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Pierre A, Racine C, Rey RA, Fanchin R, Taieb J, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Carmillo P, Pepinsky RB, Cate RL, di Clemente N. Most Cleaved Anti-Müllerian Hormone Binds Its Receptor in Human Follicular Fluid but Little Is Competent in Serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4618-4627. [PMID: 27623067 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is an important clinical marker for diagnosing and assessing the reproductive status and/or disorders in men and women. Most studies have not distinguished between levels of inactive AMH precursor and the cleaved noncovalent complex that binds the AMH type II receptor (AMHRII) and initiates signaling. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to measure the levels of AMH cleavage and bioactivity in human body fluids. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS AMH cleavage levels and bioactivity were measured in the serum of six boys and in the follicular fluid and serum of nine control women and 13 women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AMH cleavage levels were measured by capturing AMH with an anti-AMH antibody, followed by Western blotting. The bioactivity of cleaved AMH was assessed with an ELISA that measures the levels of AMH capable of binding AMHRII. RESULTS PCOS women have an elevated level of AMH cleavage in their follicular fluid (24% vs 8% in control women), and most of the cleaved AMH can bind AMHRII. Higher levels of cleavage are observed in female (60%) and male (79%) serum, but very little of the cleaved AMH can bind AMHRII. CONCLUSIONS These results support an autocrine role for AMH in the pathophysiology of PCOS in the follicle. In addition, they indicate that AMH undergoes interactions or structural changes after cleavage that prevent receptor binding, meaning, unexpectedly, that the level of cleaved AMH in biological fluids does not always reflect the level of bioactive AMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pierre
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Chrystèle Racine
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Rodolfo A Rey
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Renato Fanchin
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Joëlle Taieb
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Joëlle Cohen-Tannoudji
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Paul Carmillo
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - R Blake Pepinsky
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Richard L Cate
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Nathalie di Clemente
- Université Paris Diderot (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1133 (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Physiologie de l'Axe Gonadotrope, F-75013 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (A.P., C.R., R.F., J.T., J.C.-T., R.L.C., N.d.C.), Unité Mixte de Recherche 8251, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (R.R.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas-FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Biogen (P.C., R.B.P.), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and Department of Chemistry (R.L.C.), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
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Wharton KA, Quigley C, Themeles M, Dunstan RW, Doyle K, Cahir-McFarland E, Wei J, Buko A, Reid CE, Sun C, Carmillo P, Sur G, Carulli JP, Mansfield KG, Westmoreland SV, Staugaitis SM, Fox RJ, Meier W, Goelz SE. JC Polyomavirus Abundance and Distribution in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Brain Tissue Implicates Myelin Sheath in Intracerebral Dissemination of Infection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155897. [PMID: 27191595 PMCID: PMC4871437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over half of adults are seropositive for JC polyomavirus (JCV), but rare individuals develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating JCV infection of the central nervous system. Previously, PML was primarily seen in immunosuppressed patients with AIDS or certain cancers, but it has recently emerged as a drug safety issue through its association with diverse immunomodulatory therapies. To better understand the relationship between the JCV life cycle and PML pathology, we studied autopsy brain tissue from a 70-year-old psoriasis patient on the integrin alpha-L inhibitor efalizumab following a ~2 month clinical course of PML. Sequence analysis of lesional brain tissue identified PML-associated viral mutations in regulatory (non-coding control region) DNA, capsid protein VP1, and the regulatory agnoprotein, as well as 9 novel mutations in capsid protein VP2, indicating rampant viral evolution. Nine samples, including three gross PML lesions and normal-appearing adjacent tissues, were characterized by histopathology and subject to quantitative genomic, proteomic, and molecular localization analyses. We observed a striking correlation between the spatial extent of demyelination, axonal destruction, and dispersion of JCV along white matter myelin sheath. Our observations in this case, as well as in a case of PML-like disease in an immunocompromised rhesus macaque, suggest that long-range spread of polyomavirus and axonal destruction in PML might involve extracellular association between virus and the white matter myelin sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A. Wharton
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Catherine Quigley
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Marian Themeles
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Dunstan
- Translational Pathology Laboratory, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Doyle
- Immunology, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Jing Wei
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Alex Buko
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Carl E. Reid
- Molecular Discovery, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Chao Sun
- Molecular Discovery, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Paul Carmillo
- Molecular Discovery, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Gargi Sur
- Molecular Discovery, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - John P. Carulli
- Molecular Discovery, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Keith G. Mansfield
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan V. Westmoreland
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Staugaitis
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosciences, and Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Fox
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Werner Meier
- Discovery Sciences, Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Goelz
- Neurology, Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
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