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Salazar J, Duran P, Garrido B, Parra H, Hernández M, Cano C, Añez R, García-Pacheco H, Cubillos G, Vasquez N, Chacin M, Bermúdez V. Weight Regain after Metabolic Surgery: Beyond the Surgical Failure. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1143. [PMID: 38398456 PMCID: PMC10888585 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing metabolic surgery have factors ranging from anatomo-surgical, endocrine metabolic, eating patterns and physical activity, mental health and psychological factors. Some of the latter can explain the possible pathophysiological neuroendocrine, metabolic, and adaptive mechanisms that cause the high prevalence of weight regain in postbariatric patients. Even metabolic surgery has proven to be effective in reducing excess weight in patients with obesity; some of them regain weight after this intervention. In this vein, several studies have been conducted to search factors and mechanisms involved in weight regain, to stablish strategies to manage this complication by combining metabolic surgery with either lifestyle changes, behavioral therapies, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic interventions, or finally, surgical revision. The aim of this revision is to describe certain aspects and mechanisms behind weight regain after metabolic surgery, along with preventive and therapeutic strategies for this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Heliana Parra
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Marlon Hernández
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Roberto Añez
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Quirónsalud, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Henry García-Pacheco
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad del Zulia, Hospital General del Sur, Dr. Pedro Iturbe, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
- Unidad de Cirugía para Obesidad y Metabolismo (UCOM), Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | | | | | - Maricarmen Chacin
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
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Duran P, Soliz P, Mujica OJ, Cueva DA, Serruya SJ, Sanhueza A. Neonatal mortality in countries of the Americas, 2000-2020: trends, inequalities, and target-setting. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2024; 48:e4. [PMID: 38259254 PMCID: PMC10801815 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2024.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze temporal trends and inequalities in neonatal mortality between 2000 and 2020, and to set neonatal mortality targets for 2025 and 2030 in the Americas. Methods A descriptive ecological study was conducted using 33 countries of the Americas as units of analysis. Both the percentage change and average annual percentage change in neonatal mortality rates were estimated. Measurements of absolute and relative inequality based on adjusted regression models were used to assess cross-country social inequalities in neonatal mortality. Targets to reduce neonatal mortality and cross-country inequalities were set for 2025 and 2030. Results The estimated regional neonatal mortality rate was 12.0 per 1 000 live births in 2000-2004 and 7.4 per 1 000 live births in 2020, representing a percentage change of -38.3% and an average annual percentage change of -2.7%. National average annual percentage changes in neonatal mortality rates between 2000-2004 and 2020 ranged from -5.5 to 1.9 and were mostly negative. The estimated excess neonatal mortality in the 20% most socially disadvantaged countries, compared with the 20% least socially disadvantaged countries, was 17.1 and 9.8 deaths per 1 000 live births in 2000-2004 and 2020, respectively. Based on an extrapolation of recent trends, the regional neonatal mortality rate is projected to reach 7.0 and 6.6 neonatal deaths per 1 000 live births by 2025 and 2030, respectively. Conclusions National and regional health authorities need to strengthen their efforts to reduce persistent social inequalities in neonatal mortality both within and between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duran
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s Health, and Reproductive HealthMontevideoUruguayLatin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s Health, and Reproductive Health, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Patricia Soliz
- Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in HealthPan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaDepartment of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America.
| | - Oscar J. Mujica
- Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in HealthPan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaDepartment of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America.
| | - Daniel A. Cueva
- Independent ConsultantTarragonaSpainIndependent Consultant, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Suzanne J. Serruya
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s Health, and Reproductive HealthMontevideoUruguayLatin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s Health, and Reproductive Health, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Antonio Sanhueza
- Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in HealthPan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaDepartment of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America.
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Serruya SJ, de Mucio B, Sosa C, Colomar M, Duran P, Gomez Ponce de Leon R, Aleman A, Luz AG, Souza RT, Costa ML, Cecatti JG. Surveillance of severe maternal morbidity and maternal mortality in maternity hospitals of the Latin American and Caribbean network - Red CLAP: study protocol. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2249771. [PMID: 37722922 PMCID: PMC10512792 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2249771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The sustained reduction in maternal mortality in America underlines the need to analyse women who survived a complication that could have been fatal if appropriate and timely care had not been taken. Analysis of maternal near-miss (MNM) cases, as well as potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTC), are considered indicators for monitoring the quality of maternal care. The specific objective of this study protocol is to develop a surveillance system for PLTC, MNM and maternal mortality, as primary outcomes, in Latin American and Caribbean maternal healthcare institutions. Secondarily, the study was designed to identify factors associated with these conditions and estimate how often key evidence-based interventions were used for managing severe maternal morbidity. This is a multicenter cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. The target population consists of all women admitted to health centres participating in the network during pregnancy, childbirth, or the postpartum period. Variables describing the sequence of events that may result in a PLTC, MNM or maternal death are recorded. Relevant quality control is carried out to ensure the quality of the database and confidentiality. Centres with approximately 2,500 annual deliveries will be included to achieve a sufficient number of cases for calculation of indicators. The frequency of outcome measures for PLTC, MNM and maternal mortality and their confidence intervals and differences between groups will be calculated using the most appropriate statistical tests. Similar procedures will be performed with variables describing the use of evidence-based practices. Networking creates additional possibilities for global information management and interaction between different research groups. Lessons can be learned and shared, generating scientific knowledge to address relevant health problems throughout the region with provision of efficient data management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J. Serruya
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bremen de Mucio
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Sosa
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Colomar
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Duran
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo Gomez Ponce de Leon
- CLAP/WR - Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women’s and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alicia Aleman
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adriana G. Luz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Renato T. Souza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria L. Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José G. Cecatti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas Medical School, Campinas, Brazil
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Serruya S, Costa ML, De Mucio B, Duran P, Sosa C, Colomar M, Leon RGPD, Souza RT, Luz AG, Cecatti JG. Bridging the Gap between Surveillance and Interventions in Latin America Addressing Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2023; 45:e555-e556. [PMID: 37944920 PMCID: PMC10635784 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Serruya
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Maria Laura Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bremen De Mucio
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Duran
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Sosa
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Colomar
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo Gomez Ponce de Leon
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women's and Reproductive Health of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Renato Teixeira Souza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gomes Luz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Guilherme Cecatti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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5
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Guerrero-Wyss M, Yans C, Boscán-González A, Duran P, Parra-Soto S, Angarita L. Durvillaea antarctica: A Seaweed for Enhancing Immune and Cardiometabolic Health and Gut Microbiota Composition Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10779. [PMID: 37445955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Durvillaea antarctica is the seaweed that is the most consumed by the Chilean population. It is recognized worldwide for its high nutritional value in protein, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. This is a narrative review in which an extensive search of the literature was performed to establish the immunomodulator, cardiometabolic, and gut microbiota composition modulation effect of Durvillaea antarctica. Several studies have shown the potential of Durvillaea antarctica to function as prebiotics and to positively modulate the gut microbiota, which is related to anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic effects. The quantity of Bacteroides was negatively correlated with that of inflammatory monocytes and positively correlated with the levels of several gut metabolites. Seaweed-derived polysaccharides modulate the quantity and diversity of beneficial intestinal microbiota, decreasing phenol and p-cresol, which are related to intestinal diseases and the loss of intestinal function. Additionally, a beneficial metabolic effect related to this seaweed was observed, mainly promoting the decrease in the glycemic levels, lower cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk. Consuming Durvillaea antarctica has a positive impact on the immune system, and its bioactive compounds provide beneficial effects on glycemic control and other metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Guerrero-Wyss
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Caroline Yans
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Arturo Boscán-González
- Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Pablo Duran
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Lissé Angarita
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
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6
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Butrón Riveros B, Rice M, Toscano C, Campos Esteban MP, Duran P, Eijkemans G, Serruya S, Vega E, Velandia-González M, de Francisco LA. Equity throughout the life course and the evolving role of the Pan American Health Organization. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2023; 47:e12. [PMID: 37114165 PMCID: PMC10128883 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2023.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article is to summarize the evolution of the regional commitments of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) on health promotion and strategies to improve the health and well-being of women, children, adolescents, and older persons. PAHO regional strategies approved by Member States in the last 20 years are used as the main source of information. The article presents the challenges of making health promotion a public health strategy widely applied in the Region of the Americas and the efforts to renew Member States' collective actions. The article also describes current PAHO efforts to include the positive aspects of health (i.e., well-being, optimal development, and functional ability) and the life course approach as opportunities to advance equity. The article reflects on immunization as a public good and the urgency to address the current challenges as a core element of the regional efforts to transform health systems after more than two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betzabé Butrón Riveros
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Betzabé Butrón Riveros,
| | - Marilyn Rice
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Cristiana Toscano
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Maria Pilar Campos Esteban
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Pablo Duran
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Gerry Eijkemans
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Suzanne Serruya
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Enrique Vega
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Martha Velandia-González
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Luis Andres de Francisco
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashington, D.C.United States of AmericaPan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
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7
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Barros G, Duran P, Vera I, Bermúdez V. Exploring the Links between Obesity and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147499. [PMID: 35886846 PMCID: PMC9321445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide since it is associated with the development of chronic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, atherosclerosis, some cancer forms and skin diseases, including psoriasis. Scientific evidence has indicated that the possible link between obesity and psoriasis may be multifactorial, highlighting dietary habits, lifestyle, certain genetic factors and the microbiome as leading factors in the progress of both pathologies because they are associated with a chronic pro-inflammatory state. Thus, inflammation management in obesity is a plausible target for psoriasis, not only because of the sick adipose tissue secretome profile but also due to the relationship of obesity with the rest of the immune derangements associated with psoriasis initiation and maintenance. Hence, this review will provide a general and molecular overview of the relationship between both pathologies and present recent therapeutic advances in treating this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Barros
- Departamento de Post-Grado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ciudad Cuenca 010109, Ecuador;
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, The University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (P.D.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivana Vera
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, The University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (P.D.); (I.V.)
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Departamento de Post-Grado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ciudad Cuenca 010109, Ecuador;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Correspondence:
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8
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Chávez-Castillo M, Duran P, Garrido B, Díaz A, Escalona D, Cano C. Obesity as a neurobiologic disorder: a heavyweight contender. CPRR 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2666082218666220527120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic condition characterized by an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue, capable of decreasing life expectancy. Chronically, the exacerbated inflammatory response interferes with the proper functioning of organs and tissues external to adipose tissue, becoming the cornerstone of various major metabolic imbalances in places such as the central nervous system. In this matter, obesity’s meta-inflammation indirectly affects brain regions related to psychiatric illnesses and cognitive function. Also, it has been established that several neurobiological mechanisms related to appetite regulation and impulse control disorders could explain the onset of obesity. Thus, because of the high prevalence of mental illnesses linked to obese patients and the fact that a bidirectional relation between these two entities has been observed, many efforts have been made to establish an effective and secure pharmacological approach for obesity. In this context, several psychotropics and appetite-suppressant drugs, along with lifestyle changes, have been highlighted as promising therapeutic tools against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo. Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Pablo Duran
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo. Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Andrea Díaz
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo. Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Clímaco Cano
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo. Maracaibo, Venezuela
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Rojas M, Chávez-Castillo M, Duran P, Ortega Á, Bautista-Sandoval MJ, Salazar J, Riaño-Garzón M, Chacín M, Medina-Ortiz O, Palmar J, Cudris-Torres L, Bermúdez V. Psychosis in Parkinson’s Disease: Looking Beyond Dopaminergic Treatments. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:2725-2741. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220428102802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. The symptoms of PD are characterized not only by motor alterations but also by a spectrum of nonmotor symptoms. Some of these are psychiatric manifestations such as sleep disorders; depression; cognitive difficulties that can evolve into dementia; and symptoms of psychosis, which include hallucinations, illusions, and delusions. Parkinson’s disease psychosis (PDP) occurs in 18%–50% of patients with PD. Treating PDP is challenging because antipsychotic drugs tend to be inefficient or may even worsen the motor symptoms of the disease.
Methods:
This is a narrative review in which an extensive literature search was performed on the Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, from inception to August 2021. The terms “Parkinson’s disease psychosis,” “Parkinson psychosis,” “neurodegenerative psychosis,” and “dopamine psychosis” were among the keywords used in the search.
Objective:
current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in PDP, as well as recent innovative alternatives for its treatment.
Results:
Recently, views on the etiology of hallucinations and illusions have evolved remarkably. PDP has been cemented as a multifactorial entity that is dependent not only on extrinsic mechanisms but also novel intrinsic mechanisms including genetic factors, neurostructural alterations, functional disruptions, visual processing disturbances, and sleep disorders. Consequently, innovative pharmacological and biological treatments have been proposed. Pimavanserin, a selective 5-HT2A inverse agonist, stands out after its approval for the treatment of PDP-associated hallucinations and illusions.
Conclusion:
Future results from upcoming clinical trials should further characterize the role of this drug in the management of PDP as well as other treatment options with novel mechanisms of action, such as saracatinib, SEP-363856, cannabidiol, electroconvulsive therapy, and transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo, Maracaibo
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Juan Salazar
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Manuel Riaño-Garzón
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Oscar Medina-Ortiz
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia;
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Jim Palmar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia, 4004 Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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Chávez-Castillo M, Ortega Á, Cudris-Torres L, Duran P, Rojas M, Manzano A, Garrido B, Salazar J, Silva A, Rojas-Gomez DM, De Sanctis JB, Bermúdez V. Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: The Future of Chronic Pain Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910370. [PMID: 34638711 PMCID: PMC8509014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain (CP) is a severe clinical entity with devastating physical and emotional consequences for patients, which can occur in a myriad of diseases. Often, conventional treatment approaches appear to be insufficient for its management. Moreover, considering the adverse effects of traditional analgesic treatments, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for CP. These include various bioactive molecules such as resolvins, maresins, and protectins, derived from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); and lipoxins, produced from ω-6 PUFAs. Indeed, SPMs have been demonstrated to play a central role in the regulation and resolution of the inflammation associated with CP. Furthermore, these molecules can modulate neuroinflammation and thus inhibit central and peripheral sensitizations, as well as long-term potentiation, via immunomodulation and regulation of nociceptor activity and neuronal pathways. In this context, preclinical and clinical studies have evidenced that the use of SPMs is beneficial in CP-related disorders, including rheumatic diseases, migraine, neuropathies, and others. This review integrates current preclinical and clinical knowledge on the role of SPMs as a potential therapeutic tool for the management of patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Lorena Cudris-Torres
- Programa de Psicología, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina sede Valledupar, Valledupar 200001, Colombia;
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexander Manzano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Aljadis Silva
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (M.C.-C.); (Á.O.); (P.D.); (M.R.); (A.M.); (B.G.); (J.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Diana Marcela Rojas-Gomez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile;
| | - Juan B. De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Correspondence:
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11
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Suárez-Ayala DV, Forero-Ronderos C, Coll M, Duran P, Cespedes C. [Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Which is the evidence in Children?]. Andes Pediatr 2021; 92:617-625. [PMID: 34652382 DOI: 10.32641/andespediatr.v92i4.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Technology refers to the software or hardware that is designed to facilitate and improve the quality of life of the patient with diabetes Mellitus. A non-systematic literature search was carried out which included articles in English and Spanish about the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in pediatric patients with Type 1 diabetes Mellitus. This review summarizes the performance of the CGM, its accuracy, and classification. A chronological synthesis of the general evidence up to June 2020 was done including both adult and pediatric studies. Aspects of metabolic control were specified on the use of real-time and intermittent / flash CGM, such as reduction of HbA1c levels, reduction in frequency and severity of hypoglycemia, decrease in episodes of ketoacidosis and well being, and variables such as the Frequency of CGM use, which have been related to the improvement of the objectives of diabetes control. This review presents a chronological summary of the evidence for flash glucose monitoring in studies where only pediatric population is included and provides an account of diabetes technology recommendations that apply to pediatric population from the Ame rican Diabetes Association 2020 guideline, the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes 2018 recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Coll
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia
| | - P Duran
- Universidad del Rosario, Colombia
| | - C Cespedes
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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12
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Bermúdez V, Salazar J, Fuenmayor J, Nava M, Ortega Á, Duran P, Rojas M, Añez R, Rivas-Montenegro A, Angarita L, Chacín M, Cano C, Velasco M, Rojas J. Lipid Accumulation Product Is More Related to Insulin Resistance than the Visceral Adiposity Index in the Maracaibo City Population, Venezuela. J Obes 2021; 2021:5514901. [PMID: 34194826 PMCID: PMC8203405 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5514901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adiposity is related to insulin resistance (IR), a metabolic state considered as a risk factor for other cardiometabolic diseases. In that matter, mathematical indexes such as the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the lipid accumulation product (LAP) could indirectly assess IR based on visceral adiposity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association and diagnostic accuracy of VAI and LAP to diagnose IR in the adult population of Maracaibo city. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study with multistage sampling. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were built to determine VAI and LAP cutoff points to predict IR. A set of logistic regression models was constructed according to sociodemographic, psychobiologic, and metabolic variables. RESULTS 1818 subjects were evaluated (51.4% women). The area under the curve (AUC) values for LAP and VAI were 0.689 (0.665-0.714) and 0.645 (0.619-0.670), respectively. Both indexes showed a higher IR risk in the upper tertile in bivariate analysis. However, in the logistic regression analysis for the IR risk, only the 2nd (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.37-2.65; p < 0.01) and 3rd (OR: 5.40; 95% CI: 3.48-8.39; p < 0.01) LAP tertiles showed a significant increase. This behaviour was also observed after adjusting for hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CPR). CONCLUSION Although both indexes show a low predictive capacity in individuals with IR in the Maracaibo city population, the LAP index was more strongly associated with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Jorge Fuenmayor
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Roberto Añez
- Department of Endocrine and Nutrition, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lissé Angarita
- Universidad Andres Bello, Carrera de Nutrición, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Joselyn Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Chávez-Castillo M, Ortega Á, Duran P, Pirela D, Marquina M, Cano C, Salazar J, Gonzalez MC, Bermúdez V, Rojas-Quintero J, Velasco M. Phytotherapy for Cardiovascular Disease: A Bench-to-Bedside Approach. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:4410-4429. [PMID: 32310044 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200420160422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At present, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and global trends suggest that this panorama will persist or worsen in the near future. Thus, optimization of treatment strategies and the introduction of novel therapeutic alternatives for CVD represent key objectives in contemporary biomedical research. In recent years, phytotherapy-defined as the therapeutic use of whole or minimally modified plant components-has ignited large scientific interest, with a resurgence of abundant investigation on a wide array of medicinal herbs (MH) for CVD and other conditions. Numerous MH have been observed to intervene in the pathophysiology of CVD via a myriad of molecular mechanisms, including antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, and other beneficial properties, which translate into the amelioration of three essential aspects of the pathogenesis of CVD: Dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Although the preclinical data in this scenario is very rich, the true clinical impact of MH and their purported mechanisms of action is less clear, as large-scale robust research in this regard is in relatively early stages and faces important methodological challenges. This review offers a comprehensive look at the most prominent preclinical and clinical evidence currently available concerning the use of MH in the treatment of CVD from a bench-to-bedside approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Psychiatric Hospital of Maracaibo, Maracaibo, Venezuela,Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ángel Ortega
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Daniela Pirela
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - María Marquina
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Climaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine José María Vargas, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas,
Venezuela
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Duran P, Sommer JA, Otero P, Daus M, Benitez S, Serruya S, De Francisco LA. Information and communication technologies in neonatal health. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2020; 44:e123. [PMID: 33196698 PMCID: PMC7655061 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2020.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. To identify scientific evidence on the use and results of information and communication technologies for the improvement of neonatal health in general or specific health problems or interventions, and to describe the type of intervention and its results.
Methods. A systematic review of the available evidence was performed. The search was carried out in peerreviewed journals between January 1, 2008 and April 30, 2018, in English and Spanish. The searched key terms were (health informatics OR telemedicine OR mHealth) AND (newborn OR newborn care OR neonatal care).
Results. From a total of 305 articles initially identified, 10 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The main domains of eHealth identified as applied to neonatal health were telemedicine (3 studies), eLearning (1 study) and mHealth (7 studies). Target population were health care providers or parents. The studies aimed at diagnosis, provision of health care and training, promoting adherence to interventions in parents or improving quality of care.
Conclusions. The use of eHealth in general and specifically focused on neonatal health shows important possibilities for development and expansion, given the advances and present needs, and should be considered a key tool for the reduction of inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duran
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Paula Otero
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Daus
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia Benitez
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Suzanne Serruya
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luis Andres De Francisco
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington DC, United States of America
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15
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Duran P, Berman S, Niermeyer S, Jaenisch T, Forster T, Gomez Ponce de Leon R, De Mucio B, Serruya S. COVID-19 and newborn health: systematic review. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2020; 44:e54. [PMID: 32454807 PMCID: PMC7241573 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2020.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe perinatal and neonatal outcomes in newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed Central, LILACS, and Google Scholar using the keywords 'covid ' AND 'newborn' OR 'child' OR 'infant,' on 18 March 2020, and again on 17 April 2020. One researcher conducted the search and extracted data on demographics, maternal outcomes, diagnostic tests, imaging, and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Of 256 publications identified, 20 met inclusion criteria and comprised neonatal outcome data for 222 newborns whose mothers were suspected or confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 positive perinatally (17 studies) or of newborns referred to hospital with infection/pneumonia (3 studies). Most (12 studies) were case-series reports; all were from China, except three (Australia, Iran, and Spain). Of the 222 newborns, 13 were reported as positive for SARS-CoV-2; most of the studies reported no or mild symptoms and no adverse perinatal outcomes. Two papers among those from newborns who tested positive reported moderate or severe clinical characteristics. Five studies using data on umbilical cord blood, placenta, and/or amniotic fluid reported no positive results. Nine studies reported radiographic imaging, including 5 with images of pneumonia, increased lung marking, thickened texture, or high-density nodular shadow. Minor, non-specific changes in biochemical variables were reported. Studies that tested breast milk reported negative SARS-CoV-2 results. CONCLUSIONS Given the paucity of studies at this time, vertical transmission cannot be confirmed or denied. Current literature does not support abstaining from breastfeeding nor separating mothers and newborns. Further evidence and data collection networks, particularly in the Americas, are needed for establishing definitive guidelines and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duran
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationMontevideoUruguayPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Stephen Berman
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global HealthUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global HealthAuroraUnited States of AmericaUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global Health, Aurora, United States of America
| | - Susan Niermeyer
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public HealthUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public HealthAuroraUnited States of AmericaUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Aurora, United States of America
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- University of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global HealthUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global HealthAuroraUnited States of AmericaUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine and School of Public Health-Center for Global Health, Aurora, United States of America
| | - Thais Forster
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationMontevideoUruguayPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo Gomez Ponce de Leon
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationMontevideoUruguayPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bremen De Mucio
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationMontevideoUruguayPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Suzanne Serruya
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization/World Health OrganizationMontevideoUruguayPan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
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16
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Costello A, Dua T, Duran P, Gülmezoglu M, Oladapo OT, Perea W, Pires J, Ramon-Pardo P, Rollins N, Saxena S. Defining the syndrome associated with congenital Zika virus infection. Bull World Health Organ 2018; 94:406-406A. [PMID: 27274588 PMCID: PMC4890216 DOI: 10.2471/blt.16.176990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Costello
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tarun Dua
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Duran
- Center For Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Metin Gülmezoglu
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olufemi T Oladapo
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - William Perea
- Department of Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - João Pires
- Division of Communicable Diseases and Health Security, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pilar Ramon-Pardo
- Department of Communicable Diseases and Health Analysis, Pan American Health Organization/ World Health Organization, Washington, USA
| | - Nigel Rollins
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shekhar Saxena
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
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17
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Santos JP, Cecatti JG, Serruya SJ, Almeida PV, Duran P, de Mucio B, Pileggi-Castro, C. Neonatal Near Miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2015; 70:820-6. [PMID: 26735223 PMCID: PMC4676313 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2015(12)10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In Latin American, there is currently a regional action with the main purposes of putting the concept of severe neonatal morbidity in practice and formulating proposals for interventions. A general overview of neonatal health conditions, including morbidity and mortality, is provided to update regional knowledge on the topic. An example of the development and implementation of the concept of maternal near miss is also provided, followed by results from a systematic review covering all previously published studies on Neonatal Near Miss. Finally, some proposals for building a common concept on the topic and for launching a prospective surveillance study are presented. A Neonatal Near Miss is a neonate who had a severe morbidity (organ dysfunction or failure) but who survived this condition within the first 27 days of life. The pragmatic criteria recommended to be used are as follows: birth weight below 1700 g, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes of life and gestational age below 33 weeks. As a proxy for organ dysfunction, the following management criteria are also confirmed: parenteral therapeutic antibiotics; nasal continuous positive airway pressure; any intubation during the first 27 days of life; phototherapy within the first 24 h of life; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the use of vasoactive drugs, anticonvulsants, surfactants, blood products and steroids for refractory hypoglycemia and any surgical procedure. Although this study starts from a regional perspective, this topic is clearly globally relevant. All nations, especially low and middle-income countries, could benefit from the proposed standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P Santos
- Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - José G Cecatti
- Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Campinas/SP, Brazil
- Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Suzanne J Serruya
- Latin American Center of Perinatology (CLAP), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Pablo Duran
- Latin American Center of Perinatology (CLAP), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bremen de Mucio
- Latin American Center of Perinatology (CLAP), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cynthia Pileggi-Castro,
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Pediatria, Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil
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18
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Santos JP, Pileggi-Castro C, Camelo JS, Silva AA, Duran P, Serruya SJ, Cecatti JG. Neonatal near miss: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15:320. [PMID: 26625905 PMCID: PMC4667407 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-015-0758-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of neonatal near miss has been proposed as a tool for assessment of quality of care in neonates who suffered any life-threatening condition. However, there are no internationally agreed concepts or criteria for defining or identifying neonatal near miss. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of studies and markers that are able to identify neonatal near miss cases and predict neonatal mortality. METHODS Electronic searches were performed in the Medline, Embase and Scielo databases, with no time or language restriction, until December 2014. The term "neonatal near miss" was used alone or in combination with terms related to neonatal morbidity/mortality and neonatal severity scores. Study selection criteria involved three steps: title, abstract and full text of the articles. Two researchers performed study selection and data extraction independently. Heterogeneity of study results did not permit the performance of meta-analysis. RESULTS Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted, only four articles were selected. Preterm and perinatal asphyxia were used as near miss markers in all studies. Health indicators on neonatal morbidity and mortality were extracted or estimated. The neonatal near miss rate was 2.6 to 8 times higher than the neonatal mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS Pragmatic and management criteria are used to help develop the neonatal near miss concept. The most severe cases are identified and mortality is predicted with these criteria. Furthermore, the near miss concept can be used as a tool for evaluating neonatal care. It is the first step in building management strategies to reduce mortality and long-term sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P Santos
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Cynthia Pileggi-Castro
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Jose S Camelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Antonio A Silva
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, Sao Luis, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Duran
- Latin American Center of Perinatology (CLAP), Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Suzanne J Serruya
- Latin American Center of Perinatology (CLAP), Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Jose G Cecatti
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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19
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Arnesen LM, Martinez G, Mainero L, Serruya S, Duran P. Gestational Syphilis and Stillbirth in Latin America and the Caribbean. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Arnesen L, Serruya S, Duran P. Gestational syphilis and stillbirth in the Americas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2015; 37:422-429. [PMID: 26245178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported estimates of the association between gestational syphilis (GS) and stillbirth in the Americas region. METHODS Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, PLOS, and ScienceDirect were searched for original research studies quantifying the relationship between GS and stillbirth in the region. A final sample of eight studies was selected. A cumulative meta-analysis plus four subgroup meta-analyses of study data on the association between maternal syphilis during pregnancy and stillbirth were conducted. The four meta-analyses were based on 1) definition of cases and the control; 2) syphilis treatment (presence or absence, effective or ineffective); 3) definition of stillbirth as "showing no signs of life at birth"; and 4) definition of stillbirth based on low birth weight and gestational age. Random-effects metaanalyses were used to calculate pooled estimates of stillbirth with exposure to GS, and each subgroup analysis was tested for heterogeneity. RESULTS Women with GS had increased odds of stillbirth (pooled odds ratio (OR): 6.87; 95% confidence interval: 2.93, 16.08). There was considerable heterogeneity across the eight studies (percentage of variance (I²) = 95). The funnel plot was not statistically significant, pointing to a lack of publication bias. Increased odds of stillbirth among pregnant women with syphilis were also seen in all four subgroup meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS GS is a major contributing factor for stillbirths in the Americas. Interventions targeting GS are highly cost-effective and, along with high-quality point-of-care testing, should be implemented across the region to help reach the goal of eliminating congenital syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Duran
- Pan American Health Organization, Montevideo, Uruguay,
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Serruya SJ, Duran P, Martinez G, Romero M, Caffe S, Alonso M, Silveira MF. Maternal and congenital syphilis in selected Latin America and Caribbean countries: a multi-country analysis using data from the Perinatal Information System. Sex Health 2015; 12:164-9. [DOI: 10.1071/sh14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background
Maternal syphilis has an important impact on reproductive health. In 2010, World Health Organization (WHO)/Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) member countries approved the Strategy and Plan of Action for Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Congenital Syphilis in the Americas by 2015. This paper aims to describe epidemiological and programmatic characteristics related to maternal and congenital syphilis in selected countries of Latin America and Caribbean for the period 2010–12. Methods: The report is based on a multi-country, quantitative and qualitative analysis from data collected from several sources, representing a compilation of country reports from nine countries as part of the 2012 mid-term evaluation of the Strategy. Data was collected based on standardised procedures at country level. Results: Results are variable among countries. All countries have a strategic national plan to eliminate congenital syphilis, with some distinct characteristics for each country. Protocols and guidelines for the management and treatment of maternal and congenital syphilis in all countries were updated between 2011 and 2013. A high rate of missing information for all countries for some indicators was noticed. Conclusions: The main limitation of the analyses is the huge amount of missing data. Countries must continue to be supported to build capacity for collecting high-quality data on intervention coverage and inequities, and to use it as a basis for decisions about how best to reach women and children with interventions. A high level political commitment is necessary to put into practice the Regional Initiative to Eliminate Congenital Syphilis, with the support of Health Ministries.
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Tonkiss J, Shultz PL, Bonnie KE, Hudson JL, Duran P, Galler JR. Spatial Learning Deficits Induced by Muscimol and CL218,872: Lack of Effect of Prenatal Malnutrition. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 6:379-87. [PMID: 14744042 DOI: 10.1080/10284150310001624200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of prenatal protein malnourished rats to the amnestic properties of the direct GABAA receptor agonist muscimol and the selective benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor agonist, CL218,872, was studied in the male offspring of rats provided with a protein deficient diet (6% casein) for 5 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy. At postnatal day 90, rats were tested during acquisition of the submerged platform version of the Morris water maze task using four systemic doses of muscimol (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 and 1.8 mg/kg i.p.) or three systemic doses of CL218,872 (1.0, 3.2, and 5.6 mg/kg i.p.). In a dose dependent manner both drugs impaired acquisition of the task and impaired accuracy of the search pattern on the probe trial (platform removed). However, neither drug dissociated the performance of the two nutritional groups. These data are important in light of previous findings of differential behavioral effects of the non-specific BZ agonist, chlordiazepoxide (CDP), on spatial learning and on drug discrimination in prenatally malnourished rats and in the context of previous findings of reduced sensitivity to the anxiolytic effects of non-specific BZ receptor agonists across a wide variety of models of malnutrition. The present findings also support the concept that prenatal malnutrition does not affect the global functioning of the GABAA receptor, but fundamentally alters the way in which a subset of GABAA receptors (i.e. those containing the alpha2, alpha3 and/or the alpha5 but not the alpha1 subunit) is modulated by BZs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tonkiss
- Center for Behavioral Development and Mental Retardation, M923, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Duran P, Font R, Kalynych C, Kumar V, Landmann R. 71 Integration of Asynchronous Ultrasonographic Education Into a 4-Week Medical Student Emergency Medicine Clerkship: A Pilot Program. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Guardiola M, Alvaro A, Vallvé JC, Rosales R, Solà R, Girona J, Serra N, Duran P, Esteve E, Masana L, Ribalta J. APOA5 gene expression in the human intestinal tissue and its response to in vitro exposure to fatty acid and fibrate. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 22:756-762. [PMID: 21489765 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS APOA5, a key gene regulating triglyceride (TG) levels, is reported to be expressed exclusively in the liver where it may regulate TG-rich particle synthesis and secretion. Since the same lipoprotein processing occurs in the intestine, we have postulated that this organ would also express APOA5. METHODS AND RESULTS We have detected the APOA5 gene expression in C57BL/6J mouse and in human small intestine samples. In humans, it is expressed mainly in the duodenum and colon, with messenger RNA (mRNA) levels four orders of magnitude lower than in the liver, and the protein product being one-sixth of the liver equivalent. Subsequently, we carried out in vitro experiments in TC-7/CaCo(2) human intestinal cells to analyse the expression of APOA5, APOC3, APOB and MTP genes after the incubation with long- and short-chain fatty acids, and a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist (Wy 14643, a fibrate therapeutic agent). In the TC-7 cell line, APOA5 expression was significantly upregulated by saturated fatty acids. The short-chain fatty acid butyrate increased APOA5 expression almost fourfold while APOB was downregulated by increasing butyrate concentrations. When TC-7 cells were incubated with PPARα agonist, the APOA5 expression was increased by 60%, while the expression of APOB, MTP and APOC3 was decreased by 50%, 30% and 45%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that APOA5 is expressed in the intestine, albeit at a much lower concentration than in the liver. While it remains to be determined whether intestinal apo A-V is functional, our in vitro experiments show that its expression is modifiable by dietary and pharmacological stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guardiola
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Institut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere, Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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Davidson MB, Tareen N, Duran P, Aguilar V, Lee ML. Aggressive versus Low Dose Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System for the Treatment of Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Study. ISRN Endocrinol 2012; 2011:696124. [PMID: 22363885 PMCID: PMC3262631 DOI: 10.5402/2011/696124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study compares low dose versus aggressive inhibition of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) to treat microalbuminuria (MA). Methods. Patients with MA after a run-in period to control BP to <130/80 mm Hg with 10 mg benazepril plus other drugs and HbA1c levels to <8.0% were randomized to either continue 10 mg benazepril (N = 12) or to take maximal doses of benazepril plus losartan in monthly stepwise increases to achieve normoalbuminuria (N = 11). Because MA is associated with CVD and inflammation, carotid intima medial thickness (CIMT) and endothelial function by peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) as surrogate indices of atherosclerosis and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to assess inflammation were measured every six months. Results. BP, HbA1c levels, albumin : creatinine ratios, CIMT, PAT, and hs-CRP did not differ over a mean of 12 months between the two groups. Conclusions. Aggressive inhibition of the RAS is unnecessary to treat MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Davidson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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Duran P. Índice de masa corporal y tensión arterial al año de edad según peso al nacer, ganancia de peso y patrones de alimentación temprana. ARCH ARGENT PEDIATR 2011; 109:392-7. [DOI: 10.5546/aap.2011.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some segments of the population continue to suffer from undernutrition, other groups exhibit excess weight gain, resulting in the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity and leading to a dual nutritional burden. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between stunting and overweight in preschool children from Latin American and Caribbean countries. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from children 0 to 5 years of age from 79 nationally representative surveys, compiled by the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. This database defines stunting as low height-for-age and overweight as high weight-for-height. These variables were explored with the use of simple and multiple regression models. RESULTS There were significant differences between subregions in the prevalence of stunting: the prevalence was 7.4% in the Caribbean, 11.3% in South America, and 20.4% in Central America (p < .001). In contrast, the estimated prevalence of overweight was similar between subregions. The overall prevalence rates of stunting and overweight in Latin America and the Caribbean in the year 2000 were 13.7% and 4.3%, respectively. We found an inverse relationship (r = -0.3) between the prevalence rates of overweight and stunting, overall and within subregions. South America exhibited the highest slope and intercept on the regression of overweight on stunting. CONCLUSIONS Different subregions of Latin America and the Caribbean have different prevalence rates of childhood stunting but similar prevalence rates of overweight. There is an inverse relationship between stunting and overweight. The South American subregion had the highest increase and prevalence of overweight of the Latin American region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duran
- Nutrition and Diabetes Unit, P de Elizalde Children's Hospital, School of Public Health, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Moreno L, Krishnan JA, Duran P, Ferrero F. Development and validation of a clinical prediction rule to distinguish bacterial from viral pneumonia in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2006; 41:331-7. [PMID: 16493666 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.20364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing bacterial from viral pneumonia on admission to the hospital could guide the decision of whether or not to use antibiotics. We developed and validated a clinical prediction rule to distinguish bacterial from viral pneumonia in hospitalized children. METHODS We enrolled consecutive children, aged 1 month to 5 years, admitted to two tertiary children's hospitals in whom a bacterial or viral etiology for pneumonia was identified. Data from 175 children at one hospital were used to develop a clinical prediction rule or Bacterial Pneumonia Score (BPS). Data from 136 children at the second hospital were used to validate it. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and multivariable logistic regression, significant clinical and laboratory predictors, along with the radiographic score for each participant, were included as factors in the BPS. The main outcome measure was the sensitivity and specificity of the BPS for bacterial pneumonia. RESULTS The BPS (possible range: -3 to 15; auROCc = 0.996, 95%CI: 0.99-1.0) was developed by attributing 3 points for axillary temperature > or = 39.0 degrees C, 2 points for age > or equal to 9 months, 2 points for absolute neutrophil count > or = [corrected] 8,000 cells/mm3, 1 point for bands > or = 5%, and -3 to 7 points for the chest X-ray findings. A BPS > or = 4 predicted bacterial pneumonia with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 93.8%, positive predictive value of 75.8%, and negative predictive value of 100%. CONCLUSIONS The BPS accurately identifies hospitalized children's risk of bacterial pneumonia, helping clinicians determine those not likely to benefit from antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moreno
- Division of Pulmonology, Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Gómez-Hoz T, Reinoso-Barbero F, de Vicente JC, Duran P, Campo G, Castro LE. [Intrathecal baclofen for children with chronic pain related to severe spasticity: advantages of tunneling the catheter in the testing phase]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2005; 52:395-400. [PMID: 16200919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document the effectiveness and safety of intrathecal baclofen administered through a tunneled catheter during a diagnostic procedure, prior to implantation of a subcutaneous pump, in children with chronic pain due to severe spasticity. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 6 children with intense chronic pain due to spasticity caused by cerebral palsy or genetic dystonia. Increasing doses of intrathecal baclofen in continuous perfusion through a tunneled catheter were tested. RESULTS Lumbar intrathecal catheters were tunneled for 48 to 80 hours in 5 males and 1 female aged 8 to 18 years old. Intrathecal baclofen was administered in continuous perfusion up to maximum rates that ranged between 105 and 570 microg/day. For 5 patients the score on the visual analog pain scale (0-10) changed from over 7 to 0 by the end of the test. In 2 patients, side effects of analgesia were noted, specifically sedation, bradycardia, and bradypnea. No serious complications, such as meningitis, spinal abscess, or hematoma, were reported. The families of 4 patients chose to accept implantation of a subcutaneous pump. Pump therapy remained effective and free of complications when checked 23 or 55 months after placement. CONCLUSIONS Performing a trial of increasing doses of intrathecal baclofen therapy in continuous perfusion through a tunneled catheter facilitated selection of patients for whom chronic administration of intrathecal baclofen is effective and free of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gómez-Hoz
- Servicio de Anestesia-Reanimación y Unidad de Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario "La Paz", Madrid
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Pérez-Lopez C, Duran P, Isla- Guerrero A, Alvarez F. [Cerebrospinal fluid shunting and pregnancy]. Rev Neurol 2003; 36:872-6. [PMID: 12717676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to survey the literature and update the steps to be taken in managing a pregnant patient in whom cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting has been performed. DEVELOPMENT The risk of valve malfunction (VMF) during pregnancy is approximately 27.5% and is mainly produced by a functional obstruction due to an increase in intra abdominal pressure during gestation. The risk of VMF and complications rises until 6 months after childbirth. The study of the functioning of the shunt and genetic counselling prior to conception are of vital importance. We discuss the steps to be taken during pregnancy, and during and after childbirth, as well as the implications of CSF shunting in a pregnant patient from a neurological, neurosurgical, obstetric and anaesthetic point of view. Although maternal progress is excellent (100% were asymptomatic 6 months after childbirth), there is also a very high percentage of miscarriages (24%) of unknown causation. CONCLUSIONS Prospective studies are needed to explain different conflicting points in the series currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pérez-Lopez
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
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Abstract
The task was an analysis and description of the use of the haptic sense as it bears on the blind child's measurement of length. Congenitally blind were chosen as Ss in order to avoid the influence of previous visual experience. The procedures and techniques used for measuring length were delineated. The accuracy of the measurements was studied by using the method of constant stimuli, and Weber's law was shown to hold. Five distinct classes of methods for measuring length were discerned: spontaneous methods, body part as a measuring instrument, kinesthesis, time duration, and physical principles. Except for spontaneous methods, the basis for a method is a monotonic function of the physical length of the rod being estimated.
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