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Toribio-Fernández R, Tristão-Pereira C, Carlos Silla-Castro J, Callejas S, Oliva B, Fernandez-Nueda I, Garcia-Lunar I, Perez-Herreras C, María Ordovás J, Martin P, Blanco-Kelly F, Ayuso C, Lara-Pezzi E, Fernandez-Ortiz A, Garcia-Alvarez A, Dopazo A, Sanchez-Cabo F, Ibanez B, Cortes-Canteli M, Fuster V. Apolipoprotein E-ε2 and Resistance to Atherosclerosis in Midlife: The PESA Observational Study. Circ Res 2024; 134:411-424. [PMID: 38258600 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND APOE is a known genetic contributor to cardiovascular disease, but the differential role APOE alleles play in subclinical atherosclerosis remains unclear. METHODS The PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) is an observational cohort study that recruited 4184 middle-aged asymptomatic individuals to be screened for cardiovascular risk and multiterritorial subclinical atherosclerosis. Participants were APOE-genotyped, and omics data were additionally evaluated. RESULTS In the PESA study, the frequencies for APOE -ε2, -ε3, and -ε4 alleles were 0.060, 0.844, and 0.096, respectively. This study included a subcohort of 3887 participants (45.8±4.3 years of age; 62% males). As expected, APOE-ε4 carriers were at the highest risk for cardiovascular disease and had significantly greater odds of having subclinical atherosclerosis compared with ε3/ε3 carriers, which was mainly explained by their higher levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. In turn, APOE-ε2 carriers were at the lowest risk for cardiovascular disease and had significantly lower odds of having subclinical atherosclerosis in several vascular territories (carotids: 0.62 [95% CI, 0.47-0.81]; P=0.00043; femorals: 0.60 [0.47-0.78]; P=9.96×10-5; coronaries: 0.53 [0.39-0.74]; P=0.00013; and increased PESA score: 0.58 [0.48-0.71]; P=3.16×10-8). This APOE-ε2 atheroprotective effect was mostly independent of the associated lower LDL-cholesterol levels and other cardiovascular risk factors. The protection conferred by the ε2 allele was greater with age (50-54 years: 0.49 [95% CI, 0.32-0.73]; P=0.00045), and normal (<150 mg/dL) levels of triglycerides (0.54 [0.44-0.66]; P=4.70×10-9 versus 0.90 [0.57-1.43]; P=0.67 if ≥150 mg/dL). Omics analysis revealed an enrichment of several canonical pathways associated with anti-inflammatory mechanisms together with the modulation of erythrocyte homeostasis, coagulation, and complement activation in ε2 carriers that might play a relevant role in the ε2's atheroprotective effect. CONCLUSIONS This work sheds light on the role of APOE in cardiovascular disease development with important therapeutic and prevention implications on cardiovascular health, especially in early midlife. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01410318.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Toribio-Fernández
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., F.B.-K., C.A., B.I., M.C.-C.)
| | - Catarina Tristão-Pereira
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Juan Carlos Silla-Castro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Belen Oliva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Irene Fernandez-Nueda
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Ines Garcia-Lunar
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital La Moraleja, Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L.)
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L., P.M., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., B.I.)
| | | | - José María Ordovás
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Precision Nutrition and Obesity Research Program, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSI, Madrid, Spain (J.M.O.)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center of Aging, Tufts University, MA (J.M.O.)
| | - Pilar Martin
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L., P.M., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., B.I.)
| | - Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., F.B.-K., C.A., B.I., M.C.-C.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (F.B.-K., C.A.)
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., F.B.-K., C.A., B.I., M.C.-C.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (F.B.-K., C.A.)
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L., P.M., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., B.I.)
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (A.F.-O.)
| | - Ana Garcia-Alvarez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L., P.M., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., B.I.)
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (A.G.-A.)
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Fatima Sanchez-Cabo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., F.B.-K., C.A., B.I., M.C.-C.)
- CIBER de enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (I.G.-L., P.M., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., B.I.)
| | - Marta Cortes-Canteli
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., F.B.-K., C.A., B.I., M.C.-C.)
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain (R.T.-F., C.T.-P., J.C.S.-C., S.C., B.O., I.F.-N., I.G.-L., J.M.O., P.M., E.L.-P., A.F.-O., A.G.-A., A.D., F.S.-C., B.I., M.C.-C., V.F.)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (V.F.)
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Sánchez-Cabo F, Fuster V, Silla-Castro JC, González G, Lorenzo-Vivas E, Alvarez R, Callejas S, Benguría A, Gil E, Núñez E, Oliva B, Mendiguren JM, Cortes-Canteli M, Bueno H, Andrés V, Ordovás JM, Fernández-Friera L, Quesada AJ, Garcia JM, Rossello X, Vázquez J, Dopazo A, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ibáñez B, Fuster JJ, Lara-Pezzi E. Subclinical atherosclerosis and accelerated epigenetic age mediated by inflammation: a multi-omics study. Eur Heart J 2023:ehad361. [PMID: 37339167 PMCID: PMC10393076 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Epigenetic age is emerging as a personalized and accurate predictor of biological age. The aim of this article is to assess the association of subclinical atherosclerosis with accelerated epigenetic age and to investigate the underlying mechanisms mediating this association. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole blood methylomics, transcriptomics, and plasma proteomics were obtained for 391 participants of the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis study. Epigenetic age was calculated from methylomics data for each participant. Its divergence from chronological age is termed epigenetic age acceleration. Subclinical atherosclerosis burden was estimated by multi-territory 2D/3D vascular ultrasound and by coronary artery calcification. In healthy individuals, the presence, extension, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis were associated with a significant acceleration of the Grim epigenetic age, a predictor of health and lifespan, regardless of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Individuals with an accelerated Grim epigenetic age were characterized by an increased systemic inflammation and associated with a score of low-grade, chronic inflammation. Mediation analysis using transcriptomics and proteomics data revealed key pro-inflammatory pathways (IL6, Inflammasome, and IL10) and genes (IL1B, OSM, TLR5, and CD14) mediating the association between subclinical atherosclerosis and epigenetic age acceleration. CONCLUSION The presence, extension, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged asymptomatic individuals are associated with an acceleration in the Grim epigenetic age. Mediation analysis using transcriptomics and proteomics data suggests a key role of systemic inflammation in this association, reinforcing the relevance of interventions on inflammation to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Valentín Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute/Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy. Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Silla-Castro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema González
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Erika Lorenzo-Vivas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvarez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguría
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gil
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Núñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Oliva
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Cortes-Canteli
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Bueno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avda. de Córdoba, s/n 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Jose María Ordovás
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Obesity Research Program, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carr. de Canto Blanco, nº 8 E, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- HM Hospitales-Centro Integral de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares HM CIEC, Av. de Montepríncipe, 25, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Quesada
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Garcia
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Oviedo, Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Asturias, Spain
| | - Xavier Rossello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Hospital Universitari Son Espases-IDISBA, Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca, Islas Baleares (Balearic Islands), Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
- Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Av. de los Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Javier Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
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Siguero-Álvarez M, Salguero-Jiménez A, Grego-Bessa J, de la Barrera J, MacGrogan D, Prados B, Sánchez-Sáez F, Piñeiro-Sabarís R, Felipe-Medina N, Torroja C, Gómez MJ, Sabater-Molina M, Escribá R, Richaud-Patin I, Iglesias-García O, Sbroggio M, Callejas S, O'Regan DP, McGurk KA, Dopazo A, Giovinazzo G, Ibañez B, Monserrat L, Pérez-Pomares JM, Sánchez-Cabo F, Pendas AM, Raya A, Gimeno-Blanes JR, de la Pompa JL. A Human Hereditary Cardiomyopathy Shares a Genetic Substrate With Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Circulation 2023; 147:47-65. [PMID: 36325906 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.058767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex genetics underlying human cardiac disease is evidenced by its heterogenous manifestation, multigenic basis, and sporadic occurrence. These features have hampered disease modeling and mechanistic understanding. Here, we show that 2 structural cardiac diseases, left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) and bicuspid aortic valve, can be caused by a set of inherited heterozygous gene mutations affecting the NOTCH ligand regulator MIB1 (MINDBOMB1) and cosegregating genes. METHODS We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to generate mice harboring a nonsense or a missense MIB1 mutation that are both found in LVNC families. We also generated mice separately carrying these MIB1 mutations plus 5 additional cosegregating variants in the ASXL3, APCDD1, TMX3, CEP192, and BCL7A genes identified in these LVNC families by whole exome sequencing. Histological, developmental, and functional analyses of these mouse models were carried out by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, together with gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing of both selected engineered mouse models and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Potential biochemical interactions were assayed in vitro by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blot. RESULTS Mice homozygous for the MIB1 nonsense mutation did not survive, and the mutation caused LVNC only in heteroallelic combination with a conditional allele inactivated in the myocardium. The heterozygous MIB1 missense allele leads to bicuspid aortic valve in a NOTCH-sensitized genetic background. These data suggest that development of LVNC is influenced by genetic modifiers present in affected families, whereas valve defects are highly sensitive to NOTCH haploinsufficiency. Whole exome sequencing of LVNC families revealed single-nucleotide gene variants of ASXL3, APCDD1, TMX3, CEP192, and BCL7A cosegregating with the MIB1 mutations and LVNC. In experiments with mice harboring the orthologous variants on the corresponding Mib1 backgrounds, triple heterozygous Mib1 Apcdd1 Asxl3 mice showed LVNC, whereas quadruple heterozygous Mib1 Cep192 Tmx3;Bcl7a mice developed bicuspid aortic valve and other valve-associated defects. Biochemical analysis suggested interactions between CEP192, BCL7A, and NOTCH. Gene expression profiling of mutant mouse hearts and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes revealed increased cardiomyocyte proliferation and defective morphological and metabolic maturation. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal a shared genetic substrate underlying LVNC and bicuspid aortic valve in which MIB1-NOTCH variants plays a crucial role in heterozygous combination with cosegregating genetic modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Siguero-Álvarez
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Center for Chromosome Stability and Institut for Cellulær og Molekylær Medicin, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (M.S.)
| | - Alejandro Salguero-Jiménez
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Joaquim Grego-Bessa
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Jorge de la Barrera
- Bioinformatics Unit (J.d.l.B., C.T., M.J.G., F.S.-C.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Donal MacGrogan
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Belén Prados
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Pluripotent Cell Technology Unit (B.P., G.G.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Sáez
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer Universidad de Salamanca, Spain (F.S.-S., N.F.-M., A.M.P.)
| | - Rebeca Piñeiro-Sabarís
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Natalia Felipe-Medina
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer Universidad de Salamanca, Spain (F.S.-S., N.F.-M., A.M.P.)
| | - Carlos Torroja
- Bioinformatics Unit (J.d.l.B., C.T., M.J.G., F.S.-C.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel José Gómez
- Genomics Unit (S.C., A.D.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Cardiogenética, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, European Reference Networks and Unidad de Referencia-European Reference Networks Guard Heart de Cardiopatias Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca-Universidad de Murcia, El Palmar, Spain (M.S.-M., J.R.G.-B.)
| | - María Sabater-Molina
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Rubén Escribá
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia, Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., I.R.-P., O.I.-G., A.R.)
| | - Ivonne Richaud-Patin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia, Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., I.R.-P., O.I.-G., A.R.)
| | - Olalla Iglesias-García
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia, Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., I.R.-P., O.I.-G., A.R.)
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain (O.I.-G.)
| | - Mauro Sbroggio
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Genomics Unit (S.C., A.D.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Declan P O'Regan
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences (D.P.O.' K.A.M.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn A McGurk
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences (D.P.O.' K.A.M.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute (K.A.M.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Genomics Unit (S.C., A.D.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanna Giovinazzo
- Pluripotent Cell Technology Unit (B.P., G.G.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibañez
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Translational Laboratory (B.I.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain (B.I.)
| | - Lorenzo Monserrat
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña and Departamento Científico, Health in Code S.L., A Coruña, Spain (L.M.)
| | - José María Pérez-Pomares
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga and Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain (J.M.P.-P.)
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit (J.d.l.B., C.T., M.J.G., F.S.-C.), Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto M Pendas
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer Universidad de Salamanca, Spain (F.S.-S., N.F.-M., A.M.P.)
| | - Angel Raya
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia, Centre for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain (R.E., I.R.-P., O.I.-G., A.R.)
| | - Juan R Gimeno-Blanes
- Laboratorio de Cardiogenética, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, European Reference Networks and Unidad de Referencia-European Reference Networks Guard Heart de Cardiopatias Familiares, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca-Universidad de Murcia, El Palmar, Spain (M.S.-M., J.R.G.-B.)
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares and Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.S.-A., A.S.-J., J.G.-B., D.M., B.P., R.P.-S., M.S., S.C.' A.D.' B.I., J.L.d.l.P.)
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Orrantia A, Vázquez-De Luis E, Astarloa-Pando G, Terrén I, Amarilla-Irusta A, Polanco-Alonso D, González C, Uranga A, Carrascosa T, Mateos-Mazón JJ, García-Ruiz JC, Callejas S, Quintas A, Dopazo A, Zenarruzabeitia O, Borrego F. In vivo expansion of a CD9+ decidual-like NK cell subset following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. iScience 2022; 25:105235. [PMID: 36262311 PMCID: PMC9574507 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT) is a treatment option for hematological disorders and pediatric solid tumors. After an autoHSCT, natural killer (NK) cells are the first lymphocyte subset returning to normal levels. To uncover global changes during NK cell reconstitution after autoHSCT, we performed RNA-sequencing on NK cells before and after autoHSCT. Results showed profound changes in the gene expression profile of NK cells immediately after autoHSCT. Several biological processes including cell cycle, DNA replication and the mevalonate pathway were enriched. Significantly, we observed that following autoHSCT, NK cells acquired a decidual-like gene expression profile, including the expression of CD9. By using multiparametric flow cytometry, we confirmed the expansion of NK cells expressing CD9 immediately after autoHSCT, which exhibited higher granzyme B and perforin expression levels than CD9− NK cells. These results provide insights into the physiopathology of NK cells during their reconstitution after autoHSCT. The transcriptome of NK cells is significantly altered immediately after autoHSCT The synthesis of isoprenoids is upregulated during NK cell pool reconstitution There is an expansion of CD9+ decidual-like NK cells following autoHSCT
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Truchado DA, Moens MAJ, Callejas S, Pérez-Tris J, Benítez L. Genomic characterization of the first oral avian papillomavirus in a colony of breeding canaries (Serinus canaria). Vet Res Commun 2018; 42:111-120. [PMID: 29446002 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-018-9713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Truchado
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Michaël A J Moens
- Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco, Lizardo García E9-104 y Andrés Xaura, 170143, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Unidad de Genómica, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pérez-Tris
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Benítez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Callejas S, Álvarez R, Benguria A, Dopazo A. AG-NGS: A powerful and user-friendly computing application for the semi-automated preparation of next-generation sequencing libraries using open liquid handling platforms. Biotechniques 2017. [DOI: 10.2144/000114504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protocol Summary We have developed automatic genomics NGS (AG-NGS), a computing application that allows an open liquid handling platform to be transformed into a library preparation station without losing the potential of an open platform. Implementation of AG-NGS does not require programming experience, and the application has also been designed to minimize implementation costs. Automated library preparation with AG-NGS generated high-quality libraries from different samples, demonstrating its efficiency, and all quality control parameters fell within the range of optimal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Callejas
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Álvarez
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguria
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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Uslenghi G, Vater A, Rodríguez Aguilar S, Cabodevila J, Callejas S. Effect of estradiol cypionate and GnRH treatment on plasma estradiol-17β concentrations, synchronization of ovulation and on pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows treated with FTAI-based protocols. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:693-9. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Uslenghi
- CONICET fellowship (CIVETAN); Campus Universitario; Tandil Buenos Aires Argentina
- Área de Reproducción; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; (CIVETAN, CONICET-CICPBA); FISFARVET; Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias; U.N.C.P.B.A; Tandil Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - A Vater
- Private practice; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | | | - J Cabodevila
- Área de Reproducción; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; (CIVETAN, CONICET-CICPBA); FISFARVET; Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias; U.N.C.P.B.A; Tandil Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - S Callejas
- Área de Reproducción; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; (CIVETAN, CONICET-CICPBA); FISFARVET; Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias; U.N.C.P.B.A; Tandil Buenos Aires Argentina
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Catalano R, Teruel M, González C, Williams S, Dorna IV, Callejas S. Reproductive performance of ewe lambs in non-breeding season exposed to hCG at day 12 post mating. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hill R, Kalathur RKR, Callejas S, Colaço L, Brandão R, Serelde B, Cebriá A, Blanco-Aparicio C, Pastor J, Futschik M, Dopazo A, Link W. A novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor directs a potent FOXO-dependent, p53-independent cell cycle arrest phenotype characterized by the differential induction of a subset of FOXO-regulated genes. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:482. [PMID: 25488803 PMCID: PMC4303209 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signalling pathway is one the most frequent genetic events in breast cancer, consequently the development of PI3K inhibitors has attracted much attention. Here we evaluate the effect of PI3K inhibition on global gene expression in breast cancer cells. Methods We used a range of methodologies that include in silico compound analysis, in vitro kinase assays, cell invasion assays, proliferation assays, genome-wide transcription studies (Agilent Technologies full genome arrays), gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting in addition to chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results We defined the physico-chemical and the biological properties of ETP-45658, a novel potent PI3K inhibitor. We demonstrated that ETP-45658 potently inhibited cell proliferation within a broad range of human cancer cells, most potently suppressing the growth of breast cancer cells via inhibiting cell cycle. We show that this response is Forkhead box O (FOXO) protein dependent and p53 independent. Our genome-wide microarray analysis revealed that the cell cycle was the most affected biological process after exposure to ETP-45658 (or our control PI3K inhibitor PI-103), that despite the multiple transcription factors that are regulated by the PI3K/AKT signalling cascade, only the binding sites for FOXO transcription factors were significantly enriched and only a subset of all FOXO-dependent genes were induced. This disparity in gene transcription was not due to differential FOXO promoter recruitment. Conclusions The constitutive activation of PI3Ks and thus the exclusion of FOXO transcription factors from the nucleus is a key feature of breast cancer. Our results presented here highlight that PI3K inhibition activates specific FOXO-dependent genes that mediate cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0482-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hill
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. .,Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ravi Kiran Reddy Kalathur
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Colaço
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Brandão
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz Serelde
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Cebriá
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Pastor
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matthias Futschik
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Wolfgang Link
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine (CBME), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. .,Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Vivas Y, Martínez-García C, Izquierdo A, Garcia-Garcia F, Callejas S, Velasco I, Campbell M, Ros M, Dopazo A, Dopazo J, Vidal-Puig A, Medina-Gomez G. Early peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma regulated genes involved in expansion of pancreatic beta cell mass. BMC Med Genomics 2011; 4:86. [PMID: 22208362 PMCID: PMC3315430 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-4-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression towards type 2 diabetes depends on the allostatic response of pancreatic beta cells to synthesise and secrete enough insulin to compensate for insulin resistance. The endocrine pancreas is a plastic tissue able to expand or regress in response to the requirements imposed by physiological and pathophysiological states associated to insulin resistance such as pregnancy, obesity or ageing, but the mechanisms mediating beta cell mass expansion in these scenarios are not well defined. We have recently shown that ob/ob mice with genetic ablation of PPARγ2, a mouse model known as the POKO mouse failed to expand its beta cell mass. This phenotype contrasted with the appropriate expansion of the beta cell mass observed in their obese littermate ob/ob mice. Thus, comparison of these models islets particularly at early ages could provide some new insights on early PPARγ dependent transcriptional responses involved in the process of beta cell mass expansion RESULTS Here we have investigated PPARγ dependent transcriptional responses occurring during the early stages of beta cell adaptation to insulin resistance in wild type, ob/ob, PPARγ2 KO and POKO mice. We have identified genes known to regulate both the rate of proliferation and the survival signals of beta cells. Moreover we have also identified new pathways induced in ob/ob islets that remained unchanged in POKO islets, suggesting an important role for PPARγ in maintenance/activation of mechanisms essential for the continued function of the beta cell. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the expansion of beta cell mass observed in ob/ob islets is associated with the activation of an immune response that fails to occur in POKO islets. We have also indentified other PPARγ dependent differentially regulated pathways including cholesterol biosynthesis, apoptosis through TGF-β signaling and decreased oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurena Vivas
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez-García
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
| | - Adriana Izquierdo
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
| | - Francisco Garcia-Garcia
- Functional Genomics Node, National Institute for Bioinformatics. Centro de Investigacion Prıncipe Felipe, Camino de las Moreras, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Genomics Unit. CNIC (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares). Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Velasco
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
| | - Mark Campbell
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories. Institute of Metabolic Science, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Level 4. Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd. Cambridge CB2 OQQ. UK
| | - Manuel Ros
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit. CNIC (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares). Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Functional Genomics Node, National Institute for Bioinformatics. Centro de Investigacion Prıncipe Felipe, Camino de las Moreras, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories. Institute of Metabolic Science, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Level 4. Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd. Cambridge CB2 OQQ. UK
| | - Gema Medina-Gomez
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Dpto. de Bioquímica, Fisiología y Genética Molecular. Avda.de Atenas s/n. 28922. Alcorcón. Madrid. Spain
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Raffo J, Canto L, Callejas S, Gunkel R. Orthognatic surgery in hemophilia A. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2011.07.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Salgado M, López-Romero P, Callejas S, López M, Labarga P, Dopazo A, Soriano V, Rodés B. Characterization of host genetic expression patterns in HIV-infected individuals with divergent disease progression. Virology 2011; 411:103-12. [PMID: 21239032 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The course of HIV-1 infection shows a variety of clinical phenotypes with an important involvement of host factors. We compare host gene expression patterns in CD3+ T cells from two of these phenotypes: long-term non-progressor patients (LTNP) and matched control patients with standard HIV disease progression. Array analysis revealed over-expression of 322 genes in progressors and 136 in LTNP. Up-regulated genes in progressors were mainly implicated in the regulation of DNA replication, cell cycle and DNA damage stimulus and mostly localized into cellular organelles. In contrast, most up-regulated genes in LTNP were located at the plasmatic membrane and involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, negative control of apoptosis or regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Regarding gene interactions, a higher number of viral genes interacting with cellular factors were seen in progressors. Our study offers new comparative insights related to disease status and can distinguish differentiated patterns of gene expression among clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Salgado
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Callejas S, Alvarez R, Dopazo A. Automatic Genomics: a user-friendly program for the automatic designing and plate loading of medium-throughput qPCR experiments. Biotechniques 2011; 50:46-50. [DOI: 10.2144/000113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) remains the method of choice for gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression studies. Many laboratories wish to automate some or all of the steps of medium-throughput qPCR experiments through the use of various types of liquid handling robots. However, it is not uncommon to find cases in which scripts provided by the robot supplier are too rigid for user-specific applications, do not include all the desired options, or are too complicated to be modified by a nonprofessional programmer. Here, we present Automatic Genomics, a program that allows users with a limited programming background to automate medium-throughput qPCR experiments by using commercially available liquid-handling robots. The user is able to optimize the plate design in terms of number of genes, number of samples, and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Callejas
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvarez
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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Lamas JR, Rodríguez-Rodríguez L, Vigo AG, Alvarez-Lafuente R, López-Romero P, Marco F, Camafeita E, Dopazo A, Callejas S, Villafuertes E, Hoyas JA, Tornero-Esteban MP, Urcelay E, Fernández-Gutiérrez B. Large-scale gene expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: a putative role for COL10A1 in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:1880-5. [PMID: 20498197 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.122564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate disease-specific molecular changes occurring in osteoarthritis (OA) by analysing the differential gene expression profiles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from patients with OA compared with those without OA. METHODS Expression profiles of BM-MSCs from eight paired patients with OA and patients with hip fracture without signs of OA were compared by DNA microarray expression analysis and significant differences were evaluated by computational Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. To validate the involvement of COL10A1 as part of the most downregulated gene set in OA, three tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 191 patients with OA and 283 controls. COL10A1 expression was also assessed by quantitative RT-PCR in additional subjects. RESULTS Expression levels in 9% (1967) of the overall transcripts were significantly different (p<0.05) between MSCs from patients with OA and controls (532 genes reached twofold differences: 240 were upregulated and 292 were downregulated). Cell development and differentiation were the functional categories accounting for most genes with altered expression. Interestingly, several genes related to the Wnt/-catenin pathway and collagen genes were downregulated in MSCs from patients with OA. The collagen gene set was clearly downregulated in OA. Furthermore, the expression of COL10A1 was significantly reduced in patients with OA. A genetic association between the COL10A1 rs11965969 polymorphism and OA was also found. CONCLUSION COL10A1 downregulation seems to have a role in the establishment of a defective and/or unstable subchondral cartilage matrix in OA disease. It is proposed that OA may be linked to the intrinsic defective regenerative potential of BM-MSCs resulting from its reduced expression of fate commitment-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramón Lamas
- Rheumatology Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, C/ Profesor Martín Lagos s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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15
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Zanella F, Renner O, García B, Callejas S, Dopazo A, Peregrina S, Carnero A, Link W. Human TRIB2 is a repressor of FOXO that contributes to the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells. Oncogene 2010; 29:2973-82. [PMID: 20208562 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
FOXO transcription factors are evolutionarily conserved proteins that orchestrate gene expression programs known to control a variety of cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair and protection from oxidative stress. As the abrogation of FOXO function is a key feature of many tumor cells, regulation of FOXO factors is receiving increasing attention in cancer research. In order to discover genes involved in the regulation of FOXO activity, we performed a large-scale RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) screen using cell-based reporter systems that monitor transcriptional activity and subcellular localization of FOXO. We identified genes previously implicated in phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling events, which are known to be important for FOXO function. In addition, we discovered a previously unrecognized FOXO-repressor function of TRIB2, the mammalian homolog of the Drosophila gene tribbles. A cancer-profiling array revealed specific overexpression of TRIB2 in malignant melanoma, but not in other types of skin cancer. We provide experimental evidence that TRIB2 transcript levels correlate with the degree of cytoplasmic localization of FOXO3a. Moreover, we show that TRIB2 is important in the maintenance of the oncogenic properties of melanoma cells, as its silencing reduces cell proliferation, colony formation and wound healing. Tumor growth was also substantially reduced upon RNAi-mediated TRIB2 knockdown in an in vivo melanoma xenograft model. Our studies suggest that TRIB2 provides the melanoma cells with growth and survival advantages through the abrogation of FOXO function. Altogether, our results show the potential of large-scale cell-based RNAi screens to identify promising diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zanella
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
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16
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Gómez-Cabello D, Callejas S, Benguría A, Moreno A, Alonso J, Palmero I. Regulation of the microRNA processor DGCR8 by the tumor suppressor ING1. Cancer Res 2010; 70:1866-74. [PMID: 20179197 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ING family of tumor suppressor proteins controls several cellular functions relevant to antitumor protection, such as cell cycle control, apoptosis, senescence, or migration. ING proteins are functionally linked to the p53 pathway, and they participate in transcriptional control via the recognition of histone marks and recruitment of protein complexes with chromatin-modifying activity to specific promoters. Here, we have investigated the global effect of ING1 in gene regulation through genome-wide analysis of expression profiles in primary embryonic fibroblasts deficient for the Ing1 locus. We find that Ing1 has a predominant role as transcriptional repressor in this setting, affecting the expression of genes involved in a variety of cellular functions. Within the subset of genes showing differential expression, we have identified DGCR8, a protein involved in the early steps of microRNA biogenesis. We show that ING1 binds to the DGCR8 promoter and controls its transcription through chromatin regulation. We also find that ING1 and DGCR8 can cooperate in restraining proliferation. In summary, this study reveals a novel connection between ING1 and a regulator of microRNA biogenesis and identifies new links between tumor suppressor proteins and the microRNA machinery.
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López-Huertas MR, Callejas S, Abia D, Mateos E, Dopazo A, Alcamí J, Coiras M. Modifications in host cell cytoskeleton structure and function mediated by intracellular HIV-1 Tat protein are greatly dependent on the second coding exon. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:3287-307. [PMID: 20139419 PMCID: PMC2879518 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulator Tat is essential for viral replication because it achieves complete elongation of viral transcripts. Tat can be released to the extracellular space and taken up by adjacent cells, exerting profound cytoskeleton rearrangements that lead to apoptosis. In contrast, intracellular Tat has been described as protector from apoptosis. Tat gene is composed by two coding exons that yield a protein of 101 amino acids (aa). First exon (1–72aa) is sufficient for viral transcript elongation and second exon (73–101 aa) appears to contribute to non-transcriptional functions. We observed that Jurkat cells stably expressing intracellular Tat101 showed gene expression deregulation 4-fold higher than cells expressing Tat72. Functional experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of this deregulation. First, NF-κB-, NF-AT- and Sp1-dependent transcriptional activities were greatly enhanced in Jurkat-Tat101, whereas Tat72 induced milder but efficient activation. Second, cytoskeleton-related functions as cell morphology, proliferation, chemotaxis, polarization and actin polymerization were deeply altered in Jurkat-Tat101, but not in Jurkat-Tat72. Finally, expression of several cell surface receptors was dramatically impaired by intracellular Tat101 but not by Tat72. Consequently, these modifications were greatly dependent on Tat second exon and they could be related to the anergy observed in HIV-1-infected T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R López-Huertas
- AIDS Immunopathology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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López-Romero P, González MA, Callejas S, Dopazo A, Irizarry RA. Processing of Agilent microRNA array data. BMC Res Notes 2010; 3:18. [PMID: 20205787 PMCID: PMC2823597 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-3-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Agilent microRNA microarray platform interrogates each microRNA with several copies of distinct oligonucleotide probes and integrates the results into a total gene signal (TGS), using a proprietary algorithm that makes use of the background subtracted signal. The TGS can be normalized between arrays, and the Agilent recommendation is either not to normalize or to normalize to the 75th percentile signal intensity. The robust multiarray average algorithm (RMA) is an alternative method, originally developed to obtain a summary measure of mRNA Affymetrix gene expression arrays by using a linear model that takes into account the probe affinity effect. The RMA method has been shown to improve the accuracy and precision of expression measurements relative to other competing methods. There is also evidence that it might be preferable to use non-corrected signals for the processing of microRNA data, rather than background-corrected signals. In this study we assess the use of the RMA method to obtain a summarized microRNA signal for the Agilent arrays. Findings We have adapted the RMA method to obtain a processed signal for the Agilent arrays and have compared the RMA summarized signal to the TGS generated with the image analysis software provided by the vendor. We also compared the use of the RMA algorithm with uncorrected and background-corrected signals, and compared quantile normalization with the normalization method recommended by the vendor. The pre-processing methods were compared in terms of their ability to reduce the variability (increase precision) of the signals between biological replicates. Application of the RMA method to non-background corrected signals produced more precise signals than either the RMA-background-corrected signal or the quantile-normalized Agilent TGS. The Agilent TGS normalized to the 75% percentile showed more variation than the other measures. Conclusions Used without background correction, a summarized signal that takes into account the probe effect might provide a more precise estimate of microRNA expression. The variability of quantile normalization was lower compared with the normalization method recommended by the vendor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro López-Romero
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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López-Huertas MR, Callejas S, Abia D, Dopazo A, Alcamí J, Coiras M. Modifications in host cell structure and functions mediated by Tat intracellular expression are greatly dependent on the second exon. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2766990 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s2-p1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Callejas S, Alberio R, Cabodevila J, Aller J, Catalano R, Teruel M, Dulout F. Effect of progesterone administration on the ovarian response to superovulatory treatments in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 107:9-19. [PMID: 17644282 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate ovarian response in Angus cows previously treated with progesterone (P4), animals were randomly assigned to two groups: T600 group (n=14), 600 mg of P4/day. P4 was injected from days 3 to 7 of the estrous cycle. On day 7, superovulatory treatments began. The control group (n=12) was given vehicle only. The superovulatory treatments in the control group began on days 7-9 of the estrous cycle. The superovulatory total treatment dose of 400mg NIH FSH P1 was given twice a day over a 4-day period. Ultrasonography of the ovaries was conducted 3 days preceding the initiation of superovulatory treatment, every 24h. In both groups, an additional ultrasonographic evaluation was made at 24h after the end of superovulatory treatment. Blood samples were collected 4 days preceding the initiation of superovulatory treatment, every 24h. Additional samples were taken from the P600 group for 12 day after of initiation of superovulatory treatment every 24h, except on the fifth day after the initiation of superovulatory treatment. In the P600 group, P4 concentrations were greater than in the control group (P<0.01) and remained over 1 ng/ml up to day 11 after beginning of superovulatory treatment. The diameter of the dominant follicle was larger in the animals of the control group (P<0.01). Cows of the P600 group had a greater number of Class I (3-4mm) follicles (P<0.01). A significant day and treatment effect (P<0.01) were observed in Class II (5-9 mm) follicles. Effects due to treatment on the number of Class III follicles (P<0.05) were observed. In the P600 group, no estrous post-superovulatory was observed and there were no ovulations that occurred. Conversely, 100% of the cows of the control group showed estrous. In the P600 group, there were a greater number of Class III follicles (P<0.01) and a lesser number of Class II follicles (P<0.05) at 24h after the end of superovulatory. In the control group, 66.7% of the cows responded to superovulatory treatments. In conclusion, the daily administration of 600 mg of P4, from days 3 to 7 of the estrous cycle, produces an increase of plasma concentrations of this hormone from day 4, resulting in changes in follicular dynamics (absence of follicles greater than 10mm of diameter and an increase of the population of Class I follicles). As to the ovarian stimulation using Folltropin V in animals receiving a daily injection of 600 mg of P4 from days 3 to 7 of the estrous cycle, a greater population of follicles>or=10mm developed by 24h after superovulatory treatments were completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Callejas
- Area de Reproducción (FISFARVET), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, B7000GHG Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Callejas S, Melville S. Comparative genomics and drug discovery in trypanosomatids. SEB Exp Biol Ser 2007; 58:1-24. [PMID: 17608235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
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Callejas S, Leech V, Reitter C, Melville S. Hemizygous subtelomeres of an African trypanosome chromosome may account for over 75% of chromosome length. Genome Res 2006; 16:1109-18. [PMID: 16899654 PMCID: PMC1557766 DOI: 10.1101/gr.5147406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
African trypanosomes are parasitic protozoa that infect a wide range of mammals, including humans. These parasites remain extracellular in the mammalian bloodstream, where antigenic variation allows them to survive the immune response. The Trypanosoma brucei nuclear genome sequence has been published recently. However, the significant chromosome size polymorphism observed among strains and subspecies of T. brucei, where total DNA content may vary up to 30%, necessitates a comparative study to determine the underlying basis and significance of such variation between parasites. In addition, the sequenced strain (Tb927) presents one of the smallest genomes analyzed among T. brucei isolates; therefore, establishing polymorphic regions will provide essential complementary information to the sequencing project. We have developed a Tb927 high-resolution DNA microarray to study DNA content variation along chromosome I, one of the most size-variable chromosomes, in different strains and subspecies of T. brucei. Results show considerable copy number polymorphism, especially at subtelomeres, but are insufficient to explain the observed size difference. Additional sequencing reveals that >50% of a larger chromosome I consists of arrays of variant surface glycoprotein genes (VSGs), involved in avoidance of acquired immunity. In total, the subtelomeres appear to be three times larger than the diploid core. These results reveal that trypanosomes can utilize subtelomeres for amplification and divergence of gene families to such a remarkable extent that they may constitute most of a chromosome, and that the VSG repertoire may be even larger than reported to date. Further experimentation is required to determine if these results are applicable to all size-variable chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Callejas
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Leech
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Reitter
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Melville
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.E-mail ; fax +44-1223-333737
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Daley-Yates PT, Kunka RL, Yin Y, Andrews SM, Callejas S, Ng C. Bioavailability of fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate aqueous nasal sprays. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 60:265-8. [PMID: 15114430 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-004-0763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2004] [Accepted: 03/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the systemic exposure for intranasal mometasone furoate (MF) and fluticasone propionate (FP) aqueous nasal sprays (ANS) in terms of serum and urinary cortisol parameters and plasma pharmacokinetics. METHODS Twelve healthy subjects completed this three-way, cross-over study. They received FPANS (50 microg/spray), MFANS (50 microg/spray) or placebo ANS, eight sprays per nostril every 8 h for 4 days. Cortisol measurements were made at baseline and day 4. FP and MF plasma concentrations were also measured on day 4. RESULTS MFANS produced similar mean plasma AUC (123 pmol/l h) to FPANS (112 pmol/l h). Despite the use of high doses, necessary to generate adequate pharmacokinetic data, only minor reductions in cortisol parameters were found, with no difference between FPANS and MFANS. CONCLUSIONS FP and MF have similar and very low systemic bioavailability when administered intranasally using a high-dose regimen. It is therefore unlikely that therapeutic doses of intranasal FP or MF will produce dissimilar or significant degrees of systemic exposure or systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Daley-Yates
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, Greenford Road, UB6 0HE Greenford, Middlesex, UK.
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Callejas S, Gutiérrez JC. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a putative high mobility group (HMG)--box protein from stored mRNA in resting cysts of the ciliate Oxytricha (Sterkiella) nova: ciliate macronuclear gene encoding a putative HMG-box protein. Mol Biol Rep 2003; 30:215-22. [PMID: 14672407 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026389829741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have isolated an cDNA after applying a DDRT-PCR analysis on mRNA from mature resting cysts of the ciliate Oxytricha (Sterkiella) nova. From this cDNA fragment the complete macronuclear minichromosome was obtained by using the Mac-End-PCR method. After cloning and sequencing, this cDNA shown certain similarity to HMG-like proteins. The analysis of the inferred amino acid sequence shown that this putative HMG-like protein has one HMG-box interrupted by a intron. The analysis of others characteristics (including a 3D model) confirms that it is a HMGB family protein. It is the first time that a macronuclear gene encoding a putative HMG-box protein is isolated from resting cysts of a stichotrich ciliate. The possible implications of this stored mRNA in the ciliate cryptobiotic stage are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/isolation & purification
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- HMGB Proteins/chemistry
- HMGB Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Oxytricha/cytology
- Oxytricha/genetics
- Oxytricha/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger, Stored/genetics
- RNA, Messenger, Stored/isolation & purification
- RNA, Messenger, Stored/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Callejas
- Departamento de Microbiología-111, Facultad de Biología, C/. José Antonio Novais, 2, Universidad Complutense (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Callejas S, Gutiérrez JC. A simple and rapid PCR-based method to isolate complete small macronuclear minichromosomes from hypotrich ciliates: 5S rDNA and S26 ribosomal protein gene of Oxytricha (Sterkiella) nova. Protist 2002; 153:133-42. [PMID: 12125755 DOI: 10.1078/1434-4610-00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypotrich ciliates present a macronuclear genome consisting of gene-sized instead of chromosome-sized DNA molecules. Exploiting this unique eukaryotic genome feature, we introduce, for the first time in ciliates, a rapid and easy PCR method using telomeric primers to isolate small complete macronuclear DNA molecules or minichromosomes. Two presumably abundant macronuclear DNA molecules, containing ribosomal genes, were amplified from the Oxytricha (Sterkiella) nova complete genome after using this method, and then were cloned and sequenced. The 5S rDNA sequence of O. (S.) nova is the third one reported among hypotrich ciliates; its primary and secondary structure is compared with other eukaryotic 5S rRNAs. The ribosomal protein S26 gene is the first one reported among ciliates. This "End-End-PCR" method might be useful to obtain similar gene-sized macronuclear molecules from other hypotrich ciliates, and, therefore, to increase our knowledge on ribosomal genes in these eukaryotic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Callejas
- Departamento de Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
This review outlines the main features of ciliate resting-cyst formation or encystment. It represents a strategy against several environmental stresses (such as starvation), which involves a highly gene-regulated cell differentiation process and originates a more resistant, differentiated form or resting cyst. This process is mainly characterized by drastic cytoplasmic dehydration that induces a general metabolic rate decrease, intense autophagic activity, the formation of a permeable cyst wall protecting the cell against the adverse environmental conditions, and a gene-silencing mechanism after opening the specific encystment genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Microbiología III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
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Gutiérrez JC, Callejas S, Borniquel S, Martín-González A. DNA methylation in ciliates: implications in differentiation processes. Int Microbiol 2000; 3:139-46. [PMID: 11032305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Much experimental evidence on the role of DNA methylation in gene expression has been reported. Here we review reports on DNA methylation in ciliated protozoa, emphasizing its implications in cell differentiation processes. Both types of methylated bases (adenine and cytosine) can be found in macronuclear DNA. The division cycle and conjugation have been studied with regard to adenine methylation, and several different functions have been assigned to the methylation changes detected in these processes. Cytosine methylation changes were analyzed during stomatogenesis of Paramecium and encystment of Colpoda inflata. A comparative analysis with other similar microbial eukaryotic differentiation processes is carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Gutiérrez
- Department of Microbiology-III, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
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Kunka R, Andrews S, Pimazzoni M, Callejas S, Ziviani L, Squassante L, Daley-Yates PT. From hydrofluoroalkane pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and comparability with chlorofluorocarbon pMDIs. Respir Med 2000; 94 Suppl B:S10-6. [PMID: 10919680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluticasone propionate pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) containing the hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) propellant, HFA 134a, are being developed to replace existing chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) pMDIs. This is part of the ongoing worldwide project to limit the damage to the earth's ozone layer. The in vivo performance and dose proportionality of fluticasone propionate HFA 134a pMDIs was examined for fluticasone propionate doses of 400, 1000 and 2000 microg using the 50, 125 and 250 microg strength pMDIs, respectively. The 125 and 250 microg strength HFA 134a pMDIs were compared with corresponding fluticasone propionate CFC pMDIs. Twenty-three healthy subjects participated in this single dose, randomized, five-way, cross-over study. Serial blood samples were collected 24 h post-dose to measure fluticasone propionate plasma concentrations. Twenty-four hour urinary-free cortisol was also measured before and after dosing. A dose-proportional increase in plasma fluticasone propionate concentrations was observed with increasing dose for the HFA 134a pMDIs. This was associated with a dose-related decrease in urinary cortisol excretion. Similar or lower fluticasone propionate systemic exposure was observed with the HFA 134a pMDIs compared to the corresponding CFC inhalers. The differences in systemic exposure observed for the HFA 134a and CFC pMDIs were too small to produce a differential effect on urinary cortisol excretion. Since fluticasone propionate has negligible oral bioavailability, the systemic exposure, which arises only from pulmonary absorption, is a measure of lung deposition. There was a good correlation between the in vitro fine particle mass produced by the different strengths and types of pMDI and the systemic exposure to fluticasone propionate. Therefore, the fluticasone propionate HFA 134a pMDI is an acceptable pharmaceutical alternative to the current CFC pMDI, producing similar lung deposition and no increase in systemic exposure at microgram equivalent doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kunka
- Glaxo Wellcome Inc. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Kunka R, Andrews S, Pimazzoni M, Callejas S, Ziviani L, Squassante L, Daley-Yates P. Dose proportionality of fluticasone propionate from hydrofluoroalkane pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and comparability with chlorofluorocarbon pMDIs. Respir Med 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0954-6111(00)80144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Using histological, histochemical and macroscopic and microscopic measurement techniques, the macroscopic and microscopic structures of coypu ovaries were studied in sexually mature virgin females. The mature ovaries of the coypu were ovoid or elongated bodies, not encapsulated, covered by a single layer of epithelium. They had a parenchyma formed by follicles at different stages of evolution and true and accessory corpora lutea. The interstitial tissue was a prominent and permanent structure in the ovaries. Some ovaries contained a few rete ovarii in the hilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Felipe
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional Del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Felipe A, Callejas S, Cabodevila J. Anatomicohistological characteristics of female genital tubular organs of the South American nutria (Myocastor coypus). Anat Histol Embryol 1998; 27:245-50. [PMID: 9741147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Morphohistological features of the tubular organs of the Myocastor coypus (coypu) female reproductive tract were studied. Specimens came from breeding farms with yard breeding systems. The analysis of the organs was made by histological methods and by macro and microscopic measurement techniques. The animals showed oviducts with macro and microscopically differentiable regions. Their inucosa showed primary branched folds in the ampullar sector. In the rest of the oviduct tract these folds were only of the primary type. The double uterus showed regional variations in the lumen, endometrial glands along the whole surface and a wide fibromuscular cervix with pseudoglands. The endocervical mucosa made clear a complex system of folds covered by a mucus-secreting epithelium. In the long vagina of the coypu a folded, rugose and irregular mucosa was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Felipe
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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32
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Cipolla AL, Paolicchi FA, Poso MA, Morsella CG, Casaro AP, Massone AR, Villegas R, Callejas S, Gimeno EJ. Lectin-binding sites in uterus and oviduct of normal and Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis-infected heifers. Eur J Histochem 1998; 42:63-70. [PMID: 9615192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of infection with Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) on the pattern of lectin binding in the uterus and oviduct of heifers. Cfv persistence was demonstrated by bacterial isolation and immunofluorescence. Infected animals showed variations in the lectin binding pattern when compared with control animals. Cfv-infected heifers showed an increased expression of galactose and N-acetyl-galactosamine in the endometrial glands (PNA and SBA binding, respectively). The oviductal epithelium of infected heifers was strongly positive for Con A, which indicated the presence of alpha-D-mannose and alpha-D-glucose. The results of this study showed that Cfv-infection modifies the lectin binding pattern in the reproductive system of heifers. Modifications in glycoconjugates may be involved in failures of fertility and/or implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Cipolla
- Department of Animal Production, EEA-INTA Balcarce, Argentina
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33
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Cuñado N, García MJ, Callejas S, Fernández A, Santos JL. The pattern of zygotene and pachytene pairing in allotetraploid Aegilops species sharing the D genome. Theor Appl Genet 1996; 93:1175-1179. [PMID: 24162499 DOI: 10.1007/bf00230143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/1996] [Accepted: 07/19/1996] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome pairing behaviour of the allotetraploid Aegilops species sharing the D genome, Ae. crassa (DDMM), Ae. cylindrica (DDCC) and Ae. ventricosa (DDNN), was analyzed by electron microscopy in surfacespread prophase-I nuclei. Synaptonemal-complex analysis at zygotene and pachytene revealed that synapsis in the allotetraploids was mostly between homologous chromosomes, although a few multivalents were also formed. Only homologous bivalents were observed at metaphase-I. It is concluded that the mechanism controlling bivalent formation in these species acts mainly at zygotene by restricting pairing to homologous chromosomes, but also acts at pachytene by preventing chiasma formation in homoeologous associations. These observations are discussed in relation to mechanisms of diploidization of polyploid meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cuñado
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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34
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Cuñado N, Callejas S, García MJ, Fernández A, Santos JL. The pattern of zygotene and pachytene pairing in allotetraploid Aegilops species sharing the U genome. Theor Appl Genet 1996; 93:1152-1155. [PMID: 24162495 DOI: 10.1007/bf00230139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/1996] [Accepted: 04/26/1996] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Allotetraploid Aegilops species sharing the U genome, Ae. columnaris (UUMM), Ae. ovata (UUMM), Ae. triaristata (UUMM), Ae. triuncialis (UUCC) and Ae. variabilis (UUSS), regularly form bivalents at metaphase I of meiosis. The pattern of zygotene and pachytene pairing was analyzed by whole-mount surface-spreading of synaptonemal complexes under the electron microscope. The data indicated that at the zygotene stage the chromosomes were almost exclusively associated as bivalents; only a few multivalents (7%) were observed. These observations are discussed in relation to mechanisms of diploidization of polyploid meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cuñado
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Cuñado N, Callejas S, García MJ, Santos JL, Fernández A. Chromosome pairing in the allotetraploid Aegilops biuncialis and a triploid intergeneric hybrid. Genome 1996; 39:664-70. [DOI: 10.1139/g96-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome pairing behaviour of the natural allotetraploid Aegilops biuncialis (genome UUMM) and a triploid hybrid Ae. biuncialis × Secale cereale (genome UMR) was analyzed by electron microscopy in surface-spread prophase I nuclei. Synaptonemal-complex analysis at zygotene and pachytene revealed that synapsis in the allotetraploid was mostly between homologous chromosomes, although a few quadrivalents were also formed. Only homologous bivalents were observed at metaphase I. In contrast, homoeologous and heterologous chromosome associations were common at prophase I and metaphase I of the triploid hybrid. It is concluded that the mechanism controlling bivalent formation in Ae. biuncialis acts mainly at zygotene by restricting pairing to homologous chromosomes, but also acts at pachytene by preventing chiasma formation in the homoeologous associations. In the hybrid the mechanism fails at both stages. Key words : Aegilops biuncialis, allotetraploid, intergeneric hybrid, pairing control, synaptonemal complex.
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Lu MC, Wung WE, Shih LB, Callejas S, Gearien JE, Thompson EB. Molecular modification of anticholinergics as probes for muscarinic receptors. 1. Amino esters of alpha-substituted phenylacetic acid and related analogues. J Med Chem 1987; 30:273-8. [PMID: 3806612 DOI: 10.1021/jm00385a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two series of compounds having the general structure of C6H5CRR'COOCH2CH2NEt2 were synthesized and examined for their antispasmodic activities. These compounds were selected as structural probes for exploring the nature of muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding sites that interact with atropine-like anticholinergics. These studies indicate a rather strict size limitation for the hydrophobic region of the receptor and suggest intramolecular hydrogen bonding as a possible means to explain the observed stereoselectivity.
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