (S.N.)
| | - Chie Kurashige
- Department of Anesthesiology (H.M., S.T., C.K., H.O.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Hirashima
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (S.N.)
| | - Hirotsugu Okamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology (H.M., S.T., C.K., H.O.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., T.I., S.N., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology (H.M., Y.I., K.H., S.T., M.M.), School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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13
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Otaka F, Ito Y, Goto T, Eshima K, Amano H, Koizumi W, Majima M. Platelets prevent the development of monocrotaline-induced liver injury in mice. Toxicol Lett 2020; 335:71-81. [PMID: 33122006 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Destruction of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) is an initial event in sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) that leads to accumulation of platelets in the liver. Herein, we explored the role of platelets during progression of experimental SOS induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in mice. Depletion of platelets using an anti-CD41 antibody or anti-thrombocyte serum exacerbated MCT-induced liver injury in C57BL/6 mice, as indicated by an increase in the alanine transaminase (ALT) level, which was associated with hemorrhagic necrosis. Thrombocytosis induced by thrombopoietin (TPO) or the TPO receptor agonist romiplostim (ROM) attenuated MCT-induced liver injury, as evidenced by lower levels of ALT and mRNA encoding matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9, and higher levels of mRNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and VEGFR3. The level of activated hepatic platelets was higher in TPO- and ROM-treated mice than in saline-treated mice. Co-culture with a high number of platelets increased the viability of LSECs and their mRNA levels of CD31, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3, and decreased their mRNA level of MMP9. The level of VEGF-A was increased in the culture medium of LSECs co-cultured with platelets. These results indicate that platelets attenuate MCT-induced liver injury by minimizing damage to LSECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Departments of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
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14
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Honda M, Ito Y, Hattori K, Hosono K, Sekiguchi K, Tsujikawa K, Unno N, Majima M. Inhibition of receptor activity-modifying protein 1 suppresses the development of endometriosis and the formation of blood and lymphatic vessels. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11984-11997. [PMID: 32869443 PMCID: PMC7578853 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimmune interactions are involved in the development of endometriosis. Here, we examined the role of a neuropeptide, calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP), and its receptor, receptor activity–modifying protein (RAMP) 1, in growth of endometrial tissues and the formation of blood and lymphatic vessels in a mouse ectopic endometrial transplantation model. Endometrial fragments from donor wild‐type (WT) mice transplanted into the peritoneal wall of recipient WT mice grew with increased density of blood and lymphatic vessels. When tissues from RAMP1‐deficient (RAMP1−/−) mice were transplanted into RAMP1−/− mice, implant growth and angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis were decreased. CGRP was up‐regulated in dorsal root ganglia, and CGRP+ nerve fibres were distributed into the implants from the peritoneum. RAMP1 was co‐expressed with CD11b (macrophages) and S100A4 (fibroblasts), but did not co‐localize with blood vessel endothelial cell marker CD31 or lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE)‐1. Cultured with CGRP, macrophages up‐regulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A, VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D, whereas fibroblasts up‐regulated VEGF‐C, but not VEGF‐A or VEGF‐D, in a RAMP1‐dependent manner. CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8‐37 inhibited growth of and angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis within endometrial tissue implants. These results suggest that RAMP1 signalling is crucial for growth and angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis in endometrial tissue. Blockade of RAMP1 is a potential tool for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Honda
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hattori
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Unno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan
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15
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Sakai R, Tanaka E, Majima M, Harigai M. FRI0075 DECREASED RISKS OF HOSPITALIZED INFECTION UNDER TARGETED THERAPIES VS METHOTREXATE IN ELDERLY AND OLDER ELDERLY PATIENTS COMPARED TO YOUNGER PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS USING JAPANESE HEALTH INSURANCE DATABASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Recently, vital prognosis has been improved in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. In elderly patients, it is difficult to establish a treatment strategy due to multi-morbidities and treatment-related risks. Since older age is a significant risk factor of serious infections, one of the primary concerns during treatment of RA, rheumatologists should always strike a balance between efficacy and safety of the immunosuppressive treatment. However, infection data under the targeted therapy (TT) in elderly patients is still limited to date.Objectives:To compare the risk of hospitalized infection (HI) under the TT among young, elderly, and older elderly patients with RA using the Japanese health insurance database.Methods:This retrospective longitudinal population-based study was conducted using claims data in Japan provided by Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd. We defined individuals as RA cases if they met all of the following: 1) having at least one ICD10 code (M05x, M06x except for M061, or M08x except for M081 and M082); 2) having at least one prescription of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) including methotrexate (MTX) and TT (biological DMARDs and Janus kinase inhibitors) between April 2008 and September 2018; and 3) 16 years old or older. We define the month patients met the above all criteria for the first time in this database as the index month. We excluded patients who were prescribed any DMARDs during the first 12 months from MTX users and those with prescription of any TT during the first 12 months from TT users (i.e., prevalent users). Among the study population, we divided patients into 3 groups according to their age at the index month; young group (16-64), elderly group (65-74), and older elderly group (>=75). The observation started from the index month and ended at 36 months later, the last month of the exposure of DMARDs, the month of loss of follow-up, or September 2019, whichever came first. HI was defined by ICD10 code with one prescription of predefined drugs for each infection during hospitalizations. Some of HIs were defined by ICD10 code alone.Results:In this study, 8269, 6454, 5745 patients with RA were included in the young, elderly, and older elderly groups, respectively. The incidence rate (IR) of HI (/100 patient-years [PY]) [95%CI] was 3.4 [3.1-3.7] in the young group, 5.8 [5.3-6.3] in the elderly group, and 12.0 [11.2-12.8] in the older elderly group. IR rate (IRR) of HI (reference: the young group) was 1.7 [1.5-1.9] in the elderly group and 3.6 [3.2-4.0] in the older elderly group. In the young group, the IRR of HI in TT users vs MTX users was significantly elevated (1.8 [1.5-2.1]), whereas, those of the elderly and the older elderly groups were significantly decreased (IRR 0.8 [0.7-0.9] for elderly; 0.6 [0.5-0.7] for older elderly). Concomitant use of immunosuppressive DMARDs or prednisolone >=10mg/day with TT became less frequent with aging.Conclusion:The elderly and older elderly patients had significantly higher risks of HI compared to the young. The risk of HI under the TT compared to MTX was decreased in the elderly patients, probably due to adjusting for treatment by attending physicians.References:[1]Arthritis Rheum 2014;66:786-93Acknowledgments:This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17K08963.Disclosure of Interests:Ryoko Sakai Grant/research support from: Tokyo Women’s Medical University (TWMU) has received unrestricted research grants forDivision of Epidemiology and Pharmacoepidemiology of Rheumatic Diseases from Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Bristol Meyers Squib, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp., and with which TWMU paid the salary of R.S., Eiichi Tanaka Consultant of: ET has received lecture fees or consulting fees from Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Eisai Pharmaceutical, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Kayaku, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., and UCB Pharma., Speakers bureau: ET has received lecture fees or consulting fees from Abbvie, Asahi Kasei pharma co., Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Eisai Pharmaceutical, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Kayaku, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., and UCB Pharma., masako majima: None declared, masayoshi harigai Grant/research support from: AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and Teijin Pharma Ltd. MH has received speaker’s fee from AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Oxford Immuotec, Pfizer Japan Inc., and Teijin Pharma Ltd. MH is a consultant for AbbVie, Boehringer-ingelheim, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Teijin Pharma.
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Hosono K, Kojo K, Narumiya S, Majima M, Ito Y. Prostaglandin E receptor EP4 stimulates lymphangiogenesis to promote mucosal healing during DSS-induced colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110264. [PMID: 32447215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the intestine, the formation of new lymphatic vessels from pre-existing lymphatic vasculature (lymphangiogenesis) is related to the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it remains unclear whether lymphangiogenesis contributes to mucosal repair after acute colitis. Prostaglandin Ereceptor EP4 suppresses the development of experimental colitis. In this study, we investigated whether EP4 exerts this effect by contributing to lymphangiogenesis, in turn promoting mucosal tissue repair, following acute colitis. We elicited experimental colitis in male C57/BL6 mice by administering dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) via the drinking water for 5 days, followed by normal water for 9 additional days. From Day 5 through Day 13, the experimental mice received a daily dose of EP4-selective agonist, EP4-selective antagonist, or vehicle. On Day 14, mice treated with vehicle had recovered 95 % of body weight and exhibited moderate increases in disease activity and histological score relative to untreated controls. Compared with vehicle, post-treatment with EP4 antagonist increased signs of colitis, colonic tissue destruction, and CD11b+ cell infiltration, associated with elevated lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and reduced percentage of lymphatic vessel area (LVA%). By contrast, post-treatment with EP4 agonist improved disease activity, suppressed CD11b+ infiltration, and decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines; these changes were associated with upregulation of lymphatic growth factors and lymphangiogenesis, as evidenced by increases in LVA% and lymphatic drainage function. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) caused a delay in mucosal repair, accompanied by impaired lymphangiogenesis. These results suggest that EP4 stimulation aids in mucosal repair from DSS-induced acute colitis by promoting lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanakako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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17
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Tsuru S, Ito Y, Matsuda H, Hosono K, Inoue T, Nakamoto S, Kurashige C, Mishima T, Tsujikawa K, Okamoto H, Majima M. RAMP1 signaling in immune cells regulates inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis. J Transl Med 2020; 100:738-750. [PMID: 31911634 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) regulates inflammation via signaling through receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1. Here, we investigated the role of RAMP1 signaling in growth of lymphatic vessels during inflammation. Lymphangiogenesis in the diaphragm of RAMP1-deficient (-/-) mice or their wild-type (WT) counterparts was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compared with WT mice, LPS-induced lymphangiogenesis in RAMP1-/- mice was suppressed. This was accompanied by the reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D. The number of CD4+ cells in diaphragm tissue from WT mice was greater than RAMP1-/- mice. Removing CD4+ cells attenuated lymphangiogenesis and expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D. CD4+ cells isolated from RAMP1-/- mice exhibited reduced expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D. The number of CD11b+ cells from RAMP1-/- mice was higher than WT mice and was associated with the upregulated expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and downregulation of reparative macrophage phenotype-related expression. When fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran was injected into the peritoneal cavity, the amount of residual FITC-dextran in WT mice was lower than that in RAMP1-/- mice. The present results suggest that RAMP1 signaling in immune cells plays a critical role in inflammation-related lymphangiogenesis; therefore, it represents a novel target for controlling lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Tsuru
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiromi Matsuda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Chie Kurashige
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mishima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Okamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
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18
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Nakamoto S, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Goto T, Kojo K, Kumamoto Y, Watanabe M, Majima M. Lymphangiogenesis and accumulation of reparative macrophages contribute to liver repair after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:395-410. [PMID: 32162023 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic tissue repair plays a critical role in determining the outcome of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Hepatic lymphatics participate in the clearance of dead tissues and contribute to the reparative process after acute hepatic injury; however, it remains unknown whether lymphangiogenesis in response to hepatic inflammation is involved in liver repair. Herein, we determined if hepatic lymphangiogenesis improves liver repair after hepatic I/R injury. Using a mouse model of hepatic I/R injury, we investigated hepatic lymphatic structure, growth, and function in injured murine livers. Hepatic I/R injury enhanced lymphangiogenesis around the portal tract and this was associated with increased expression of pro-lymphangiogenic growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D. Recombinant VEGF-D treatment facilitated liver repair in association with the expansion of lymphatic vessels and increased expression of genes related to the reparative macrophage phenotype. Treatment with a VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3) inhibitor suppressed liver repair, lymphangiogenesis, drainage function, and accumulation of VEGFR3-expressing reparative macrophages. VEGF-C and VEGF-D upregulated expression of genes related to lymphangiogenic factors and the reparative macrophage phenotype in cultured macrophages. These results suggest that activation of VEGFR3 signaling increases lymphangiogenesis and the number of reparative macrophages, both of which play roles in liver repair. Expanded lymphatics and induction of reparative macrophage accumulation may be therapeutic targets to enhance liver repair after hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan.
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Nakamoto S, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Goto T, Kojo K, Kumamoto Y, Watanabe M, Narumiya S, Majima M. EP3 signaling in dendritic cells promotes liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated macrophage differentiation in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:5610-5627. [PMID: 32112485 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901955r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is essential for liver wound healing; however, the mechanisms underlying macrophage phenotype switching are largely unknown. Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical initiators of innate immune responses; as such, they orchestrate inflammation following hepatic injury. Here, we subjected EP3-deficient (Ptger3-/- ) and wild-type (WT) mice to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and demonstrate that signaling via the prostaglandin E (PGE) receptor EP3 in DCs regulates macrophage plasticity during liver repair. Compared with WT mice, Ptger3-/- mice showed delayed liver repair accompanied by reduced expression of hepatic growth factors and accumulation of Ly6Clow reparative macrophages and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). MoDCs were recruited to the boundary between damaged and undamaged liver tissue in an EP3-dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of moDCs from Ptger3-/- mice resulted in impaired repair, along with increased numbers of Ly6Chigh inflammatory macrophages. Bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) up-regulated expression of genes related to a reparative macrophage phenotype when co-cultured with moDCs; this phenomenon was dependent on EP3 signaling. In the presence of an EP3 agonist, interleukin (IL)-13 derived from moDCs drove BMMs to increase expression of genes characteristic of a reparative macrophage phenotype. The results suggest that EP3 signaling in moDCs facilitates liver repair by inducing IL-13-mediated switching of macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory to pro-reparative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takuya Goto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kumamoto
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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Takahashi R, Amano H, Ito Y, Eshima K, Satoh T, Iwamura M, Nakamura M, Kitasato H, Uematsu S, Raouf J, Jakobsson PJ, Akira S, Majima M. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 promotes lung metastasis via SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated recruitment of CD11b +Gr1 +MDSCs from bone marrow. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109581. [PMID: 31715374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to tumors is related to cancer prognosis. We investigated the contribution of host stromal microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) to the accumulation of MDSCs in metastasized lungs of prostate cancer in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eight-week-old male C57Bl/6 wild type (WT) mice and mPGES-1 knock out mice (mPGES-1KO) were injected with RM9 murine prostate cancer cell line (5 × 106 cells/mL). Lung metastasis was evaluated by the number of colonies, the weight of the lung, and the number of MDSCs (CD11b+Gr1+ cells) in the lung. RESULTS Intravenous injections of RM9, a murine prostate cancer cell line to WT mice revealed that lung metastasis and accumulation of MDCSs were suppressed with treatments with a Gr1 antibody, a COX-2 inhibitor, and an mPGES-1 inhibitor. Lung metastasis and accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+MDSCs were suppressed in mPGES-1KO mice. The mRNA level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in the lung and the number of accumulated SDF-1-expressing CD11b+Gr1+ MDSCs were elevated at an early stage in lung metastasis of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-expressing RM9 in an mPGES-1-dependent manner. The number of CXCR4-expressing CD11b+Gr1+MDSCs in WT mice was higher than that in mPGES-1KO mice. RM9 lung metastasis and accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+MDSCs were suppressed by CXCR4 antibody in WT mice but not in mPGES-1KO. WT mice transplanted with mPGES-1 KO bone marrow (BM) showed a significant reduction in lung metastasis and accumulation of CD11b+Gr1+MDSCs. CONCLUSION These results suggest that mPGES-1 enhances tumor metastasis by inducing accumulation of BM-derived MDSCs. Selective mPGES-1 inhibitors might, therefore, represent valuable therapeutic tools for the suppression of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan; Medical Corporation Shibaakamonkai, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | | | - Takefumi Satoh
- Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Iwamura
- Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Science, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- Division of Innate immune regulation, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Mucosal Immunology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joan Raouf
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan.
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Nagashima Y, Ohsugi Y, Hiraishi M, Niki Y, Fuji A, Majima M, Okamoto T. Development of laser speckle blood flowmeter for evaluating the physiological function of skin. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab3a83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Amano H, Mastui Y, Ito Y, Shibata Y, Betto T, Eshima K, Ogawa F, Satoh Y, Shibuya M, Majima M. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 tyrosine kinase signaling in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109067. [PMID: 31176171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal lung disease with a poor prognosis. Fibroblast proliferation amplifies extracellular matrix deposition and increases angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most potent angiogenic factors. VEGF interacts with VEGF receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2). A previous study showed that VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase (TK) signaling induced blood flow recovery mediated by bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells. We hypothesized that VEGFR1-TK signaling might be related to pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six-week-old male C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) mice and VEGFR1 TK knockout mice (TKKO mice) were treated with a single intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM; 0.1 μg in 50 μl saline) or vehicle (saline; 50 μl). Lung fibrosis was evaluated by histology, real-time PCR and ELISA for pro-fibrotic factors, and assessment of lung mechanics. RESULTS The fibrotic area in the lung and the lung elastance were significantly reduced in TKKO mice (P < 0.01). The expression of the fibrosis-related factors type I collagen, S100A4, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β was also significantly reduced in TKKO mice on day 21 after BLM injection. TKKO mice also had significantly lower levels of stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 in the lungs and plasma on days 14 and 21 after BLM treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) and CXCR4, the receptors for SDF-1, was also suppressed in TKKO mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that treatment with a CXCR4 antibody decreased the accumulation of VEGFR1+ cells in the lung in WT mice but not in TKKO mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest that VEGFR1 TK signaling promotes BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in infiltrating VEGFR1+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Mastui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusaku Shibata
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ogawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Satoh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Gakubunkan Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Sekiguchi K, Ito Y, Hattori K, Inoue T, Hosono K, Honda M, Numao A, Amano H, Shibuya M, Unno N, Majima M. VEGF Receptor 1-Expressing Macrophages Recruited from Bone Marrow Enhances Angiogenesis in Endometrial Tissues. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7037. [PMID: 31065021 PMCID: PMC6504918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical in maintenance of endometrial tissues. Here, we examined the role of VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) signaling in angiogenesis and tissue growth in an endometriosis model. Endometrial fragments were implanted into the peritoneal wall of mice, and endometrial tissue growth and microvessel density (MVD) were determined. Endometrial fragments from wild-type (WT) mice grew slowly with increased angiogenesis determined by CD31+ MVD, peaking on Day 14. When tissues from WT mice were transplanted into VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase-knockout mice, implant growth and angiogenesis were suppressed on Day 14 compared with growth of WT implants in a WT host. The blood vessels in the implants were not derived from the host peritoneum. Immunostaining for VEGFR1 suggested that high numbers of VEGFR1+ cells such as macrophages were infiltrated into the endometrial tissues. When macrophages were deleted with Clophosome N, both endometrial tissue growth and angiogenesis were significantly suppressed. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that growth and angiogenesis in endometrial implants were promoted by host bone marrow-derived VEGFR1+/CD11b+ macrophages that accumulated in the implants, and secreted basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). A FGF receptor kinase inhibitor, PD173047 significantly reduced size of endometrial tissues and angiogenesis. VEGFR1 signaling in host-derived cells is crucial for growth and angiogenesis in endometrial tissue. Thus, VEGFR1 blockade is a potential treatment for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hattori
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masako Honda
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Numao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Gakubunkan Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Nobuya Unno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Betto T, Amano H, Ito Y, Eshima K, Yoshida T, Matsui Y, Yamane S, Inoue T, Otaka F, Kobayashi K, Koizumi W, Shibuya M, Majima M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 tyrosine kinase signaling facilitates healing of DSS-induced colitis by accumulation of Tregs in ulcer area. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:131-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Majima M, Ito Y, Hosono K, Amano H. CGRP/CGRP Receptor Antibodies: Potential Adverse Effects Due to Blockade of Neovascularization? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 40:11-21. [PMID: 30502971 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a severe neurological disorder in which calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a key molecule in pathophysiology. Neuronal system-derived CGRP enhances neovascularization in several important pathological conditions and sends a cue to the vascular system. In 2018, the FDA approved erenumab and fremanezumab, antibodies against CGRP receptor and CGRP, as the first new class of drugs for migraine. Treatment of migraine with these antibodies requires great care because neovascularization-related adverse effects may be induced in some patients. Here, we focus on enhancement of neovascularization by CGRP and discuss possible adverse effects resulting from blocking neovascularization. We also suggest that CGRP antibodies may also be used as novel antitumor agents by suppressing tumor-associated angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/immunology
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/metabolism
- Humans
- Migraine Disorders/drug therapy
- Migraine Disorders/immunology
- Neoplasms/blood supply
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/immunology
- Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Inoue T, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Eshima K, Kojo K, Otaka F, Betto T, Yamane S, Tsujikawa K, Koizumi W, Majima M. RAMP1 in Kupffer cells is a critical regulator in immune-mediated hepatitis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200432. [PMID: 30462657 PMCID: PMC6248891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of the relationship between the nervous and immune systems with respect to disease course is increasingly apparent. Immune cells in the liver and spleen are responsible for the development of acute liver injury, yet the regulatory mechanisms of the interactions remain elusive. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is released from the sensory nervous system, regulates innate immune activation via receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), a subunit of the CGRP receptor. Here, we show that RAMP1 in Kupffer cells (KCs) plays a critical role in the etiology of immune-mediated hepatitis. RAMP1-deficient mice with concanavalin A (ConA)-mediated hepatitis, characterized by severe liver injury accompanied by infiltration of immune cells and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by KCs and splenic T cells, showed poor survival. Removing KCs ameliorated liver damage, while depleting T cells or splenectomy led to partial amelioration. Adoptive transfer of splenic T cells from RAMP1-deficient mice led to a modest increase in liver injury. Co-culture of KCs with splenic T cells led to increased cytokine expression by both cells in a RAMP1-dependent manner. Thus, immune-mediated hepatitis develops via crosstalk between immune cells. RAMP1 in KCs is a key regulator of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumisato Otaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sakiko Yamane
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Nishizawa N, Ito Y, Eshima K, Ohkubo H, Kojo K, Inoue T, Raouf J, Jakobsson PJ, Uematsu S, Akira S, Narumiya S, Watanabe M, Majima M. Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 facilitates liver repair after hepatic injury in mice. J Hepatol 2018; 69:110-120. [PMID: 29458169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver repair following hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is crucial to survival. This study aims to examine the role of endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) produced by inducible microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1), a terminal enzyme of PGE2 generation, in liver injury and repair following hepatic I/R. METHODS mPGES-1 deficient (Ptges-/-) mice or their wild-type (WT) counterparts were subjected to partial hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion. The role of E prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4) was then studied using a genetic knockout model and a selective antagonist. RESULTS Compared with WT mice, Ptges-/- mice exhibited reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), necrotic area, neutrophil infiltration, chemokines, and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Ptges-/- mice also showed promoted liver repair and increased Ly6Clow macrophages (Ly6Clow/CD11bhigh/F4/80high-cells) with expression of anti-inflammatory and reparative genes, while WT mice exhibited delayed liver repair and increased Ly6Chigh macrophages (Ly6Chigh/CD11bhigh/F4/80low-cells) with expression of proinflammatory genes. Bone marrow (BM)-derived mPGES-1-deficient macrophages facilitated liver repair with increases in Ly6Clow macrophages. In vitro, mPGES-1 was expressed in macrophages polarized toward the proinflammatory profile. Mice treated with the mPGES-1 inhibitor Compound III displayed increased liver protection and repair. Hepatic I/R enhanced the hepatic expression of PGE receptor subtype, EP4, in WT mice, which was reduced in Ptges-/- mice. A selective EP4 antagonist and genetic deletion of Ptger4, which codes for EP4, accelerated liver repair. The proinflammatory gene expression was upregulated by stimulation of EP4 agonist in WT macrophages but not in EP4-deficient macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that mPGES-1 regulates macrophage polarization as well as liver protection and repair through EP4 signaling during hepatic I/R. Inhibition of mPGES-1 could have therapeutic potential by promoting liver repair after acute liver injury. LAY SUMMARY Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is a serious complication that occurs in liver surgery. Herein, we demonstrated that inducible prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES-1), an enzyme involved in synthesizing prostaglandin E2, worsens the injury and delays liver repair through accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages. Inhibition of mPGES-1 offers a potential therapy for both liver protection and repair in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hirotoki Ohkubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Joan Raouf
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Innate Immune Regulation, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, World Premier Institute Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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Park K, Amano H, Ito Y, Mastui Y, Kamata M, Yamazaki Y, Takeda A, Shibuya M, Majima M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) tyrosine kinase signaling facilitates granulation tissue formation with recruitment of VEGFR1 + cells from bone marrow. Anat Sci Int 2017; 93:372-383. [PMID: 29256114 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-017-0424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A facilitates wound healing. VEGF-A binds to VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGFR2 and induces wound healing through the receptor's tyrosine kinase (TK) domain. During blood flow recovery and lung regeneration, expression of VEGFR1 is elevated. However, the precise mechanism of wound healing, especially granulation formation on VEGFR1, is not well understood. We hypothesized that VEGFR1-TK signaling induces wound healing by promoting granulation tissue formation. A surgical sponge implantation model was made by implanting a sponge disk into dorsal subcutaneous tissue of mice. Granulation formation was estimated from the weight of the sponge and the granulation area from the immunohistochemical analysis of collagen I. The expression of fibroblast markers was estimated from the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and cellular fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) using real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and from the immunohistochemical analysis of S100A4. VEGFR1 TK knockout (TK-/-) mice exhibited suppressed granulation tissue formation compared to that in wild-type (WT) mice. Expression of FGF-2, TGF-β, and VEGF-A was significantly suppressed in VEGFR1 TK-/- mice, and the accumulation of VEGFR1+ cells in granulation tissue was reduced in VEGFR1 TK-/- mice compared to that in WT mice. The numbers of VEGFR1+ cells and S100A4+ cells derived from bone marrow (BM) were higher in WT mice transplanted with green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic WT BM than in VEGFR1 TK-/- mice transplanted with GFP transgenic VEGFR1 TK-/- BM. These results indicated that VEGFR1-TK signaling induced the accumulation of BM-derived VEGFR1+ cells expressing F4/80 and S100A4 and contributed to granulation formation around the surgically implanted sponge area in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.,Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Mastui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mariko Kamata
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Yamazaki
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Takeda
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Gakubunkan Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Isesaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
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Shimizu Y, Amano H, Ito Y, Betto T, Yamane S, Inoue T, Nishizawa N, Matsui Y, Kamata M, Nakamura M, Kitasato H, Koizumi W, Majima M. Angiotensin II subtype 1a receptor signaling in resident hepatic macrophages induces liver metastasis formation. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1757-1768. [PMID: 28660748 PMCID: PMC5581524 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a clinically significant problem. The renin-angiotensin system is involved in tumor growth and metastases. This study was designed to evaluate the role of angiotensin II subtype receptor 1a (AT1a) in the formation of liver metastasis in CRC. A model of liver metastasis was developed by intrasplenic injection of mouse colon cancer (CMT-93) into AT1a knockout mice (AT1aKO) and wild-type (C57BL/6) mice (WT). Compared with WT mice, the liver weight and liver metastatic rate were significantly lower in AT1aKO. The mRNA levels of CD31, transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1), and F4/80 were suppressed in AT1aKO compared with WT. Double immunofluorescence analysis showed that the number of accumulated F4/80+ cells expressing TGF-β1 in metastatic areas was higher in WT than in AT1aKO. The AT1aKO bone marrow (BM) (AT1aKO-BM)→WT showed suppressed formation of liver metastasis compared with WT-BM→WT. However, the formation of metastasis was further suppressed in WT-BM→AT1aKO compared with AT1aKO-BM→WT. In addition, accumulated F4/80+ cells in the liver metastasis were not BM-derived F4/80+ cells, but mainly resident hepatic F4/80+ cells, and these resident hepatic F4/80+ cells were positive for TGF-β1. Angiotensin II enhanced TGF-β1 expression in Kupffer cells. Treatment of WT with clodronate liposomes suppressed liver metastasis by diminishing TGF-β1+ F4/80+ cells accumulation. The formation of liver metastasis correlated with collagen deposition in the metastatic area, which was dependent on AT1a signaling. These results suggested that resident hepatic macrophages induced liver metastasis formation by induction of TGF-β1 through AT1a signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shimizu
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Betto
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Sakiko Yamane
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Tomoyoshi Inoue
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
- Department of SurgeryKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Yoshio Matsui
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Mariko Kamata
- Department of NephrologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of MicrobiologyKitasato University School of Allied Health SciencesKanagawaJapan
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of MicrobiologyKitasato University School of Allied Health SciencesKanagawaJapan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of GastroenteologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of PharmacologyKitasato University School of MedicineKanagawaJapan
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Mishima T, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Amano H, Tsujikawa K, Miyaji K, Watanabe M, Majima M. RAMP1 signaling improves lymphedema and promotes lymphangiogenesis in mice. J Surg Res 2017; 219:50-60. [PMID: 29078910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary lymphedema commonly arises as a complication of cancer surgery and radiation treatment; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) forms a complex with calcitonin receptor-like receptor to generate the receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide. The present study examined whether RAMP1 plays a role in increased lymphangiogenesis during secondary lymphedema. METHODS A model of lymphedema was generated by surgical removal of pre-existing lymphatic vessels from the subcutaneous tissue on the tails of RAMP1-deficient (RAMP1-/-) mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts. The maximum diameter of the tail, lymphangiogenesis, and macrophage recruitment were then examined. RESULTS Compared with that in WT mice, lymphedema in the tails in RAMP1-/- mice was sustained, with suppressed lymphangiogenesis and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 at the distal edge of the lesions. The newly formed lymphatic vessels in RAMP1-/- mice were dilated, with impaired lymphatic flow. RAMP1 was expressed by macrophages recruited into edematous tail tissues distal to the wound. The number of macrophages in RAMP1-/- mice was higher than that in WT mice. Expression of messenger RNA encoding M1 macrophage-related genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1, was higher in RAMP1-/- mice than in WT mice, whereas expression of messenger RNA encoding M2 macrophage genes, including interleukin-10, was lower. CONCLUSIONS RAMP1 signaling improves lymphedema and accelerates lymphangiogenesis associated with reduced recruitment of pro-inflammatory macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Mishima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kagami Miyaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Kawashima-Takeda N, Ito Y, Nishizawa N, Kawashima R, Tanaka K, Tsujikawa K, Watanabe M, Majima M. RAMP1 suppresses mucosal injury from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:809-818. [PMID: 27513455 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is thought to be involved in the modulation of intestinal motility. CGRP receptor is composed of receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1 combined with calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) for CGRP. The study investigated the role of CGRP in mice with experimentally induced colitis. METHODS The study used dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis in mice. The study compared the severity of colitis in wild-type (WT) mice, mice treated with a CGRP receptor antagonist (CGRP8-37 ), and RAMP1 knockout (-/- ) mice. Pathological changes in the mucosa were assessed, and inflammatory cells and cytokine levels were measured. RESULTS The severity of inflammation in DSS-induced colitis increased markedly in CGRP8-37 -treated mice and RAMP1-/- mice compared with WT mice. RAMP1-/- mice showed more severe damage compared with CGRP8-37 -treated mice. The number of periodic acid-Schiff-positive cells decreased in CGRP8-37 -treated mice compared with WT mice and was even further decreased in RAMP1-/- mice. RAMP1 was expressed by macrophages, mast cells, and T-cells. RAMP1-/- mice exhibited excessive accumulation of macrophages and mast cells into the colonic tissue with increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β as compared with WT mice. Infiltration of T-cells into the colonic mucosa, which was associated with the expression of T helper (Th) cytokines including Th1 (interferon gamma) and Th17 (IL-17), was augmented in RAMP1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that RAMP1 exerted mucosal protection in DSS-induced colitis via attenuation of recruitment of inflammatory cells and of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kawashima-Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizawa
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Rei Kawashima
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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Hosono K, Isonaka R, Kawakami T, Narumiya S, Majima M. Signaling of Prostaglandin E Receptors, EP3 and EP4 Facilitates Wound Healing and Lymphangiogenesis with Enhanced Recruitment of M2 Macrophages in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162532. [PMID: 27711210 PMCID: PMC5053515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in homeostasis, metabolism, and immunity, and also occurs during wound-healing. Here, we examined the roles of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor (EP) signaling in enhancement of lymphangiogenesis in wound healing processes. The hole-punch was made in the ears of male C57BL/6 mice using a metal ear punch. Healing process and lymphangiogenesis together with macrophage recruitment were analyzed in EP knockout mice. Lymphangiogenesis was up-regulated in the granulation tissues at the margins of punched-hole wounds in mouse ears, and this increase was accompanied by increased expression levels of COX-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. Administration of celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, suppressed lymphangiogenesis in the granulation tissues and reduced the induction of the pro-lymphangiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -C and VEGF-D. Topical applications of selective EP receptor agonists enhanced the expressions of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 and VEGF receptor-3. The wound-healing processes and recruitment of CD11b-positive macrophages, which produced VEGF-C and VEGF-D, were suppressed under COX-2 inhibition. Mice lacking either EP3 or EP4 exhibited reduced wound-healing, lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of M2 macrophages, compared with wild type mice. Proliferation of cultured human lymphatic endothelial cells was not detected under PGE2 stimulation. Lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of M2 macrophages that produced VEGF-C/D were suppressed in mice treated with a COX-2 inhibitor or lacking either EP3 or EP4 during wound healing. COX-2 and EP3/EP4 signaling may be novel targets to control lymphangiogenesis in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Ear/physiology
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Lymphangiogenesis/drug effects
- Macrophages/cytology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Prostaglandin-E Synthases/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/deficiency
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/deficiency
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C/biosynthesis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/biosynthesis
- Wound Healing/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Risa Isonaka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kawakami
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulation Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Maehana S, Nakamura M, Ogawa F, Imai R, Murakami R, Kojima F, Majima M, Kitasato H. Suppression of lymphangiogenesis by soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in a mouse lung cancer model. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:660-665. [PMID: 27697638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family has a key role in the formation of blood vessels and lymphatics. Among the members of this family, VEGF-C is one of the most important factors involved in lymphangiogenesis via binding with two receptors (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and -3: VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3). Soluble VEGFR-2 (sVEGFR-2) has a role in maintaining the alymphatic state of the cornea associated with binding to VEGF-C, and selectively inhibits lymphangiogenesis but not angiogenesis. In this study, we introduced sVEGFR-2 into lung cancer cells and evaluated the influence on tumor progression and on genes regulating lymphatic formation and metastasis in vivo. A retroviral vector was used to introduce the sVEGFR-2 gene into Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC), which were designated as LLC-sVEGFR-2 cells. Proteins secreted into the culture supernatant by these cells were detected by western blotting using specific antibodies. To examine lymphangiogenesis by primary lung cancer in vivo, LLC-sVEGFR-2 cells were subcutaneously injected into C57BL/6 mice. At 14days after injection, immunohistochemistry was performed using an antibody directed against lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1), a marker of lymphatics. Expression of mRNA for VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was also determined by real-time PCR. Furthermore, LLC-sVEGFR-2 cells were directly inoculated into the left lung in C57BL/6 mice and the number of micro-metastases in pulmonary lymph nodes was determined. Introduction of sVEGFR-2 into LLC cells resulted in secretion of sVEGFR-2 protein into the culture supernatant. There were fewer LYVE-1 positive lymphatics after inoculation of LLC-sVEGFR-2 into mice compared with the control group. In addition, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and MMPs gene expression was suppressed in the primary tumors of the LLC-sVEGFR-2 group compared with the control group. Furthermore, there were fewer micro-metastases in the pulmonary lymph nodes of the LLC-sVEGFR-2 group compared with the control group after cells were directly inoculated into the lung. These findings indicate that introduction of sVEGFR-2 suppressed lymphangiogenesis in primary lung cancer and also suppressed lymphogenic metastasis by inhibiting VEGF-C, followed by down-regulation of VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3 and MMPs. Accordingly, sVEGFR-2 might be a promising target for treatment of cancer by regulating lymphangiogenesis and lymphogenic metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Maehana
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Fumihiro Ogawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Rimika Imai
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Rei Murakami
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Kojima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hidero Kitasato
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Amano H, Nakamura M, Ito Y, Kakutani H, Eshima K, Kitasato H, Narumiya S, Majima M. Thromboxane A synthase enhances blood flow recovery from hindlimb ischemia. J Surg Res 2016; 204:153-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shimizu Y, Amano H, Koizumi W, Majima M. P-135 The role of Angiotensin II subtype IA receptor on liver metastasis formation. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw199.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Kamata M, Fujita T, Hosono K, Abe T, Hashimoto K, Takahashi H, Masaki T, Takeuchi K, Ogawa M, Murano J, Naito S, Aoyama T, Sano T, Majima M, Takeuchi Y. MP270ROLES OF HIGH AFFINITY LEUKOTRIENE B4 RECEPTOR SIGNALING IN ENHANCEMENT OF FIBROSIS DURING UNILATERAL URETERAL OBSTRUCTION IN MICE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw188.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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37
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Fujita T, Soontrapa K, Ito Y, Iwaisako K, Moniaga CS, Asagiri M, Majima M, Narumiya S. Hepatic stellate cells relay inflammation signaling from sinusoids to parenchyma in mouse models of immune-mediated hepatitis. Hepatology 2016; 63:1325-39. [PMID: 26248612 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) constitute the liver sinusoid with Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. While the sinusoid functions as the gateway to liver inflammation, whether HSCs contribute to liver inflammation and, if so, how they exert such functions remain elusive. Here, we found that mouse as well as human HSCs expressed DP1 receptor for prostaglandin D2 selectively in the liver. Pharmacological stimulation of DP1 by BW245C, a DP1-selective agonist, suppressed the activation of cultured HSCs by tumor necrosis factor-α at least in part through down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling and inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. DP1 deficiency or BW245C administration in mice significantly enhanced or suppressed concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis, respectively. ConA injection induced tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ expression in the sinusoid, which was suppressed by administration of BW245C. Coculture of spleen cells and liver nonparenchymal cells showed that ConA first activated spleen cells and that this activation led to activation of nonparenchymal cells to secondarily produce tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ. Microarray analysis revealed ConA-induced expression of endothelin-1, tissue factor, and chemokines in the liver and inducible nitric oxide synthase in hepatocytes, resulting in flow stagnation, leukocyte adherence and migration to the parenchyma, and hepatocyte death. DP1 stimulation inhibits all these events in the liver. Therefore, HSCs mediate amplification of ConA-induced liver inflammation in the sinusoid, causing direct and indirect hepatocyte injury, and DP1 stimulation inhibits this HSC activation. CONCLUSIONS HSCs integrate cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses in the sinusoids and relay them to the liver parenchyma, and these HSC actions are inhibited by DP1 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Fujita
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for Innovation in Immunoregulatory Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kitipong Soontrapa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Keiko Iwaisako
- Target Therapy Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Catharina Sagita Moniaga
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulatory Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Asagiri
- Center for Innovation in Immunoregulatory Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for Innovation in Immunoregulatory Technology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuda H, Hosono K, Tsuru S, Kurashige C, Sekiguchi K, Akira S, Uematsu S, Okamoto H, Majima M. Roles of mPGES-1, an inducible prostaglandin E synthase, in enhancement of LPS-induced lymphangiogenesis in a mouse peritonitis model. Life Sci 2015; 142:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Amano H, Kato S, Ito Y, Eshima K, Ogawa F, Takahashi R, Sekiguchi K, Tamaki H, Sakagami H, Shibuya M, Majima M. The Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 Signaling in the Recovery from Ischemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131445. [PMID: 26133989 PMCID: PMC4489890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most potent angiogenesis stimulators. VEGF binds to VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1), inducing angiogenesis through the receptor’s tyrosine kinase domain (TK), but the mechanism is not well understood. We investigated the role of VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase signaling in angiogenesis using the ischemic hind limb model. Relative to control mice, blood flow recovery was significantly impaired in mice treated with VEGFA-neutralizing antibody. VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase knockout mice (TK-/-) had delayed blood flow recovery from ischemia and impaired angiogenesis, and this phenotype was unaffected by treatment with a VEGFR2 inhibitor. Compared to wild type mice (WT), TK-/- mice had no change in the plasma level of VEGF, but the plasma levels of stromal-derived cell factor 1 (SDF-1) and stem cell factor, as well as the bone marrow (BM) level of pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9 (pro-MMP-9), were significantly reduced. The recruitment of cells expressing VEGFR1 and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) into peripheral blood and ischemic muscles was also suppressed. Furthermore, WT transplanted with TK-/- BM significantly impaired blood flow recovery more than WT transplanted with WT BM. These results suggest that VEGFR1-TK signaling facilitates angiogenesis by recruiting CXCR4+VEGFR1+ cells from BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Amano
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kato
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Departments of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Departments of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ogawa
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Takahashi
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tamaki
- Departments of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakagami
- Departments of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Gakubunkan Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: -.u.ac.jp
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Amano H, Ito Y, Eshima K, Kato S, Ogawa F, Hosono K, Oba K, Tamaki H, Sakagami H, Shibuya M, Narumiya S, Majima M. Thromboxane A2induces blood flow recovery via platelet adhesion to ischaemic regions. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:509-21. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Minamino T, Ito Y, Ohkubo H, Shimuzu Y, Kojo K, Nishizwa N, Amano H, Narumiya S, Koizumi W, Majima M. Adhesion of platelets through thromboxane A₂ receptor signaling facilitates liver repair during acute chemical-induced hepatotoxicity. Life Sci 2015; 132:85-92. [PMID: 25921763 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Platelets have been suggested to play an important role in liver regeneration and repair after hepatic resection and acute liver injury. However, the underlying mechanisms of liver repair remain elusive. Signaling through thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor participates in inflammation and tissue injury through platelet aggregation. On the other hand, TP receptor signaling also is involved in tissue repair and tumor growth through angiogenesis. The present study was examined whether or not TP receptor signaling contributes to liver repair and sinusoidal restoration from acute liver injury through platelet adhesion to the hepatic sinusoids. MAIN METHODS Carbon tetrachrolide (CCl4) was used to induce acute liver injury in TP receptor knockout mice (TP(-/-) mice) and their wild-type littermates (WT mice). KEY FINDINGS Compared with WT mice, TP(-/-) mice exhibited delayed in liver repair and sinusoidal restoration after CCl4 treatment, which were associated with attenuated hepatic expression of pro-angiogenic factors. Intravital microscopic observation revealed that adhering platelets to the sinusoids was increased in WT livers during the repair phase as compared with TP(-/-) livers, and platelet adhesion was dependent on TP receptor signaling. The levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in platelets from WT mice treated with CCl4 for 48h were greater than those form TP(-/-) mice, and HGF enhanced the expression of angiogenic factors in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). SIGNIFICANCE These results suggested that TP receptor signaling facilitates liver repair and sinusoidal restoration from acute liver injury through HGF release from platelets adhering to the sinusoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Minamino
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hirotoki Ohkubo
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimuzu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nishizwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Innovation Center for Immunoregulation Technologies and Drugs (AK project), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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Kamata M, Hosono K, Fujita T, Kamata K, Majima M. Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the development of interstitial fibrosis in kidneys following unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 70:174-80. [PMID: 25776498 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in kidneys mimics the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases and is considered a suitable model for studying the mechanisms leading to fibrosis. To study the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in kidney fibrosis, we investigated whether a selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, affected renal interstitial fibrosis during UUO in mice. To induce UUO, the left proximal ureter was ligated in male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were fed a diet with or without celecoxib from the day of UUO induction. Following UUO, the renal pelvis was observed to be dilated and the kidney cortex was significantly thinner than that of sham-operated mice. Immunofluorescent staining of type I, III, and IV collagen in UUO kidneys revealed that interstitial collagen deposition was significantly increased in the celecoxib-treated group. Expression of type I, III, and IV collagen in UUO kidneys was also significantly higher in the celecoxib-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group. In the celecoxib-treated group, mRNA levels of TGF-β/FGF-2 were also significantly higher than those in the vehicle-treated group. The present study demonstrates that COX-2 plays a protective role against fibrosis in UUO kidneys and suggests that supplementation of COX-2 products, such as PG analogues, will be a good option for preventing interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kamata
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Nephrology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Tomoe Fujita
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kouju Kamata
- Nephrology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Departments of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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Ogawa F, Satoh Y, Iyoda A, Amano H, Kumagai Y, Majima M. Clinical impact of lung age on postoperative readmission in non–small cell lung cancer. J Surg Res 2015; 193:442-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Oba K, Hosono K, Amano H, Okizaki SI, Ito Y, Shichiri M, Majima M. Downregulation of the proangiogenic prostaglandin E receptor EP3 and reduced angiogenesis in a mouse model of diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:1125-33. [PMID: 25465154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications such as foot ulcers are a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), although the molecular mechanisms that underlie vascular dysfunction remain unclear. Herein, we show that angiogenesis, which is indispensable to the healing of ulcers, is suppressed in polyurethane sponge implants in mice with DM and reduced proangiogenic signaling. DM was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100mg/kg). Polyurethane sponge disks were implanted into subcutaneous tissues on the backs of mice, and angiogenesis and expression of related factors were analyzed in sponge granulation tissues. Densities of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1)-positive vascular structures and PECAM-1 expression in sponge granulation tissues were increased over time in control mice and reduced in diabetic mice. The reductions in diabetic mice were accompanied by reduced expression of inducible cyclo-oxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. The prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP3 was downregulated in sponge granulation tissues in diabetic mice, whereas EP1, EP2, and EP4 were not. The expression of the proangiogenic growth factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) were both reduced in diabetic mice. Treatment of diabetic mice with a selective agonist of EP3, ONO-AE 248 (30 nmol/site/day, topical injection), reversed suppression of angiogenesis in diabetic mice. These results indicate that proangiogenic EP3 signaling is suppressed in diabetic mice with reduced expression of VEGF and SDF-1. Stimulation of EP3 signaling restored angiogenesis in a sponge implant model in mice with DM. This suggests that topical application of an EP3 agonist could be a novel strategy to treat foot ulcers in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Oba
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Okizaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Shichiri
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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Okizaki SI, Ito Y, Hosono K, Oba K, Ohkubo H, Amano H, Shichiri M, Majima M. Suppressed recruitment of alternatively activated macrophages reduces TGF-β1 and impairs wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 70:317-25. [PMID: 25677561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus inhibits wound-induced angiogenesis, impairing the wound healing process and leading to the development of chronic wounds. Impaired healing of diabetic wounds is caused by persistent pro-inflammatory macrophages recruited to the granulation tissue; however, little is known about the phenotype of the macrophages involved in diabetic wound healing. The present study was conducted to examine the involvement of macrophages in impaired wound healing using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. METHODS Full-thickness skin wounds were created on the backs of mice treated with STZ or vehicle. RESULTS Compared with controls, wound healing and angiogenesis were suppressed in STZ-treated mice, with attenuated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 in wound granulation tissue. STZ-treated mice exhibited enhanced recruitment of classically activated macrophages (M1) expressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and suppressed recruitment of alternatively activated macrophages (M2) expressing transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1). Treatment of diabetic mice with TGF-β1 restored wound healing and angiogenesis and normalized M1/M2 macrophage polarization in the granulation tissue. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that an imbalance of macrophage phenotypes contributes to impaired wound healing in STZ-induced diabetic mice, and treatment with cytokines derived from M2 macrophages may be an effective therapeutic strategy to increase angiogenesis and promote healing of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Okizaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Endocrinology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Departments of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Oba
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Departments of Endocrinology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hirotoki Ohkubo
- Departments of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Shichiri
- Departments of Endocrinology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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Ogawa F, Amano H, Eshima K, Ito Y, Matsui Y, Hosono K, Kitasato H, Iyoda A, Iwabuchi K, Kumagai Y, Satoh Y, Narumiya S, Majima M. Prostanoid induces premetastatic niche in regional lymph nodes. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4882-94. [PMID: 25271626 DOI: 10.1172/jci73530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is an important route for cancer dissemination, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) serves as a critical prognostic determinant in cancer patients. We investigated the contribution of COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the formation of a premetastatic niche and LNM. A murine model of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell metastasis revealed that COX-2 is expressed in DCs from the early stage in the lymph node subcapsular regions, and COX-2 inhibition markedly suppressed mediastinal LNM. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was elevated in DCs before LLC cell infiltration to the lymph nodes, and a COX-2 inhibitor, an SDF-1 antagonist, and a CXCR4 neutralizing antibody all reduced LNM. Moreover, LNM was reduced in mice lacking the PGE2 receptor EP3, and stimulation of cultured DCs with an EP3 agonist increased SDF-1 production. Compared with WT CD11c+ DCs, injection of EP3-deficient CD11c+ DCs dramatically reduced accumulation of SDF-1+CD11c+ DCs in regional LNs and LNM in LLC-injected mice. Accumulation of Tregs and lymph node lymphangiogenesis, which may influence the fate of metastasized tumor cells, was also COX-2/EP3-dependent. These results indicate that DCs induce a premetastatic niche during LNM via COX-2/EP3-dependent induction of SDF-1 and suggest that inhibition of this signaling axis may be an effective strategy to suppress premetastatic niche formation and LNM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/secondary
- Celecoxib
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dinoprostone/physiology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphangiogenesis
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
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Ohkubo H, Ito Y, Minamino T, Eshima K, Kojo K, Okizaki SI, Hirata M, Shibuya M, Watanabe M, Majima M. VEGFR1-positive macrophages facilitate liver repair and sinusoidal reconstruction after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105533. [PMID: 25162491 PMCID: PMC4146544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver repair after acute liver injury is characterized by hepatocyte proliferation, removal of necrotic tissue, and restoration of hepatocellular and hepatic microvascular architecture. Macrophage recruitment is essential for liver tissue repair and recovery from injury; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Signaling through vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) is suggested to play a role in macrophage migration and angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of VEGFR1 in liver repair and sinusoidal reconstruction after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase knockout mice (VEGFR1 TK-/- mice) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to hepatic warm I/R, and the processes of liver repair and sinusoidal reconstruction were examined. Compared with WT mice, VEGFR1 TK-/- mice exhibited delayed liver repair after hepatic I/R. VEGFR1-expressing macrophages recruited to the injured liver showed reduced expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF). VEGFR1 TK-/- mice also showed evidence of sustained sinusoidal functional and structural damage, and reduced expression of pro-angiogenic factors. Treatment of VEGFR1 TK-/- mice with EGF attenuated hepatoceullar and sinusoidal injury during hepatic I/R. VEGFR1 TK-/- bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice showed impaired liver repair and sinusoidal reconstruction, and reduced recruitment of VEGFR1-expressing macrophages to the injured liver. VEGFR1-macrophages recruited to the liver during hepatic I/R contribute to liver repair and sinusoidal reconstruction. VEGFR1 activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for promoting liver repair and sinusoidal restoration after acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoki Ohkubo
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Minamino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Kojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Okizaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Gakubunkan Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Takahashi R, Amano H, Satoh T, Iwamura M, Majima M. MP31-18 ROLES OF MICROSOMAL PROSTAGLANDIN E SYNTHASE-1 IN LUNG METASTASIS FORMATION IN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS IN MICE. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sato T, Amano H, Ito Y, Eshima K, Minamino T, Ae T, Katada C, Ohno T, Hosono K, Suzuki T, Shibuya M, Koizumi W, Majima M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 signaling facilitates gastric ulcer healing and angiogenesis through the upregulation of epidermal growth factor expression on VEGFR1+CXCR4 + cells recruited from bone marrow. J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:455-69. [PMID: 23982810 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-013-0869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is essential for gastric ulcer healing. Recent results suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), which binds to VEGF, promotes angiogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the role of VEGFR1 signaling in gastric ulcer healing and angiogenesis. METHODS Gastric ulcers were induced by serosal application of 100 % acetic acid in wild-type (WT) and tyrosine kinase-deficient VEGFR1 mice (VEGFR1 TK(-/-)). Bone marrow transplantation into irradiated WT mice was carried out using bone marrow cells isolated from WT and VEGFR1 TK(-/-) mice. RESULTS Ulcer healing was delayed in VEGFR1 TK(-/-) mice compared to WT mice and this was accompanied by decreased angiogenesis, as evidenced by reduced mRNA levels of CD31 and decreased microvessel density. Recruitment of cells expressing VEGFR1 and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was suppressed and epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression in ulcer granulation tissue was attenuated. Treatment of WT mice with neutralizing antibodies against VEGF or CXCR4 also delayed ulcer healing. In WT mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from VEGFR1 TK(-/-) mice, ulcer healing and angiogenesis were suppressed, and this was associated with reduced recruitment of bone marrow cells to ulcer granulation tissue. VEGFR1 TK(-/-) bone marrow chimeras also exhibited downregulation of EGF expression on CXCR4(+)VEGFR1(+) cells recruited from the bone marrow into ulcer lesions. CONCLUSION VEGFR1-mediated signaling plays a critical role in gastric ulcer healing and angiogenesis through enhanced EGF expression on VEGFR1(+)CXCR4(+) cells recruited from the bone marrow into ulcer granulation tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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Ogawa F, Amano H, Ito Y, Matsui Y, Hosono K, Kitasato H, Satoh Y, Majima M. Aspirin reduces lung cancer metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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