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Aghamohammadi A, Rezaei N, Yazdani R, Delavari S, Kutukculer N, Topyildiz E, Ozen A, Baris S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Kilic SS, Kose H, Gulez N, Genel F, Reisli I, Djenouhat K, Tahiat A, Boukari R, Ladj S, Belbouab R, Ferhani Y, Belaid B, Djidjik R, Kechout N, Attal N, Saidani K, Barbouche R, Bousfiha A, Sobh A, Rizk R, Elnagdy MH, Al-Ahmed M, Al-Tamemi S, Nasrullayeva G, Adeli M, Al-Nesf M, Hassen A, Mehawej C, Irani C, Megarbane A, Quinn J, Maródi L, Modell V, Modell F, Al-Herz W, Geha RS, Abolhassani H. Consensus Middle East and North Africa Registry on Inborn Errors of Immunity. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1339-1351. [PMID: 34052995 PMCID: PMC8310844 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic defects of immunity, which cause high rates of morbidity and mortality mainly among children due to infectious and non-infectious complications. The IEI burden has been critically underestimated in countries from middle- and low-income regions and the majority of patients with IEI in these regions lack a molecular diagnosis. Methods We analyzed the clinical, immunologic, and genetic data of IEI patients from 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The data was collected from national registries and diverse databases such as the Asian Pacific Society for Immunodeficiencies (APSID) registry, African Society for Immunodeficiencies (ASID) registry, Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) registry, J Project centers, and International Consortium on Immune Deficiency (ICID) centers. Results We identified 17,120 patients with IEI, among which females represented 39.4%. Parental consanguinity was present in 60.5% of cases and 27.3% of the patients were from families with a confirmed previous family history of IEI. The median age of patients at the onset of disease was 36 months and the median delay in diagnosis was 41 months. The rate of registered IEI patients ranges between 0.02 and 7.58 per 100,000 population, and the lowest rates were in countries with the highest rates of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and death rates for children. Predominantly antibody deficiencies were the most frequent IEI entities diagnosed in 41.2% of the cohort. Among 5871 patients genetically evaluated, the diagnostic yield was 83% with the majority (65.2%) having autosomal recessive defects. The mortality rate was the highest in patients with non-syndromic combined immunodeficiency (51.7%, median age: 3.5 years) and particularly in patients with mutations in specific genes associated with this phenotype (RFXANK, RAG1, and IL2RG). Conclusions This comprehensive registry highlights the importance of a detailed investigation of IEI patients in the MENA region. The high yield of genetic diagnosis of IEI in this region has important implications for prevention, prognosis, treatment, and resource allocation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10875-021-01053-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Yazdani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Delavari
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Necil Kutukculer
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Bornova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Topyildiz
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Bornova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Foundation Diagnostic Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Foundation Diagnostic Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Foundation Diagnostic Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hulya Kose
- Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Gulez
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, University of Health Sciences Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ferah Genel
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, University of Health Sciences Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kamel Djenouhat
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medical Biology, Rouiba Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Azzeddine Tahiat
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medical Biology, Rouiba Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Rachida Boukari
- Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Samir Ladj
- Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Reda Belbouab
- Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Yacine Ferhani
- Department of Pediatrics, Mustapha Pacha University Hospital, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Brahim Belaid
- Department of Medical Immunology, University Hospital Center of Beni Messous, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Reda Djidjik
- Department of Medical Immunology, University Hospital Center of Beni Messous, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nadia Kechout
- Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Algeria/Faculty of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nabila Attal
- Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Algeria/Faculty of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Khalissa Saidani
- Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Algeria/Faculty of Medicine, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Ridha Barbouche
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ali Sobh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ragheed Rizk
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Elnagdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona Al-Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,Department of Allergy, Al-Rashid Allergy Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Salem Al-Tamemi
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gulnara Nasrullayeva
- Department Immunology Research Laboratory, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mehdi Adeli
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Pediatrics Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam Al-Nesf
- Allergy and Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amel Hassen
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Pediatrics Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Carla Irani
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Andre Megarbane
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jessica Quinn
- Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF), New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - László Maródi
- PID Clinical Unit and Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vicki Modell
- Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF), New York City, NY, USA
| | - Fred Modell
- Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF), New York City, NY, USA
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, PO Box 24923, Kuwait City, Kuwait. .,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Pediatric Department, Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 1 Blackfan Circle, Karp, Bldg, 10th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Pierre C, Tardivel C, Barbouche R, Bariohay B, Rami S, Troadec JD. Contribution de la microsomal prostaglandine E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) à l’inflammation de bas seuil associée à l’obésité et au diabète de type 2. NUTR CLIN METAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ouederni M, Sanal O, Ikinciogullari A, Tezcan I, Dogu F, Sologuren I, Pedraza-Sánchez S, Keser M, Tanir G, Nieuwhof C, Colino E, Kumararatne D, Levy J, Kutukculer N, Aytekin C, Herrera-Ramos E, Bhatti M, Karaca N, Barbouche R, Broides A, Goudouris E, Franco JL, Parvaneh N, Reisli I, Strickler A, Shcherbina A, Somer A, Segal A, Angel-Moreno A, Lezana-Fernandez JL, Bejaoui M, Bobadilla-Del Valle M, Kachboura S, Sentongo T, Ben-Mustapha I, Bustamante J, Picard C, Puel A, Boisson-Dupuis S, Abel L, Casanova JL, Rodríguez-Gallego C. Clinical features of Candidiasis in patients with inherited interleukin 12 receptor β1 deficiency. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 58:204-13. [PMID: 24186907 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 12Rβ1 (IL-12Rβ1)-deficient patients are prone to clinical disease caused by mycobacteria, Salmonella, and other intramacrophagic pathogens, probably because of impaired interleukin 12-dependent interferon γ production. About 25% of patients also display mucocutaneous candidiasis, probably owing to impaired interleukin 23-dependent interleukin 17 immunity. The clinical features and outcome of candidiasis in these patients have not been described before, to our knowledge. We report here the clinical signs of candidiasis in 35 patients with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency. RESULTS Most (n = 71) of the 76 episodes of candidiasis were mucocutaneous. Isolated oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) was the most common presentation (59 episodes, 34 patients) and was recurrent or persistent in 26 patients. Esophageal candidiasis (n = 7) was associated with proven OPC in 2 episodes, and cutaneous candidiasis (n = 2) with OPC in 1 patient, whereas isolated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; n = 3) was not. Five episodes of proven invasive candidiasis were documented in 4 patients; 1 of these episodes was community acquired in the absence of any other comorbid condition. The first episode of candidiasis occurred earlier in life (median age±standard deviation, 1.5 ± 7.87 years) than infections with environmental mycobacteria (4.29 ± 11.9 years), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4 ± 3.12 years), or Salmonella species (4.58 ± 4.17 years) or other rare infections (3 ± 11.67 years). Candidiasis was the first documented infection in 19 of the 35 patients, despite the vaccination of 10 of these 19 patients with live bacille Calmette-Guérin. CONCLUSIONS Patients who are deficient in IL-12Rβ1 may have candidiasis, usually mucocutaneous, which is frequently recurrent or persistent. Candidiasis may be the first clinical manifestation in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Ouederni
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, National Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis
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Prando C, Samarina A, Bustamante J, Boisson-Dupuis S, Cobat A, Picard C, AlSum Z, Al-Jumaah S, Al-Hajjar S, Frayha H, Al-Mousa H, Ben-Mustapha I, Adimi P, Feinberg J, de Suremain M, Jannière L, Filipe-Santos O, Mansouri N, Stephan JL, Nallusamy R, Kumararatne DS, Bloorsaz MR, Ben-Ali M, Elloumi-Zghal H, Chemli J, Bouguila J, Bejaoui M, Alaki E, AlFawaz TS, Al Idrissi E, ElGhazali G, Pollard AJ, Murugasu B, Wah Lee B, Halwani R, Al-Zahrani M, Al Shehri MA, Al-Zahrani M, Bin-Hussain I, Mahdaviani SA, Parvaneh N, Abel L, Mansouri D, Barbouche R, Al-Muhsen S, Casanova JL. Inherited IL-12p40 deficiency: genetic, immunologic, and clinical features of 49 patients from 30 kindreds. Medicine (Baltimore) 2013; 92:109-122. [PMID: 23429356 PMCID: PMC3822760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0b013e31828a01f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive interleukin (IL)-12 p40 (IL-12p40) deficiency is a rare genetic etiology of mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). We report the genetic, immunologic, and clinical features of 49 patients from 30 kindreds originating from 5 countries (India, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia). There are only 9 different mutant alleles of the IL12B gene: 2 small insertions, 3 small deletions, 2 splice site mutations, and 1 large deletion, each causing a frameshift and leading to a premature stop codon, and 1 nonsense mutation. Four of these 9 variants are recurrent, affecting 25 of the 30 reported kindreds, due to founder effects in specific countries. All patients are homozygous and display complete IL-12p40 deficiency. As a result, the patients lack detectable IL-12p70 and IL-12p40 and have low levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ). The clinical features are characterized by childhood onset of bacille Calmette-Guérin (attenuated Mycobacterium bovis strain) (BCG) and Salmonella infections, with recurrences of salmonellosis (36.4%) more common than recurrences of mycobacterial disease (25%). BCG vaccination led to BCG disease in 40 of the 41 patients vaccinated (97.5%). Multiple mycobacterial infections were rare, observed in only 3 patients, whereas the association of salmonellosis and mycobacteriosis was observed in 9 patients. A few other infections were diagnosed, including chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (n = 3), nocardiosis (n = 2), and klebsiellosis (n = 1). IL-12p40 deficiency has a high but incomplete clinical penetrance, with 33.3% of genetically affected relatives of index cases showing no symptoms. However, the prognosis is poor, with mortality rates of up to 28.6%. Overall, the clinical phenotype of IL-12p40 deficiency closely resembles that of interleukin 12 receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1) deficiency. In conclusion, IL-12p40 deficiency is more common than initially thought and should be considered worldwide in patients with MSMD and other intramacrophagic infectious diseases, salmonellosis in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arina Samarina
- From the St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (C. Prando, SBD, LA, JLC), Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, LA, JLC) Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U980, Necker Branch, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, JLC) Paris Cité Sorbonne, Necker Medical School, Paris, France; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies (J. Bustamante, C. Picard) and Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit (C. Picard, JLC), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France; McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance (AC), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, and Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research (ZAS, RH, S. Al-Muhsen, JLC) and Department of Pediatrics (ZAS, S. Al-Muhsen), College of Medicine, KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (SAJ, SAH, HF, HAM, Mofareh Al-Zahrani, S. Al-Muhsen, IBH) King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Medical City (EA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Cytoimmunology (IBM, MBA, HEZ, RB), Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia; Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease (PA, NM, DM) and Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center (MRB S.A Mahdaviani), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics (JLS), University of Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics (RN), Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology (DSK), Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (JC), Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (J. Bouguila), Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (MB), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (TSAF, EAI, GEG, MAAS, Mofareh Al-Zahrani), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Paediatrics (AJP), University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (BM, BWL), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics (Mohammed Al-Zahrani), Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center (NP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- From the St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (C. Prando, SBD, LA, JLC), Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, LA, JLC) Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U980, Necker Branch, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, JLC) Paris Cité Sorbonne, Necker Medical School, Paris, France; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies (J. Bustamante, C. Picard) and Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit (C. Picard, JLC), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France; McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance (AC), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, and Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research (ZAS, RH, S. Al-Muhsen, JLC) and Department of Pediatrics (ZAS, S. Al-Muhsen), College of Medicine, KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (SAJ, SAH, HF, HAM, Mofareh Al-Zahrani, S. Al-Muhsen, IBH) King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Medical City (EA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Cytoimmunology (IBM, MBA, HEZ, RB), Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia; Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease (PA, NM, DM) and Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center (MRB S.A Mahdaviani), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics (JLS), University of Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics (RN), Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology (DSK), Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (JC), Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (J. Bouguila), Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (MB), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (TSAF, EAI, GEG, MAAS, Mofareh Al-Zahrani), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Paediatrics (AJP), University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (BM, BWL), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics (Mohammed Al-Zahrani), Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center (NP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- From the St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (C. Prando, SBD, LA, JLC), Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, LA, JLC) Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U980, Necker Branch, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, JLC) Paris Cité Sorbonne, Necker Medical School, Paris, France; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies (J. Bustamante, C. Picard) and Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit (C. Picard, JLC), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France; McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance (AC), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, and Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research (ZAS, RH, S. Al-Muhsen, JLC) and Department of Pediatrics (ZAS, S. Al-Muhsen), College of Medicine, KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (SAJ, SAH, HF, HAM, Mofareh Al-Zahrani, S. Al-Muhsen, IBH) King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Medical City (EA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Cytoimmunology (IBM, MBA, HEZ, RB), Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia; Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease (PA, NM, DM) and Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center (MRB S.A Mahdaviani), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics (JLS), University of Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics (RN), Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology (DSK), Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (JC), Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (J. Bouguila), Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (MB), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (TSAF, EAI, GEG, MAAS, Mofareh Al-Zahrani), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Paediatrics (AJP), University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (BM, BWL), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics (Mohammed Al-Zahrani), Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center (NP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- From the St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (C. Prando, SBD, LA, JLC), Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, LA, JLC) Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U980, Necker Branch, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, JLC) Paris Cité Sorbonne, Necker Medical School, Paris, France; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies (J. Bustamante, C. Picard) and Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit (C. Picard, JLC), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France; McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance (AC), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, and Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research (ZAS, RH, S. Al-Muhsen, JLC) and Department of Pediatrics (ZAS, S. Al-Muhsen), College of Medicine, KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (SAJ, SAH, HF, HAM, Mofareh Al-Zahrani, S. Al-Muhsen, IBH) King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Medical City (EA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Cytoimmunology (IBM, MBA, HEZ, RB), Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia; Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease (PA, NM, DM) and Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center (MRB S.A Mahdaviani), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics (JLS), University of Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics (RN), Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology (DSK), Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (JC), Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (J. Bouguila), Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (MB), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (TSAF, EAI, GEG, MAAS, Mofareh Al-Zahrani), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Paediatrics (AJP), University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (BM, BWL), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics (Mohammed Al-Zahrani), Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center (NP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- From the St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (C. Prando, SBD, LA, JLC), Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, LA, JLC) Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U980, Necker Branch, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes (AS, J. Bustamante, SBD, C. Picard, JF, MdS, LJ, OFS, JLC) Paris Cité Sorbonne, Necker Medical School, Paris, France; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies (J. Bustamante, C. Picard) and Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit (C. Picard, JLC), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris, France; McGill Centre for the Study of Host Resistance (AC), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, and Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research (ZAS, RH, S. Al-Muhsen, JLC) and Department of Pediatrics (ZAS, S. Al-Muhsen), College of Medicine, KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics (SAJ, SAH, HF, HAM, Mofareh Al-Zahrani, S. Al-Muhsen, IBH) King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Medical City (EA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Cytoimmunology (IBM, MBA, HEZ, RB), Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunis-Belvédère, Tunisia; Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease (PA, NM, DM) and Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center (MRB S.A Mahdaviani), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics (JLS), University of Saint Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics (RN), Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology (DSK), Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (JC), Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (J. Bouguila), Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (MB), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Pediatrics (TSAF, EAI, GEG, MAAS, Mofareh Al-Zahrani), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Paediatrics (AJP), University of Oxford, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Children’s Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics (BM, BWL), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics (Mohammed Al-Zahrani), Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center (NP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Siala N, Azzabi O, Kebaier H, Mrad R, Rebah O, Barbouche R, Bejaoui M, Halioui S, Maherzi A. Omenn syndrome: two case reports. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2013; 21:259-262. [PMID: 24476615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Omenn syndrome is a variant of combined severe immunodeficiency due to mutations in RAG genes. It is characterized by polymorph symptoms and lethal outcome. We report on two cases of Omenn syndrome. Infants were aged 50 and 46 days. The clinical and biological signs were typical and complete in the first case. In the second case, only the cutaneous signs were present. Diagnosis was confirmed by genetic study. The Rag1 T631 mutation was found in these two patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could not be done and the evolution was fatal in both cases because of severe infectious episodes. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in the two families and each family has currently a healthy child. In conclusion, early diagnosis of Omenn syndrome may avoid infectious complications responsible for delay in therapeutic management. Genetic study confirms the diagnosis. The treatment usually consists of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in association with immunosuppressive drugs. Prenatal diagnosis is very important to allow parents to have healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Siala
- Nadia Siala, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Mongi Slim Hospital, Sidi Daoud 2046-La Marsa, Tunisia;
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6
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Kallel H, Zaïri H, Rourou S, Essafi M, Barbouche R, Dellagi K, Fathallah DM. Use of Taguchi's methods as a basis to optimize hybridoma cell line growth and antibody production in a spinner flask. Cytotechnology 2011; 39:9-14. [PMID: 19003299 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022437514334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Taguchi's methods were used for the design of an experimental strategy aimed at optimizing cell density and monoclonal antibody (mAb) production from a spinner flask hybridoma culture. 23G11 is an antibody to the human leukocyte adhesion molecule, CR3 or beta 2 integrin (CD11b/CD18). It recognizes specifically the A-domain of the alpha subunit CD11b. Anti beta 2 integrin monoclonal antibodies hold a great potential for preventing inflammation mediated tissue injuries. An L8 orthogonal experimental design was used to investigate four different culture components: stirring speed, nature of serum, concentration of serum and nature of media (RPMI 1640 or RPMI 1640 supplemented with glucose and glutamine). The experiments were conducted using two levels for each factor studied and a direct ELISA test was used to estimate the level of antibody production. Statistical analysis of the collected data pointed to the stirring speed and serum concentration, and the interaction between these parameters, as the components that affected cell growth. Antibody production was affected by these factors and by the nature of medium but also by the following two interactions: stirring speed/nature of serum and stirring speed/concentration of serum. This study emphasizes the value of using Taguchi's methods as a basis for optimization of mAb production from a hybridoma culture, in cost effective and significantly less labor intensive ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héla Kallel
- Viral Vaccines Research and Development Unit, Tunisia
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7
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de Beaucoudrey L, Samarina A, Bustamante J, Cobat A, Boisson-Dupuis S, Feinberg J, Al-Muhsen S, Jannière L, Rose Y, Desurenaim M, Kong XF, Filipe-Santos O, Chapgier A, Picard C, Fischer A, Dogu F, Ikinciogullari A, Tanir G, Hajjar SA, Jumaah SA, Frayha HH, AlSum Z, Ajaji SA, Alangari A, Al-Ghonaium A, Adimi P, Mansouri D, Mustapha IB, Yancoski J, Garty BZ, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Caragol I, Kutukculer N, Kumararatne DS, Patel S, Doffinger R, Exley A, Jeppsson O, Reichenbach J, Nadal D, Boyko Y, Pietrucha B, Anderson S, Levin M, Schandené L, Schepers K, Efira A, Mascart F, Matsuoka M, Sakai T, Siegrist CA, Frecerova K, Blüetters-Sawatzki R, Bernhöft J, Freihorst J, Baumann U, Richter D, Haerynck F, De Baets F, Novelli V, Lammas D, Vermylen C, Tuerlinckx D, Nieuwhof C, Pac M, Haas WH, Müller-Fleckenstein I, Fleckenstein B, Levy J, Raj R, Cohen AC, Lewis DB, Holland S, Yang KD, Wang X, Jiang XWL, Yang X, Zhu C, Xie Y, Lee PPW, Chan KW, Chen TX, Castro G, Ivelisse N, Codoceo A, King A, Bezrodnik L, Giovani DD, Gaillard MI, de Moraes-Vasconcelos D, Grumach AS, Duarte AJDS, Aldana R, Espinosa-Rosales FJ, Bejaoui M, Bousfiha AA, El Baghdadi J, Özbek N, Aksu G, Keser M, Somer A, Hatipoglu N, Aydogmus Ç, Asilsoy S, Camcioglu Y, Gülle S, Ozgur TT, Ozen M, Oleastro M, Bernasconi A, Mamishi S, Parvaneh N, Rosenzweig S, Barbouche R, Pedraza S, Lau YL, Ehlayel MS, Fieschi C, Abel L, Sanal O, Casanova JL. Revisiting human IL-12Rβ1 deficiency: a survey of 141 patients from 30 countries. Medicine (Baltimore) 2010; 89:381-402. [PMID: 21057261 PMCID: PMC3129625 DOI: 10.1097/md.0b013e3181fdd832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-12 receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1) deficiency is the most common form of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). We undertook an international survey of 141 patients from 102 kindreds in 30 countries. Among 102 probands, the first infection occurred at a mean age of 2.4 years. In 78 patients, this infection was caused by Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG; n = 65), environmental mycobacteria (EM; also known as atypical or nontuberculous mycobacteria) (n = 9) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 4). Twenty-two of the remaining 24 probands initially presented with nontyphoidal, extraintestinal salmonellosis. Twenty of the 29 genetically affected sibs displayed clinical signs (69%); however 8 remained asymptomatic (27%). Nine nongenotyped sibs with symptoms died. Recurrent BCG infection was diagnosed in 15 cases, recurrent EM in 3 cases, recurrent salmonellosis in 22 patients. Ninety of the 132 symptomatic patients had infections with a single microorganism. Multiple infections were diagnosed in 40 cases, with combined mycobacteriosis and salmonellosis in 36 individuals. BCG disease strongly protected against subsequent EM disease (p = 0.00008). Various other infectious diseases occurred, albeit each rarely, yet candidiasis was reported in 33 of the patients (23%). Ninety-nine patients (70%) survived, with a mean age at last follow-up visit of 12.7 years ± 9.8 years (range, 0.5-46.4 yr). IL-12Rβ1 deficiency is characterized by childhood-onset mycobacteriosis and salmonellosis, rare recurrences of mycobacterial disease, and more frequent recurrence of salmonellosis. The condition has higher clinical penetrance, broader susceptibility to infections, and less favorable outcome than previously thought.
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Mellouli F, Ksouri H, Barbouche R, Maamer M, Hamed LB, Hmida S, Hassen AB, Béjaoui M. Successful treatment of Fusarium solani ecthyma gangrenosum in a patient affected by leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 with granulocytes transfusions. BMC Dermatol 2010; 10:10. [PMID: 20929531 PMCID: PMC2959010 DOI: 10.1186/1471-5945-10-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) manifests as a skin lesion affecting patients suffering extreme neutropenia and is commonly associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency I (LAD I) which count among primary immunodeficiency syndromes of the innate immunity, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized in its severe phenotype by a complete defect in CD18 expression on neutrophils, delayed cord separation, chronic skin ulcers mainly due to recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, leucocytosis with high numbers of circulating neutrophils and an accumulation of abnormally low number of neutrophils at sites of infection. Case Presentation We report at our knowledge the first case of a child affected by LAD-1, who experienced during her disease course a multi-bacterial and fungal EG lesion caused by fusarium solani. Despite targeted antibiotics and anti-fungi therapy, the lesion extended for as long as 18 months and only massive granulocytes pockets transfusions in association with G-CSF had the capacity to cure this lesion. Conclusion We propose that granulocytes pockets transfusions will be beneficial to heal EG especially in severely immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fethi Mellouli
- Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Centre National de Greffe de Moelle Osseuse, 2 rue Jebel Lakdhar, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Tanfous NGB, Essafi M, Larguech B, Barbouche R, Fathallah DM. Characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody with restricted specificity to the free beta 2 integrin alpha M CD11b subunit. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2007; 26:373-9. [PMID: 18158781 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2007.0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte cell surface expression and function of beta2 integrins require the intracellular association of alpha subunits, CD11a, b, c, d, respectively, with the common CD18 beta2 subunit. We have raised and characterized a murine MAb -- ME-MDF -- directed against the low affinity form of the human integrin alphaM subunit CD11b A-domain. MAb ME-MDF is an IgG2a that has a kDa of 2,45461 +/- 0.12 x 10(-9) M. MAb ME-MDF recognizes both the low and high affinity forms of the CD11b A-domain. Flow cytometry showed that ME-MDF does not recognize the heterodimeric CD11b/CD18 molecule at the surface of polymorphonuclear cells and the human monoblast cell line U937. Western blot analysis of U937 cell line cell surface proteins demonstrated that ME-MDF reacts specifically with the CD11b subunit but does not react with the heterodimeric CD11b/CD18 complex, a feature that differentiates it from other CD11b A-dom-specific MAbs. These observations suggest that ME-MDF recognizes an epitope that is involved in the association of the two subunits and hence is not accessible within the heterodimeric form of the CD11b/CD18 molecule. These data show that the CD11b A-dom engages not only the MIDAS but also the ME-MDF-specific epitope to associate with the CD18 subunit. We have also constructed, and expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris, the corresponding recombinant scFv form of MAb ME-MDF and characterized the CDRs. MAb ME-MDF is characterized by short VH and VL CDR3. MAb ME-MDF and/or its recombinant scFv form would be very useful to study the structural basis of the association between the alpha and beta2 integrin subunits and to investigate the possibility of modulating CR3 cell surface expression by preventing subunit association.
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Mellouli F, Torjmen L, Ksouri H, Abdelkefi A, Ladab S, Barbouche R, Othman TB, Hassen AB, Bejaoui M. Bone marrow transplantation without conditioning regimen in Omenn syndrome: a case report. Pediatr Transplant 2007; 11:922-6. [PMID: 17976129 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2007.00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OS is a non-SCID immunodeficiency characterized by a poor outcome even after BMT. We report here a case of BMT without preparative conditioning regimen, and with a successful engraftment in a five-month-old infant with OS. The patient was transplanted with 15 x 10(8) bone marrow mononuclear cells/kg, from his HLA matched brother, without preparative regimen and GVHD prophylaxis. Immunological status was assessed before and after the BMT, and the engraftment was monitored with microchimerism analysis. Six days after BMT, an acute GVHD involving first the skin, then the liver and gut, complicated the post-transplantation course. An excellent engraftment was confirmed by donor chimerism over 95% respectively at day post-transplantation 30, 60, 90, and 150. The cellular immunity of the patient was restored, and infectious complications decreased after BMT. Later the patient experienced chronic GVHD, and he died on day post-transplantation 246 from GVHD. BMT without conditioning regimen for OS is feasible, but there must be a megadose cell transplantation, and appropriate prophylactic immunosuppressive treatment to prevent acute GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fethi Mellouli
- Unité d'Hématologie Pédiatrique, Centre National de Greffe de Moelle Osseuse, 2 Rue Djebel Lakhdar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia.
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11
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Siala E, Gastli M, Ben Abdallah R, Barbouche R, Zallaga N, Bouratbine A, Aoun K. [Recurrent chromomycosis of the face and extremities: first case report from Iibya]. Med Trop (Mars) 2007; 67:69-71. [PMID: 17506278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromomycosis is a chronic cutaneous fungal infection most prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. It mainly affects adults working in rural areas. This purpose of this report is to describe the first cases in Libya in a 16-year-old girl. This case is also remarkable with regard to location on the face and members, lack of association with trauma and long delay for recurrence, i.e., 6 years after first occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Siala
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis, Tunisie.
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Filipe-Santos O, Bustamante J, Haverkamp MH, Vinolo E, Ku CL, Puel A, Frucht DM, Christel K, von Bernuth H, Jouanguy E, Feinberg J, Durandy A, Senechal B, Chapgier A, Vogt G, de Beaucoudrey L, Fieschi C, Picard C, Garfa M, Chemli J, Bejaoui M, Tsolia MN, Kutukculer N, Plebani A, Notarangelo L, Bodemer C, Geissmann F, Israël A, Véron M, Knackstedt M, Barbouche R, Abel L, Magdorf K, Gendrel D, Agou F, Holland SM, Casanova JL. X-linked susceptibility to mycobacteria is caused by mutations in NEMO impairing CD40-dependent IL-12 production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:1745-59. [PMID: 16818673 PMCID: PMC2118353 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20060085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in five autosomal genes involved in interleukin (IL)-12–dependent, interferon (IFN)-γ–mediated immunity cause Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD). The molecular basis of X-linked recessive (XR)–MSMD remains unknown. We report here mutations in the leucine zipper (LZ) domain of the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) gene in three unrelated kindreds with XR-MSMD. The mutant proteins were produced in normal amounts in blood and fibroblastic cells. However, the patients' monocytes presented an intrinsic defect in T cell–dependent IL-12 production, resulting in defective IFN-γ secretion by T cells. IL-12 production was also impaired as the result of a specific defect in NEMO- and NF-κB/c-Rel–mediated CD40 signaling after the stimulation of monocytes and dendritic cells by CD40L-expressing T cells and fibroblasts, respectively. However, the CD40-dependent up-regulation of costimulatory molecules of dendritic cells and the proliferation and immunoglobulin class switch of B cells were normal. Moreover, the patients' blood and fibroblastic cells responded to other NF-κB activators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and lipopolysaccharide. These two mutations in the NEMO LZ domain provide the first genetic etiology of XR-MSMD. They also demonstrate the importance of the T cell– and CD40L-triggered, CD40-, and NEMO/NF-κB/c-Rel–mediated induction of IL-12 by monocyte-derived cells for protective immunity to mycobacteria in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orchidée Filipe-Santos
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris René Descartes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U 550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
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Barbouche R, Feyfant E, Belhaj B, Fenouillet E. Pharmacophore determination of a gp120 C terminal-derived anti-HIV peptide construct interfering with membrane fusion suggesting that processing of the gp120 C terminus is a prelude to fusion. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002; 18:201-6. [PMID: 11839154 DOI: 10.1089/08892220252781257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiple antigen peptide [CLIV; (PTKAKRR1VVQREKR2)4-K2-K-betaA] from the C terminus of the gp120 subunit of HIV Env inhibits Env-mediated cell-to-cell fusion through direct interference with the process (Virology 2000;273:169). We have examined various CLIV analogs using a cell-to-cell fusion assay, receptor binding assays, and molecular modeling to further address the characteristics of the peptide responsible for its anti-HIV activity. We show that (1) CLIV does not interfere with Env binding to CD4 and does not interact with the binding site of Env on CXCR4; (2) CLIV does not inhibit protease activities already reported to play a role in fusion; and (3) the pharmacophore is composed of cleavage site1 with amino acid residues at its C terminal end. Based on our data and on the literature, we propose that CLIV interferes with processing of the gp120 C terminus at site1 by the lymphocyte surface after CD4 binding. Our hypothesis implies that the cleavage region of Env is submitted to a stepwise processing including the known intracellular cleavage of gp160 at site2 in order to set the activation of the fusion peptide and a yet unexplored cleavage at site1 by the target cell surface that triggers fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France and Institut Universitaire de Sciences Biologiques, Monastir, Tunisia
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Fenouillet E, Barbouche R, Courageot J, Miquelis R. The catalytic activity of protein disulfide isomerase is involved in human immunodeficiency virus envelope-mediated membrane fusion after CD4 cell binding. J Infect Dis 2001; 183:744-52. [PMID: 11181151 DOI: 10.1086/318823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2000] [Revised: 11/21/2000] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a multifunctional protein with thiol-disulfide redox-isomerase activities. It catalyzes thiol-disulfide interchange reactions on the cell surface that may cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. PDI inhibitors alter human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spread, and it has been suggested that PDI may be necessary to trigger HIV entry. This study examined this hypothesis by using cell-to-cell fusion assays, in which the HIV envelope (Env) expressed on the cell surface interacts with CD4(+) lymphocytes. PDI is clustered at the lymphocyte surface in the vicinity of CD4-enriched regions, but both antigens essentially do not colocalize. Anti-PDI antibodies and 2 inhibitors of its catalytic function altered Env-mediated membrane fusion at a post-CD4 cell binding step. The fact that the PDI catalytic activity present on lymphocytes is required for fusion supports the hypothesis that catalysts assist post-CD4 cell binding conformational changes within Env.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fenouillet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France.
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Barbouche R, Decroly E, Kieny MP, Fenouillet E. An anti-human immunodeficiency virus multiple antigen peptide encompassing the cleavage region of the env precursor interferes with membrane fusion at a post-CD4 binding step. Virology 2000; 273:169-77. [PMID: 10891419 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
CLIV is a multiple antigen peptide ([PTKAKRRVVQREKR](4)-K(2)-K-betaA) that encompasses the cleavage region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope precursor. It displays an antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2 and inhibits HIV-1 Env-mediated cell-to-cell fusion. This effect has previously been attributed to interference with Env processing, resulting in the expression of a nonfusogenic envelope [Virology (1998) 247, 137]. However, we show here that CLIV does not alter the status of Env cleavage at steady state. Using various aggregation/syncytium assays that allow us to discriminate between gp120/CD4 binding and binding followed by gp41-mediated fusion, we demonstrate that CLIV inhibits a step of the cell-to-cell fusion process after CD4 binding. We demonstrate also that CLIV binds at 37 degrees C to a single class of protein present at the CD4(+) cell surface (Scatchard analysis: K(d) = 8 nM; B(max) = 10(4) sites/cell) and that the fusion inhibition activity seems to correlate with binding to this proteic component. In contrast, CLIV interacts with neither membrane-inserted nor CD4-associated Env. We therefore propose that CLIV interferes after Env/CD4 binding with a step of the membrane fusion process that may involve the C-terminal domain of gp120.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France
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Barbouche R, Papandréou MJ, Miquelis R, Guieu R, Fenouillet E. Relationships between the anti-HIV V(3)-derived peptide SPC(3) and lymphocyte membrane properties involved in virus entry: SPC(3) interferes with CXCR(4). FEMS Microbiol Lett 2000; 183:235-40. [PMID: 10675590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SPC(3) is a multiple antigen peptide derived from the V(3) loop of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope (Env). It exerts a potent anti-HIV activity whereas it alters neither Env expression nor binding to CD(4). Here, SPC(3) binding characteristics, its subsequent intracellular fate and the fact that it inhibited SDF(1)alpha binding to the lymphocyte surface provided strong arguments to conclude that it exerts its anti-HIV activity through interference with the CXCR(4) coreceptor. In contrast, it interferes with none of the other major surface proteins and mechanisms involving V(3) and implicated in infection, as shown here. This work identifies the target mechanism of SPC(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Bd P. Dramard, 13015, Marseille, France
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alcaïde-Loridan
- Unité d'immunogénétique humaine, Inserm U396, Institut Biomédical des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
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18
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Barbouche R, Marrakchi N, Mabrouk K, Krifi MN, Van Rietschoten J, Fenouillet E, El Ayeb M, Rochat H. Anti-platelet activity of the peptides composing the lebetin 1 family, a new class of inhibitors of platelet aggregation. Toxicon 1998; 36:1939-47. [PMID: 9839678 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We have purified from Vipera lebetina venom a family of inhibitors of platelet aggregation, named Lebetins. They are composed of two peptide groups of short (Lebetin 1: L1alpha: GDNKPPKKGPPNG; L1beta: DNKPPKKGPPNG) and long (Lebetin 2: L2alpha: GDNKPPKKGPPNGCFGHKIDRIGSHSGLGCNKVDDNKG; L2beta: DNKPPKKGPPNGCFGHKIDRIGSHSGLGCNKVDDNKG) size. The sequence presenting anti-platelet activity is mainly present within the Lebetin 1 sequence [Barbouche, R. Marrakchi, N., Mansuelle, P., Krifi, M., Fenouillet, E., Rochat, H. and El Ayeb, M. (1996) Novel anti-platelet aggregation polypeptides from Vipera lebetina venom: isolation and characterization. FEBS Lett. 392, 6-10]. Here, the peptides that compose the Lebetin 1 family were synthesized. Their respective activity was determined. Synthetic L1alpha and L1beta inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation in the nanomolar range. A peptide corresponding to L1beta deleted by D at its N terminus (L1gamma) also inhibited platelet aggregation potently; further truncation of L1gamma impaired its activity. Because L1 peptides efficiently inhibited fibrinogen-induced alpha-chymotrypsin treated-platelet aggregation, we tested whether they act mainly through the inhibition of platelet binding to fibrinogen and showed that they failed to inhibit platelet binding to fibrinogen-coated wells. The activity of L1 peptides was also tested in vivo: their intravenous administration strongly inhibited collagen-induced thrombocytopenia in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- Laboratoire Venins et Toxines, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia
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Barbouche R, Miquelis R, Sabatier JM, Fenouillet E. SPC3, an anti-HIV peptide construct derived from the viral envelope, binds and enters HIV target cells. J Pept Sci 1998; 4:479-85. [PMID: 9927254 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199812)4:8%3c479::aid-psc167%3e3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SPC3 is a peptide construct (eight branches of the GPGRAF motif) derived from the consensus sequence present at the apex of the third variable domain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope (Env). It presents a potent anti-HIV activity and is currently tested in phase II clinical trials (FDA protocol 257A). Its mode of action remains unclear. It was thought that SPC3 exerts its effect both during HIV interaction with CD4+ cells but also through interference either with a post-binding event or with Env processing. Accordingly, SPC3 was supposed to be able to bind and to enter CD4+ cells. In this work, we addressed these points. SPC3 was found to interact with CD4+ cell membrane with a K0.5 value in the range of 500 nM. The binding of SPC3 to CD4+ cells involves its interaction with a cell membrane associated protein which is pronase sensitive and different from CD4. This interaction was similar from 2 to 37 degrees C. The maximum binding occurred at acidic pH whereas the interaction was inhibited in alkaline conditions. We observed also that SPC3 was internalized rapidly into the cells - the maximal intracell amount was reached within 30 min - where it remained stable for at least 24 h. Altogether, these data suggest that SPC3 can exert its antiviral activity via interference with events occurring at the cell surface but also into the target cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France
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Barbouche R, Fenouillet E, Papandréou MJ, Kiény MP, Sabatier JM. Properties of HIV envelope expressed in the presence of SPC3, an Env-derived peptide drug under phase II clinical trials. J Pept Res 1998; 52:283-8. [PMID: 9832306 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1998.tb01242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A multibranched peptide construct (SPC3) derived from the conserved sequence of the third variable domain (V3) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope (Env) inhibits HIV infectivity. It is being tested in phase II clinical trials (FDA protocol 257A). Because some Env-derived peptides inhibit HIV infectivity through alteration of Env biosynthetic pathway, we studied whether SPC3 displays its activity through interference with Env biosynthesis or with its functions at the membrane. Syncytium formation was impaired when human CD4+ cells expressed recombinant HIV Env in the presence of SPC3. This inhibition was not due to an effect of SPC3 on the amount of Env expressed at the cell membrane. As assessed using antibodies, the conformation of the receptor binding site and of V3 presented on membrane Env was not affected by the presence of SPC3 during biosynthesis. Finally, despite the ability of SPC3 to bind to CD4+ cell membrane, SPC3 did not interfere with Env binding to CD4. These data suggest that SPC3 interferes with the infection process at a post-CD4 binding step, and not with the folding of Env.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France
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Barbouche R, Sabatier JM, Fenouillet E. An anti-HIV peptide construct derived from the cleavage region of the Env precursor acts on Env fusogenicity through the presence of a functional cleavage sequence. Virology 1998; 247:137-43. [PMID: 9705906 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1998.9239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A 22-amino-acid-long multibranched peptide construct (CLV) derived from the cleavage region (KIEPLGVAPTKAKRR*VVQREKR*) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 envelope precursor inhibits HIV infection (Virology, 1996, 223, 406-408). We attempted to characterize its activity for Env expressed via a recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV): gp 160 cleavage was delayed, but not impaired, in the presence of CLV (10 microM), whereas neither Env production nor Env membrane expression was significantly altered. Through the synthesis of analogs, we concluded that the presence of a cleavage sequence was required for inhibition of syncytium formation by CLV in rVV-infected CD(4+) cell cultures: indeed, a single amino acid residue substitution (R* > S) in the cleavage sites presented by CLV abolished its activity. Other analogs allowed us to further determine the region of CLV which mediates its activity. The ability of a radiolabeled CLV analog to enter cells was also shown. Although, these data strongly suggest that CLV acts on Env fusogenicity at least partially through interference with gp160 processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille, France
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Aoun K, Barbouche R, Bouratbine A, Béjaoui M, Dellagi K, Ben Ismail R. [Intestinal microsporida infections in children with primary immunologic deficiencies]. Parasite 1997; 4:386-7. [PMID: 9587604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Guermazi S, Karoui H, Bon C, El Ayeb M. Cerastotin, a serine protease from Cerastes cerastes venom, with platelet-aggregating and agglutinating properties. Eur J Biochem 1997; 247:121-8. [PMID: 9249017 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cerastotin, a thrombin-like enzyme from the venom of the desert viper Cerastes cerastes, has been purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and two ion-exchange chromatographies on Mono S columns. It is a neutral glycoprotein (pI = 6.6), present as a single polypeptide chain of 40 kDa. Its N-terminal sequence shows strong similarity with those of other thrombin-like enzymes from snake venoms. Cerastotin possesses esterase and amidolytic activities measured with N(alpha)-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester and the thrombin chromogenic substrate D-phenylalanyl-L-pipecolyl-L-arginine p-nitroanilide, respectively. The amidolytic activity is inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, N(alpha)-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethane, N(alpha)-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethane, D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl chloromethane and benzamidine, suggesting that cerastotin is a serine protease. Cerastotin efficiently clots human plasma and cleaves preferentially the alpha chain of fibrinogen. Cerastotin did not induce aggregation of washed normal platelets, but did aggregate platelets in the presence of exogenous fibrinogen. A monoclonal antibody directed against glycoprotein (GPIb), which specifically inhibits induced agglutination by ristocetin also completely blocks platelet aggregation induced by cerastotin. However, another anti-GPIb monoclonal antibody, which specifically inhibits alpha-thrombin binding to GPIb, did not prevent this aggregation. Furthermore, platelets which were desensitised by alpha-thrombin still aggregate in the presence of cerastotin, but not alpha-thrombin. Similarly a monoclonal antibody, anti-GPIIb-IIIa, which blocks fibrinogen binding, did not inhibit cerastotin-induced platelet aggregation. This activity is abolished in the presence of 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and/or 10 mM EDTA. Cerastotin also agglutinates formalin-fixed and washed platelets, only in the simultaneous presence of fibrinogen and of Von Willebrand factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Marrakchi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Toxines, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Belvedere, Tunisie
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24
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Abstract
Cerastocytin is a thrombin-like serine protease with potent platelet-proaggregating properties. It is able to activate factor XIII but is less active than thrombin on plasma coagulation. The aggregation induced by cerastocytin resembles that induced by thrombin, since rabbit washed platelets desensitized by a pretreatment with thrombin do not aggregate in the presence of cerastocytin. Furthermore, preincubation of platelets with monoclonal antibodies specific for glycoproteins GPIb or GPIIbIIIa blocks receptor sites for thrombin and fibrinogen, respectively, and prevents their aggregation induced by thrombin or cerastocytin. A monoclonal antibody, inhibitor of von Willebrand factor (VWF)-dependent agglutination, blocks the aggregation induced by cerastocytin. After activation with cerastocytin, washed rabbit platelets degranulate and secrete ATP and phospholipase A2. However, cerastocytin is less potent in inducing the release of phospholipase A2 than in inducing ATP secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Marrakchi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Toxines, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisia
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Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Bon C, el Ayeb M. Cerastatin, a new potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation from the venom of the Tunisian viper, Cerastes cerastes. Toxicon 1997; 35:125-35. [PMID: 9028015 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(96)00020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cerastatin, a potent platelet aggregation inhibitor, was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75, followed by two ion exchange chromatographies on Mono-S columns. Cerastatin is a neutral glycoprotein (pI = 6.2) of 32 kDa, made up of at least three subunits. It is devoid of phospholipase A2, esterase, fibrinogenolytic and amidolytic activities. It inhibits aggregation of washed platelets, induced by either collagen, PAF acether or thrombin, with similar IC50 of 2.3 nM. Cerastatin also inhibits the thrombin-induced clot retraction of platelet-rich plasma. It does not inhibit the amidolytic or the procoagulant activities of thrombin Cerastatin caused no lytic effect on platelet membranes since it did not cause release of lactate dehydrogenase. Pretreatment of platelets with cerastatin irreversibly inhibits the aggregation induced by thrombin. Also cerastatin completely inhibits the fibrinogen-induced aggregation of alpha chymotrypsin-treated platelets. Cerastatin therefore inhibits platelet aggregation by interfering with the interaction of fibrinogen with fibrinogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Marrakchi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Toxines, Institut Pasteur de Tunis
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26
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Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Bon C, El Ayeb M. A new inhibitor of platelet aggregation, cerastatin from Cerastes cerastes venom. Toxicon 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(96)83822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Barbouche R, Marrakchi N, Mansuelle P, Krifi M, Fenouillet E, Rochat H, el Ayeb M. Novel anti-platelet aggregation polypeptides from Vipera lebetina venom: isolation and characterization. FEBS Lett 1996; 392:6-10. [PMID: 8769304 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lebetins 1 and Lebetins 2, two polypeptide groups that inhibit platelet aggregation, were isolated from Vipera lebetina venom by gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography. Amino acid sequencing indicated that the first group contains two major polypeptides of 13 and 12 residues; their molecular weight was determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. The second was composed of two peptides of 38 and 37 residues, each with one disulfide bond. Sequence analysis revealed neither RGD sequence nor homology with other proteins including known snake or tick polypeptides. Lebetins 1 were Pro and Lys rich peptides and their sequences were identical to the N-terminus of Lebetins 2. Lebetins inhibited platelet aggregation induced by thrombin, collagen and PAF-acether. The 50% concentration that inhibited human and rabbit platelet aggregation induced by thrombin was 590 nM and 125 nM for Lebetins 1 and 100 nM and 8 nM for Lebetins 2, respectively. Lebetins 1 and Lebetins 2 also inhibited fibrinogen-induced aggregation of alpha-chymotrypsin-treated platelets as well as in vivo collagen-induced thrombocytopenia in rats with half effective doses of 2 nmol/kg and 4.2 nmol/kg, respectively. Lebetins were not toxic after intravenous injection into mice and rats. These polypeptides form novel platelet inhibitors that could be used to delineate further the mechanisms of platelet aggregation and serve as a model for developing antithrombotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- Laboratoire Venins et Toxines, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunisia
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Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Zingali R, Bon C, Guermazi S, Karoui H, Ayeb M. Purification and characterization of two serine-proteases from the venom of Cerastes cerastes, cerastocytin and cerastotin. Toxicon 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(95)93851-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Marrakchi N, Barbouche R, Zinghali L, Krifi M, Bon C, el Ayeb M. [Biochemical and pharmacologic properties of platelet aggregants and platelet antiaggregants of viper venoms in Tunisia]. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 1994; 71:487-91. [PMID: 8801850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Marrakchi
- Laboratoire Venins et Toxines de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis
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Lévy-Soussan P, Barbouche R, Poirier MF, Galinowski A, Lôo H, Avrameas S. A preliminary prospective study on natural autoantibodies and the response of untreated schizophrenic patients to neuroleptics. Biol Psychiatry 1994; 35:135-8. [PMID: 8167210 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)91204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abstract
Human neonate B lymphocytes display unique phenotypic and functional characteristics: in addition to CD1c antigens, CD5+ and CD5- subsets both express activation markers such as CD23 and Bac-1. They proliferate strongly in the presence of various lymphokines (rIL-2, rIL-4, low molecular weight BCGF), but differentiate poorly in the presence of the same lymphokines, pokeweed mitogen and Epstein-Barr virus. It has also been reported that human neonate B lymphocytes produce polyreactive autoantibodies after in vitro activation by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I and transformation by Epstein-Barr virus. We now show that, in the absence of in vitro stimulation, human neonate B lymphocytes produce polyreactive antibodies of the IgM isotype against several autoantigens. The B lymphocytes involved expressed membrane IgD, IgM, CD23 and CD11b molecules; CD5 expression was variable. This phenotype was consistently found on a minority of B lymphocytes and is similar to that of polyreactive autoantibody-producing B cells in mice. We also found that autoantibody production in vitro could occur in the absence of any T helper effect. The function of these autoantibodies is not clearly established, but their occurrence in a large proportion of human neonates strongly suggests that they play an important role in the development of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbouche
- Unité d'Immunocytochimie, URA359 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Abstract
Autoantibodies reacting with cell constituents other than antinuclear antibodies have seldom been reported in the literature on schizophrenia. Serum of 41 DSM-III-R schizophrenic patients was examined for the presence of various autoantibodies and compared with that of healthy volunteers (n = 10) and hospitalized controls. Titers of IgG, IgA and IgM autoantibodies directed against actin, tubulin, myosin, DNA, thyroglobulin, elastin, albumin, DNA and trinitrophenyl groups were determined using enzyme immunoassay. IgG and IgA titers were significantly decreased in schizophrenic patients. These results contrast with those obtained with various other autoimmune and nonautoimmune diseases in which titers are either unchanged or increased. A significant increase of various autoantibody levels was observed in the paranoid subgroup of schizophrenics compared with the disorganized subgroup. These autoantibodies possess characteristics similar to those of natural autoantibodies, which seem to play several biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris V-Cochin University, Sainte-Anne Hospital, France
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lymberi
- Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
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