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Enzler T, Nguyen A, Misleh J, Cline VJ, Johns M, Shumway N, Paulson S, Siegel R, Larson T, Messersmith W, Richards D, Chaves J, Pierce E, Zalupski M, Sahai V, Orr D, Ruste SA, Haun A, Kawabe T. A multicenter, randomized phase 2 study to establish combinations of CBP501, cisplatin and nivolumab for ≥3rd-line treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2024; 201:113950. [PMID: 38422585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no standard of care for ≥ 3rd-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). CBP501 is a novel calmodulin-binding peptide that has been shown to enhance the influx of platinum agents into tumor cells and tumor immunogenicity. This study aimed to (1) confirm efficacy of CBP501/cisplatin/nivolumab for metastatic PDAC observed in a previous phase 1 study, (2) identify combinations that yield 35% 3-month progression-free survival rate (3MPFS) and (3) define the contribution of CBP501 to the effects of combination therapy. METHODS CBP501 16 or 25 mg/m2 (CBP(16) or CBP(25)) was combined with 60 mg/m2 cisplatin (CDDP) and 240 mg nivolumab (nivo), administered at 3-week intervals. Patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to (1) CBP(25)/CDDP/nivo, (2) CBP(16)/CDDP/nivo, (3) CBP(25)/CDDP and (4) CDDP/nivo, with randomization stratified by ECOG PS and liver metastases. A Fleming two-stage design was used, yielding a one-sided type I error rate of 2.5% and 80% power when the true 3MPFS is 35%. RESULTS Among 36 patients, 3MPFS was 44.4% in arms 1 and 2, 11.1% in arm 3% and 33.3% in arm 4. Two patients achieved a partial response in arm 1 (ORR 22.2%; none in other arms). Median PFS and OS were 2.4, 2.1, 1.5 and 1.5 months and 6.3, 5.3, 3.7 and 4.9 months, respectively. Overall, all treatment combinations were well tolerated. Most treatment-related adverse events were grade 1-2. CONCLUSIONS The combination CBP(25)/(16)/CDDP/nivo demonstrated promising signs of efficacy and a manageable safety profile for the treatment of advanced PDAC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04953962.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Enzler
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - A Nguyen
- Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - J Misleh
- Medical Hematology Oncology Consultants PA, Newark, DE, USA
| | - V J Cline
- Texas Oncology - Austin Midtown, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M Johns
- Oncology Hematology Care Eastgate, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - N Shumway
- Texas Oncology-San Antonio Stone Oak, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S Paulson
- Texas Oncology - Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - R Siegel
- Illinois Cancer Specialists, Arlington Heights, IL, USA
| | - T Larson
- Minnseota Oncology Hematology PA, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - W Messersmith
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D Richards
- Texas Oncology - Northeast Texas Cancer and Research Institute, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - J Chaves
- Northwest Medical Specialties, PLLC, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - E Pierce
- Ochsner MD Anderson Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M Zalupski
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - V Sahai
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Orr
- Mary Crowley Cancer Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - S A Ruste
- Medical Affairs, Veristat LLC, Toronto Canada
| | - A Haun
- Medical Affairs, Veristat LLC, Toronto Canada
| | - T Kawabe
- CanBas Co., Ltd., Numazu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Clayton HB, Andrzejewski J, Johns M, Lowry R, Ashley C. Does the association between substance use and sexual risk behaviors among high school students vary by sexual identity? Addict Behav 2019; 93:122-128. [PMID: 30708337 PMCID: PMC8189289 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited information exists on whether associations between substance use behaviors (SUBs) and sexual risk behaviors (SRBs) vary by sexual identity. METHODS Data from the 2015 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 15,624), were analyzed to assess associations between SUBs (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, binge drinking, marijuana use, prescription drug misuse, injection drug use, illicit drug use) and SRBs (sexual activity, number of partners, condom use). Logistic regression models calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR), stratified by sexual identity, and interaction effects for sexual identity were introduced to models to determine if associations varied by sexual identity. RESULTS All SUBs had significant associations with current sexual activity and 4+ sexual partners for both heterosexual and LGB students. No condom use during last sexual intercourse was significantly associated with all SUBs except alcohol use among heterosexual students, while no condom use was only significantly associated with injection drug use among LGB students. Associations between current sexual activity and SUBs were significantly stronger among heterosexual compared to LGB students for smoking (aPR = 2.39;95% CI:2.15,2.65 vs aPR = 1.49;95% CI:1.14,1.95), marijuana use (2.41;2.15,2.71 vs 1.86;1.58,2.19) and prescription drug misuse (2.10;1.93,2.28 vs 1.60;1.28,2.00). Associations between no condom use and SUBs were significantly stronger for heterosexual compared to LGB students only for smoking (1.32;1.16,1.50 vs 0.96;0.73,1.25) and marijuana use (1.22;1.07,1.38 vs 0.90;0.72,1.12). CONCLUSIONS The relationship between most SUBs and SRBs did not vary significantly by sexual identity. These findings underscore the importance coordinating school-based programs to prevent substance use and promote sexual health.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Clayton
- Divison of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.
| | - J Andrzejewski
- Oakridge Associated Universities, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - M Johns
- Divison of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
| | - R Lowry
- Divison of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
| | - C Ashley
- Divison of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
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Khan E, Ambrose NL, Ahnström J, Kiprianos AP, Stanford MR, Eleftheriou D, Brogan PA, Mason JC, Johns M, Laffan MA, Haskard DO. A low balance between microparticles expressing tissue factor pathway inhibitor and tissue factor is associated with thrombosis in Behçet's Syndrome. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38104. [PMID: 27924945 PMCID: PMC5141484 DOI: 10.1038/srep38104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is common in Behçet's Syndrome (BS), and there is a need for better biomarkers for risk assessment. As microparticles expressing Tissue Factor (TF) can contribute to thrombosis in preclinical models, we investigated whether plasma microparticles expressing Tissue Factor (TF) are increased in BS. We compared blood plasma from 72 healthy controls with that from 88 BS patients (21 with a history of thrombosis (Th+) and 67 without (Th-). Using flow cytometry, we found that the total plasma MP numbers were increased in BS compared to HC, as were MPs expressing TF and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) (all p < 0.0001). Amongst BS patients, the Th+ group had increased total and TF positive MP numbers (both p ≤ 0.0002) compared to the Th- group, but had a lower proportion of TFPI positive MPs (p < 0.05). Consequently, the ratio of TFPI positive to TF positive MP counts (TFPI/TF) was significantly lower in Th+ versus Th- BS patients (p = 0.0002), and no patient with a TFPI/TF MP ratio >0.7 had a history of clinical thrombosis. We conclude that TF-expressing MP are increased in BS and that an imbalance between microparticulate TF and TFPI may predispose to thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Khan
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - N L Ambrose
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - J Ahnström
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - A P Kiprianos
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M R Stanford
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College, London, UK
| | - D Eleftheriou
- Institute of Child Heath, University College, London, UK
| | - P A Brogan
- Institute of Child Heath, University College, London, UK
| | - J C Mason
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M Johns
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M A Laffan
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - D O Haskard
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Bombarely A, Moser M, Amrad A, Bao M, Bapaume L, Barry CS, Bliek M, Boersma MR, Borghi L, Bruggmann R, Bucher M, D'Agostino N, Davies K, Druege U, Dudareva N, Egea-Cortines M, Delledonne M, Fernandez-Pozo N, Franken P, Grandont L, Heslop-Harrison JS, Hintzsche J, Johns M, Koes R, Lv X, Lyons E, Malla D, Martinoia E, Mattson NS, Morel P, Mueller LA, Muhlemann J, Nouri E, Passeri V, Pezzotti M, Qi Q, Reinhardt D, Rich M, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Robbins TP, Schatz MC, Schranz ME, Schuurink RC, Schwarzacher T, Spelt K, Tang H, Urbanus SL, Vandenbussche M, Vijverberg K, Villarino GH, Warner RM, Weiss J, Yue Z, Zethof J, Quattrocchio F, Sims TL, Kuhlemeier C. Insight into the evolution of the Solanaceae from the parental genomes of Petunia hybrida. Nat Plants 2016; 2:16074. [PMID: 27255838 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2016.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Petunia hybrida is a popular bedding plant that has a long history as a genetic model system. We report the whole-genome sequencing and assembly of inbred derivatives of its two wild parents, P. axillaris N and P. inflata S6. The assemblies include 91.3% and 90.2% coverage of their diploid genomes (1.4 Gb; 2n = 14) containing 32,928 and 36,697 protein-coding genes, respectively. The genomes reveal that the Petunia lineage has experienced at least two rounds of hexaploidization: the older gamma event, which is shared with most Eudicots, and a more recent Solanaceae event that is shared with tomato and other solanaceous species. Transcription factors involved in the shift from bee to moth pollination reside in particularly dynamic regions of the genome, which may have been key to the remarkable diversity of floral colour patterns and pollination systems. The high-quality genome sequences will enhance the value of Petunia as a model system for research on unique biological phenomena such as small RNAs, symbiosis, self-incompatibility and circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aureliano Bombarely
- Department of Horticulture, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 490 West Campus Dr., Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Michel Moser
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Avichai Amrad
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Laure Bapaume
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, 6 Rte Albert Gockel, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Cornelius S Barry
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Mattijs Bliek
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike R Boersma
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Borghi
- Institute of Plant and Microbiology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstr. 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Bucher
- Cologne Biocenter, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nunzio D'Agostino
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di Ricerca per l'Orticoltura (CREA-ORT), via Cavalleggeri 25, 84098 Pontecagnano (Sa) Italy
| | - Kevin Davies
- Department of Breeding and Genomics, Plant and Food Research, Auckland, 120 Mt Albert Road, Mount Albert, Sandringham 1142, New Zealand
| | - Uwe Druege
- Department of Plant Propagation, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Kühnhäuserstr. 101, 99090 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Natalia Dudareva
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063, USA
| | - Marcos Egea-Cortines
- Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Universita degli Studi di Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Noe Fernandez-Pozo
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Philipp Franken
- Department of Plant Propagation, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), Kühnhäuserstr. 101, 99090 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Laurie Grandont
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J S Heslop-Harrison
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Jennifer Hintzsche
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Mitrick Johns
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Ronald Koes
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaodan Lv
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Eric Lyons
- School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Diwa Malla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant and Microbiology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstr. 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Neil S Mattson
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Patrice Morel
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), ENS de Lyon/CNRS/INRA/UCBL, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Lukas A Mueller
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Joëlle Muhlemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2063, USA
| | - Eva Nouri
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, 4 Rte Albert Gockel, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Passeri
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Universita degli Studi di Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Qinzhou Qi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Didier Reinhardt
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, 3 Rte Albert Gockel, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Rich
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, 5 Rte Albert Gockel, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Katja R Richert-Pöggeler
- Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11-12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tim P Robbins
- Department of Crop and Plant Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UL LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Michael C Schatz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research Center, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuurink
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trude Schwarzacher
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Kees Spelt
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haibao Tang
- School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Susan L Urbanus
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Vandenbussche
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), ENS de Lyon/CNRS/INRA/UCBL, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Kitty Vijverberg
- Radboud University, FNWI, IWWR, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gonzalo H Villarino
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Ryan M Warner
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Julia Weiss
- Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Zhen Yue
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jan Zethof
- Radboud University, FNWI, IWWR, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Quattrocchio
- Department of Plant Development and (Epi)Genetics, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L Sims
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Cris Kuhlemeier
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
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Ambrose N, Khan E, Ravindran R, Lightstone L, Abraham S, Botto M, Johns M, Haskard DO. The exaggerated inflammatory response in Behçet's syndrome: identification of dysfunctional post-transcriptional regulation of the IFN-γ/CXCL10 IP-10 pathway. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 181:427-33. [PMID: 25982097 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the exaggerated inflammatory response in Behçet's syndrome (BS) remain poorly understood. We investigated the response of CD14(+) blood monocytes to interferon (IFN)-γ, focusing on the chemokine CXCL10. Chemokine synthesis and release were analysed at a protein and mRNA level following stimulation with IFN-γ. Findings in BS patients were compared with 25 healthy controls (HC), 15 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 15 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease control patients. BS monocytes produced significantly more CXCL10 protein than HC monocytes from 2 h following IFN-γ stimulation, despite equivalent quantities of mRNA, suggesting more efficient translation. This was significantly more pronounced in BS with high disease activity and in those with ocular and neurological clinical manifestations. The imbalance between CXCL10 protein and mRNA expression was not observed in either RA or SLE patients, and was not seen with other chemokines studied (CXCL9, CXCL11 and CCL2). Furthermore, BS monocytes treated with an alternative stimulant (LPS) did not show abnormal tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α release. Sucrose density gradients to segregate monocyte CXCL10 mRNA into free RNA or polysome-associated RNA showed equal proportions in BS and HC samples, suggesting that the difference between BS and HC may be due to reduced negative control of CXCL10 translation in BS at a post-initiation level. We conclude that BS monocytes have dysfunctional post-transcriptional regulation of CXCL10 mRNA, resulting in over-expression of CXCL10 protein upon IFN-γ stimulation. As CXCL10 is a chemokine that recruits mononuclear cells, this abnormality may contribute to the exaggerated inflammatory responses that characterizes BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ambrose
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - E Khan
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - R Ravindran
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - L Lightstone
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - S Abraham
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M Botto
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M Johns
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - D O Haskard
- Vascular Sciences Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Iqbal MB, Johns M, Yu SC, Hyde GD, Gavins FN, Blackshear PJ, Mackman N, Dean JL, Boothby M, Haskard DO. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase -14 interacts with tristetraprolin to selectively regulate tissue factor mRNA stability: a novel role for ADP-ribosylation in regulating mRNA turnover and thrombosis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Khamis R, Batty T, Wong I, Johns M, Thom S, Mayet J, Stanton A, Hughes AL, Haskard DO. Dissecting the protective IgG anti-malondialdehyde-LDL (MDA-LDL) antibody response in a substudy of the Anglo Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT). Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Khamis R, Woollard K, Chang SH, Granger DW, Boyle JJ, Johns M, Matthews PM, Haskard DO. The Near Infra-Red (NIRF) molecular imaging of oxidised LDL in atherosclerosis with the native autoantibody LO1, and its molecularly expressed cysteine-tagged Fab construct (LO1-Fab-cys). Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Iqbal MB, Johns M, Yu SC, Hyde GD, Laffan MA, Gavins FN, Blackshear P, Dean JL, Mackman N, Boothby M, Haskard DO. 205 POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE-14 INTERACTS WITH TRISTETRAPROLIN TO SELECTIVELY REGULATE TISSUE FACTOR MRNA STABILITY: A NOVEL ROLE FOR ADP-RIBOSYLATION IN REGULATING MRNA TURNOVER AND THROMBOSIS. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Khamis RY, Chang SH, Boyle JJ, Bicknell C, Johns M, Haskard DO. 19 The Generation and Characterisation of LO1: A Unique IgG Monoclonal Natural Antibody Against Oxidised LDL (OxLDL). Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302951.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Iqbal MB, Dean JE, Burke N, Clark A, Johns M, Haskard DO. 01 Tristetraprolin Post-Transcriptionally Regulates Tissue Factor Expression in Primary Human and Murine Macrophages. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302951.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Khamis RY, Johns M, Thom S, Mayet J, McConnell E, Stanton A, Jeyapalan S, Annon S, Wrigley S, Hughes A, Haskard DO. 9 IgG anti-malonedialdehyde-LDL antibodies are associated with low risk of cardiovascular events in a substudy of the anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial (Ascot), and are unrelated To LDL, CRP levels and statin treatment. Heart 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300920b.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Iqbal M, Johns M, Laffan M, Haskard D, Boyle J. Dexamethasone reduces monocyte thrombogenecity via tissue factor-dependent and tissue factor-independent pathways. Atherosclerosis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Costello D, Johns M, Jackson B, Nannup S, O'Brien S. Preventing suicide in rural and remote Western Australia. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Boyle JJ, Johns M, Nguyen AT, Yu J, Game L, Schaer DJ, Mason JC, Haskard DO. FC2 Activating transcription factor 1 co-regulates iron, lipid and anti-inflammatory target genes to direct a novel atheroprotective human plaque macrophage subset. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.205781.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Ditty JL, Kvaal CA, Goodner B, Freyermuth SK, Bailey C, Britton RA, Gordon SG, Heinhorst S, Reed K, Xu Z, Sanders-Lorenz ER, Axen S, Kim E, Johns M, Scott K, Kerfeld CA. Incorporating genomics and bioinformatics across the life sciences curriculum. PLoS Biol 2010; 8:e1000448. [PMID: 20711478 PMCID: PMC2919421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jayna L. Ditty
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Kvaal
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Brad Goodner
- Department of Biology, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sharyn K. Freyermuth
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Bailey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Britton
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stuart G. Gordon
- Department of Biology, Presbyterian College, Clinton, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sabine Heinhorst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Kelynne Reed
- Biology Department, Austin College, Sherman, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Erin R. Sanders-Lorenz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Seth Axen
- Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
| | - Edwin Kim
- Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
| | - Mitrick Johns
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Scott
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A. Kerfeld
- Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Doshi A, Love C, Daoud E, Augostini R, Kalbfleisch S, Weiss R, Houmsse M, Hummel J, Patangay A, Siejko KZ, Da Cunha D, Pedraza A, Hamlin R, Binner L, Bodky J, Szendey I, Maunz M, Trautmann M, Kaltofen G, Eber B, Steiner A, Hero M, Guenoun M, Biffi M, Bertini M, Salomoni M, Bonfatti F, Balbo M, Martignani C, Ziacchi M, Boriani G, Choo WK, Tilling L, Gupta S, Adachi M, Igawa O, Yano A, Miake J, Inoue Y, Ogura K, Kato M, Iitsuka K, Freeman P, Huish J, Brooks V, Johns M, Ellis G, Bleasdale R, Galley D, Hoffmann E, Spitali G, Marras E, Prades E, Davy JM, Volkov D, Polivenok I, Shovkun S, Smirnov V, Boyko V, Tassin A, Vitali L, Treguer F, Breard G, Gaggini G, Kobeissi A, Furber A, Dupuis JM, Tassin A, Vitali L, Treguer F, Breard G, Gaggini G, Kobeissi A, Furber A, Dupuis JM, Hashizume K, Takahashi R, Inoue Y, Tsutsumi K, Suzuki S, Ishikawa N, Arie T, Stevenson RA, Dabney WS, Schaerf R, Develle R, Dalal Y, Snell JD, Bharmi R, Snell JR, Rooke R, Korsun N, Fatemi S, Morley B, Beynon RP, Pearce KA, Hill LM, Argyle RA, Ray SG, Davidson NC. Poster session 3: Pacemaker and sensor algorithm. Europace 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Gass JK, Johns M, Burrows NP. Photographic artefact resembling melanocytic naevi. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006; 32:210-1. [PMID: 17137487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02282.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Kinderlerer A, Johns M, Lidington E, Steinberg R, Boyle J, Haskard D, Mason J. Laminar shear stress upregulates the complement-inhibitory protein CD59: a novel cytoprotective mechanism against complement-mediated injury on endothelial cells (EC). Vascul Pharmacol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2006.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Jones TH, Murray A, Johns M, Gill CO, McMullen LM. Differential expression of proteins in cold-adapted log-phase cultures of Escherichia coli incubated at 8, 6 or 2 degrees C. Int J Food Microbiol 2005; 107:12-9. [PMID: 16256234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2005] [Revised: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 08/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is used to control the growth of microorganisms in foods. The minimum temperature for sustained growth of Escherichia coli is 7 degrees C. E. coli cells in the logarithmic phase of growth at 15 degrees C were incubated at 8, 6 or 2 degrees C. The cells grew with the formation of filaments at the two higher temperatures, but did not grow at 2 degrees C. In order to investigate more thoroughly the nature of filament formation in E. coli at temperatures near the minimum temperature for sustained growth, cells were harvested after 1 day at 2 degrees C or at times up to 4 or 8 days at 8 or 6 degrees C, respectively. Proteins extracted from the cells were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), and spots containing differentially expressed proteins were identified by quadropole time-of-flight tandem (Q-ToF-2) mass spectrometry. For most of the identified proteins, the amounts were not substantially different in cells grown at 15 degrees C or incubated at 2 degrees C. In cells incubated at 8 or 6 degrees C, proteins associated with stress responses, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport were present in substantially greater amounts, and proteins associated with protein synthesis were present in substantially smaller amounts than in cells grown at 15 degrees C. These findings suggest that the stringent response is induced in E. coli incubated at temperatures near the minimum for growth, so the formation of filaments at those temperatures may be a result of the stringent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Jones
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1.
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Johns M, Landon P, Alderson T, Hutchings GJ. Decreased methane formation from the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide using zeolite/cobalt-manganese oxide composite catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2001:2454-5. [PMID: 12240011 DOI: 10.1039/b108353h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A composite catalyst comprising a physical mixture of a zeolite and a cobalt/manganese oxide Fischer-Tropsch catalyst decreases the formation of methane in the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide without significantly affecting conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Department of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK CF10 3TB
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22
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Johns M, Brodnik M. The ability to successful implement information technology is a challenge irrespective of the environment in which it is used (e.g., health care, banking, manufacturing). Top Health Inf Manage 2001; 21:v-vii. [PMID: 11378985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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23
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Graeff R, Munshi C, Aarhus R, Johns M, Lee HC. A single residue at the active site of CD38 determines its NAD cyclizing and hydrolyzing activities. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:12169-73. [PMID: 11278881 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011299200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme involved in metabolizing two Ca(2+) messengers, cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). When incubated with NAD, CD38 predominantly hydrolyzes it to ADP-ribose (NAD glycohydrolase), but a trace amount of cADPR is also produced through cyclization of the substrate. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to investigate the amino acid important for controlling the hydrolysis and cyclization reactions. CD38 and its mutants were produced in yeast, purified, and characterized by immunoblot. Glu-146 is a conserved residue present in the active site of CD38. Its replacement with Phe greatly enhanced the cyclization activity to a level similar to that of the NAD hydrolysis activity. A series of additional replacements was made at the Glu-146 position including Ala, Asn, Gly, Asp, and Leu. All the mutants exhibited enhanced cyclase activity to various degrees, whereas the hydrolysis activity was inhibited greatly. E146A showed the highest cyclase activity, which was more than 3-fold higher than its hydrolysis activity. All mutants also cyclized nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide to produce cyclic GDP. This activity was enhanced likewise, with E146A showing more than 9-fold higher activity than the wild type. In addition to NAD, CD38 also hydrolyzed cADPR effectively, and this activity was correspondingly depressed in the mutants. When all the mutants were considered, the two cyclase activities and the two hydrolase activities were correlated linearly. The Glu-146 replacements, however, only minimally affected the base-exchange activity that is responsible for synthesizing NAADP. Homology modeling was used to assess possible structural changes at the active site of E146A. These results are consistent with Glu-146 being crucial in controlling specifically and selectively the cyclase and hydrolase activities of CD38.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Graeff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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24
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Abstract
Laws of negligence dictate that jurors' decisions about damages be influenced by the severity of plaintiffs' injuries and not by the reprehensibility of defendants' conduct. The authors simulated an automobile negligence trial to assess whether jurors' decisions are in accord with those expectations. Conduct of the defendant and severity of the plaintiff's injuries were manipulated. Jurors listened to the evidence, completed predeliberation questionnaires, deliberated as a jury, and completed postdeliberation questionnaires. Severity of the plaintiff's injury had a strong impact on damage awards, but evidence related to the defendant's conduct was also influential, particularly when the plaintiffs injuries were mild. Here, jurors with any conduct-related evidence gave larger damage awards than jurors with no conduct-related evidence. Findings suggest an effect of defendant conduct on damage awards that may be mediated by judgments that the defendant was negligent.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Greene
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 80933, USA.
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25
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Rosenthal E, Quint DJ, Johns M, Peterson B, Hoeffner E. Diagnostic maxillofacial coronal images reformatted from helically acquired thin-section axial CT data. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175:1177-81. [PMID: 11000186 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.175.4.1751177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to determine the sensitivity and specificity of coronal images reformatted from helical thin-section axial CT data obtained for the evaluation of maxillofacial fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiple fractures were created in nine cadaver heads by blunt trauma and were then evaluated using a late-generation helical CT scanner. Two neuroradiologists then independently evaluated the axial and reformatted coronal maxillofacial images. Subsequently, they reviewed the axial and direct coronal CT images, which were considered the criterion standard. RESULTS A total of 87 fractures were identified. An experienced neuroradiologist failed to identify one displaced fracture and two nondisplaced fractures when evaluating the reformatted coronal and direct axial images for an overall sensitivity of 97%. A less experienced neuroradiologist failed to identify a total of five minimally displaced or nondisplaced fractures for an overall sensitivity of 94%. For each radiologist, no significant difference in the time required to interpret the direct versus the reformatted coronal images was seen. CONCLUSION Interpretation of axial and reformatted coronal images resulted in accurate identification of displaced maxillofacial fractures in cadavers. This study suggests that the added cost and radiation exposure associated with incremental direct coronal CT may not be necessary for detection of clinically significant maxillofacial fractures and that further evaluation of this protocol in live trauma patients is warranted. However, because nondisplaced fractures were not routinely detected using reformatted coronal images, physical examination and clinical suspicion will still also remain necessary to determine the need for further imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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26
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Abstract
Localization of targets during stereotactic surgery is frequently accomplished by identification of the boundaries between the gray matter of various nuclei and the surrounding white matter. The authors describe an intracranial probe developed for this purpose, which uses near-infrared (NIR) light. The probe fits through standard stereotactic holders and emits light at its tip. The scattered light is detected and analyzed by a spectrometer, with the slope of the trailing portion of the reflectance curve used as the measurement value. Near-infrared readings were obtained during 27 neurosurgical procedures. The first three operations were temporal lobectomies, with values obtained from tracks in the resected specimen and resection bed. In the next five procedures, the probe was inserted stereotactically to a depth of 1 to 2 cm with measurements obtained every 1 mm. The probe was then used in 19 stereotactic procedures for movement disorders, obtaining measurements every 0.5 to 1 mm to target depths of 6 to 8 cm to interrogate subcortical structures. The NIR signals were correlated to distances beneath the cortical surface measured on postoperative computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging by using angle correction and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques. The NIR values for white and gray matter obtained during the lobectomies were significantly different (white matter 2.5+/-0.37, gray matter 0.82+/-0.23 mean +/- standard deviation). The NIR values from the superficial stereotactic tracks showed initial low values corresponding to cortical gray matter and high values corresponding to subcortical white matter. There was good correlation between the NIR signals and postoperative imaging in the 19 stereotactic cases. Dips due to adjacent sulci, a plateau of high signal due to subcortical white matter, a dip in the NIR signal during passage through the ventricle, dips due to the caudate nucleus, and peaks due to the white matter capsule between ventricle and thalamus were constant features. The putamen-capsule boundary and the lamina externa and interna of the globus pallidus could be distinguished in three cases. Elevated signals corresponding to the thalamic floor were seen in 10 cases. Nuances such as prior lesions and nonspecific white matter changes were also detected. There was no incidence of morbidity associated with use of the probe. Data acquisition was straightforward and the equipment required for the studies was inexpensive. The NIR probe described in this article seems to be able to detect gray-white matter boundaries around and within subcortical structures commonly encountered in stereotactic functional neurosurgery. This simple, inexpensive method deserves further study to establish its efficacy for stereotactic localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Giller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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27
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Abstract
The development of phage display technology has facilitated the development of many new and sometimes novel antibody based reagents for scientific research. However, present methods for selection from phage-sFv display libraries are limited to selection against purified antigens or ex vivo cells of known origin and phenotype. Existing methods therefore preclude the isolation of sFv against unknown molecules in their natural environment, where expression is complex and subject to diverse control mechanisms. Since such a complex environment is difficult to mimic in vitro, the development of an in vivo selection procedure would greatly enhance the selection from phage display antibody libraries and lead to the development of reagents against cell surface molecules in their natural environment. This would be particularly advantageous for isolation of sFv against vascular endothelium which can readily change phenotype when cultured and is believed to express molecules in a tissue specific manner and in response to different stimuli. We describe here the development of an in vivo selection procedure in the mouse and demonstrate its potential for the selection of sFv from a phage-sFv library. The target antigen for one sFv is expressed solely on the thymic endothelium, while the second, a 165-170 kDa molecule in present on both thymic endothelium and the perivascular epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Department of Immunology, Division of Medicine, Commonwealth Building, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, UK
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28
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Abstract
The development of monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology (1) has had a significant impact on many fields of research, in particular immunology. However, the method has limitations. The use of recombinant DNA technology and demonstration by Smith 1985 (2) that peptides can be expressed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophages have permitted the development of a powerful new methodology for the generation and isolation of novel antibody-based reagents for both research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
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Johns M. A crystal ball for coding. J AHIMA 2000; 71:26-33. [PMID: 11009646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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30
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Johns M. Communicating effectively with a patient who has a somatization disorder. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59:2639-40. [PMID: 10323364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- St. Anthony Family Medicine Residency, Denver, CO 80204, USA
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McKay PF, Imami N, Johns M, Taylor-Fishwick DA, Sedibane LM, Totty NF, Hsuan JJ, Palmer DB, George AJ, Foxwell BM, Ritter MA. The gp200-MR6 molecule which is functionally associated with the IL-4 receptor modulates B cell phenotype and is a novel member of the human macrophage mannose receptor family. Eur J Immunol 1999. [PMID: 9862343 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199812)28:12%3c4071::aid-immu4071%3e3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The human gp200-MR6 molecule has previously been shown to have either an antagonistic or agonistic effect on IL-4 function, demonstrated by inhibition of IL-4-induced proliferation of T cells or mimicking of IL-4-induced maturation of epithelium, respectively. We now show that gp200-MR6 ligation can also mimic IL-4 and have an anti-proliferative pro-maturational influence within the immune system, causing up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules on B lymphocytes. Biochemical analysis and cDNA cloning reveal that gp200-MR6 belongs to the human macrophage mannose receptor family of multidomain molecules. It comprises 1722 amino acids in toto (mature protein, 1695 amino acids; signal sequence, 27 amino acids) organized into 12 external domains (an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain, a fibronectin type II domain and 10 C-type carbohydrate recognition domains), a transmembrane region and a small cytoplasmic C terminus (31 amino acids) containing a single tyrosine residue (Y1679), but no obvious kinase domain. Strong amino acid sequence identity (77%) suggests that gp200-MR6 is the human homologue of the murine DEC-205, indicating that this molecule has much wider functional activity than its classical endocytic role. We also show that the gp200-MR6 molecule is closely associated with tyrosine kinase activity; the link between gp200-MR6 and the IL-4 receptor may therefore be via intracellular signaling pathways, with multifunctionality residing in its extracellular multidomain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F McKay
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, GB
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32
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McKay PF, Imami N, Johns M, Taylor-Fishwick DA, Sedibane LM, Totty NF, Hsuan JJ, Palmer DB, George AJ, Foxwell BM, Ritter MA. The gp200-MR6 molecule which is functionally associated with the IL-4 receptor modulates B cell phenotype and is a novel member of the human macrophage mannose receptor family. Eur J Immunol 1998; 28:4071-83. [PMID: 9862343 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199812)28:12<4071::aid-immu4071>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The human gp200-MR6 molecule has previously been shown to have either an antagonistic or agonistic effect on IL-4 function, demonstrated by inhibition of IL-4-induced proliferation of T cells or mimicking of IL-4-induced maturation of epithelium, respectively. We now show that gp200-MR6 ligation can also mimic IL-4 and have an anti-proliferative pro-maturational influence within the immune system, causing up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules on B lymphocytes. Biochemical analysis and cDNA cloning reveal that gp200-MR6 belongs to the human macrophage mannose receptor family of multidomain molecules. It comprises 1722 amino acids in toto (mature protein, 1695 amino acids; signal sequence, 27 amino acids) organized into 12 external domains (an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain, a fibronectin type II domain and 10 C-type carbohydrate recognition domains), a transmembrane region and a small cytoplasmic C terminus (31 amino acids) containing a single tyrosine residue (Y1679), but no obvious kinase domain. Strong amino acid sequence identity (77%) suggests that gp200-MR6 is the human homologue of the murine DEC-205, indicating that this molecule has much wider functional activity than its classical endocytic role. We also show that the gp200-MR6 molecule is closely associated with tyrosine kinase activity; the link between gp200-MR6 and the IL-4 receptor may therefore be via intracellular signaling pathways, with multifunctionality residing in its extracellular multidomain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F McKay
- Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, GB
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33
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Neyman MR, Block G, Johns M, Sutherlin JM, McDonald RB, Zidenberg-Cherr S. Effect of participation in congregate-site meal programs on the energy and nutrient intakes of Hispanic seniors. J Am Diet Assoc 1998; 98:1460-2. [PMID: 9850118 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M R Neyman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Johns M, Giller C, Liu H. Computational and in vivo investigation of optical reflectance from human brain to assist neurosurgery. J Biomed Opt 1998; 3:437-445. [PMID: 23015144 DOI: 10.1117/1.429894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive disease involving the globus pallidus (GP), which is a gray matter mass, surrounded by white matter deep within the brain. During a neurosurgery procedure, a thin probe is inserted into the GP to create a lesion that often relieves the cardinal symptoms of PD. The goal of this study is to develop an optical method to accurately locate the GP border. In theory, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to predict the optical reflectance from brain tissue. In experiment, a portable, real-time display spectrometer with a fiber optic reflectance probe was developed and used during human surgery. Optical reflectance values were recorded at 1 mm intervals to obtain a spatial profile of the tissue as the probe passed through regions of gray and white matter. The simulation and in vivo studies of the reflectance from the brain are in good agreement with one another. The clinical data show that the reflectance from gray matter is approximately 50% or less than that from white matter between 650 and 800 nm. A slope algorithm is developed to distinguish gray and white matter in vivo. This study provides previously unknown optical reflectance of the human brain. © 1998 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
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Imami N, Brookes PA, Lombardi G, Hakooz B, Johns M, Goldman JM, Batchelor JR, Lechler RI, Ritter MA. Association between interleukin-4-producing T lymphocyte frequencies and reduced risk of graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation 1998; 65:979-88. [PMID: 9565104 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199804150-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously developed and used limiting dilution analysis to measure frequencies of alloreactive cytotoxic T cell precursors (CTLp) and interleukin (IL)-2-producing T helper cells (IL-2/HTLp) to assess the risk of graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplantation (BMT). However, no test has been available to measure precursor frequencies of the important IL-4-secreting subset. METHODS We have now established a limiting dilution analysis to measure the frequency of IL-4-producing T helper cells (IL-4/HTLp) using the IL-4-responsive indicator cell line CT.h4S and have applied this assay to measure alloreactive IL-4/HTLp frequencies in BMT donor-recipient pairs. These frequencies were then analyzed in the context of clinical data to assess the relationship between the number of donor anti-recipient IL-4-secreting T cells and disease outcome. RESULTS Frequencies of IL-4/HTLp have been studied in HLA-identical siblings, HLA-"matched" unrelated, and HLA-mismatched combinations and found to range from approximately 1/500,000 in HLA-identical sibling pairs to -1/2,000 in HLA-DR-mismatched pairs. These frequencies were independent of those for IL-2/HTLp and showed a negative correlation with those for CTLp. Clinical follow-up of 30 patients showed that high IL-4/HTLp frequencies are associated with a reduced risk of severe graft-versus-host disease. High IL-4/HTLp frequencies may also indicate an increased risk of leukemia relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that measurement of IL-4/HTLp frequencies provides information distinct from that obtained with CTLp and IL-2/HTLp. This new assay provides a valuable additional method for optimizing donor selection in unrelated BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Imami
- Department of Immunology and Haematology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England
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Abstract
Poster sessions now form an important part of most scientific and medical meetings. Traditionally they have been seen by presenters as the poor relation to the lecture programme and consequently poster preparation has never been given the attention it deserves. This article examines the principles of poster production and describes the contribution the illustrator can make to its production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Clinical School of the University of Cambridge, UK
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Abstract
The consequences of dozing off when intending to stay awake, e.g. while driving or at work, are potentially catastrophic. The accurate assessment of this tendency is important, but is currently difficult. Several different methods give disparate results. A way out of this dilemma is suggested that involves modification of existing concepts of sleep and wakefulness to conclude the powerful influence of behaviour on sleep propensity. This propensity at a particular time depends, hypothetically, on a mutually inhibitory interaction between a sleep and a wake drive, not on the magnitude of either drive alone. Measurements of sleep propensity are partly situation-specific, whether measured objectively by laboratory tests or subjectively by a questionnaire such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. The latter is believed to measure a general characteristic, the average sleep propensity across a range of specified situations in daily life. Any one situational sleep propensity is not always an accurate predictor of another, even in the same subject. The Multiple Sleep Latency test should not be a gold standard for such measurements. Wider discussion and more research into "sleepiness" is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Epworth Sleep Centre, Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, 3121, Victoria, Australia
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Johns M, Bellamy K, Brown S, Duguid K, Johnson A, Maclean K, Morton R, Nayler J, Nicholls M, Rogers G, Tovey J. Polaroid photography as an alternative method of recording clinical material in plastic surgery. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1997; 42:425-6. [PMID: 9448406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Paquet A, Blackwell B, Johns M, Nikiforuk J. Synthesis of phosphotyrosine-containing peptides using bis-(2,2,2-trichloro)ethyl groups for phosphate protection. J Pept Res 1997; 50:262-8. [PMID: 9352464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1997.tb01467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Suitability of bis-(2,2,2-trichloro)ethyl (Tc) groups for protection of phosphate moiety in Boc-mode synthesis of phosphotyrosine peptides is demonstrated Boc-Tyr(PO3Tc2)-OH and Fmoc-Tyr(PO3Tc2)-OH were prepared by acylating H-Tyr(PO3Tc2)-OH with (Boc)2O and Fmoc-ONSu, respectively. Phosphorus introduction was achieved by phosphorylating Boc-Tyr-OBzl with Tc phosphochloride. The Tc-phosphorus protector was found to be incompatible with the Fmoc group because the conditions of Fmoc removal (piperidine treatment) caused dephosphorylation. Complete NMR spectral assignments in the described compounds is presented. (Contribution No. 2398 from the Centre for Food and Animal Research).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paquet
- Centre for Food and Animal Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Abstract
Excessive daytime sleepiness in the general community is a newly recognized problem about which there is little standardized information. Our aim was to measure the levels of daytime sleepiness and the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness in a sample of Australian workers and to relate that to their self-reported sleep habits at night and to their age, sex, and obesity. Sixty-five percent of all 507 employees working during the day for a branch of an Australian corporation answered a sleep questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) anonymously. Normal sleepers, without any evidence of a sleep disorder, had ESS scores between 0 and 10, with a mean of 4.6 +/- 2.8 (standard deviation). They were clearly separated from the "sleepy" patients suffering from narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia whose ESS scores were in the range 12-24, as described previously. ESS scores > 10 were taken to represent excessive daytime sleepiness, the prevalence of which was 10.9%. This was not related significantly to age (22-59 years), sex, obesity, or the use of hypnotic drugs but was related significantly but weakly to sleep-disordered breathing (frequency of snoring and apneas), the presence of insomnia, and reduced time spent in bed (insufficient sleep).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Sleep Disorders Unit, Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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41
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Brodnik M, McCain M, Linck J, Bowman B, Elliott C, Johns M, DeBerg C, St Leger M. Curriculum model for associate degree programs in HIM, Part III: Focus on educational outcomes and curricular content. J AHIMA 1997; 68:64-7. [PMID: 10167806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This is the last in a series of three articles that discuss curriculum models for associate and baccalaureate degree programs in health information management (HIM). Part I discussed the development of the models and presented a composite summary of key sections within the models. Part II focused on the baccalaureate degree curriculum model sections, which addressed educational outcomes, curricular content, and clinical experience expectations. Part III addresses these same sections, but in regard to the associate degree curriculum model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodnik
- School of Allied Medical Professions, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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42
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Johns M. Change by design. J AHIMA 1997; 68:6, 8. [PMID: 10167805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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43
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Brodnik M, McCain M, Linck J, Bowman B, Elliott C, Johns M, DeBerg C, St Leger M. Curriculum model for baccalaureate degrees programs in HIM, Part II: Focus on educational outcomes and curriculum content. J AHIMA 1997; 68:54, 56-9. [PMID: 10166456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This the second in a series of three articles discussing curriculum models for associate and baccalaureate degree programs in health information management (HIM). Part I discussed the development of the models and presented a composite summary of selected key sections within the models. Part II focuses on the educational outcomes, curriculum content, and clinical experience expectations for the baccalaureate degree curriculum model. Part III will do the same for the associate degree curriculum model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brodnik
- School of Allied Medical Professionals, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Brodnik M, McCain M, Linck J, Bowman B, Elliott C, Johns M, DeBerg C, St Leger M. A summary of the associate and baccalaureate degree curriculum models for health information management, Part I. J AHIMA 1997; 68:60-4. [PMID: 10166007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Brodnik
- School of Allied Medical Professions, Ohio State University Columbus, USA
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45
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Johns M. On the road to personal effectiveness. J AHIMA 1997; 68:6, 8. [PMID: 10166977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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46
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Pardes H, Johns M. Redesigning graduate medical education--location and content. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:1460. [PMID: 8927079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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49
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Abstract
The basic principles of design for projection slides are discussed, with particular reference to the impact of the personal computer and commercial presentation software on the material that is destined to end up on the screen at meetings and in seminar rooms. While modern software can be a boon to the presenter, allowing simple creation of slides, it can also encourage some of the worst excesses. The keynote of the design of slides for educational purposes should be simplicity, and ways of achieving simple but effective results are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Clinical School, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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50
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Abstract
The measurement of customer satisfaction is a process that is not commonly undertaken by medical illustration departments. The fact that many departments are now run on a zero-budgeted basis and rely totally on their 'customers' for their income has brought into sharper focus the need to ensure customer satisfaction with the services offered. This article discusses the background to customer satisfaction measurement and some of the techniques used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johns
- Clinical School, University of Cambridge, UK
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