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Heath Jeffery RC, Thompson JA, Lo J, Chelva ES, Armstrong S, Pulido JS, Procopio R, Vincent AL, Bianco L, Battaglia Parodi M, Ziccardi L, Antonelli G, Barbano L, Marques JP, Geada S, Carvalho AL, Tang WC, Chan CM, Boon CJF, Hensman J, Chen TC, Lin CY, Chen PL, Vincent A, Tumber A, Heon E, Grigg JR, Jamieson RV, Cornish EE, Nash BM, Borooah S, Ayton LN, Britten-Jones AC, Edwards TL, Ruddle JB, Sharma A, Porter RG, Lamey TM, McLaren TL, McLenachan S, Roshandel D, Chen FK. Retinal Dystrophies Associated With Peripherin-2: Genetic Spectrum and Novel Clinical Observations in 241 Patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:22. [PMID: 38743414 PMCID: PMC11098050 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.5.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the clinical, electrophysiological and genetic spectrum of inherited retinal diseases associated with variants in the PRPH2 gene. Methods A total of 241 patients from 168 families across 15 sites in 9 countries with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in PRPH2 were included. Records were reviewed for age at symptom onset, visual acuity, full-field ERG, fundus colour photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and SD-OCT. Images were graded into six phenotypes. Statistical analyses were performed to determine genotype-phenotype correlations. Results The median age at symptom onset was 40 years (range, 4-78 years). FAF phenotypes included normal (5%), butterfly pattern dystrophy, or vitelliform macular dystrophy (11%), central areolar choroidal dystrophy (28%), pseudo-Stargardt pattern dystrophy (41%), and retinitis pigmentosa (25%). Symptom onset was earlier in retinitis pigmentosa as compared with pseudo-Stargardt pattern dystrophy (34 vs 44 years; P = 0.004). The median visual acuity was 0.18 logMAR (interquartile range, 0-0.54 logMAR) and 0.18 logMAR (interquartile range 0-0.42 logMAR) in the right and left eyes, respectively. ERG showed a significantly reduced amplitude across all components (P < 0.001) and a peak time delay in the light-adapted 30-Hz flicker and single-flash b-wave (P < 0.001). Twenty-two variants were novel. The central areolar choroidal dystrophy phenotype was associated with 13 missense variants. The remaining variants showed marked phenotypic variability. Conclusions We described six distinct FAF phenotypes associated with variants in the PRPH2 gene. One FAF phenotype may have multiple ERG phenotypes, demonstrating a discordance between structure and function. Given the vast spectrum of PRPH2 disease our findings are useful for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael C. Heath Jeffery
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Thompson
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Johnny Lo
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Enid S. Chelva
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sean Armstrong
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jose S. Pulido
- Wills Eye Hospital, Mid Atlantic Retina, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca Procopio
- Wills Eye Hospital, Mid Atlantic Retina, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrea L. Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, FMHS, New Zealand National Eye Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Eye Department, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lorenzo Bianco
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - João P. Marques
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Geada
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana L. Carvalho
- Medical Genetics Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Wei C. Tang
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choi M. Chan
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Camiel J. F. Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Hensman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ta-Ching Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Frontier Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ajoy Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anupreet Tumber
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elise Heon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R. Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elisa E. Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin M. Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shyamanga Borooah
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lauren N. Ayton
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas L. Edwards
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan B. Ruddle
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Ophthalmology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Tina M. Lamey
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Terri L. McLaren
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Danial Roshandel
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K. Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Department of Medical Technology and Physics, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Ma A, O'Shea R, Wedd L, Wong C, Jamieson RV, Rankin N. What is the power of a genomic multidisciplinary team approach? A systematic review of implementation and sustainability. Eur J Hum Genet 2024; 32:381-391. [PMID: 38378794 PMCID: PMC10999446 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing complexity of genomic data interpretation, and need for close collaboration with clinical, laboratory, and research expertise, genomics often requires a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach. This systematic review aims to establish the evidence for effectiveness of the genomic multidisciplinary team, and the implementation components of this model that can inform precision care. MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched in 2022 and 2023. We included qualitative and quantitative studies of the genomic MDT, including observational and cohort studies, for diagnosis and management, and implementation outcomes of effectiveness, adoption, efficiency, safety, and acceptability. A narrative synthesis was mapped against the Genomic Medicine Integrative Research framework. 1530 studies were screened, and 17 papers met selection criteria. All studies pointed towards the effectiveness of the genomic MDT approach, with 10-78% diagnostic yield depending on clinical context, and an increased yield of 6-25% attributed to the MDT. The genomic MDT was found to be highly efficient in interpretation of variants of uncertain significance, timeliness for a rapid result, made a significant impact on management, and was acceptable for adoption by a wide variety of subspecialists. Only one study utilized an implementation science based approach. The genomic MDT approach appears to be highly effective and efficient, facilitating higher diagnostic rates and improved patient management. However, key gaps remain in health systems readiness for this collaborative model, and there is a lack of implementation science based research especially addressing the cost, sustainability, scale up, and equity of access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ma
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rosie O'Shea
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura Wedd
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire Wong
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Rankin
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sakti DH, Cornish EE, Ali H, Retsas S, Raza M, Saakova N, Carvalho LS, Nash BM, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Natural history and biomarkers of KCNV2-associated retinopathy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38443311 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND KCNV2-associated retinopathy is an autosomal recessive inherited retinal disease classically named cone dystrophy with supernormal rod response (CDSRR). This study aims to identify the best biomarker for evaluating the condition. METHODS A retrospective review of eight patients from seven families with genetically confirmed KCNV2-associated retinopathy was performed. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), full-field electroretinogram (ffERG), pattern ERG (pERG), fundus imaging: retinal photograph and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were analysed. RESULTS There was a disproportionate increase in b-wave amplitude with a relatively small light intensity increase, especially between the two dimmest stimuli of DA 0.002 and 0.01 (-2.7 and -2.0 log cd.s/m2 ). The a-wave amplitude was normal. The a-wave peak time was delayed in all stimuli. The b-wave peak time was delayed compared to normal, but the gap tightened as intensity increased. The b:a wave ratio was above or at the upper limit for the reference values. FAF bull's eye maculopathy pattern was prominent and variable foveal disruption on OCT was apparent in all patients. Legal blindness was reached before the age of 25. CONCLUSIONS We identified three potential electrophysiology biomarkers to assist in evaluating future therapies: the disproportionate b-wave amplitude jump, delayed a-wave and b-wave peak time, and the higher than normal b:a wave ratio. Any of these biomarkers found with photoreceptor ellipsoid zone foveal-perifoveal disruption should prompt consideration for KCNV2 retinopathy. The BCVA natural history data suggests the probable optimum therapeutic window in the first three decades of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas H Sakti
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haipha Ali
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Retsas
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marium Raza
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nonna Saakova
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Lions Eye Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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AlAbdi L, Rahbeeni Z, Maddirevula S, Helaby R, Abdulwahab F, Khan AO, Riley LG, Alhashem A, Chassaing N, Jamieson RV, Alkuraya FS. A founder variant expands the phenotype of WNT7B-related PDAC syndrome. Clin Genet 2024. [PMID: 38417950 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypoplasia, Diaphragmatic anomalies, Anophthalmia/microphthalmia, and Cardiac defects (PDAC) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous multiple congenital malformation syndrome. Although pathogenic variants in RARB and STRA6 are established causes of PDAC, many PDAC cases remain unsolved at the molecular level. Recently, we proposed biallelic WNT7B variants as a novel etiology based on several families with typical features of PDAC syndrome albeit with variable expressivity. Here, we report three patients from two families that share a novel founder variant in WNT7B (c.739C > T; Arg247Trp). The phenotypic expression of this variant ranges from typical PDAC features to isolated genitourinary anomalies. Similar to previously reported PDAC-associated WNT7B variants, this variant was found to significantly impair WNT7B signaling activity further corroborating its proposed pathogenicity. This report adds further evidence to WNT7B-related PDAC and expands its variable expressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama AlAbdi
- Department of Zoology, Collage of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Department of Medical Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sateesh Maddirevula
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Helaby
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdous Abdulwahab
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif O Khan
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amal Alhashem
- Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic, Sehha Virtual Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicolas Chassaing
- Centre de Référence des Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique CARGO, Site Constitutif, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network; and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health and Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Westhaus A, Eamegdool SS, Fernando M, Fuller-Carter P, Brunet AA, Miller AL, Rashwan R, Knight M, Daniszewski M, Lidgerwood GE, Pébay A, Hewitt A, Santilli G, Thrasher AJ, Carvalho LS, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Jamieson RV, Lisowski L. AAV capsid bioengineering in primary human retina models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21946. [PMID: 38081924 PMCID: PMC10713676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated retinal gene therapy is an active field of both pre-clinical as well as clinical research. As with other gene therapy clinical targets, novel bioengineered AAV variants developed by directed evolution or rational design to possess unique desirable properties, are entering retinal gene therapy translational programs. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that predictive preclinical models are required to develop and functionally validate these novel AAVs prior to clinical studies. To investigate if, and to what extent, primary retinal explant culture could be used for AAV capsid development, this study performed a large high-throughput screen of 51 existing AAV capsids in primary human retina explants and other models of the human retina. Furthermore, we applied transgene expression-based directed evolution to develop novel capsids for more efficient transduction of primary human retina cells and compared the top variants to the strongest existing benchmarks identified in the screening described above. A direct side-by-side comparison of the newly developed capsids in four different in vitro and ex vivo model systems of the human retina allowed us to identify novel AAV variants capable of high transgene expression in primary human retina cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Westhaus
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Teaching and Research Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Genethon, Evry, France
| | - Steven S Eamegdool
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Milan Fernando
- Stem Cell and Organoid Facility, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | | | - Alicia A Brunet
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Annie L Miller
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | | | - Maddison Knight
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Maciej Daniszewski
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Grace E Lidgerwood
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giorgia Santilli
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Teaching and Research Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian J Thrasher
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Teaching and Research Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Stem Cell and Organoid Facility, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Leszek Lisowski
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia.
- Australian Genome Therapeutics Centre, Children's Medical Research Institute and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
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Scopelliti AJ, Jamieson RV, Barnes EH, Nash B, Rajagopalan S, Cornish EL, Grigg JR. A natural history study of autosomal dominant GUCY2D-associated cone-rod dystrophy. Doc Ophthalmol 2023; 147:189-201. [PMID: 37775646 PMCID: PMC10638150 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-023-09954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the natural history of autosomal dominant (AD) GUCY2D-associated cone-rod dystrophies (CRDs), and evaluate associated structural and functional biomarkers. METHODS Retrospective analysis was conducted on 16 patients with AD GUCY2D-CRDs across two sites. Assessments included central macular thickness (CMT) and length of disruption to the ellipsoid zone (EZ) via optical coherence tomography (OCT), electroretinography (ERG) parameters, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF). RESULTS At first visit, with a mean age of 30 years (range 5-70 years), 12 patients had a BCVA below Australian driving standard (LogMAR ≥ 0.3 bilaterally), and 1 patient was legally blind (LogMAR ≥ 1). Longitudinal analysis demonstrated a deterioration of LogMAR by - 0.019 per year (p < 0.001). This accompanied a reduction in CMT of - 1.4 µm per year (p < 0.0001), lengthened EZ disruption by 42 µm per year (p = < 0.0001) and increased area of FAF by 0.05 mm2 per year (p = 0.027). Similarly, cone function decreased with increasing age, as demonstrated by decreasing b-wave amplitude of the light-adapted 30 Hz flicker and fused flicker (p = 0.005 and p = 0.018, respectively). Reduction in CMT and increased EZ disruption on OCT were associated with functional changes including poorer BCVA and decreased cone function on ERG. CONCLUSION We have described the natural long-term decline in vision and cone function associated with mutations in GUCY2D and identified a set of functional and structural biomarkers that may be useful as outcome parameters for future therapeutic clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Scopelliti
- Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Barnes
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sulekha Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisa L Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Sakti DH, Cornish EE, Nash BM, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. IMPDH1-associated autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: natural history of novel variant Lys314Gln and a comprehensive literature search. Ophthalmic Genet 2023; 44:437-455. [PMID: 37259572 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2215310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a key regulatory enzyme in the de novo synthesis of the purine base guanine. Mutations in the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 gene (IMPDH1) are causative for RP10 autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). This study reports a novel variant in a family with IMPDH1-associated retinopathy. We also performed a comprehensive review of all reported IMPDH1 disease causing variants with their associated phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multimodal imaging and functional studies documented the phenotype including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photograph, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), full field electroretinogram (ffERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual field (VF) data were collected. A literature search was performed in the PubMed and LOVD repositories. RESULTS We report 3 cases from a 2-generation family with a novel heterozygous likely pathogenic variant p. (Lys314Gln) (exon 10). The ophthalmic phenotype showed diffuse outer retinal atrophy with mild pigmentary changes with sparse pigmentary changes. FAF showed early macular involvement with macular hyperautofluorescence (hyperAF) surrounded by hypoAF. Foveal ellipsoid zone island can be found in the youngest patient but not in the older ones. The literature review identified a further 56 heterozygous, 1 compound heterozygous, and 2 homozygous variant. The heterozygous group included 43 missense, 3 in-frame, 1 nonsense, 2 frameshift, 1 synonymous, and 6 intronic variants. Exon 10 was noted as a hotspot harboring 18 variants. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel IMPDH1 variant. IMPDH1-associated retinopathy presents most frequently in the first decade of life with early macular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas H Sakti
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Lo-Cao E, Crofts S, Geering K, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Spectrum of ocular disease in children aged between 0 and 3 years at an Australian paediatric tertiary hospital. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 51:546-558. [PMID: 37147905 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood ocular disease can be a significant health burden to the child, family and society. Previous studies have examined the spectrum of paediatric ocular disease presenting to tertiary hospitals; however, these studies have broader age ranges, smaller sample sizes, and are largely based in developing countries. This study aims to assess the spectrum of ocular disease in the first 3 years of life presenting to the eye department of an Australian tertiary paediatric hospital. METHODS The records of 3337 children who had their initial presentation at the eye clinic between the age of 0 and 36 months were reviewed, spanning 6.5 years from 1st July 2012 to 31st December 2018. RESULTS The most common primary diagnoses overall were strabismic amblyopia (6.0%), retinopathy of prematurity (5.0%) and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (4.5%). Bilateral visual impairment was more common in younger children, while unilateral visual impairment was more common in older children. The proportion of all children presenting with visual impairment was 10.3%, with 5.7% of all children presenting with bilateral visual impairment and 4.6% presenting with unilateral visual impairment. In children with visual impairment, the most common sites of primary abnormality were lens (21.4%), retina (17.3%), and cerebral and visual pathways (12.1%). The most common primary diagnoses in children with visual impairment were cataract (21.4%), strabismic amblyopia (9.3%) and retinoblastoma (6.5%). CONCLUSIONS The spectrum of eye disease and vision impairment presenting in the first 3 years of life facilitates health care planning, greater community education about vision impairment and importance of early intervention, and guidance for appropriate resource allocation. Health systems can apply these findings to aid in early identification and intervention to reduce preventable blindness and institute appropriate rehabilitation services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Lo-Cao
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Crofts
- Department of Orthoptics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katie Geering
- Department of Orthoptics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Wood A, Lim B, Matthews J, Karaconji T, Zagora SL, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR, Jones M, Rowe N, Hing S, Donaldson C, Smith JEH. Prevalence of Glaucoma Following Paediatric Cataract Surgery in an Australian Tertiary Referral Centre. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:2171-2179. [PMID: 37547173 PMCID: PMC10402721 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s400512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Secondary glaucoma following childhood cataract surgery remains the most common complication in the paediatric population. This study aimed to determine the incidence, time to progression and risk factors associated with the development of secondary glaucoma following childhood cataract surgery in a paediatric population. Outcome measures were the detection of secondary glaucoma, postoperative time frame to development of glaucoma and risk factors in its development. Patients and Methods A retrospective case series was conducted between 2003 and 2017 at a tertiary children's hospital in Sydney. The patient population included those 16 years or less of age who underwent congenital cataract extraction, with or without an intraocular lens implantation and who had been followed up for a minimum of six months following surgery. Patients were excluded if they had cataract aetiology other than congenital idiopathic cataract. Multivariate Cox Regression analysis was used to determine relevant risk factors. Results A total of 320 eyes in 216 patients were included in the study. Secondary glaucoma developed in 11.9% of eyes. In those that developed secondary glaucoma, the average time to onset from surgery was 3.2 years (median 2.75 years). The mean age of diagnosis of secondary glaucoma was 4.58 years (median 3.5 years, range 2.5 months to 13.23 years). Microcornea was the only adverse characteristic significantly associated with an increased risk of secondary glaucoma (HR 6.30, p 0.003). Conclusion Despite modern surgical techniques, glaucoma remains a significant long-term sequela in children following cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Wood
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin Lim
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jim Matthews
- Sydney Informatics Hub, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tanya Karaconji
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sophia L Zagora
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent, Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Jones
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Neil Rowe
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Hing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Craig Donaldson
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - James E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
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Schofield D, Kraindler J, Tan O, Shrestha RN, West S, Hart N, Tan L, Ma A, Grigg JR, Jamieson RV. The health care and societal costs of inherited retinal diseases in Australia: a microsimulation modelling study. Med J Aust 2023; 219:70-76. [PMID: 37301731 PMCID: PMC10952471 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the health care and societal costs of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) in Australia. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Microsimulation modelling study based on primary data - collected in interviews of people with IRDs who had ophthalmic or genetic consultations at the Children's Hospital at Westmead or the Save Sight Institute (both Sydney) during 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020, and of their carers and spouses - and linked Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule (PBS) data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Annual and lifetime costs for people with IRDs and for their carers and spouses, grouped by payer (Australian government, state governments, individuals, private health insurance) and type (health care costs; societal costs: social support, National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), income and taxation, costs associated with caring for family members with IRDs); estimated annual national cost of IRDs. RESULTS Ninety-four people (74 adults, 20 people under 18 years; 55 girls and women [59%]) and 30 carers completed study surveys (participation rate: adults, 66%; children, 66%; carers, 63%). Total estimated lifetime cost was $5.2 million per person with an IRD, of which 87% were societal and 13% health care costs. The three highest cost items were lost income for people with IRDs ($1.4 million), lost income for their carers and spouses ($1.1 million), and social spending by the Australian government (excluding NDIS expenses: $1.0 million). Annual costs were twice as high for people who were legally blind as for those with less impaired vision ($83 910 v $41 357 per person). The estimated total annual cost of IRDs in Australia was $781 million to $1.56 billion. CONCLUSION As the societal costs associated with IRDs are much larger than the health care costs, both contributors should be considered when assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions for people with IRDs. The increasing loss of income across life reflects the impact of IRDs on employment and career opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Schofield
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Joshua Kraindler
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Owen Tan
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Rupendra N Shrestha
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Sarah West
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Natalie Hart
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW
| | - Liny Tan
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- Save Sight InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
| | - Alan Ma
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- Save Sight InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- The University of SydneySydneyNSW
| | - John R Grigg
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- Save Sight InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- The University of SydneySydneyNSW
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- Save Sight InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW
- The University of SydneySydneyNSW
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11
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Sakti DH, Cornish EE, Fraser CL, Nash BM, Sandercoe TM, Jones MM, Rowe NA, Jamieson RV, Johnson AM, Grigg JR. Early recognition of CLN3 disease facilitated by visual electrophysiology and multimodal imaging. Doc Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s10633-023-09930-1. [PMID: 36964447 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-023-09930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a group of neurodegenerative disorders with varying visual dysfunction. CLN3 is a subtype which commonly presents with visual decline. Visual symptomatology can be indistinct making early diagnosis difficult. This study reports ocular biomarkers of CLN3 patients to assist clinicians in early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and future therapy. METHODS Retrospective review of 5 confirmed CLN3 patients in our eye clinic. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), electroretinogram (ERG), ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus photography and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies were undertaken. RESULTS Five unrelated children, 4 females and 1 male, with median age of 6.2 years (4.6-11.7) at first assessment were investigated at the clinic from 2016 to 2021. Four homozygous and one heterozygous pathogenic CLN3 variants were found. Best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) ranged from 0.18 to 0.88 logMAR at first presentation. Electronegative ERGs were identified in all patients. Bull's eye maculopathies found in all patients. Hyper-autofluorescence ring surrounding hypo-autofluorescence fovea on FAF was found. Foveal ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruptions were found in all patients with additional inner and outer retinal microcystic changes in one patient. Neurological problems noted included autism, anxiety, motor dyspraxia, behavioural issue, and psychomotor regression. CONCLUSIONS CLN3 patients presented at median age 6.2 years with visual decline. Early onset maculopathy with an electronegative ERG and variable cognitive and motor decline should prompt further investigations including neuropaediatric evaluation and genetic assessment for CLN3 disease. The structural parameters such as EZ and FAF will facilitate ocular monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas H Sakti
- Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, Australia
| | - Trent M Sandercoe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael M Jones
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, Australia
| | - Neil A Rowe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandra M Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, Australia.
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12
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Bouasker S, Patel N, Greenlees R, Wellesley D, Fares Taie L, Almontashiri NA, Baptista J, Alghamdi MA, Boissel S, Martinovic J, Prokudin I, Holden S, Mudhar HS, Riley LG, Nassif C, Attie-Bitach T, Miguet M, Delous M, Ernest S, Plaisancié J, Calvas P, Rozet JM, Khan AO, Hamdan FF, Jamieson RV, Alkuraya FS, Michaud JL, Chassaing N. Bi-allelic variants in WNT7B disrupt the development of multiple organs in humans. J Med Genet 2023; 60:294-300. [PMID: 35790350 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2022-108475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypoplasia, Diaphragmatic anomalies, Anophthalmia/microphthalmia and Cardiac defects delineate the PDAC syndrome. We aim to identify the cause of PDAC syndrome in patients who do not carry pathogenic variants in RARB and STRA6, which have been previously associated with this disorder. METHODS We sequenced the exome of patients with unexplained PDAC syndrome and performed functional validation of candidate variants. RESULTS We identified bi-allelic variants in WNT7B in fetuses with PDAC syndrome from two unrelated families. In one family, the fetus was homozygous for the c.292C>T (p.(Arg98*)) variant whereas the fetuses from the other family were compound heterozygous for the variants c.225C>G (p.(Tyr75*)) and c.562G>A (p.(Gly188Ser)). Finally, a molecular autopsy by proxy in a consanguineous couple that lost two babies due to lung hypoplasia revealed that both parents carry the p.(Arg98*) variant. Using a WNT signalling canonical luciferase assay, we demonstrated that the identified variants are deleterious. In addition, we found that wnt7bb mutant zebrafish display a defect of the swimbladder, an air-filled organ that is a structural homolog of the mammalian lung, suggesting that the function of WNT7B has been conserved during evolution for the development of these structures. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that defective WNT7B function underlies a form of lung hypoplasia that is associated with the PDAC syndrome, and provide evidence for involvement of the WNT-β-catenin pathway in human lung, tracheal, ocular, cardiac, and renal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bouasker
- Research Center, University Hospital Centre Sainte-Justine, Montreal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Nisha Patel
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rebecca Greenlees
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network; and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diana Wellesley
- Wessex Clinical Genetic Service, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lucas Fares Taie
- Laboratory Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Naif A Almontashiri
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Madinah, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia.,Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julia Baptista
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Malak Ali Alghamdi
- Medical Genetic Division, Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Boissel
- Research Center, University Hospital Centre Sainte-Justine, Montreal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Jelena Martinovic
- Unit of Fetal Pathology, APHP Hopital Antoine-Beclere, Clamart, Île-de-France, France
| | - Ivan Prokudin
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network; and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha Holden
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hardeep-Singh Mudhar
- National Specialist Ophthalmic Pathology Service (NSOPS), Dept of Histopathology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics Laboratory, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sidney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christina Nassif
- Research Center, University Hospital Centre Sainte-Justine, Montreal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Tania Attie-Bitach
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Marguerite Miguet
- Research Center, University Hospital Centre Sainte-Justine, Montreal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Marion Delous
- Equipe GENDEV, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Lyon 1, Université St Etienne, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Sylvain Ernest
- Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Julie Plaisancié
- Department of Medical Genetics, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France.,Centre de Référence des Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique CARGO, Site Constitutif, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France.,INSERM U1214, ToNIC, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrick Calvas
- Department of Medical Genetics, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France.,Centre de Référence des Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique CARGO, Site Constitutif, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
| | - Jean-Michel Rozet
- Laboratory Genetics in Ophthalmology, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Arif O Khan
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fadi F Hamdan
- Research Center, University Hospital Centre Sainte-Justine, Montreal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network; and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health and Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Québec, Canada .,Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chassaing
- Department of Medical Genetics, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France .,Centre de Référence des Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique CARGO, Site Constitutif, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
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Kim HJ, O’Hara-Wright M, Kim D, Loi TH, Lim BY, Jamieson RV, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Yang P. Comprehensive characterization of fetal and mature retinal cell identity to assess the fidelity of retinal organoids. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:175-189. [PMID: 36630901 PMCID: PMC9860116 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing cell identity in complex tissues such as the human retina is essential for studying its development and disease. While retinal organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells have been widely used to model development and disease of the human retina, there is a lack of studies that have systematically evaluated the molecular and cellular fidelity of the organoids derived from various culture protocols in recapitulating their in vivo counterpart. To this end, we performed an extensive meta-atlas characterization of cellular identities of the human eye, covering a wide range of developmental stages. The resulting map uncovered previously unknown biomarkers of major retinal cell types and those associated with cell-type-specific maturation. Using our retinal-cell-identity map from the fetal and adult tissues, we systematically assessed the fidelity of the retinal organoids in mimicking the human eye, enabling us to comprehensively benchmark the current protocols for retinal organoid generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michelle O’Hara-Wright
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia,Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Daniel Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - To Ha Loi
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Benjamin Y. Lim
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
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14
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O'Shea R, Ma AS, Jamieson RV, Rankin NM. Precision medicine in Australia: now is the time to get it right. Med J Aust 2022; 217:559-563. [PMID: 36436133 PMCID: PMC10100177 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan S Ma
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW
| | - Nicole M Rankin
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Centre for Health Policy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC
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15
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Mack HG, Britten-Jones AC, McGuinness MB, Chen FK, Grigg JR, Jamieson RV, Edwards TL, De Roach J, O'Hare F, Martin KR, Ayton LN. Survey of perspectives of people with inherited retinal diseases on ocular gene therapy in Australia. Gene Ther 2022; 30:336-346. [PMID: 36183012 PMCID: PMC10113139 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00364-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Many gene therapies are in development for treating people with inherited retinal diseases (IRD). We hypothesized that potential recipients of gene therapy would have knowledge gaps regarding treatment. We aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of genetic therapies among potential recipients with IRD, using a novel instrument we designed (Attitudes to Gene Therapy-Eye (AGT-Eye)) and their associations with demographic data, self-reported visual status, and tools assessing quality of life and attitudes toward clinical trials using a community-based cross-sectional survey of Australian adults with IRD. AGT-Eye, overall quality of life EQ-5D-5L, National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) and Patient Attitudes to Clinical Trials (PACT-22) instruments were administered. Six hundred and eighty-one people completed the study, 51.7% women of mean age 53.5 years (SD ± 15.8). Most participants (91.6%) indicated they would likely accept gene therapy if it was available to them or family members. However, only 28.3% agreed that they had good knowledge of gene therapy. Most obtained information about gene therapy from the internet (49.3%). Respondents with post-graduate degrees scored highest compared to other educational levels on methods (p < 0.001) and outcomes (p = 0.003) and were more likely to see economic value of treatment (p = 0.043). Knowledge gaps were present regarding methods and outcomes of gene therapy. This survey has shown high level of interest in the IRD community for gene therapies, and highlights areas for improved clinician and patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather G Mack
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Myra B McGuinness
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Royal Perth Hospital and Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas L Edwards
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John De Roach
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Australian Inherited Retinal Disease Registry and DNA Bank, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fleur O'Hare
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith R Martin
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren N Ayton
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Tsang TW, Finlay-Jones A, Perry K, Grigg JR, Popova S, Cheung MMY, Bower C, Tam P, Jamieson RV, Elliott EJ. Eye Abnormalities in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022:1-12. [DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2022.2123004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey W Tsang
- The University of Sydney Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, Australia, and Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Amy Finlay-Jones
- Alcohol & Pregnancy and FASD Research, Telethon Kids Institute, West Perth, Australia
- Curtin University, West Perth, Australia
| | - Kerrin Perry
- The University of Sydney Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, Australia, and Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Svetlana Popova
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Mei Yin Cheung
- The University of Sydney Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, Australia, and Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
- Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
| | - Carol Bower
- Alcohol & Pregnancy and FASD Research, Telethon Kids Institute, West Perth, Australia
| | - Patrick Tam
- Embryology Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, the University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia; and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, NSW, Australia, and Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Elliott
- The University of Sydney Children’s Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead, NSW, Australia, and Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
- Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Kids Research, Westmead, Australia
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17
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Thananjeyan AL, Karaconji T, Flaherty M, Zagora S, Jamieson RV, Grigg JRB. A case of neurofibromatosis type 1 and unilateral glaucoma with ectropion uveae. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:709-712. [PMID: 35722677 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2089362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya L Thananjeyan
- University of Sydney School of Rural Health, Dubbo Base Hospital, Dubbo, NSW, Australia
| | - Tanya Karaconji
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sophia Zagora
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Group Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent, Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R B Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Group Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent, Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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Sakti DH, Ali H, Korsakova M, Saakova N, Mustafic N, Fraser CL, Jamieson RV, Cornish EE, Grigg JR. Electronegative electroretinogram in the modern multimodal imaging era. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 50:429-440. [PMID: 35212129 PMCID: PMC9544723 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The electronegative electroretinogram (ERG) reflecting inner retinal dysfunction can assist as a diagnostic tool to determine the anatomical location in eye disease. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and aetiology of electronegative ERG in a tertiary ophthalmology centre and to develop a clinical algorithm to assist patient management. Methods Retrospective review of ERGs performed at the Save Sight Institute from January 2011 to December 2020. ERGs were performed according to ISCEV standard. The b:a ratio was analysed in dark adapted (DA) 3.0 or 12.0 recordings. Patients with ratio of ≤1.0 were included. Results A total of 4421 patients had ERGs performed during study period, of which 139 patients (3.1%) had electronegative ERG. The electronegative ERG patients' median age at referral time was 37 (0.7–90.6) years. The causative aetiologies were photoreceptor dystrophy (48, 34.5%), Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB) (33, 23.7%), retinal ischemia (18, 12.9%), retinoschisis (15, 10.8%), paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy (PAIR) and nonPAIR (14, 10.1%), batten disease (4, 2.9%), and inflammatory retinopathy (4, 2.9%). There were three patients with an unclassified diagnosis. Thirty‐two patients (23%) had good vision and a normal fundus appearance. Eleven patients (7.9%) had good vision and normal results in all multimodal imaging. Conclusions The frequency of electronegative ERG in our referral centre was 3.1% with photoreceptor dystrophy as the main aetiology. A significant number of the cases had good vision with normal fundus or normal multimodal imaging. This further highlights the value of an ERG in this modern multimodal imaging era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas H. Sakti
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia
| | - Haipha Ali
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Maria Korsakova
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Nonna Saakova
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Nina Mustafic
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Clare L. Fraser
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Specialty of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney Children's Hospital Network Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Elisa E. Cornish
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - John R. Grigg
- Visual electrophysiology Unit, Save Sight Institute, Speciality of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
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19
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Chahine Karam F, Loi TH, Ma A, Nash BM, Grigg JR, Parekh D, Riley LG, Farnsworth E, Bennetts B, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Jamieson RV. Human iPSC-Derived Retinal Organoids and Retinal Pigment Epithelium for Novel Intronic RPGR Variant Assessment for Therapy Suitability. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030502. [PMID: 35330501 PMCID: PMC8951517 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The RPGR gene encodes Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator, a known interactor with ciliary proteins, which is involved in maintaining healthy photoreceptor cells. Variants in RPGR are the main contributor to X-linked rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), and RPGR gene therapy approaches are in clinical trials. Hence, elucidation of the pathogenicity of novel RPGR variants is important for a patient therapy opportunity. Here, we describe a novel intronic RPGR variant, c.1415 − 9A>G, in a patient with RCD, which was classified as a variant of uncertain significance according to current clinical diagnostic criteria. The variant lay several base pairs intronic to the canonical splice acceptor site, raising suspicion of an RPGR RNA splicing abnormality and consequent protein dysfunction. To investigate disease causation in an appropriate disease model, induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from patient fibroblasts and differentiated to retinal pigment epithelium (iPSC-RPE) and retinal organoids (iPSC-RO). Abnormal RNA splicing of RPGR was demonstrated in patient fibroblasts, iPSC-RPE and iPSC-ROs, leading to a predicted frameshift and premature stop codon. Decreased RPGR expression was demonstrated in these cell types, with a striking loss of RPGR localization at the ciliary transitional zone, critically in the photoreceptor cilium of the patient iPSC-ROs. Mislocalisation of rhodopsin staining was present in the patient’s iPSC-RO rod photoreceptor cells, along with an abnormality of L/M opsin staining affecting cone photoreceptor cells and increased photoreceptor apoptosis. Additionally, patient iPSC-ROs displayed an increase in F-actin expression that was consistent with an abnormal actin regulation phenotype. Collectively, these studies indicate that the splicing abnormality caused by the c.1415 − 9A>G variant has an impact on RPGR function. This work has enabled the reclassification of this variant to pathogenic, allowing the consideration of patients with this variant having access to gene therapy clinical trials. In addition, we have identified biomarkers of disease suitable for the interrogation of other RPGR variants of uncertain significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelle Chahine Karam
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
| | - To Ha Loi
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
| | - Alan Ma
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (E.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Benjamin M. Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (E.F.); (B.B.)
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - John R. Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
- Specialty of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Darshan Parekh
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics Laboratory, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network and Children’s Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (D.P.); (L.G.R.)
| | - Lisa G. Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics Laboratory, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network and Children’s Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (D.P.); (L.G.R.)
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Farnsworth
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (E.F.); (B.B.)
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (E.F.); (B.B.)
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia;
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (F.C.K.); (T.H.L.); (A.M.); (B.M.N.); (J.R.G.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia; (E.F.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9687-2800; Fax: +61-2-9687-2120
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20
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Schofield D, Kraindler J, Tan O, Shrestha R, Jelovic D, West S, Ma A, Grigg J, Jamieson RV. Patient-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life in Individuals with Inherited Retinal Diseases. Ophthalmology Science 2022; 2:100106. [PMID: 36246188 PMCID: PMC9560564 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2021.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Schofield
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Joshua Kraindler
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
- Correspondence: Joshua Kraindler, GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Level 4, 4 Easten Road, North Ryde, 2109, Australia.
| | - Owen Tan
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Rupendra Shrestha
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Diana Jelovic
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah West
- GenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Alan Ma
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - John Grigg
- Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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21
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Nash BM, Loi TH, Fernando M, Sabri A, Robinson J, Cheng A, Eamegdool SS, Farnsworth E, Bennetts B, Grigg JR, Chung SK, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Jamieson RV. Evaluation for Retinal Therapy for RPE65 Variation Assessed in hiPSC Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:4536382. [PMID: 34938339 PMCID: PMC8687838 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4536382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from patients and the derivative retinal cells enable the investigation of pathological and novel variants in relevant cell populations. Biallelic pathogenic variants in RPE65 cause early-onset severe retinal dystrophy (EOSRD) or Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Increasingly, regulatory-approved in vivo RPE65 retinal gene replacement therapy is available for patients with these clinical features, but only if they have biallelic pathological variants and sufficient viable retinal cells. In our cohort of patients, we identified siblings with early-onset severe retinal degeneration where genomic studies revealed compound heterozygous variants in RPE65, one a known pathogenic missense variant and the other a novel synonymous variant of uncertain significance. The synonymous variant was suspected to affect RNA splicing. Since RPE65 is very poorly expressed in all tissues except the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), we generated hiPSC-derived RPE cells from the parental carrier of the synonymous variant. Sequencing of RNA obtained from hiPSC-RPE cells demonstrated heterozygous skipping of RPE65 exon 2 and the introduction of a premature stop codon in the mRNA. Minigene studies confirmed the splicing aberration. Results from this study led to reclassification of the synonymous variant to a pathogenic variant, providing the affected patients with access to RPE65 gene replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - To Ha Loi
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Milan Fernando
- Stem Cell Medicine Group and Stem Cell and Organoid Facility, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine & Health, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Amin Sabri
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Robinson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anson Cheng
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steven S. Eamegdool
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Farnsworth
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R. Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seo-Kyung Chung
- Translational Neurogenomics Group, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney NSW, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Stem Cell Medicine Group and Stem Cell and Organoid Facility, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine & Health, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Specialty of Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network-Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Zada M, Cornish EE, Fraser CL, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Natural history and clinical biomarkers of progression in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa: a systematic review. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:499-510. [PMID: 33258268 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) accounts for a significant proportion of certifiable blindness in working-age adults. The objectives of this study were to: (1) synthesize the best available evidence regarding the natural history of disease progression and (2) identify the best current clinical biomarkers for monitoring disease progression, which will be important in planned gene therapy trials for this condition. Patient population: XLRP affected males. Main outcomes: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken with data sought on overall annual progression for clinical biomarkers using optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), visual acuity, electroretinography and visual fields. To assess which outcome was best for monitoring progression, data on reliability, interocular correlation and structure-function correlation were extracted. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies estimated progression at between 4% to 19% per year with longitudinal data. Where an overall model was produced with cross-sectional data, the trend was usually best fit by a logarithmic function with an annual exponential decline rate between 4.7% and 8.0%. The evidence suggested the ellipsoid zone (EZ) width on OCT and outer ring area (ORA) on FAF as the most useful biomarkers having excellent interocular symmetry, reproducibility and functional correlation. Using different clinical biomarkers, XLRP progresses at a rate of 4 to 19% per year. Ellipsoid zone (EZ) width and ORA are the most robust biomarkers with the potential to be used in trials where one eye serves as a control for the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Zada
- Save Sight Institute Discipline of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute Discipline of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Genetic Eye Research Unit Children's Medical Research Institute Save Sight Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney and Children's Hospital Westmead Sydney NSW Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital Foundation Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Save Sight Institute Discipline of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute Discipline of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Genetic Eye Research Unit Children's Medical Research Institute Save Sight Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney and Children's Hospital Westmead Sydney NSW Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute Discipline of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Genetic Eye Research Unit Children's Medical Research Institute Save Sight Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney and Children's Hospital Westmead Sydney NSW Australia
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23
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Sakti DH, Cornish EE, Mustafic N, Zaheer A, Retsas S, Rajagopalan S, Chung CW, Ewans L, McCluskey P, Nash BM, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. MERTK retinopathy: biomarkers assessing vision loss. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:706-716. [PMID: 34289798 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1955278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mer tyrosine kinase-retinitis pigmentosa (MERTK-RP) causes a primary defect in the retinal pigment epithelium, which subsequently affects rod and cone photoreceptors. The study aims to identify the most appropriate MERTK-RP biomarkers to measure disease progression for deciding the optimum therapeutic trial intervention time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients' data from baseline (BL) and last follow-up (LFU) were reviewed. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence (UWF-FAF) patterns, kinetic perimetry (KP), and electroretinography (ERG) parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Five patients were included with the mean age of 17.7 ± 14.4 years old (6.7-42.3) at BL and mean BCVA follow-up of 8.4 ± 5.1 years. Mean BCVA at BL and LFU were 0.84 ± 0.86 LogMAR and 1.14 ± 0.86 LogMAR, respectively. The BCVA decline rate was 0.05 ± 0.03 LogMAR units/year. Ellipzoid zones (EZ) were measurable in eight eyes with mean BL length of 1293.75 ± 421.07 µm and reduction of 140.95 ± 69.28 µm/year and mean BL CMT of 174.2 ± 37.52 µm with the rate of 11.2 ± 12.77 µm declining/year. Full-field ERG (ffERG) and pattern ERG (pERG) were barely recordable. UWF-FAF showed central macular hyper-autofluorescence (hyperAF). KP (III4e and V4e) was normal in two eyes, restricted nasally in four eyes, superior wedge defect in two eyes and undetectable in two eyes. The four restricted nasally KPs became worse, while the others stayed almost unchanged. CONCLUSIONS This cohort showed early visual loss, moderately rapid EZ reduction and macular hyperAF. EZ, CMT, and BCVA were consistently reduced. Relative rapid decline in these biomarkers reflecting visual function suggests an early and narrow timespan for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimas H Sakti
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing; Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nina Mustafic
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Afsah Zaheer
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie Retsas
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sulekha Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool BC, NSW, Australia
| | - Clara Wt Chung
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool BC, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Ewans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter McCluskey
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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24
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Seese SE, Reis LM, Deml B, Griffith C, Reich A, Jamieson RV, Semina EV. Identification of missense MAB21L1 variants in microphthalmia and aniridia. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:877-890. [PMID: 33973683 PMCID: PMC8238893 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microphthalmia, coloboma, and aniridia are congenital ocular phenotypes with a strong genetic component but often unknown cause. We present a likely causative novel variant in MAB21L1, c.152G>T p.(Arg51Leu), in two family members with microphthalmia and aniridia, as well as novel or rare compound heterozygous variants of uncertain significance, c.184C>T p.(Arg62Cys)/c.-68T>C, and c.658G>C p.(Gly220Arg)/c.*529A>G, in two additional probands with microphthalmia, coloboma and/or cataracts. All variants were predicted as damaging by in silico programs. In vitro studies of coding variants revealed normal subcellular localization but variable stability for the corresponding mutant proteins. In vivo complementation assays using the zebrafish mab21l2 Q48Sfs*5 loss-of-function line demonstrated that though overexpression of wild-type MAB21L1 messenger RNA (mRNA) compensated for the loss of mab21l2, none of the coding variant mRNAs produced a statistically significant rescue, with p.(Arg51Leu) showing the highest degree of functional deficiency. Dominant variants in a close homolog of MAB21L1, MAB21L2, have been associated with microphthalmia and/or coloboma and repeatedly involved the same Arg51 residue, further supporting its pathogenicity. The possible role of p.(Arg62Cys) and p.(Gly220Arg) in microphthalmia is similarly supported by the observed functional defects, with or without an additional impact from noncoding MAB21L1 variants identified in each patient. This study suggests a broader spectrum of MAB21L1-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Seese
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of WisconsinChildren's of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and AnatomyThe Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Linda M. Reis
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of WisconsinChildren's of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Brett Deml
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of WisconsinChildren's of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Present address:
PreventionGeneticsMarshfieldWisconsinUSA
| | | | | | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network and Children's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Elena V. Semina
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of WisconsinChildren's of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and AnatomyThe Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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25
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Ma A, Grigg JR, Flaherty M, Smith J, Minoche AE, Cowley MJ, Nash BM, Ho G, Gayagay T, Lai T, Farnsworth E, Hackett EL, Slater K, Wong K, Holman KJ, Jenkins G, Cheng A, Martin F, Brown NJ, Leighton SE, Amor DJ, Goel H, Dinger ME, Bennetts B, Jamieson RV. Genome sequencing in congenital cataracts improves diagnostic yield. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:1173-1183. [PMID: 34101287 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Congenital cataracts are one of the major causes of childhood-onset blindness around the world. Genetic diagnosis provides benefits through avoidance of unnecessary tests, surveillance of extraocular features, and genetic family information. In this study, we demonstrate the value of genome sequencing in improving diagnostic yield in congenital cataract patients and families. We applied genome sequencing to investigate 20 probands with congenital cataracts. We examined the added value of genome sequencing across a total cohort of 52 probands, including 14 unable to be diagnosed using previous microarray and exome or panel-based approaches. Although exome or genome sequencing would have detected the variants in 35/52 (67%) of the cases, specific advantages of genome sequencing led to additional diagnoses in 10% (5/52) of the overall cohort, and we achieved an overall diagnostic rate of 77% (40/52). Specific benefits of genome sequencing were due to detection of small copy number variants (2), indels in repetitive regions (2) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in GC-rich regions (1), not detectable on the previous microarray, exome sequencing, or panel-based approaches. In other cases, SNVs were identified in cataract disease genes, including those newly identified since our previous study. This study highlights the additional yield of genome sequencing in congenital cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ma
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andre E Minoche
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gladys Ho
- Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thet Gayagay
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tiffany Lai
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Farnsworth
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma L Hackett
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrina Slater
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Wong
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine J Holman
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gemma Jenkins
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anson Cheng
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha J Brown
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - David J Amor
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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26
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Nash BM, Watson CJG, Hughes E, Hou AL, Loi TH, Bennetts B, Jelovic D, Polkinghorne PJ, Gorbatov M, Grigg JR, Vincent AL, Jamieson RV. Heterozygous COL9A3 variants cause severe peripheral vitreoretinal degeneration and retinal detachment. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:881-886. [PMID: 33633367 PMCID: PMC8110976 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-021-00820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The COL9A3 gene encodes one of the three alpha chains of Type IX collagen, with heterozygous variants reported to cause multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, and suggested as contributory in some cases of sensorineural hearing loss. Patients with homozygous variants have midface hypoplasia, myopia, sensorineural hearing loss, epiphyseal changes and carry a diagnosis of Stickler syndrome. Variants in COL9A3 have not previously been reported to cause vitreoretinal degeneration and/or retinal detachments. This report describes two families with autosomal dominant inheritance and predominant features of peripheral vitreoretinal lattice degeneration and retinal detachment. Genomic sequencing revealed a heterozygous splice variant in COL9A3 [NG_016353.1(NM_001853.4):c.1107 + 1G>C, NC_000020.10(NM_001853.4):c.1107 + 1G>C, LRG1253t1] in Family 1, and a heterozygous missense variant [NG_016353.1(NM_001853.4):c.388G>A p.(Gly130Ser)] in Family 2, each segregating with disease. cDNA studies of the splice variant demonstrated an in-frame deletion in the COL2 domain, and the missense variant occurred in the COL3 domain, both indicating the critical role of Type IX collagen in the vitreous base of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Christopher J. G. Watson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Edward Hughes
- Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Department of Ophthalmology, Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Alec L. Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - To Ha Loi
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Disciplines of Genomic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Diana Jelovic
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Philip J. Polkinghorne
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,Eye Department, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - John R. Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Discipline of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Andrea L. Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,Eye Department, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW Australia
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27
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Arsiwalla TA, Cornish EE, Nguyen PV, Korsakova M, Ali H, Saakova N, Fraser CL, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Assessing Residual Cone Function in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:29. [PMID: 33364083 PMCID: PMC7746956 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.13.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate cone function deterioration in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using full field electroretinogram (ffERG), pattern electroretinogram (pERG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and their correlation with visual acuity (VA). Methods Clinical records (2008–2018) of patients with RP undergoing repeat electrophysiology were reviewed. Results of ffERG (30 Hz flicker and fused flicker amplitude [FFAmp]), pERG [p50 and n95], and macular OCT (ellipsoid zone [EZ] and outer segment thickness) were collected. Results One hundred twenty-six eyes from 63 patients (33 women, mean age 35 years) were included. The mean decline in VA was 0.11 ± 0.14 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). The FFAmp decreased by 3.01 ± 5.9 µV with global cone function deteriorating by 18.7% annually. The percentage change in FFAmp (RE [r = 0.553], LE [r = 0.531]), and 30 Hz flicker amplitude (RE [r = 0.615], LE [r = 0.529]) strongly correlated with VA (P < 0.00001). The pERG p50 (15 and 30 degrees) change analyzed in 34 patients showed reduction by 23% and 23.4%, respectively. The percentage change in p50 30 degrees (r = 0.397) correlated with VA and EZ layer (P < 0.05). The EZ layer change was calculated in 45 patients and the shortening and thinning rate was 4.3% and 4.4% annually, respectively. The EZ length percentage change correlated with VA (RE [r = 0.34] and LE [r = 0.466; P < 0.05). Conclusions We quantified the decline in cone function in patients with RP utilizing ffERG and FFAmp measures of residual cone function. These parameters correlated with VA and OCT when measurable. These objective measures may assist in monitoring disease progression. Translational Relevance Residual cone function provides an objective estimate of residual visual function, which aids in counselling patients regarding prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem A Arsiwalla
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital Foundation, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital Foundation, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phuc Vuong Nguyen
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Korsakova
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haipha Ali
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nonna Saakova
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, The Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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28
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Kirk EP, Ong R, Boggs K, Hardy T, Righetti S, Kamien B, Roscioli T, Amor DJ, Bakshi M, Chung CWT, Colley A, Jamieson RV, Liebelt J, Ma A, Pachter N, Rajagopalan S, Ravine A, Wilson M, Caruana J, Casella R, Davis M, Edwards S, Archibald A, McGaughran J, Newson AJ, Laing NG, Delatycki MB. Gene selection for the Australian Reproductive Genetic Carrier Screening Project ("Mackenzie's Mission"). Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 29:79-87. [PMID: 32678339 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive genetic carrier screening aims to offer couples information about their chance of having children with certain autosomal recessive and X-linked genetic conditions. We developed a gene list for use in "Mackenzie's Mission", a research project in which 10,000 couples will undergo screening. Criteria for selecting genes were: the condition should be life-limiting or disabling, with childhood onset, such that couples would be likely to take steps to avoid having an affected child; and/or be one for which early diagnosis and intervention would substantially change outcome. Strong evidence for gene-phenotype relationship was required. Candidate genes were identified from OMIM and via review of 23 commercial and published gene lists. Genes were reviewed by 16 clinical geneticists using a standard operating procedure, in a process overseen by a multidisciplinary committee which included clinical geneticists, genetic counselors, an ethicist, a parent of a child with a genetic condition and scientists from diagnostic and research backgrounds. 1300 genes met criteria. Genes associated with non-syndromic deafness and non-syndromic differences of sex development were not included. Our experience has highlighted that gene selection for a carrier screening panel needs to be a dynamic process with ongoing review and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin P Kirk
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, NSW, Australia. .,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia. .,NSW Health Pathology East Genomics Laboratory, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
| | - Royston Ong
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Kirsten Boggs
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Tristan Hardy
- SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Repromed, Dulwich, SA, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Righetti
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Kamien
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology East Genomics Laboratory, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madhura Bakshi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Clara W T Chung
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison Colley
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Children's Hospital Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jan Liebelt
- South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alan Ma
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Pachter
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sulekha Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Anja Ravine
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Genomic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jade Caruana
- Australian Genomics Health Alliance, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Mark Davis
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha Edwards
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Alison Archibald
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie McGaughran
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ainsley J Newson
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine & Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Health Ethics, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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29
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Grigg JR, Hooper CY, Fraser CL, Cornish EE, McCluskey PJ, Jamieson RV. Outcome measures in juvenile X-linked retinoschisis: A systematic review. Eye (Lond) 2020; 34:1760-1769. [PMID: 32313171 PMCID: PMC7608480 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is a leading cause of hereditary juvenile macular degeneration in males resulting in significant vision impairment. Outcome measures to monitor disease progression or therapeutic interventions have evolved with technology. A systematic review was undertaken to evaluate outcome measures for XLRS. Inclusion criteria were all publications examining outcome measures for natural history studies or following an interventional approach for patients with XLRS. Studies which did not present follow-up data were excluded. We searched medical databases including CENTRAL, Ovid Medline, pre-Medline and ahead of Print up to February 2019. Two authors independently assessed the risk of bias. Twelve studies meet the inclusion criteria with four prospective and eight retrospective case series. Five series were natural history observational studies and seven were interventional series using either topical or systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Visual acuity (VA) declined very slowly in the natural history studies equivalent to 0.22-0.5 letters per year. Five of the six interventional studies showed an improvement in VA and four a reduction in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) parameters for central macular thickness (CMT). The full-field electroretinogram identified the 30-Hz latency as a further parameter to monitor function. VA was the measure most likely to show a statistically significant outcome. How functionally meaningful this is, requires further evaluation. CMT SD-OCT outcomes are variable depending on cystic changes. More refined measures are required to better correlate structure with function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Grigg
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia. .,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Sydney Eye Hospital, Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Claire Y Hooper
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare L Fraser
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital, Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisa E Cornish
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital, Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J McCluskey
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital, Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, 8 Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine and Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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30
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Williams LB, Javed A, Sabri A, Morgan DJ, Huff CD, Grigg JR, Heng XT, Khng AJ, Hollink IHIM, Morrison MA, Owen LA, Anderson K, Kinard K, Greenlees R, Novacic D, Nida Sen H, Zein WM, Rodgers GM, Vitale AT, Haider NB, Hillmer AM, Ng PC, Shankaracharya, Cheng A, Zheng L, Gillies MC, van Slegtenhorst M, van Hagen PM, Missotten TOAR, Farley GL, Polo M, Malatack J, Curtin J, Martin F, Arbuckle S, Alexander SI, Chircop M, Davila S, Digre KB, Jamieson RV, DeAngelis MM. ALPK1 missense pathogenic variant in five families leads to ROSAH syndrome, an ocular multisystem autosomal dominant disorder. Genet Med 2019; 21:2103-2115. [PMID: 30967659 PMCID: PMC6752478 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the molecular cause in five unrelated families with a distinct autosomal dominant ocular systemic disorder we called ROSAH syndrome due to clinical features of retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and migraine headache. Methods Independent discovery exome and genome sequencing in families 1, 2, and 3, and confirmation in families 4 and 5. Expression of wild-type messenger RNA and protein in human and mouse tissues and cell lines. Ciliary assays in fibroblasts from affected and unaffected family members. Results We found the heterozygous missense variant in the ɑ-kinase gene, ALPK1, (c.710C>T, [p.Thr237Met]), segregated with disease in all five families. All patients shared the ROSAH phenotype with additional low-grade ocular inflammation, pancytopenia, recurrent infections, and mild renal impairment in some. ALPK1 was notably expressed in retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and optic nerve, with immunofluorescence indicating localization to the basal body of the connecting cilium of the photoreceptors, and presence in the sweat glands. Immunocytofluorescence revealed expression at the centrioles and spindle poles during metaphase, and at the base of the primary cilium. Affected family member fibroblasts demonstrated defective ciliogenesis. Conclusion Heterozygosity for ALPK1, p.Thr237Met leads to ROSAH syndrome, an autosomal dominant ocular systemic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd B Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Asif Javed
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Amin Sabri
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denise J Morgan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John R Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Margaux A Morrison
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Leah A Owen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Krista Kinard
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rebecca Greenlees
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Danica Novacic
- National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Nida Sen
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George M Rodgers
- Department of Hematology, Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Albert T Vitale
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Neena B Haider
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Pauline C Ng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shankaracharya
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anson Cheng
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Linda Zheng
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark C Gillies
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Polo
- Drs. Farley, Polo and Ho, Colonial Heights, VA, USA
| | - James Malatack
- Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Julie Curtin
- Department of Haematology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Arbuckle
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen I Alexander
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan Chircop
- Cell Cycle Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Davila
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kathleen B Digre
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Disciplines of Genomic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Margaret M DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. .,Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. .,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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31
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Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder affecting 1 in 3000 births. This familial tumor predisposition syndrome is diagnosed clinically and affects the skin, bones, and nervous system. Malignant tumors can arise in childhood or adulthood and are the most common cause of mortality in this population. Early diagnosis and management led by a multidisciplinary team remains the standard of care, particularly in the management of optic pathway glioma. Emerging concepts in the genetic patterns of this condition have led to the introduction of new treatment modalities that target the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. In this review, the role of the ophthalmologist and approach to screening for optic pathway glioma are outlined based on previous recommendations. Updates on choroidal involvement, as a diagnostic criterion, will also be discussed, further highlighting the pivotal role of the ophthalmologist in the diagnosis and management of this complex condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Karaconji
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eline Whist
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Disciplines of Paediatrics, Genomic Medicine and Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Save Sight Institute and Eye Genetics Clinics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree P Flaherty
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R B Grigg
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Save Sight Institute and Eye Genetics Clinics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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32
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Sylvester DE, Chen Y, Jamieson RV, Dalla-Pozza L, Byrne JA. Investigation of clinically relevant germline variants detected by next-generation sequencing in patients with childhood cancer: a review of the literature. J Med Genet 2018; 55:785-793. [PMID: 30287599 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition is an important underlying cause of childhood cancer, although the proportion of patients with childhood cancer carrying predisposing pathogenic germline variants is uncertain. This review considers the pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants reported by six studies that used next-generation sequencing to investigate genetic predisposition in selected cohorts of patients with childhood cancer and used incompletely overlapping gene sets for analysis and interpretation. These six studies reported that 8.5%-35.5% of patients with childhood cancer carried clinically relevant germline variants. Analysis of 52 autosomal dominant cancer predisposition genes assumed common to all six studies showed that 5.5%-25.8% of patients with childhood cancer carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in at least one of these genes. When only non-central nervous system solid tumours (excluding adrenocortical carcinomas) were considered, 8.5%-10.3% of the patients carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in at least one of 52 autosomal dominant cancer predisposition genes. There was a lack of concordance between the genotype and phenotype in 33.3%-57.1% of the patients reported with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants, most of which represented variants in autosomal dominant cancer predisposition genes associated with adult onset cancers. In summary, germline genetic testing in patients with childhood cancer requires clear definition of phenotypes and genes considered for interpretation, with potential to inform and broaden childhood cancer predisposition syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne E Sylvester
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuyan Chen
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye & Developmental Genetics Research Group, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luciano Dalla-Pozza
- Cancer Centre for Children, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Byrne
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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33
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Nash BM, Symes R, Goel H, Dinger ME, Bennetts B, Grigg JR, Jamieson RV. NMNAT1 variants cause cone and cone-rod dystrophy. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 26:428-433. [PMID: 29184169 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cone and cone-rod dystrophies (CD and CRD, respectively) are degenerative retinal diseases that predominantly affect the cone photoreceptors. The underlying disease gene is not known in approximately 75% of autosomal recessive cases. Variants in NMNAT1 cause a severe, early-onset retinal dystrophy called Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). We report two patients where clinical phenotyping indicated diagnoses of CD and CRD, respectively. NMNAT1 variants were identified, with Case 1 showing an extremely rare homozygous variant c.[271G > A] p.(Glu91Lys) and Case 2 compound heterozygous variants c.[53 A > G];[769G > A] p.(Asn18Ser);(Glu257Lys). The detailed variant analysis, in combination with the observation of an associated macular atrophy phenotype, indicated that these variants were disease-causing. This report demonstrates that the variants in NMNAT1 may cause CD or CRD associated with macular atrophy. Genetic investigations of the patients with CD or CRD should include NMNAT1 in the genes examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Symes
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Marcel E Dinger
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, and Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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34
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Ma AS, Grigg JR, Prokudin I, Flaherty M, Bennetts B, Jamieson RV. New mutations in GJA8 expand the phenotype to include total sclerocornea. Clin Genet 2017; 93:155-159. [PMID: 28455998 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This project expands the disease spectrum for mutations in GJA8 to include total sclerocornea, rudimentary lenses and microphthalmia, in addition to this gene's previously known role in isolated congenital cataracts. Ophthalmic findings revealed bilateral total sclerocornea in 3 probands, with small abnormal lenses in 2 of the cases, and cataracts and microphthalmia in 1 case. Next-generation sequencing revealed de novo heterozygous mutations affecting the same codon of GJA8 : (c.281G>A; p.(Gly94Glu) and c.280G>C; p.(Gly94Arg)) in 2 of the probands, in addition to the c.151G>A; p.(Asp51Asn) mutation we had previously identified in the third case. In silico analysis predicted all of the mutations to be pathogenic. These cases show that deleterious, heterozygous mutations in GJA8 can lead to a severe ocular phenotype of total sclerocornea, abnormal lenses, and/or cataracts with or without microphthalmia, broadening the phenotype associated with this gene. GJA8 should be included when investigating patients with the severe anterior segment abnormality of total sclerocornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ma
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J R Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - I Prokudin
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Flaherty
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - B Bennetts
- Disciplines of Genetic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - R V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Disciplines of Genetic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Zheng L, Do HHJ, Sandercoe T, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Changing patterns in paediatric optic atrophy aetiology: 1979 to 2015. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 44:574-581. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead Australia
| | - Helen Hyun-Jin Do
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Trent Sandercoe
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Group; Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead Australia
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead Australia
- Eye Genetics Research Group; Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead Australia
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Ma AS, Grigg JR, Ho G, Prokudin I, Farnsworth E, Holman K, Cheng A, Billson FA, Martin F, Fraser C, Mowat D, Smith J, Christodoulou J, Flaherty M, Bennetts B, Jamieson RV. Sporadic and Familial Congenital Cataracts: Mutational Spectrum and New Diagnoses Using Next-Generation Sequencing. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:371-84. [PMID: 26694549 PMCID: PMC4787201 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Congenital cataracts are a significant cause of lifelong visual loss. They may be isolated or associated with microcornea, microphthalmia, anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) and glaucoma, and there can be syndromic associations. Genetic diagnosis is challenging due to marked genetic heterogeneity. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 32 cataract-associated genes was undertaken in 46 apparently nonsyndromic congenital cataract probands, around half sporadic and half familial cases. We identified pathogenic variants in 70% of cases, and over 68% of these were novel. In almost two-thirds (20/33) of these cases, this resulted in new information about the diagnosis and/or inheritance pattern. This included identification of: new syndromic diagnoses due to NHS or BCOR mutations; complex ocular phenotypes due to PAX6 mutations; de novo autosomal-dominant or X-linked mutations in sporadic cases; and mutations in two separate cataract genes in one family. Variants were found in the crystallin and gap junction genes, including the first report of severe microphthalmia and sclerocornea associated with a novel GJA8 mutation. Mutations were also found in rarely reported genes including MAF, VIM, MIP, and BFSP1. Targeted NGS in presumed nonsyndromic congenital cataract patients provided significant diagnostic information in both familial and sporadic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S. Ma
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Clinical GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Healthand Discipline of Genetic MedicineSydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - John R. Grigg
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of OphthalmologySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Gladys Ho
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ivan Prokudin
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Elizabeth Farnsworth
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Katherine Holman
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Anson Cheng
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Frank A. Billson
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of OphthalmologySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Frank Martin
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of OphthalmologySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Clare Fraser
- Discipline of OphthalmologySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - David Mowat
- Department of Medical GeneticsSydney Children's HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - James Smith
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Healthand Discipline of Genetic MedicineSydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of OphthalmologySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Healthand Discipline of Genetic MedicineSydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Molecular GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye Genetics ResearchThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSave Sight InstituteChildren's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Clinical GeneticsThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Western Sydney Genetics ProgramThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Healthand Discipline of Genetic MedicineSydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Greenlees R, Mihelec M, Yousoof S, Speidel D, Wu SK, Rinkwitz S, Prokudin I, Perveen R, Cheng A, Ma A, Nash B, Gillespie R, Loebel DA, Clayton-Smith J, Lloyd IC, Grigg JR, Tam PP, Yap AS, Becker TS, Black GC, Semina E, Jamieson RV. Mutations inSIPA1L3cause eye defects through disruption of cell polarity and cytoskeleton organization. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:5789-804. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Zagora SL, Funnell CL, Martin FJ, Smith JEH, Hing S, Billson FA, Veillard AS, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Primary congenital glaucoma outcomes: lessons from 23 years of follow-up. Am J Ophthalmol 2015; 159:788-96. [PMID: 25634533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine in primary congenital glaucoma whether age of presentation influences surgical success, the degrees of angle surgery needed to achieve glaucoma control, and whether there are critical ages where glaucoma progresses, requiring further surgical management. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS The medical records of patients with primary congenital glaucoma over a 23-year period were reviewed: 192 procedures were performed on 117 eyes (70 patients). The number and age of angle procedures and final visual acuity was analyzed. Surgical success was defined as stable intraocular pressure and optic disc appearance. RESULTS Procedures involving 83 of the 110 eyes (75.5%) undergoing angle surgery were successful, with 2-, 4-, 6-, and 10-year success rates of 92%, 86%, 84%, and 75%, respectively. Subgroup analysis (<3 months; 3-6 months; >6 months) comparing age of diagnosis to visual outcome (<20/200, 20/200-20/40, >20/40) was significant (P = .04). The age at first operation (P = .94), the number of angle operations (P = .43), and their effect on angle surgery success was not significant. Seven of 192 operations were performed after the age of 8 years (3.6%). After the initial angle surgeries within the first year of life, the third procedure occurred at a median age of 2.4 years (interquartile ratio [IQR] 0.6-3.8 years) and the fourth procedure occurred at a median age of 5.3 years (IQR 2.5-6.1 years). CONCLUSIONS Children diagnosed at <3 months of age had a visual outcome of <20/200 despite successful glaucoma control. Age of presentation did not affect surgical success. A total of 78.9% of cases undergoing primary trabeculotomy were controlled with 1 operation: 4 clock hours of angle (120 degrees). Analysis of glaucoma progression suggests critical ages where further glaucoma surgery is required at around 2 and 5 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia L Zagora
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Charlotte L Funnell
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals, National Hospital Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J Martin
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James E H Smith
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Hing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Francis A Billson
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne-Sophie Veillard
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Retinal dystrophies (RDs) are degenerative diseases of the retina which have marked clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Common presentations among these disorders include night or colour blindness, tunnel vision and subsequent progression to complete blindness. The known causative disease genes have a variety of developmental and functional roles with mutations in more than 120 genes shown to be responsible for the phenotypes. In addition, mutations within the same gene have been shown to cause different disease phenotypes, even amongst affected individuals within the same family highlighting further levels of complexity. The known disease genes encode proteins involved in retinal cellular structures, phototransduction, the visual cycle, and photoreceptor structure or gene regulation. This review aims to demonstrate the high degree of genetic complexity in both the causative disease genes and their associated phenotypes, highlighting the more common clinical manifestation of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The review also provides insight to recent advances in genomic molecular diagnosis and gene and cell-based therapies for the RDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Nash
- 1 Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 2 Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dale C Wright
- 1 Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 2 Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- 1 Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 2 Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- 1 Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 2 Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- 1 Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 2 Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Prokudin I, Li D, He S, Guo Y, Goodwin L, Wilson M, Rose L, Tian L, Chen Y, Liang J, Keating B, Xu X, Jamieson RV, Hakonarson H. Value of whole exome sequencing for syndromic retinal dystrophy diagnosis in young patients. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2014; 43:132-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Prokudin
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Eye Genetics Group; Children's Medical Research Institute; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Sijie He
- BGI-Shenzhen; Shenzhen China
- BGI Education Center; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen China
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Applied Genomics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Linda Goodwin
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Nepean Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Loreto Rose
- Ophthalmology Department; Macquarie University Hospital; Macquarie University; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Center for Applied Genomics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | | | | | - Brendan Keating
- Division of Human Genetics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Pediatrics; The Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen; Shenzhen China
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Eye Genetics Group; Children's Medical Research Institute; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Disciplines of Paediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Division of Human Genetics; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Pediatrics; The Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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41
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Utami KH, Hillmer AM, Aksoy I, Chew EGY, Teo ASM, Zhang Z, Lee CWH, Chen PJ, Seng CC, Ariyaratne PN, Rouam SL, Soo LS, Yousoof S, Prokudin I, Peters G, Collins F, Wilson M, Kakakios A, Haddad G, Menuet A, Perche O, Tay SKH, Sung KWK, Ruan X, Ruan Y, Liu ET, Briault S, Jamieson RV, Davila S, Cacheux V. Detection of chromosomal breakpoints in patients with developmental delay and speech disorders. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90852. [PMID: 24603971 PMCID: PMC3946304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Delineating candidate genes at the chromosomal breakpoint regions in the apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements (ABCR) has been shown to be more effective with the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. We employed a large-insert (7-11 kb) paired-end tag sequencing technology (DNA-PET) to systematically analyze genome of four patients harbouring cytogenetically defined ABCR with neurodevelopmental symptoms, including developmental delay (DD) and speech disorders. We characterized structural variants (SVs) specific to each individual, including those matching the chromosomal breakpoints. Refinement of these regions by Sanger sequencing resulted in the identification of five disrupted genes in three individuals: guanine nucleotide binding protein, q polypeptide (GNAQ), RNA-binding protein, fox-1 homolog (RBFOX3), unc-5 homolog D (C.elegans) (UNC5D), transmembrane protein 47 (TMEM47), and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). Among them, XIAP is the causative gene for the immunodeficiency phenotype seen in the patient. The remaining genes displayed specific expression in the fetal brain and have known biologically relevant functions in brain development, suggesting putative candidate genes for neurodevelopmental phenotypes. This study demonstrates the application of NGS technologies in mapping individual gene disruptions in ABCR as a resource for deciphering candidate genes in human neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kagistia H. Utami
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Axel M. Hillmer
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Irene Aksoy
- Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elaine G. Y. Chew
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Audrey S. M. Teo
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenshui Zhang
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charlie W. H. Lee
- Computational and Mathematical Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pauline J. Chen
- Computational and Mathematical Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chan Chee Seng
- Scientific & Research Computing, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pramila N. Ariyaratne
- Computational and Mathematical Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sigrid L. Rouam
- Computational and Mathematical Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lim Seong Soo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saira Yousoof
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Children’s Medical Research Institute and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Disciplines of Paediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ivan Prokudin
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Children’s Medical Research Institute and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Disciplines of Paediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gregory Peters
- Department of Cytogenetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Felicity Collins
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alyson Kakakios
- Department of Immunology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Arnaud Menuet
- Service de Genetique INEM UMR7355 CNRS-University, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Olivier Perche
- Service de Genetique INEM UMR7355 CNRS-University, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Stacey Kiat Hong Tay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ken W. K. Sung
- Computational and Mathematical Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoan Ruan
- Genome Technology and Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yijun Ruan
- Genome Technology and Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edison T. Liu
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvain Briault
- Service de Genetique INEM UMR7355 CNRS-University, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Robyn V. Jamieson
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Children’s Medical Research Institute and Save Sight Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonia Davila
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Valere Cacheux
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Guo Y, Prokudin I, Yu C, Liang J, Xie Y, Flaherty M, Tian L, Crofts S, Wang F, Snyder J, Donaldson C, Abdel-Magid N, Vazquez L, Keating B, Hakonarson H, Wang J, Jamieson RV. Advantage of Whole Exome Sequencing over Allele-Specific and Targeted Segment Sequencing in Detection of Novel TULP1 Mutation in Leber Congenital Amaurosis. Ophthalmic Genet 2014; 36:333-8. [PMID: 24547928 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2014.886269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a severe form of retinal dystrophy with marked underlying genetic heterogeneity. Until recently, allele-specific assays and Sanger sequencing of targeted segments were the only available approaches for attempted genetic diagnosis in this condition. A broader next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategy, such as whole exome sequencing, provides an improved molecular genetic diagnostic capacity for patients with these conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a child with LCA, an allele-specific assay analyzing 135 known LCA-causing variations, followed by targeted segment sequencing of 61 regions in 14 causative genes was performed. Subsequently, exome sequencing was undertaken in the proband, unaffected consanguineous parents and two unaffected siblings. Bioinformatic analysis used two independent pipelines, BWA-GATK and SOAP, followed by Annovar and SnpEff to annotate the variants. RESULTS No disease-causing variants were found using the allele-specific or targeted segment Sanger sequencing assays. Analysis of variants in the exome sequence data revealed a novel homozygous nonsense mutation (c.1081C > T, p.Arg361*) in TULP1, a gene with roles in photoreceptor function where mutations were previously shown to cause LCA and retinitis pigmentosa. The identified homozygous variant was the top candidate using both bioinformatic pipelines. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the value of the broad sequencing strategy of exome sequencing for disease gene identification in LCA, over other existing methods. NGS is particularly beneficial in LCA where there are a large number of causative disease genes, few distinguishing clinical features for precise candidate disease gene selection, and few mutation hotspots in any of the known disease genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Guo
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ivan Prokudin
- b Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia .,c Children's Medical Research Institute , Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Cong Yu
- d College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , Chengdu , PR China .,e BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen , China
| | | | - Yi Xie
- e BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen , China
| | - Maree Flaherty
- f Department of Ophthalmology , The Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Lifeng Tian
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Stephanie Crofts
- f Department of Ophthalmology , The Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Fengxiang Wang
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - James Snyder
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Craig Donaldson
- f Department of Ophthalmology , The Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Nada Abdel-Magid
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Lyam Vazquez
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Brendan Keating
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA .,g Division of Human Genetics , The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA .,h Department of Pediatrics , The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- a Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA .,g Division of Human Genetics , The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA .,h Department of Pediatrics , The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Jun Wang
- e BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen , China .,i Department of Biology , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark .,j King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- b Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia .,c Children's Medical Research Institute , Westmead , Sydney , NSW , Australia .,k Discipline of Ophthalmology & Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia , and.,l Disciplines of Paediatrics and Child Health & Genetic Medicine, University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW , Australia
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43
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Skalicky SE, White AJR, Grigg JR, Martin F, Smith J, Jones M, Donaldson C, Smith JEH, Flaherty M, Jamieson RV. Microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma and associated ocular and systemic features: understanding the spectrum. JAMA Ophthalmol 2014; 131:1517-24. [PMID: 24177921 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma form an interrelated spectrum of congenital eye abnormalities. OBJECTIVE To document the ocular and systemic findings and inheritance patterns in patients with microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma disease to gain insight into the underlying developmental etiologies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective consecutive case series was conducted at a tertiary referral center. Included in the study were 141 patients with microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma disease without a recognized syndromic etiology who attended the Westmead Children's Hospital, Sydney, from 1981-2012. EXPOSURE Cases were grouped on the basis of the presence or absence of an optic fissure closure defect (OFCD); those with OFCD were further subdivided into microphthalmic and nonmicrophthalmic cases. Anophthalmic cases were considered as a separate group. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Associated ocular and systemic abnormalities and inheritance patterns were assessed. RESULTS Of 141 cases, 61 (43%) were microphthalmic non-OFCD (NOFCD), 34 (24%) microphthalmic OFCD, 32 (23%) nonmicrophthalmic coloboma (OFCD), 9 (6%) anophthalmic, and 5 (4%) were unclassified. Sixty-three (45%) had bilateral disease. Eighty-four patients (60%) had an associated ocular abnormality; of these, cataract (P < .001) and posterior segment anomalies (P < .001) were most common in the NOFCD group. Forty-eight (34%) had an associated systemic abnormality, most commonly neurological, musculoskeletal and facial, urological and genital, or cardiac. Neurological abnormalities were most common in the anophthalmic group (P = .003), while urological abnormalities were particularly seen in the OFCD groups (P = .009). Familial cases were identified in both the OFCD and NOFCD groups, with a likely autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in 9 of 10 families. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This series indicated that the OFCD/NOFCD distinction may be useful in guiding evaluation for ocular and systemic associations, as well as the direction and analysis of genetic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon E Skalicky
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J R White
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia2Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia2Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Martin
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeremy Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Jones
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig Donaldson
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia2Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia4Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia5Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Grigg JR, Holder GE, Billson FA, Korsakova M, Jamieson RV. The importance of electrophysiology in revealing a complete homozygous deletion of KCNV2. J AAPOS 2013; 17:641-3. [PMID: 24210337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Visual electrophysiology is an important ancillary investigation in children with poor vision and nystagmus. Cone dystrophy with supranormal rod electroretinogram (KCNV2 retinopathy) has pathognomonic electrophysiology findings that, if identified, direct molecular genetic testing. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with typical electrophysiology findings of KCNV2 retinopathy but with abnormal cone dysfunction compared to other patients with mutations in KCNV2. Molecular genetic testing revealed complete homozygous deletion of KCNV2. To our knowledge, this is the first such report. The greater cone dysfunction seen in this case suggests a phenotypic link to the genetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Grigg
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Prokudin I, Simons C, Grigg JR, Storen R, Kumar V, Phua ZY, Smith J, Flaherty M, Davila S, Jamieson RV. Exome sequencing in developmental eye disease leads to identification of causal variants in GJA8, CRYGC, PAX6 and CYP1B1. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 22:907-15. [PMID: 24281366 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental eye diseases, including cataract/microcornea, Peters anomaly and coloboma/microphthalmia/anophthalmia, are caused by mutations encoding many different signalling and structural proteins in the developing eye. All modes of Mendelian inheritance occur and many are sporadic cases, so provision of accurate recurrence risk information for families and affected individuals is highly challenging. Extreme genetic heterogeneity renders testing for all known disease genes clinically unavailable with traditional methods. We used whole-exome sequencing in 11 unrelated developmental eye disease patients, as it provides a strategy for assessment of multiple disease genes simultaneously. We identified five causative variants in four patients in four different disease genes, GJA8, CRYGC, PAX6 and CYP1B1. This detection rate (36%) is high for a group of patients where clinical testing is frequently not undertaken due to lack of availability and cost. The results affected clinical management in all cases. These variants were detected in the cataract/microcornea and Peters anomaly patients. In two patients with coloboma/microphthalmia, variants in ABCB6 and GDF3 were identified with incomplete penetrance, highlighting the complex inheritance pattern associated with this phenotype. In the coloboma/microphthalmia patients, four other variants were identified in CYP1B1, and CYP1B1 emerged as a candidate gene to be considered as a modifier in coloboma/microphthalmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Prokudin
- 1] Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia [2] Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cas Simons
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- 1] Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia [2] Discipline of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Storen
- 1] Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia [2] Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia [3] Discipline of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vikrant Kumar
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zai Y Phua
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Davila
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- 1] Eye and Developmental Genetics Research Group, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia [2] Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia [3] Discipline of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia [4] Disciplines of Paediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Cederquist GY, Luchniak A, Tischfield MA, Peeva M, Song Y, Menezes MP, Chan WM, Andrews C, Chew S, Jamieson RV, Gomes L, Flaherty M, Grant PE, Gupta ML, Engle EC. An inherited TUBB2B mutation alters a kinesin-binding site and causes polymicrogyria, CFEOM and axon dysinnervation. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:5484-99. [PMID: 23001566 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are essential components of axon guidance machinery. Among β-tubulin mutations, only those in TUBB3 have been shown to cause primary errors in axon guidance. All identified mutations in TUBB2B result in polymicrogyria, but it remains unclear whether TUBB2B mutations can cause axon dysinnervation as a primary phenotype. We have identified a novel inherited heterozygous missense mutation in TUBB2B that results in an E421K amino acid substitution in a family who segregates congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) with polymicrogyria. Diffusion tensor imaging of brains of affected family members reveals aberrations in the trajectories of commissural projection neurons, implying a paucity of homotopic connections. These observations led us to ask whether axon dysinnervation is a primary phenotype, and why the E421K, but not other, TUBB2B substitutions cause CFEOM. Expression of exogenous Tubb2b-E421K in developing callosal projection neurons is sufficient to perturb homotopic connectivity, without affecting neuronal production or migration. Using in vitro biochemical assays and yeast genetics, we find that TUBB2B-E421K αβ-heterodimers are incorporated into the microtubule network where they alter microtubule dynamics and can reduce kinesin localization. These data provide evidence that TUBB2B mutations can cause primary axon dysinnervation. Interestingly, by incorporating into microtubules and altering their dynamic properties, the E421K substitution behaves differently than previously identified TUBB2B substitutions, providing mechanistic insight into the divergence between resulting phenotypes. Together with previous studies, these findings highlight that β-tubulin isotypes function in both conserved and divergent ways to support proper human nervous system development.
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Chang JH, Jang JD, Jamieson RV, Grigg JR. Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy in an Australian Population. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2012; 1:88-90. [PMID: 26107129 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0b013e31824a65b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe the phenotype of Australian patients with a clinical diagnosis of dominant optic atrophy (DOA) and provide long-term follow-up data on its natural history. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. METHODS All patients with the clinical diagnosis of DOA observed during a 30-year period at a single tertiary referral center (Save Sight Institute, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia) with at least 12 months of follow-up were included in the study. Clinical characteristics were assessed with particular attention to change in visual acuity (VA). RESULTS There were 36 patients with DOA from 26 different Australian families. The most common clinical presentation of DOA was insidious onset of visual difficulties beginning in childhood. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis of DOA was 16 (14) years. During a mean follow-up period of 10.6 years (median, 10 years), 44% of study eyes had no change in VA, 35% had reduction of VA by 1 Snellen line, 13% had a reduction of VA by 2 Snellen lines, and 8% of the study eyes had a VA reduction of more than 2 Snellen lines. Six of 36 patients were legally blind at last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS There is considerable heterogeneity in the presenting VA and natural history of DOA between individual patients and within families with DOA, with VA ranging from 6/6 to hand motion perception. This study provides valuable information to aid the clinician counseling the long-term visual outcome in patients with DOA and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Chang
- From the *Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney Eye Hospital Campus, Sydney, New South Wales; †South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide South Australia; and ‡Genetic Eye Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Ng WY, Pasutto F, Bardakjian TM, Wilson MJ, Watson G, Schneider A, Mackey DA, Grigg JR, Zenker M, Jamieson RV. A puzzle over several decades: eye anomalies with FRAS1 and STRA6 mutations in the same family. Clin Genet 2012; 83:162-8. [PMID: 22283518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01851.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fraser syndrome (FS) and microphthalmia syndromic 9 (MCOPS9) are autosomal recessive conditions with distinct, and some overlapping features affecting the ocular, respiratory and cardiac systems. Mutations in FRAS1 and FREM2 occur in FS, and mutations in STRA6 occur in MCOPS9. We report two sibships, in the same family, where four deceased offspring had ocular, respiratory and cardiac abnormalities. Two sibs with microphthalmia had syndactyly and laryngeal stenosis, suggesting a clinical diagnosis of FS. Our results indicate that they were compound heterozygotes for novel FRAS1 mutations, p.Cys729Phe and p.Leu3813Pro. The other two sibs, first cousins to the first sib pair, had anophthalmia, lung hypoplasia and cardiac anomalies, suggesting a retrospective diagnosis of MCOPS9. Our results indicate compound heterozygous STRA6 mutations, a novel frameshift leading to p.Tyr18* and a p.Thr644Met mutation. The one surviving individual from these sibships is heterozygous for the p.Tyr18*STRA6 mutation and has bilateral ocular colobomata and microphthalmia. This work emphasises the need for careful phenotypic characterisation to determine genes for assessment in ocular syndromic conditions. It also indicates that heterozygous STRA6 mutations may rarely contribute to microphthalmia and coloboma.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Ng
- Eye Genetics Research Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Sydney, Australia
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Stark Z, Storen R, Bennetts B, Savarirayan R, Jamieson RV. Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with SOX2 mutation and anophthalmia/microphthalmia in offspring. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:753-6. [PMID: 21326281 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a genetically heterogeneous condition in which patients frequently require assisted reproduction to achieve fertility. In patients with IHH who are otherwise well, no particular increased risk of congenital anomalies in the resultant offspring has been highlighted. Heterozygous mutations in SOX2 are the commonest single-gene cause of anophthalmia/microphthalmia (A/M) and sometimes result in pituitary abnormalities. We report a family with a novel frameshift mutation in the SOX2 transactivation domain, p.Gly280AlafsX91, resulting in bilateral anophthalmia and subtle endocrinological abnormalities in a male sibling, and unilateral microphthalmia in a female sibling. The mutation is present in their mother who has IHH, but has no eye disorders or other anomalies. She underwent assisted reproduction to achieve fertility. This report has important implications for the evaluation of patients with IHH, particularly in the setting of planned infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zornitza Stark
- Genetic Health Services Victoria, and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Weaving L, Mihelec M, Storen R, Sosic D, Grigg JR, Tam PPL, Jamieson RV. Twist2: role in corneal stromal keratocyte proliferation and corneal thickness. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51:5561-70. [PMID: 20574024 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Twist2 is a member of a family of bHLH transcription factors critical for normal mesenchymal proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the authors analyzed the role of Twist2 in the eye and cornea through examination of a Twist2 loss-of-function mouse mutant. METHODS Twist2 expression during eye development in the mouse was investigated using RT-PCR and mRNA slide in situ hybridization. Lineage tracing was performed using Cre reporter mice. Morphometric analyses were performed, and cell proliferation and cell death were investigated by immunohistochemistry using Ki67 and cleaved caspase 3 antibodies, respectively. RESULTS In the mouse, Twist2 is expressed first in the periocular mesenchyme and subsequently in the corneal stroma and endothelium of the developing eye. Loss of Twist2 function leads to corneal thinning and a reduced population of stromal keratocytes. The reduction in the stromal cell population can be traced back to embryonic stages during which the proliferation of stromal progenitor cells is impaired and to the reduced number of proliferating cells in the corneal limbus postnatally. Adult Twist2-null mice display enophthalmia and blepharophimosis. Corneal thinning in mutant mice is not accompanied by glaucoma, an association reported in human patients. CONCLUSIONS Twist2 is required for normal corneal keratocyte proliferation and eyelid morphogenesis in the mouse. Loss of Twist2 function leads to corneal thinning because of the reduction in stromal keratocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Weaving
- Eye Genetics Research Group, Embryology, Children's Medical Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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