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Jo J, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Casanova F, Gobbi M, Hueso LE. Nonvolatile Electric Control of Antiferromagnet CrSBr. Nano Lett 2024; 24:4471-4477. [PMID: 38587318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
van der Waals magnets are emerging as a promising material platform for electric field control of magnetism, offering a pathway toward the elimination of external magnetic fields from spintronic devices. A further step is the integration of such magnets with electrical gating components that would enable nonvolatile control of magnetic states. However, this approach remains unexplored for antiferromagnets, despite their growing significance in spintronics. Here, we demonstrate nonvolatile electric field control of magnetoelectric characteristics in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr. We integrate a CrSBr channel in a flash-memory architecture featuring charge trapping graphene multilayers. The electrical gate operation triggers a nonvolatile 200% change in the antiferromagnetic state of CrSBr resistance by manipulating electron accumulation/depletion. Moreover, the nonvolatile gate modulates the metamagnetic transition field of CrSBr and the magnitude of magnetoresistance. Our findings highlight the potential of manipulating magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic semiconductors in a nonvolatile way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyeon Jo
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Marco Gobbi
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC) Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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2
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Boix-Constant C, Jenkins S, Rama-Eiroa R, Santos EJG, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E. Multistep magnetization switching in orthogonally twisted ferromagnetic monolayers. Nat Mater 2024; 23:212-218. [PMID: 38036623 PMCID: PMC10837074 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The advent of twist engineering in two-dimensional crystals enables the design of van der Waals heterostructures with emergent properties. In the case of magnets, this approach can afford artificial antiferromagnets with tailored spin arrangements. Here we fabricate an orthogonally twisted bilayer by twisting two CrSBr ferromagnetic monolayers with an easy-axis in-plane spin anisotropy by 90°. The magnetotransport properties reveal multistep magnetization switching with a magnetic hysteresis opening, which is absent in the pristine case. By tuning the magnetic field, we modulate the remanent state and coercivity and select between hysteretic and non-hysteretic magnetoresistance scenarios. This complexity pinpoints spin anisotropy as a key aspect in twisted magnetic superlattices. Our results highlight control over the magnetic properties in van der Waals heterostructures, leading to a variety of field-induced phenomena and opening a fruitful playground for creating desired magnetic symmetries and manipulating non-collinear magnetic configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) - Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain
| | - Sarah Jenkins
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ricardo Rama-Eiroa
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elton J G Santos
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) - Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain.
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) - Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain.
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3
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Houmes MJA, Baglioni G, Šiškins M, Lee M, Esteras DL, Ruiz AM, Mañas-Valero S, Boix-Constant C, Baldoví JJ, Coronado E, Blanter YM, Steeneken PG, van der Zant HSJ. Magnetic order in 2D antiferromagnets revealed by spontaneous anisotropic magnetostriction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8503. [PMID: 38129381 PMCID: PMC10739885 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The temperature dependent order parameter provides important information on the nature of magnetism. Using traditional methods to study this parameter in two-dimensional (2D) magnets remains difficult, however, particularly for insulating antiferromagnetic (AF) compounds. Here, we show that its temperature dependence in AF MPS3 (M(II) = Fe, Co, Ni) can be probed via the anisotropy in the resonance frequency of rectangular membranes, mediated by a combination of anisotropic magnetostriction and spontaneous staggered magnetization. Density functional calculations followed by a derived orbital-resolved magnetic exchange analysis confirm and unravel the microscopic origin of this magnetization-induced anisotropic strain. We further show that the temperature and thickness dependent order parameter allows to deduce the material's critical exponents characterising magnetic order. Nanomechanical sensing of magnetic order thus provides a future platform to investigate 2D magnetism down to the single-layer limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits J A Houmes
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabriele Baglioni
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dorye L Esteras
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Alberto M Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Jose J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G Steeneken
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
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4
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Serati de Brito C, Faria Junior PE, Ghiasi TS, Ingla-Aynés J, Rabahi CR, Cavalini C, Dirnberger F, Mañas-Valero S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Zollner K, Fabian J, Schüller C, van der Zant HSJ, Gobato YG. Charge Transfer and Asymmetric Coupling of MoSe 2 Valleys to the Magnetic Order of CrSBr. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 38019289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals heterostructures composed of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides and vdW magnetic materials offer an intriguing platform to functionalize valley and excitonic properties in nonmagnetic TMDs. Here, we report magneto photoluminescence (PL) investigations of monolayer (ML) MoSe2 on the layered A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductor CrSBr under different magnetic field orientations. Our results reveal a clear influence of the CrSBr magnetic order on the optical properties of MoSe2, such as an anomalous linear-polarization dependence, changes of the exciton/trion energies, a magnetic-field dependence of the PL intensities, and a valley g-factor with signatures of an asymmetric magnetic proximity interaction. Furthermore, first-principles calculations suggest that MoSe2/CrSBr forms a broken-gap (type-III) band alignment, facilitating charge transfer processes. The work establishes that antiferromagnetic-nonmagnetic interfaces can be used to control the valley and excitonic properties of TMDs, relevant for the development of opto-spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caique Serati de Brito
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Paulo E Faria Junior
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Talieh S Ghiasi
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Josep Ingla-Aynés
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - César Ricardo Rabahi
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Camila Cavalini
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Florian Dirnberger
- Institute of Applied Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Klaus Zollner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Fabian
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schüller
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yara Galvão Gobato
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
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5
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Jo J, Peisen Y, Yang H, Mañas-Valero S, Baldoví JJ, Lu Y, Coronado E, Casanova F, Bergeret FS, Gobbi M, Hueso LE. Local control of superconductivity in a NbSe 2/CrSBr van der Waals heterostructure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7253. [PMID: 37945570 PMCID: PMC10636142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional magnets and superconductors are emerging as tunable building-blocks for quantum computing and superconducting spintronic devices, and have been used to fabricate all two-dimensional versions of traditional devices, such as Josephson junctions. However, novel devices enabled by unique features of two-dimensional materials have not yet been demonstrated. Here, we present NbSe2/CrSBr van der Waals superconducting spin valves that exhibit infinite magnetoresistance and nonreciprocal charge transport. These responses arise from a unique metamagnetic transition in CrSBr, which controls the presence of localized stray fields suitably oriented to suppress the NbSe2 superconductivity in nanoscale regions and to break time reversal symmetry. Moreover, by integrating different CrSBr crystals in a lateral heterostructure, we demonstrate a superconductive spin valve characterized by multiple stable resistance states. Our results show how the unique physical properties of layered materials enable the realization of high-performance quantum devices based on novel working principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyeon Jo
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Yuan Peisen
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haozhe Yang
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain
| | - Yao Lu
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC) Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - F Sebastian Bergeret
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC) Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC) Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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6
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Zur Y, Noah A, Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Fridman N, Rama-Eiroa R, Huber ME, Santos EJG, Coronado E, Anahory Y. Magnetic Imaging and Domain Nucleation in CrSBr Down to the 2D Limit. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2307195. [PMID: 37702506 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in 2D materials have revealed the potential of van der Waals magnets, and specifically of their magnetic anisotropy that allows applications down to the 2D limit. Among these materials, CrSBr has emerged as a promising candidate, because its intriguing magnetic and electronic properties have appeal for both fundamental and applied research in spintronics or magnonics. In this work, nano-SQUID-on-tip (SOT) microscopy is used to obtain direct magnetic imaging of CrSBr flakes with thicknesses ranging from monolayer (N = 1) to few-layer (N = 5). The ferromagnetic order is preserved down to the monolayer, while the antiferromagnetic coupling of the layers starts from the bilayer case. For odd layers, at zero applied magnetic field, the stray field resulting from the uncompensated layer is directly imaged. The progressive spin reorientation along the out-of-plane direction (hard axis) is also measured with a finite applied magnetic field, allowing evaluation of the anisotropy constant, which remains stable down to the monolayer and is close to the bulk value. Finally, by selecting the applied magnetic field protocol, the formation of Néel magnetic domain walls is observed down to the single-layer limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishay Zur
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Avia Noah
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Nofar Fridman
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Ricardo Rama-Eiroa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH93FD, UK
| | - Martin E Huber
- Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80217, USA
| | - Elton J G Santos
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH93FD, UK
- Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH93FD, UK
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Yonathan Anahory
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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7
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Baglioni G, Šiškins M, Houmes M, Lee M, Shin DH, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Blanter YM, van der Zant HSJ, Steeneken PG. Thermo-Magnetostrictive Effect for Driving Antiferromagnetic Two-Dimensional Material Resonators. Nano Lett 2023; 23:6973-6978. [PMID: 37466285 PMCID: PMC10416344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetostrictive coupling has recently attracted interest as a sensitive method for studying magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) materials by mechanical means. However, its application in high-frequency magnetic actuators and transducers requires rapid modulation of the magnetic order, which is difficult to achieve with external magnets, especially when dealing with antiferromagnets. Here, we optothermally modulate the magnetization in antiferromagnetic 2D material membranes of metal phosphor trisulfides (MPS3), to induce a large high-frequency magnetostrictive driving force. From the analysis of the temperature-dependent resonance amplitude, we provide evidence that the force is due to a thermo-magnetostrictive effect, which significantly increases near the Neél temperature, due to the strong temperature dependence of the magnetization. By studying its angle dependence, we find the effect is observed to follow anisotropic magnetostriction of the crystal lattice. The results show that the thermo-magnetostrictive effect results in a strongly enhanced thermal expansion force near the critical temperature of magnetostrictive 2D materials, which can enable more efficient actuation of nano-magnetomechanical devices and can also provide a route for studying the high-frequency coupling among magnetic, mechanical, and thermodynamic degrees of freedom down to the 2D limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Baglioni
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits Houmes
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Yaroslav M. Blanter
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Herre S. J. van der Zant
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. Steeneken
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
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8
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Marques-Moros F, Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Canet-Ferrer J, Coronado E. Interplay between Optical Emission and Magnetism in the van der Waals Magnetic Semiconductor CrSBr in the Two-Dimensional Limit. ACS Nano 2023; 17:13224-13231. [PMID: 37442121 PMCID: PMC10863932 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The van der Waals semiconductor metamagnet CrSBr offers an ideal platform for studying the interplay between optical and magnetic properties in the two-dimensional limit. Here, we carried out an exhaustive optical characterization of this material by means of temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent photoluminescence (PL) on flakes of different thicknesses down to the monolayer. We found a characteristic emission peak that is quenched upon switching the ferromagnetic layers from an antiparallel to a parallel configuration and exhibits a temperature dependence different from that of the peaks commonly ascribed to excitons. The contribution of this peak to the PL is boosted around 30-40 K, coinciding with the hidden order magnetic transition temperature. Our findings reveal the connection between the optical and magnetic properties via the ionization of magnetic donor vacancies. This behavior enables a useful tool for the optical reading of the magnetic states in atomically thin layers of CrSBr and shows the potential of the design of 2D heterostructures with magnetic and excitonic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universitat de València, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universitat de València, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Josep Canet-Ferrer
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universitat de València, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universitat de València, 46980, Paterna, Spain
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9
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Burzurí E, Martínez-Pérez MJ, Martí-Gastaldo C, Evangelisti M, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Martínez JI, Galan-Mascaros JR, Luis F. A quantum spin liquid candidate isolated in a two-dimensional Co IIRh III bimetallic oxalate network. Chem Sci 2023; 14:3899-3906. [PMID: 37035710 PMCID: PMC10074444 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06407c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an elusive state of matter characterized by the absence of long-range magnetic order, even at zero temperature, and by the presence of exotic quasiparticle excitations. In spite of their relevance for quantum communication, topological quantum computation and the understanding of strongly correlated systems, like high-temperature superconductors, the unequivocal experimental identification of materials behaving as QSLs remains challenging. Here, we present a novel 2D heterometallic oxalate complex formed by high-spin Co(ii) ions alternating with diamagnetic Rh(iii) in a honeycomb lattice. This complex meets the key requirements to become a QSL: a spin ½ ground state for Co(ii), determined by spin-orbit coupling and crystal field, a magnetically-frustrated triangular lattice due to the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations, strongly suppressed direct exchange interactions and the presence of equivalent interfering superexchange paths between Co centres. A combination of electronic paramagnetic resonance, specific heat and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements in a wide range of frequencies and temperatures shows the presence of strong antiferromagnetic correlations concomitant with no signs of magnetic ordering down to 15 mK. These results show that bimetallic oxalates are appealing QSL candidates as well as versatile systems to chemically fine tune key aspects of a QSL, like magnetic frustration and superexchange path geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Burzurí
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid E-28049 Madrid Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera" (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid E-28049 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia C\Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco Madrid Spain
| | - María José Martínez-Pérez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Carlos Martí-Gastaldo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna 46980 Spain
| | - Marco Evangelisti
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna 46980 Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna 46980 Spain
| | - Jesús I Martínez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Galan-Mascaros
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Paisos Catalans 16 Tarragona 43007 Spain
- ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona 08010 Spain
| | - Fernando Luis
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
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10
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Matuszewska O, Battisti T, Ferreira RR, Biot N, Demitri N, Mézière C, Allain M, Sallé M, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Fresta E, Costa RD, Bonifazi D. Tweaking the Optoelectronic Properties of S-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Chemical Oxidation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203115. [PMID: 36333273 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Peri-thiaxanthenothiaxanthene, an S-doped analog of peri-xanthenoxanthene, is used as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) scaffold to tune the molecular semiconductor properties by editing the oxidation state of the S-atoms. Chemical oxidation of peri-thiaxanthenothiaxanthene with H2 O2 led to the relevant sulfoxide and sulfone congeners, whereas electrooxidation gave access to sulfonium-type derivatives forming crystalline mixed valence (MV) complexes. These complexes depicted peculiar molecular and solid-state arrangements with face-to-face π-π stacking organization. Photophysical studies showed a widening of the optical bandgap upon progressive oxidation of the S-atoms, with the bis-sulfone derivative displaying the largest value (E00 =2.99 eV). While peri-thiaxanthenothiaxanthene showed reversible oxidation properties, the sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives mainly showed reductive events, corroborating their n-type properties. Electric measurements of single crystals of the MV complexes exhibited a semiconducting behavior with a remarkably high conductivity at room temperature (10-1 -10-2 S cm-1 and 10-2 -10-3 S cm-1 for the O and S derivatives, respectively), one of the highest reported so far. Finally, the electroluminescence properties of the complexes were tested in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), obtaining the first S-doped mid-emitting PAH-based LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Matuszewska
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Ruben R Ferreira
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cécile Mézière
- MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Magali Allain
- MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Marc Sallé
- MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Elisa Fresta
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Rubén D Costa
- Chair of Biogenic Functional Materials, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Matthiesen M, Hortensius JR, Mañas-Valero S, Kapon I, Dumcenco D, Giannini E, Šiškins M, Ivanov BA, van der Zant HSJ, Coronado E, Kuzmenko AB, Afanasiev D, Caviglia AD. Controlling Magnetism with Light in a Zero Orbital Angular Momentum Antiferromagnet. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:076702. [PMID: 36867817 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.076702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnetic materials feature intrinsic ultrafast spin dynamics, making them ideal candidates for future magnonic devices operating at THz frequencies. A major focus of current research is the investigation of optical methods for the efficient generation of coherent magnons in antiferromagnetic insulators. In magnetic lattices endowed with orbital angular momentum, spin-orbit coupling enables spin dynamics through the resonant excitation of low-energy electric dipoles such as phonons and orbital resonances which interact with spins. However, in magnetic systems with zero orbital angular momentum, microscopic pathways for the resonant and low-energy optical excitation of coherent spin dynamics are lacking. Here, we consider experimentally the relative merits of electronic and vibrational excitations for the optical control of zero orbital angular momentum magnets, focusing on a limit case: the antiferromagnet manganese phosphorous trisulfide (MnPS_{3}), constituted by orbital singlet Mn^{2+} ions. We study the correlation of spins with two types of excitations within its band gap: a bound electron orbital excitation from the singlet orbital ground state of Mn^{2+} into an orbital triplet state, which causes coherent spin precession, and a vibrational excitation of the crystal field that causes thermal spin disorder. Our findings cast orbital transitions as key targets for magnetic control in insulators constituted by magnetic centers of zero orbital angular momentum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Matthiesen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jorrit R Hortensius
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Itzik Kapon
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dumitru Dumcenco
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Giannini
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Boris A Ivanov
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute of Magnetism, National Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education and Science, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Alexey B Kuzmenko
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dmytro Afanasiev
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea D Caviglia
- DQMP-University of Geneva, École de Physique, 24, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Mertens F, Mönkebüscher D, Parlak U, Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Matzer M, Adhikari R, Bonanni A, Coronado E, Kalashnikova AM, Bossini D, Cinchetti M. Ultrafast Coherent THz Lattice Dynamics Coupled to Spins in the van der Waals Antiferromagnet FePS 3. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2208355. [PMID: 36437480 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coherent THz optical lattice and hybridized phonon-magnon modes are triggered by femtosecond laser pulses in the antiferromagnetic van der Waals semiconductor FePS3 . The laser-driven lattice and spin dynamics are investigated in a bulk crystal as well as in a 380 nm-thick exfoliated flake as a function of the excitation photon energy, sample temperature and applied magnetic field. The pump-probe magneto-optical measurements reveal that the amplitude of a coherent phonon mode oscillating at 3.2 THz decreases as the sample is heated up to the Néel temperature. This signal eventually vanishes as the phase transition to the paramagnetic phase occurs, thus revealing its connection to the long-range magnetic order. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the optically triggered 3.2 THz phonon hybridizes with a magnon mode, which is utilized to excite the hybridized phonon-magnon mode optically. These findings open a pathway toward the optical control of coherent THz photo-magnonic dynamics in a van der Waals antiferromagnet, which can be scaled down to the 2D limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mertens
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - David Mönkebüscher
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Umut Parlak
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | - Margherita Matzer
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Rajdeep Adhikari
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Alberta Bonanni
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | | | - Davide Bossini
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mirko Cinchetti
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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13
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Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Ruiz AM, Rybakov A, Konieczny KA, Pillet S, Baldoví JJ, Coronado E. Probing the Spin Dimensionality in Single-Layer CrSBr Van Der Waals Heterostructures by Magneto-Transport Measurements. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2204940. [PMID: 36008364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2D magnetic materials offer unprecedented opportunities for fundamental and applied research in spintronics and magnonics. Beyond the pioneering studies on 2D CrI3 and Cr2 Ge2 Te6 , the field has expanded to 2D antiferromagnets exhibiting different spin anisotropies and textures. Of particular interest is the layered metamagnet CrSBr, a relatively air-stable semiconductor formed by antiferromagnetically-coupled ferromagnetic layers (Tc ∼150 K) that can be exfoliated down to the single-layer. It presents a complex magnetic behavior with a dynamic magnetic crossover, exhibiting a low-temperature hidden-order below T*∼40 K. Here, the magneto-transport properties of CrSBr vertical heterostructures in the 2D limit are inspected. The results demonstrate the marked low-dimensional character of the ferromagnetic monolayer, with short-range correlations above Tc and an Ising-type in-plane anisotropy, being the spins spontaneously aligned along the easy axis b below Tc . By applying moderate magnetic fields along a and c axes, a spin-reorientation occurs, leading to a magnetoresistance enhancement below T*. In multilayers, a spin-valve behavior is observed, with negative magnetoresistance strongly enhanced along the three directions below T*. These results show that CrSBr monolayer/bilayer provides an ideal platform for studying and controlling field-induced phenomena in two-dimensions, offering new insights regarding 2D magnets and their integration into vertical spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Alberto M Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Andrey Rybakov
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | | | | | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
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14
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Ramos M, Marques-Moros F, Esteras DL, Mañas-Valero S, Henríquez-Guerra E, Gadea M, Baldoví JJ, Canet-Ferrer J, Coronado E, Calvo MR. Photoluminescence Enhancement by Band Alignment Engineering in MoS 2/FePS 3 van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:33482-33490. [PMID: 35839147 PMCID: PMC9335528 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Single-layer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (2H-TMDs) display robust excitonic photoluminescence emission, which can be improved by controlled changes to the environment and the chemical potential of the material. However, a drastic emission quench has been generally observed when TMDs are stacked in van der Waals heterostructures, which often favor the nonradiative recombination of photocarriers. Herein, we achieve an enhancement of the photoluminescence of single-layer MoS2 on top of van der Waals FePS3. The optimal energy band alignment of this heterostructure preserves light emission of MoS2 against nonradiative interlayer recombination processes and favors the charge transfer from MoS2, an n-type semiconductor, to FePS3, a p-type narrow-gap semiconductor. The strong depletion of carriers in the MoS2 layer is evidenced by a dramatic increase in the spectral weight of neutral excitons, which is strongly modulated by the thickness of the FePS3 underneath, leading to the increase of photoluminescence intensity. The present results demonstrate the potential for the rational design of van der Waals heterostructures with advanced optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ramos
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Universidad de
Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | | | - Dorye L. Esteras
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Gadea
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Universidad de
Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - José J. Baldoví
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Josep Canet-Ferrer
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - M. Reyes Calvo
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Universidad de
Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
- Instituto
Universitario de Materiales de Alicante (IUMA), Universidad de Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
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15
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Boix-Constant C, García-López V, Navarro-Moratalla E, Clemente-León M, Zafra JL, Casado J, Guinea F, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E. Strain Switching in van der Waals Heterostructures Triggered by a Spin-Crossover Metal-Organic Framework. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2110027. [PMID: 35032055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) provide the possibility of engineering new materials with emergent functionalities that are not accessible in another way. These heterostructures are formed by assembling layers of different materials used as building blocks. Beyond inorganic 2D crystals, layered molecular materials remain still rather unexplored, with only few examples regarding their isolation as atomically thin layers. Here, the family of van der Waals heterostructures is enlarged by introducing a molecular building block able to produce strain: the so-called spin-crossover (SCO). In these metal-organic materials, a spin transition can be induced by applying external stimuli like light, temperature, pressure, or an electric field. In particular, smart vdWHs are prepared in which the electronic and optical properties of the 2D material (graphene and WSe2 ) are clearly switched by the strain concomitant to the spin transition. These molecular/inorganic vdWHs represent the deterministic incorporation of bistable molecular layers with other 2D crystals of interest in the emergent fields of straintronics and band engineering in low-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Víctor García-López
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Efrén Navarro-Moratalla
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Miguel Clemente-León
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - José Luis Zafra
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga, 229071, Spain
| | - Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga, 229071, Spain
| | - Francisco Guinea
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA- Nanociencia), Calle Farady 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
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16
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López-Cabrelles J, Mañas-Valero S, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Bereciartua PJ, Coronado E, Mínguez Espallargas G. A fluorinated 2D magnetic coordination polymer. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1861-1865. [PMID: 35018913 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03734j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we show the versatility of coordination chemistry to design and expand a family of 2D materials by incorporating F groups at the surface of the layers. Through the use of a prefuntionalized organic linker with F groups, it is possible to achieve a layered magnetic material based on Fe(II) centers that are chemically stable in open air, contrary to the known 2D inorganic magnetic materials. The high quality of the single crystals and their robustness allow to fabricate 2D molecular materials by micromechanical exfoliation, preserving the crystalline nature of these layers together with the desired functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Cabrelles
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | | | - Pablo J Bereciartua
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
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17
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Šiškins M, Sokolovskaya E, Lee M, Mañas-Valero S, Davidovikj D, van der Zant HSJ, Steeneken PG. Tunable Strong Coupling of Mechanical Resonance between Spatially Separated FePS 3 Nanodrums. Nano Lett 2022; 22:36-42. [PMID: 34919402 PMCID: PMC8759088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Coupled nanomechanical resonators made of two-dimensional materials are promising for processing information with mechanical modes. However, the challenge for these systems is to control the coupling. Here, we demonstrate strong coupling of motion between two suspended membranes of the magnetic 2D material FePS3. We describe a tunable electromechanical mechanism for control over both the resonance frequency and the coupling strength using a gate voltage electrode under each membrane. We show that the coupling can be utilized for transferring data between drums by amplitude modulation. Finally, we also study the temperature dependence of the coupling and how it is affected by the antiferromagnetic phase transition characteristic of this material. The presented electrical coupling of resonant magnetic 2D membranes holds the promise of transferring mechanical energy over a distance at low electrical power, thus enabling novel data readout and information processing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makars Šiškins
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Email for M.Š.:
| | - Ekaterina Sokolovskaya
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, c/Catedrático
José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Dejan Davidovikj
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Herre S. J. van der Zant
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. Steeneken
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628
CD Delft, The Netherlands
- Email for P.G.S.:
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18
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Dreher P, Wan W, Chikina A, Bianchi M, Guo H, Harsh R, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Martínez-Galera AJ, Hofmann P, Miwa JA, Ugeda MM. Proximity Effects on the Charge Density Wave Order and Superconductivity in Single-Layer NbSe 2. ACS Nano 2021; 15:19430-19438. [PMID: 34846856 PMCID: PMC8717633 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Collective electronic states such as the charge density wave (CDW) order and superconductivity (SC) respond sensitively to external perturbations. Such sensitivity is dramatically enhanced in two dimensions (2D), where 2D materials hosting such electronic states are largely exposed to the environment. In this regard, the ineludible presence of supporting substrates triggers various proximity effects on 2D materials that may ultimately compromise the stability and properties of the electronic ground state. In this work, we investigate the impact of proximity effects on the CDW and superconducting states in single-layer (SL) NbSe2 on four substrates of diverse nature, namely, bilayer graphene (BLG), SL-boron nitride (h-BN), Au(111), and bulk WSe2. By combining low-temperature (340 mK) scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we compare the electronic structure of this prototypical 2D superconductor on each substrate. We find that, even when the electronic band structure of SL-NbSe2 remains largely unaffected by the substrate except when placed on Au(111), where a charge transfer occurs, both the CDW and SC show disparate behaviors. On the insulating h-BN/Ir(111) substrate and the metallic BLG/SiC(0001) substrate, both the 3 × 3 CDW and superconducting phases persist in SL-NbSe2 with very similar properties, which reveals the negligible impact of graphene on these electronic phases. In contrast, these collective electronic phases are severely weakened and even absent on the bulk insulating WSe2 substrate and the metallic single-crystal Au(111) substrate. Our results provide valuable insights into the fragile stability of such electronic ground states in 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dreher
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Wen Wan
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alla Chikina
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marco Bianchi
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Haojie Guo
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Rishav Harsh
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, c/
Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, c/
Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Martínez-Galera
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Insitituto
Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autnoma
de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Philip Hofmann
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jill A. Miwa
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Miguel M. Ugeda
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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19
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Brotons-Alcázar I, Torres-Cavanillas R, Morant-Giner M, Cvikl M, Mañas-Valero S, Forment-Aliaga A, Coronado E. Molecular stabilization of chemically exfoliated bare MnPS 3 layers. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16281-16289. [PMID: 34730586 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02536h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal chalcogenophosphates of general formula MPX3 have attracted recent interest in the field of 2D materials due to the possibility of tuning their properties upon reaching the 2D limit. Several works address this challenge by dry mechanical exfoliation. However, only a few of them use a scalable approach. In this work, we apply a general chemical protocol to exfoliate MnPS3. The method employs in the first step chemical intercalation and liquid phase exfoliation and in the second step the addition of molecules used as capping agents on the inorganic layers. Therefore, molecules of different nature prompt the quality of the exfoliated material and its stabilization in an aqueous solution, opening the possibility of using these functionalized layers in several fields. Here we illustrate this possibility in electrochemistry. Thus, we show that when polyethylenimine is used as the capping agent, it is possible to reach a compromise between the stability of high quality MnPS3 flakes in aqueous suspension and their optimum performance as an electrocatalytic system for HER activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Brotons-Alcázar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Ramón Torres-Cavanillas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Marc Morant-Giner
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Martin Cvikl
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Alicia Forment-Aliaga
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
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20
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López-Cabrelles J, Mañas-Valero S, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Šiškins M, Lee M, Steeneken PG, van der Zant HSJ, Mínguez Espallargas G, Coronado E. Chemical Design and Magnetic Ordering in Thin Layers of 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18502-18510. [PMID: 34723487 PMCID: PMC8587609 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Through rational chemical design, and thanks to the hybrid nature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), it is possible to prepare molecule-based 2D magnetic materials stable at ambient conditions. Here, we illustrate the versatility of this approach by changing both the metallic nodes and the ligands in a family of layered MOFs that allows the tuning of their magnetic properties. Specifically, the reaction of benzimidazole-type ligands with different metal centers (MII = Fe, Co, Mn, Zn) in a solvent-free synthesis produces a family of crystalline materials, denoted as MUV-1(M), which order antiferromagnetically with critical temperatures that depend on M. Furthermore, the incorporation of additional substituents in the ligand results in a novel system, denoted as MUV-8, formed by covalently bound magnetic double layers interconnected by van der Waals interactions, a topology that is very rare in the field of 2D materials and unprecedented for 2D magnets. These layered materials are robust enough to be mechanically exfoliated down to a few layers with large lateral dimensions. Finally, the robustness and crystallinity of these layered MOFs allow the fabrication of nanomechanical resonators that can be used to detect─through laser interferometry─the magnetic order in thin layers of these 2D molecule-based antiferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Cabrelles
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad
de Valencia, c/Catedrático
José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad
de Valencia, c/Catedrático
José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G. Steeneken
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Herre S. J. van der Zant
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad
de Valencia, c/Catedrático
José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad
de Valencia, c/Catedrático
José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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21
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Martín-Vega F, Barrena V, Sánchez-Barquilla R, Fernández-Lomana M, Benito Llorens J, Wu B, Fente A, Perconte Duplain D, Horcas I, López R, Blanco J, Higuera JA, Mañas-Valero S, Jo NH, Schmidt J, Canfield PC, Rubio-Bollinger G, Rodrigo JG, Herrera E, Guillamón I, Suderow H. Simplified feedback control system for scanning tunneling microscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:103705. [PMID: 34717388 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) is one of the most important scanning probe tools available to study and manipulate matter at the nanoscale. In a STM, a tip is scanned on top of a surface with a separation of a few Å. Often, the tunneling current between the tip and the sample is maintained constant by modifying the distance between the tip apex and the surface through a feedback mechanism acting on a piezoelectric transducer. This produces very detailed images of the electronic properties of the surface. The feedback mechanism is nearly always made using a digital processing circuit separate from the user computer. Here, we discuss another approach using a computer and data acquisition through the universal serial bus port. We find that it allows successful ultralow noise studies of surfaces at cryogenic temperatures. We show results on different compounds including a type II Weyl semimetal (WTe2), a quasi-two-dimensional dichalcogenide superconductor (2H-NbSe2), a magnetic Weyl semimetal (Co3Sn2S2), and an iron pnictide superconductor (FeSe).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martín-Vega
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Barrena
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Barquilla
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-Lomana
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Benito Llorens
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beilun Wu
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antón Fente
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Perconte Duplain
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Horcas
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel López
- SEGAINVEX, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Blanco
- SEGAINVEX, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Na Hyun Jo
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Juan Schmidt
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Paul C Canfield
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Gabino Rubio-Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Gabriel Rodrigo
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edwin Herrera
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Guillamón
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hermann Suderow
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Unidad Asociada (UAM/CSIC), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Park S, Barrena V, Mañas-Valero S, Baldoví JJ, Fente A, Herrera E, Mompeán F, García-Hernández M, Rubio Á, Coronado E, Guillamón I, Yeyati AL, Suderow H. Coherent coupling between vortex bound states and magnetic impurities in 2D layered superconductors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4668. [PMID: 34344878 PMCID: PMC8333272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bound states in superconductors are expected to exhibit a spatially resolved electron-hole asymmetry which is the hallmark of their quantum nature. This asymmetry manifests as oscillations at the Fermi wavelength, which is usually tiny and thus washed out by thermal broadening or by scattering at defects. Here we demonstrate theoretically and confirm experimentally that, when coupled to magnetic impurities, bound states in a vortex core exhibit an emergent axial electron-hole asymmetry on a much longer scale, set by the coherence length. We study vortices in 2H-NbSe2 and in 2H-NbSe1.8S0.2 with magnetic impurities, characterizing these with detailed Hubbard-corrected density functional calculations. We find that the induced electron-hole imbalance depends on the band character of the superconducting material. Our results show that coupling between quantum bound states in superconductors is remarkably robust and has a strong influence in tunneling measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghun Park
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Barrena
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Unidad Asociada UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Paterna, Spain
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Paterna, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antón Fente
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Unidad Asociada UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edwin Herrera
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Unidad Asociada UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Mompeán
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar García-Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC & DIPC, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Paterna, Spain
| | - Isabel Guillamón
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Unidad Asociada UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Levy Yeyati
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hermann Suderow
- Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas y Altos Campos Magnéticos, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Unidad Asociada UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Córdoba R, Baldoví JJ, Rubio Á, Coronado E. Out-of-Plane Transport of 1T-TaS 2/Graphene-Based van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS Nano 2021; 15:11898-11907. [PMID: 34228445 PMCID: PMC8454993 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to their anisotropy, layered materials are excellent candidates for studying the interplay between the in-plane and out-of-plane entanglement in strongly correlated systems. A relevant example is provided by 1T-TaS2, which exhibits a multifaceted electronic and magnetic scenario due to the existence of several charge density wave (CDW) configurations. It includes quantum hidden phases, superconductivity and exotic quantum spin liquid (QSL) states, which are highly dependent on the out-of-plane stacking of the CDW. In this system, the interlayer stacking of the CDW is crucial for interpreting the underlying electronic and magnetic phase diagram. Here, atomically thin-layers of 1T-TaS2 are integrated in vertical van der Waals heterostructures based on few-layers graphene contacts and their electrical transport properties are measured. Different activation energies in the conductance and a gap at the Fermi level are clearly observed. Our experimental findings are supported by fully self-consistent DFT+U calculations, which evidence the presence of an energy gap in the few-layer limit, not necessarily coming from the formation of out-of-plane spin-paired bilayers at low temperatures, as previously proposed for the bulk. These results highlight dimensionality as a key effect for understanding quantum materials as 1T-TaS2, enabling the possible experimental realization of low-dimensional QSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Rosa Córdoba
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - José J. Baldoví
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Ángel Rubio
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat
de València, Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
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24
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Afanasiev D, Hortensius JR, Matthiesen M, Mañas-Valero S, Šiškins M, Lee M, Lesne E, van der Zant HSJ, Steeneken PG, Ivanov BA, Coronado E, Caviglia AD. Controlling the anisotropy of a van der Waals antiferromagnet with light. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabf3096. [PMID: 34078601 PMCID: PMC8172129 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals magnets provide an ideal playground to explore the fundamentals of low-dimensional magnetism and open opportunities for ultrathin spin-processing devices. The Mermin-Wagner theorem dictates that as in reduced dimensions isotropic spin interactions cannot retain long-range correlations, the long-range spin order is stabilized by magnetic anisotropy. Here, using ultrashort pulses of light, we control magnetic anisotropy in the two-dimensional van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS3 Tuning the photon energy in resonance with an orbital transition between crystal field split levels of the nickel ions, we demonstrate the selective activation of a subterahertz magnon mode with markedly two-dimensional behavior. The pump polarization control of the magnon amplitude confirms that the activation is governed by the photoinduced magnetic anisotropy axis emerging in response to photoexcitation of ground state electrons to states with a lower orbital symmetry. Our results establish pumping of orbital resonances as a promising route for manipulating magnetic order in low-dimensional (anti)ferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Afanasiev
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
- Department of Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jorrit R Hortensius
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Mattias Matthiesen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Makars Šiškins
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Edouard Lesne
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Peter G Steeneken
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Boris A Ivanov
- Institute of Magnetism, National Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education and Science, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Andrea D Caviglia
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands
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25
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Šiškins M, Lee M, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Blanter YM, van der Zant HSJ, Steeneken PG. Magnetic and electronic phase transitions probed by nanomechanical resonators. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2698. [PMID: 32483113 PMCID: PMC7264344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduced dimensionality of two-dimensional (2D) materials results in characteristic types of magnetically and electronically ordered phases. However, only few methods are available to study this order, in particular in ultrathin insulating antiferromagnets that couple weakly to magnetic and electronic probes. Here, we demonstrate that phase transitions in thin membranes of 2D antiferromagnetic FePS3, MnPS3 and NiPS3 can be probed mechanically via the temperature-dependent resonance frequency and quality factor. The observed relation between mechanical motion and antiferromagnetic order is shown to be mediated by the specific heat and reveals a strong dependence of the Néel temperature of FePS3 on electrostatically induced strain. The methodology is not restricted to magnetic order, as we demonstrate by probing an electronic charge-density-wave phase in 2H-TaS2. It thus offers the potential to characterize phase transitions in a wide variety of materials, including those that are antiferromagnetic, insulating or so thin that conventional bulk characterization methods become unsuitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makars Šiškins
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin Lee
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter G Steeneken
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands. .,Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
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26
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Souto M, Calbo J, Mañas-Valero S, Walsh A, Mínguez Espallargas G. Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal-organic framework. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2019; 10:1883-1893. [PMID: 31598454 PMCID: PMC6774073 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The design of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporating electroactive guest molecules in the pores has become a subject of great interest in order to obtain additional electrical functionalities within the framework while maintaining porosity. Understanding the charge-transfer (CT) process between the framework and the guest molecules is a crucial step towards the design of new electroactive MOFs. Herein, we present the encapsulation of fullerenes (C60) in a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based MOF. The CT process between the electron-acceptor C60 guest and the electron-donor TTF ligand is studied in detail by means of different spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Importantly, gas sorption measurements demonstrate that sorption capacity is maintained after encapsulation of fullerenes, whereas the electrical conductivity is increased by two orders of magnitude due to the CT interactions between C60 and the TTF-based framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Souto
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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27
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Castells-Gil J, Mañas-Valero S, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Ananias D, Rocha J, Santiago R, Bromley ST, Baldoví JJ, Coronado E, Souto M, Mínguez Espallargas G. Electronic, Structural and Functional Versatility in Tetrathiafulvalene-Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2019; 25:12636-12643. [PMID: 31350922 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tetrathiafulvalene-lanthanide (TTF-Ln) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an interesting class of multifunctional materials in which porosity can be combined with electronic properties such as electrical conductivity, redox activity, luminescence and magnetism. Herein a new family of isostructural TTF-Ln MOFs is reported, denoted as MUV-5(Ln) (Ln=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er), exhibiting semiconducting properties as a consequence of the short intermolecular S⋅⋅⋅S contacts established along the chain direction between partially oxidised TTF moieties. In addition, this family shows photoluminescence properties and single-molecule magnetic behaviour, finding near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence in the Yb/Er derivative and slow relaxation of the magnetisation in the Dy and Er derivatives. As such properties are dependent on the electronic structure of the lanthanide ion, the immense structural, electronic and functional versatility of this class of materials is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Castells-Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Duarte Ananias
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Rocha
- Department of Chemistry and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raul Santiago
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan T Bromley
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J Baldoví
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Manuel Souto
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/ Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
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28
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Grasset R, Gallais Y, Sacuto A, Cazayous M, Mañas-Valero S, Coronado E, Méasson MA. Pressure-Induced Collapse of the Charge Density Wave and Higgs Mode Visibility in 2H-TaS_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:127001. [PMID: 30978099 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pressure evolution of the Raman active electronic excitations of the transition metal dichalcogenides 2H-TaS_{2} is followed through the pressure phase diagram embedding incommensurate charge-density-wave and superconducting states. At high pressure, the charge-density wave is found to collapse at 8.5 GPa. In the coexisting charge-density-wave and superconducting orders, we unravel a strong in-gap superconducting mode, attributed to a Higgs mode, coexisting with the expected incoherent Cooper-pair breaking signature. The latter remains in the pure superconducting state reached above 8.5 GPa. Our report constitutes a new observation of such Raman active Higgs mode since the long-standing unique case 2H-NbSe_{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Grasset
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR No. 7162, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Yann Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR No. 7162, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alain Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR No. 7162, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Maximilien Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR No. 7162, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Catedratico José Beltran Martinez, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Catedratico José Beltran Martinez, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Marie-Aude Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR No. 7162, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
- Institut NEEL CNRS/UGA UPR2940, MCBT, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
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29
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Galbiati M, Vecchiola A, Mañas-Valero S, Canet-Ferrer J, Galceran R, Piquemal-Banci M, Godel F, Forment-Aliaga A, Dlubak B, Seneor P, Coronado E. A Local Study of the Transport Mechanisms in MoS 2 Layers for Magnetic Tunnel Junctions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:30017-30021. [PMID: 30079721 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MoS2-based vertical spintronic devices have attracted an increasing interest thanks to theoretical predictions of large magnetoresistance signals. However, experimental performances are still far from expectations. Here, we carry out the local electrical characterization of thin MoS2 flakes in a Co/Al2O3/MoS2 structure through conductive tip AFM measurements. We show that thin MoS2 presents a metallic behavior with a strong lateral transport contribution that hinders the direct tunnelling through thin layers. Indeed, no resistance dependence is observed with the flake thickness. These findings reveal a spin depolarization source in the MoS2-based spin valves, thus pointing to possible solutions to improve their spintronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Galbiati
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2 , Paterna 46980 , Spain
| | - Aymeric Vecchiola
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2 , Paterna 46980 , Spain
| | - Josep Canet-Ferrer
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2 , Paterna 46980 , Spain
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Barcelona 08860 , Spain
| | - Regina Galceran
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Maëlis Piquemal-Banci
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Florian Godel
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Alicia Forment-Aliaga
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2 , Paterna 46980 , Spain
| | - Bruno Dlubak
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Pierre Seneor
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales , Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2 , Paterna 46980 , Spain
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30
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López-Cabrelles J, Mañas-Valero S, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Bereciartua PJ, Rodríguez-Velamazán JA, Waerenborgh JC, Vieira BJC, Davidovikj D, Steeneken PG, van der Zant HSJ, Mínguez Espallargas G, Coronado E. Isoreticular two-dimensional magnetic coordination polymers prepared through pre-synthetic ligand functionalization. Nat Chem 2018; 10:1001-1007. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Navarro-Moratalla E, Island JO, Mañas-Valero S, Pinilla-Cienfuegos E, Castellanos-Gomez A, Quereda J, Rubio-Bollinger G, Chirolli L, Silva-Guillén JA, Agraït N, Steele GA, Guinea F, van der Zant HSJ, Coronado E. Enhanced superconductivity in atomically thin TaS2. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11043. [PMID: 26984768 PMCID: PMC5512558 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to exfoliate layered materials down to the single layer limit has presented the opportunity to understand how a gradual reduction in dimensionality affects the properties of bulk materials. Here we use this top–down approach to address the problem of superconductivity in the two-dimensional limit. The transport properties of electronic devices based on 2H tantalum disulfide flakes of different thicknesses are presented. We observe that superconductivity persists down to the thinnest layer investigated (3.5 nm), and interestingly, we find a pronounced enhancement in the critical temperature from 0.5 to 2.2 K as the layers are thinned down. In addition, we propose a tight-binding model, which allows us to attribute this phenomenon to an enhancement of the effective electron–phonon coupling constant. This work provides evidence that reducing the dimensionality can strengthen superconductivity as opposed to the weakening effect that has been reported in other 2D materials so far. As a material's thickness decreases towards the atomic-scale, dimensional confinement may promote behaviour not found in the bulk, with potential technological applications. Here, the authors study superconductivity in TaS2 as it is mechanically exfoliated towards the two-dimensional limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrén Navarro-Moratalla
- Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Joshua O Island
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - Andres Castellanos-Gomez
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Quereda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Gabino Rubio-Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Luca Chirolli
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA- Nanociencia), Calle Farady 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Silva-Guillén
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA- Nanociencia), Calle Farady 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA- Nanociencia), Calle Farady 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Gary A Steele
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco Guinea
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA- Nanociencia), Calle Farady 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Herre S J van der Zant
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Universidad de Valencia (ICMol), Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez n° 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
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32
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Pinilla-Cienfuegos E, Mañas-Valero S, Forment-Aliaga A, Coronado E. Switching the Magnetic Vortex Core in a Single Nanoparticle. ACS Nano 2016; 10:1764-1770. [PMID: 26745548 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Imaging and manipulating the spin structure of nano- and mesoscale magnetic systems is a challenging topic in magnetism, yielding a wide range of spin phenomena such as skyrmions, hedgehog-like spin structures, or vortices. A key example has been provided by the vortex spin texture, which can be addressed in four independent states of magnetization, enabling the development of multibit magnetic storage media. Most of the works devoted to the study of the magnetization reversal mechanisms of the magnetic vortices have been focused on micrometer-size magnetic platelets. Here we report the experimental observation of the vortex state formation and annihilation in individual 25 nm molecular-based magnetic nanoparticles measured by low-temperature variable-field magnetic force microscopy. Interestingly, in these nanoparticles the switching of the vortex core can be induced with very small values of the applied static magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Alicia Forment-Aliaga
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E46980 Paterna, Spain
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33
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Abhervé A, Mañas-Valero S, Clemente-León M, Coronado E. Graphene related magnetic materials: micromechanical exfoliation of 2D layered magnets based on bimetallic anilate complexes with inserted [Fe III(acac 2-trien)] + and [Fe III(sal 2-trien)] + molecules. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4665-4673. [PMID: 28717480 PMCID: PMC5500854 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00957j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The syntheses, structures and magnetic properties of the coordination compounds of formula [FeIII(acac2-trien)][MnIICrIII(Cl2 An)3]·(CH3CN)2 (1), [FeIII(acac2-trien)][MnIICrIII(Br2An)3]·(CH3CN)2 (2) and [GaIII(acac2-trien)][MnIICrIII(Br2An)3]·(CH3CN)2 (3) are reported. They exhibit a 2D anionic network formed by Mn(ii) and Cr(iii) ions linked through anilate ligands, while the [FeIII(acac2-trien)]+ or [GaIII(acac2-trien)]+ charge-compensating cations are placed inside the hexagonal channels of the 2D network, instead of being inserted in the interlamellar spacing. Thus, these crystals are formed by hybrid layers assembled through van der Waals interactions. The magnetic properties indicate that these compounds behave as magnets exhibiting a long-range ferrimagnetic ordering at ca. 11 K, while the inserted Fe(iii) cations remain in the high-spin state. As for graphene, these layered materials can be exfoliated in atomically-thin layers with heights down to 2 nm by using the well-known Scotch tape method. Hence, this micromechanical procedure provides a suitable way to isolate ultrathin layers of this kind of graphene related magnetic materials. Interestingly, this method can also be successfully used to exfoliate the 2D anilate-based compound [FeIII(sal2-trien)][MnIICrIII(Cl2An)3]·solv (4), which exhibits the typical alternated cation/anion layered structure. This result shows that the micromechanical exfoliation method, which has been extensively used for exfoliating van der Waals layered solids, can also be useful for exfoliating layered coordination compounds, even when they are formed by ionic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Abhervé
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universidad de Valencia , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , Paterna , 46980 , Spain . ; ; ; Tel: +34 963544405
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universidad de Valencia , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , Paterna , 46980 , Spain . ; ; ; Tel: +34 963544405
| | - Miguel Clemente-León
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universidad de Valencia , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , Paterna , 46980 , Spain . ; ; ; Tel: +34 963544405
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universidad de Valencia , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , Paterna , 46980 , Spain . ; ; ; Tel: +34 963544405
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