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Frye BM, Negrey JD, Johnson CSC, Kim J, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Chiou KL, Snyder-Mackler N, Montine TJ, Craft S, Shively CA, Register TC. Mediterranean diet protects against a neuroinflammatory cortical transcriptome: Associations with brain volumetrics, peripheral inflammation, social isolation, and anxiety in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis). Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:681-692. [PMID: 38636565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean diets may be neuroprotective and prevent cognitive decline relative to Western diets; however, the underlying biology is poorly understood. We assessed the effects of Western versus Mediterranean-like diets on RNAseq-generated transcriptional profiles in lateral temporal cortex and their relationships with longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy, circulating monocyte gene expression, and observations of social isolation and anxiety in 38 socially-housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Diet resulted in differential expression of seven transcripts (FDR < 0.05). Cyclin dependent kinase 14 (CDK14), a proinflammatory regulator, was lower in the Mediterranean group. The remaining six transcripts [i.e., "lunatic fringe" (LFNG), mannose receptor C type 2 (MRC2), solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLCA32), butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 (BTN2A1), katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1), and transmembrane protein 268 (TMEM268)] were higher in cortex of the Mediterranean group and generally associated with anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective pathways. KATNB1 encodes a subcomponent of katanin, important in maintaining microtubule homeostasis. BTN2A1 is involved in immunomodulation of γδ T-cells which have anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects. CDK14, LFNG, MRC2, and SLCA32 are associated with inflammatory pathways. The latter four differentially expressed cortex transcripts were associated with peripheral monocyte transcript levels, neuroanatomical changes determined by MRI, and with social isolation and anxiety. These results provide important insights into the potential mechanistic processes linking diet, peripheral and central inflammation, and behavior. Collectively, our results provide evidence that, relative to Western diets, Mediterranean diets confer protection against peripheral and central inflammation which is reflected in preserved brain structure and socioemotional behavior. Ultimately, such protective effects may confer resilience to the development of neuropathology and associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Biology, Emory and Henry College, Emory, VA, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jacob D Negrey
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jeongchul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Richard A Barcus
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christopher T Whitlow
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth L Chiou
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Craft
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Ma D, Stocks J, Rosen H, Kantarci K, Lockhart SN, Bateman JR, Craft S, Gurcan MN, Popuri K, Beg MF, Wang L. Differential diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia subtypes with explainable deep learning on structural MRI. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1331677. [PMID: 38384484 PMCID: PMC10879283 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1331677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represents a collection of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive syndromes that are associated with a significant degree of clinical, pathological, and genetic heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity hinders the identification of effective biomarkers, preventing effective targeted recruitment of participants in clinical trials for developing potential interventions and treatments. In the present study, we aim to automatically differentiate patients with three clinical phenotypes of FTD, behavioral-variant FTD (bvFTD), semantic variant PPA (svPPA), and nonfluent variant PPA (nfvPPA), based on their structural MRI by training a deep neural network (DNN). Methods Data from 277 FTD patients (173 bvFTD, 63 nfvPPA, and 41 svPPA) recruited from two multi-site neuroimaging datasets: the Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Neuroimaging Initiative and the ARTFL-LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration databases. Raw T1-weighted MRI data were preprocessed and parcellated into patch-based ROIs, with cortical thickness and volume features extracted and harmonized to control the confounding effects of sex, age, total intracranial volume, cohort, and scanner difference. A multi-type parallel feature embedding framework was trained to classify three FTD subtypes with a weighted cross-entropy loss function used to account for unbalanced sample sizes. Feature visualization was achieved through post-hoc analysis using an integrated gradient approach. Results The proposed differential diagnosis framework achieved a mean balanced accuracy of 0.80 for bvFTD, 0.82 for nfvPPA, 0.89 for svPPA, and an overall balanced accuracy of 0.84. Feature importance maps showed more localized differential patterns among different FTD subtypes compared to groupwise statistical mapping. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of using explainable deep-learning-based parallel feature embedding and visualization framework on MRI-derived multi-type structural patterns to differentiate three clinically defined subphenotypes of FTD: bvFTD, nfvPPA, and svPPA, which could help with the identification of at-risk populations for early and precise diagnosis for intervention planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jane Stocks
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Howard Rosen
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Metin N. Gurcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Karteek Popuri
- Department of Computer Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Mirza Faisal Beg
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Zukowski LA, Fino PC, Levin I, Hsieh KL, Lockhart SN, Miller ME, Laurienti PJ, Kritchevsky SB, Hugenschmidt CE. Age and beta amyloid deposition impact gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface in older adults. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 93:103175. [PMID: 38198920 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capturing a measure of movement quality during a complex walking task may indicate the earliest signs of detrimental changes to the brain due to beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition and be a potential differentiator of older adults at elevated and low risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to determine: 1) age-related differences in gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface, by comparing young adults (YA) and older adults (OA), and 2) if gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness in OA while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface is influenced by the amount of Aβ deposition present in an OA's brain. METHODS Participants included 56 OA (>70 years of age) and 29 YA (25-35 years of age). In OA, Aβ deposition in the brain was quantified by PET imaging. All participants completed a series of cognitive assessments, a functional mobility assessment, and self-report questionnaires. Then participants performed two sets of walking trials on a custom-built walkway containing a mixture of even and uneven surface sections, including three trials with a grass uneven surface and three trials with a rocks uneven surface. Gait data were recorded using a wireless inertial measurement unit system. Stride length, gait speed, and gait smoothness (i.e., log dimensionless lumbar jerk) in the anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and vertical (VT) directions were calculated for each stride. Outcomes were retained for five stride locations immediately surrounding the surface transition. RESULTS OA exhibited slower gait (Grass: p < 0.001; Rocks: p = 0.006), shorter strides (Grass: p < 0.001; Rocks: p = 0.008), and smoother gait (Grass AP: p < 0.001; Rocks AP: p = 0.002; Rocks ML: p = 0.02) than YA, but they also exhibited greater reductions in gait speed and stride length than YA while transitioning to the uneven grass and rocks surfaces. Within the OA group, those with greater Aβ deposition exhibited decreases in smoothness with age (Grass AP: p = 0.02; Rocks AP: p = 0.03; Grass ML: p = 0.04; Rocks ML: p = 0.03), while those with lower Aβ deposition exhibited increasing smoothness with age (Grass AP: p = 0.01; Rocks AP: p = 0.02; Grass ML: p = 0.08; Rocks ML: p = 0.07). Better functional mobility was associated with less smooth gait (Grass ML: p = 0.02; Rocks ML: p = 0.05) and with less variable gait smoothness (Grass and Rocks AP: both p = 0.04) in the OA group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that, relative to YA, OA may be adopting more cautious, compensatory gait strategies to maintain smoothness when approaching surface transitions. However, OA with greater Aβ deposition may have limited ability to adopt compensatory gait strategies to increase the smoothness of their walking as they get older because of neuropathological changes altering the sensory integration process and causing worse dynamic balance (i.e., jerkier gait). Functional mobility, in addition to age and Aβ deposition, may be an important factor of whether or not an OA chooses to employ compensatory strategies to prioritize smoothness while walking and what type of compensatory strategy an OA chooses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Zukowski
- Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, United States of America.
| | - Peter C Fino
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Ilana Levin
- Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, United States of America
| | - Katherine L Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael E Miller
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paul J Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Ong SS, Peavey JJ, Hiatt KD, Whitlow CT, Sappington RM, Thompson AC, Lockhart SN, Chen H, Craft S, Rapp SR, Fitzpatrick AL, Heckbert SR, Luchsinger JA, Klein BEK, Meuer SM, Cotch MF, Wong TY, Hughes TM. Association of fractal dimension and other retinal vascular network parameters with cognitive performance and neuroimaging biomarkers: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:941-953. [PMID: 37828734 PMCID: PMC10916935 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinal vascular network changes may reflect the integrity of the cerebral microcirculation, and may be associated with cognitive impairment. METHODS Associations of retinal vascular measures with cognitive function and MRI biomarkers were examined amongst Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants in North Carolina who had gradable retinal photographs at Exams 2 (2002 to 2004, n = 313) and 5 (2010 to 2012, n = 306), and detailed cognitive testing and MRI at Exam 6 (2016 to 2018). RESULTS After adjustment for covariates and multiple comparisons, greater arteriolar fractal dimension (FD) at Exam 2 was associated with less isotropic free water of gray matter regions (β = -0.0005, SE = 0.0024, p = 0.01) at Exam 6, while greater arteriolar FD at Exam 5 was associated with greater gray matter cortical volume (in mm3 , β = 5458, SE = 20.17, p = 0.04) at Exam 6. CONCLUSION Greater arteriolar FD, reflecting greater complexity of the branching pattern of the retinal arteries, is associated with MRI biomarkers indicative of less neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally S. Ong
- Department of OphthalmologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jeremy J. Peavey
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kevin D. Hiatt
- Department of RadiologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Christopher T. Whitlow
- Department of RadiologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Rebecca M. Sappington
- Department of OphthalmologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of BiochemistryWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Atalie C. Thompson
- Department of OphthalmologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Stephen R. Rapp
- Biostatistics and Data ScienceWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - José A. Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and EpidemiologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Barbara E. K. Klein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Stacy M Meuer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Tien Y. Wong
- Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore National Eye CenterOphthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical ProgramDuke‐NUS Medical SchoolSingapore
- Tsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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Duran T, Gaussoin SA, Latham LA, Rundle MM, Espeland MA, Williams BJ, Hughes TM, Craft S, Sachs BC, Bateman JR, Lockhart SN. Examining a Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite for Telehealth Administration for Reliability Between In-Person and Remote Cognitive Testing with Neuroimaging Biomarkers. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:679-691. [PMID: 38669545 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background The preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (PACC) was developed for in-person administration to capture subtle cognitive decline. At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, cognitive testing was increasingly performed remotely by telephone or video administration. It is desirable to have a harmonized composite measurement derived from both in-person and remote assessments for identifying cognitive changes and to examine its relationship with common neuroimaging biomarkers. Objective We defined a telehealth compatible PACC (tPACC) and examined its relationship with neuroimaging biomarkers related to neurodegeneration, brain function and perfusion, white matter integrity, and amyloid-β. Methods We examined 648 participants' neuroimaging and in-person and remote cognitive testing data from the Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center's Clinical Core cohort (observational study) to calculate a modified PACC (PACC5-RAVLT) score and tPACC scores (in-person and remote). We performed Spearman/intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses for reliability of tPACC scores and linear regression models to evaluate associations between tPACC and neuroimaging. Bland-Altman plots for agreement were constructed across cognitively normal and impaired (mild cognitive impairment and dementia) participants. Results There was a significant positive relationship between tPACCin - person and PACC5-RAVLT (Overall group: r2 = 0.94, N = 648), and tPACCin - person and tPACCremote (validation subgroup: ICC = 0.82, n = 53). Overall, tPACC showed significant associations with brain thickness/volume, gray matter perfusion, white matter free water, and amyloid-β deposition. Conclusions There is a good agreement between tPACCand PACC5-RAVLTfor cognitively normal and impaired individuals. The tPACC is associated with common neuroimaging markers of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Duran
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sarah A Gaussoin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lauren A Latham
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Melissa M Rundle
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin J Williams
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bonnie C Sachs
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James R Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Chun MY, Jang H, Kim SJ, Park YH, Yun J, Lockhart SN, Weiner M, De Carli C, Moon SH, Choi JY, Nam KR, Byun BH, Lim SM, Kim JP, Choe YS, Kim YJ, Na DL, Kim HJ, Seo SW. Emerging role of vascular burden in AT(N) classification in individuals with Alzheimer's and concomitant cerebrovascular burdens. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 95:44-51. [PMID: 37558399 PMCID: PMC10803958 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-331603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by amyloid-beta accumulation (A), tau aggregation (T) and neurodegeneration (N). Vascular (V) burden has been found concomitantly with AD pathology and has synergistic effects on cognitive decline with AD biomarkers. We determined whether cognitive trajectories of AT(N) categories differed according to vascular (V) burden. METHODS We prospectively recruited 205 participants and classified them into groups based on the AT(N) system using neuroimaging markers. Abnormal V markers were identified based on the presence of severe white matter hyperintensities. RESULTS In A+ category, compared with the frequency of Alzheimer's pathological change category (A+T-), the frequency of AD category (A+T+) was significantly lower in V+ group (31.8%) than in V- group (64.4%) (p=0.004). Each AT(N) biomarker was predictive of cognitive decline in the V+ group as well as in the V- group (p<0.001). Additionally, the V+ group showed more severe cognitive trajectories than the V- group in the non-Alzheimer's pathological changes (A-T+, A-N+; p=0.002) and Alzheimer's pathological changes (p<0.001) categories. CONCLUSION The distribution and longitudinal outcomes of AT(N) system differed according to vascular burdens, suggesting the importance of incorporating a V biomarker into the AT(N) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Chun
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer's Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jihwan Yun
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Charles De Carli
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Departmentof Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Choi
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Nam
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Byun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Moo Lim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer's Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yeong Sim Choe
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer's Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute (CGTI), Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer's Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer's Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Negrey JD, Frye BM, Johnson CSC, Kim J, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Sutphen C, Chiou KL, Snyder-Mackler N, Montine TJ, Craft S, Shively CA, Register TC. Mediterranean Diet Protects Against a Neuroinflammatory Cortical Transcriptome: Associations with Brain Volumetrics, Peripheral Inflammation, Social Isolation and Anxiety. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.01.565068. [PMID: 37961556 PMCID: PMC10635044 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.01.565068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mediterranean diets may be neuroprotective and prevent cognitive decline relative to Western diets, however the underlying biology is poorly understood. METHODS We assessed the effects of Western vs. Mediterranean-like diets on RNAseq generated transcriptional profiles in temporal cortex and their relationships with changes in MRI neuroimaging phenotypes, circulating monocyte gene expression, and observations of social isolation and anxiety in 38 socially-housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus macaques. RESULTS Diet resulted in differential expression of seven transcripts (FDR<0.05). Cyclin dependent kinase 14 ( CDK14 ), a proinflammatory regulator, was lower in the Mediterranean group. The remaining six transcripts [i.e., "lunatic fringe" ( LFNG ), mannose receptor C type 2 ( MRC2 ), solute carrier family 3 member 2 ( SLCA32 ), butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 ( BTN2A1 ), katanin regulatory subunit B1 ( KATNB1 ), and transmembrane protein 268 ( TMEM268 )] were higher in cortex of the Mediterranean group and generally associated with anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective pathways. KATNB1 encodes a subcomponent of katanin, important in maintaining microtubule homeostasis. BTN2A1 is involved in immunomodulation of γδ T-cells which have anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects. CDK14 , LFNG , MRC2, and SLCA32 are associated with inflammatory pathways. The latter four differentially expressed cortex transcripts were associated with monocyte transcript levels, changes in AD-relevant brain volumes determined by MRI over the course of the study, and social isolation and anxiety. CDK14 was positively correlated with monocyte inflammatory transcripts, changes in total brain, gray matter, cortical gray matter volumes, and time alone and anxious behavior, and negatively correlated with changes in total white matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes. In contrast, LFNG , MRC2 , and SLCA32 were negatively correlated with monocyte inflammatory transcripts and changes in total gray matter volume, and positively correlated with CSF volume changes, and SLCA32 was negatively correlated with time alone. DISCUSSION Collectively, our results suggest that relative to Western diets, Mediterranean diets confer protection against peripheral and central inflammation which is reflected in preserved brain structure and behavior.
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Kumar A, Su Y, Sharma M, Singh S, Kim S, Peavey JJ, Suerken CK, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Craft S, Hughes TM, Deep G. MicroRNA expression in extracellular vesicles as a novel blood-based biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4952-4966. [PMID: 37071449 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in blood offer unique cellular and molecular information related to the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We simultaneously enriched six specific sEV subtypes from the plasma and analyzed a selected panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) in older adults with/without cognitive impairment. METHODS Total sEVs were isolated from the plasma of participants with normal cognition (CN; n = 11), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 11), MCI conversion to AD dementia (MCI-AD; n = 6), and AD dementia (n = 11). Various brain cell-derived sEVs (from neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells) were enriched and analyzed for specific miRNAs. RESULTS miRNAs in sEV subtypes differentially expressed in MCI, MCI-AD, and AD dementia compared to the CN group clearly distinguished dementia status, with an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.90 and correlated with the temporal cortical region thickness on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DISCUSSION miRNA analyses in specific sEVs could serve as a novel blood-based molecular biomarker for AD. HIGHLIGHTS Multiple brain cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) could be isolated simultaneously from blood. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression in sEVs could detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) with high specificity and sensitivity. miRNA expression in sEVs correlated with cortical region thickness on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Altered expression of miRNAs in sEVCD31 and sEVPDGFRβ suggested vascular dysfunction. miRNA expression in sEVs could predict the activation state of specific brain cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yixin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mitu Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susy Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeremy J Peavey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cynthia K Suerken
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher T Whitlow
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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9
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Bhoopal B, Gollapelli KK, Damuka N, Miller M, Krizan I, Bansode A, Register T, Frye BM, Kim J, Mintz A, Orr M, Craft S, Whitlow C, Lockhart SN, Shively CA, Solingapuram Sai KK. Preliminary PET Imaging of Microtubule-Based PET Radioligand [ 11C]MPC-6827 in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3745-3751. [PMID: 37724996 PMCID: PMC10966409 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) instability observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly attributed to hyperphosphorylation of the MT-associated protein, tau. In vivo PET imaging offers an opportunity to gain critical information about MT changes with the onset and development of AD and related dementia. We developed the first brain-penetrant MT PET ligand, [11C]MPC-6827, and evaluated its in vivo imaging utility in vervet monkeys. Consistent with our previous in vitro cell uptake and in vivo rodent imaging experiments, [11C]MPC-6827 uptake increased with MT destabilization. Radioactive uptake was inversely related to (cerebrospinal fluid) CSF Aβ42 levels and directly related to age in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of AD. Additionally, in vitro autoradiography studies also corroborated PET imaging results. Here, we report the preliminary results of PET imaging with [11C]MPC-6827 in four female vervet monkeys with high or low CSF Aβ42 levels, which have been shown to correlate with the Aβ plaque burden, similar to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvanachandra Bhoopal
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Krishna Kumar Gollapelli
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Naresh Damuka
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Mack Miller
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Ivan Krizan
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Avinash Bansode
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Thomas Register
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Brett M Frye
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Jeongchul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Miranda Orr
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Christopher Whitlow
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
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Grayson JM, Short SM, Lee CJ, Park N, Marsac C, Sette A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Leng XI, Lockhart SN, Craft S. T cell exhaustion is associated with cognitive status and amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15779. [PMID: 37737298 PMCID: PMC10516910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last 100 years have suggested a link between inflammation, infectious disease, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Understanding how the immune system changes during the development of AD may facilitate new treatments. Here, we studied an aging cohort who had been assessed for AD pathology with amyloid positron emission tomography and cognitive testing, and conducted high dimensional flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear and cerebrospinal fluid cells. Participants were assigned a classification of being amyloid negative cognitively normal, amyloid positive cognitively normal (APCN), or amyloid positive mild cognitive impairment (APMCI), an early stage of AD. We observed major alterations in the peripheral innate immune system including increased myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the blood of APMCI participants. When the adaptive immune system was examined, amyloid positive participants, regardless of cognitive status, had increased CD3+ T cells. Further analyses of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells revealed that APMCI participants had an increase in more differentiated phenotype T cells, such as effector memory and effector memory CD45RA expressing (TEMRA), compared to those with normal cognition. When T cell function was measured, we observed that T cells from APCN participants had increased IFNγ+GzB- producing cells compared to the other participants. In contrast, we demonstrate that APMCI participants had a major increase in T cells that lacked cytokine production following restimulation and expressed increased levels of PD-1 and Tox, suggesting these are exhausted cells. Rejuvenation of these cells may provide a potential treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Grayson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 525 Wake Forest Biotech Place, 525 Patterson Avenue Room 2N051, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
| | - Samantha M Short
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 525 Wake Forest Biotech Place, 525 Patterson Avenue Room 2N051, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - C Jiah Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 525 Wake Forest Biotech Place, 525 Patterson Avenue Room 2N051, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Nuri Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 525 Wake Forest Biotech Place, 525 Patterson Avenue Room 2N051, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Caitlyn Marsac
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 525 Wake Forest Biotech Place, 525 Patterson Avenue Room 2N051, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyan I Leng
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, One Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, One Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, One Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Kim D, Lipford ME, He H, Ding Q, Ivanovic V, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Whitlow CT, Jung Y. Parametric cerebral blood flow and arterial transit time mapping using a 3D convolutional neural network. Magn Reson Med 2023; 90:583-595. [PMID: 37092852 PMCID: PMC10847038 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To reduce the total scan time of multiple postlabeling delay (multi-PLD) pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) by developing a hierarchically structured 3D convolutional neural network (H-CNN) that estimates the arterial transit time (ATT) and cerebral blow flow (CBF) maps from the reduced number of PLDs as well as averages. METHODS A total of 48 subjects (38 females and 10 males), aged 56-80 years, compromising a training group (n = 45) and a validation group (n = 3) underwent MRI including multi-PLD pCASL. We proposed an H-CNN to estimate the ATT and CBF maps using a reduced number of PLDs and a separately reduced number of averages. The proposed method was compared with a conventional nonlinear model fitting method using the mean absolute error (MAE). RESULTS The H-CNN provided the MAEs of 32.69 ms for ATT and 3.32 mL/100 g/min for CBF estimations using a full data set that contains six PLDs and six averages in the 3 test subjects. The H-CNN also showed that the smaller number of PLDs can be used to estimate both ATT and CBF without significant discrepancy from the reference (MAEs of 231.45 ms for ATT and 9.80 mL/100 g/min for CBF using three of six PLDs). CONCLUSION The proposed machine learning-based ATT and CBF mapping offers substantially reduced scan time of multi-PLD pCASL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Megan E. Lipford
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hongjian He
- Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Vladimir Ivanovic
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher T. Whitlow
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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12
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Bateman JR, Krishnamurthy S, Quillen EE, Waugh CE, Kershaw KN, Lockhart SN, Hughes TM, Seeman TE, Cole SW, Craft S. Social genomics, cognition, and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. medRxiv 2023:2023.05.31.23290618. [PMID: 37333113 PMCID: PMC10274989 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.31.23290618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse psychosocial exposure is associated with increased proinflammatory gene expression and reduced type-1 interferon gene expression, a profile known as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). Little is known about CTRA activity in the context of cognitive impairment, although chronic inflammatory activation has been posited as one mechanism contributing to late-life cognitive decline. METHODS We studied 171 community-dwelling older adults from the Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center who answered questions via a telephone questionnaire battery about their perceived stress, loneliness, well-being, and impact of COVID-19 on their life, and who provided a self-collected dried blood spot sample. Of those, 148 had adequate samples for mRNA analysis, and 143 were included in the final analysis, which including participants adjudicated as having normal cognition (NC, n = 91) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 52) were included in the analysis. Mixed effect linear models were used to quantify associations between psychosocial variables and CTRA gene expression. RESULTS In both NC and MCI groups, eudaimonic well-being (typically associated with a sense of purpose) was inversely associated with CTRA gene expression whereas hedonic well-being (typically associated with pleasure seeking) was positively associated. In participants with NC, coping through social support was associated with lower CTRA gene expression, whereas coping by distraction and reframing was associated with higher CTRA gene expression. CTRA gene expression was not related to coping strategies for participants with MCI, or to either loneliness or perceived stress in either group. DISCUSSION Eudaimonic and hedonic well-being remain important correlates of molecular markers of stress, even in people with MCI. However, prodromal cognitive decline appears to moderate the significance of coping strategies as a correlate of CTRA gene expression. These results suggest that MCI can selectively alter biobehavioral interactions in ways that could potentially affect the rate of future cognitive decline and may serve as targets for future intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salisbury VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC, USA
| | - Sudarshan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ellen E. Quillen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christian E. Waugh
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kiarri N. Kershaw
- Department of Preventive Medicine (Epidemiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Teresa E. Seeman
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Krishnamurthy S, Harrison W, Craft S, Lockhart SN, Bateman JR. When prion disease Isn't suspected: prion disease as the cause of terminal decline in chronic mixed dementia. Neurocase 2023; 29:92-97. [PMID: 38687122 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2024.2346990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, although multiple pathologies are found in nearly half of the cases with clinically diagnosed AD. Prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), are rare causes of dementia and typically manifest as a rapidly progressive dementia, where symptom onset to dementia most often occurs over the course of months. In this brief report, we describe a patient's typically progressive dementia with a precipitous decline at the end of their life who, on neuropathological evaluation, was found to have multiple neurodegenerative proteinopathies as well as spongiform encephalopathy due to CJD. This case of unsuspected CJD highlights a rare, but epidemiologically important, cause of sudden decline in well-established neurodegenerative dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - William Harrison
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James R Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Harrison TM, Ward TJ, Murphy A, Baker SL, Dominguez PA, Koeppe R, Vemuri P, Lockhart SN, Jung Y, Harvey DJ, Lovato L, Toga AW, Masdeu J, Oh H, Gitelman DR, Aggarwal N, Snyder HM, Baker LD, DeCarli C, Jagust WJ, Landau SM. Optimizing quantification of MK6240 tau PET in unimpaired older adults. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119761. [PMID: 36455762 PMCID: PMC9957642 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate measurement of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in older adults without significant clinical impairment is critical to assessing intervention strategies aimed at slowing AD-related cognitive decline. The U.S. Study to Protect Brain Health Through Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Risk (POINTER) is a 2-year randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of multicomponent risk reduction strategies in older adults (60-79 years) who are cognitively unimpaired but at increased risk for cognitive decline/dementia due to factors such as cardiovascular disease and family history. The POINTER Imaging ancillary study is collecting tau-PET ([18F]MK6240), beta-amyloid (Aβ)-PET ([18F]florbetaben [FBB]) and MRI data to evaluate neuroimaging biomarkers of AD and cerebrovascular pathophysiology in this at-risk sample. Here 481 participants (70.0±5.0; 66% F) with baseline MK6240, FBB and structural MRI scans were included. PET scans were coregistered to the structural MRI which was used to create FreeSurfer-defined reference regions and target regions of interest (ROIs). We also created off-target signal (OTS) ROIs to examine the magnitude and distribution of MK6240 OTS across the brain as well as relationships between OTS and age, sex, and race. OTS was unimodally distributed, highly correlated across OTS ROIs and related to younger age and sex but not race. Aiming to identify an optimal processing approach for MK6240 that would reduce the influence of OTS, we compared our previously validated MRI-guided standard PET processing and 6 alternative approaches. The alternate approaches included combinations of reference region erosion and meningeal OTS masking before spatial smoothing as well as partial volume correction. To compare processing approaches we examined relationships between target ROIs (entorhinal cortex (ERC), hippocampus or a temporal meta-ROI (MetaROI)) SUVR and age, sex, race, Aβ and a general cognitive status measure, the Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICSm). Overall, the processing approaches performed similarly, and none showed a meaningful improvement over standard processing. Across processing approaches we observed previously reported relationships with MK6240 target ROIs including positive associations with age, an Aβ+> Aβ- effect and negative associations with cognition. In sum, we demonstrated that different methods for minimizing effects of OTS, which is highly correlated across the brain within subject, produced no substantive change in our performance metrics. This is likely because OTS contaminates both reference and target regions and this contamination largely cancels out in SUVR data. Caution should be used when efforts to reduce OTS focus on target or reference regions in isolation as this may exacerbate OTS contamination in SUVR data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William J Jagust
- University of California Berkeley, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Kim J, Harvey DJ, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Baker LD, Whitlow CT, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Effects of Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Factors on Cerebrovascular Dynamics in Gray Matter. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim M. Hughes
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | - Jeongchul Kim
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | - Suzanne Craft
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Sanderlin AH, Lockhart SN, Hayden KM, Craft S, Yang M, Sachs BC, Cleveland M, Williams BJ, Williamson JD, Bateman JR. Mild behavioral impairment is associated with sleep apnea, insomnia and brain white matter hyperintensity burden. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.069378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mia Yang
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Ma D, Popuri K, Wang L, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Gurcan MN, Beg MF. Distinctive age‐related longitudinal dementia progression patterns using a machine‐learning‐based MRI biomarker. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Ma
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
- Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
| | - Karteek Popuri
- Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
- Memorial University Of Newfoundland St. John’s NF Canada
| | - Lei Wang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Cente Columbus OH USA
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Kim J, Harvey DJ, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Baker LD, Whitlow CT, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. The Relationship between Vascular Risk Factors and White Matter Structural and Vascular Imaging Metrics. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Rundle MM, Peavey JJ, Barcus RA, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Espeland MA, Sai KKS, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Craft S, Bateman JR, Lockhart SN, Hughes TM. In vivo biomarkers of arteriolosclerosis are associated with ADRD biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.064528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Lockhart SN, Rundle MM, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Sai KKS, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Bateman JR, Hughes TM, Craft S. Impaired glucose tolerance in Mild Cognitive Impairment is associated with lower brain amyloid on PET. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Coffin CA, Suerken C, Bateman JR, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Espeland MA, Sachs BC, Cleveland M, Yang M, Rogers SD, Hayden KM, Baker LD, Williamson JD, Craft S, Hughes TM, Lockhart SN. Vascular and Microstructural Markers of Cognitive Pathology. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.065669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mia Yang
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | - Suzanne Craft
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | - Tim M. Hughes
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem NC USA
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22
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Frye BM, Craft S, Register TC, Kim J, Whitlow CT, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Sai KKS, Shively CA. White Matter Fractional Anisotropy in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Early Alzheimer’s Disease‐like Neuropathology: Relationships with Social Status and Physiologic Measures of Stress Responses. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Frye
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
- Emory and Henry College Emory VA USA
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23
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Rundle MM, Peavey JJ, Barcus RA, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Espeland MA, Sai KKS, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Craft S, Bateman JR, Lockhart SN, Hughes TM. In vivo biomarkers of arteriolosclerosis are associated with ADRD biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.065118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Kim J, Harvey DJ, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Baker LD, Whitlow CT, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Effects of Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Factors on Cerebrovascular Dynamics in Gray Matter. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.060038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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25
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Lockhart SN, Rundle MM, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Sai KKS, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Bateman JR, Hughes TM, Craft S. Impaired glucose tolerance in Mild Cognitive Impairment is associated with lower brain amyloid on PET. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Bateman JR, Waugh CE, Kershaw KN, Quillen EE, Lockhart SN, Peavey JJ, Hughes TM, Cole SW, Seeman TE, Craft S. Perceived Stress and Loneliness During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in a Cognitive Aging Cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kiarri N Kershaw
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA
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27
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Kim J, Harvey DJ, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Baker LD, Whitlow CT, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. The Relationship between Vascular Risk Factors and White Matter Structural and Vascular Imaging Metrics. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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28
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Jung Y, Hong SY, Kim D, Vemuri P, Borowski BJ, Jack CR, Koeppe RA, Lockhart SN, Harrison TM, Gordineer L, Woolard N, Espeland MA, Harvey DJ, Lovato L, Toga AW, Masdeu JC, Oh H, Gitelman DR, Aggarwal NT, Carrillo MC, Snyder HM, Whitmer RA, Baker LD, DeCarli CS, Landau SM. Choice of Inversion Time for Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in the U.S. POINTER Lifestyle Intervention Trial. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Lovato
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | - Arthur W. Toga
- Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | - Hwamee Oh
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA
| | | | - Neelum T. Aggarwal
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Department of Neurological Sciences Chicago IL USA
| | | | | | | | - Laura D. Baker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Duran T, Bateman JR, Williams BJ, Hughes TM, Barcus RA, Peavey JJ, Okonmah‐Obazee SE, Whitlow CT, Craft S, Lockhart SN. Generalized
q
‐sampling imaging‐based fiber tracking measures of white matter tracts in cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Duran
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Duran T, Bateman JR, Williams BJ, Espeland MA, Hughes TM, Okonmah-Obazee S, Rundle MM, Craft S, Lockhart SN. Neuroimaging and clinical characteristics of cognitive migration in community-dwelling older adults. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103232. [PMID: 36244197 PMCID: PMC9668626 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple neuroimaging and clinical biomarkers have been identified to predict cognitive decline and clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. However, early biomarkers associated with transition to and reversion from cognitive impairment (cognitive migration) require further understanding. We investigated the impacts of baseline neuroimaging and clinical biomarkers on cognitive migration in a community-dwelling older cohort. METHODS We studied 391 participants from the Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Clinical Core cohort who underwent neuropsychological assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At baseline, each participant was categorized to a functional/cognitive state using global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score: CDR = 0 indicates normal cognitive function; CDR = 0.5 is minimal cognitive impairment. The primary outcome was cognitive migration status determined by CDR change between baseline and follow-up (mean difference = 13.9 months): CDR-0 Stables (no migration; maintained CDR = 0), CDR-0.5 Stables (no migration; maintained CDR = 0.5), Migrants- (negative migration; CDR 0 to CDR 0.5), and Reverters+ (positive migration; CDR 0.5 to CDR 0). Baseline T1-weighted MRI was analyzed for gray matter (GM) volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). For VBM, we used a two-sample t-test controlling for age, sex, education years and intracranial volume for group comparisons: CDR-0 Stables vs CDR-0.5 Stables, CDR-0 Stables vs Migrants-, CDR-0.5 Stables vs Reverters+ and Migrants- vs Reverters+ (thresholded at k = 30 voxels, p <.01 uncorrected). Oral Glucose Tolerance Testing (OGTT-2h) assessed blood glucose 120-minute post challenge. Multinomial logistic regression estimated average predicted probabilities of cognitive migration status using OGTT-2h and age range (55-65, 65-75 and 75+) as predictors. RESULTS VBM analyses revealed lower GM volume in inferior and middle temporal gyri, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and superior and inferior frontal regions in Migrants- and CDR-0.5 Stables. Predicted probabilities indicated that individuals aged 55-65 with normal OGTT-2h levels were more likely to have better cognitive migration status (e.g., CDR-0 Stables or Reverters+) than those aged 75+ with high OGTT-2h. CONCLUSIONS Lower GM volumes and high OGTT-2h glucose levels may predict worse cognitive migration status in early stages of disease. The opposite is true for better cognitive migration. Validating these biomarkers may guide clinical diagnosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Duran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA,Corresponding author at: Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Williams
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark A. Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA,Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie Okonmah-Obazee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Melissa M. Rundle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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31
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Lipford ME, Craft S, Baker LD, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Okonmah-Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Corrigendum: Relationship between cerebrovascular reactivity and cognition among people with risk of cognitive decline. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1020999. [PMID: 36213243 PMCID: PMC9545895 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1020999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Megan E. Lipford
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Laura D. Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christopher T. Whitlow
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Matthew Bobinski
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Youngkyoo Jung,
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32
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Coffin C, Suerken CK, Bateman JR, Whitlow CT, Williams BJ, Espeland MA, Sachs BC, Cleveland M, Yang M, Rogers S, Hayden KM, Baker LD, Williamson J, Craft S, Hughes TM, Lockhart SN. Vascular and microstructural markers of cognitive pathology. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2022; 14:e12332. [PMID: 35814618 PMCID: PMC9257520 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Arterial stiffness may play a role in the development of dementia through poorly understood effects on brain microstructural integrity and perfusion. Methods We examined markers of arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) in relation to cognitive function and brain magnetic resonance imaging macrostructure (gray matter [GM] and white matter [WM] volumes), microstructure (diffusion based free water [FW] and fractional anisotropy [FA]), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in WM and GM in models adjusted for age, race, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E ε4 status. Results Among 460 participants (70 ± 8 years; 44 dementia, 158 mild cognitive impairment, 258 normal cognition), higher cfPWV and SBP were independently associated with higher FW, higher WM hyperintensity volume, and worse cognition (global and executive function). Higher SBP alone was significantly associated with lower WM and GM CBF. Discussion Arterial stiffness is associated with impaired WM microstructure and global and executive cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Coffin
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Cynthia K. Suerken
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceDivision of Public Health SciencesWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - James R. Bateman
- Department of NeurologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Benjamin J. Williams
- Department of NeurologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mark A. Espeland
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceDivision of Public Health SciencesWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Bonnie C. Sachs
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of NeurologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Maryjo Cleveland
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mia Yang
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Samantha Rogers
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health PolicyDivision of Public Health SciencesWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Laura D. Baker
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jeff Williamson
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal MedicineSection on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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Frye BM, Craft S, Register TC, Kim J, Whitlow CT, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Sai KKS, Shively CA. Early Alzheimer's disease-like reductions in gray matter and cognitive function with aging in nonhuman primates. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2022; 8:e12284. [PMID: 35310523 PMCID: PMC8918111 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Age-related neuropathology associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) often develops well before the onset of symptoms. Given AD's long preclinical period, translational models are needed to identify early signatures of pathological decline. Methods Using structural magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessments, we examined the relationships among age, cognitive performance, and neuroanatomy in 48 vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) ranging from young adults to very old. Results We found negative associations of age with cortical gray matter volume (P = .003) and the temporal-parietal cortical thickness meta-region of interest (P = .001). Additionally, cortical gray matter volumes predicted working memory at approximately 1-year follow-up (correct trials at the 20s delay [P = .008]; correct responses after longer delays [P = .004]). Discussion Cortical gray matter diminishes with age in vervets in regions relevant to AD, which may increase risk of cognitive impairment. This study lays the groundwork for future investigations to test therapeutics to delay or slow pathological decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Frye
- Department of Pathology/Comparative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine/GerontologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Department of Pathology/Comparative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jeongchul Kim
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of RadiologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Christopher T. Whitlow
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of RadiologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Richard A. Barcus
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of RadiologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine/GerontologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
- Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of RadiologyWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Carol A. Shively
- Department of Pathology/Comparative MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA,Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
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Hughes TM, Lockhart SN, Suerken CK, Jung Y, Whitlow CT, Bateman JR, Williams BJ, Espeland MA, Sachs BC, Williamson J, Cleveland M, Yang M, Rogers S, Hayden KM, Baker LD, Craft S. Hypertensive Aspects of Cardiometabolic Disorders Are Associated with Lower Brain Microstructure, Perfusion, and Cognition. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1589-1599. [PMID: 36314205 PMCID: PMC9764872 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic disorders (hypertension, diabetes) are key modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. They often co-occur; yet, the extent to which they independently affect brain structure and function is unclear. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized their combined effect is greater in associations with cognitive function and neuroimaging biomarkers of white matter (WM) health and cerebral perfusion in a diverse older adult cohort. METHODS Participants aged 50-85 years received: clinical evaluation, oral glucose tolerance testing, neuroimaging, cognitive testing, and adjudication. Neuroimaging included: T1 (gray [GM]/WM segmentation, regional volumes/thicknesses); FLAIR (WM hyperintensity volume [WMHv]; arterial spin labeling (cerebral blood flow); diffusion tensor imaging (fractional anisotropy [FA]); and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (Free Water). Hypertension (HTN) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were staged and cardiometabolic status was categorized (HTN only, IGT only, IGT+HTN, neither). Multivariable linear regression modeled associations with cognitive and neuroimaging measures (covariates: age, gender, race). RESULTS MRI was available for 478 participants (35% mild cognitive impairment, 10% dementia) with mean age 70±8 years, 74% with HTN, 61% with IGT, and 15% self-identified as Black/African-American. IGT+HTN was significantly associated with cognitive impairment, higher WM Free Water and WMHv, lower FA, and lower GM perfusion compared to neither factor. HTN alone was associated with poorer cognition and lower GM perfusion. Cardiometabolic factors were not associated with GM macrostructure (volumes, temporal lobe cortical thickness) or cognitive status. CONCLUSION HTN and its co-occurrence with IGT (HTN+IGT) were associated with lower global cognitive performance and reduced GM perfusion and impaired WM microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA,Correspondence to: Samuel N. Lockhart, PhD, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd. Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. Tel.: +1 336 716 8145;
| | - Cynthia K. Suerken
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Mark A. Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA,Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bonnie C. Sachs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeff Williamson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maryjo Cleveland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mia Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samantha Rogers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Laura D. Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Damuka N, Orr ME, Macauley SL, Shively CA, Lockhart SN, Bansode A, Kim J, Frye BM, Register TC, Mintz A, Whitlow CT, Craft S, Solingapuram Sai KK. Initial biological evaluations of a novel microtubule‐based PET ligand in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.054207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Akiva Mintz
- Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
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Jekel C, Kim D, Hughes TM, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Craft S, Baker LD, Okonmah‐Obazee S, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Age‐related association between white matter integrity and cerebral blood flow in white matter. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Harrison TM, Vemuri P, Koeppe RA, Lockhart SN, Jung Y, Borowski BJ, Murphy A, Ward T, Gordineer L, Woolard N, Espeland MA, Harvey DJ, Jagust WJ, Lovato L, Toga AW, Masdeu JC, Oh H, Gitelman DR, Aggarwal NT, Carrillo MC, Snyder HM, Whitmer RA, Baker LD, DeCarli CS, Landau SM. Cross‐sectional amyloid and tau PET in cognitively normal older adults enrolled in the U.S. POINTER lifestyle intervention trial. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.055306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M. Harrison
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alice Murphy
- University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
| | - Tyler Ward
- University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
| | | | | | | | | | - William J. Jagust
- University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
| | - Laura Lovato
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | | | | | - Hwamee Oh
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Lipford ME, Craft S, Baker LD, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Okonmah‐Obazee S, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Regional cerebrovascular reactivity and cognitive performance among people with risk of cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Youngkyoo Jung
- University of California Davis Davis CA USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Hughes TM, Schaich CL, Lockhart SN, Hiatt K, Whitlow CT, Jung Y, Bertoni A, Burke GL, Solingapuram Sai KK, Heckbert S, Craft S, Rapp SR, Hayden KM. Racial differences in dementia‐related pathology underlying cognitive decline: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.054482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kevin Hiatt
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Kawas MI, Lockhart SN, Kim J, Neth BJ, Barcus RA, Hughes TM, Solingapuram Sai KK, Craft S, Whitlow CT. Modified Mediterranean ketogenic diet resolves default mode network connectivity differences between adults with normal and impaired cognition. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Duran T, Bateman JR, Williams BJ, Okonmah‐Obazee S, Craft S, Lockhart SN. Neuroimaging and clinical characteristics of cognitive migration in community‐dwelling older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Duran
- Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
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Damuka N, Macauley SL, Orr ME, Shively CA, Lockhart SN, Bansode A, Frye BM, Mintz A, Kim J, Register TC, Whitlow CT, Craft S, Solingapuram Sai KK. Initial biological evaluation of a novel microtubule‐based PET ligand in rodent and NHP models of AD. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.052101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Akiva Mintz
- Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
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43
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Lockhart SN, Hughes TM, Suerken C, Jung Y, Whitlow CT, Bateman JR, Williams BJ, Espeland MA, Sachs BC, Hayden KM, Baker LD, Craft S. Cardiometabolic disorders are associated with reduced cerebral perfusion and white matter microstructure. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.055791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Frye BM, Craft S, Register TC, Kim J, Whitlow CT, Barcus RA, Lockhart SN, Solingapuram Sai KK, Shively CA. Cortical gray matter volume and working memory in a NHP model of AD‐like neuropathology. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Bateman JR, Kawas MI, Craft S, Lockhart SN, Kim J, Sai KKS, Lindquist KA, Whitlow CT. Difference in allostatic interoceptive network connectivity by cognitive status. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Sullivan KJ, Ranadive R, Su D, Neyland BR, Hughes TM, Hugenschmidt CE, Lockhart SN, Wong DF, Jack CR, Gottesman RF, Mosley TH, Griswold ME, Windham BG. Imaging-based indices of Neuropathology and gait speed decline in older adults: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2387-2396. [PMID: 33439369 PMCID: PMC9189901 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Imaging markers of cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are implicated in mobility impairment in older adults, but few studies have examined these relationships longitudinally in a racially-diverse population-based sample. At Visit 5 (2011-13) of the ARIC Study, 1859 participants had usual pace gait speed (cm/s) assessed and brain MRI (mean age = 76.3, 28.5% Black) and PET (n = 343; mean age = 75.9, 42.6% Black) measures including total/regional brain volume (cm3), white matter hyperintensities (WMH; cm3), infarcts (present/absent), microbleeds (count) and global beta-amyloid (Aβ). Participants returned at Visit 6 (n = 1264, 2016-17) and Visit 7 (n = 1108, 2018-19) for follow-up gait speed assessments. We used linear regression to estimate effects of baseline infarct presence, higher microbleed count, and a one interquartile range (IQR) poorer measures of continuous predictors (-1 IQR total brain volume, temporal-parietal lobe meta region of interest(ROI); +1 IQR WMH volume, global Aβ SUVR) on cross-sectional gait speed and change in gait speed adjusting for age, sex, education, study site, APOE e4, estimated intracranial volume, BMI, and cardiovascular risk factors. Cross-sectionally, slower gait speed outcome was associated with higher WMH volume, -3.38 cm/s (95%CI:-4.71, -2.04), infarct presence, -5.60 cm/s (-7.69, -3.51), microbleed count, -2.20 cm/s (-3.20, -0.91), smaller total brain volume, -9.26 cm/s (-12.1, -6.43), and smaller temporal-parietal lobe ROI -6.28 cm/s (-8.28, -4.28). Longitudinally, faster gait speed outcome decline was associated with higher WMH volume, -0.27 cm/s/year, (-0.51, -0.03) and higher global Aβ SUVR, -0.62 cm/s/year (-1.20, -0.03). Both cerebrovascular and AD pathology may contribute to mobility decline commonly seen with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| | - Radhikesh Ranadive
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Blake R Neyland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dean F Wong
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Michael E Griswold
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - B Gwen Windham
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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Lockhart SN, Schaich CL, Craft S, Sachs BC, Rapp SR, Jung Y, Whitlow CT, Solingapuram Sai KK, Cleveland M, Williams BJ, Burke GL, Bertoni A, Hayden KM, Hughes TM. Associations among vascular risk factors, neuroimaging biomarkers, and cognition: Preliminary analyses from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:551-560. [PMID: 34482601 PMCID: PMC8897510 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about how antecedent vascular risk factor (VRF) profiles impact late-life brain health. METHODS We examined baseline VRFs, and cognitive testing and neuroimaging measures (β-amyloid [Aβ] PET, MRI) in a diverse longitudinal cohort (N = 159; 50% African-American, 50% White) from Wake Forest's Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Core. RESULTS African-Americans exhibited greater baseline Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE), Framingham stroke risk profile (FSRP), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimate (ASCVD) scores than Whites. We observed no significant racial differences in Aβ positivity, cortical thickness, or white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. Higher baseline VRF scores were associated with lower cortical thickness and greater WMH volume, and FSRP and CAIDE were associated with Aβ. Aβ was cross-sectionally associated with cognition, and all imaging biomarkers were associated with greater 6-year cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Results suggest the convergence of multiple vascular and Alzheimer's processes underlying neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher L Schaich
- Department of Surgery-Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bonnie C Sachs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Christopher T Whitlow
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Maryjo Cleveland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benjamin J Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hayden
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Kim D, Hughes TM, Lipford ME, Craft S, Baker LD, Lockhart SN, Whitlow CT, Okonmah-Obazee SE, Hugenschmidt CE, Bobinski M, Jung Y. Relationship Between Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Cognition Among People With Risk of Cognitive Decline. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645342. [PMID: 34135768 PMCID: PMC8201407 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular risk factors (e.g., obesity and hypertension) are associated with cerebral small vessel disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, and dementia. Reduced perfusion may reflect the impaired ability of blood vessels to regulate blood flow in reaction to varying circumstances such as hypercapnia (increased end-tidal partial pressures of CO2). It has been shown that cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measured with blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) MRI is correlated with cognitive performance and alterations of CVR may be an indicator of vascular disfunction leading to cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanism of CVR alterations in BOLD signal may not be straight-forward because BOLD signal is affected by multiple physiological parameters, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume, and oxygen metabolism. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI quantitatively measures blood flow in the brain providing images of local CBF. Therefore, in this study, we measured CBF and its changes using a dynamic ASL technique during a hypercapnia challenge and tested if CBF or CVR was related to cognitive performance using the Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score. Seventy-eight participants underwent cognitive testing and MRI including ASL during a hypercapnia challenge with a RespirAct computer-controlled gas blender, targeting 10 mmHg higher end-tidal CO2 level than the baseline while end-tidal O2 level was maintained. Pseudo-continuous ASL (PCASL) was collected during a 2-min baseline and a 2-min hypercapnic period. CVR was obtained by calculating a percent change of CBF per the end-tidal CO2 elevation in mmHg between the baseline and the hypercapnic challenge. Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that baseline resting CBF has no significant relationship with MMSE, while lower CVR in the whole brain gray matter (β = 0.689, p = 0.005) and white matter (β = 0.578, p = 0.016) are related to lower MMSE score. In addition, region of interest (ROI) based analysis showed positive relationships between MMSE score and CVR in 26 out of 122 gray matter ROIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Megan E Lipford
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Laura D Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christopher T Whitlow
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Matthew Bobinski
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Youngkyoo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Cho SH, Choe YS, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Jang H, Kim Y, Kim SE, Kim SJ, Kim JP, Jung YH, Kim BC, Lockhart SN, Farrar G, Na DL, Moon SH, Seo SW. Head-to-Head Comparison of 18F-Florbetaben and 18F-Flutemetamol in the Cortical and Striatal Regions. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:281-290. [PMID: 32474468 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-florbetaben (FBB) and 18F-flutemetamol (FMM) amyloid PET have been developed and approved for clinical use. It is important to understand the distinct features of these ligands to compare and correctly interpret the results of different amyloid PET studies. OBJECTIVE We performed a head-to-head comparison of FBB and FMM to compare with regard to imaging characteristics, including dynamic range of retention, and differences in quantitative measurements between the two ligands in cortical, striatal, and white matter (WM) regions. METHODS Paired FBB and FMM PET images were acquired in 107 participants. Correlations of FBB and FMM amyloid deposition in the cortex, striatum, and WM were investigated and compared in different reference regions (cerebellar gray matter (CG), whole cerebellum (WC), WC with brainstem (WC + B), and pons). RESULTS The cortical SUVR (R2 = 0.97) and striatal SUVR (R2 = 0.95) demonstrated an excellent linear correlation between FBB and FMM using a WC as reference region. There was no difference in the cortical SUVR ratio between the two ligands (p = 0.90), but the striatal SUVR ratio was higher in FMM than in FBB (p < 0.001). Also, the effect size of differences in striatal SUVR seemed to be higher with FMM (2.61) than with FBB (2.34). These trends were similarly observed according to four different reference regions (CG, WC, WC + B, and pons). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that FMM might be better than FBB to detect amyloid burden in the striatum, although both ligands are comparable for imaging AD pathology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yeong Sim Choe
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeshin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Si Eun Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hee Jung
- Department of Neurology, Myoungji Hospital, Hanyang University, Goyangsi, Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Internal Medicine - Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gill Farrar
- Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, GE Healthcare, Chalfont St Giles, UK
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Wang X, Zimmermann HR, Lockhart SN, Craft S, Ma T. Decreased Levels of Blood AMPKα1 but not AMPKα2 Isoform in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:217-224. [PMID: 32444538 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to develop feasible biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mounting evidence implicates that dysregulation of energy metabolism is a key and early event in AD pathogenesis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central molecular sensor that plays a critical role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, and aberrant brain AMPK activities are linked to AD pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigated protein levels of AMPKα isoforms, AMPKα1 and AMPKα2, in plasma samples from patients clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD, along with age-matched healthy controls. METHODS 30 participants (10 MCI, 10 AD, and 10 controls) were included in our pilot study. Plasma levels of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 were determined by ELISA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess sensitivity and specificity. Linear regression was used to assess the correlation between levels of AMPKα isoforms and other biomarkers. RESULTS Plasma levels of AMPKα1 were decreased in MCI and AD patients, while levels of AMPKα2 were unaltered as compared to controls. ROC analysis showed relatively high sensitivity and specificity for AMPKα1 to distinguish MCI and AD from controls. Linear regression analysis showed that plasma levels of AMPKα1 were correlated with a brain imaging biomarker (AD signature cortical thicknesses). CONCLUSION Plasma levels of AMPKα1 were decreased in MCI and AD patients. Future endeavor to explore whether blood AMPKα1 protein expression has the value as a potential biomarker for AD and MCI diagnosis shall be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Helena R Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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