1
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Šilhavík M, Kumar P, Levinský P, Zafar ZA, Hejtmánek J, Červenka J. Anderson Localization of Phonons in Thermally Superinsulating Graphene Aerogels with Metal-Like Electrical Conductivity. Small Methods 2024:e2301536. [PMID: 38577909 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In the quest to improve energy efficiency and design better thermal insulators, various engineering strategies have been extensively investigated to minimize heat transfer through a material. Yet, the suppression of thermal transport in a material remains elusive because heat can be transferred by multiple energy carriers. Here, the realization of Anderson localization of phonons in a random 3D elastic network of graphene is reported. It is shown that thermal conductivity in a cellular graphene aerogel can be drastically reduced to 0.9 mW m-1 K-1 by the application of compressive strain while keeping a high metal-like electrical conductivity of 120 S m-1 and ampacity of 0.9 A. The experiments reveal that the strain can cause phonon localization over a broad compression range. The remaining heat flow in the material is dominated by charge transport. Conversely, electrical conductivity exhibits a gradual increase with increasing compressive strain, opposite to the thermal conductivity. These results imply that strain engineering provides the ability to independently tune charge and heat transport, establishing a new paradigm for controlling phonon and charge conduction in solids. This approach will enable the development of a new type of high-performance insulation solutions and thermally superinsulating materials with metal-like electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Šilhavík
- Department of Thin Films and Nanostructures, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Department of Thin Films and Nanostructures, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Levinský
- Department of Magnetics and Superconductors, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zahid Ali Zafar
- Department of Thin Films and Nanostructures, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hejtmánek
- Department of Magnetics and Superconductors, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Červenka
- Department of Thin Films and Nanostructures, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
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2
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Li M, Li Z, Chen H, Wang W. Phonon Pseudoangular Momentum in α-MoO 3. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:607. [PMID: 38607141 PMCID: PMC11013176 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent studies, it has been discovered that phonons can carry angular momentum, leading to a series of investigations into systems with three-fold rotation symmetry. However, for systems with two-fold screw rotational symmetry, such as α-MoO3, there has been no relevant discussion. In this paper, we investigated the pseudoangular momentum of phonons in crystals with two-fold screw rotational symmetry. Taking α-MoO3 as an example, we explain the selection rules in circularly polarized Raman experiments resulting from pseudoangular momentum conservation, providing important guidance for experiments. This study of pseudoangular momentum in α-MoO3 opens up a new degree of freedom for its potential applications, expanding into new application domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Li
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Zhibing Li
- School of Science, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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3
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Song J, Sun M. Modulating Thermoelectric Properties of the MoSe 2/WSe 2 Superlattice Heterostructure by Twist Angles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:3325-3333. [PMID: 38190725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In the current era of limited resources, the matter of energy conversion holds significant importance. Thermoelectric materials possess the ability to transform thermal energy into electric power. Achieving an impressive thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) necessitates the presence of a high power factor alongside low thermal conductivity. Stimulated by recent experimental reports on the in-plane lateral MoSe2/WSe2 heterostructure in the application thermoelectric device [Zhang Y. et al., Simultaneous electrical and thermal rectification in a monolayer lateral heterojunction. Science 2022, 378, 169], in this study, the method of twisting angle is used to modulate the energy bands of van der Waals MoSe2/WSe2 superlattice heterostructures to optimize the carrier concentration, band gap, electric conductance, thermal conductivity, and ZT of the heterostructure. The 21.79° twisted heterostructures among different twisting-angle heterostructures benefit from both the high power factor and low thermal conductivity, ultimately leading to significantly improved ZT compared to the untwisted counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhe Song
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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4
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Scheppe AD, Pak MV. Perturbing finite temperature multicomponent DFT 1D Kohn-Sham systems: Peierls gap & Kohn anomaly. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 36:075401. [PMID: 37921113 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad08eb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges when designing new technologies that make use of non-trivial quantum materials is the difficulty associated with predicting material-specific properties, such as critical temperature, gap parameter, etc. There is naturally a great amount of interest in these types of condensed matter systems because of their application to quantum sensing, quantum electronics, and quantum computation; however, they are exceedingly difficult to address from first principles because of the famous many-body problem. For this reason, a full electron-nuclear quantum calculation will likely remain completely out of reach for the foreseeable future. A practical alternative is provided by finite temperature, multi component density functional theory, which is a formally exact method of computing the equilibrium state energy of a many-body quantum system. In this work, we use this construction alongside a perturbative scheme to demonstrate that the phenomena Peierls effect and Kohn anomaly are both natural features of the Kohn-Sham (KS) equations without additional structure needed. We find the temperature dependent ionic density for a simple 1D lattice which is then used to derive the ionic densities temperature dependent affect on the electronic band structure. This is accomplished by Fourier transforming the ionic density term found within this KS electronic equation. Using the Peierls effect phonon distortion gap openings in relation to the Fermi level, we then perturb the KS ionic equation with a conduction electron density, deriving the Kohn anomaly. This provides a workable predictive strategy for interesting electro-phonon related material properties which could be extended to 2D and 3D real materials while retaining the otherwise complicated temperature dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian D Scheppe
- Department of Physics, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, United States of America
| | - Michael V Pak
- Department of Physics, Air Force Institute of Technology, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, United States of America
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5
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Zhang L, Zhong Y, Li X, Park JH, Song Q, Li L, Guo L, Kong J, Chen G. Effect of Twist Angle on Interfacial Thermal Transport in Two-Dimensional Bilayers. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7790-7796. [PMID: 37638677 PMCID: PMC10510572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Advances in two-dimensional (2D) devices require innovative approaches for manipulating transport properties. Analogous to the electrical and optical responses, it has been predicted that thermal transport across 2D materials can have a similar strong twist-angle dependence. Here, we report experimental evidence deviating from this understanding. In contrast to the large tunability in electrical transport, we measured an unexpected weak twist-angle dependence of interfacial thermal transport in MoS2 bilayers, which is consistent with theoretical calculations. More notably, we confirmed the existence of distinct regimes with weak and strong twist-angle dependencies for thermal transport, where, for example, a much stronger change with twist angles is expected for graphene bilayers. With atomic simulations, the distinct twist-angle effects on different 2D materials are explained by the suppression of long-wavelength phonons via the moiré superlattice. These findings elucidate the unique feature of 2D thermal transport and enable a new design space for engineering thermal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenan Zhang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Zhong
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qichen Song
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Long Li
- Department
of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department
of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gang Chen
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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6
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Shchur Y, Bendak A, Beltramo G, Andrushchak AS, Vitusevich S, Pustovyj D, Sahraoui B, Slyvka Y, Kityk AV. Nanoarhitectonics of Inorganic-Organic Silica-Benzil Composites: Synthesis, Nanocrystal Morphology and Micro-Raman Analysis. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1913. [PMID: 37446429 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of nanosized organic benzil (C6H5CO)2 crystals within the mesoporous SiO2 host matrix was investigated via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and ab initio lattice dynamics analysis. Combining these methods, we have proved that the main structural properties of benzil nanocrystals embedded into SiO2 host membranes with pore diameters of 6.0, 7.8, 9.4, and 13.0 nm are preserved compared to a bulk benzil crystal. Space confinement has an insignificant impact on the lattice vibrational properties of benzil crystals implanted into the host matrices. The ab initio lattice dynamics calculation of the phonon spectrum in the Brillouin zone center shows the mechanical and dynamical stability of benzil lattice, revealing very low optical frequency of 11 cm-1 at point Γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Shchur
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii Str., 79011 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Bendak
- Department of Applied Physics and Nanomaterials Science, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Guillermo Beltramo
- Institute of Biological Information Processing Mechanobiology (IBI-2), Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Anatoliy S Andrushchak
- Department of Applied Physics and Nanomaterials Science, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Svetlana Vitusevich
- Institute of Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Denys Pustovyj
- Institute of Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Bouchta Sahraoui
- LPHIA, SFR MATRIX, University of Angers, 2 Bd. Lavoisier, CEDEX 01, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Yurii Slyvka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyryla i Mefodiya Str., 6, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy V Kityk
- Faculty of the Electrical Engineering, Czȩstochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 17, 42-200 Czȩstochowa, Poland
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7
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Chin HC, Hamzah A, Alias NE, Tan MLP. Modeling the Impact of Phonon Scattering with Strain Effects on the Electrical Properties of MoS 2 Field-Effect Transistors. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1235. [PMID: 37374820 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has distinctive electronic and mechanical properties which make it a highly prospective material for use as a channel in upcoming nanoelectronic devices. An analytical modeling framework was used to investigate the I-V characteristics of field-effect transistors based on MoS2. The study begins by developing a ballistic current equation using a circuit model with two contacts. The transmission probability, which considers both the acoustic and optical mean free path, is then derived. Next, the effect of phonon scattering on the device was examined by including transmission probabilities into the ballistic current equation. According to the findings, the presence of phonon scattering caused a decrease of 43.7% in the ballistic current of the device at room temperature when L = 10 nm. The influence of phonon scattering became more prominent as the temperature increased. In addition, this study also considers the impact of strain on the device. It is reported that applying compressive strain could increase the phonon scattering current by 13.3% at L = 10 nm at room temperature, as evaluated in terms of the electrons' effective masses. However, the phonon scattering current decreased by 13.3% under the same condition due to the existence of tensile strain. Moreover, incorporating a high-k dielectric to mitigate the impact of scattering resulted in an even greater improvement in device performance. Specifically, at L = 6 nm, the ballistic current was surpassed by 58.4%. Furthermore, the study achieved SS = 68.2 mV/dec using Al2O3 and an on-off ratio of 7.75 × 104 using HfO2. Finally, the analytical results were validated with previous works, showing comparable agreement with the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei Chaeng Chin
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Afiq Hamzah
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ezaila Alias
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Michael Loong Peng Tan
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
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8
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Ishibe T, Komatsubara Y, Ishikawa K, Takigawa S, Naruse N, Mera Y, Yamashita Y, Ohishi Y, Nakamura Y. Boosting Thermoelectric Performance in Epitaxial GeTe Film/Si by Domain Engineering and Point Defect Control. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37191696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a simultaneous realization of ultralow thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric power factor in epitaxial GeTe thin films/Si substrates by a combination of the interface introduction by domain engineering and the suppression of Ge vacancy generation by point defect control. We formed epitaxial Te-poor GeTe thin films having low-angle grain boundaries with a misorientation angle close to 0° or twin interfaces with a misorientation angle close to 180°. The control of interfaces and point defects gave rise to ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of ∼0.7 ± 0.2 W m-1 K-1. This value was the same in the order of magnitude as the theoretical minimum lattice thermal conductivity of ∼0.5 W m-1 K-1 calculated by the Cahill-Pohl model. At the same time, the GeTe thin films exhibited a high thermoelectric power factor because of the suppression of Ge vacancy generation and a small contribution of grain boundary carrier scattering. The outstanding combined technique of domain engineering and point defect control can be a great approach for developing high-performance thermoelectric films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ishibe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Komatsubara
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kodai Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Sho Takigawa
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Naruse
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mera
- Department of Fundamental Bioscience, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamashita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Yuji Ohishi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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9
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Negi A, Rodriguez A, Zhang X, Comstock AH, Yang C, Sun D, Jiang X, Kumah D, Hu M, Liu J. Thickness-Dependent Thermal Conductivity and Phonon Mean Free Path Distribution in Single-Crystalline Barium Titanate. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2301273. [PMID: 37092575 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized perovskite ferroelectrics are widely employed in several electromechanical, photonics, and thermoelectric applications. Scaling of ferroelectric materials entails a severe reduction in the lattice (phonon) thermal conductivity, particularly at sub-100 nm length scales. Such thermal conductivity reduction can be accurately predicted using the information of phonon mean free path (MFP) distribution. The current understanding of phonon MFP distribution in perovskite ferroelectrics is still inconclusive despite the critical thermal management implications. Here, high-quality single-crystalline barium titanate (BTO) thin films, a representative perovskite ferroelectric material, are grown at several thicknesses. Using experimental thermal conductivity measurements and first-principles based modeling (including four-phonon scattering), the phonon MFP distribution is determined in BTO. The simulation results agree with the measured thickness-dependent thermal conductivity. The results show that the phonons with sub-100 nm MFP dominate the thermal transport in BTO, and phonons with MFP exceeding 10 nm contribute ≈35% to the total thermal conductivity, in significant contrast to previously published experimental results. The experimentally validated phonon MFP distribution is consistent with the theoretical predictions of other complex crystals with strong anharmonicity. This work paves the way for thermal management in nanostructured and ferroelectric-domain-engineered systems for oxide perovskite-based functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Negi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Alejandro Rodriguez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Xuanyi Zhang
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Andrew H Comstock
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Cong Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Divine Kumah
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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10
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Desai DC, Park J, Zhou JJ, Bernardi M. Dominant Two-Dimensional Electron- Phonon Interactions in the Bulk Dirac Semimetal Na 3Bi. Nano Lett 2023; 23:3947-3953. [PMID: 37092857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bulk Dirac semimetals (DSMs) exhibit unconventional transport properties and phase transitions due to their peculiar low-energy band structure, yet the electronic interactions governing nonequilibrium phenomena in DSMs are not fully understood. Here we show that electron-phonon (e-ph) interactions in a prototypical bulk DSM, Na3Bi, are predominantly two-dimensional (2D). Our first-principles calculations reveal a 2D optical phonon with strong e-ph interactions associated with in-plane vibrations of Na atoms. We show that this 2D mode governs e-ph scattering and charge transport in Na3Bi and induces a dynamical phase transition to a Weyl semimetal. Our work advances the quantitative analysis of electron interactions in Na3Bi and reveals a dominant low-dimensional interaction in a bulk Dirac semimetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv C Desai
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jin-Jian Zhou
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Marco Bernardi
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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11
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Posmyk K, Dyksik M, Surrente A, Zalewska K, Śmiertka M, Cybula E, Paritmongkol W, Tisdale WA, Plochocka P, Baranowski M. Fine Structure Splitting of Phonon-Assisted Excitonic Transition in (PEA) 2PbI 4 Two-Dimensional Perovskites. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1119. [PMID: 36986013 PMCID: PMC10053047 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials exhibit particularly strong excitonic effects, which causes them to be an exceptionally interesting platform for the investigation of exciton physics. A notable example is the two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites, where quantum and dielectric confinement together with soft, polar, and low symmetry lattice create a unique background for electron and hole interaction. Here, with the use of polarization-resolved optical spectroscopy, we have demonstrated that the simultaneous presence of tightly bound excitons, together with strong exciton-phonon coupling, allows for observing the exciton fine structure splitting of the phonon-assisted transitions of two-dimensional perovskite (PEA)2PbI4, where PEA stands for phenylethylammonium. We demonstrate that the phonon-assisted sidebands characteristic for (PEA)2PbI4 are split and linearly polarized, mimicking the characteristics of the corresponding zero-phonon lines. Interestingly, the splitting of differently polarized phonon-assisted transitions can be different from that of the zero-phonon lines. We attribute this effect to the selective coupling of linearly polarized exciton states to non-degenerate phonon modes of different symmetries resulting from the low symmetry of (PEA)2PbI4 lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Posmyk
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zalewska
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Śmiertka
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Cybula
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - William A. Tisdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228, Université Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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12
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Jaffe GR, Smith KJ, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Lagally MG, Eriksson MA, Brar VW. Thickness-Dependent Cross-Plane Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Exfoliated Hexagonal Boron Nitride. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:12545-12550. [PMID: 36848224 PMCID: PMC9999343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Submicrometer-thick layers of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) exhibit high in-plane thermal conductivity and useful optical properties, and serve as dielectric encapsulation layers with low electrostatic inhomogeneity for graphene devices. Despite the promising applications of hBN as a heat spreader, the thickness dependence of its cross-plane thermal conductivity is not known, and the cross-plane phonon mean free paths (MFPs) have not been measured. We measure the cross-plane thermal conductivity of hBN flakes exfoliated from bulk crystals. We find that submicrometer thick flakes exhibit thermal conductivities up to 8.1 ± 0.5 W m-1 K-1 at 295 K, which exceeds previously reported bulk values by more than 60%. Surprisingly, the average phonon mean free path is found to be several hundred nanometers at room temperature, a factor of 5 larger than previous predictions. When planar twist interfaces are introduced into the crystal by mechanically stacking multiple thin flakes, the cross-plane thermal conductivity of the stack is found to be a factor of 7 below that of individual flakes with similar total thickness, thus providing strong evidence that phonon scattering at twist boundaries limits the maximum phonon MFPs. These results have important implications for hBN integration in nanoelectronics and improve our understanding of thermal transport in two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R. Jaffe
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Keenan J. Smith
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research
Center for Functional Materials, National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Max G. Lagally
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mark A. Eriksson
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Victor W. Brar
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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13
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Mertens F, Mönkebüscher D, Parlak U, Boix-Constant C, Mañas-Valero S, Matzer M, Adhikari R, Bonanni A, Coronado E, Kalashnikova AM, Bossini D, Cinchetti M. Ultrafast Coherent THz Lattice Dynamics Coupled to Spins in the van der Waals Antiferromagnet FePS 3. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2208355. [PMID: 36437480 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coherent THz optical lattice and hybridized phonon-magnon modes are triggered by femtosecond laser pulses in the antiferromagnetic van der Waals semiconductor FePS3 . The laser-driven lattice and spin dynamics are investigated in a bulk crystal as well as in a 380 nm-thick exfoliated flake as a function of the excitation photon energy, sample temperature and applied magnetic field. The pump-probe magneto-optical measurements reveal that the amplitude of a coherent phonon mode oscillating at 3.2 THz decreases as the sample is heated up to the Néel temperature. This signal eventually vanishes as the phase transition to the paramagnetic phase occurs, thus revealing its connection to the long-range magnetic order. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the optically triggered 3.2 THz phonon hybridizes with a magnon mode, which is utilized to excite the hybridized phonon-magnon mode optically. These findings open a pathway toward the optical control of coherent THz photo-magnonic dynamics in a van der Waals antiferromagnet, which can be scaled down to the 2D limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mertens
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - David Mönkebüscher
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Umut Parlak
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carla Boix-Constant
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | - Samuel Mañas-Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | - Margherita Matzer
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Rajdeep Adhikari
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Alberta Bonanni
- Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46890, Spain
| | | | - Davide Bossini
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mirko Cinchetti
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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14
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Willeford K. The Luminescence Hypothesis of Olfaction. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1333. [PMID: 36772376 PMCID: PMC9919928 DOI: 10.3390/s23031333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A new hypothesis for the mechanism of olfaction is presented. It begins with an odorant molecule binding to an olfactory receptor. This is followed by the quantum biology event of inelastic electron tunneling as has been suggested with both the vibration and swipe card theories. It is novel in that it is not concerned with the possible effects of the tunneled electrons as has been discussed with the previous theories. Instead, the high energy state of the odorant molecule in the receptor following inelastic electron tunneling is considered. The hypothesis is that, as the high energy state decays, there is fluorescence luminescence with radiative emission of multiple photons. These photons pass through the supporting sustentacular cells and activate a set of olfactory neurons in near-simultaneous timing, which provides the temporal basis for the brain to interpret the required complex combinatorial coding as an odor. The Luminescence Hypothesis of Olfaction is the first to present the necessity of or mechanism for a 1:3 correspondence of odorant molecule to olfactory nerve activations. The mechanism provides for a consistent and reproducible time-based activation of sets of olfactory nerves correlated to an odor. The hypothesis has a biological precedent: an energy feasibility assessment is included, explaining the anosmia seen with COVID-19, and can be confirmed with existing laboratory techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Willeford
- Coastal Carolinas Integrated Medicine, 10 Doctors Circle, STE 2, Supply, NC 28462, USA
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15
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Matarèse BFE, Rahmoune H, Vo NTK, Seymour CB, Schofield PN, Mothersill C. X-ray-induced bio-acoustic emissions from cultured cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2023:1-6. [PMID: 36512368 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2158248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We characterize for the first time the emission of acoustic waves from cultured cells irradiated with X-ray photon radiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS Human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HL-60) and control cell-free media were exposed to 1 Gy X-ray photons while recording the sound generated before, during and after irradiation using custom large-bandwidth ultrasound transducer. The effects of dose rate and cell viability were investigated. RESULTS We report the first recorded acoustic signals captured from a collective pressure wave response to ionizing irradiation in cell culture. The acoustic signal was co-terminous with the radiation pulse, its magnitude was dependent on radiation dose rate, and live and dead cells showed qualitatively and quantitatively different acoustic signal characteristics. The signature of the collective acoustic peaks was temporally wider and with higher acoustic power for irradiated HL-60 than for irradiated MCF-7. CONCLUSIONS We show that X-ray irradiation induces two cultured cancer cell types to emit a characteristic acoustic signal for the duration of the radiation pulse. The rapid decay of the signal excludes acoustic emissions themselves from contributing to the inter-organism bystander signal previously reported in intact animals, but they remain a potential component of the bystander process in tissues and cell cultures. This preliminary study suggests that further work on the potential role of radiation-induced acoustic emission (RIAE) in the inter-cellular bystander effect is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F E Matarèse
- Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hassan Rahmoune
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nguyen T K Vo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Colin B Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Paul N Schofield
- Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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16
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Zienkiewicz JA, Kowalska DA, Drozdowski D, Pikul A, Ptak M. Hybrid Chlorides with Methylhydrazinium Cation: [CH(3)NH(2)NH(2)]CdCl(3) and Jahn-Teller Distorted [CH(3)NH(2)NH(2)]CuCl(3). Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36677531 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, structural, phonon, optical, and magnetic properties of two hybrid organic-inorganic chlorides with monoprotonated methylhydrazinium cations (CH3NH2NH2+, MHy+), [CH3NH2NH2]CdCl3 (MHyCdCl3), and [CH3NH2NH2]CuCl3 (MHyCuCl3), are reported. In contrast to previously reported MHyMIICl3 (MII = Mn2+, Ni2+, and Co2+) analogues, neither compound undergoes phase transitions. The MHyCuCl3 has a crystal structure familiar to previous crystals composed of edge-shared 1D chains of the [CuCl5N] octahedra. MHyCuCl3 crystallizes in monoclinic P21/c symmetry with MHy+ cations directly linked to the Cu2+ ions. The MHyCdCl3 analogue crystallizes in lower triclinic symmetry with zig-zag chains of the edge-shared [CdCl6] octahedra. The absence of phase transitions is investigated and discussed. It is connected with slightly stronger hydrogen bonding between cations and the copper-chloride chains in MHyCuCl3 due to the strong Jahn-Teller effect causing the octahedra to elongate, resulting in a better fit of cations in the accessible space between chains. The absence of structural transformation in MHyCdCl3 is due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding between two neighboring MHy+ cations, which has never been reported for MHy+-based hybrid halides. Optical investigations revealed that the bandgaps in Cu2+ and Cd2+ analogues are 2.62 and 5.57 eV, respectively. Magnetic tests indicated that MHyCuCl3 has smeared antiferromagnetic ordering at 4.8 K.
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17
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Chen Z, Shen X, Andrejevic N, Liu T, Luo D, Nguyen T, Drucker NC, Kozina ME, Song Q, Hua C, Chen G, Wang X, Kong J, Li M. Panoramic Mapping of Phonon Transport from Ultrafast Electron Diffraction and Scientific Machine Learning. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2206997. [PMID: 36440651 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One central challenge in understanding phonon thermal transport is a lack of experimental tools to investigate frequency-resolved phonon transport. Although recent advances in computation lead to frequency-resolved information, it is hindered by unknown defects in bulk regions and at interfaces. Here, a framework that can uncover microscopic phonon transport information in heterostructures is presented, integrating state-of-the-art ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) with advanced scientific machine learning (SciML). Taking advantage of the dual temporal and reciprocal-space resolution in UED, and the ability of SciML to solve inverse problems involving O ( 10 3 ) $\mathcal{O}({10^3})$ coupled Boltzmann transport equations, the frequency-dependent interfacial transmittance and frequency-dependent relaxation times of the heterostructure from the diffraction patterns are reliably recovered. The framework is applied to experimental Au/Si UED data, and a transport pattern beyond the diffuse mismatch model is revealed, which further enables a direct reconstruction of real-space, real-time, frequency-resolved phonon dynamics across the interface. The work provides a new pathway to probe interfacial phonon transport mechanisms with unprecedented details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhantao Chen
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94205, USA
| | - Nina Andrejevic
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
| | - Duan Luo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94205, USA
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nathan C Drucker
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Michael E Kozina
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94205, USA
| | - Qichen Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chengyun Hua
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94205, USA
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mingda Li
- Quantum Measurement Group, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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18
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Kosionis SG, Paspalakis E. Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Doubly Clamped Suspended Monolayer Graphene Nanoribbon Nanoresonator. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 13:mi13081179. [PMID: 35893177 PMCID: PMC9330294 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We studied the optical properties of a hybrid structure that was composed of a semiconductor quantum dot and a doubly clamped suspended graphene nanoribbon nanoresonator. We obtained analytical results for the linear and third-order optical susceptibilities of the hybrid system. The spectrum of the linear susceptibility exhibited a single resonance, and its position depended on the value of the on-resonance exciton energy and the exciton-nanoribbon resonator coupling strength coefficient; the amplitude of the resonance was independent of the values of these parameters. The third-order optical susceptibility spectrum exhibited a sharp resonance arising at low frequencies of the probe field, the position of which depended only on the frequency of the fundamental flexural phonon mode. It also presented a broader resonance arising at higher frequencies of the probe field, the position of which was determined both by the coupling strength coefficient and by the exciton frequency; its amplitude depended solely on the exciton-photon coupling strength.
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19
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Gu M, Bai YH, Zhang GP, George TF. Spin- phonon dispersion in magnetic materials. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:375802. [PMID: 35793694 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7f17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic coupling between the electron spin and the lattice vibration is responsible for an array of exotic properties from morphic effects in simple non magnets to magnetodielectric coupling in multiferroic spinels and hematites. Traditionally, a single spin-phonon coupling constant is used to characterize how effectively the lattice can affect the spin, but it is hardly enough to capture novel electromagnetic behaviors to the full extent. Here, we introduce a concept of spin-phonon dispersion to project the spin moment change along the phonon crystal momentum direction, so the entire spin change can be mapped out. Different from the phonon dispersion, the spin-phonon dispersion has both positive and negative frequency branches even in the equilibrium ground state, which correspond to the spin enhancement and spin reduction, respectively. Our study of bcc Fe and hcp Co reveals that the spin force matrix, that is, the second-order spatial derivative of spin moment, is similar to the vibrational force matrix, but its diagonal elements are smaller than the off-diagonal ones. This leads to the distinctive spin-phonon dispersion. The concept of spin-phonon dispersion expands the traditional Elliott-Yafet theory in nonmagnetic materials to the entire Brillouin zone in magnetic materials, thus opening the door to excited states in systems such as CoF2and NiO, where a strong spin-lattice coupling is detected in the THz regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Gu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Bai
- Office of Information Technology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, United States of America
| | - G P Zhang
- Department of Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, United States of America
| | - Thomas F George
- Departments of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, United States of America
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20
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Britt TL, Li Q, René de Cotret LP, Olsen N, Otto M, Hassan SA, Zacharias M, Caruso F, Zhu X, Siwick BJ. Direct View of Phonon Dynamics in Atomically Thin MoS 2. Nano Lett 2022; 22:4718-4724. [PMID: 35671172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers and heterostructures are highly tunable material systems that provide excellent models for physical phenomena at the two-dimensional (2D) limit. While most studies to date have focused on electrons and electron-hole pairs, phonons also play essential roles. Here, we apply ultrafast electron diffraction and diffuse scattering to directly quantify, with time and momentum resolution, electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in monolayer molybdenum disulfide and phonon transport from the monolayer to a silicon nitride substrate. Optically generated hot carriers result in a profoundly anisotropic distribution of phonons in the monolayer within ∼5 ps. A quantitative comparison with ab initio ultrafast dynamics simulations reveals the essential role of dielectric screening in weakening EPC. Thermal transport from the monolayer to the substrate occurs with the phonon system far from equilibrium. While screening in 2D is known to strongly affect equilibrium properties, our findings extend this understanding to the dynamic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan L Britt
- Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Qiuyang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Laurent P René de Cotret
- Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Nicholas Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Martin Otto
- Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Syed Ali Hassan
- Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Marios Zacharias
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Science Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, P.O. Box 50329, Limassol 3603, Cyprus
- Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, 20 Avenue des Buttes de Coesmes, Rennes 35700, France
| | - Fabio Caruso
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Leibnizstraße 15, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Bradley J Siwick
- Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, 3600 rue Université, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
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21
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Ghim M, Jhi SH. Kohn anomalies in topological insulator thin films: first-principles study. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:265002. [PMID: 35405670 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac664a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Kohn anomaly is a non-smooth phonon softening induced by electron-phonon coupling in low-dimensional metals. Some measurements claimed that Kohn anomalies are present in topological materials due to the Dirac fermions in the bulk or in the surface. However, first-principles calculations have not reproduced the Kohn anomalies, especially, on the surface of topological insulators. It is still unclear about the origin of the controversy for the existence of the Kohn anomaly whether it is a numerical shortcoming or misinterpretation in measurement. In this study, we investigate the surface Kohn anomaly in two topological insulators Bi2Se3and SnSe using the state-of-the-art Wannier interpolation schemes. We find that Bi2Se3exhibits the Kohn anomaly but only in the bulk-like phonon modes by structural confinement along thec-axis. Interestingly, SnSe exhibits the surface Kohn anomaly in support of the experimental report on Pb0.7Sn0.3Se. We show that double Dirac cones in SnSe surface states are responsible for the Kohn anomaly, which is even enhanced if the subsurface states are partially occupied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Ghim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Jhi
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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22
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Németh G, Otsuka K, Datz D, Pekker Á, Maruyama S, Borondics F, Kamarás K. Direct Visualization of Ultrastrong Coupling between Luttinger-Liquid Plasmons and Phonon Polaritons. Nano Lett 2022; 22:3495-3502. [PMID: 35315666 PMCID: PMC9052744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrastrong coupling of light and matter creates new opportunities to modify chemical reactions or develop novel nanoscale devices. One-dimensional Luttinger-liquid plasmons in metallic carbon nanotubes are long-lived excitations with extreme electromagnetic field confinement. They are promising candidates to realize strong or even ultrastrong coupling at infrared frequencies. We applied near-field polariton interferometry to examine the interaction between propagating Luttinger-liquid plasmons in individual carbon nanotubes and surface phonon polaritons of silica and hexagonal boron nitride. We extracted the dispersion relation of the hybrid Luttinger-liquid plasmon-phonon polaritons (LPPhPs) and explained the observed phenomena by the coupled harmonic oscillator model. The dispersion shows pronounced mode splitting, and the obtained value for the normalized coupling strength shows we reached the ultrastrong coupling regime with both native silica and hBN phonons. Our findings predict future applications to exploit the extraordinary properties of carbon nanotube plasmons, ranging from nanoscale plasmonic circuits to ultrasensitive molecular sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Németh
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Budapest
University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Keigo Otsuka
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Dániel Datz
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Eötvös
Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Áron Pekker
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, The University
of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ferenc Borondics
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif Sur Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Katalin Kamarás
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
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23
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Godse S, Srivastava Y, Jain A. Anharmonic lattice dynamics and thermal transport in type-I inorganic clathrates. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:145701. [PMID: 35026735 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4b2c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The anharmonic phonon properties of type-I filled inorganic clathrates Ba8Ga16Ge30and Sr8Ga16Ge30are obtained from the first-principles calculations by considering the temperature-dependent sampling of the potential energy surface and quartic phonon renormalization. Owing to the weak binding of guest atoms with the host lattice, the obtained guest modes undergo strong renormalization with temperature and become stiffer by up to 50% at room temperature in Sr8Ga16Ge30. The calculated phonon frequencies and associated thermal mean squared displacements are comparable with experiments despite the on-centering of guest atoms at cage centers in both clathrates. Lattice thermal conductivities are obtained in the temperature range of 50-300 K accounting for three-phonon scattering processes and multi-channel thermal transport. The contribution of coherent transport channel is significant at room temperature (13% and 22% in Ba8Ga16Ge30and Sr8Ga16Ge30) but is insufficient to explain the experimentally observed glass-like thermal transport in Sr8Ga16Ge30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Godse
- Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, India
| | | | - Ankit Jain
- Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, India
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24
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Zhang Y, Qu W, Peng G, Zhang C, Liu Z, Liu J, Li S, Wu H, Meng L, Gao L. Seeing Structural Mechanisms of Optimized Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric Bulk Materials through Structural Defect Engineering. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15020487. [PMID: 35057205 PMCID: PMC8780573 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC-STEM) has evolved into the most powerful characterization and manufacturing platform for all materials, especially functional materials with complex structural characteristics that respond dynamically to external fields. It has become possible to directly observe and tune all kinds of defects, including those at the crucial atomic scale. In-depth understanding and technically tailoring structural defects will be of great significance for revealing the structure-performance relation of existing high-property materials, as well as for foreseeing paths to the design of high-performance materials. Insights would be gained from piezoelectrics and thermoelectrics, two representative functional materials. A general strategy is highlighted for optimizing these functional materials’ properties, namely defect engineering at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (L.M.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wanbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Guyang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Chenglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Ziyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Juncheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Shurong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Haijun Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (W.Q.); (G.P.); (C.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (H.W.)
| | - Lingjie Meng
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (L.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Lumei Gao
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (L.M.); (L.G.)
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25
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Sood A, Sievers C, Shin YC, Chen V, Chen S, Smithe KKH, Chatterjee S, Donadio D, Goodson KE, Pop E. Engineering Thermal Transport across Layered Graphene-MoS 2 Superlattices. ACS Nano 2021; 15:19503-19512. [PMID: 34813267 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Layering two-dimensional van der Waals materials provides a high degree of control over atomic placement, which could enable tailoring of vibrational spectra and heat flow at the sub-nanometer scale. Here, using spatially resolved ultrafast thermoreflectance and spectroscopy, we uncover the design rules governing cross-plane heat transport in superlattices assembled from monolayers of graphene (G) and MoS2 (M). Using a combinatorial experimental approach, we probe nine different stacking sequences, G, GG, MG, GGG, GMG, GGMG, GMGG, GMMG, and GMGMG, and identify the effects of vibrational mismatch, interlayer adhesion, and junction asymmetry on thermal transport. Pure G sequences display evidence of quasi-ballistic transport, whereas adding even a single M layer strongly disrupts heat conduction. The experimental data are described well by molecular dynamics simulations, which include thermal expansion, accounting for the effect of finite temperature on the interlayer spacing. The simulations show that an increase of ∼2.4% in the layer separation of GMGMG, relative to its value at 300 K, can lead to a doubling of the thermal resistance. Using these design rules, we experimentally demonstrate a five-layer GMGMG superlattice "thermal metamaterial" with an ultralow effective cross-plane thermal conductivity comparable to that of air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sood
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Charles Sievers
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Victoria Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shunda Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kirby K H Smithe
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sukti Chatterjee
- Applied Materials Inc., Santa Clara, California 95054, United States
| | - Davide Donadio
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kenneth E Goodson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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26
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Jaafreh R, Kang YS, Hamad K. Lattice Thermal Conductivity: An Accelerated Discovery Guided by Machine Learning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:57204-57213. [PMID: 34806862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we used machine learning (ML) techniques to build a crystal-based model that can predict the lattice thermal conductivity (LTC) of crystalline materials. To achieve this, first, LTCs of 119 compounds at various temperatures (100-1000 K) were obtained based on density functional theory (DFT) and phonon calculations, and then, these data were employed in the next learning process to build a predictive model using various ML algorithms. The ML results showed that the model built based on the random forest (RF) algorithm with an R2 score of 0.957 was the most accurate compared with the models built using other algorithms. Additionally, the accuracy of this model was validated using new cases of four compounds, which was not seen for the model before, where a good matching between calculated and predicted LTCs of the new compounds was found. To find candidates with ultralow LTCs (<1 W m-1 K-1) at room temperature, the model was used to screen compounds (32116) in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. From the screened compounds, Cs2SnI6 and SrS were selected to validate the ML prediction using the counterpart theoretical calculations (DFT and phonon), and it was found that the outcome behaviors by both methods (ML prediction and DFT/phonon calculations) are fairly consistent. Considering the type of employed feature, the prime novelty in this work is that the built model can credibly predict the LTC-temperature behaviors of new compounds that are constructed based on prototype structures and chemical compositions, without the use of any DFT-relaxed structure parameters. Accordingly, using the periodic table, prototype structures, and the RF-based model, the LTC-temperature behavior of a huge number of compounds can be predicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russlan Jaafreh
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Yoo Seong Kang
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
- School of Applied Data Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Kotiba Hamad
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
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27
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Hu Y, Li D, Liu R, Li S, Feng C, Li D, Ding G. Promising Thermoelectric Performance in Two-Dimensional Semiconducting Boron Monolayer. Front Chem 2021; 9:739984. [PMID: 34631662 PMCID: PMC8492988 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.739984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A heavy element is a special character for high thermoelectric performance since it generally guarantees a low lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we unexpectedly found a promising thermoelectric performance in a two-dimensional semiconducting monolayer consisting of a light boron element. Using first-principles combined with the Boltzmann transport theory, we have shown that in contrast to graphene or black phosphorus, the boron monolayer has a low lattice thermal conductivity arising from its complex crystal of hexagonal vacancies. The conduction band with an intrinsic camelback shape leads to the high DOS and a high n-type Seebeck coefficient, while the highly degenerate valence band along with the small hole effective mass contributes to the high p-type power factor. As a result, we obtained the p-type thermoelectric figure of merit up to 0.96 at 300 K, indicating that the boron monolayer is a promising p-type thermoelectric material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglan Hu
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Ding Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongkun Liu
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Shichang Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunbao Feng
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangqian Ding
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
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28
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Zhang L, Zhong Y, Qian X, Song Q, Zhou J, Li L, Guo L, Chen G, Wang EN. Toward Optimal Heat Transfer of 2D-3D Heterostructures via van der Waals Binding Effects. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:46055-46064. [PMID: 34529424 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterogeneous integration have enabled promising electronic and photonic applications. However, significant thermal challenges arise due to numerous van der Waals (vdW) interfaces limiting the dissipation of heat generated in the device. In this work, we investigate the vdW binding effect on heat transport through a MoS2-amorphous silica heterostructure. We show using atomistic simulations that the cross-plane thermal conductance starts to saturate with the increase of vdW binding energy, which is attributed to substrate-induced localized phonons. With these atomistic insights, we perform device-level heat transfer optimizations. Accordingly, we identify a regime, characterized by the coupling of in-plane and cross-plane heat transport mediated by vdW binding energy, where maximal heat dissipation in the device is achieved. These results elucidate fundamental heat transport through the vdW heterostructure and provide a pathway toward optimizing thermal management in 2D nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yang Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xin Qian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qichen Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Long Li
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Evelyn N Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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29
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Nguyen T, Andrejevic N, Po HC, Song Q, Tsurimaki Y, Drucker NC, Alatas A, Alp EE, Leu BM, Cunsolo A, Cai YQ, Wu L, Garlow JA, Zhu Y, Lu H, Gossard AC, Puretzky AA, Geohegan DB, Huang S, Li M. Signature of Many-Body Localization of Phonons in Strongly Disordered Superlattices. Nano Lett 2021; 21:7419-7425. [PMID: 34314183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many-body localization (MBL) has attracted significant attention because of its immunity to thermalization, role in logarithmic entanglement entropy growth, and opportunities to reach exotic quantum orders. However, experimental realization of MBL in solid-state systems has remained challenging. Here, we report evidence of a possible phonon MBL phase in disordered GaAs/AlAs superlattices. Through grazing-incidence inelastic X-ray scattering, we observe a strong deviation of the phonon population from equilibrium in samples doped with ErAs nanodots at low temperature, signaling a departure from thermalization. This behavior occurs within finite phonon energy and wavevector windows, suggesting a localization-thermalization crossover. We support our observation by proposing a theoretical model for the effective phonon Hamiltonian in disordered superlattices, and showing that it can be mapped exactly to a disordered 1D Bose-Hubbard model with a known MBL phase. Our work provides momentum-resolved experimental evidence of phonon localization, extending the scope of MBL to disordered solid-state systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nina Andrejevic
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hoi Chun Po
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qichen Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yoichiro Tsurimaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nathan C Drucker
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ahmet Alatas
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Esen E Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Bogdan M Leu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Alessandro Cunsolo
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yong Q Cai
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Lijun Wu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Joseph A Garlow
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yimei Zhu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Material Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Hong Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Arthur C Gossard
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alexander A Puretzky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - David B Geohegan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Shengxi Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mingda Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Kim S, Bunyan J, Ferrari PF, Kanj A, Vakakis AF, van der Zande AM, Tawfick S. Buckling-Mediated Phase Transitions in Nano-Electromechanical Phononic Waveguides. Nano Lett 2021; 21:6416-6424. [PMID: 34320324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waveguides for mechanical signal transmission in the megahertz to gigahertz regimes enable on-chip phononic circuitry, which brings new capabilities complementing photonics and electronics. Lattices of coupled nano-electromechanical drumhead resonators are suitable for these waveguides due to their high Q-factor and precisely engineered band structure. Here, we show that thermally induced elastic buckling of such resonators causes a phase transition in the waveguide leading to reversible control of signal transmission. Specifically, when cooled, the lowest-frequency transmission band associated with the primary acoustic mode vanishes. Experiments show the merging of the lower and upper band gaps, such that signals remain localized at the excitation boundary. Numerical simulations show that the temperature-induced destruction of the pass band is a result of inhomogeneous elastic buckling, which disturbs the waveguide's periodicity and suppresses the wave propagation. Mechanical phase transitions in waveguides open opportunities for drastic phononic band reconfiguration in on-chip circuitry and computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- SunPhil Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jonathan Bunyan
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Paolo F Ferrari
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ali Kanj
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexander F Vakakis
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sameh Tawfick
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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31
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Foss C, Aksamija Z. Thermal boundary conductance of monolayer beyond-graphene two-dimensional materials on SiO 2and GaN. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:405206. [PMID: 34157692 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac0d7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a platform for a broad array of future nanoelectronic devices. Here we use first-principles calculations and phonon interface transport modeling to calculate the temperature-dependent thermal boundary conductance (TBC) in single layers of beyond-graphene 2D materials silicene, hBN, boron arsenide (BAs), and blue and black phosphorene (BP) on amorphous SiO2and crystalline GaN substrates. Our results show that for 2D/3D systems, the room temperature TBC can span a wide range from 7 to 70 MW m-2K-1 with the lowest being for BP and highest for hBN. We also show that 2D/3D TBC has a strong temperature dependence that can be alleviated by encapsulating the 2D/3D stack. Upon encapsulation with AlOx, the TBC of several beyond-graphene 2D materials can match or exceed reported values for graphene and numerous transition-metal dichalcogendies which are in the range of 15-40 MW m-2K-1. We also compute the room temperature TBC as a function of van der Waals spring coupling (Ka) where the TBC falls in the range of 50-150 MW m-2K-1 at coupling strengths ofKa = 2-4 N m-1 for silicene, BAs, and blue phosphorene. We further identify group III-V materials with ultra-soft flexural branches as being promising 2D materials for thermal isolation and energy scavenging applications when matched with crystalline substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Foss
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, United States of America
| | - Zlatan Aksamija
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, United States of America
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32
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Venkatraman K, Crozier PA. Role of Convergence and Collection Angles in the Excitation of Long- and Short-Wavelength Phonons with Vibrational Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy. Microsc Microanal 2021; 27:1-9. [PMID: 34172104 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621012034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current generation electron monochromators employed as attachments to scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) offer the ability to obtain vibrational information from materials using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). We show here that in crystals, long- and short-wavelength phonon modes can be probed simultaneously with on-axis vibrational STEM EELS. The long-wavelength phonons are probed via dipole scattering, while the short-wavelength modes are probed via impact scattering of the incident electrons. The localized character of the short-wavelength modes is demonstrated by scanning the electron beam across the edge of a hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle. It is found that employing convergence angles that encompass multiple Brillouin zone boundaries enhances the short-wavelength phonon contribution to the vibrational energy-loss spectrum much more than that achieved by employing collection angles that encompass multiple Brillouin zone boundaries. Probing short-wavelength phonons at high spatial resolution with on-axis vibrational STEM EELS will help develop a fundamental connection between vibrational excitations and bonding arrangements at atomic-scale heterogeneities in materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Venkatraman
- School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA
| | - Peter A Crozier
- School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA
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33
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Duan Z, Wei Z, Huang S, Wang Y, Sun C, Tao Y, Dong Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Kan Y, Li D, Chen Y. Resonance in Atomic-Scale Sliding Friction. Nano Lett 2021; 21:4615-4621. [PMID: 34018741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Friction represents a major energy dissipation mode, yet the atomistic mechanism of how friction converts mechanical motion into heat remains elusive. It has been suggested that excess phonons are mainly excited at the washboard frequency, the fundamental frequency at which relative motion excites the interface atoms, and the subsequent thermalization of these nonequilibrium phonons completes the energy dissipation process. Through combined atomic force microscopy measurements and atomistic modeling, here we show that the nonlinear interactions between a sliding tip and the substrate can generate excess phonons at not only the washboard frequency but also its harmonics. These nonequilibrium phonons can induce resonant vibration of the tip and lead to multiple peaks in the friction force as the tip sliding velocity ramps up. These observations disclose previously unrecognized energy dissipation channels associated with tip vibration and provide insights into engineering friction force through adjusting the resonant frequency of the tip-substrate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoqi Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shuyu Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Chengdong Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yun Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Juekuan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yajing Kan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1592, United States
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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34
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Jin M, Khafizov M, Jiang C, Zhou S, Marianetti CA, Bryan MS, Manley ME, Hurley DH. Assessment of empirical interatomic potential to predict thermal conductivity in ThO 2and UO 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:275402. [PMID: 33455948 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdc8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Computing vibrational properties of crystals in the presence of complex defects often necessitates the use of (semi-)empirical potentials, which are typically not well characterized for perfect crystals. Here we explore the efficacy of a commonly used embedded-atomempirical interatomic potential for the UxTh1-xO2system, to compute phonon dispersion, lifetime, and branch specific thermal conductivity. Our approach for ThO2involves using lattice dynamics and the linearized Boltzmann transport equation to calculate phonon transport properties based on second and third order force constants derived from the empirical potential and from first-principles calculations. For UO2, to circumvent the accuracy issues associated with first-principles treatments of strong electronic correlations, we compare results derived from the empirical interatomic potential to previous experimental results. It is found that the empirical potential can reasonably capture the dispersion of acoustic branches, but exhibits significant discrepancies for the optical branches, leading to overestimation of phonon lifetime and thermal conductivity. The branch specific conductivity also differs significantly with either first-principles based results (ThO2) or experimental measurements (UO2). These findings suggest that the empirical potential needs to be further optimized for robust prediction of thermal conductivity both in perfect crystals and in the presence of complex defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 205 Hallowell Bldg, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Marat Khafizov
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, 201 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Chao Jiang
- Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, United States of America
| | - Shuxiang Zhou
- Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, United States of America
| | - Chris A Marianetti
- Department of Applies Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States of America
| | - Matthew S Bryan
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Michael E Manley
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - David H Hurley
- Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, United States of America
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Chen Q, Yan X, Wu L, Xiao Y, Wang S, Cheng G, Zheng R, Hao Q. Small-Nanostructure-Size-Limited Phonon Transport within Composite Films Made of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Reduced Graphene Oxides. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:5435-5444. [PMID: 33492119 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarbon materials have been widely used for nanoelectronics and energy-related applications. In this work, composite films consisting of reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are synthesized and studied for their in-plane thermal conductivities. Different from pristine carbon nanotubes or graphene with decreased thermal conductivities above 300 K, the in-plane thermal conductivities of these composite films are found to follow the trend of the specific heat of graphene from 100 to 400 K, i.e., monotonously increasing at elevated temperatures. Such a trend can often be found within amorphous solids but has seldom been observed for nanocarbon. This unique temperature dependence of thermal conductivities is attributed to the largely restricted phonon mean free paths within the graphene sheets that mainly contribute to the in-plane thermal transport. The highest in-plane thermal conductivity among samples with different synthesis conditions is 62.8 W/(m·K) at 300 K. Such a high thermal conductivity, combined with its unique temperature dependency, can be ideal for applications such as flexible film-like thermal diodes based on the junction between two materials with a large contrast for their temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Chen
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Xiaolu Yan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Leyuan Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Sien Wang
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Guoan Cheng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ruiting Zheng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Qing Hao
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Huang Y, Zhou J, Wang G, Sun Z. Role of Anharmonic Interactions for Vibration Density of States in α-Cristobalite. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:617. [PMID: 33572842 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The vibrational density of states (VDOS) of solids in the low-energy regime controls the thermal and transport properties of materials, such as heat capacity, heat conduction, free energy and entropy. In α-Cristobalite, the low-frequency part of vibration density of states (VDOS) has many common features with the Boson peak in silica glass of matched densities. Recent theoretical work reported that anharmonic phonon–phonon interactions were critical for the low-frequency part of VDOS in α-Cristobalite. Therefore, it is urgent to identify the role of different anharmonic interactions from first principles. In this paper, we focus on the main peak of the low-frequency part of VDOS in α-Cristobalite. Calculated by our own developed codes and first principles, we find that the quartic anharmonic interaction can increase the frequency of the peak, while the cubic anharmonic can reduce the frequency and change the shape of the peak. Meanwhile, the anharmonic interactions are critical for the temperature effect. Therefore, we calculated the temperature-dependent property of the peak. We find that the frequency of the peak is directly proportional to the temperature. The atomic displacement patterns of different temperatures also confirm the above conclusion. All our calculations converged well. Moreover, our basic results agree well with other published results. Finally, we highlight that our codes offer a general and reliable way to calculate the VDOS with temperature.
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Li J. Quantitative analysis of observed signatures in phonon reflection experiment. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 33:055901. [PMID: 33027783 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abbf2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For phonons propagating in a crystal at low temperature, we develop a phonon reflection model and an analysis framework to fully understand reflection peaks from underlying physics principles. Our study shows that the specular reflection structure of peaks contains detailed information about properties of the crystal material, and provides a solid quantitative link between phonon theory and experimental signals. For both kinds of experiments that either use crystal as a particle detector or as a target material for study, this analysis provides a novel and essential method to understand the experimental signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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Quotane I, El Boudouti EH, Djafari-Rouhani B. Graphene-Based One-Dimensional Terahertz Phononic Crystal: Band Structures and Surface Modes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2205. [PMID: 33167353 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a theoretical and numerical study of the acoustic properties of infinite and semi-infinite superlattices made out of graphene-semiconductor bilayers. In addition to the band structure, we emphasize the existence and behavior of localized and resonant acoustic modes associated with the free surface of such structures. These modes are polarized in the sagittal plane, defined by the incident wavevector and the normal to the layers. The surface modes are obtained from the peaks of the density of states, either inside the bulk bands or inside the minigaps of the superlattice. In these structures, the two directions of vibrations (longitudinal and transverse) are coupled giving rise to two bulk bands associated with the two polarizations of the waves. The creation of the free surface of the superlattice induces true surface localized modes inside the terahertz acoustic forbidden gaps, but also pseudo-surface modes which appear as well-defined resonances inside the allowed bands of the superlattice. Despite the low thickness of the graphene layer, and though graphene is a gapless material, when it is inserted periodically in a semiconductor, it allows the opening of wide gaps for all values of the wave vector k// (parallel to the interfaces). Numerical illustrations of the band structures and surface modes are given for graphene-Si superlattices, and the surface layer can be either Si or graphene. These surface acoustic modes can be used to realize liquid or bio-sensors graphene-based phononic crystal operating in the THz frequency domain.
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Hubler GK, Hoffman SW, Andreadis TD, DePalma RG. Pulsed Microwave Energy Transduction of Acoustic Phonon Related Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2020; 11:753. [PMID: 32849213 PMCID: PMC7417645 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed microwaves above specific energy thresholds have been reported to cause brain injury in animal models. The actual physical mechanism causing brain damage is unexplained while the clinical reality of these injuries remains controversial. Here we propose mechanisms by which pulsed microwaves may injure brain tissue by transduction of microwave energy into damaging acoustic phonons in brain water. We have shown that low intensity explosive blast waves likely initiate phonon excitations in brain tissues. Brain injury in this instance occurs at nanoscale subcellular levels as predicted by physical consideration of phonon interactions in brain water content. The phonon mechanism may also explain similarities between primary non-impact blast-induced mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and recent clinical and imaging findings of unexplained brain injuries observed in US embassy personnel possibly due to directed radiofrequency radiation. We describe experiments to elucidate mechanisms, RF frequencies and power levels by which pulsed microwaves potentially injure brain tissue. Pathological documentation of nanoscale brain blast injury has been supported experimentally using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrating nanoscale cellular damage in the absence of gross or light microscopic findings. Similar studies are required to better define pulsed microwave brain injury. Based upon existing findings, clinical diagnosis of both low intensity blast and microwave-induced brain injury likely will require diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a specialized water based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham K Hubler
- The School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Stuart W Hoffman
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Tim D Andreadis
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Tactical Electronic Warfare Division, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ralph G DePalma
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Surgery, Uniformed University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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40
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Koh YR, Cheng Z, Mamun A, Bin Hoque MS, Liu Z, Bai T, Hussain K, Liao ME, Li R, Gaskins JT, Giri A, Tomko J, Braun JL, Gaevski M, Lee E, Yates L, Goorsky MS, Luo T, Khan A, Graham S, Hopkins PE. Bulk-like Intrinsic Phonon Thermal Conductivity of Micrometer-Thick AlN Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:29443-29450. [PMID: 32491824 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum nitride (AlN) has garnered much attention due to its intrinsically high thermal conductivity. However, engineering thin films of AlN with these high thermal conductivities can be challenging due to vacancies and defects that can form during the synthesis. In this work, we report on the cross-plane thermal conductivity of ultra-high-purity single-crystal AlN films with different thicknesses (∼3-22 μm) via time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) and steady-state thermoreflectance (SSTR) from 80 to 500 K. At room temperature, we report a thermal conductivity of ∼320 ± 42 W m-1 K-1, surpassing the values of prior measurements on AlN thin films and one of the highest cross-plane thermal conductivities of any material for films with equivalent thicknesses, surpassed only by diamond. By conducting first-principles calculations, we show that the thermal conductivity measurements on our thin films in the 250-500 K temperature range agree well with the predicted values for the bulk thermal conductivity of pure single-crystal AlN. Thus, our results demonstrate the viability of high-quality AlN films as promising candidates for the high-thermal-conductivity layers in high-power microelectronic devices. Our results also provide insight into the intrinsic thermal conductivity of thin films and the nature of phonon-boundary scattering in single-crystal epitaxially grown AlN thin films. The measured thermal conductivities in high-quality AlN thin films are found to be constant and similar to bulk AlN, regardless of the thermal penetration depth, film thickness, or laser spot size, even when these characteristic length scales are less than the mean free paths of a considerable portion of thermal phonons. Collectively, our data suggest that the intrinsic thermal conductivity of thin films with thicknesses less than the thermal phonon mean free paths is the same as bulk so long as the thermal conductivity of the film is sampled independent of the film/substrate interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Rui Koh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Zhe Cheng
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Abdullah Mamun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Md Shafkat Bin Hoque
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Tingyu Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kamal Hussain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Michael E Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ruiyang Li
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - John T Gaskins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Ashutosh Giri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - John Tomko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Braun
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mikhail Gaevski
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Eungkyu Lee
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Luke Yates
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tengfei Luo
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Asif Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Samuel Graham
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Patrick E Hopkins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Umegaki T, Tanaka S. Nanoscale Quantum Thermal Conductance at Water Interface: Green's Function Approach Based on One-Dimensional Phonon Model. Molecules 2020; 25:E1185. [PMID: 32151110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We have derived the fundamental formula of phonon transport in water for the evaluation of quantum thermal conductance by using a one-dimensional phonon model based on the nonequilibrium Green’s function method. In our model, phonons are excited as quantum waves from the left or right reservoir and propagate from left to right of H2O layer or vice versa. We have assumed these reservoirs as being of periodic structures, whereas we can also model the H2O sandwiched between these reservoirs as having aperiodic structures of liquid containing N water molecules. We have extracted the dispersion curves from the experimental absorption spectra of the OH stretching and intermolecular modes of water molecules, and calculated phonon transmission function and quantum thermal conductance. In addition, we have simplified the formulation of the transmission function by employing a case of one water molecule (N=1). From this calculation, we have obtained the characteristic that the transmission probability is almost unity at the frequency bands of acoustic and optical modes, and the transmission probability vanishes by the phonon attenuation reflecting the quantum tunnel effect outside the bands of these two modes. The classical limit of the thermal conductance calculated by our formula agreed with the literature value (order of 10−10 W/K) in high temperature regime (>300 K). The present approach is powerful enough to be applicable to molecular systems containing proteins as well, and to evaluate their thermal conductive characteristics.
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McCreary A, Simpson JR, Mai TT, McMichael RD, Douglas JE, Butch N, Dennis C, Aguilar RV, Walker ARH. Quasi-Two-Dimensional Magnon Identification in Antiferromagnetic FePS 3via Magneto-Raman Spectroscopy. Phys Rev B 2020; 101:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.064416. [PMID: 38616972 PMCID: PMC11015466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.101.064416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Recently it was discovered that van der Waals-bonded magnetic materials retain long range magnetic ordering down to a single layer, opening many avenues in fundamental physics and potential applications of these fascinating materials. One such material is FePS3, a large spin (S=2) Mott insulator where the Fe atoms form a honeycomb lattice. In the bulk, FePS3 has been shown to be a quasi-two-dimensional-Ising antiferromagnet, with additional features in the Raman spectra emerging below the Néel temperature (T N ) of approximately 120 K. Using magneto-Raman spectroscopy as an optical probe of magnetic structure, we show that one of these Raman-active modes in the magnetically ordered state is actually a magnon with a frequency of ≈3.7 THz (122 cm-1). Contrary to previous work, which interpreted this feature as a phonon, our Raman data shows the expected frequency shifting and splitting of the magnon as a function of temperature and magnetic field, respectively, where we determine the g-factor to be ≈2. In addition, the symmetry behavior of the magnon is studied by polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy and explained using the magnetic point group of FePS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber McCreary
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Simpson
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Physics, Astronomy, and Geosciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Thuc T. Mai
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert D. McMichael
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Jason E. Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Nicholas Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Cindi Dennis
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | | | - Angela R. Hight Walker
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Liu T, Yue SY, Ratnasingham S, Degousée T, Varsini P, Briscoe J, McLachlan MA, Hu M, Fenwick O. Unusual Thermal Boundary Resistance in Halide Perovskites: A Way To Tune Ultralow Thermal Conductivity for Thermoelectrics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:47507-47515. [PMID: 31752489 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites have emerged as promising candidates as the active material in photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes. They possess unusual bulk thermal transport properties that have been the focus of a number of studies, but there is much less understanding of thermal transport in thin films where a diverse range of structures and morphologies are accessible. Here, we report on the tuning of in-plane thermal conductivity in methylammonium lead iodide thin films by morphological control. Using 3-ω measurements, we find that the room temperature thermal conductivity of thermally evaporated methylammonium lead iodide perovskite films ranges from 0.31 to 0.59 W/(m K). We measure a discontinuity in thermal conductivity at the orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition and explore this using density functional theory and attributing it to a collapse in the phonon group velocity along the c-axis of the tetragonal crystal. Moreover, we have quantified the thermal boundary resistance (Kapitza resistance) for thermally evaporated films, allowing us to estimate the Kapitza length, which is 36 ± 2 nm at room temperature and 15 ± 2 nm at 100 K. Curiously, the Kapitza resistance has a strong temperature dependence which we also explore using density functional theory, with these results suggesting an important role of methylammonium rotational modes in scattering phonons at the crystallite boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheng-Ying Yue
- Institute of Mineral Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science (AICES) , RWTH Aachen University , 52062 Aachen , Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , California 93106 , United States
| | - Sinclair Ratnasingham
- Department of Materials and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | | | | | | | - Martyn A McLachlan
- Department of Materials and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Ming Hu
- Institute of Mineral Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science (AICES) , RWTH Aachen University , 52062 Aachen , Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina 29208 , United States
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Diroll BT, Mannodi-Kanakkithodi A, Chan MKY, Schaller RD. Spectroscopic Comparison of Thermal Transport at Organic-Inorganic and Organic-Hybrid Interfaces Using CsPbBr 3 and FAPbBr 3 (FA = Formamidinium) Perovskite Nanocrystals. Nano Lett 2019; 19:8155-8160. [PMID: 31603685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermal transport across interfaces depends on the matching of vibrational structure at the interface. This work examines the transfer of thermal excitation from an organic ligand coating to either all-inorganic cesium lead tribromide (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals or hybrid organic-inorganic formamidinium lead tribromide (FAPbBr3) nanocrystals using selective infrared optical excitation. These two semiconductors are directly compared because they (or similar semiconductors) are currently envisioned as strong candidates in many optoelectronic technologies and they differ due to the presence of an organic or inorganic cation, which introduces substantial differences in the phonon density of states in otherwise quite similar semiconductors. Infrared excitation of C-H vibrations of surface-bound ligands generates a temperature gradient between the organic ligand shell and nanocrystal core, which results in heat flow, measured by probing changes of the semiconductor band gap. Heat transfer to both perovskite compositions of comparable sizes is similar (25-30 ps), due to fast intramolecular vibrational relaxation and similar matching of low-energy phonons with the organic ligand, but FAPbBr3 samples show a slow bleaching kinetic on the order of 1 ns. This slow, heat-induced change in the semiconductor band gap is attributed not to interfacial heat transfer but instead to thermal equilibration between the organic and inorganic sublattices of FAPbBr3. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations support the hypothesis that low-energy inorganic sublattice phonon modes are populated initially in the heat transfer process, with a slow thermal population of the higher-energy phonon modes associated primarily with the organic cation. Slow thermal equilibration of FAPbBr3 is likely to substantially impact the time-dependent response of optoelectronic devices that heat the semiconductor active layer and provide further evidence that the poor bulk thermal transport of hybrid perovskite materials extends to microscopic thermal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Diroll
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Maria K Y Chan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Avenue , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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45
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Zhao D, Hu H, Haselsberger R, Marcus RA, Michel-Beyerle ME, Lam YM, Zhu JX, La-O-Vorakiat C, Beard MC, Chia EEM. Monitoring Electron- Phonon Interactions in Lead Halide Perovskites Using Time-Resolved THz Spectroscopy. ACS Nano 2019; 13:8826-8835. [PMID: 31348643 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite semiconductors have low-frequency phonon modes within the lead halide sublattice and thus are considered to be soft. The soft lattice is considered to be important in defining their interesting optoelectronic properties. Electron-phonon coupling governs hot-carrier relaxation, carrier mobilities, carrier lifetimes, among other important electronic characteristics. Directly observing the interplay between free charge carriers and phonons can provide details on how phonons impact these properties (e.g., exciton populations and other collective modes). Here, we observe a delicate interplay among carriers, phonons, and excitons in mixed-cation and mixed-halide perovskite films by simultaneously resolving the contribution of charge carriers and phonons in time-resolved terahertz photoconductivity spectra. We are able to observe directly the increase in phonon population during carrier cooling and discuss how thermal equilibrium populations of carriers and phonons modulate the carrier transport properties, as well as reduce the population of carriers within band tails. We are also able to observe directly the formation of free charge carriers when excitons interact with phonons and dissociate and to describe how free carriers and exciton populations exchange through phonon interactions. Finally, we also time-resolve how the carriers are screened via the Coulomb interaction at low and room temperatures. Our studies shed light on how charge carriers interact with the low-energy phonons and discuss implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Zhao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 639798 Singapore
| | - Reinhard Haselsberger
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Rudolph A Marcus
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
- Noyes Laboratory , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Maria-Elisabeth Michel-Beyerle
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Yeng Ming Lam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 639798 Singapore
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Chan La-O-Vorakiat
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science , King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) , Bangkok 10140 , Thailand
- Theoretical and Computational Science Center (TaCS) , KMUTT , Bangkok 10140 , Thailand
| | - Matthew C Beard
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Science Center , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Elbert E M Chia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
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46
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Song Y, Xu B, Nan CW. Lattice and spin dynamics in multiferroic BiFeO 3 and RMnO 3. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:642-652. [PMID: 34691920 PMCID: PMC8291440 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The multiferroic materials BiFeO3 and RMnO3 exhibit coexisting magnetic order and ferroelectricity, and provide exciting platforms for new physics and potentially novel devices, where intriguing interplay between phonons and magnons exists. In this review, we paint a complete picture of bulk BiFeO3 together with orthorhombic and hexagonal RMnO3 (R includes rare-earth elements and yttrium) by summarizing the dynamics of spin and lattice and their magnetoelectric coupling, as well as the methods of controlling these characteristics under non-equilibrium conditions, from experimental and simulation perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ben Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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47
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Havryliuk Y, Selyshchev O, Valakh M, Raevskaya A, Stroyuk O, Schmidt C, Dzhagan V, Zahn DRT. Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu 2ZnSnS 4 nanocrystals. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2019; 10:222-227. [PMID: 30746315 PMCID: PMC6350886 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of flash-lamp annealing (FLA) on the re-crystallization of thin films made of colloidal Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals (NCs) is investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Unlike similar previous studies of NCs synthesized at high temperatures in organic solvents, NCs in this work, which have diameters as small as 2-6 nm, were synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions in aqueous solution using small molecules as stabilizers. We establish the range of FLA conditions providing an efficient re-crystallization in the thin film of NCs, while preserving their kesterite structure and improving their crystallinity remarkably. The formation of secondary phases at higher FLA power densities, as well as the dependence of the formation on the film thickness are also investigated. Importantly, no inert atmosphere for the FLA treatment of the NCs is required, which makes this technology even more suitable for mass production, in particular for printed thin films on flexible substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevhenii Havryliuk
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Selyshchev
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Mykhailo Valakh
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Alexandra Raevskaya
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Stroyuk
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- L. V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Constance Schmidt
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Dzhagan
- V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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48
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Friák M, Zelený M, Všianská M, Holec D, Šob M. An Ab Initio Study of Connections between Tensorial Elastic Properties and Chemical Bonds in Σ5(210) Grain Boundaries in Ni₃Si. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:ma11112263. [PMID: 30428570 PMCID: PMC6265990 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Using quantum-mechanical methods we calculate and analyze (tensorial) anisotropic elastic properties of the ground-state configurations of interface states associated with Σ 5(210) grain boundaries (GBs) in cubic L1 2 -structure Ni 3 Si. We assess the mechanical stability of interface states with two different chemical compositions at the studied GB by checking rigorous elasticity-based Born stability criteria. In particular, we show that a GB variant containing both Ni and Si atoms at the interface is unstable with respect to shear deformation (one of the elastic constants, C 55 , is negative). This instability is found for a rectangular-parallelepiped supercell obtained when applying standard coincidence-lattice construction. Our elastic-constant analysis allowed us to identify a shear-deformation mode reducing the energy and, eventually, to obtain mechanically stable ground-state characterized by a shear-deformed parallelepiped supercell. Alternatively, we tested a stabilization of this GB interface state by Al substituents replacing Si atoms at the GB. We further discuss an atomistic origin of this instability in terms of the crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) and phonon dispersion calculations. We find that the unstable GB variant shows a very strong interaction between the Si atoms in the GB plane and Ni atoms in the 3rd plane off the GB interface. However, such bond reinforcement results in weakening of interaction between the Ni atoms in the 3rd plane and the Si atoms in the 5th plane making this GB variant mechanically unstable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Friák
- Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Žižkova 22, CZ-616 62 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Zelený
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, CZ-616 69 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 5, CZ-121 16 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Monika Všianská
- Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Žižkova 22, CZ-616 62 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - David Holec
- Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
| | - Mojmír Šob
- Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Žižkova 22, CZ-616 62 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
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49
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Singh B, Gupta MK, Mittal R, Zbiri M, Hodgson SA, Goodwin AL, Schober H, Chaplot SL. Anomalous Lattice Dynamics in AgC 4N 3: Insights From Inelastic Neutron Scattering and Density Functional Calculations. Front Chem 2018; 6:544. [PMID: 30483494 PMCID: PMC6240580 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have performed temperature dependent inelastic neutron scattering measurements to study the anharmonicity of phonon spectra of AgC4N3. The analysis and interpretation of the experimental spectra is done using ab-initio lattice dynamics calculations. The calculated phonon spectrum over the entire Brillouin zone is used to derive linear thermal expansion coefficients. The effect of van der Waals interaction on structure stability has been investigated using advanced density functional methods. The calculated isothermal equation of states implies a negative linear compressibility along the c-axis of the crystal, which also leads to a negative thermal expansion along this direction. The role of elastic properties inducing the observed anomalous lattice behavior is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baltej Singh
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Mayanak K. Gupta
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ranjan Mittal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Sarah A. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew L. Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Samrath L. Chaplot
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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50
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Ishibe T, Tomeda A, Watanabe K, Kamakura Y, Mori N, Naruse N, Mera Y, Yamashita Y, Nakamura Y. Methodology of Thermoelectric Power Factor Enhancement by Controlling Nanowire Interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:37709-37716. [PMID: 30346133 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous realization of low thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric power factor in materials has long been the goal for the social use of high-performance thermoelectric modules. Nanostructuring approaches have drawn considerable attention because of the success in reducing thermal conductivity. On the contrary, enhancement of the thermoelectric power factor, namely, the simultaneous increase of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity, has been difficult. We propose a method for the power factor enhancement by introducing coherent homoepitaxial interfaces with controlled dopant concentration, which enables the quasiballistic transmission of high-energy carriers. The wavenumber of the high-energy carriers is nearly conserved through the interfaces, resulting in simultaneous realization of a high Seebeck coefficient and relatively high electrical mobility. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the dopant-controlled epitaxial interface effect for the thermoelectric power factor enhancement using our "embedded-ZnO nanowire structure" having high-quality nanowire interfaces. This presents the methodology for substantial power factor enhancement by interface carrier scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ishibe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Atsuki Tomeda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Kentaro Watanabe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
| | - Yoshinari Kamakura
- Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Nobuya Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Naruse
- Faculty of Medicine , Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Shiga 520-2192 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Mera
- Faculty of Medicine , Shiga University of Medical Science , Otsu , Shiga 520-2192 , Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamashita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 1-1-1 Umezono , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8563 , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science , Osaka University , 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho , Toyonaka , Osaka 560-8531 , Japan
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