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Gastrointestinal: Melanotic schwannoma of the pancreas associated with Carney complex: A cause of acute neoplastic symptom. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:7. [PMID: 35615762 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Inhibitory activity of flavonoids from Ephedrae Herba on hypoxia signaling in PANC-1 cells and the evaluation of their mechanisms. J Nat Med 2021; 75:612-622. [PMID: 33813664 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with a very poor prognosis. Recent reports indicate that hypoxia signaling mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) contributes to the progression of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, elucidating the inhibitor of hypoxia signaling may lead to the development of a candidate for new anticancer agents. During our screening program for HIF inhibitor from crude drug extracts, new acylated kaempferol glycosides, kaempferol 3-O-[4″-(E)-p-coumaroyl-3″-O-dihydroxypalmityl] rhamnoside (1) and kaempferol 3-O-[4″-(E)-p-coumaroyl-2″-O-dihydroxypalmityl] rhamnoside (2), were isolated from an acetone extract of Ephedrae Herba, together with eight known flavonol glycosides (3-10). The structures of novel compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated based on spectroscopic and chemical analyses. Using a cell-based HRE-driven luciferase reporter assay in a PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line, we found that these compounds demonstrated potent inhibitory activity on hypoxia signaling with IC50 values of 18.0 ± 0.6 and 13.3 ± 2.2 µM, respectively. Mechanistically, 2 reduced the amount of HIF-1α protein in the nuclear at 30 µM via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway with no effect on the nuclear translocation of HIF proteins from cytosol and subsequently decreased Glut1 mRNA. These results indicate that 2 inhibits hypoxia signaling through a mechanism involving the reduction of HIF-1α protein levels and Glut1 mRNA and may have anti-pancreatic cancer effects.
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Blood coagulation status after transcatheter aortic valve implantation between the patients with vitamin k antagonist and direct oral anticoagulants. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ischemic stroke after transchatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was recognized. Previous study showed that the median time of a stroke was 2.0 days (IQR, 1.0–5.0) after TAVI. One of the main mechanisms for ischemic stroke after TAVI was hyper-coagulation activity associated with TAVI procedure. However, the change of coagulation status in patients with oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy was not investigated fully.
Purpose
We investigated the difference of blood coagulation parameters between the patients with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and those with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC).
Methods
We enrolled 253 patients underwent transfemoral TAVI between February 2017 and March 2019 in our hospital. Of 253 patients, 71 patients (age: 85, male: 20%) took OAC therapy (VKA: 21 patients, DOAC: 50 patients). Patients who took apixaban was 32 patients, rivaroxaban was 7, edoxaban was 11. Prothrombin activation fragment 1+2 (F1+2) as a molecular marker of thrombin generation, thrombin-anti-thrombin complex (TAT) as a marker of thrombin neutralization, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) as a marker of thrombophilia and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) as a marker of fibrinolysis were measured before and immediately after TAVI, and on 1 and 2 day postoperatively. We also assessed ischemic stroke after TAVI between 2 groups according to BARC-2 criteria.
Results
In patients with VKA, the value of PT-INR the day before TVAI was 1.2 (1.1–1.4). The level of F1+2 in patients with VKA was significantly greater on day 0 postoperatively than those with DOAC [855 pmol/l (595–1135) vs 614 pmol/l (452–774) P=0.003]. The level of SFMC in patients with VKA was significantly greater on day 0 postoperatively than those with DOAC [37.4 μg/ml (17.3–64.5) vs. 15.7 μg/ml (8.8–27.3) P=0.002]. The level of FDP in patients with VKA was significantly greater on day 0 postoperatively than those with DOAC [VKA: 5.8 μg/ml (3.8–7.9), DOAC: 4.0 μg/ml (3.1–5.3) P=0.023]. There were no patients with ischemic stroke among 2 groups.
Conclusion
This study revealed that coagulation activity was increased after TAVI. Furthermore, the coagulation activity in patients with VKA was significantly higher than that with DOAC at especially immediately after TAVI. Careful attention should be paid to hyper-coagulation status after TAVI in patients with VKA.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Decellularized extracellular matrices derived from cultured cells at stepwise myogenic stages for the regulation of myotube formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118658. [PMID: 31978502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of stem cell differentiation is key for muscle tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To this end, various substrates mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) have been developed with consideration of the mechanical, topological, and biochemical properties. However, mimicking the biochemical properties of the native ECM is difficult due to its compositional complexity. To develop substrates that mimic the native ECM and its biochemical properties, decellularization is typically used. Here, substrates mimicking the native ECM at each myogenic stage are prepared as stepwise myogenesis-mimicking matrices via the in vitro myogenic culture of C2C12 myoblasts and decellularization. Cells adhered to the stepwise myogenesis-mimicking matrices at similar levels. However, the matrices derived from cells at the myogenic early stage suppressed cell growth and promoted myogenesis. This promotion of myogenesis was potentially due to the suppression of the activation of endogenous BMP signaling following the suppression of the expression of the myogenic-inhibitory factors, Id2 and Id3. Our stepwise myogenesis-mimicking matrices will be suitable ECM models for basic biological research and myogenesis of stem cells. Further, these matrices will provide insights that improve the efficacy of decellularized ECM for muscle repair.
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P2621Clinical safety and efficacy of tolvaptan for acute phase therapy in patients with low-flow severe aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Conventional diuretic therapy for low-flow (LF) severe aortic stenosis (SAS) often has an inadequate effect or causes hemodynamic instability. Tolvaptan is used for acute heart failure in addition to conventional diuretics in Japan, and it does not cause intravascular dehydration.
Purpose
This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the safety and efficacy of tolvaptan in the acute phase patients with SAS and compared LF-SAS with normal-flow (NF) SAS.
Methods
56 consecutive SAS patients are analyzed. The primary endpoints were adverse clinical events (death, worsening heart failure, worsening renal failure, fatal arrhythmia, cardiogenic or hypovolemic shock, and use of inotropic agents) and the volume of urine and fluid balance within 48 hours of tolvaptan administration (Figure).
Results
Among 56 patients, 16 had LF-SAS (29%), and 40 had NF-SAS (71%). Severe adverse clinical events were not observed 48 hours after tolvaptan administration. In both groups, the urine volume significantly increased after tolvaptan administration in comparison to 24 hours before tolvaptan administration (both, p<0.01). There were no changes in the urine volume during the initial 24 and 48 hours. In the LF-SAS group, tolvaptan resulted in a significant decrease in fluid balance during the initial 24 and 48 hours compared to 24 hours before tolvaptan administration (p<0.05).
Treatment and data collection protocols
Conclusion
Adding tolvaptan to conventional treatment leads to an increase in urine output and a decreased fluid balance without hemodynamic instability in patients with LF-SAS.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Renal Infiltration of Macrophages in Canine and Feline Chronic Kidney Disease. J Comp Pathol 2019; 170:53-59. [PMID: 31375159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), macrophage infiltration is a crucial event leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In the present study, macrophages infiltrating renal tissue in dogs and cats with CKD were analysed immunohistochemically. Iba-1 was used as a pan-macrophage marker, CD204 was used as a marker of M2 macrophages and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was used as a marker of M1 macrophages. Signals for Iba1 and CD204 were observed in the interstitium of all tested kidney samples. In dogs, the signals were diffusely scattered. In cats, both diffuse and focal signals were observed. Cells that were positive for Iba1 and CD204 were also observed in the tubular lumina in cats. Co-expression of Iba1 and CD204 was also observed in the infiltrating cells by immunofluorescence labelling, and these cells were negative for TNF-α. By quantitative analysis, the indices for Iba1- and CD204-positive cells were significantly correlated with the concentrations of plasma creatinine and/or urea and the extent of interstitial fibrosis in both dogs and cats. These results demonstrated that renal infiltration of M2 macrophages plays an important role in the progression of CKD in dogs and cats. The distribution pattern of the kidney-infiltrating macrophages was unique in cats and may be associated with a cat-specific renal fibrotic process.
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Murine Neural Stem Cell (NSC) Line, MEB5-derived Decellularized Matrix as an In Vitro Extracellular Matrix Model in NSC Niche. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Association of the PCK2 Gene Polymorphism With New-onset Glucose Intolerance in Japanese Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1045-1049. [PMID: 29731064 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation (NODAT) is a risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and poor graft survival after kidney transplantation (KTx). In this study, we identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in glucose metabolism and examined the correlation between these SNPs and glucose intolerance after KTx. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with normal glucose tolerance before KTx were included in this study. Patients with plasma glucose levels of >140 mg/dL at 120 minutes on the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 1 year after KTx were classified as having new-onset impaired glucose tolerance (NIGT). We identified 8 SNPs in 7 genes that are involved in glucose metabolism among the patients included in this study, and compared the prevalence rate of NIGT among SNPs in each gene. RESULTS Of the 38 patients, 11 (28.9%) were diagnosed with NIGT. For rs4982856 in the PCK2 gene, the distribution of genotypes among the total patient population was as follows: T/T, 12 (31.6%); T/C, 22 (57.9%); and C/C, 4 (10.5%). Seven of 11 patients with NIGT had the T/T genotype of rs4982856, whereas only 5 of 27 patients with normal glucose tolerance had this genotype. The T allele frequency of the rs4982856 was significantly higher in the NIGT group than in the normal group (81.8 vs 52.8%, respectively; P = .015). CONCLUSION Our study indicates that the T allele of the rs4982856 SNP in the PCK2 gene may be a risk factor for glucose intolerance after KTx.
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P6316Differences of blood coagulation parameters and platelet counts in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation with Edwards SAPIEN 3 or Corevalve Evolut R. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P5442Prevalence and predictors of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial obstructive disease in heart valve disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Examination in Dogs with Suspected Intracranial Hypertension Caused by Neurologic Diseases. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 32:314-323. [PMID: 29265506 PMCID: PMC5787153 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcranial Doppler ultrasound examination (TCD) is a rapid, noninvasive technique used to evaluate cerebral blood flow and is useful for the detection of intracranial hypertension in humans. However, the clinical usefulness of TCD in diagnosing intracranial hypertension has not been demonstrated for intracranial diseases in dogs. Objectives To determine the association between the TCD variables and intracranial hypertension in dogs with intracranial diseases. Animals Fifty client‐owned dogs with neurologic signs. Methods Cross‐sectional study. All dogs underwent TCD of the basilar artery under isoflurane anesthesia after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dogs were classified into 3 groups based on MRI findings: no structural diseases (group I), structural disease without MRI evidence of intracranial hypertension (group II), and structural disease with MRI evidence of intracranial hypertension (group III). The TCD vascular resistance variables (resistive index [RI], pulsatility index [PI], and the ratio of systolic to diastolic mean velocity [Sm/Dm]) were measured. Results Fifteen, 22, and 13 dogs were classified into groups I, II, and III, respectively. Dogs in group III had significantly higher Sm/Dm (median, 1.78; range, 1.44–2.58) than those in group I (median, 1.63; range, 1.43–1.75) and group II (median, 1.62; range, 1.27–2.10). No significant differences in RI and PI were identified among groups. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our findings suggest that increased Sm/Dm is associated with MRI findings of suspected intracranial hypertension in dogs with intracranial diseases and that TCD could be a useful tool to help to diagnose intracranial hypertension.
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P4289The impact of transient slow flow/no-reflow during rotational atherectomy on clinical outcomes. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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P5182Five-year clinical outcome after angioplasty for symptomatic lower-limb ischemia in hemodialysis patients. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Expression in Kidney Transplant Biopsy Specimens After Reperfusion Is Associated With Early Recovery of Graft Function After Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:68-72. [PMID: 28104162 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion injury during kidney transplantation (KTx) delays allograft recovery. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the key regulator of the protective response to ischemia/reperfusion injury. We evaluated the impact of the HIF-1α signaling pathway on allograft recovery during cadaveric KTx. METHODS Between 1996 and 2015, 46 patients underwent cadaveric KTx. The expression levels of HIF-1α-related proteins, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase, phosphorylated (p)-Akt, p-mammalian target of rapamycin, p-Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, p-S6 ribosomal protein, and HIF-1α, were immunohistochemically evaluated and semi-quantitatively scored in graft biopsy specimens after 1 hour of revascularization. Ten kidney biopsy specimens collected during donor nephrectomy for living KTx were used as controls. Delayed graft function (DGF) was defined as the need for dialysis within 1 week of KTx. We compared the staining scores of each protein and several clinical parameters between patients with and those without DGF. RESULTS Expression levels of all six proteins in specimens after revasculization were elevated compared with those in controls. Thirty-five patients had DGF. Expression levels of PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-eIF4E, and HIF-1α were significantly higher in patients without DGF than in those with DGF. Univariate analysis identified expression levels of p-Akt, p-S6, and HIF-1α, in addition to donor type (heart beating/non-heart beating), cold ischemic time, and donor age as significant predictors of DGF. Of these, only expression levels of HIF-1α and donor type were independently associated with DGF in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Up-regulation of HIF-1α in allografts after reperfusion may be a predictor of early recovery after cadaveric KTx.
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Serial measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration in dogs with immune-mediated disease treated with prednisolone. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58:342-347. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Localization of Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 mRNA in the Colorectal Mucosa of Miniature Dachshunds with Inflammatory Colorectal Polyps. J Comp Pathol 2017; 156:183-190. [PMID: 28089357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) are characterized by the formation of multiple or solitary polyps with marked neutrophil infiltration in the colorectal area, and are speculated to be a novel form of breed-specific canine idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In human IBD, toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the colorectal mucosa of dogs with ICRPs by in-situ hybridization using an RNAscope assay. Samples of inflamed colorectal mucosa (n = 5) and non-inflamed mucosa (n = 5) from miniature dachshunds (MDs) with ICRPs and colonic mucosa from healthy beagles (n = 5) were examined. TLR2 and TLR4 hybridization signals were localized to the colorectal epithelium, inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in the inflamed colorectal mucosa of affected dogs. The signals were significantly greater in inflamed colorectal epithelium compared with non-inflamed epithelium of MDs with ICRPs and healthy beagles (P <0.05). These results suggest that increased expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the inflamed colorectal mucosa results from not only inflammatory cell infiltration, but also the upregulation of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in the colonic epithelium.
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Inhibition of the Wnt Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.08.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Optimization of a fluorescence-based assay for mass drug screening against Babesia and Theileria. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vitamin D Status in Different Stages of Disease Severity in Dogs with Chronic Valvular Heart Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1518-23. [PMID: 26332427 PMCID: PMC4895654 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In humans with heart disease, vitamin D deficiency is associated with disease progression and a poor prognosis. A recent study showed that serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, the hallmark of vitamin D status, was lower in dogs with heart failure than in normal dogs, and a low concentration was associated with poor outcome in dogs with heart failure. Objectives To elucidate the vitamin D status of dogs with chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD) at different stages of disease severity. Animals Forty‐three client‐owned dogs with CVHD. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, dogs were divided into 3 groups (14 dogs in Stage B1, 17 dogs in Stage B2, and 12 dogs in Stage C/D) according to ACVIM guidelines. Dogs underwent clinical examination including echocardiography. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in each dog. Results Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in Stage B2 (median, 33.2 nmol/L; range, 4.9–171.7 nmol/L) and C/D (13.1 nmol/L; 4.9–58.1 nmol/L) than in Stage B1 (52.5 nmol/L; 33.5–178.0 nmol/L) and was not significantly different between Stage B2 and Stage C/D. Among clinical variables, there were significant negative correlations between 25(OH)D concentration and both left atrial‐to‐aortic root ratio and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter normalized for body weight. Conclusions and Clinical Importance These results indicate that vitamin D status is associated with the degree of cardiac remodeling, and the serum 25(OH)D concentration begins to decrease before the onset of heart failure in dogs with CVHD.
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Education and Imaging. Gastroenterology: Carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder presenting as a cholecysto-colic fistula. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 30:1112. [PMID: 26094660 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Usefulness of Three-Dimensional Computerized Tomographic Volumetry for Determining Split Renal Function in Donors for Living-Related Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:588-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic assessment of naturally occurring pancreatitis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:71-8. [PMID: 25270302 PMCID: PMC4858112 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in experimentally induced canine pancreatitis. However, its usefulness in detecting perfusion changes in naturally occurring pancreatitis is unclear. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of using CEUS to detect pancreatic and duodenal perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis. ANIMALS Twenty-three client-owned dogs with pancreatitis, 12 healthy control dogs. METHODS Dogs diagnosed with pancreatitis were prospectively included. CEUS of the pancreas and duodenum were performed. Time-intensity curves were created from regions of interest in the pancreas and duodenum. Five perfusion parameters were obtained for statistical analyses: time to initial up-slope, peak time (Tp), time to wash-out (TTW), peak intensity (PI), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS For the pancreas, Tp of the pancreatitis group was prolonged when compared to controls (62 ± 11 seconds versus 39 ± 13 seconds; P < .001). TTW also was prolonged but not significantly (268 ± 69 seconds versus 228 ± 47 seconds; P = .47). PI and AUC were increased when compared to controls (95 ± 15 versus 78 ± 13 MPV; P = .009 and 14,900 ± 3,400 versus 11,000 ± 2,800 MPV*s; P = .013, respectively). For the duodenum, PI and AUC were significantly increased in the pancreatitis group when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis characterized by delayed peak with prolonged hyperechoic enhancement of the pancreas on CEUS. Additionally, duodenal perfusion changes secondary to pancreatitis were observed.
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Nonlinear energy in a wave turbulence system. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2015.3s.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Prognostic value of left atrial function in dogs with chronic mitral valvular heart disease. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:1746-52. [PMID: 25327889 PMCID: PMC4895618 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A strong correlation between left atrial (LA) dysfunction and the severity of cardiac disease has been described in human patients with various cardiac diseases. The role of LA dysfunction in dogs with chronic mitral valvular heart disease (CMVHD) has not been addressed. Objectives To investigate the correlation between LA function and the prognosis of dogs with CMVHD. Animals Thirty‐eight client‐owned dogs with CMVHD. Methods Prospective clinical cohort study. Dogs were divided into 2 groups (survivors and nonsurvivors) based on the onset of cardiac‐related death within 1 year. Physical examination and echocardiographic variables were compared between the groups. For the assessment of the comparative accuracy in identifying patients with cardiac‐related death, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic analysis were used. Results The highest accuracy was obtained for the LA active fractional area change (LA‐FACact), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95, followed by the left atrial to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao), with an AUC of 0.94; peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E), with an AUC of 0.85; and LA total fractional area change (LA‐FACtotal), with an AUC of 0.85. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, LA‐FACact emerged as the only independent correlate of cardiac‐related death within 1 year (odds ratio = 1.401, P = .002). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Regarding both the size and function, the LA has a strong correlation with the prognosis of dogs with CMVHD. The most significant independent predictor of mortality in this study was LA‐FACact.
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OR08-1 * INSULAR ACTIVATION DURING REWARD ANTICIPATION REFLECTS DURATION OF ILLNESS IN ABSTINENT PATHOLOGICAL GAMBLERS. Alcohol Alcohol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu053.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Analyses of the binding between Theileria orientalis major piroplasm surface proteins and bovine red blood cells. Vet Rec 2014; 175:149. [PMID: 24943099 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Recurrent peritoneal inclusion cysts successfully treated with oral contraceptives: a report of two cases. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2014. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog16202014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Recurrent peritoneal inclusion cysts successfully treated with oral contraceptives: a report of two cases. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2014; 41:83-86. [PMID: 24707692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether conservative treatment with oral contraceptives is effective in the shrinkage of a peritoneal inclusion cyst (PIC). This is a case report of two patients with a PIC that developed after gynecological surgery. CASES Both cases were suspected of a PIC based on the medical history, laboratory data, and image findings. It was difficult in differentiate a PIC from an ovarian tumor. Surgery was chosen at first. However, PICs in both cases recurred after surgery and were treated with oral contraceptives as a conservative treatment. PICs shrank after the treatment of oral contraceptives in both cases. CONCLUSION Due to the high rate of recurrence following surgery, conservative treatment is recommended to treat PICs. Hormone therapy using oral contraceptives seems to have some therapeutic benefit for the PICs.
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Seroconversion of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with hyperCKemia: a case report. Eur J Neurol 2012; 19:e143. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03880.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Immunohistochemical detection of nm23-H1/NDP kinase in childhood thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2012; 4:285-8. [PMID: 21590044 DOI: 10.3892/or.4.2.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood thyroid cancer is known to be aggressive. High incidence of lymph node and distant metastasis are characteristic features of these cases. In adult, reduced expression of nm23-H1/nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase has been correlated with cancer invasion and metastasis in some tumor types. Therefore, we examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in childhood thyroid carcinomas in Japan. 27 primary thyroid carcinomas and 8 metastatic lymph nodes were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody H1-229. 21 out of 23 cases (91%) of papillary carcinomas were positively immunostained, whereas none of the 4 follicular carcinomas showed any immunoreactivity. No correlation was found between the nm23-H1/NDP kinase antigen expression and nodal involvement or distant metastasis in primary tumors. However, only 50% (4 out of 8) of metastatic lymph nodes from papillary carcinoma were positively stained, demonstrating a significant decrease comparing to those of primary sites. These data indicate that the expression of nm23-H1/NDP kinase cannot predict tumor metastatic potential in childhood thyroid cancer.
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Recent progress of the diagnosis for equine piroplasmosis. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
ABSTRACTRefractory suicides form high temperature stable Schottky contacts to GaAs. This finding enabled us to develop self-aligned GaAs MESFETs, thereby enabling the development of today's GaAs ICs. This paper reviews electrical and metallurgical studies on refractory-metal/GaAs and refractory-metal-si licide/GaAs interfaces. We emphasize the fact that W5Si3/GaAs contacts have extremely stable electrical properties even after annealing at temperatures up to 850°C. Crystallographical properties of the W5S3 film on GaAs, investigated by x-ray and TEM measurement techiques, are also covered. We found that the Schottky electrical characteristics are not affected by whether the film is amorphous or crystalline.
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Effect of electronic structure on single-photon emission in InAs/InP quantum dot with quasi-resonant excitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lectin histochemical analysis of the olfactory bulbs in the barfin flounder (Verasper moseri). Anat Histol Embryol 2009; 39:67-73. [PMID: 19922511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2009.00979.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have shown that the olfactory system of the fish contains the main and accessory olfactory systems. However, morphological data indicate that the accessory olfactory bulb, the primary centre for the accessory olfactory system, will not differentiate in the fish. Therefore, the fish olfactory bulb is supposed to engage in both main and accessory olfactory systems. To examine this possibility, we investigated the olfactory bulb of the barfin flounder (Verasper moseri) by histochemical examination using lectins. The olfactory bulb of the barfin flounder showed a laminar structure with four layers, and diffuse glomerular architecture was observed in the glomerular layer. Based on the expression patterns of sugar residues, the glomerular layer of the barfin olfactory bulb was largely divided into three portions. Heterogeneity in the lectin-binding pattern among olfactory glomeruli was clearly demonstrated by the fluorescent double-lectin staining. The results of this study suggest that the fish olfactory bulb contains both regions equivalent to the main and accessory olfactory bulbs, and they are subdivided into small subsets with different functions.
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Inhibitory effects of maternal smoking on the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity. Eye (Lond) 2009; 24:1024-7. [PMID: 19893590 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2009.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the effects of maternal smoking along with other clinical risk factors in developing severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were evaluated. DESIGN A case-control study. METHODS Records of newborn infants with an estimated postmenstrual age of 32 weeks or less (n=86) were reviewed. ROP grading was evaluated in accordance with the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Severe ROP was diagnosed when it progressed to stage 3 with plus disease. The factors were first evaluated using a univariate logistic regression analysis between the groups of severe and non-severe ROP, followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis using STATA version 10 and R version 2.71. RESULTS A low birth weight, a long duration of artificial ventilation and oxygen supplementation, presence of chronic lung disease, and absence of maternal smoking were found to be significantly associated with severe ROP in the univariate logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, maternal smoking was revealed as a significant factor independently associated with the incidence of severe ROP. CONCLUSIONS An inhibitory effect of maternal smoking against developing severe ROP is suggested. The mechanism by which smoking may reduce the incidence of severe ROP needs to be further investigated.
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C3 contributes to the cross-protective immunity induced by Babesia gibsoni phosphoriboprotein P0 against a lethal B. rodhaini infection. Parasite Immunol 2008; 30:365-70. [PMID: 18533933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2008.01026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the impact of complement component 3 (C3) deficiency on the progression of lethal Babesia rodhaini infection in immune mice. A B. gibsoni ribosomal phosphoprotein P0 (BgP0) previously reported to be a cross-protective antigen against Babesia infection was used to immunize C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and C3-deficient (C3-/-) mice. Test mice were immunized intraperitoneally (i.p.) with recombinant BgP0 (rBgP0), while controls either were immunized with PBS or did not receive any immunization. Following the immunization regime, test WT mice induced a specifically strong humoral response consisting of mixed immunoglobulins IgG1 and IgG2 associated with high production of IFN-gamma in the supernatant of splenocytes. While test C3-/- mice had significantly decreased total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b responses, the secretions of IL-12 and IFN-gamma tended to be lower than those in WT mice. Furthermore, partial protection was only observed in rBgP0-immunized WT mice but not in C3-/- mice or controls. Indeed, rBgP0-immunized WT mice showed significant reductions in the initiation of parasitaemia correlated with delayed mortalities and considerable survival rates. Taken together, our results indicate that cross-protection was impaired in C3-/- mice in view of the decrease in the antibody responses and cytokine production and the high susceptibility to infection.
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Contribution of Complement Component C3 and Complement Receptor Type 3 to Carbohydrate-dependent Uptake of Oligomannose-coated Liposomes by Peritoneal Macrophages. J Biochem 2008; 144:563-70. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Validation of the Japanese version of EORTC QLQ-CR38. Qual Life Res 2007; 17:317-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-007-9298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Protection studies against Marek's disease using baculovirus‐expressed glycoproteins B and C of Marek's disease virus type 1. Avian Pathol 2007; 25:5-24. [DOI: 10.1080/03079459608419116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Comparison of polymerase chain reaction methods for the detection of Theileria equi infection using whole blood compared with pre-extracted DNA samples as PCR templates. Trop Anim Health Prod 2007; 39:369-74. [PMID: 17944307 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-007-9025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, efficient, and reproducible procedures for isolating DNA before PCR gene amplification are essential for the diagnosis of piroplasms. In this study, we evaluated the ease and reliability of detecting Theileria equi by PCR using pre-extracted DNA samples (by QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and phenol-chloroform methods) compared with blood spotted on FTA cards as PCR templates. Although minimal variations in limit of detection were observed among the methods compared, overall, the use of pre-extracted DNA samples and blood spotted on FTA cards had comparable detection limits. These results indicate that T. equi infection can be efficiently detected directly from FTA cards by PCR without the need for pre-extraction of DNA from blood samples.
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Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors block erythrocyte invasion and intraerythrocytic development of Babesia bovis in vitro. Parasitology 2007; 134:1347-53. [PMID: 17634158 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182007002831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYCyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are essential for the regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. A number of chemicals, which selectively inhibit the CDK activities, have been synthesized for the development of anti-cancer drugs. This report describes the inhibitory effect of purine derivatives known to be CDK inhibitors on the asexual growth of Babesia bovis. The 4 compounds, roscovitine, purvalanol A, CGP74514A, and CDK2 Inhibitor II, showed significantly suppressive effects on the in vitro growth of B. bovis. Three (roscovitine, purvalanol A, and CDK2 Inhibitor II) showed an inhibitory effect on the early stages of intraerythrocytic development of B. bovis. CGP74514A (CDK1-specific inhibitor) blocked the erythrocyte invasion by merozoites. Our data suggest the chemotherapeutic potential of the CDK inhibitors for babesiosis, and the target molecules of the compounds would participate in the process of successful erythrocyte invasion or intraerythrocytic development of B. bovis.
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Intraperitoneal immunization with oligomannose-coated liposome-entrapped soluble leishmanial antigen induces antigen-specific T-helper type immune response in BALB/c mice through uptake by peritoneal macrophages. Parasite Immunol 2007; 29:229-39. [PMID: 17430546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that the intraperitoneal administration of soluble leishmanial antigen (SLA) entrapped in liposomes coated with neoglycolipids containing oligomannose residues (mannopentaose or mannotriose) strongly induces an antigen-specific T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response in BALB/c mice. In response to in vitro stimulation with SLA, spleen cells from mice that had received oligomannose-coated liposomes encasing SLA (SLA-OML) displayed greater interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2 production and lower IL-4 and IL-5 production than spleen cells from mice that had received SLA alone, indicating that the SLA-specific Th1 immune response had predominantly been induced in the mice that had received SLA-OML. After subsequent infection with Leishmania major, mice that had received SLA-OML were effectively protected against the disease, with a predominant production of IFN-gamma. OML were preferentially and rapidly incorporated into peritoneal macrophages, and the transplantation of macrophages containing SLA-OML into the peritoneal cavity also induced protection against L. major infection. Thus, SLA-OML were shown to successfully induce a specific Th1 immune response capable of controlling L. major infection in BALB/c mice through the effective uptake of OML by peritoneal macrophages.
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Number of positive lymph nodes independently affects long-term survival after resection in patients with ampullary carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:346-51. [PMID: 17097846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The nodal status is an established prognostic factor in ampullary carcinoma. The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic power of the anatomic location of positive nodes with that of the number of positive nodes. METHODS Of 73 consecutive patients treated for ampullary carcinoma, 62 underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with regional lymphadenectomy. A survival analysis of these 62 patients by nodal status was conducted retrospectively. A total of 1942 lymph nodes taken from the patients were examined histologically for metastasis. The location of positive regional nodes was classified into 4 categories, according to the Japanese staging system. The number of positive regional nodes was recorded for each patient. The median follow-up period was 124 months. RESULTS Nodal disease was found in 31 patients, of whom 23 had 1-3 positive regional nodes and 8 had >or=4 positive regional nodes. Univariate analysis revealed that both the location (p<0.0001) and the number (p<0.0001) of positive nodes were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis revealed that the number of positive nodes was an independent prognostic factor (p=0.007), while the location failed to remain as an independent variable. The median survival time was 59 months with a 5-year survival rate of 48% in patients with 1-3 positive nodes, whereas all patients with >or=4 positive nodes died of the disease within 29 months of resection (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION The number, not the location, of positive regional lymph nodes independently affects long-term survival after resection in patients with ampullary carcinoma.
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The Construction and Testing of the Japanese Version of EORTC Colorectal Cancer-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Module (EORTC QLQ-CR38). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3862/jcoloproctology.60.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Amount of cholesterol in host membrane affects erythrocyte invasion and replication byBabesia bovis. Parasitology 2006; 134:625-30. [PMID: 17147838 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182006001910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYCholesterol is a major component of the erythrocyte membrane. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cholesterol reduction in host bovine erythrocytes (RBC) on the growth ofBabesia bovis, a major bovine haemoprotozoon. Anin vitrogrowth assay with bovine RBC that had been prepared by pre-treatment with a cholesterol depletion agent (methyl-β-cyclodextrin, MCD) showed that the culture with 5 mmMCD-treated RBC inhibited the growth ofB. bovissignificantly as compared with that with the control RBC. In further experiments, the treatment with 5 mmMCD was proved to suppress both activities of the parasite, erythrocyte invasion and replication within the infected RBC. In contrast, a slight reduction in the membrane cholesterol by 1 mmMCD treatment promoted both their growth and erythrocyte invasion activity. These results indicate that erythrocyte invasion and replication byB. bovisare affected by the amount of cholesterol in the host erythrocyte membrane.
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Molecular characterization of a putative protein disulfide isomerase from Babesia caballi. Parasitology 2006; 131:775-82. [PMID: 16336731 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005008516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2005] [Revised: 05/30/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We produced a mAb against the Babesia caballi extracellular merozoite termed mAb 2H2 and used it to screen a cDNA expression library prepared from B. caballi merozoite mRNA for highly expressed proteins. The complete nucleotide sequence of the cloned gene had 1547 nucleotides and contained a 36-nucleotide intron. The 1398 nucleotide open reading frame predicts a 51 kDa protein showing similarity to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) from other species. The PDI gene had a predicted N-terminal signal sequence of 19 amino acids and a C-terminal tetrapeptide sequence (His-Thr-Glu-Leu; HTEL) for retention in lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The recombinant protein expressed in baculovirus showed an apparent mass of 51 kDa, identical to that the native B. caballi protein. Moreover, the ER retention signal site (HTEL) of the recombinant protein retained its function in ER of insect cells. This 51 kDa protein was strongly expressed by extracelluar B. caballi merozoites in indirect immunofluorescence antibody tests, and was not expressed in the early phase of trophozoite development. Interestingly, detailed observation showed that the reaction of anti-P51 antibody and mAb 2H2 against pear-shaped forms was very erratic, some displaying one or two brightly fluorescent patterns.
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Site-controlled quantum dots fabricated using an atomic-force microscope assisted technique. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2006; 1:160. [PMCID: PMC3246671 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-006-9012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An atomic-force microscope assisted technique is developed to control the position and size of self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Presently, the site precision is as good as ± 1.5 nm and the size fluctuation is within ± 5% with the minimum controllable lateral diameter of 20 nm. With the ability of producing tightly packed and differently sized QDs, sophisticated QD arrays can be controllably fabricated for the application in quantum computing. The optical quality of such site-controlled QDs is found comparable to some conventionally self-assembled semiconductor QDs. The single dot photoluminescence of site-controlled InAs/InP QDs is studied in detail, presenting the prospect to utilize them in quantum communication as precisely controlled single photon emitters working at telecommunication bands.
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The role of surface charging during the coadsorption of mercaptohexanol to DNA layers on gold: direct observation of desorption and layer reorientation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:5560-2. [PMID: 16768474 DOI: 10.1021/la060324m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the coadsorption of mercaptohexanol onto preimmobilized oligonucleotide layers on gold. Monitoring the position of the DNA relative to the surface by optical means directly shows the mercaptohexanol-induced desorption of DNA and the reorientation of surface-tethered strands in situ and in real time. By simultaneously recording the electrochemical electrode potential, we are able to demonstrate that changes in the layer conformation are predominantly of electrostatic origin and can be reversed by applying external bias to the substrate.
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