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The recovery of soil eukaryotic alpha and beta diversity after wetland restoration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171814. [PMID: 38508279 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Soil eukaryotes play an important role in regulating the ecological processes and ecosystem functioning. However, the recovery potential of soil eukaryotic diversity during wetland restoration is largely unknown. We compared the alpha and beta diversity of soil eukaryotes of farmlands and natural and restored wetlands to explore the underlying abiotic and biotic driving forces in the Sanjiang Plain, China. We found that there was no significant difference of the alpha diversity of soil eukaryotes, while the beta diversity of soil eukaryotes differed significantly between the three land use types, with the mean values in the restored wetlands in between those in the natural wetlands and farmlands. The composition of soil eukaryotic communities were less diverse in farmlands compared to restored and natural wetlands. Network property of soil eukaryotes community (positive: negative edges) increased from farmlands to restored wetlands to natural wetlands, indicating enhanced species positive: negative interactions during restoration. The structural equation modeling indicated that species positive: negative interactions and soil nutrients directly affected soil eukaryotic beta diversity. Soil pH and soil water content indirectly affected soil eukaryotic beta diversity by directly affecting species interactions. Our findings suggest that wetland restoration could change soil environment, strengthen microbial cooperation, and increase eukaryotic beta diversity. However, it may take a very long time to reach the original level of soil eukaryotic structure and diversity.
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[Reference values of skeletal muscle mass for children in Nanjing area]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2024; 62:423-429. [PMID: 38623009 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20240109-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To establish the reference values and growth curves of skeletal muscle mass among children in the Nanjing area. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with children who underwent physical examination at the Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2020 January to 2022 September. Their height, weight, body fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were measured. Body mass index, percentage of body fat mass, percentage of skeletal muscle mass, relative skeletal muscle mass index and the ratio of skeletal muscle to body fat were calculated. The associations between skeletal muscle mass indices and physical measurements index were analyzed through the Spearman correlation test. The Mann-Kendall test was used to assess the trend for skeletal muscle mass. Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape were used to construct percentile reference values and growth curves of male and female skeletal muscle mass indices at different ages. Results: A total of 32 690 children aged 4-14 years were enrolled in this study, including 19 912 boys (60.91%). Skeletal muscle mass, percentage of skeletal muscle mass, relative skeletal muscle mass index and the ratio of skeletal muscle to body fat of boys and girls was 11.10 (8.40, 14.90) and 10.30 (7.90, 13.20) kg, 40.36% (37.01%, 43.13%) and 39.38% (36.43%, 41.88%), 6.70 (6.07, 7.52) and 6.33 (5.79, 7.00), 2.39 (1.46, 3.47) and 2.14 (1.45, 3.00) kg/m2, respectively. Skeletal muscle mass of both boys and girls was all positively associated with weight (r=0.97, 0.96), body mass index (r=0.68, 0.63) and percentage of body fat mass (r=0.40, 0.43) (all P<0.01). The reference values and growth curves showed that the percentage of skeletal muscle mass P50 ranged from 37.75%-44.61% in boys and from 36.22%-40.55% in girls. The relative skeletal muscle mass index P50 ranged from 5.80-9.68 kg/m2 in boys and from 5.57-7.98 kg/m2 in girls. The ratio of skeletal muscle to body fat P50 ranged from 1.86-2.67 in boys and from 1.29-2.41 in girls. There was an increasing trend with age for both boys and girls in the growth of skeletal muscle mass (Z=4.20, 3.75, both Ptrend<0.01), and increased slightly before 9 years of age and then increased rapidly until 14 years of age in both boys and girls. Conclusions: The skeletal muscle mass indices change with age and gender during childhood. Percentile reference values for pediatric skeletal muscle mass indices can be used to evaluate the muscular growth and development in children in the Nanjing area.
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Emergence of Long-Range Angular Correlations in Low-Multiplicity Proton-Proton Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:172302. [PMID: 38728735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.172302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
This Letter presents the measurement of near-side associated per-trigger yields, denoted ridge yields, from the analysis of angular correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. Long-range ridge yields are extracted for pairs of charged particles with a pseudorapidity difference of 1.4<|Δη|<1.8 and a transverse momentum of 1
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First Measurement of the |t| Dependence of Incoherent J/ψ Photonuclear Production. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:162302. [PMID: 38701458 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.162302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The first measurement of the cross section for incoherent photonuclear production of J/ψ vector mesons as a function of the Mandelstam |t| variable is presented. The measurement was carried out with the ALICE detector at midrapidity, |y|<0.8, using ultraperipheral collisions of Pb nuclei at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. This rapidity interval corresponds to a Bjorken-x range (0.3-1.4)×10^{-3}. Cross sections are given in five |t| intervals in the range 0.04<|t|<1 GeV^{2} and compared to the predictions by different models. Models that ignore quantum fluctuations of the gluon density in the colliding hadron predict a |t| dependence of the cross section much steeper than in data. The inclusion of such fluctuations in the same models provides a better description of the data.
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[Development and validation of a persistent postural-perceptual dizziness screening questionnaire]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:1143-1148. [PMID: 38583044 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231111-01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To develop a simple screening questionnaire for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) and evaluate its screening ability. Methods: A convenience sample of 296 individuals who met the inclusion criteria between November 2021 and January 2023 were prospectively selected for three rounds of screening at the Vertigo Specialty Clinic of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. In conjunction with expert opinion and statistical analysis, the first and second rounds of screening were used to modify and finalize the questionnaire entries, and the third round of screening was used to evaluate the questionnaire's screening ability. Independent sample t-test was used for inter group comparison, reliability and validity indicators were employed to screen and evaluate questionnaire entries, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off value and corresponding sensitivity and specificity. Results: The final PPPD screening questionnaire entries included 21 items. In evaluating the reliability of this questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.831, the half folding coefficient was 0.742, the content validity was 0.86, and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value in the structural validity was 0.811. Additionally, there were six factors with characteristic root>1 and a cumulative contribution rate of 62.62%. The area under the ROC curve of the screening questionnaire was 0.935 (95%CI: 0.877-0.992), and the optimal cut-off value was 8.5, with a sensitivity of 85.0%, a specificity of 85.5%, and a Kappa value of 0.653. Conclusion: The PPPD simple screening questionnaire designed in this study has a high sensitivity and specificity, making it a useful tool for identifying PPPD patients.
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[Clear cell stromal tumor of the lung: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 53:401-403. [PMID: 38556828 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231107-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
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Deep learning-based facial analysis for predicting difficult videolaryngoscopy: a feasibility study. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:399-409. [PMID: 38093485 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
While videolaryngoscopy has resulted in better overall success rates of tracheal intubation, airway assessment is still an important prerequisite for safe airway management. This study aimed to create an artificial intelligence model to identify difficult videolaryngoscopy using a neural network. Baseline characteristics, medical history, bedside examination and seven facial images were included as predictor variables. ResNet-18 was introduced to recognise images and extract features. Different machine learning algorithms were utilised to develop predictive models. A videolaryngoscopy view of Cormack-Lehane grade of 1 or 2 was classified as 'non-difficult', while grade 3 or 4 was classified as 'difficult'. A total of 5849 patients were included, of whom 5335 had non-difficult and 514 had difficult videolaryngoscopy. The facial model (only including facial images) using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm showed the highest area under the curve (95%CI) of 0.779 (0.733-0.825) with a sensitivity (95%CI) of 0.757 (0.650-0.845) and specificity (95%CI) of 0.721 (0.626-0.794) in the test set. Compared with bedside examination and multivariate scores (El-Ganzouri and Wilson), the facial model had significantly higher predictive performance (p < 0.001). Artificial intelligence-based facial analysis is a feasible technique for predicting difficulty during videolaryngoscopy, and the model developed using neural networks has higher predictive performance than traditional methods.
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Predictive nomogram for bone metastases in lung cancer based on monocyte infiltration. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1217-1226. [PMID: 38590412 PMCID: PMC10998761 DOI: 10.62347/vzly9631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of bone metastases (BM) in patients with lung cancer is indicative of a worse prognosis. The present study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with BM in patients with lung cancer. Patients with lung cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between June 2019 and September 2021 were enrolled in this study. A nomogram was constructed based on the outcomes derived from univariate and multivariate analyses. Concordance index, calibration plots, receiver operating characteristic curves, and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the nomogram. To substantiate the influence of monocytes on lung cancer BM, various assays, including cell co-culture, Transwell, wound-healing assays, and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, were conducted. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 software and GraphPad Prism 7.0. A total of 462 eligible patients were enrolled, comprising 220 with BM and 242 without. Multivariate analysis revealed that histological type, medical history, monocyte percentage, and LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) and ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) levels were independent risk factors for BM in lung cancer. Transwell and wound-healing assays indicated that co-culture with monocytes significantly enhanced the migration and invasion capabilities of A549 cells in vitro. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated a noteworthy increase in monocyte infiltration in the primary lesions of patients with lung cancer with BM. In conclusion, this study successfully constructed and validated a precise, straightforward, and cost-effective prognostic nomogram for patients with lung cancer with BM.
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Accuracy of machine learning in the preoperative identification of ovarian borderline tumors: a meta-analysis. Clin Radiol 2024:S0009-9260(24)00134-X. [PMID: 38670918 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study is to explore the diagnostic value of machine learning (ML) in borderline ovarian tumors through meta-analysis. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively retrieved from database inception untill February 16, 2023. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was adopted to evaluate the risk of bias in the original studies. Sub-group analyses of ML were conducted according to clinical features and radiomics features. We separately discussed the discriminative value of ML for borderline vs benign and borderline vs malignant tumors. RESULTS Eighteen studies involving 12,778 subjects were included in our analysis. The modeling variables mainly consisted of radiomics features (n=13) and a small number of clinical features (n=5). When distinguishing between borderline and benign tumors, the ML model based on radiomic features achieved a c-index of 0.782 (95% CI: 0.732-0.831), sensitivity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67-0.82), and specificity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67-0.81) in the validation set. When distinguishing between borderline and malignant tumors, the ML model based on radiomic features achieved a c-index of 0.916 (95% CI: 0.891-0.940), sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.91), and specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92) in the validation set. In addition, we analyzed the discriminatory ability of radiologists and found that their sensitivity was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12-0.46) and specificity was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90-0.97). CONCLUSIONS ML has tremendous potential in the preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of borderline ovarian tumors and may be more accurate than radiologists in diagnosing and differentiating borderline ovarian tumors.
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[The effect of Ba Duan Jin on the balance of community-dwelling older adults: a cluster randomized control trial]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2024; 45:250-256. [PMID: 38413065 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230506-00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a 6-month Ba Duan Jin exercise program in improving the balance of community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A two arms, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 1 028 community residents aged 60-80 years in 40 communities in 5 provinces of China. Participants in the intervention group (20 communities, 523 people) received Ba Duan Jin exercise 5 days/week, 1 hour/day for 6 months, and three times of falls prevention health education, and the control group (20 communities, 505 people) received falls prevention health education same as the intervention group. The Berg balance scale (BBS) score was the leading outcome indicator, and the secondary outcome indicators included the length of time of standing on one foot (with eyes open and closed), standing in a tandem stance (with eyes open and closed), the closed circle test, and the timed up to test. Results: A total of 1 028 participants were included in the final analysis, including 731 women (71.11%) and 297 men (28.89%), and the age was (69.87±5.67) years. After the 3-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 3.05 (95%CI: 2.23-3.88) points (P<0.001). After the 6-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 4.70 (95%CI: 4.03-5.37) points (P<0.001). Ba Duan Jin showed significant improvement (P<0.05) in all secondary outcomes after 6 months of exercise in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions: This study showed that Ba Duan Jin exercise can improve balance in community-dwelling older adults aged 60-80. The longer the exercise time, the better the improvement.
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ψ(2S) Suppression in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:042301. [PMID: 38335364 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.042301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The production of the ψ(2S) charmonium state was measured with ALICE in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV, in the dimuon decay channel. A significant signal was observed for the first time at LHC energies down to zero transverse momentum, at forward rapidity (2.5
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Discovery of Biaryl Amide Derivatives as Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable RORγt Agonists for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16091-16108. [PMID: 37982494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The master transcription factor receptor retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) regulates the differentiation of T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and the production of interleukin-17 (IL-17). Activation of RORγt+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment promotes immune infiltration to more effectively inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, RORγt agonists provide a reachable approach to cancer immunotherapy. Herein, a series of biaryl amide derivatives as novel RORγt agonists were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Starting from the reported RORγt inverse agonist GSK805 (1), "functionality switching" and structure-based drug optimization led to the discovery of a promising RORγt agonist lead compound 14, which displayed potent and selective RORγt agonist activity and significantly improved metabolic stability. With excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles, compound 14 demonstrated robust efficacy in preclinical tumor models of mouse B16F10 melanoma and LLC lung adenocarcinoma. Taken together, current studies indicate that 14 deserves further investigation as a potential lead RORγt agonist for cancer immunotherapy.
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[Advance on the classification of prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:1193-1196. [PMID: 38058033 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230924-00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
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Thyroid hormone-responsive protein mediates the response of chicken liver to fasting mainly through the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:733-744. [PMID: 37565565 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2246135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study was to explore the mediating role of thyroid hormone-responsive protein (THRSP) in the response of chicken liver to fasting.2. A batch of 7-d-old chicks with similar body weights were randomly divided into the control group and the fasting group (n = 10). The control group was fed ad libitum, while the test group fasted for 24 h. The liver and pectoral muscle tissues were collected. Chicken primary hepatocytes or myocytes were treated with different concentrations of thyroxine, glucose, insulin, oleic acid and palmitic acid, separately. Chicken primary hepatocytes were transfected with THRSP overexpression vector vs. empty vector, and the cells were used for transcriptome analysis. The mRNA expression of THRSP and other genes was determined by quantitative PCR.3. The expression of THRSP in chicken liver and pectoral muscle tissues was significantly inhibited by fasting (P < 0.05). In chicken primary hepatocytes, the expression of THRSP was significantly induced by thyroxine (0.25, 0.5, 1 mmol/l), glucose (50, 100 mmol/l), and insulin (20 nmol/l), and was significantly inhibited by palmitic acid (0.125, 0.25 mmol/l). In the myocytes, expression of THRSP was significantly induced by thyroxine (0.25, 0.5, 1 mmol/l), glucose (50 mmol/l) and oleic acid (0.125, 0.25 mmol/l), was significantly inhibited by insulin (5 nmol/l) and was not significantly affected by palmitic acid.4. Transcriptome analysis showed that overexpression of THRSP significantly affected the expression of 1411 DEGs, of which 1007 were up-regulated and 404 were down-regulated. The GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in the interaction between cytokine and cytokine receptor and its regulation and signal transduction, cell growth and apoptosis and its regulation, immune response and retinol metabolism.5. In conclusion, the THRSP gene mediates biological effects of fasting by influencing the expressional regulation of the genes related to biological processes such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell growth and apoptosis, immune response, retinol metabolism, including TGM2, HSD17B2, RUNX3, IRF1, ANKRD6, UPP2, IKBKE, and PYCR1 genes, in chicken liver.
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Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:202301. [PMID: 38039468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence. The azimuthal angle dependence of the polarization follows the vorticity pattern expected due to elliptic and triangular anisotropic flow, and qualitatively disagrees with most hydrodynamic model calculations based on thermal vorticity and shear induced contributions. The model results based on one of existing implementations of the shear contribution lead to a correct azimuthal angle dependence, but predict centrality and p_{T} dependence that still disagree with experimental measurements. Thus, our results provide stringent constraints on the thermal vorticity and shear-induced contributions to hyperon polarization. Comparison to previous measurements at RHIC and the LHC for the second-order harmonic results shows little dependence on the collision system size and collision energy.
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Measurements of Groomed-Jet Substructure of Charm Jets Tagged by D^{0} Mesons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:192301. [PMID: 38000395 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.192301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of parton mass and Casimir color factors in the quantum chromodynamics parton shower represents an important step in characterizing the emission properties of heavy quarks. Recent experimental advances in jet substructure techniques have provided the opportunity to isolate and characterize gluon emissions from heavy quarks. In this Letter, the first direct experimental constraint on the charm-quark splitting function is presented, obtained via the measurement of the groomed shared momentum fraction of the first splitting in charm jets, tagged by a reconstructed D^{0} meson. The measurement is made in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV, in the low jet transverse-momentum interval of 15≤p_{T}^{jet ch}<30 GeV/c where the emission properties are sensitive to parton mass effects. In addition, the opening angle of the first perturbative emission of the charm quark, as well as the number of perturbative emissions it undergoes, is reported. Comparisons to measurements of an inclusive-jet sample show a steeper splitting function for charm quarks compared with gluons and light quarks. Charm quarks also undergo fewer perturbative emissions in the parton shower, with a reduced probability of large-angle emissions.
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Observation of Anisotropic Superfluid Density in an Artificial Crystal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:163401. [PMID: 37925735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.163401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically investigate the anisotropic speed of sound of an atomic superfluid (SF) Bose-Einstein condensate in a 1D optical lattice. Because the speed of sound derives from the SF density, this implies that the SF density is itself anisotropic. We find that the speed of sound is decreased by the optical lattice, and the SF density is concomitantly reduced. This reduction is accompanied by the appearance of a zero entropy normal fluid in the purely Bose condensed phase. The reduction in SF density-first predicted [A. J. Leggett, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1543 (1970).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.25.1543] in the context of supersolidity-results from the coexistence of superfluidity and density modulations, but is agnostic about the origin of the modulations. We additionally measure the moment of inertia of the system in a scissors mode experiment, demonstrating the existence of rotational flow. As such we shed light on some supersolid properties using imposed, rather than spontaneously formed, density order.
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[Chinese expert guidance on overall application of lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:1018-1029. [PMID: 38016765 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20230201-00035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Lenvatinib mesylate is an oral receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor against targets of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α, stem cell growth factor receptor, and rearranged during transfection, et al. Lenvatinib has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration of China on September 4, 2018, for the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who have not received systematic treatment before. Up to February 2023, Lenvatinib has been listed in China for more than 4 years, accumulating a series of post-marketing clinical research evidences. Based on the clinical practice before and after the launch of lenvatinib and referring to the clinical experience of other anti-angiogenesis inhibitors, domestic multidisciplinary experts and scholars adopt the Delphi method to formulate the Chinese Expert Guidance on Overall Application of Lenvatinib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma after repeated discussions and revisions, in order to provide reference for reasonable and effective clinical application of lenvatinib for clinicians.
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Intervertebral disc generation tissue engineering treatment platform: gelatin-methacryloyl hydrogel composite system. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2383-2385. [PMID: 36975004 PMCID: PMC10538905 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Time-course adaptive changes in hippocampal transcriptome and synaptic function induced by simulated microgravity associated with cognition. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1275771. [PMID: 37868195 PMCID: PMC10585108 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1275771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The investigation of cognitive function in microgravity, both short-term and long-term, remains largely descriptive. And the underlying mechanisms of the changes over time remain unclear. Methods Behavioral tests, electrophysiological recording, and RNA sequencing were used to observe differences in behavior, synaptic plasticity, and gene expression. Results Initially, we measured the performance of spatial cognition exposed to long-term simulated microgravity (SM). Both working memory and advanced cognitive abilities were enhanced. Somewhat surprisingly, the synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse was impaired. To gain insight into the mechanism of changing regularity over time, transcriptome sequencing in the hippocampus was performed. The analysis identified 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hippocampus after short-term modeling, 19 of which were up-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these up-regulated genes were mainly enriched in synaptic-related processes, such as Stxbp5l and Epha6. This might be related to the enhancement of working memory performance under short-term SM exposure. Under exposure to long-term SM, 7 DEGs were identified in the hippocampus, all of which were up-regulated and related to oxidative stress and metabolism, such as Depp1 and Lrg1. Compensatory effects occurred with increased modeling time. Discussion To sum up, our current research indicates that the cognitive function under SM exposure is consistently maintained or potentially even being enhanced over both short and long durations. The underlying mechanisms are intricate and potentially linked to the differential expression of hippocampal-associated genes and alterations in synaptic function, with these effects being time-dependent. The present study will lay the experimental and theoretical foundation of the multi-level mechanism of cognitive function under space flight.
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Dosimetric Analysis of Proton Beam Therapy vs. Photon Radiotherapy for Cardiac Tumors with or without Deep Inspiratory Breath Holding: A Case Report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e650-e651. [PMID: 37785935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Proton beam therapy (PBT) has been demonstrated to deliver equivalent dosimetric radiation with the benefit of improved sparing of organs at risk (OAR). Deep inspiration breath holding (DIBH) is a commonly used method for reducing the radiation dose to the heart and lungs. However, few studies have ever reported the usage of DIBH combined with proton beam therapy in cardiac tumors. The purpose of this case report is to compare the dosimetric differences between photon radiotherapy and proton radiation therapy (PBT) with or without deep inspiration breath holding. MATERIALS/METHODS A 66-year-old female patient with cardiac tumors was recruited, and the prescribed dose of radiotherapy for cardiac tumors was 95%PGTV 50Gy/2.5Gy/20f. Two simulation CT scans were collected during free breath (FB) and DIBH. And the target area was delineated on deep inspiratory breath holding image (DIBH-CT) and free breathing image (FB-CT). The target area of FB-CT was modified by referring to the ten-time phases of 4D-CT. Finally, IMRT, VMAT and PBT plans (DIBH-IMRT, DIBH-VAMT, DIBH-PBT, FB-IMRT, FB-VAMT, FB-PBT) were generated on the above images, and the organs at risk were limited as follows: lungs V20 ≤20%, lungs mean ≤11 Gy, heart V30 ≤40%, coronary artery mean ≤26 Gy, spinal cord ≤30 Gy, and left breast mean ≤5 Gy. RESULTS All of the six plans satisfied most of the treatment planning goals. DIBH resulted in a dose reduction in all organs at risk including the heart, lungs, coronary artery (CA), spinal cord and breasts, when compared with FB using IMRT, VMAT, or PBT. Compared with the FB, DIBH provided a significant reduction in the mean dose of coronary artery (CA mean for DIBH-IMRT vs FB-IMRT = 28.32 Gy vs 42.66 Gy, CA mean for DIBH-VMAT vs FB-VAMT = 26.44Gy vs 40.85Gy, CA mean for DIBH-PBT vs FB-PBT = 27.71Gy vs 39.51Gy). Similarly, when compared with IMRT or VMAT in either FB or DIBH, PBT reduced radiation doses for all of the OAR. In comparison, the difference was less significant between IMRT and VMAT technique. Pitmen compared with IMRT and VMAT, reduced significantly the max dose of spinal cord, lungs V5, breast-L/R mean. Totally, DIBH-PBT was observed sufficient dose coverage and better sparing of organs at risk. CONCLUSION PBT combined with DIBH technique gained an advantage in the sparing of OAR for cardiac tumors, especially in coronary protection. The possibility of broader application of PBT with DIBH in clinical practice is currently being evaluated and further studies are needed.
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A Multiomics Analysis of the Close Connection between Intratumoral Microbiota and Immune Cell Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e358. [PMID: 37785232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The colorectal intratumoral microbiome and its association with the expression of the tumor genome and immune cell infiltration remain poorly characterized. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between intratumoral microbiota with tumor immune infiltration, patient prognosis, and potential downstream signaling pathways. MATERIALS/METHODS We collected biopsy samples of tumor tissue and paracancerous tissue from 92 patients with colorectal cancer, and acquired microbiota profiling in these samples using 16s rRNA sequencing. Meanwhile, the immune markers including CD8, FOXP3, CD163, PD-1 and PD-L1 were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to identify the immune infiltration in tumors. Furthermore, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Cancer Microbiome Atlas databases to conduct multiomics analysis on tumor flora and patient survival, tumor gene expression profile and potential downstream pathways. RESULTS There was a significant difference in α-diversity (p = 0.00051) and β-diversity (p = 0.004) between tumor and paracancerous tissues. The β-diversity of intratumoral bacterial differed by colorectal cancer tumor stage (early vs. late stage, p = 0.049) and location (left vs. right colon, p = 0.04). Stage-related flora cluster (Porphyromonas, Lachnoclostridium, Bacteroides, Aggregatibacter, and Hungatella) were identified and found to be associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients (HR = 1.79, p = 0.015). By IHC staining, we found that expression of PD-1 and FOXP3 was significantly reduced at low abundance of stage-related bacterial cluster (p<0.05). Among of them, Hungatella was negatively associated with CD8+T cell infiltration (p<0.05) in tumor. Besides, tumor-location related flora cluster (Bacteroides and Blautia) were identified and found to be associated with good prognosis in colorectal cancer patients (HR = 0.52, p = 0.011). Expression of CD163 was decreased at high abundance of location-related bacterial cluster (p<0.05). Among of them, Blautia was negatively correlated with tumor-associated macrophage infiltration(p<0.05). Furthermore, we found that the stage-related flora cluster was positively connected with the pathway of bile acid metabolism, whereas the location-dependent cluster was negatively correlated with this pathway. CONCLUSION We found specific intratumoral bacterial clusters that were related to tumor stage and location, and the clusters were strongly associated with tumor immune infiltration and patient prognosis. Our findings may provide new viewpoint for future research between intratumoral microbiota, metabolism pathway and tumor microenvironment.
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PARP Inhibitor Plus Radiotherapy Reshapes IDH1 Mutation Tumor Immune Suppression Microenvironment Potentiating the Efficiency of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S159. [PMID: 37784398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations confer gain-of-function activity by converting α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG). IDH mutant tumors have fewer tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and reduced PD-L1 expression compared with their wild type (WT) counterparts. In addition, 2-HG can directly inhibit the killing and proliferative functions of CD8+ T lymphocytes, and suggesting that 2-HG promotes an immunosuppressive TME. Several studies have shown that 2-HG can inhibit homologous recombination (HR) and weaken the DNA damage response (DDR), making them more sensitive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and radiotherapy (RT). At the same time, RT and PARP inhibition (PARPi) have been considered to be a new direction to stimulate antitumor immunity. Therefore, our study intends to use RT + PARPi to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment caused by IDH1 mutations, thereby promoting the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. MATERIALS/METHODS We compared the immune responses of clinical tissue samples and TCGA data from either IDH1mut or IDH1WT low-grade gliomas. We then established IDH1mut-overexpressing MC38 and GL261 cell lines to determine the antitumor effect of RT + PARPi. Apoptosis and immunogenic death markers were detected by flow cytometry, western blot (WB) and ELISA in these cell lines. Tumor growth and mouse survival curves were observed in both an MC38 subcutaneous and GL261 orthotopic tumor model. Changes in the composition of the immune microenvironment were assessed using flow cytometry. The mechanisms underpinning these compositional shifts were then further interrogated using various techniques, including WB, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, CRISPR/Cas9, and CD8+ T cell migration experiments. RESULTS We observed that CD8+ T cell infiltration and expression of the chemokines CXCL10 and CCL5 of CD8+ T cells in IDH1mut tumors were significantly downregulated by immunohistochemistry and TCGA analysis. Gene enrichment analysis using the TCGA database found that IDH1 mutations downregulated interferon (IFN)-related signaling pathways. RT + PARPi induces more DNA damage and actives the CGAS-STING pathway compared with monotherapy, leading to more expression of IFN-β, CXCL10 and CCL5 at mRNA and protein level. In the MC38 subcutaneous tumor model, we found that RT + PARPi increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells while enhancing the killing function of CD8+ T cells. We observed these same effects in the GL261 orthoma model, as well as increased proliferation function of CD8+ T cells. In addition, RT + PARPi increased the expression of PD-L1 and enhanced the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. CONCLUSION RT + PARPi reshapes the IDH1mut tumor immune suppression microenvironment, thereby potentiating the antitumor effect and efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitor.
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Energy value measurement of milk powder using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with long short-term memory (LSTM). ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4684-4691. [PMID: 37674437 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01144e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Milk powder can provide the necessary nutrients for the growth of infants, and the level of its energy value is an important factor in the measurement of its nutritional value. Therefore, the measurement of the energy value in milk powder is of great significance for the nutritional health of infants. In this study, samples of 32 different brands of milk powder were selected for spectral analysis, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with deep belief network (DBN), back propagation (BP) neural network, and long short-term memory (LSTM) models was used to achieve quantitative analysis of the energy value of the milk powder. The experimental results revealed that the LSTM model outperformed the DBN and BP models in terms of accuracy, with a mean relative error (MREP) of 1.0029%, which was 73.03% lower than that of DBN (3.7186%) and 69.53% lower than that of BP (3.2914%). Moreover, the determination coefficient (RP2) value improved significantly from 0.9341 for DBN and 0.9766 for BP to 0.9984. In addition, the root mean square error (RMSEP) decreased to 0.2140 from 0.7042 for DBN and 0.9051 for BP. These results demonstrate that the LSTM model has superior predictive performance compared to the other models. Therefore, the combination of LIBS and LSTM can accurately measure the energy value of milk powder and provide an effective and feasible means for its commercial measurement.
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Measurement of the Lifetime and Λ Separation Energy of _{Λ}^{3}H. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:102302. [PMID: 37739380 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The most precise measurements to date of the _{Λ}^{3}H lifetime τ and Λ separation energy B_{Λ} are obtained using the data sample of Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV collected by ALICE at the LHC. The _{Λ}^{3}H is reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel (_{Λ}^{3}H→^{3}He+π^{-} and the charge-conjugate process). The measured values τ=[253±11(stat)±6(syst)] ps and B_{Λ}=[102±63(stat)±67(syst)] keV are compatible with predictions from effective field theories and confirm that the _{Λ}^{3}H structure is consistent with a weakly bound system.
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Interneuron-Targeted Disruption of SYNGAP1 Alters Sensory Representations in the Neocortex and Impairs Sensory Learning. J Neurosci 2023; 43:6212-6226. [PMID: 37558489 PMCID: PMC10476640 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1997-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency in humans leads to severe neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability, autism, epilepsy, and sensory processing deficits. However, the circuit mechanisms underlying these disorders are not well understood. In mice, a decrease of SynGAP levels results in cognitive deficits by interfering with the development of excitatory glutamatergic connections. Recent evidence suggests that SynGAP also plays a crucial role in the development and function of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether and to what extent the expression of SYNGAP1 in inhibitory interneurons contributes to cortical circuit function and related behaviors. The activity of cortical neurons has not been measured simultaneously with behavior. To address these gaps, we recorded from layer 2/3 neurons in the primary whisker somatosensory cortex (wS1) of mice while they learned to perform a whisker tactile detection task. Our results demonstrate that mice with interneuron-specific SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency exhibit learning deficits characterized by heightened behavioral responses in the absence of relevant sensory input and premature responses to unrelated sensory stimuli not associated with reward acquisition. These behavioral deficits are accompanied by specific circuit abnormalities within wS1. Interneuron-specific SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency increases detrimental neuronal correlations directly related to task performance and enhances responses to irrelevant sensory stimuli unrelated to the reward acquisition. In summary, our findings indicate that a reduction of SynGAP in inhibitory interneurons impairs sensory representation in the primary sensory cortex by disrupting neuronal correlations, which likely contributes to the observed cognitive deficits in mice with pan-neuronal SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency leads to severe neurodevelopmental disorders. The exact nature of neural circuit dysfunction caused by SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency remains poorly understood. SynGAP plays a critical role in the function of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons as well as glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in the neocortex. Whether and how decreasing SYNGAP1 level in inhibitory interneurons disrupts a behaviorally relevant circuit remains unclear. We measure neural activity and behavior in mice learning a perceptual task. Mice with interneuron-targeted disruption of SYNGAP1 display increased detrimental neuronal correlations and elevated responses to irrelevant sensory inputs, which are related to impaired task performance. These results show that cortical interneuron dysfunction contributes to sensory deficits in SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency with important implications for identifying therapeutic targets.
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[Progresses of serum estrogen in predicting the progression of common paroxysmal vertigo disease in women]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:808-811. [PMID: 37599246 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20221116-00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
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Measurement of the J/ψ Polarization with Respect to the Event Plane in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:042303. [PMID: 37566833 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.042303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
We study the polarization of inclusive J/ψ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV at the LHC in the dimuon channel, via the measurement of the angular distribution of its decay products. We perform the study in the rapidity region 2.5
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First Measurement of Antideuteron Number Fluctuations at Energies Available at the Large Hadron Collider. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:041901. [PMID: 37566856 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.041901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The first measurement of event-by-event antideuteron number fluctuations in high energy heavy-ion collisions is presented. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity (|η|<0.8) as a function of collision centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector. A significant negative correlation between the produced antiprotons and antideuterons is observed in all collision centralities. The results are compared with a state-of-the-art coalescence calculation. While it describes the ratio of higher order cumulants of the antideuteron multiplicity distribution, it fails to describe quantitatively the magnitude of the correlation between antiproton and antideuteron production. On the other hand, thermal-statistical model calculations describe all the measured observables within uncertainties only for correlation volumes that are different with respect to those describing proton yields and a similar measurement of net-proton number fluctuations.
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Enhanced Deuteron Coalescence Probability in Jets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:042301. [PMID: 37566840 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.042301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The transverse-momentum (p_{T}) spectra and coalescence parameters B_{2} of (anti)deuterons are measured in p-p collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV for the first time in and out of jets. In this measurement, the direction of the leading particle with the highest p_{T} in the event (p_{T}^{lead}>5 GeV/c) is used as an approximation for the jet axis. The event is consequently divided into three azimuthal regions, and the jet signal is obtained as the difference between the toward region, that contains jet fragmentation products in addition to the underlying event (UE), and the transverse region, which is dominated by the UE. The coalescence parameter in the jet is found to be approximately a factor of 10 larger than that in the underlying event. This experimental observation is consistent with the coalescence picture and can be attributed to the smaller average phase-space distance between nucleons in the jet cone as compared with the underlying event. The results presented in this Letter are compared to predictions from a simple nucleon coalescence model, where the phase-space distributions of nucleons are generated using pythia8 with the Monash 2013 tuning, and to predictions from a deuteron production model based on ordinary nuclear reactions with parametrized energy-dependent cross sections tuned on data. The latter model is implemented in pythia8.3. Both models reproduce the observed large difference between in-jet and out-of-jet coalescence parameters, although the almost flat trend of the B_{2}^{Jet} is not reproduced by the models, which instead give a decreasing trend.
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Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:242301. [PMID: 37390421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.242301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The elliptic (v_{2}) and triangular (v_{3}) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v_{2}(p_{T}) values depend on the colliding systems, the v_{3}(p_{T}) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.
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Efficacy of tocilizumab combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of Takayasu arteritis in infants. Scand J Rheumatol 2023:1-2. [PMID: 37288772 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2023.2210394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Assessing the construction of a Healthy City in China: a conceptual framework and evaluation index system. Public Health 2023; 220:88-95. [PMID: 37285608 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 has brought challenges to the health of all mankind. It is particularly important to promote the construction of a 'Healthy China' and build a 'healthy community'. The aims of this study were to construct a reasonable conceptual framework for the Healthy City concept and to assess Healthy City construction in China. STUDY DESIGN This study combined qualitative and quantitative research. METHODS This study proposes the concept model of 'nature-human body-Healthy City' and accordingly constructs an evaluation index system for the construction of a Healthy City that integrates five dimensions, namely, the medical level, economic basis, cultural development, social services, and ecological environment to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China. Finally, the influencing factors of Healthy City construction patterns are explored using GeoDetector. RESULTS (1) The pace of Healthy City construction is generally on the rise; (2) the construction of Healthy Cities exhibits significant global spatial autocorrelation and gradually increasing agglomeration. The spatial distribution of cold hotspot areas was relatively stable; (3) medical and health progress is an important factor; the level of economic development is the leading support; the endowment of resources and environment is the basic condition; public service support provides important support; and scientific and technological innovation capabilities provide technical support for the construction of a Healthy City. CONCLUSIONS The spatial heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China is evident, and the state of spatial distribution is relatively stable. The spatial pattern of Healthy City construction is shaped by a combination of factors. Our research will provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of Healthy Cities and helping to implement the Health China Strategy.
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Effect evaluation of denosumab combined with curettage and bone cement reconstruction in the treatment of recurrent giant cell tumor of bone around the knee joint. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:5039-5052. [PMID: 37318478 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a common primary bone tumor with latent malignant tendency. GCTB is prone to occur around the knee joint, and surgery is the major treatment method. There are relatively few reports on denosumab in the treatment of recurrent GCTB around the knee joint and postoperative function evaluation of patients. This research aimed to explore the appropriate surgical options for the treatment of recurrent GCTB around the knee joint. PATIENTS AND METHODS 19 patients with recurrent GCTB around the knee joint, who were admitted to Hospital for 3 months following denosumab treatment from January 2016 to December 2019, were included as the research subjects. The prognosis was compared between patients treated with curettage combined with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and those with extensive-resection replacement of tumor prosthesis (RTP). A deep learning model of Inception-v3 combined with a Faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster-RCNN) was constructed to classify and identify X-ray images of patients. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score, short form-36 (SF-36) score, recurrence, and the rate of complications were also analyzed during the follow-up period. RESULTS The results showed that the Inception-v3 model trained on the low-rank sparse loss function was obviously the best for X-ray image classification, and the classification and identification effect of the Faster-RCNN model was significantly better than that of the convolutional neural network (CNN), U-Net, and Fast region-based convolutional neural network (Fast-RCNN) models. During the follow-up period, the MSTS score in the PMMA group was significantly higher than that in the RTP group (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the SF-36 score, recurrence, and the rate of complications (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The deep learning model could improve the classification and identification of the lesion location in the X-ray images of GCTB patients. Denosumab was an effective adjuvant for recurrent GCTB, and widely extensive-resection RTP could reduce the risk of local recurrence after denosumab treatment for recurrent GCTB.
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Observation of Directed Flow of Hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:212301. [PMID: 37295104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.212301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report here the first observation of directed flow (v_{1}) of the hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165×10^{6} events in 5%-40% centrality, about 8400 _{Λ}^{3}H and 5200 _{Λ}^{4}H candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the midrapidity v_{1} slopes of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in the 3 GeV Au+Au collisions.
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Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:202301. [PMID: 37267557 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the triton (t) production in midrapidity (|y|<0.5) Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The nuclear compound yield ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity (dN_{ch}/dη) and follows a scaling behavior. The dN_{ch}/dη dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3σ and 3.4σ, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1σ. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller p_{T} acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.
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[Clinicopathological and molecular genetic characterization of colorectal angiosarcoma]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:495-497. [PMID: 37106293 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230216-00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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[Safety and efficacy of the early administration of levosimendan in patients with acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and elevated NT-proBNP levels: An Early Management Strategy of Acute Heart Failure (EMS-AHF)]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2023; 62:374-383. [PMID: 37032132 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220420-00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigated the safety and efficacy of treating patients with acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and elevated levels of N-terminal pro-hormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) with levosimendan within 24 hours of first medical contact (FMC). Methods: This multicenter, open-label, block-randomized controlled trial (NCT03189901) investigated the safety and efficacy of levosimendan as an early management strategy of acute heart failure (EMS-AHF) for patients with NSTEMI and high NT-proBNP levels. This study included 255 patients with NSTEMI and elevated NT-proBNP levels, including 142 males and 113 females with a median age of 65 (58-70) years, and were admitted in the emergency or outpatient departments at 14 medical centers in China between October 2017 and October 2021. The patients were randomly divided into a levosimendan group (n=129) and a control group (n=126). The primary outcome measure was NT-proBNP levels on day 3 of treatment and changes in the NT-proBNP levels from baseline on day 5 after randomization. The secondary outcome measures included the proportion of patients with more than 30% reduction in NT-proBNP levels from baseline, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization and at 6 months after hospitalization, safety during the treatment, and health economics indices. The measurement data parameters between groups were compared using the t-test or the non-parametric test. The count data parameters were compared between groups using the χ² test. Results: On day 3, the NT-proBNP levels in the levosimendan group were lower than the control group but were statistically insignificant [866 (455, 1 960) vs. 1 118 (459, 2 417) ng/L, Z=-1.25,P=0.21]. However, on day 5, changes in the NT-proBNP levels from baseline in the levosimendan group were significantly higher than the control group [67.6% (33.8%,82.5%)vs.54.8% (7.3%,77.9%), Z=-2.14, P=0.03]. There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients with more than 30% reduction in the NT-proBNP levels on day 5 between the levosimendan and the control groups [77.5% (100/129) vs. 69.0% (87/126), χ²=2.34, P=0.13]. Furthermore, incidences of MACE did not show any significant differences between the two groups during hospitalization [4.7% (6/129) vs. 7.1% (9/126), χ²=0.72, P=0.40] and at 6 months [14.7% (19/129) vs. 12.7% (16/126), χ²=0.22, P=0.64]. Four cardiac deaths were reported in the control group during hospitalization [0 (0/129) vs. 3.2% (4/126), P=0.06]. However, 6-month survival rates were comparable between the two groups (log-rank test, P=0.18). Moreover, adverse events or serious adverse events such as shock, ventricular fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia were not reported in both the groups during levosimendan treatment (days 0-1). The total cost of hospitalization [34 591.00(15 527.46,59 324.80) vs. 37 144.65(16 066.90,63 919.00)yuan, Z=-0.26, P=0.80] and the total length of hospitalization [9 (8, 12) vs. 10 (7, 13) days, Z=0.72, P=0.72] were lower for patients in the levosimendan group compared to those in the control group, but did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Early administration of levosimendan reduced NT-proBNP levels in NSTEMI patients with elevated NT-proBNP and did not increase the total cost and length of hospitalization, but did not significantly improve MACE during hospitalization or at 6 months.
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[Hepatitis B virus down-regulates the expression of inhibin and promotes the proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:288-292. [PMID: 37137855 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230310-00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect and role of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) on the expression of inhibin (PHB) in the proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods: The expression of PHB in 13 pairs of HBV-infected livers, normal livers and HepG2.2.15 and HepG2 cells was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot. Liver tissues were collected from seven patients with chronic hepatitis B before and after antiviral (tenofovir) treatment, and the expression of PHB was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with Pcmv6-AC-GFP-PHB, and control vectors were collected. DNA content was analyzed by flow cytometry. The proliferation level of each cell group was detected using the EdU cell proliferation assay. HepG2.2.15 cells transfected with Pcmv6-AC-GFP-PHB and the control vector were cultured in serum-free medium for 6 days. Apoptosis was measured at the indicated time points using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based Annexin-V/PI double staining. Results: Compared with normal liver tissue, the expression of PHB in HBV-infected liver tissue was down-regulated (P < 0.01). Compared with HepG2 cells, the expression of PHB in HepG2.2.15 cells was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The expression level of PHB in liver tissue after antiviral treatment (tenofovir) was significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.01). Compared with the control vector, the proliferation rate of HepG2.2.15 cells transfected with Pcmv6-AC-GFP-PHB was significantly lower than that of the control vector, and the apoptosis rate of HepG2.2.15 cells transfected with the Pcmv6-AC-GFP-PHB vector was significantly higher than the control vector (P < 0.01). Conclusion: HBV down-regulates the expression of inhibin to promote the proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Measurement of Sequential ϒ Suppression in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV with the STAR Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:112301. [PMID: 37001106 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on measurements of sequential ϒ suppression in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) through both the dielectron and dimuon decay channels. In the 0%-60% centrality class, the nuclear modification factors (R_{AA}), which quantify the level of yield suppression in heavy-ion collisions compared to p+p collisions, for ϒ(1S) and ϒ(2S) are 0.40±0.03(stat)±0.03(sys)±0.09(norm) and 0.26±0.08(stat)±0.02(sys)±0.06(norm), respectively, while the upper limit of the ϒ(3S) R_{AA} is 0.17 at a 95% confidence level. This provides experimental evidence that the ϒ(3S) is significantly more suppressed than the ϒ(1S) at RHIC. The level of suppression for ϒ(1S) is comparable to that observed at the much higher collision energy at the Large Hadron Collider. These results point to the creation of a medium at RHIC whose temperature is sufficiently high to strongly suppress excited ϒ states.
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[The relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people in China]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:371-377. [PMID: 36655354 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221027-01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people in China. Methods: Based on the data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, 10 940 people aged≥45 years who met the criteria were included. The general demographic characteristics, lifestyle, personal disease history, quality of residential community and cognitive function of the subjects were collected by using standardized questionnaires. The quality of residential community in childhood included community safety, community enthusiasm and neighborhood relationship. The cognitive function was measured in cognitive integrity and episodic memory. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people. Results: The age of 10 940 subjects were (58.3±9.1) years old, with 51.5% (5 635) being female and 47.3% (5 174) having good cognitive function. The results of multivariate logistic regression model showed that compared with those who lived in an extremely unsafe, unenthusiastic and unharmonious community in childhood, there was an improvement in the cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people who lived in a relatively safe (OR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-1.00) and a safer (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.55-0.95) community, in a relatively enthusiastic (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.56-0.85) and a more enthusiastic (OR=0.70, 95%CI: 0.57-0.87) community, and in a less harmonious (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), relatively harmonious (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.33-0.83) and more harmonious (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.31-0.79) community during their childhood. Conclusion: There is a significantly positive relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people.
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Beam Energy Dependence of Fifth- and Sixth-Order Net-Proton Number Fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:082301. [PMID: 36898098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the beam energy and collision centrality dependence of fifth and sixth order cumulants (C_{5}, C_{6}) and factorial cumulants (κ_{5}, κ_{6}) of net-proton and proton number distributions, from center-of-mass energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) 3 GeV to 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Cumulant ratios of net-proton (taken as proxy for net-baryon) distributions generally follow the hierarchy expected from QCD thermodynamics, except for the case of collisions at 3 GeV. The measured values of C_{6}/C_{2} for 0%-40% centrality collisions show progressively negative trend with decreasing energy, while it is positive for the lowest energy studied. These observed negative signs are consistent with QCD calculations (for baryon chemical potential, μ_{B}≤110 MeV) which contains the crossover transition range. In addition, for energies above 7.7 GeV, the measured proton κ_{n}, within uncertainties, does not support the two-component (Poisson+binomial) shape of proton number distributions that would be expected from a first-order phase transition. Taken in combination, the hyperorder proton number fluctuations suggest that the structure of QCD matter at high baryon density, μ_{B}∼750 MeV at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV is starkly different from those at vanishing μ_{B}∼24 MeV at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and higher collision energies.
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A Pharmacological Insight of Piperlongumine, Bioactive Validating Its Therapeutic Efficacy as a Drug to Treat Inflammatory Diseases. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162023020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Machine learning predictive performance evaluation of conventional and fuzzy radiomics in clinical cancer imaging cohorts. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1607-1620. [PMID: 36738311 PMCID: PMC10119059 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hybrid imaging became an instrumental part of medical imaging, particularly cancer imaging processes in clinical routine. To date, several radiomic and machine learning studies investigated the feasibility of in vivo tumor characterization with variable outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effect of recently proposed fuzzy radiomics and compare its predictive performance to conventional radiomics in cancer imaging cohorts. In addition, lesion vs. lesion+surrounding fuzzy and conventional radiomic analysis was conducted. METHODS Previously published 11C Methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET) glioma, 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) lung, and 68GA-PSMA-11 PET/magneto-resonance imaging (MRI) prostate cancer retrospective cohorts were included in the analysis to predict their respective clinical endpoints. Four delineation methods including manually defined reference binary (Ref-B), its smoothed, fuzzified version (Ref-F), as well as extended binary (Ext-B) and its fuzzified version (Ext-F) were incorporated to extract imaging biomarker standardization initiative (IBSI)-conform radiomic features from each cohort. Machine learning for the four delineation approaches was performed utilizing a Monte Carlo cross-validation scheme to estimate the predictive performance of the four delineation methods. RESULTS Reference fuzzy (Ref-F) delineation outperformed its binary delineation (Ref-B) counterpart in all cohorts within a volume range of 938-354987 mm3 with relative cross-validation area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) of +4.7-10.4. Compared to Ref-B, the highest AUC performance difference was observed by the Ref-F delineation in the glioma cohort (Ref-F: 0.74 vs. Ref-B: 0.70) and in the prostate cohort by Ref-F and Ext-F (Ref-F: 0.84, Ext-F: 0.86 vs. Ref-B: 0.80). In addition, fuzzy radiomics decreased feature redundancy by approx. 20%. CONCLUSIONS Fuzzy radiomics has the potential to increase predictive performance particularly in small lesion sizes compared to conventional binary radiomics in PET. We hypothesize that this effect is due to the ability of fuzzy radiomics to model partial volume effects and delineation uncertainties at small lesion boundaries. In addition, we consider that the lower redundancy of fuzzy radiomic features supports the identification of imaging biomarkers in future studies. Future studies shall consider systematically analyzing lesions and their surroundings with fuzzy and binary radiomics.
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Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:749-776. [PMID: 36537344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain. Currently, there is no method to treat IVDD that can reverse or regenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, but the recent development of disc tissue engineering (DTE) offers a new means of addressing these disadvantages. Among numerous biomaterials for tissue engineering, silk fibroin (SF) is widely used due to its easy availability and excellent physical/chemical properties. SF is usually used in combination with other materials to construct biological scaffolds or bioactive substance delivery systems, or it can be used alone. The present article first briefly outlines the anatomical and physiological features of IVD, the associated etiology and current treatment modalities of IVDD, and the current status of DTE. Then, it highlights the characteristics of SF biomaterials and their latest research advances in DTE and discusses the prospects and challenges in the application of SF in DTE, with a view to facilitating the clinical process of developing interventions related to IVD-derived low back pain caused by IVDD.
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[Greet the spring]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2023; 58:1-2. [PMID: 36642445 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20221220-00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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[Development of parenting behavior scale for caregivers of children aged 2 to 6 years and analysis for its reliability and validity]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:58-62. [PMID: 36655259 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220208-00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To develop a caregiver parenting behavior scale for children aged 2 to 6 years, and to verify its reliability and validity. This study recruited 1 350 caregivers of children aged 2 to 6 years. The item discrimination analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to analyze the structure, dimensions and items of the scale. Homogeneity reliability, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were used to analyze the reliability of the scale. Content validity and construct validity were used to analyze the validity of the scale. The results showed that the final scale contained 7 dimensions and 45 items. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.945; the coefficient of split half was 0.899; the test-retest reliability analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the two tests were 0.893 (total score), 0.854 (social), 0.832 (language), 0.871 (gross motor), 0.893 (fine motor), 0.862 (cognitive), 0.832 (self-care), and 0.872 (sensory). The content validity analysis was carried out by two rounds of expert argumentation using Delphi expert consultation method. The Kendall coefficient of the items score in two rounds of Delphi expert consultation was 0.813 (P<0.01). The structure validity analysis showed that there were significant correlations between each dimension and the total scale, also between each dimension of the scale, and the extracted average variance values of each dimension was greater than the correlation coefficients between this dimension and other dimensions. In conclusion, the reliability and validity of the scale are qualified. It can be used as a tool to evaluate and guide the parenting behavior of caregivers of children aged 2 to 6 years.
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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Long Non-Coding RNA-Growth Arrest Specific 5 (LncRNA-GAS5) Modification Impede the Migration and Invasion Activities of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2023.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The impact of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells and LncRNAs remains poorly understood. This study mainly explores the mechanism of LncRNA-GAS5-modified BMSCs on the behaviors of PTC cells, aiming to further elucidate
PTC carcinogenesis and provide evidence for drug development. PTC cell lines were assigned into blank group, BMSCs group (co-culture with BMSCs), GAS5 group (co-culture with LncRNA-GAS5-modified BMSCs) and positive control group (cultured in the presence of 60 μg/mL β-elemene)
followed by analysis of LncRNA-GAS5 expression, the number of migrating and invading PTC cells, the quantity of EMT-related markers, MMP-9 and MMP-2. LncRNA-GAS5 level was lowest in the blank group, while highest in the GAS5 group (P <0.05), followed by positive control group and
BMSCs group. Moreover, the number of migrated and invaded cells was highest in the blank group, while lowest in GAS5 group (P < 0.05), followed by positive control group and BMSCs group. PTC cells exhibited the highest expression of EMT-related markers (N-cadherin and Vimentin) and
MMPs but lowest E-cadherin level in blank group and positive control group. These proteins showed an opposite trend in GAS5 group and BMSCs group. Additionally, a more remarkable difference was recorded in the GAS5 group (P <0.05). LncRNA-GAS5-modified BMSCs can down-regulate Vimentin
and N-cadherin while up-regulate E-cadherin, thereby restraining the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2. In this way, the EMT process can be manipulated, leading to inhibition of PTC cells behaviors by LncRNA-GAS5-modified BMSCs, indicating that LncRNA-GAS5 might be applied as a therapeutic target
for PTC.
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Soil microbial abundance was more affected by soil depth than the altitude in peatlands. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1068540. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1068540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial abundance is a key factor to predict soil organic carbon dynamics in peatlands. However, little is known about the effects of altitude and soil depth and their interaction on soil microbial abundance in peatlands. In this study, we measured the microbial abundance and soil physicochemical properties at different soil depths (0–30 cm) in peatlands along an altitudinal gradient (from 200 to 1,500 m) on Changbai Mountain, China. The effect of soil depth on soil microbial abundance was stronger than the altitude. The total microbial abundance and different microbial groups showed the same trend along the soil depth and altitudinal gradients, respectively. Microbial abundance in soil layer of 5–10 cm was the highest and then decreased with soil depth; microbial abundance at the altitude of 500–800 m was the highest. Abiotic and biotic factors together drove the change in microbial abundance. Physical variables (soil water content and pH) and microbial co-occurrence network had negative effects on microbial abundance, and nutrient variables (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) had positive effects on microbial abundance. Our results demonstrated that soil depth had more effects on peatland microbial abundance than altitude. Soil environmental change with peat depth may lead to the microorganisms receiving more disturbances in future climate change.
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mRNA Alteration Mapping of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in C57BL/6 Mice. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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