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Matrix-free human pluripotent stem cell manufacturing by seed train approach and intermediate cryopreservation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:89. [PMID: 38528578 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have an enormous therapeutic potential, but large quantities of cells will need to be supplied by reliable, economically viable production processes. The suspension culture (three-dimensional; 3D) of hPSCs in stirred tank bioreactors (STBRs) has enormous potential for fuelling these cell demands. In this study, the efficient long-term matrix-free suspension culture of hPSC aggregates is shown. METHODS AND RESULTS STBR-controlled, chemical aggregate dissociation and optimized passage duration of 3 or 4 days promotes exponential hPSC proliferation, process efficiency and upscaling by a seed train approach. Intermediate high-density cryopreservation of suspension-derived hPSCs followed by direct STBR inoculation enabled complete omission of matrix-dependent 2D (two-dimensional) culture. Optimized 3D cultivation over 8 passages (32 days) cumulatively yielded ≈4.7 × 1015 cells, while maintaining hPSCs' pluripotency, differentiation potential and karyotype stability. Gene expression profiling reveals novel insights into the adaption of hPSCs to continuous 3D culture compared to conventional 2D controls. CONCLUSIONS Together, an entirely matrix-free, highly efficient, flexible and automation-friendly hPSC expansion strategy is demonstrated, facilitating the development of good manufacturing practice-compliant closed-system manufacturing in large scale.
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Sensor-Assisted Wound Therapy in Plantar Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2023:19322968231213095. [PMID: 38006228 DOI: 10.1177/19322968231213095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Offloading is the cornerstone of treatment of plantar diabetic foot ulcers. It limits mobility with consequent psychological and cardiovascular side effects, and if devices are removed, healing is delayed. METHODS We developed three non-removable techniques with increasing offloading potential (multilayer felt sole, felt-fiberglass sole, or total contact casts with ventral windows) and sensors built within. Smartwatch and web apps displayed pressure, temperature, humidity, and steps. They alerted patients, staff, and a telemedicine center when pressure limits (125 kPa) were exceeded. Patients were advised to walk as much as they had done before the ulcer episode. To evaluate the potential of this intervention, we enrolled 20 ambulatory patients in a randomized clinical trial. The control group used the same offloading and monitoring system, but neither patients nor therapists received any information or warnings. RESULTS Three patients withdrew consent. The median time to healing of ulcers was significantly shorter in the intervention group compared with controls, 40.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 28-not applicable [NA]) versus 266.0 (95% CI = 179-NA) days (P = .037), and increasing ulcer area was observed less frequently during study visits (7.9% vs 29.7%, P = .033). A reduction of wound area by 50% was reached at a median of 10.2 (95% CI = 7.25-NA) versus 19.1 (95% CI = 13.36-NA) days (P = .2). Participants walked an average of 1875 (SD = 1590) steps per day in intervention group and 1806 (SD = 1391) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Sensor-assisted wound therapy may allow rapid closure of plantar foot ulcers while maintaining patient's mobility during ulcer therapy.
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GMP-Compliant Manufacturing of TRUCKs: CAR T Cells targeting GD2 and Releasing Inducible IL-18. Front Immunol 2022; 13:839783. [PMID: 35401506 PMCID: PMC8988144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells can be highly effective in the treatment of hematological malignancies, but mostly fail in the treatment of solid tumors. Thus, approaches using 4th advanced CAR T cells secreting immunomodulatory cytokines upon CAR signaling, known as TRUCKs (“T cells redirected for universal cytokine-mediated killing”), are currently under investigation. Based on our previous development and validation of automated and closed processing for GMP-compliant manufacturing of CAR T cells, we here present the proof of feasibility for translation of this method to TRUCKs. We generated IL-18-secreting TRUCKs targeting the tumor antigen GD2 using the CliniMACS Prodigy® system using a recently described “all-in-one” lentiviral vector combining constitutive anti-GD2 CAR expression and inducible IL-18. Starting with 0.84 x 108 and 0.91 x 108 T cells after enrichment of CD4+ and CD8+ we reached 68.3-fold and 71.4-fold T cell expansion rates, respectively, in two independent runs. Transduction efficiencies of 77.7% and 55.1% was obtained, and yields of 4.5 x 109 and 3.6 x 109 engineered T cells from the two donors, respectively, within 12 days. Preclinical characterization demonstrated antigen-specific GD2-CAR mediated activation after co-cultivation with GD2-expressing target cells. The functional capacities of the clinical-scale manufactured TRUCKs were similar to TRUCKs generated in laboratory-scale and were not impeded by cryopreservation. IL-18 TRUCKs were activated in an antigen-specific manner by co-cultivation with GD2-expressing target cells indicated by an increased expression of activation markers (e.g. CD25, CD69) on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and an enhanced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytolytic mediators (e.g. IL-2, granzyme B, IFN-γ, perforin, TNF-α). Manufactured TRUCKs showed a specific cytotoxicity towards GD2-expressing target cells indicated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, a decrease of target cell numbers, microscopic detection of cytotoxic clusters and detachment of target cells in real-time impedance measurements (xCELLigence). Following antigen-specific CAR activation of TRUCKs, CAR-triggered release IL-18 was induced, and the cytokine was biologically active, as demonstrated in migration assays revealing specific attraction of monocytes and NK cells by supernatants of TRUCKs co-cultured with GD2-expressing target cells. In conclusion, GMP-compliant manufacturing of TRUCKs is feasible and delivers high quality T cell products.
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The effect of peri-operative dexmedetomidine on the incidence of postoperative delirium in cardiac and non-cardiac surgical patients: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1342-1351. [PMID: 33960404 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Delirium occurs commonly following major non-cardiac and cardiac surgery and is associated with: postoperative mortality; postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction; increased length of hospital stay; and major postoperative complications and morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peri-operative administration of dexmedetomidine on the incidence of postoperative delirium in non-cardiac and cardiac surgical patients. In this randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial we included 63 patients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing major open abdominal surgery or coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative delirium, as screened for with the Confusion Assessment Method. Delirium assessment was performed twice daily until postoperative day 5, at the time of discharge from hospital or until postoperative day 14. We found that dexmedetomidine was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative delirium within the first 5 postoperative days, 43.8% vs. 17.9%, p = 0.038. Severity of delirium, screened with the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist, was comparable in both groups, with a mean maximum score of 1.54 vs. 1.68, p = 0.767. No patients in the dexmedetomidine group died while five (15.6%) patients in the placebo group died, p = 0.029. For patients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing major cardiac or non-cardiac surgery, we conclude that the peri-operative administration of dexmedetomidine is associated with a lower incidence of postoperative delirium.
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Induced dendritic cells co-expressing GM-CSF/IFN-α/tWT1 priming T and B cells and automated manufacturing to boost GvL. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 21:621-641. [PMID: 34095345 PMCID: PMC8142053 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with minimal residual disease and receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) have poor survival. Adoptive administration of dendritic cells (DCs) presenting the Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) leukemia-associated antigen can potentially stimulate de novo T and B cell development to harness the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect after HCT. We established a simple and fast genetic modification of monocytes for simultaneous lentiviral expression of a truncated WT1 antigen (tWT1), granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon (IFN)-α, promoting their self-differentiation into potent “induced DCs” (iDCtWT1). A tricistronic integrase-defective lentiviral vector produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP)-like conditions was validated. Transduction of CD14+ monocytes isolated from peripheral blood, cord blood, and leukapheresis material effectively induced their self-differentiation. CD34+ cell-transplanted Nod.Rag.Gamma (NRG)- and Nod.Scid.Gamma (NSG) mice expressing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A∗0201 (NSG-A2)-immunodeficient mice were immunized with autologous iDCtWT1. Both humanized mouse models showed improved development and maturation of human T and B cells in the absence of adverse effects. Toward clinical use, manufacturing of iDCtWT1 was up scaled and streamlined using the automated CliniMACS Prodigy system. Proof-of-concept clinical-scale runs were feasible, and the 38-h process enabled standardized production and high recovery of a cryopreserved cell product with the expected identity characteristics. These results advocate for clinical trials testing iDCtWT1 to boost GvL and eradicate leukemia.
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PB14. Fully automated segmentation of intracerebral depth electrode contacts with subsequent separation into distinct electrodes in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Membrane development for improved performance of a magnetically induced vibration system for anaerobic sludge filtration. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Comparing anterior segment optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy with histopathology in measurement of corneal and bulbar conjunctival tumors depth. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in conjunctival nevi. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Thoraco-abdominal Wall Reconstruction after Surgical Debulking of a Giant Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma: a Case Report. Acta Chir Belg 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2011.11680749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Photocatalytic removal of phenol and methylene-blue in aqueous media using TiO2@LDH clay nanocomposites. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Photo-responsive behavior of γ-Fe2O3 NPs embedded into ZnAlFe-LDH matrices and their catalytic efficiency in wastewater remediation. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Improvement in gastrointestinal and health-related quality of life outcomes after conversion from mycophenolate mofetil to enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium in liver transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:234-40. [PMID: 24507058 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate improvement in gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in liver transplant recipients switched from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS). METHODS A multicenter, open-label, single-arm study was undertaken in maintenance liver transplant recipients who reported GI complications with MMF therapy. The patients were switched to equimolar doses of EC-MPS at baseline. The primary end point was the change in the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) total score after 6 to 8 weeks of treatment with EC-MPS. Other key assessments for GI symptoms and HRQoL included the GSRS subscores, the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI), the Psychological General Well-Being Index, and the Overall Treatment Effect (OTE). Paired t-test was used to assess the difference in the mean score changes over time. RESULTS A total of 34 patients were enrolled and switched to equimolar doses of EC-MPS. After 6 to 8 weeks of EC-MPS treatment, mean GSRS total score improved significantly from 2.88 ± 0.66 to 2.10 ± 0.78. Mean improvement in GSRS total score (-0.77 score points; P = .001) exceeded the minimal clinically important difference. Significant improvements were observed in all GSRS subscales (P < .05), GIQLI total scores (P = .001), and GIQLI subscales "GI symptoms" (P < .001) and "physical function" (0.013). Patients who continued EC-MPS reported sustained benefits compared with patients who switched back to MMF after 6 to 8 weeks of treatment with EC-MPS. On the OTE scale, improvement in symptoms was reported in 76.5% and 61.8% of the patients as perceived by the physicians and the patients. Improvement in HRQoL was reported by 41.2% of the patients. No deaths, biopsy proven acute rejections, or graft losses were reported during the study. CONCLUSION Conversion from MMF to EC-MPS was associated with a significant improvement in GI symptoms and HRQoL in liver transplant recipients.
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Indigenous West Nile virus infections in horses in Albania. Transbound Emerg Dis 2014; 60 Suppl 2:45-50. [PMID: 24589101 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Serum samples collected from 167 equines of 12 districts in Albania were tested for West Nile virus-specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization assay, using WNV lineage 1 and 2. In addition, 95 bird serum samples from Albania and 29 horse samples from Kosovo were tested in ELISA. An overall seroprevalence rate of 22% was found in horses from Albania, whereas no specific antibodies were found in the equine samples from Kosovo and the bird samples. This is the first report indicating WNV infections in animals in Albania, and the first reported seroprevalence study conducted for Kosovo. These results provide evidence for widespread infections of WNV in Albania.
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Everolimus and early calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal: 3-year results from a randomized trial in liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:701-10. [PMID: 24502384 PMCID: PMC4285226 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of de novo everolimus without calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) therapy following liver transplantation was assessed in a multicenter, prospective, open-label trial. Liver transplant patients were randomized at 4 weeks to start everolimus and discontinue CNI, or continue their current CNI-based regimen. The primary endpoint was adjusted estimated GFR (eGFR; Cockcroft-Gault) at month 11 post randomization. A 24-month extension phase followed 81/114 (71.1%) of eligible patients to month 35 post randomization. The adjusted mean eGFR benefit from randomization to month 35 was 10.1 mL/min (95% confidence interval [CI] -1.3, 21.5 mL/min, p = 0.082) in favor of CNI-free versus CNI using Cockcroft-Gault, 9.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (95% CI -0.4, 18.9, p = 0.053) with Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (four-variable) and 9.5 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (95% CI -1.1, 17.9, p = 0.028) using Nankivell. The difference in favor of the CNI-free regimen increased gradually over time due to a small progressive decline in eGFR in the CNI cohort despite a reduction in CNI exposure. Biopsy-proven acute rejection, graft loss and death were similar between groups. Adverse events led to study drug discontinuation in five CNI-free patients and five CNI patients (12.2% vs. 12.5%, p = 1.000) during the extension phase. Everolimus-based CNI-free immunosuppression is feasible following liver transplantation and patients benefit from sustained preservation of renal function versus patients on CNI for at least 3 years.
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Tracking with Straw Tubes in the PANDA Experiment. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146611007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Does cellular sex matter? Dimorphic transcriptional differences between female and male endothelial cells. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Public health and vector-borne diseases - a new concept for risk governance. Zoonoses Public Health 2013; 60:528-38. [PMID: 23480672 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Public Health is defined as an interdisciplinary multilevel approach that deals with questions of preventing diseases at the population level. In this context, this paper focuses on vector-borne diseases as an important threat with an increasing impact on human and animal health. Emphasis is laid on an integrated health approach ('One-Health' initiative) as it recognizes the interrelated nature of both human and animal health. The importance of vector-borne diseases to new and emerging diseases in Europe was demonstrated, for example, by the recent outbreak of West Nile virus infections in Greece, Northern Italy and Hungary; the spread of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus across Turkey, south-western countries of the former USSR and the Balkans; the dramatic increase in hantavirus infections in Germany in 2012; and the dengue virus outbreak in Portugal in the same year. This paper provides a systematic approach for the analysis, assessment and governance of emerging health risks attributed to vector-borne diseases by using a holistic approach developed by the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC), called the 'IRGC Risk Governance Framework'. It can be used by decision-makers and general Public Health authorities in order to evaluate the situation regarding any specific pathogen or Public Health risk and to decide if additional measures should be implemented.
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GRP-103 Integration of Oral Anticancer Drugs into Standardised Computerised Physician Order Entry Systems. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2013-000276.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Critical relevance of early calcineurin-inhibitor exposure for long-term renal function after liver transplantation: response to letter by Rodríguez-Perálvarez et al. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:240. [PMID: 23279684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Fallzahlprognosen in der Versorgungsplanung. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1323450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Development of a model to analyse foot biomechanics using dynamic 3D surface scanning. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2012; 15 Suppl 1:85-6. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.713690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thoraco-abdominal wall reconstruction after surgical debulking of a giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma: a case report. Acta Chir Belg 2011; 111:250-252. [PMID: 21954745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A case of a patient with a recurrent dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma with extensive invasion of the thoraco-abdominal wall including the skin, requiring reconstructive surgery after debulking of the tumor is reported.
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New TiO2/MgAl-LDH nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 10:8227-8233. [PMID: 21121320 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2010.3005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study we report the synthesis of a series of composite nanostructures comprising LDH and TiO2 phases. The materials characterization showed that the LDH crystallites are encapsulated inside the TiO2 matrix after the anatase seeds are deposited on MgxAl-LDHs. The structure in which LDH phase is embedded into anatase matrix is unique bringing important advantages to the photocatalytic performances of the nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared nanocomposites was tested on the degradation of the methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution. The photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposites were compared with commercial TiO2 nanoparticles Degussa P25. The nanocomposites exhibited superior photocatalytic activity in basic environment because the negatively charged surface of TiO2 nanoparticles at high pH attracts the positively charged methylene blue species.
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Non-human primates in outdoor enclosures: risk for infection with rodent-borne hantaviruses. Vet Microbiol 2010; 147:420-5. [PMID: 20727685 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Different species of non-human primates have been exploited as animal disease models for human hantavirus infections. To study the potential risk of natural hantavirus infection of non-human primates, we investigated serum samples from non-human primates of three species living in outdoor enclosures of the German Primate Center (GPC), Göttingen, located in a hantavirus endemic region of central Germany. For that purpose we used serological assays based on recombinant antigens of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) transmitted Puumala virus (PUUV) and the common and field vole (Microtus arvalis, Microtus agrestis) associated Tula virus (TULV) which are both broadly geographically distributed in Germany. In 24 out of 251 (9.6%) monkey sera collected in 2006 PUUV- and/or TULV-reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were detected. Investigation of follow-up sera from 13 animals confirmed for two animals a seroconversion due to hantavirus exposure at the GPC. To prove the origin of the infection, wild rodents from the surrounding regions were analyzed by hantavirus-specific reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis. In 6 of the 73 investigated bank voles and 3 of the 19 investigated Microtus spp. PUUV- and TULV-specific nucleic acid sequences, respectively, were detected. In conclusion, our investigations demonstrate for the first time natural infections of non-human primates in outdoor enclosures in Germany. These findings highlight the importance of hantavirus surveillance in those primate housings and corresponding preventive measures against wild rodents, particularly in hantavirus endemic regions.
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Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants strongly affect the results of the basophil activation test in hymenoptera-venom allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40:1333-45. [PMID: 20545702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In hymenoptera-venom allergy, sera of up to 60% of patients show in vitro reactivity to honeybee venom (HBV) and yellow jacket venom (YJV). This phenomenon is mainly caused by specific IgE (sIgE) against cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD). Whether or not these antibodies can induce clinical symptoms is a longstanding debate. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activity of CCD-sIgE and the suitability of the basophil activation test (BAT) in hymenoptera venom-allergic patients having CCD-sIgE. METHODS The biological activity of CCD-sIgE was analysed by application of native and CCD-depleted YJV and HBV in BAT with the blood of 62 hymenoptera venom-allergic patients and 16 non-allergic controls. According to results of intracutaneous skin tests (IC) with YJV and HBV and the existence of CCD-sIgE, patients were classified into six subgroups. RESULTS In patients with mono-positive IC and CCD-sIgE, and thus double-positive sIgE, BAT with native venoms was also double positive in up to 67% of the patients. In contrast, BAT with CCD-depleted venoms was positive only with the IC-positive venom. However, activation of basophils with the IC-negative venom was significantly lower compared with the IC-positive one. In IC mono-positive patients without CCD-sIgE, BAT was mono-positive with the IC-positive venom in the native and in the CCD-depleted form. CCD-positive patients with double-positive IC were a heterogeneous group, with the majority of CCD-positive patients also being double positive with the native forms of both venoms but mono-positive with the CCD-depleted ones. CONCLUSIONS In vitro BAT clearly demonstrates biological activity of CCD-sIgE. However, because most of the patients showed a mono-positive IC and activation of basophils with the IC-negative venom was significantly lower compared with the IC-positive one, the present data suggest that CCD-sIgE is clinically irrelevant in these patients.
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One-year functional magnetic resonance imaging follow-up study of neural activation during the recall of unresolved negative life events in borderline personality disorder. Psychol Med 2009; 39:507-516. [PMID: 18466663 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291708003358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recall of adverse life events under brain imaging conditions has been shown to coincide with activation of limbic and prefrontal brain areas in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We investigate changes of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation patterns during the recall of unresolved adverse life events (ULE) over 1 year. METHOD Thirteen female BPD patients participated in the study. During fMRI measurement subjects recalled ULE and negative but resolved life events (RLE) after individual cue words to stimulate autobiographical memory retrieval. Subjective intensity of emotional and sensoric experiences during recall was assessed as well as standardized measures of psychopathology. RESULTS A 2x2 factorial analysis of fMRI data (Deltat1/t2xDeltaULE/RLE) revealed major right more than left differences of activation (i.e. t1>t2) of the posterior more than anterior cingulate, superior temporal lobes, insula, and right middle and superior frontal lobes (second-level analysis, t=3.0, puncorrected=0.003). The opposite contrast (Deltat2/t1xDeltaULE/RLE) did not reveal any differences. We did not find changes of emotional or sensoric qualities during recall (ULE versus RLE) or of psychopathology measures over the 1-year period. CONCLUSIONS Although subjective and clinical data did not change within 1 year, we observed a substantial decrease of temporo-frontal activation during the recall of ULE from t1 to t2. If future research confirms these findings, the question arises whether the decrease of neural activation precedes clinical improvement in BPD.
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Vergleich prä- und postoperativer Aktivierungsmuster beim Entscheidungsverhalten nach Resektion einer frontalen fokalen corticalen Dysplasie: eine Einzelfallbeschreibung. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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The human basophil - a novel target of the neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Exp Dermatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00439a.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A simple way to design highly active titania / mesoporous silica photocatalysts. ZEOLITES AND RELATED MATERIALS: TRENDS, TARGETS AND CHALLENGES, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL FEZA CONFERENCE 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(08)80221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Diagnostik. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03370609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Neurale Korrelate des Risiko-Entscheidungsverhaltens: eine Studie mit funktioneller Kernspintomographie. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Investigation of the (sub)surface of commercially pure rolled aluminium alloys by means of total reflectance, r.f. GDOES, SEM/EDX and FIB/TEM analysis. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Habituelle Abortneigung und Antiphospholipidsyndrom - Fallbericht. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-923259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fulminante Lungenembolie nach Sectio caesarea - ein Fallbericht. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-923261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Management bei fetalen Ovarialzysten. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-923260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify clinical factors contributing to the lateralization of mesiotemporal memory functions in epilepsy by using memory-activated fMRI. METHODS Sixty patients aged 16 to 63 years with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and 20 patients aged 16 to 60 years with extratemporal epilepsy (ETE) due to circumscribed epileptogenic lesions who consecutively underwent presurgical evaluation including continuous video-EEG monitoring and structural MRI examinations were examined. During memory fMRI, the activation condition consisted of retrieval from long-term memory induced by self-paced performance of an imaginative walk through the patient's hometown. On the basis of a previous study, memory lateralization was defined as typical if larger fMRI activation was in the mesiotemporal structures contralateral to the epileptic focus. RESULTS There were 45 patients with MTLE who had typical memory lateralization (75%), whereas only 9 patients (45%) with ETE exhibited typical memory lateralization (p = 0.013). In MTLE patients, bilateral independent epileptiform discharges occurred more often in the atypical group than in patients with typical memory lateralization (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The fMRI lateralization of mesiotemporal visuospatial memory functions in patients with mesiotemporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is asymmetric: The larger activation usually appears contralateral to the side of the epileptogenic region. These findings occur more often in MTLE; in patients with extratemporal epilepsy, such type of asymmetry is not characteristic. In MTLE patients with bilateral independent epileptiform discharges, this type of asymmetry is also less frequent.
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Functional MRI Activation of Mesial and Anterior Temporal Lobe Structures in TLE. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-831975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
A post-synthesis deposition of vanadium silicalite-1 zeolite nanoparticles in the pores of SBA-15 results in a highly ordered hexagonal templated silica material with V-silicalite zeolitic plugs, giving rise to an increased crystallinity of the amorphous mesoporous walls.
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The localized expression of extracellular matrix components in healing tendon insertion sites: an in situ hybridization study. J Orthop Res 2002; 20:454-63. [PMID: 12038618 DOI: 10.1016/s0736-0266(01)00144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The localized expression of a number of extracellular matrix genes was evaluated over time in a novel rat rotator cuff injury model. The supraspinatus tendons of rats were severed at the bony insertion and repaired surgically. The healing response was evaluated at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-injury using histologic and in situ hybridization techniques. Expression patterns of collagens (I, II, III, IX, X, XII), proteoglycans (decorin, aggrecan, versican, biglycan, fibromodulin), and other extracellular matrix proteins (elastin, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated at the healing tendon to bone insertion site. Histologic results indicate a poor healing response to the injury, with only partial recreation of the insertion site by 8 weeks. In situ hybridization results indicate a specific pattern of genes expressed in each zone of the insertion site (i.e., tendon, fibrocartilage, mineralized cartilage, bone). Overall, expression of collagen types I and XII, aggrecan, and biglycan was increased, while expression of collagen type X and decorin was decreased. Expression of collagen type I, collagen type XII, and biglycan decreased over time, but remained above normal at 8 weeks. Results indicate that the rat supraspinatus tendon is ineffective in recreating the original insertion site, even at 8 weeks post-injury, in the absence of biological or biomechanical enhancements.
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Abstract
We aimed to find out to what extent functional representations of different fingers of the two hands overlap at the human primary and secondary somatosensory cortices SI and SII. Somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) were recorded with a 306-channel neuromagnetometer from 8 subjects. Tactile stimuli, produced by diaphragms driven by compressed air, were delivered to the fingertips in three different conditions. First, the right index finger was stimulated once every 2 s. Then two other stimuli were interspersed, in different sessions, to right- or left-hand fingers (thumb, middle finger, or ring finger) between the successive right index finger stimuli. Strengths of the responses to right index finger stimuli were evaluated in each condition. Responses to right index finger stimuli were modeled by three current dipoles, located at the contralateral SI and the SII cortices of both hemispheres. The earliest SI responses, peaking around 65 ms, were suppressed by 18% (P < 0.05) when the intervening stimuli were presented to the same hand; intervening stimuli to the other hand had no effect. The SII responses were bilaterally suppressed by intervening stimuli presented to either hand: in the left SII, the suppression was 39 and 42% (P < 0.01) and in the right SII 67 and 72% (P < 0.001) during left- and right-sided intervening stimuli, respectively. Left- and right-sided intervening stimuli affected similarly the SII responses and had no effect on the response latencies. The results indicate a strong and symmetric overlap of finger representations for both hands in the human SII cortices, and a weaker functional overlap for fingers of the same hand in the SI cortex.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES An efficient procedure for the magnetoencephalographic determination of functional landmarks in the somatosensory cortex has been developed. METHODS Digits 2-5 are stimulated in randomized order using balloon diaphragms. The interval between two stimuli is 500 ms. Source locations in area 3b are derived by interpreting the field component with a mean latency of 48 ms in terms of an equivalent current dipole. RESULTS The signal-to-noise ratio achieved in a given time for each of the 4 stimulation sites turned out to be only slightly smaller than the one obtained by stimulating a single site with an optimal interstimulus interval (about 1 s). CONCLUSIONS Compared to a sequential investigation of the different sites, the proposed procedure allows the reduction of the overall measurement time by a factor of about 2.7.
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Abstract
Recent structure determinations suggested a new binding site for a non-redox active metal ion in subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase both of mitochondrial and of bacterial origin. We analyzed the relevant metal composition of the bovine and the Paracoccus denitrificans enzyme and of bacterial site-directed mutants in several residues presumably liganding this ion. Unlike the mitochondrial enzyme where a low, substoichiometric content of Ca2+ was found, the bacterial wild-type (WT) oxidase showed a stoichiometry of one Ca per enzyme monomer. Mutants in Asp-477 (in immediate vicinity of this site) were clearly diminished in their Ca content and the isolated mutant enzyme revealed a spectral shift in the heme a visible absorption upon Ca addition, which was reversed by Na ions. This spectral behavior, largely comparable to that of the mitochondrial enzyme, was not observed for the bacterial WT oxidase. Further structure refinement revealed a tightly bound water molecule as an additional Ca2+ ligand.
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Potentiometric-Controlled Exchange of Actinide and Lanthanide Cations by Electrically Conducting Polymers Based Resin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.1998.80.4.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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[Anxiety immediately before lumbar myelography and possibilities for recognizing anxious patients in routine clinical practice]. RONTGENPRAXIS; ZEITSCHRIFT FUR RADIOLOGISCHE TECHNIK 1998; 51:16-22. [PMID: 9594634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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