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Eikelboom JW, Kruger PC. Urinary thromboxane and risk of cardiovascular events: role of aspirin. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1368-1370. [PMID: 38445763 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John W Eikelboom
- Population Health Research Institute, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation and McMaster University, Hamilton, L8L 2X2 Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Kruger
- Department of Haematology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
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2
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Turnbull RE, Hafeez A, Sander KN, Barrett DA, Murphy GJ, Goodall AH. Unfractionated heparin reverses aspirin inhibition of platelets during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8572. [PMID: 38609431 PMCID: PMC11015001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is an effective antithrombotic during surgery but has known adverse effects, in particular on platelets. A marked increase in platelet responsiveness has previously been observed in patients within minutes of receiving UFH, despite adequate inhibition by aspirin prior to heparin. We studied this phenomenon in patients undergoing cardiac artery bypass grafting (n = 17) to determine whether the effects of heparin were systemic or platelet-specific. All patients' platelets were fully inhibited by aspirin prior to surgery, but within 3 min of receiving heparin spontaneous aggregation and responses to arachidonic acid (AA) and ADP increased significantly (p ≥ 0.0002), and activated platelets were found in the circulation. While there was no rise in thromboxane in the plasma following heparin, levels of the major platelet 12-lipoxygenase product, 12-HETE, rose significantly. Mixing experiments demonstrated that the changes caused by heparin resided primarily in the platelets, while addition of AA pathway inhibitors, and analysis of oxylipins provided evidence that, following heparin, aggregating platelets regained their ability to synthesise thromboxane. These findings highlight potentially unrecognised pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory changes during CABG surgery, and provide further evidence of adverse effects associated with UFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Turnbull
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HB, UK.
| | - Azhar Hafeez
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Katrin N Sander
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gavin J Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Barton BA, Kronsberg SS, Hariri E, Vasan RS, Rade GA, Xanthakis V, Kickler TS, Rade JJ. Adjustment for Renal Function Improves the Prognostic Performance of Urinary Thromboxane Metabolites. Clin Chem 2024; 70:660-668. [PMID: 38416712 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic thromboxane A2 generation, assessed by quantifying the concentration of stable thromboxane B2 metabolites (TXB2-M) in the urine adjusted for urinary creatinine, is strongly associated with mortality risk. We sought to define optimal TXB2-M cutpoints for aspirin users and nonusers and determine if adjusting TXB2-M for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in addition to urinary creatinine improved mortality risk assessment. METHODS Urinary TXB2-M were measured by competitive ELISA in 1363 aspirin users and 1681 nonusers participating in the Framingham Heart Study. Cutpoints were determined for TXB2-M and TXB2-M/eGFR using log-rank statistics and used to assess mortality risk by Cox proportional hazard modeling and restricted mean survival time. Multivariable models were compared using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). A cohort of 105 aspirin users with heart failure was used for external validation. RESULTS Optimized cutpoints of TXB2-M were 1291 and 5609 pg/mg creatinine and of TXB2-M/eGFR were 16.6 and 62.1 filtered prostanoid units (defined as pg·min/creatinine·mL·1.73 m2), for aspirin users and nonusers, respectively. TXB2-M/eGFR cutpoints provided more robust all-cause mortality risk discrimination than TXB2-M cutpoints, with a larger unadjusted hazard ratio (2.88 vs 2.16, AIC P < 0.0001) and greater differences in restricted mean survival time between exposure groups (1.46 vs 1.10 years), findings that were confirmed in the external validation cohort of aspirin users. TXB2-M/eGFR cutpoints also provided better cardiovascular/stroke mortality risk discrimination than TXB2-M cutpoints (unadjusted hazard ratio 3.31 vs 2.13, AIC P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Adjustment for eGFR strengthens the association of urinary TXB2-M with long-term mortality risk irrespective of aspirin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Barton
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Shari S Kronsberg
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Essa Hariri
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Boston University Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA, United States
- University of Texas School of Public Health in San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Grace A Rade
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Jeffrey J Rade
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Wurtzel JGT, Lazar S, Askari S, Zhao X, Severa J, Ayombil F, Michael JV, Camire RM, McKenzie SE, Stalker TJ, Ma P, Goldfinger LE. Plasma growth factors maintain constitutive translation in platelets to regulate reactivity and thrombotic potential. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1550-1566. [PMID: 38163324 PMCID: PMC10982986 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mechanisms of proteostasis in anucleate circulating platelets are unknown and may regulate platelet function. We investigated the hypothesis that plasma-borne growth factors/hormones (GFHs) maintain constitutive translation in circulating platelets to facilitate reactivity. Bio-orthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed constitutive translation of a broad-spectrum translatome in human platelets dependent upon plasma or GFH exposure, and in murine circulation. Freshly isolated platelets from plasma showed homeostatic activation of translation-initiation signaling pathways: phosphorylation of p38/ERK upstream kinases, essential intermediate MNK1/2, and effectors eIF4E/4E-BP1. Plasma starvation led to loss of pathway phosphorylation, but it was fully restored with 5-minute stimulation by plasma or GFHs. Cycloheximide or puromycin infusion suppressed ex vivo platelet GpIIb/IIIa activation and P-selectin exposure with low thrombin concentrations and low-to-saturating concentrations of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) or thromboxane analog but not convulxin. ADP-induced thromboxane generation was blunted by translation inhibition, and secondary-wave aggregation was inhibited in a thromboxane-dependent manner. Intravenously administered puromycin reduced injury-induced clot size in cremaster muscle arterioles, and delayed primary hemostasis after tail tip amputation but did not delay neither final hemostasis after subsequent rebleeds, nor final hemostasis after jugular vein puncture. In contrast, these mice were protected from injury-induced arterial thrombosis and thrombin-induced pulmonary thromboembolism (PE), and adoptive transfer of translation-inhibited platelets into untreated mice inhibited arterial thrombosis and PE. Thus, constitutive plasma GFH-driven translation regulates platelet G protein-coupled receptor reactivity to balance hemostasis and thrombotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy G. T. Wurtzel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sophia Lazar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shayan Askari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jenna Severa
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Francis Ayombil
- Division of Hematology and the Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - James V. Michael
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rodney M. Camire
- Division of Hematology and the Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Steven E. McKenzie
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Timothy J. Stalker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Peisong Ma
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lawrence E. Goldfinger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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5
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Petrucci G, Hatem D, Langley R, Cleary S, Gentry-Maharaj A, Pitocco D, Rizzi A, Ranalli P, Zaccardi F, Habib A, Rocca B. Effect of very long-term storage and multiple freeze and thaw cycles on 11-dehydro-thromboxane-B 2 and 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α, levels in human urine samples by validated enzyme immunoassays. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5546. [PMID: 38448541 PMCID: PMC10917770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological samples are often frozen and stored for years and/or thawed multiple times, thus assessing their stability on long-term storage and repeated freeze-thaw cycles is crucial. The study aims were to assess:-the long-term stability of two major enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolites of arachidonic acid, i.e. urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane-(Tx) B2, 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F2α, and creatinine in frozen urine samples;-the effect of multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Seven-hundred and three urine samples measured in previously-published studies, stored at -40 °C, and measured for a second time for 11-dehydro-TxB2 (n = 677) and/or 8-iso-PGF2α (n = 114) and/or creatinine (n = 610) were stable over 10 years and the 2 measurements were highly correlated (all rho = 0.99, P < 0.0001). Urine samples underwent 10 sequential freeze-thaw cycles, with and without the antioxidant 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (10 mM); urinary 11-dehydro-TxB2 and creatinine were stable across all cycles (11-dehydro-TxB2: 100.4 ± 21%; creatinine: 101 ± 7% of baseline at cycle ten; n = 17), while 8-iso-PGF2α significantly increased by cycle 6 (151 ± 22% of baseline at cycle ten, n = 17, P < 0.05) together with hydrogen peroxide only in the absence of antioxidant. Arachidonic acid metabolites and creatinine appear stable in human urines stored at -40 °C over 10 years. Multiple freeze-thaw cycles increase urinary 8-iso-PGF2α in urine samples without antioxidants. These data are relevant for studies using urine samples stored over long-term and/or undergoing multiple freezing-thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Petrucci
- Department of Bioethics and Safety, Section of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Duaa Hatem
- Department of Bioethics and Safety, Section of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruth Langley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Units at University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Siobhan Cleary
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Units at University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | | | - Dario Pitocco
- Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzi
- Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Ranalli
- Department of Hematology, S. Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Department of Bioethics and Safety, Section of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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6
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Gurbel PA, Bliden KP, Kundan P, Kraft D, Parekh R, Singh S, Babu AD, Shah AP, Chaudhary R, Tantry US. Early assessment of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects following acetylsalicylic acid loading: toward a definition for acute therapeutic response. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2024; 57:21-28. [PMID: 38066385 PMCID: PMC10830588 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of investigations, the optimal assessment of the "therapeutic response" to early after loading dose of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) remains unclear. Limited information is available on the relation between pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) measurements assessed immediately after ASA administration. Serial PD and PK analyses were performed immediately after a single 162 or 650 mg dose of chewed and swallowed ASA in ten healthy adults. ASA response was defined as > 95% inhibition of serum thromboxane (Tx)B2, < 550 aspirin reaction units (ARU) by VerifyNow Aspirin (VN) test, and ≤ 20% arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation (PA). Correlation analyses between PK and PD measurements and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. ASA response measured by VN test and AA-induced PA was achieved within 30 min of ASA administration. A correlation was observed between ARU and AA-induced maximum PA (r = 0.69, p < 0.001), serum TxB2 (r = 0.74 and p < 0.001), and serum TxB2 inhibition (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). In ROC curve analyses, ≤ 558 ARU and ≤ 7% AA-induced PA were associated with > 95% inhibition of TxB2. 686 ng/ml plasma ASA cut-off point was associated with > 95% inhibition of serum TxB2, ≤ 7% 1 mM AA-induced PA, and ≤ 585 ARU. A modest ~ 50% inhibition of TxB2 inhibition was associated with marked inhibition of 1 mM AA-induced platelet aggregation by LTA. Our analyses demonstrated important relationships between pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic parameters measured immediately following oral ASA and cutoff values for ARU and AA-induced PA that is associated with > 95% inhibition of serum TxB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Gurbel
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA.
| | - Kevin P Bliden
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Parshotam Kundan
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Danielle Kraft
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Rueshil Parekh
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Sahib Singh
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Aravind D Babu
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Anika P Shah
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
| | - Rahul Chaudhary
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Artificial Intelligence for Holistic Evaluation and Advancement of Cardiovascular Thrombosis, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Udaya S Tantry
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21209, USA
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Halvorson BD, Bao Y, Singh KK, Frisbee SJ, Hachinski V, Whitehead SN, Melling CWJ, Chantler PD, Goldman D, Frisbee JC. Thromboxane-induced cerebral microvascular rarefaction predicts depressive symptom emergence in metabolic disease. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:122-140. [PMID: 37969083 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00410.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the loss of microvessel density in the peripheral circulation with evolving metabolic disease severity represents a significant contributor to impaired skeletal muscle oxygenation and fatigue-resistance. Based on this and our recent work, we hypothesized that cerebral microvascular rarefaction was initiated from the increased prooxidant and proinflammatory environment with metabolic disease and is predictive of the severity of the emergence of depressive symptoms in obese Zucker rats (OZRs). In male OZR, cerebrovascular rarefaction followed the emergence of elevated oxidant and inflammatory environments characterized by increased vascular production of thromboxane A2 (TxA2). The subsequent emergence of depressive symptoms in OZR was associated with the timing and severity of the rarefaction. Chronic intervention with antioxidant (TEMPOL) or anti-inflammation (pentoxifylline) therapy blunted the severity of rarefaction and depressive symptoms, although the effectiveness was limited. Blockade of TxA2 production (dazmegrel) or action (SQ-29548) resulted in a stronger therapeutic effect, suggesting that vascular production and action represent a significant contributor to rarefaction and the emergence of depressive symptoms with chronic metabolic disease (although other pathways clearly contribute as well). A de novo biosimulation of cerebrovascular oxygenation in the face of progressive rarefaction demonstrates the increased probability of generating hypoxic regions within the microvascular networks, which could contribute to impaired neuronal metabolism and the emergence of depressive symptoms. The results of the present study also implicate the potential importance of aggressive prodromic intervention in reducing the severity of chronic complications arising from metabolic disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY With clinical studies linking vascular disease risk to depressive symptom emergence, we used obese Zucker rats, a model of chronic metabolic disease, to identify potential mechanistic links between these two negative outcomes. Depressive symptom severity correlated with the extent of cerebrovascular rarefaction, after increased vascular oxidant stress/inflammation and TxA2 production. Anti-TxA2 interventions prevasculopathy blunted rarefaction and depressive symptoms, while biosimulation indicated that cerebrovascular rarefaction increased hypoxia within capillary networks as a potential contributing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brayden D Halvorson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie J Frisbee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir Hachinski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn N Whitehead
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C W James Melling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D Chantler
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jefferson C Frisbee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Suwatthanarak T, Tanjak P, Suwatthanarak T, Acharayothin O, Thanormjit K, Chaiboonchoe A, Tawantanakorn T, Phalanusitthepha C, Trakarnsanga A, Methasate A, Pithukpakorn M, Okamoto R, Chinswangwatanakul V. Exploring extracellular matrix and prostaglandin pathway alterations across varying resection margin distances of right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1202. [PMID: 38062443 PMCID: PMC10702019 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection followed by indicated adjuvant therapy offers potential curative treatment in colonic adenocarcinoma. Beyond the well-established seed and soil theory of colon cancer progression, the 'normal-appearing' tissues near the tumor are not genuinely normal and remain as remnants in patients following surgery. Our objective was to elucidate the alteration of gene expression and pathways across various distances of resection margins in right-sided colonic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Twenty-seven fresh samples of primary cancer and 56 matched non-tumor tissues adjacent to the tumor (NAT) were collected from patients with resectable right-sided colon cancer. NAT were systematically obtained at varying distances (1, 5, and 10 cm) on both proximal and distal sides. Comprehensive gene expression analysis was performed using 770-gene PanCancer Progression Panel, delineating distinctive pathways and functional predictions for each region. RESULTS Distinctive gene signatures and pathways exhibited by normal-appearing tissues were discovered at varying distances from cancer. Notably, SFRP2, PTGDS, COL1A1, IL1B, THBS2, PTGIS, COL1A2, NPR1, and BGN were upregulated, while ENPEP, MMP1, and NRCAM were downregulated significantly in 1-cm tissue compared to farther distances. Substantial alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and prostaglandin/thromboxane synthesis were significantly evident at the 1-cm distance. Functional analysis indicated enhanced cell viability and survival, alongside reduced cellular death and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Different distances exerted a significant impact on gene alteration within the normal-looking mucosa surrounding primary cancer, influenced by various mechanisms. These findings may highlight potential therapeutic targets related to the ECM and prostaglandin/thromboxane pathways for treatment strategies.
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Grants
- R016241047 Foundation for Cancer Care, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand
- R016241047 Foundation for Cancer Care, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand
- R016241047 Foundation for Cancer Care, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand
- R016241047 Foundation for Cancer Care, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand
- R016241047 Foundation for Cancer Care, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand
- 63-117 Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) of Thailand
- 63-117 Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) of Thailand
- 63-117 Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) of Thailand
- 63-117 Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) of Thailand
- 63-117 Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI) of Thailand
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharathorn Suwatthanarak
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Joint Degree Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences between Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pariyada Tanjak
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Suwatthanarak
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onchira Acharayothin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kullanist Thanormjit
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amphun Chaiboonchoe
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Systems Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thikhamporn Tawantanakorn
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Phalanusitthepha
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Atthaphorn Trakarnsanga
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Asada Methasate
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Manop Pithukpakorn
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ryuichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vitoon Chinswangwatanakul
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 12th Floor, Syamindra Building, 2, Prannok Road, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
- Siriraj Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Lu R, Li Y, Xu A, King B, Ruan KH. Reprogramming Megakaryocytes for Controlled Release of Platelet-like Particles Carrying a Single-Chain Thromboxane A 2 Receptor-G-Protein Complex with Therapeutic Potential. Cells 2023; 12:2775. [PMID: 38132095 PMCID: PMC10741393 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we reported that novel single-chain fusion proteins linking thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor (TP) to a selected G-protein α-subunit q (SC-TP-Gαq) or to α-subunit s (SC-TP-Gαs) could be stably expressed in megakaryocytes (MKs). We tested the MK-released platelet-linked particles (PLPs) to be used as a vehicle to deliver the overexpressed SC-TP-Gαq or the SC-TP-Gαs to regulate human platelet function. To understand how the single-chain TP-Gα fusion proteins could regulate opposite platelet activities by an identical ligand TXA2, we tested their dual functions-binding to ligands and directly linking to different signaling pathways within a single polypeptide chain-using a 3D structural model. The immature MKs were cultured and transfected with cDNAs constructed from structural models of the individual SC-TP-Gαq and SC-TP-Gαs, respectively. After transient expression was identified, the immature MKs stably expressing SC-TP-Gαq or SC-TP-Gαs (stable cell lines) were selected. The stable cell lines were induced into mature MKs which released PLPs. Western blot analysis confirmed that the released PLPs were carrying the recombinant SC-TP-Gαq or SC-TP-Gαs. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the PLPs carrying SC-TP-Gαq were able to perform the activity by promoting platelet aggregation. In contrast, PLPs carrying SC-TP-Gαs reversed Gq to Gs signaling to inhibit platelet aggregation. This is the first time demonstrating that SC-TP-Gαq and SC-TP-Gαs were successfully overexpressed in MK cells and released as PLPs with proper folding and programmed biological activities. This bio-engineering led to the formation of two sets of biologically active PLP forms mediating calcium and cAMP signaling, respectively. As a result, these PLPs are able to bind to identical endogenous TXA2 with opposite activities, inhibiting and promoting platelet aggregation as reprogrammed for therapeutic process. Results also demonstrated that the nucleus-free PLPs could be used to deliver recombinant membrane-bound GPCRs to regulate cellular activity in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ke-He Ruan
- The Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Pharmacoinformatics, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (B.K.)
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10
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Guo T, Liu B, Zeng R, Lin R, Guo J, Yu G, Xu Y, Tan X, Xie K, Zhou Y. The vasoconstrictor activities of prostaglandin D 2 via the thromboxane prostanoid receptor and E prostanoid receptor-3 outweigh its concurrent vasodepressor effect mainly through D prostanoid receptor-1 ex vivo and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175963. [PMID: 37543159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) D2, a commonly considered vasodilator through D prostanoid receptor-1 (DP1), might also evoke vasoconstriction via acting on the thromboxane (Tx)-prostanoid receptor (the original receptor of TxA2; TP) and/or E prostanoid receptor-3 (one of the vasoconstrictor receptors of PGE2; EP3). This study aimed to test the above hypothesis in the mouse renal vascular bed (main renal arteries and perfused kidneys) and/or mesenteric resistance arteries and determine how the vasoconstrictor mechanism influences the overall PGD2 effect on systemic blood pressure under in vivo conditions. Experiments were performed on control wild-type (WT) mice and mice with deficiencies in TP (TP-/-) and/or EP3 (EP3-/-). Here we show that PGD2 indeed evoked vasoconstrictor responses in the above-mentioned tissues of WT mice, which were however not only reduced by TP-/- or EP3-/-, but also reversed by TP-/-/EP3-/- in some of the above tissues (mesenteric resistance arteries or perfused kidneys) to dilator reactions that were reduced by non-selective DP antagonism. A slight or mild pressor response was also observed with PGD2 under in vivo conditions, and this was again reversed to a depressor response in TP-/- or TP-/-/EP3-/- mice. Non-selective DP antagonism reduced the PGD2-evoked depressor response in TP-/-/EP3-/- mice as well. These results thus demonstrate that like other PGs, PGD2 activates TP and/or EP3 to evoke vasoconstrictor activities, which can outweigh its concurrent vasodepressor activity mediated mainly through DP1, and hence result in a pressor response, although the response might only be of a slight or mild extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Guo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Ruhui Zeng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jinwei Guo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yineng Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiangzhai Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kaiqi Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingbi Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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11
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Schoenthaler M, Waltl L, Hasenoehrl T, Seher D, Lutz A, Aulinger L, Temml V, König S, Siller A, Braun DE, Garscha U, Werz O, Schuster D, Schennach H, Koeberle A, Matuszczak B. Novel thiazolopyridine derivatives of diflapolin as dual sEH/FLAP inhibitors with improved solubility. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106685. [PMID: 37418786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by a plethora of lipid mediators, and perturbations of their biosynthesis or degradation hinder resolution and lead to uncontrolled inflammation, which contributes to diverse pathologies. Small molecules that induce a switch from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory lipid mediators are considered valuable for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are afflicted with side effects caused by the inhibition of beneficial prostanoid formation and redirection of arachidonic acid (AA) into alternative pathways. Multi-target inhibitors like diflapolin, the first dual inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP), promise improved efficacy and safety but are confronted by poor solubility and bioavailability. Four series of derivatives bearing isomeric thiazolopyridines as bioisosteric replacement of the benzothiazole core and two series additionally containing mono- or diaza-isosteres of the phenylene spacer were designed and synthesized to improve solubility. The combination of thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine, a pyridinylen spacer and a 3,5-Cl2-substituted terminal phenyl ring (46a) enhances solubility and FLAP antagonism, while preserving sEH inhibition. Moreover, the thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine derivative 41b, although being a less potent sEH/FLAP inhibitor, additionally decreases thromboxane production in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We conclude that the introduction of nitrogen, depending on the position, not only enhances solubility and FLAP antagonism (46a), but also represents a valid strategy to expand the scope of application towards inhibition of thromboxane biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schoenthaler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lorenz Waltl
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Hasenoehrl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Seher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lucia Aulinger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefanie König
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anita Siller
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Doris Elfriede Braun
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Josef-Moeller-Haus, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Harald Schennach
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Barbara Matuszczak
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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12
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Furue A, Hattori K, Hosono K, Tanabe M, Sato E, Honda M, Sekiguchi K, Ito Y, Majima M, Narumiya S, Kato K, Amano H. Inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometriosis growth and neovascularization. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:192. [PMID: 37654213 PMCID: PMC10502949 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is highly dependent on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been shown to promote the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels. However, the role of another arachidonic acid metabolite, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during endometriosis remains largely unexplored. Using a murine model of ectopic endometrial transplantation, fragments from the endometrium of WT donor mice were transplanted into the peritoneal walls of recipient WT mice (WT→WT), resulting in an increase in both the area and density of blood and lymphatic vessels. Upon transplantation of endometrial tissue from thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor (TXA2 receptor)‑deficient (TP‑/‑) mice into TP‑/‑ mice (TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑), an increase in implant growth, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis were observed along with upregulation of pro‑angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Similar results were obtained using a thromboxane synthase (TXS) inhibitor in WT→WT mice. Furthermore, TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑ mice had a higher number of F4/80+ cells than that of WT→WT mice, with increased expression of genes related to the anti‑inflammatory macrophage phenotype in endometrial lesions. In cultured bone marrow (BM)‑derived macrophages, the levels of VEGF‑A, VEGF‑C, and VEGF‑D decreased in a TP‑dependent manner. Furthermore, TP signaling affected the polarization of cultured BM‑derived macrophages to the anti‑inflammatory phenotype. These findings imply that inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometrial implant growth and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Furue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Erina Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masako Honda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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13
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Wickham KA, Nørregaard LB, Lundberg Slingsby MH, Cheung SS, Hellsten Y. High-Intensity Exercise Training Improves Basal Platelet Prostacyclin Sensitivity and Potentiates the Response to Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy in Postmenopausal Women. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101501. [PMID: 36291709 PMCID: PMC9599223 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of thrombotic events dramatically increases with age and may be accelerated in women by the cessation of endogenous estrogen production at menopause. Patients at risk of thrombosis are prescribed dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT; aspirin and a P2Y12 antagonist) and are encouraged to participate in regular physical activity, as these modalities improve nitric oxide and prostacyclin-mediated inhibition of platelet aggregation. Methods: We assessed prostacyclin sensitivity as well as basal platelet reactivity with and without in vitro DAPT before and after an 8-week high-intensity exercise training program in 13 healthy, sedentary postmenopausal women. The training intervention consisted of three 1 h sessions per week. Isolated platelets were analyzed for thromboxane A2 receptor, thromboxane A2 synthase, cyclooxygenase-1, and prostacyclin receptor protein expression. Additionally, plasma 6-keto prostaglandin F1α and thromboxane B2 levels were determined. Results: Exercise training made platelets more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of prostacyclin on thromboxane-, collagen-, and adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP)-induced aggregation, as well as thrombin-receptor activator peptide 6- and ADP-induced aggregation with DAPT. However, there was no change in protein expression from isolated platelets or plasma thromboxane B2 and prostacyclin levels following training. Conclusion: Together, these findings emphasize the importance of promoting physical activity as a tool for reducing thrombotic risk in postmenopausal women and suggest that training status should be considered when prescribing DAPT in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Wickham
- August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Environmental Ergonomics Lab, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Line B. Nørregaard
- August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martina H. Lundberg Slingsby
- August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephen S. Cheung
- Environmental Ergonomics Lab, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ylva Hellsten
- August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Patrono
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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15
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Raparelli V, Nocella C, Proietti M, Romiti GF, Corica B, Bartimoccia S, Stefanini L, Lenzi A, Viceconte N, Tanzilli G, Cammisotto V, Pilote L, Cangemi R, Basili S, Carnevale R. Testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and platelet thromboxane release in ischemic heart disease: the EVA project. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1367-1377. [PMID: 35262860 PMCID: PMC9184432 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the interplay between sexual hormones balance, platelet function and clinical outcomes of adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) are still lacking. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between the Testosterone (T)-to-Estradiol (E2) Ratio (T/E2) and platelet activation biomarkers in IHD and its predictive value on adverse outcomes. METHODS The EVA study is a prospective observational study of consecutive hospitalized adults with IHD undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary interventions. Serum T/E2 ratios E2, levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and nitrates (NO), were measured at admission and major adverse events, including all-cause mortality, were collected during a long-term follow-up. RESULTS Among 509 adults with IHD (mean age 67 ± 11 years, 30% females), males were older with a more adverse cluster of cardiovascular risk factors than females. Acute coronary syndrome and non-obstructive coronary artery disease were more prevalent in females versus males. The lower sex-specific T/E2 ratios identified adults with the highest level of serum TxB2 and the lowest NO levels. During a median follow-up of 23.7 months, the lower sex-specific T/E2 was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR 3.49; 95% CI 1.24-9.80; p = 0.018). In in vitro, platelets incubated with T/E2 ratios comparable to those measured in vivo in the lowest quartile showed increased platelet activation as indicated by higher levels of aggregation and TxB2 production. CONCLUSION Among adults with IHD, higher T/E2 ratio was associated with a lower long-term risk of fatal events. The effect of sex hormones on the platelet thromboxane release may partially explain such finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Raparelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - C Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Proietti
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - G F Romiti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - B Corica
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Bartimoccia
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - L Stefanini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - N Viceconte
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Tanzilli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Cammisotto
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Speciality Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Pilote
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Cangemi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Basili
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Carnevale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
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16
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Braun H, Hauke M, Eckenstaler R, Petermann M, Ripperger A, Kühn N, Schwedhelm E, Ludwig-Kraus B, Kraus FB, Dubourg V, Zernecke A, Schreier B, Gekle M, Benndorf RA. The F2-isoprostane 8-iso-PGF 2α attenuates atherosclerotic lesion formation in Ldlr-deficient mice - Potential role of vascular thromboxane A 2 receptors. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 185:36-45. [PMID: 35470061 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The F2-isoprostane 8-iso-PGF2α (also known as 15-F2t-isoprostane, iPF2α-III, 8-epi PGF2α, 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α, or 8-Isoprostane), a thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) agonist, stable biomarker of oxidative stress, and risk marker of cardiovascular disease, has been proposed to aggravate atherogenesis in genetic mouse models of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Moreover, the TP plays an eminent role in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction, atherogenesis, and cardiovascular disease. Yet it is unknown, how the TP expressed by vascular cells affects atherogenesis or 8-iso-PGF2α-related effects in mouse models of atherosclerosis. We studied Ldlr-deficient vascular endothelial-specific (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific TP knockout mice (TPECKO/Ldlr KO; TPVSMCKO/Ldlr KO) and corresponding wild-type littermates (TPWT/Ldlr KO). The mice were fed a Western-type diet for eight weeks and received either 8-iso-PGF2α or vehicle infusions via osmotic pumps. Subsequently, arterial blood pressure, atherosclerotic lesion formation, and lipid profiles were analyzed. We found that VSMC-, but not EC-specific TP deletion, attenuated atherogenesis without affecting blood pressure or plasma lipid profiles of the mice. In contrast to a previous report, 8-iso-PGF2α tended to reduce atherogenesis in TPWT/Ldlr KO and TPEC KO/Ldlr KO mice, again without significantly affecting blood pressure or lipid profiles of these mice. However, no further reduction in atherogenesis was observed in 8-iso-PGF2α-treated TPVSMC KO/Ldlr KO mice. Our work suggests that the TP expressed in VSMC but not the TP expressed in EC is involved in atherosclerotic lesion formation in Ldlr-deficient mice. Furthermore, we report an inhibitory effect of 8-iso-PGF2α on atherogenesis in this experimental atherosclerosis model, which paradoxically appears to be related to the presence of the TP in VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Braun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Hauke
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert Eckenstaler
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Petermann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Ripperger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Niklas Kühn
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Virginie Dubourg
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schreier
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ralf A Benndorf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Wang R, Wang J, Sun J, Yang K, Wang N, Qin B. PM 2.5 causes vascular hyperreactivity through the upregulation of the thromboxane A 2 receptor and activation of MAPK pathways. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:33095-33105. [PMID: 35025049 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major cardiovascular disease environmental risk factor. However, the underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. Thromboxane is widely known as an important vasoconstrictor substance that binds to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) in arteries and is involved in various cardiovascular diseases. This study examined the effect of PM2.5 on thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) in the mesenteric arteries and the underlying intracellular signal mechanisms (by focusing on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway). Rat mesenteric artery segments were exposed to PM2.5 in the presence of MAPK pathway inhibitors. The contractile reactivity of mesenteric arteries was analyzed using wire myography. The mRNA and protein expression of TP receptor and MAPK pathway molecules were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. Mesenteric artery receptor localization was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that TP receptor-mediated maximum contraction response was achieved after exposing arteries to 1.0 μg/mL PM2.5 for 16 h (Emax: 228 ± 16% of K+). Moreover, inhibitor U0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor), SB203580 (p38 inhibitor), and SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) depressed the increased TP receptor-mediated contractile responses (reduced rage were 17.9 ~ 59.6%). These inhibitors also decreased the increased mRNA expression and protein of the TP receptor induced by PM2.5 (reduced by more than 50% and 46%, respectively). The immunoreactivity of increased TP receptor expression was primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition, phosphorylation quantitative analysis showed that in the presence of MAPK inhibitors, the PM2.5-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK protein increased by more than 30.0 ~ 130.3%. These results suggest that PM2.5 upregulates the TP receptor of rat mesenteric arteries through activation of the ERK1/2, p38, and JNK MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Research Center for the Project of Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.
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18
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Patel P, Golla K, Naik UP. PDK1 governs thromboxane generation and thrombosis in platelets by regulating activation of Raf1 in the MAPK pathway: comment. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:1901-1904. [PMID: 29983001 PMCID: PMC6159878 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Patel
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Vascular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K Golla
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Vascular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - U P Naik
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Center for Vascular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Manne BK, Rondina MT. PDK1 governs thromboxane generation and thrombosis in platelets by regulating activation of Raf1 in the MAPK pathway: reply. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:1904-1905. [PMID: 29981265 PMCID: PMC6156920 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B K Manne
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pathology and the Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - M T Rondina
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pathology and the Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Care Center (GRECC), George E. Wahlen VAMC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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20
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Hanson SFL, Terry MH, Moretta DT, Power GG, Wilson SM, Alam F, Ahsan F, Blood AB, Giri PC. Inhaled Fasudil Lacks Pulmonary Selectivity in Thromboxane-Induced Acute Pulmonary Hypertension in Newborn Lambs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2018; 23:472-480. [PMID: 29756460 DOI: 10.1177/1074248418772814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a potentially deadly disease for infants and adults with few existing medical interventions and no cure. In PH, increased blood pressure in the pulmonary artery eventually leads to heart failure. Fasudil, an antagonist of Rho-kinase, causes vasodilation leading to decreased systemic artery pressure and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). This study compared the effects of fasudil administered as either an intravenous infusion or inhaled aerosol in newborn lambs. HYPOTHESIS Inhaled aerosol delivery of fasudil will provide selective pulmonary vasodilation when compared with intravenous administration. METHODS Newborn lambs (∼11 days) were surgically instrumented and mechanically ventilated under anesthesia. A pulmonary artery catheter and ultrasonic flow probe were inserted to measure hemodynamics. Acute PH was pharmaceutically induced via continuous intravenous infusion of thromboxane. After achieving a 2- to 3-fold elevation of PAP, fasudil was administered either as intravenous infusion (2.5 mg/kg) or inhaled aerosol (100 mg of fasudil in 2 mL of saline). Changes in PAP, mean systemic arterial pressure (MABP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), cardiac output, and heart rate were assessed. In addition, plasma concentrations of fasudil were measured. RESULTS Both routes of fasudil delivery produced significant decreases in PAP and PVR but also produced similar decreases in MABP and SVR. The Cmax for intravenous fasudil was greater than that for inhaled fasudil. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest inhaled fasudil lacks pulmonary selectivity when compared with intravenous fasudil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn F L Hanson
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael H Terry
- 2 Department of Respiratory Care, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Dafne T Moretta
- 3 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Gordon G Power
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- 4 Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- 4 Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Farzana Alam
- 5 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Fakhrul Ahsan
- 5 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Arlin B Blood
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- 4 Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Paresh C Giri
- 3 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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21
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Abstract
Interest in the Mediterranean diet (MD) has grown worldwide due to its link with greater longevity and lower cardiovascular disease rate, cancer and age cognitive decline. Despite the high complexity of its nutrients composition, olive oil emerges as its principal food, since it provides the higher percent of energy and a lot of bioactive compounds. In this review we will discuss the benefits of diets enriched in virgin olive oil, whose effects are probably due not only to its oleic acid content but also to its other potentially health-promoting components. Traditionally, the benefits of MD were linked to its effect on lipoprotein metabolism but today we realise that there exists a whole sheaf of other benefits, including the components of haemostasis: platelet function, thrombogenesis and fibrinolysis. A diet enriched in virgin olive oil can reduce the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation, decreasing von Willebrand and tromboxane B2 plasma levels. Moreover a particular interest has arisen about its capacity to decrease fasting Factor VII plasma levels and to avoid or modulate its postprandial activation. Also Tissue Factor expression in mononuclear cells could be reduced with the chronic intake of virgin olive oil and finally, studies performed in different experimental situation have shown that it could also increase fibrinolytic activity, reducing plasma concentration of Plasma Activator Inhibitor type-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipid and Arteriosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
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22
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Cheng Y, Wang M, Yu Y, Lawson J, Funk CD, FitzGerald GA. Cyclooxygenases, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1, and cardiovascular function. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:1391-9. [PMID: 16614756 PMCID: PMC1435722 DOI: 10.1172/jci27540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms by which inhibitors of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2; known colloquially as COX-2) increase the incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke. These inhibitors are believed to exert both their beneficial and their adverse effects by suppression of PGHS-2-derived prostacyclin (PGI(2)) and PGE(2). Therefore, the challenge remains to identify a mechanism whereby PGI(2) and PGE(2) expression can be suppressed while avoiding adverse cardiovascular events. Here, selective inhibition, knockout, or mutation of PGHS-2, or deletion of the receptor for PGHS-2-derived PGI(2), was shown to accelerate thrombogenesis and elevate blood pressure in mice. These responses were attenuated by COX-1 knock down, which mimics the beneficial effects of low-dose aspirin. PGE(2) biosynthesis is catalyzed by the coordinate actions of COX enzymes and microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1). We show that deletion of mPGES-1 depressed PGE(2) expression, augmented PGI(2) expression, and had no effect on thromboxane biosynthesis in vivo. Most importantly, mPGES-1 deletion affected neither thrombogenesis nor blood pressure. These results suggest that inhibitors of mPGES-1 may retain their antiinflammatory efficacy by depressing PGE(2), while avoiding the adverse cardiovascular consequences associated with PGHS-2-mediated PGI(2) suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Miao Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Lawson
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin D. Funk
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Kerendi F, Halkos ME, Corvera JS, Kin H, Zhao ZQ, Mosunjac M, Guyton RA, Vinten-Johansen J. Inhibition of myosin light chain kinase provides prolonged attenuation of radial artery vasospasm. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; 26:1149-55. [PMID: 15541976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Revised: 08/21/2004] [Accepted: 08/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current treatments for conduit vessel vasospasm are short-acting and do not inhibit all vasospastic stimuli. This study tests the hypothesis that irreversible inactivation of myosin light chain kinase provides sustained inhibition of arterial vasoconstriction stimulated by a spectrum of vasopressors. METHODS Canine radial artery segments were soaked for 60 min in control buffer or buffer with wortmannin, an irreversible inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase. The vessels were then thoroughly washed and contractile responses were quantified in response to a spectrum of vasopressors at 2 and 48 h after treatment. After 48 h, selected vessels were examined for morphologic changes and development of apoptosis. RESULTS Two hours after treatment, wortmannin-soaked vessels contracted significantly less than controls in response to norepinephrine (0.19+/-0.07 g vs. 7.22+/-0.37 g, P<0.001), serotonin (0.92+/-0.35 g vs. 9.64+/-0.67 g, P<0.001), thromboxane-mimetic U46619 (1.25+/-0.17 g vs. 10.99+/-0.50 g, P<0.001), and KCl (1.98+/-0.27 g vs.15.00+/-0.48 g, P<0.001). At 48 h, vasoconstriction remained significantly inhibited in wortmannin-treated vessels compared to control vessels in response to norepinephrine (2.36+/-0.17 vs. 6.95+/-0.47 g, P<0.001), serotonin (4.67+/-0.39 vs. 12.42+/-0.70 g, P<0.001), U46619 (5.42+/-0.34 vs. 9.29+/-0.74 g, P=0.008), and KCl (7.49+/-0.48 vs. 13.32+/-0.60 g, P<0.001). Histology of wortmannin-treated vessels revealed no overt smooth muscle or endothelial cell damage. TUNEL staining revealed a significantly greater proportion of apoptotic smooth muscle and endothelial cells in wortmannin-treated vessels as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Disengaging the smooth muscle contractile apparatus by irreversibly binding myosin light chain kinase with wortmannin significantly attenuates radial artery vasoconstriction up to 48 h after brief treatment. This novel strategy may prevent vasospasm of arterial grafts from all causes for several postoperative days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Kerendi
- Cardiothoracic Research Lab, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, 550 Peachtree Street, NE, Atlanta, GA 30308-2225, USA
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to corticosteroids, there are increasing numbers of anti-inflammatory agents that specifically target bioactive lipids generated from arachidonic acid. Knowledge of the diverse mechanisms of action of these different bioactive lipids holds promise in the therapy of a wide spectrum of cutaneous and systemic disorders. OBJECTIVE Therapeutic manipulations of these lipid molecules through inhibition, stimulation, or direct replacement have broad physiologic effects. These therapeutic strategies not only modulate inflammation, pain, and hemostatic parameters, they also play a role in cardiac, respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal function and disease, as well as in angiogenesis and in factors that control cell growth and apoptosis important in carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION Newer drug discovery methods, including combinatorial chemistry with molecular modeling, have made it possible to develop inhibitors and analogs with increasing specificity and bioactivity and decreasing toxicity. Although the application of these analogs and inhibitors for cutaneous disease is limited today, either as primary agents or adjuvant therapy, these drugs will have a place in our therapeutic regimes of the future. We present a review of the therapeutic agents now available from manipulation of these bioactive lipids, and their role and future in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J Smith
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0009, USA.
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26
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Choi JH, Yu BP. Dietary restriction as a modulator of age-related changes in rat kidney prostaglandin production. J Nutr Health Aging 2001; 2:167-71. [PMID: 10995061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) levels in kidney glomeruli isolated from rats under the dietary restriction (DR) regimen were investigated beginning at 6 weeks of age. The modulation of age and DR on PGs, thromboxane (TXA), and their precursor fatty acids were documented for PGE2, PGF2, 6 keto-PGF1, and TXA2 status in aged kidney. The results show that PGE2 and PGF2 production by the glomeruli of DR rats were consistently higher (10-17% and 11-25%, respectively) than in those of AL rats. Although levels of the potent vasodilator, PGI2 (as determined by 6 keto-PGF1,) were shown to decrease after 12 months of age in AL rats, steady levels were shown throughout life in DR rats. In contrast, levels of the typical vasoconstrictor, TXA2, were markedly elevated in AL rats compared to DR rats. As a consequence, PGI2/TXA2 ratios were shown to be decreased in AL rats, while remaining well-maintained in DR rats throughout lifespan. These results indicate that the life-prolonging action of DR attenuates age-related prostaglandin imbalances to preserve and maintain the autoregulation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and other related kidney functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Pusan, Korea
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27
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Cui ZH, Okazawa A, Skoogh BE, Lötvall J. Different effects of a thromboxane mimetic on blood flow and plasma exudation in guinea pig airways and skeletal muscle. Prostaglandins 1997; 53:263-77. [PMID: 9167213 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(97)89600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is a potent constrictor of both airway and vascular smooth muscle. In addition, plasma exudation is induced in the airways by a thromboxane mimetic (U-46619). Because plasma exudation is associated with a local vasodilatation and increased local blood flow, we hypothesized that the general vasoconstrictor effect of U-46619 would be weaker in the airways than in other vascular beds, perhaps resulting in increased local airway blood flow. We studied the effects of i.v. U-46619 on blood pressure, lung resistance as well as blood flow, plasma exudation in airways and leg skeletal muscle in guinea pigs. We found (1) i.v. U-46619 increases the systemic blood pressure, blood flow in tracheal mucosa but decreases blood flow in leg skeletal muscle; (2) i.v. U-46619 induces plasma exudation in the airways, but not in the leg skeletal muscle; (3) a positive relationship between blood pressure and tracheal blood flow as well as airway plasma exudation, a negative relationship between blood pressure and blood flow in leg skeletal muscle; (4) i.v. U-46619 significantly increases lung resistance. We conclude that i.v. U-46619 induces plasma exudation in airways but not in skeletal muscle, and that this plasma exudation is associated with the increased local blood flow, which in turn is caused by increased inflow pressure and redistribution of the total body blood flow to the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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28
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Morrow JD, Minton TA, Roberts LJ. The F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2 alpha, a potent agonist of the vascular thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor, is a platelet thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor antagonist. Prostaglandins 1992; 44:155-63. [PMID: 1438879 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(92)90077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
F2-isoprostanes are a recently discovered series of prostaglandin (PG)F2-like compounds that are produced in vivo in humans by nonenzymatic free radical catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid. One of the compounds that can be produced in abundance by this mechanism is 8-epi-PGF2 alpha. 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is a potent vasoconstrictor in the rat, an effect that has been shown to be mediated via interaction with vascular thromboxane (TxA2)/endoperoxide (PGH2) receptors. In an effort to further understand the biological properties of this prostanoid in relation to its ability to interact with TxA2/PGH2 receptors, we examined its effects on human and rat platelets. At concentrations of 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M, 8-epi-PGF2 alpha induced only a shape change in human platelets and at higher concentrations (10(-4) M) induced reversible but not irreversible aggregation. Both the shape change and reversible aggregation were unaffected by indomethacin but were inhibited by the TxA2/PGH2 receptor antagonist SQ29548. Conversely, 8-epi-PGF2 alpha inhibited platelet aggregation induced by the TxA2/PGH2 receptor agonists U46619 (10(-6) M) and IBOP (3.3 x 10(-7) M) with an IC50 of 1.6 x 10(-6) M and 1.8 x 10(-6) M, respectively. 8-epi-PGF2 alpha also inhibited platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid. Similarly, in rat platelets, 8-epi-PGF2 alpha alone induced only modest reversible aggregation but completely inhibited U46619-induced aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Morrow
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6602
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29
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Reyes JL, Nava E, Namorado MC. Receptor-mediated effect of a synthetic thromboxane-analogue on cytosolic calcium in isolated proximal tubules. Prostaglandins 1992; 44:145-54. [PMID: 1438878 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(92)90076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to measure cytosolic calcium concentration -[Ca2+]i- under resting conditions in isolated renal proximal tubules and to analyze the effect of U-46619 (stable analogue of thromboxane A2/PGH2 on [Ca2+]i in a mammalian epithelium. Proximal tubules were dissected out from male New Zealand rabbits (2.5 to 3.0 kg). After isolation they were washed twice and resuspended in 2 ml phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Tubules were loaded with Quin 2-AM (25 microM) for 15 min. After washing with PBS to eliminate the excess of extracellular Quin 2, fluorescence was measured at 340 nm excitation and 490 emission, under resting conditions and after stimulation. U 46619 (from 10 nm to 10 mM) increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent pattern. Exposure to an antagonist of the thromboxane receptor (S-145) blocked the response to U-46619. Removal of external calcium abolished the response to U-46619. Change of PBS for Ringer-choline blunted the response to thromboxane analogue. Our results indicate that U-46619 increases cytosolic calcium through a receptor-mediated mechanism that requires external calcium to operate. Blockade of the response in the absence of external sodium suggests that Na+/Ca2+ exchanger participates in this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Reyes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico, D.F
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Liu EC, Hedberg A, Goldenberg HJ, Harris DN, Webb ML. DuP 753, the selective angiotensin II receptor blocker, is a competitive antagonist to human platelet thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TP) receptors. Prostaglandins 1992; 44:89-99. [PMID: 1438880 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(92)90070-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
DuP 753 is a potent, selective angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist. The possibility was investigated that DuP 753 may crossreact with thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TP) receptors. DuP 753 inhibited the specific binding of the TP receptor antagonist [3H]SQ 29,548 (5 nM) in human platelets with kd/slope factor values of 9.6 +/- 1.4 microM/1.1 +/- 0.02. The AT2-selective angiotensin receptor ligand, PD 123,177 was a very weak inhibitor of specific [3H]SQ 29,548 binding in platelets (Kd/slope factor:200 microM/0.86). [3H]SQ 29,548 saturation binding in the absence and presence of DuP 753 resulted in an increase in equilibrium affinity constant (Kd: 9.3, 22, 33 nM, respectively) without a concentration-dependent reduction in binding site maxima (Bmax: 3597, 4597, 3109 fmol/mg protein, respectively). Platelet aggregation induced by the TP receptor agonist U 46,619 was concentration-dependently inhibited by DuP 753 (IC50 = 46 microM). These data indicate for the first time that DuP 753 is a weak but competitive antagonist at human platelet TP receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, N.J. 08543-4000
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31
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Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA)- or thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TXA2/PGH2) analog (STA2 and U-46619)-induced aggregations yielded a bell-shaped dose-response curve. The inhibitory mechanism by high concentrations of the agonists was examined. STA2 elevated cAMP level of platelet in a dose-dependent manner. And the aggregation was affected by metabolic inhibitors of cAMP. AA also rised cAMP level, and the rise was suppressed by indomethacin. These results indicate that the reduction of aggregation by high dose of the agonists is through cAMP elevation. The cAMP elevation was not suppressed by ruling out phospholipase C effects by chelation of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC). These results suggest that the cAMP elevation is not due to activation of phospholipase C-linked TXA2/PGH2 receptor. 13-APA, an antagonist of TXA2/PGH2 receptor, suppressed the cAMP elevation, although ONO-3708, another antagonist, had no effect. As to be expected from this result, inhibitory effect of 13-APA on high STA2 level-induced aggregation was weaker than that of ONO-3708. The antagonists did not inhibit PGE1- or PGD2-induced cAMP elevation. These findings suggest that platelet has adenylate cyclase-linked TXA2/PGH2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center, Tokyo
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32
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Janssens WJ, Cools FJ, Hoskens LA, Van Nueten JM. Effect of ridogrel on vascular contractions caused by vasoactive substances released during platelet activation. Thromb Haemost 1990; 64:91-6. [PMID: 2148850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ridogrel (6.3 x 10(-6) to 10(-4) M) inhibited contractions of isolated rat caudal arteries and rabbit femoral arteries caused by U-46619. The slope of an Arunlakshana-Schild plot (pA2-value: 3.4 x 10(-6) M) on the caudal artery was slightly higher than one (1.14). This effect was maximal within 20 min of incubation of the blood vessel with the compound and easily reversible. Ridogrel antagonised contractions of isolated rabbit femoral arteries caused by prostaglandin F2 alpha in the same concentration range. Ridogrel also inhibited contractions induced by aggregating rat platelets on isolated rat caudal arteries (in the presence of ketanserin 4 x 10(-7) M) and on isolated rabbit pulmonary and femoral arteries (in the absence of ketanserin). Ridogrel had no effect on Ca2(+)-induced contractions in depolarised isolated rabbit femoral arteries, and at 10(-4) M antagonised serotonin-induced contractions in this blood vessel. Its effect on serotonin-induced contractions was statistically significant but very small on isolated rat caudal arteries. These observations indicate that ridogrel is an antagonist of prostaglandin endoperoxide/thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha receptors on vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Janssen Research Foundation, Beerse, Belgium
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Schumacher WA, Steinbacher TE, Allen GT, Ogletree ML. Role of thromboxane receptor activation in the bronchospastic response to endothelin. Prostaglandins 1990; 40:71-9. [PMID: 2143841 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(90)90057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The selective TxA2/PGH2 (TP) receptor antagonist, SQ 30,741, was used to test the hypothesis that TP-receptor activation contributes to the reactivity of airways and isolated trachea to endothelin-1 (ET-1). Dose-dependent contractions of guinea pig tracheal strips to ET-1 in vitro were unaffected by either SQ 30,741 (1 microM) or indomethacin (2.8 microM). In contrast, maximal bronchospastic responses (increases in airways resistance and decreases in dynamic lung compliance) of anesthetized guinea pigs to ET-1 (0.5 and 1.5 nmole/kg i.v.) in vivo were blocked greater than 90% by SQ 30,741 (1 mg/kg i.v.). Concurrent increases in arterial blood pressure and decreases in leukocyte counts induced by ET-1 were unaffected by SQ 30,741. In rats, ET-1 (1.5 nmole/kg i.v.) did not affect lung mechanics, but did cause biphasic blood pressure and leukopenia responses which were unaltered by SQ 30,741. These data demonstrate that there is considerable species variability in the bronchospastic response to ET-1, and that in guinea pigs, this response is caused predominantly by the activation of TP-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Schumacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000
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Stenton SC, Ward C, Duddridge M, Harris A, Palmer JB, Hendrick DJ, Walters EH. The actions of GR32191B, a thromboxane receptor antagonist, on the effects of inhaled PAF on human airways. Clin Exp Allergy 1990; 20:311-7. [PMID: 2142013 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated acute bronchoconstriction and changes in airway responsiveness to methacholine following the inhalation of platelet activating factor (PAF) in an open study of 12 non-asthmatic subjects. Ventilatory function was monitored using a flow rate at 30% of vital capacity (V30) and airway responsiveness was measured as PD40V30, i.e. the dose of metacholine causing a 40% fall in V30. PAF (3-422 micrograms) resulted in dose-related acute bronchoconstriction in 10 of the 12 subjects. There was no association between the airway responsiveness to PAF and to methacholine. Ten subjects showed some increase in airway responsiveness to methacholine 1 or 3 days following PAF. Overall, these changes were statistically significant (P less than 0.05) but were of small magnitude (geometric mean PD40V30pre-PAF = 457 micrograms; 24 hr after PAF = 259 micrograms; 72 hr after PAF = 258 micrograms) and variable: only seven subjects showing increased airway responsiveness on both day 1 and day 3 after PAF. Six subjects who appeared to show increases in airway responsiveness following PAF were re-studied with the inhaled PAF pre-medicated by either placebo or a specific thromboxane receptor antagonist (GR32191B) in a double-blind fashion. GR32191B did not reduce the acute bronchoconstriction due to PAF. In this part of the study, these six subjects did not show significant increases in airway responsiveness following the placebo pre-medicated PAF challenge and so no effect of the drug on airway responsiveness could be shown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Stenton
- Chest Unit, Newcastle General Hospital, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
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Abstract
1. Administration of arachidonic acid caused dose-dependent vasoconstriction in the isolated rat kidney perfused in situ with Krebs-Henseleit solution. 2. Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase with indomethacin or meclofenamate reduced the renal vasoconstrictor effect of arachidonic acid. 3. The renal vasoconstrictor effect of arachidonic acid was unaffected by CGS-13080 at concentrations that effectively reduced thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthesis by platelets and the kidney. 4. The endoperoxide/TxA2 receptor antagonist, SQ 29,548, abolished the renal vasoconstrictor effect of arachidonic acid and of U46619, an endoperoxide analogue. In contrast, SQ 29,548 did not affect the renal vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II, prostaglandin E2 or F2 alpha. 5. These data suggest that the vasoconstrictor effect of arachidonic acid in the isolated kidney of the rat is mediated by its metabolites, including the prostaglandin endoperoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Quilley
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla
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Goto F. [Prostaglandins and related compounds]. Masui 1988; 37:2-15. [PMID: 2835526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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38
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Abstract
This paper presents a simplified method for iodination of prostanoids which combines conjugation and iodination into one brief step. The prostanoid is first coupled to histamine with EDC, and is thereafter iodinated directly without an intervening TLC step. The iodination mixture is purified on an LH-20 column, and the final iodinated product can be located unequivocally. The simplified procedure presented here should make iodinated tracers accessible to more laboratories.
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Kalia A, Kothekar V. Solution conformation and electrostatic potential distribution of prostaglandins and thromboxanes and their relation to specificity. FEBS Lett 1985; 193:99-104. [PMID: 4065335 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(85)80087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ueda N, Yamamoto S. [Prostaglandins and related substances: their chemical structures, nomenclature and chemical characteristics]. Nihon Rinsho 1985; 43:455-63. [PMID: 3892080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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41
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Koh H, Inoue A, Mashimo N, Numano F, Maezawa H. A radioimmunoassay of thromboxane B2 with thromboxane B2-125I-tyramide and its application to the study on the thromboxane B2 formation during platelet aggregation. Thromb Res 1980; 17:403-13. [PMID: 7368170 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(80)90075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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42
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Abstract
The hairpin conformational hypothesis has been proposed to rationalise much of the structure-activity and receptor-binding data which have accumulated for the prostaglandin (PG) hormones. The hairpin conformation, thought to be necessary for PG activity, requires that the alpha- and omega-chains of the molecule be extended and in parallel alignment, separated by a van der Waals contact distance for the full length of the chains, with the ends of the chains approximately 5.5 A apart. The similarity between the structures of the thromboxanes (TXs) and the PGs suggests that the profile of activity of TXs, like that of PGs, centres on subtle conformational variation of the hairpin geometry. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) is a stable hydrolysis product of a highly reactive, short-lived intermediate, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which is formed from the prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) as indicated in Fig. 1. An examination of molecular models of TXA2 and TXB2 suggests that the structural differences between the ring moieties may have much less influence in altering the side-chain conformation of TXs than do substitutents on the relatively more flexible cyclopentane ring of a PG molecule. We report here the first diffraction analysis of a thromboxane structure and note that the molecular conformation is not hairpin shaped.
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Morooka S, Kobayashi M, Takahashi T, Takashima Y, Sakamoto M, Shimamoto T. Experimental ischemic heart disease--effects of synthetic thromboxane A2. Exp Mol Pathol 1979; 30:449-57. [PMID: 446696 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(79)90096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kassis V, Søndergaard J. [Prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclin]. Ugeskr Laeger 1978; 140:2843-5. [PMID: 360541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto S, Hayaishi O. Selective inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide thromboxane isomerase by 1-carboxyalkylimidazoles. Prostaglandins 1978; 16:529-40. [PMID: 725083 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(78)90183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
1-Carboxyalkylimidazoles inhibited the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to thromboxane B2 and 12L-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid by a partially purified enzyme (prostaglandin endoperoxide thromboxane isomerase) from bovine platelet microsomes. The degree of the inhibition was dependent on the length of carboxyalkyl chain. 1-Carboxyheptylimidazole was the most potent inhibitor, and an almost complete inhibition was obtained at a concentration on the order of 1 micron. The inhibition, as examined with 1-carboxyheptylimidazole, was of noncompetitive type. These 1-carboxyalkylimidazoles did not affect the formation of prostaglandin H2 from arachidonic acid. Such a selective inhibition was also demonstrated by the reaction of bovine platelet microsomes with arachidonic acid in the presence of 1-carboxyheptylimidazole, resulting in the accumulation of prostaglandin H2 as an intermediate. Furthermore, a series of 1-alkylimidazoles with no carboxyl group also inhibited the isomerase at higher concentrations. However, the inhibition was not specific for the isomerase; namely, the prostaglandin H2 formation from arachidonic acid was also affected.
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