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Hildenbrand T, Kuhn S, Everad F, Hassepaß F, Neudert M, Offergeld C. [Views of assistant professors on digital transformation in otorhinolaryngology education : Current status and perspectives in undergraduate and advanced training]. HNO 2024; 72:303-309. [PMID: 38587662 PMCID: PMC11045641 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-024-01468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital transformation in curricular teaching in medicine comprises the use of digital teaching and learning formats as well as the transfer of digital skills for medical staff. Concepts of knowledge transfer and competency profiles also have to be adapted and transferred in advanced training due to necessary changes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was an evaluation of the current state of digital transformation in otorhinolaryngology teaching in undergraduate and advanced training at otorhinolaryngology departments of university medical centers in Germany. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire with nine questions on digital transformation was sent to the assistant professors of 37 national university ENT departments. The anonymous survey was conducted online via the online platform SurveyMonkey®. RESULTS Of the contacted assistant professors, 86.5% participated in the survey. Teaching sessions on digital skills for medical students are part of the curriculum in only 25% of ENT departments. Digital teaching formats are used by half of the departments in undergraduate training. Only 56.25% of the assistant professors receive support to realize the changes required by digital transformation. In 40.62% of departments, the issue of digital transformation is broached during advanced training, but only 28.12% use digital teaching methods to train junior doctors. CONCLUSION Aspects of digital transformation are implemented mainly in undergraduate education, partly driven by the COVID 19 pandemic. Overall, there is still considerable backlog in undergraduate and advanced training in ENT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hildenbrand
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
| | - S Kuhn
- Institut für Digitale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Gießen-Marburg & Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - F Everad
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - F Hassepaß
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - M Neudert
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - C Offergeld
- Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
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Offergeld C, Kuhn S, Kromeier J, Heermann S, Widder A, Flayyih O, Everad F, Knopf A, Albrecht T, Burkhardt V, Hildenbrand T, Ramackers W. [Is the use of virtual reality in otorhinolaryngology teaching automatically positively rated by students? : A questionnaire-based evaluation among students]. HNO 2024; 72:367-374. [PMID: 38578464 PMCID: PMC11045625 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-024-01453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analogous to the situation in other disciplines, digital ENT teaching made significant progress during the pandemic. Most ENT clinics nationwide were able to offer a complete virtual teaching program in time. Innovative teaching methods were also used early on. This was recognized in student teaching evaluations. Due to the expansion of virtual reality (VR) in medical teaching, even greater satisfaction should be expected through improved teaching quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surveys were performed with students (n = 180) of the ENT block internship in the summer semester of 2023. The aim of the evaluation was to determine the students' satisfaction with and subjective effectiveness of the newly implemented VR digital teaching method for teaching ear anatomy and coniotomy. A survey was also carried out among resident physicians. RESULTS The ENT teaching was perceived favorably by the students, with an average rating of 11.7 out of 15. The learning effectiveness and the value of VR in the ENT learning portfolio was evaluated varyingly by the students. The physicians' assessment was different, with a more positive perception. CONCLUSION Virtual reality represents an innovative component in the teaching portfolio of otolaryngology. This new teaching method is viewed and accepted as a future-oriented tool. Remarkably, the physicians involved voted consistently positively, while the students gave more critical assessments and pointed out limitations in the individual and subjective areas. These findings are in contrast to the further development of innovative teaching methods demanded by student interest groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Offergeld
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - S Kuhn
- Institut für Digitalisierung in der Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Gießen-Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - J Kromeier
- Klinik für Radiologie, St. Josef-Krankenhaus Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - S Heermann
- Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - A Widder
- Studiendekanat der Med. Fak., Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - O Flayyih
- Studiendekanat der Med. Fak., Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - F Everad
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - A Knopf
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Albrecht
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - V Burkhardt
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Hildenbrand
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - W Ramackers
- Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
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Islam Z, Polash A, Suzawa M, Chim B, Kuhn S, Sultana S, Cutrona N, Smith PT, Kabat J, Ganesan S, Foroushani A, Hafner M, Muljo SA. MATRIN3 deficiency triggers autoinflammation via cGAS-STING activation. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.01.587645. [PMID: 38712171 PMCID: PMC11071297 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.01.587645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) comprise a program of immune effectors important for host immune defense. When uncontrolled, ISGs play a central role in interferonopathies and other inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms responsible for turning on ISGs are not completely known. By investigating MATRIN3 (MATR3), a nuclear RNA-binding protein mutated in familial ALS, we found that perturbing MATR3 results in elevated expression of ISGs. Using an integrative approach, we elucidate a pathway that leads to activation of cGAS-STING. This outlines a plausible mechanism for pathogenesis in a subset of ALS, and suggests new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohirul Islam
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ahsan Polash
- RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease (NIAMS), NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Masataka Suzawa
- RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease (NIAMS), NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Bryan Chim
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch (RTB), NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sabrina Sultana
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Cutrona
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Patrick T. Smith
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, RTB, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Biological Imaging Section, RTB, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Amir Foroushani
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- RNA Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease (NIAMS), NIH; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stefan A. Muljo
- Integrative Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology (LISB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Staplin N, Haynes R, Judge PK, Wanner C, Green JB, Emberson J, Preiss D, Mayne KJ, Ng SYA, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu WJ, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Petrini M, Seidi S, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Herrington WG, Abat S, Abd Rahman R, Abdul Cader R, Abdul Hafidz MI, Abdul Wahab MZ, Abdullah NK, Abdul-Samad T, Abe M, Abraham N, Acheampong S, Achiri P, Acosta JA, Adeleke A, Adell V, Adewuyi-Dalton R, Adnan N, Africano A, Agharazii M, Aguilar F, Aguilera A, Ahmad M, Ahmad MK, Ahmad NA, Ahmad NH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Miswan N, Ahmad Rosdi H, Ahmed I, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Aiello J, Aitken A, AitSadi R, Aker S, Akimoto S, Akinfolarin A, Akram S, Alberici F, Albert C, Aldrich L, Alegata M, Alexander L, Alfaress S, Alhadj Ali M, Ali A, Ali A, Alicic R, Aliu A, Almaraz R, Almasarwah R, Almeida J, Aloisi A, Al-Rabadi L, Alscher D, Alvarez P, Al-Zeer B, Amat M, Ambrose C, Ammar H, An Y, Andriaccio L, Ansu K, Apostolidi A, Arai N, Araki H, Araki S, Arbi A, Arechiga O, Armstrong S, Arnold T, Aronoff S, Arriaga W, Arroyo J, Arteaga D, Asahara S, Asai A, Asai N, Asano S, Asawa M, Asmee MF, Aucella F, Augustin M, Avery A, Awad A, Awang IY, Awazawa M, Axler A, Ayub W, Azhari Z, Baccaro R, Badin C, Bagwell B, Bahlmann-Kroll E, Bahtar AZ, Baigent C, Bains D, Bajaj H, Baker R, Baldini E, Banas B, Banerjee D, Banno S, Bansal S, Barberi S, Barnes S, Barnini C, Barot C, Barrett K, Barrios R, Bartolomei Mecatti B, Barton I, Barton J, Basily W, Bavanandan S, Baxter A, Becker L, Beddhu S, Beige J, Beigh S, Bell S, Benck U, Beneat A, Bennett A, Bennett D, Benyon S, Berdeprado J, Bergler T, Bergner A, Berry M, Bevilacqua M, Bhairoo J, Bhandari S, Bhandary N, Bhatt A, Bhattarai M, Bhavsar M, Bian W, Bianchini F, Bianco S, Bilous R, Bilton J, Bilucaglia D, Bird C, Birudaraju D, Biscoveanu M, Blake C, Bleakley N, Bocchicchia K, Bodine S, Bodington R, Boedecker S, Bolduc M, Bolton S, Bond C, Boreky F, Boren K, Bouchi R, Bough L, Bovan D, Bowler C, Bowman L, Brar N, Braun C, Breach A, Breitenfeldt M, Brenner S, Brettschneider B, Brewer A, Brewer G, Brindle V, Brioni E, Brown C, Brown H, Brown L, Brown R, Brown S, Browne D, Bruce K, Brueckmann M, Brunskill N, Bryant M, Brzoska M, Bu Y, Buckman C, Budoff M, Bullen M, Burke A, Burnette S, Burston C, Busch M, Bushnell J, Butler S, Büttner C, Byrne C, Caamano A, Cadorna J, Cafiero C, Cagle M, Cai J, Calabrese K, Calvi C, Camilleri B, Camp S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cao H, Capelli I, Caple M, Caplin B, Cardone A, Carle J, Carnall V, Caroppo M, Carr S, Carraro G, Carson M, Casares P, Castillo C, Castro C, Caudill B, Cejka V, Ceseri M, Cham L, Chamberlain A, Chambers J, Chan CBT, Chan JYM, Chan YC, Chang E, Chang E, Chant T, Chavagnon T, Chellamuthu P, Chen F, Chen J, Chen P, Chen TM, Chen Y, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng H, Cheng MC, Cherney D, Cheung AK, Ching CH, Chitalia N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, 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Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Li A, Hancock JC, Quezado M, Ahn S, Briceno N, Celiku O, Ranjan S, Aboud O, Colwell N, Kim SA, Nduom E, Kuhn S, Park DM, Vera E, Aldape K, Armstrong TS, Gilbert MR. TGF-β and BMP signaling are associated with the transformation of glioblastoma to gliosarcoma and then osteosarcoma. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdad164. [PMID: 38292240 PMCID: PMC10825841 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gliosarcoma, an isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype (IDH-WT) variant of glioblastoma, is defined by clonal biphasic differentiation into gliomatous and sarcomatous components. While the transformation from a glioblastoma to gliosarcoma is uncommon, the subsequent transformation to osteosarcoma is rare but may provide additional insights into the biology of these typically distinct cancers. We observed a patient initially diagnosed with glioblastoma, that differentiated into gliosarcoma at recurrence, and further evolved to osteosarcoma at the second relapse. Our objective was to characterize the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression associated with this phenotypic transformation. Methods Tumor samples were collected at all 3 stages of disease and RNA sequencing was performed to capture their transcriptomic profiles. Sequential clonal evolution was confirmed by the maintenance of an identical PTEN mutation throughout the tumor differentiation using the TSO500 gene panel. Publicly available datasets and the Nanostring nCounter technology were used to validate the results. Results The glioblastoma tumor from this patient possessed mixed features of all 3 TCGA-defined transcriptomic subtypes of an IDH-WT glioblastoma and a proportion of osteosarcoma signatures were upregulated in the original tumor. Analysis showed that enhanced transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenic protein signaling was associated with tumor transformation. Regulatory network analysis revealed that TGF-β family signaling committed the lineage tumor to osteogenesis by stimulating the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a master regulator of bone formation. Conclusions This unusual clinical case provided an opportunity to explore the modulators of longitudinal sarcomatous transformation, potentially uncovering markers indicating predisposition to this change and identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Li
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John C Hancock
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Quezado
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susie Ahn
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole Briceno
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Orieta Celiku
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Surabhi Ranjan
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Orwa Aboud
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Nicole Colwell
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sun A Kim
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edjah Nduom
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Deric M Park
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vera
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ken Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Terri S Armstrong
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Jang MK, Markowitz TE, Andargie TE, Apalara Z, Kuhn S, Agbor-Enoh S. Cell-free chromatin immunoprecipitation to detect molecular pathways in heart transplantation. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302003. [PMID: 37730434 PMCID: PMC10511822 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing monitoring approaches in heart transplantation lack the sensitivity to provide deep molecular assessments to guide management, or require endomyocardial biopsy, an invasive and blind procedure that lacks the precision to reliably obtain biopsy samples from diseased sites. This study examined plasma cell-free DNA chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (cfChIP-seq) as a noninvasive proxy to define molecular gene sets and sources of tissue injury in heart transplant patients. In healthy controls and in heart transplant patients, cfChIP-seq reliably detected housekeeping genes. cfChIP-seq identified differential gene signals of relevant immune and nonimmune molecular pathways that were predominantly down-regulated in immunosuppressed heart transplant patients compared with healthy controls. cfChIP-seq also identified cell-free DNA tissue sources. Compared with healthy controls, heart transplant patients demonstrated greater cell-free DNA from tissue types associated with heart transplant complications, including the heart, hematopoietic cells, lungs, liver, and vascular endothelium. cfChIP-seq may therefore be a reliable approach to profile dynamic assessments of molecular pathways and sources of tissue injury in heart transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Kyoo Jang
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tovah E Markowitz
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Integrated Data Sciences Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Temesgen E Andargie
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zainab Apalara
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Integrated Data Sciences Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean Agbor-Enoh
- https://ror.org/01cwqze88 Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Schade A, Bader A, Huber T, Kuhn S, Czyszanowski T, Pfenning A, Rygała M, Smołka T, Motyka M, Sęk G, Hartmann F, Höfling S. Monolithic high contrast grating on GaSb/AlAsSb based epitaxial structures for mid-infrared wavelength applications. Opt Express 2023; 31:16025-16034. [PMID: 37157690 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate monolithic high contrast gratings (MHCG) based on GaSb/AlAs0.08Sb0.92 epitaxial structures with sub-wavelength gratings enabling high reflection of unpolarized mid-infrared radiation at the wavelength range from 2.5 to 5 µm. We study the reflectivity wavelength dependence of MHCGs with ridge widths ranging from 220 to 984 nm and fixed 2.6 µm grating period and demonstrate that peak reflectivity of above 0.7 can be shifted from 3.0 to 4.3 µm for ridge widths from 220 to 984 nm, respectively. Maximum reflectivity of up to 0.9 at 4 µm can be achieved. The experiments are in good agreement with numerical simulations, confirming high process flexibility in terms of peak reflectivity and wavelength selection. MHCGs have hitherto been regarded as mirrors enabling high reflection of selected light polarization. With this work, we show that thoughtfully designed MHCG yields high reflectivity for both orthogonal polarizations simultaneously. Our experiment demonstrates that MHCGs are promising candidates to replace conventional mirrors like distributed Bragg reflectors to realize resonator based optical and optoelectronic devices such as resonant cavity enhanced light emitting diodes and resonant cavity enhanced photodetectors in the mid-infrared spectral region, for which epitaxial growth of distributed Bragg reflectors is challenging.
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Jang MK, Markowitz TE, Andargie TE, Apalara Z, Kuhn S, Agbor-Enoh S. Cell-free Chromatin Immunoprecipitation to detect molecular pathways in Physiological and Disease States. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.24.525414. [PMID: 36789421 PMCID: PMC9928031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.525414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Patient monitoring is a cornerstone in clinical practice to define disease phenotypes and guide clinical management. Unfortunately, this is often reliant on invasive and/or less sensitive methods that do not provide deep phenotype assessments of disease state to guide treatment. This paper examined plasma cell-free DNA chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (cfChIP-seq) to define molecular gene sets in physiological and heart transplant patients taking immunosuppression medications. We show cfChIP-seq reliably detect gene signals that correlate with gene expression. In healthy controls and in heart transplant patients, cfChIP-seq reliably detected housekeeping genes. cfChIP-seq identified differential gene signals of the relevant immune and non-immune molecular pathways that were predominantly downregulated in immunosuppressed heart transplant patients compared to healthy controls. cfChIP-seq also identified tissue sources of cfDNA, detecting greater cell-free DNA from cardiac, hematopoietic, and other non-hematopoietic tissues such as the pulmonary, digestive, and neurological tissues in transplant patients than healthy controls. cfChIP-seq gene signals were reproducible between patient populations and blood collection methods. cfChIP-seq may therefore be a reliable approach to provide dynamic assessments of molecular pathways and tissue injury associated to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon K. Jang
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision. Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tovah E. Markowitz
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Temesgen E. Andargie
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision. Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zainab Apalara
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision. Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sean Agbor-Enoh
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) and Laboratory of Applied Precision. Omics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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10
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Rothweiler R, Kuhn S, Stark T, Heinemann S, Hoess A, Fuessinger MA, Brandenburg LS, Roelz R, Metzger MC, Hubbe U. Development of a new critical size defect model in the paranasal sinus and first approach for defect reconstruction-An in vivo maxillary bone defect study in sheep. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2022; 33:76. [PMID: 36264396 PMCID: PMC9584845 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fractures of the paranasal sinuses often require surgical intervention. Persisting bone defects lead to permanent visible deformities of the facial contours. Bone substitutes for reconstruction of defects with simultaneous induction of new bone formation are not commercially available for the paranasal sinus. New materials are urgently needed and have to be tested in their future area of application. For this purpose critical size defect models for the paranasal sinus have to be developed. A ≥2.4 cm large bilateral circular defect was created in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus in six sheep via an extraoral approach. The defect was filled with two types of an osteoconductive titanium scaffold (empty scaffold vs. scaffold filled with a calcium phosphate bone cement paste) or covered with a titanium mesh either. Sheep were euthanized after four months. All animals performed well, no postoperative complications occured. Meshes and scaffolds were safely covered with soft tissue at the end of the study. The initial defect size of ≥2.4 cm only shrunk minimally during the investigation period confirming a critical size defect. No ingrowth of bone into any of the scaffolds was observed. The anterior wall of the maxillary sinus is a region with low complication rate for performing critical size defect experiments in sheep. We recommend this region for experiments with future scaffold materials whose intended use is not only limited to the paranasal sinus, as the defect is challenging even for bone graft substitutes with proven osteoconductivity. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rothweiler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - S Kuhn
- Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG, Bötzinger Straße 41, 79111, Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Stark
- Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG, Bötzinger Straße 41, 79111, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Heinemann
- INNOTERE GmbH, Meissner Str. 191, 01445, Radebeul, Germany
| | - A Hoess
- INNOTERE GmbH, Meissner Str. 191, 01445, Radebeul, Germany
| | - M A Fuessinger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - L S Brandenburg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - R Roelz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M C Metzger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - U Hubbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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11
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Kuhn S, Lehmann K, Verthein U. Evaluation der 3. Verordnung zur Änderung der
Betäubungsmittel-Verschreibungsverordnung (3.BtMVVÄndV):
Ergebnisse im Überblick. Suchttherapie 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Kuhn
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Zentrum für
Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS),
Hamburg
| | - K Lehmann
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Zentrum für
Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS),
Hamburg
| | - U Verthein
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Zentrum für
Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS),
Hamburg
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12
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Lehmann K, Kuhn S, Verthein U. Substitutionsbehandlung Opioidabhängiger unter der
COVID-19-Pandemie. Suchttherapie 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Lehmann
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der
Universität Hamburg, Hamburg
| | - S Kuhn
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der
Universität Hamburg, Hamburg
| | - U Verthein
- Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der
Universität Hamburg, Hamburg
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13
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Parker AL, Toulabi L, Oike T, Kanke Y, Patel D, Tada T, Taylor S, Beck JA, Bowman E, Reyzer ML, Butcher D, Kuhn S, Pauly GT, Krausz KW, Gonzalez FJ, Hussain SP, Ambs S, Ryan BM, Wang XW, Harris CC. Creatine riboside is a cancer cell-derived metabolite associated with arginine auxotrophy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157410. [PMID: 35838048 PMCID: PMC9282934 DOI: 10.1172/jci157410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic dependencies of cancer cells have substantial potential to be exploited to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Creatine riboside (CR) is identified as a urinary metabolite associated with risk and prognosis in lung and liver cancer. However, the source of high CR levels in patients with cancer as well as their implications for the treatment of these aggressive cancers remain unclear. By integrating multiomics data on lung and liver cancer, we have shown that CR is a cancer cell–derived metabolite. Global metabolomics and gene expression analysis of human tumors and matched liquid biopsies, together with functional studies, revealed that dysregulation of the mitochondrial urea cycle and a nucleotide imbalance were associated with high CR levels and indicators of a poor prognosis. This metabolic phenotype was associated with reduced immune infiltration and supported rapid cancer cell proliferation that drove aggressive tumor growth. CRhi cancer cells were auxotrophic for arginine, revealing a metabolic vulnerability that may be exploited therapeutically. This highlights the potential of CR not only as a poor-prognosis biomarker but also as a companion biomarker to inform the administration of arginine-targeted therapies in precision medicine strategies to improve survival for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L Parker
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Leila Toulabi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Takahiro Oike
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kanke
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daxeshkumar Patel
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Takeshi Tada
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sheryse Taylor
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica A Beck
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elise Bowman
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle L Reyzer
- National Research Resource for Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Pathology and Histotechnology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource
| | | | | | | | - S Perwez Hussain
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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14
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Hubbe U, Beiser S, Kuhn S, Stark T, Hoess A, Cristina-Schmitz H, Vasilikos I, Metzger MC, Rothweiler R. A fully ingrowing implant for cranial reconstruction: Results in critical size defects in sheep using 3D-printed titanium scaffold. Biomater Adv 2022; 136:212754. [PMID: 35929289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current alloplastic materials such as PMMA, titanium or PEEK don't show relevant bone ingrowth into the implant when used for cranioplasty, ceramic implants have the drawback being brittle. New materials and implant designs are urgently needed being biocompatible, stable enough for cranioplasty and stimulating bone formation. In an in vivo critical size sheep model circular cranial defects (>2.4 cm) were covered with three different types of a 3D-printed porous titanium scaffolds with multidirectional, stochastically distributed architecture (uncoated scaffold, hydroxyapatite-coated scaffold, uncoated scaffold filled with a calcium phosphate bone cement paste containing β-TCP granules). An empty titanium mesh served as control. Among the different investigated setups the hydroxyapatite-coated scaffolds showed a surprisingly favourable performance. Push-out tests revealed a 2.9 fold higher force needed in the hydroxyapatite-coated scaffolds compared to the mesh group. Mean CT density at five different points inside the scaffold was 2385HU in the hydroxyapatite-coated group compared to 1978HU in the uncoated scaffold at nine months. Average lateral bone ingrowth after four months in the hydroxyapatite-coated scaffold group was up to the implant center, 12.1 mm on average, compared to 2.8 mm in the control group covered with mesh only. These properties make the investigated scaffold with multidirectional, stochastically distributed structure superior to all products currently on the market. The study gives a good idea of what future materials for cranioplasty might look like.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Hubbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - S Beiser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - S Kuhn
- Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG, Bötzinger Straße 41, Freiburg 79111, Germany.
| | - T Stark
- Stryker Leibinger GmbH & Co. KG, Bötzinger Straße 41, Freiburg 79111, Germany.
| | - A Hoess
- INNOTERE GmbH, Meissner Str. 191, Radebeul, 01445, Germany
| | - H Cristina-Schmitz
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Center for Experimental Models and Transgenic Services, Germany; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - I Vasilikos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 64, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - M C Metzger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - R Rothweiler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
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15
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Goebel TA, Nold J, Hupel C, Kuhn S, Haarlammert N, Schreiber T, Matzdorf C, Imogore TO, Krämer RG, Richter D, Tünnermann A, Nolte S. Ultrashort pulse written fiber Bragg gratings as narrowband filters in multicore fibers. Appl Opt 2021; 60:D43-D51. [PMID: 34263827 DOI: 10.1364/ao.421089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present the inscription of narrow-linewidth fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) into different types of multicore fibers (MCFs) using ultrashort laser pulses and the phase mask technique, which can act as notch filters. Such filters are required, e.g., to suppress light emitted by hydroxyl in the Earth's upper atmosphere, which disturbs ground-based observation of extraterrestrial objects in the near infrared. However, the inscription into a commercially available seven-core fiber showed a quite large core-to-core deviation of the resonance wavelength of up to 0.45 nm. Two options are presented to overcome this: first, we present the photo-treatment of the FBGs to tune the resonance wavelength, which allows for sufficient resonance shifts. Second, adapted MCFs containing 12 cores, arranged on a circle, are fabricated. For this, two different fabrication procedures were investigated, namely, the mechanical drilling of the preform for a rod-in-tube version as well as a stack-and-draw approach. Both adapted MCFs yielded significant improvements with core-to-core wavelength variations of the FBGs of only about 0.18 nm and 0.11 nm, respectively, sufficient to fulfill the requirements for astronomical filter applications as discussed above.
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16
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Horibata S, Teramoto T, Vijayarangan N, Kuhn S, Padmanabhan R, Vasudevan S, Gottesman M, Padmanabhan R. Host gene expression modulated by Zika virus infection of human-293 cells. Virology 2021; 552:32-42. [PMID: 33059318 PMCID: PMC8383823 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The HEK-293 cell line was created in 1977 by transformation of primary human embryonic kidney cells with sheared adenovirus type 5 DNA. A previous study determined that the HEK-293 cells have neuronal markers rather than kidney markers. In this study, we tested the hypothesis whether Zika virus (ZIKV), a neurotropic virus, is able to infect and replicate in the HEK-293 cells. We show that the HEK-293 cells infected with ZIKV support viral replication as shown by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR). We performed RNA-seq analysis on the ZIKV-infected and the control uninfected HEK-293 cells and find 659 genes that are differentially transcribed in ZIKV-infected HEK-293 cells as compared to uninfected cells. The results show that the top 10 differentially transcribed and upregulated genes are involved in antiviral and inflammatory responses. Seven upregulated genes, IFNL1, DDX58, CXCL10, ISG15, KCNJ15, IFNIH1, and IFIT2, were validated by qRT-PCR. Altogether, our findings show that ZIKV infection alters host gene expression by affecting their antiviral and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachi Horibata
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Tadahisa Teramoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, United States
| | - Navin Vijayarangan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington D.C, 20057, United States
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Raji Padmanabhan
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Sona Vasudevan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington D.C, 20057, United States
| | - Michael Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Radhakrishnan Padmanabhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, United States.
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17
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Arauz RF, Byun JS, Tandon M, Sinha S, Kuhn S, Taylor S, Zingone A, Mitchell KA, Pine SR, Gardner K, Perez-Stable EJ, Napoles AM, Ryan BM. Whole-Exome Profiling of NSCLC Among African Americans. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:1880-1892. [PMID: 32931935 PMCID: PMC7704928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer incidence is higher among African Americans (AAs) compared with European Americans (EAs) in the United States, especially among men. Although significant progress has been made profiling the genomic makeup of lung cancer in EAs, AAs continue to be underrepresented. Our objective was to chart the genome-wide landscape of somatic mutations in lung cancer tumors from AAs. METHODS In this study, we used the whole-exome sequencing of 82 tumor and noninvolved tissue pairs from AAs. Patients were selected from an ongoing case-control study conducted by the National Cancer Institute and the University of Maryland. RESULTS Among all samples, we identified 178 significantly mutated genes (p < 0.05), five of which passed the threshold for false discovery rate (p < 0.1). In lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumors, mutation rates in STK11 (p = 0.05) and RB1 (p = 0.008) were significantly higher in AA LUAD tumors (25% and 13%, respectively) compared with The Cancer Genome Atlas EA samples (14% and 4%, respectively). In squamous cell carcinomas, mutation rates in STK11 (p = 0.002) were significantly higher among AA (8%) than EA tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (1%). Integrated somatic mutation data with CIBERSORT (Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts) data analysis revealed LUAD tumors from AAs carrying STK11 mutations have decreased interferon signaling. CONCLUSIONS Although a considerable degree of the somatic mutation landscape is shared between EAs and AAs, discrete differences in mutation frequency in potentially important oncogenes and tumor suppressors exist. A better understanding of the molecular basis of lung cancer in AA patients and leveraging this information to guide clinical interventions may help reduce disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony F Arauz
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jung S Byun
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mayank Tandon
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource CCBR, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Sanju Sinha
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource CCBR, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Sheryse Taylor
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Khadijah A Mitchell
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sharon R Pine
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Kevin Gardner
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Anna M Napoles
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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18
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Ishii K, Pouzolles M, Chien CD, Erwin-Cohen RA, Kohler ME, Qin H, Lei H, Kuhn S, Ombrello AK, Dulau-Florea A, Eckhaus MA, Shalabi H, Yates B, Lichtenstein DA, Zimmermann VS, Kondo T, Shern JF, Young HA, Taylor N, Shah NN, Fry TJ. Perforin-deficient CAR T cells recapitulate late-onset inflammatory toxicities observed in patients. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5425-5443. [PMID: 32925169 PMCID: PMC7524496 DOI: 10.1172/jci130059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset inflammatory toxicities resembling hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) or macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) occur after chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) infusion and represent a therapeutic challenge. Given the established link between perforin deficiency and primary HLH, we investigated the role of perforin in anti-CD19 CAR T cell efficacy and HLH-like toxicities in a syngeneic murine model. Perforin contributed to both CD8+ and CD4+ CAR T cell cytotoxicity but was not required for in vitro or in vivo leukemia clearance. Upon CAR-mediated in vitro activation, perforin-deficient CAR T cells produced higher amounts of proinflammatory cytokines compared with WT CAR T cells. Following in vivo clearance of leukemia, perforin-deficient CAR T cells reexpanded, resulting in splenomegaly with disruption of normal splenic architecture and the presence of hemophagocytes, which are findings reminiscent of HLH. Notably, a substantial fraction of patients who received anti-CD22 CAR T cells also experienced biphasic inflammation, with the second phase occurring after the resolution of cytokine release syndrome, resembling clinical manifestations of HLH. Elevated inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 and concurrent late CAR T cell expansion characterized the HLH-like syndromes occurring in the murine model and in humans. Thus, a murine model of perforin-deficient CAR T cells recapitulated late-onset inflammatory toxicities occurring in human CAR T cell recipients, providing therapeutically relevant mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusa Ishii
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, and
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunotherapy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marie Pouzolles
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Christopher D. Chien
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Rebecca A. Erwin-Cohen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - M. Eric Kohler
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Haiying Qin
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Haiyan Lei
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Amanda K. Ombrello
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH
| | | | - Michael A. Eckhaus
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Division of Veterinary Resources, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Haneen Shalabi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Bonnie Yates
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Daniel A. Lichtenstein
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Valérie S. Zimmermann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Université de Montpellier, IGMM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Taisuke Kondo
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Howard A. Young
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Université de Montpellier, IGMM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Nirali N. Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
| | - Terry J. Fry
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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19
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Offergeld C, Ketterer M, Neudert M, Hassepaß F, Weerda N, Richter B, Traser L, Becker C, Deeg N, Knopf A, Wesarg T, Rauch AK, Jakob T, Ferver F, Lang F, Vielsmeier V, Hackenberg S, Diensthuber M, Praetorius M, Hofauer B, Mansour N, Kuhn S, Hildenbrand T. ["Online from tomorrow on please": comparison of digital framework conditions of curricular teaching at national university ENT clinics in times of COVID-19 : Digital teaching at national university ENT clinics]. HNO 2020; 69:213-220. [PMID: 32929523 PMCID: PMC7490113 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-020-00939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Die Corona-Krise beeinflusst nicht nur das professionelle Handeln, sondern auch die Lehre an den Universitäten. Schlagworte wie „E-Learning“ und „Digitalisierung“ suggerieren die Möglichkeit innovativer, ad hoc verfügbarer Lösungsansätze für die Lehre in der aktuellen COVID-19-Situation. Die aktuelle Umstellung auf digitale Lehre ist aber nicht primär durch eine didaktische Sinnhaftigkeit oder institutionelle Strategie, sondern durch äußere Notwendigkeit geprägt. Ziel der Arbeit Ziel der Arbeit war die Erfassung der Lehrsituation an nationalen Universitäts-HNO-Kliniken und akademischen Lehrkrankenhäusern zu Beginn des virtuellen Corona-Sommersemesters 2020. Material und Methode Ein eigens erstellter Fragebogen zur jeweiligen lokalen Situation, den örtlichen Rahmenbedingungen sowie zu bundesweiten Szenarien wurde an alle 39 nationalen Universitäts-HNO-Kliniken und 20 akademischen Lehrkrankenhäuser mit HNO-Hauptabteilung versandt. Ergebnisse Die ausgefüllten Fragebögen von 31 Universitätskliniken (UK) und 10 akademische Lehrkrankenhäuser (ALK) gingen in die Auswertung ein. Es zeigten sich offensichtliche Diskrepanzen zwischen verfügbaren Ressourcen und tatsächlich verfügbaren digitalisierten Lehrinhalten. Weitere Kritikpunkte offenbarten sich in Bezug auf die Kommunikation mit der Medizinischen Fakultät, die digitale Infrastruktur und insbesondere in der oftmals mangelnden Kollaboration mit den zentralen Supportstrukturen, wie Medien‑, Didaktik- und Rechenzentren. Schlussfolgerung Es gibt durchaus positive Beispiele für eine gelungene Überführung der Präsenzlehre in das ausschließlich virtuelle Sommersemester 2020 innerhalb der Universitäts-HNO-Kliniken. Mehrheitlich aber überwiegen kritische Einschätzungen der Lehrbeauftragten bzw. Ärztlichen Direktoren gegenüber der aktuellen Lehrsituation. Eine zeitkritische strategische Weiterentwicklung ist dringend erforderlich.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Offergeld
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
| | - M Ketterer
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - M Neudert
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - F Hassepaß
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - N Weerda
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - B Richter
- Institut für Musikermedizin, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - L Traser
- Institut für Musikermedizin, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - C Becker
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - N Deeg
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - A Knopf
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Wesarg
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - A-K Rauch
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Jakob
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - F Ferver
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - F Lang
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - V Vielsmeier
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
| | - S Hackenberg
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - M Diensthuber
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, , Goethe Universität, Frankfurt/M, Deutschland
| | - M Praetorius
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - B Hofauer
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - N Mansour
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - S Kuhn
- Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - T Hildenbrand
- Univ.-HNO-Klinik, Med. Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Killianstraße 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
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20
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Hoy JJ, Salinas Parra N, Park J, Kuhn S, Iglesias-Bartolome R. Protein kinase A inhibitor proteins (PKIs) divert GPCR-Gαs-cAMP signaling toward EPAC and ERK activation and are involved in tumor growth. FASEB J 2020; 34:13900-13917. [PMID: 32830375 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001515r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The PKA-inhibitor (PKI) family members PKIα, PKIβ, and PKIγ bind with high affinity to PKA and block its kinase activity, modulating the extent, and duration of PKA-mediated signaling events. While PKA is a well-known regulator of physiological and oncogenic events, the role of PKI proteins in these pathways has remained elusive. Here, by measuring activation of the MAPK pathway downstream of GPCR-Gαs-cAMP signaling, we show that the expression levels of PKI proteins can alter the balance of activation of two major cAMP targets: PKA and EPAC. Our results indicate that PKA maintains repressive control over MAPK signaling as well as a negative feedback on cAMP concentration. Overexpression of PKI and its subsequent repression of PKA dysregulates these signaling pathways, resulting in increased intracellular cAMP, and enhanced activation of EPAC and MAPK. We also find that amplifications of PKIA are common in prostate cancer and are associated with reduced progression free survival. Depletion of PKIA in prostate cancer cells leads to reduced migration, increased sensitivity to anoikis and reduced tumor growth. By altering PKA activity PKI can act as a molecular switch, driving GPCR-Gαs-cAMP signaling toward activation of EPAC-RAP1 and MAPK, ultimately modulating tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Hoy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Salinas Parra
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeannie Park
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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21
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Ishii H, Park WY, So J, Kuhn S, Koparde VN, Pang Y, Greten TF, Hollander MC, Yang L. Loss of myeloid-specific lamin A/C drives lung metastasis through Gfi-1 and C/EBPε-mediated granulocytic differentiation. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:679-690. [PMID: 31912614 PMCID: PMC7282947 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment promotes metastatic spread and outgrowth. One of the major contributors is tumor-associated myeloid cells. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating their differentiation and function are not well understood. Here we report lamin A/C, a nuclear lamina protein associated with chromatin remodeling, was one of the critical regulators in cellular reprogramming of tumor-associated myeloid cells. Using myeloid-specific lamin A/C knockout mice and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models, we discovered that the loss of lamin A/C drives CD11b+ Ly6G+ granulocytic lineage differentiation, alters the production of inflammatory chemokines, decreases host antitumor immunity, and increases metastasis. The underlying mechanisms involve an increased H3K4me3 leading to the upregulation of transcription factors (TFs) Gfi-1 and C/EBPε. Decreased lamin A/C and increased Gfi-1 and C/EBPε were also found in the granulocytic subset in the peripheral blood of human cancer patients. Our data provide a mechanistic understanding of myeloid lineage differentiation and function in the immune-suppressive microenvironment in TNBC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ishii
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Woo-Yong Park
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jaeyoung So
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Vishal N Koparde
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Yanli Pang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tim F Greten
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - M Christine Hollander
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for application expertise in natural language processing (NLP) is increasing in radiology. This way, in a complementary fashion to structured reporting using templates, the necessary database for quality assurance and continuous process optimization can be generated. OBJECTIVE Possibilities and challenges of the application of NLP from the radiology point of view are explained. MATERIALS AND METHODS The requirements and expectations for NLP systems are identified and demonstrated using a case study. RESULTS For an effective use of this technology, NLP tasks for the interpretation of text using RadLex, an intuitive usage and feedback option as well as transparent quality of the NLP results are important. DISCUSSION Using suitable NLP systems, targeted information can be extracted from large amounts of free text with manageable manual effort and high quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jungmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
| | - S Kuhn
- Zentrum für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - I Tsaur
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - B Kämpgen
- Empolis Information Management GmbH, Kaiserslautern, Deutschland
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23
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Tomassoni-Ardori F, Fulgenzi G, Becker J, Barrick C, Palko ME, Kuhn S, Koparde V, Cam M, Yanpallewar S, Oberdoerffer S, Tessarollo L. Rbfox1 up-regulation impairs BDNF-dependent hippocampal LTP by dysregulating TrkB isoform expression levels. eLife 2019; 8:49673. [PMID: 31429825 PMCID: PMC6715404 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent modulator of brain synaptic plasticity. Signaling defects caused by dysregulation of its Ntrk2 (TrkB) kinase (TrkB.FL) and truncated receptors (TrkB.T1) have been linked to the pathophysiology of several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. We found that upregulation of Rbfox1, an RNA binding protein associated with intellectual disability, epilepsy and autism, increases selectively hippocampal TrkB.T1 isoform expression. Physiologically, increased Rbfox1 impairs BDNF-dependent LTP which can be rescued by genetically restoring TrkB.T1 levels. RNA-seq analysis of hippocampi with upregulation of Rbfox1 in conjunction with the specific increase of TrkB.T1 isoform expression also shows that the genes affected by Rbfox1 gain of function are surprisingly different from those influenced by Rbfox1 deletion. These findings not only identify TrkB as a major target of Rbfox1 pathophysiology but also suggest that gain or loss of function of Rbfox1 regulate different genetic landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tomassoni-Ardori
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Gianluca Fulgenzi
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Jodi Becker
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Colleen Barrick
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Palko
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Vishal Koparde
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Maggie Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Sudhirkumar Yanpallewar
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
| | - Shalini Oberdoerffer
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Neural Development Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, United States
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24
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Greenfield J, Bruyère-Garnier K, Mehler D, Appelmann P, Kuhn S, Rommens P, Lafon Y. Influence of implant and screw type on local bone strain field: a preliminary study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1714972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Greenfield
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, Lyon, France
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Bruyère-Garnier
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, Lyon, France
| | - D. Mehler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - P. Appelmann
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Kuhn
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - P.M Rommens
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Y. Lafon
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, Lyon, France
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25
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Schreiber T, Kuhn S, Feldkamp G, Schwuchow A, Schuster K, Hein S, Eberhardt R, Tünnermann A. Micro-fluorescence lifetime and spectral imaging of ytterbium doped laser materials. Opt Express 2018; 26:32417-32432. [PMID: 30645409 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.032417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the application of a confocal fluorescence microscope to the analysis of Yb-doped solid-state laser materials, with examples of Yb-doped crystals, photonic crystal fibers and fiber preforms made with different manufacturing processes. Beside the fluorescence lifetime image itself, a microscopic spectral fluorescence emission analysis is presented and spatially resolved emission cross sections are obtained. Doping concentration and its distributions and other laser optical parameters are measured, which help to analyze manufacturing steps. Further properties like photodarkening and saturation are addressed.
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26
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Fransen S, Fransaer J, Kuhn S. Current and concentration distributions in electrochemical microreactors: Numerical calculations and asymptotic approximations for self-supported paired synthesis. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Ferreira J, Castro F, Rocha F, Kuhn S. Protein crystallization in a droplet-based microfluidic device: Hydrodynamic analysis and study of the phase behaviour. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Dreyer T, Kuhn S, Jelsma J, Heithorst N, Schilling D, Sievert W, Multhoff G, Wege AK, Kiechle M, Bronger H. Das Chemokin CX3CL1 erhöht die Immuninfiltration, reduziert Tumorwachstum und -metastasierung und verbessert die Trastuzumab-Therapie in vitro und in vivo. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Dreyer
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - S Kuhn
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, München, Deutschland
| | - J Jelsma
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - N Heithorst
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - D Schilling
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, München, Deutschland
| | - W Sievert
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, München, Deutschland
| | - G Multhoff
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, München, Deutschland
| | - AK Wege
- Universität Regensburg, Frauenklinik, München, Deutschland
| | - M Kiechle
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - H Bronger
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
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29
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Bronger H, Dreyer T, Demlehner J, Kuhn S, Kraeft S, Multhoff G, Kiechle M. CXCL9 wird durch den COX-Inhibitor Indomethacin aus Mammakarzinomzellen freigesetzt und hemmt das Tumorwachstum in vivo. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Bronger
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - T Dreyer
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - J Demlehner
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - S Kuhn
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, München, Deutschland
| | - S Kraeft
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
| | - G Multhoff
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, München, Deutschland
| | - M Kiechle
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, München, Deutschland
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30
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Vogt M, Meschede S, Seitz N, Kuhn S, Lutz M. Betrieb chemischer Speichertechnologien in einem Unternehmensverbund. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Vogt
- IUTA e.V; Luftreinhaltung und Aerosole; Bliersheimer Straße 58 60 47229 Duisburg Deutschland
| | - S. Meschede
- IUTA e.V; Luftreinhaltung und Aerosole; Bliersheimer Straße 58 60 47229 Duisburg Deutschland
| | - N. Seitz
- Technische Universität München; Forschungsinstitut Unternehmensführung, Logistik und Produktion; Leopoldstraße 145 80804 München Deutschland
| | - S. Kuhn
- Technische Universität München; Forschungsinstitut Unternehmensführung, Logistik und Produktion; Leopoldstraße 145 80804 München Deutschland
| | - M. Lutz
- Technische Universität München; Forschungsinstitut Unternehmensführung, Logistik und Produktion; Leopoldstraße 145 80804 München Deutschland
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Ehlmann BL, Edgett KS, Sutter B, Achilles CN, Litvak ML, Lapotre MGA, Sullivan R, Fraeman AA, Arvidson RE, Blake DF, Bridges NT, Conrad PG, Cousin A, Downs RT, Gabriel TSJ, Gellert R, Hamilton VE, Hardgrove C, Johnson JR, Kuhn S, Mahaffy PR, Maurice S, McHenry M, Meslin PY, Ming DW, Minitti ME, Morookian JM, Morris RV, O'Connell-Cooper CD, Pinet PC, Rowland SK, Schröder S, Siebach KL, Stein NT, Thompson LM, Vaniman DT, Vasavada AR, Wellington DF, Wiens RC, Yen AS. Chemistry, mineralogy, and grain properties at Namib and High dunes, Bagnold dune field, Gale crater, Mars: A synthesis of Curiosity rover observations. J Geophys Res Planets 2017; 122:2510-2543. [PMID: 29497589 DOI: 10.1002/2016je005225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover performed coordinated measurements to examine the textures and compositions of aeolian sands in the active Bagnold dune field. The Bagnold sands are rounded to subrounded, very fine to medium sized (~45-500 μm) with ≥6 distinct grain colors. In contrast to sands examined by Curiosity in a dust-covered, inactive bedform called Rocknest and soils at other landing sites, Bagnold sands are darker, less red, better sorted, have fewer silt-sized or smaller grains, and show no evidence for cohesion. Nevertheless, Bagnold mineralogy and Rocknest mineralogy are similar with plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxenes in similar proportions comprising >90% of crystalline phases, along with a substantial amorphous component (35% ± 15%). Yet Bagnold and Rocknest bulk chemistry differ. Bagnold sands are Si enriched relative to other soils at Gale crater, and H2O, S, and Cl are lower relative to all previously measured Martian soils and most Gale crater rocks. Mg, Ni, Fe, and Mn are enriched in the coarse-sieved fraction of Bagnold sands, corroborated by visible/near-infrared spectra that suggest enrichment of olivine. Collectively, patterns in major element chemistry and volatile release data indicate two distinctive volatile reservoirs in Martian soils: (1) amorphous components in the sand-sized fraction (represented by Bagnold) that are Si-enriched, hydroxylated alteration products and/or H2O- or OH-bearing impact or volcanic glasses and (2) amorphous components in the fine fraction (<40 μm; represented by Rocknest and other bright soils) that are Fe, S, and Cl enriched with low Si and adsorbed and structural H2O.
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Ehlmann BL, Edgett KS, Sutter B, Achilles CN, Litvak ML, Lapotre MGA, Sullivan R, Fraeman AA, Arvidson RE, Blake DF, Bridges NT, Conrad PG, Cousin A, Downs RT, Gabriel TSJ, Gellert R, Hamilton VE, Hardgrove C, Johnson JR, Kuhn S, Mahaffy PR, Maurice S, McHenry M, Meslin P, Ming DW, Minitti ME, Morookian JM, Morris RV, O'Connell‐Cooper CD, Pinet PC, Rowland SK, Schröder S, Siebach KL, Stein NT, Thompson LM, Vaniman DT, Vasavada AR, Wellington DF, Wiens RC, Yen AS. Chemistry, mineralogy, and grain properties at Namib and High dunes, Bagnold dune field, Gale crater, Mars: A synthesis of Curiosity rover observations. J Geophys Res Planets 2017; 122:2510-2543. [PMID: 29497589 PMCID: PMC5815393 DOI: 10.1002/2017je005267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover performed coordinated measurements to examine the textures and compositions of aeolian sands in the active Bagnold dune field. The Bagnold sands are rounded to subrounded, very fine to medium sized (~45-500 μm) with ≥6 distinct grain colors. In contrast to sands examined by Curiosity in a dust-covered, inactive bedform called Rocknest and soils at other landing sites, Bagnold sands are darker, less red, better sorted, have fewer silt-sized or smaller grains, and show no evidence for cohesion. Nevertheless, Bagnold mineralogy and Rocknest mineralogy are similar with plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxenes in similar proportions comprising >90% of crystalline phases, along with a substantial amorphous component (35% ± 15%). Yet Bagnold and Rocknest bulk chemistry differ. Bagnold sands are Si enriched relative to other soils at Gale crater, and H2O, S, and Cl are lower relative to all previously measured Martian soils and most Gale crater rocks. Mg, Ni, Fe, and Mn are enriched in the coarse-sieved fraction of Bagnold sands, corroborated by visible/near-infrared spectra that suggest enrichment of olivine. Collectively, patterns in major element chemistry and volatile release data indicate two distinctive volatile reservoirs in Martian soils: (1) amorphous components in the sand-sized fraction (represented by Bagnold) that are Si-enriched, hydroxylated alteration products and/or H2O- or OH-bearing impact or volcanic glasses and (2) amorphous components in the fine fraction (<40 μm; represented by Rocknest and other bright soils) that are Fe, S, and Cl enriched with low Si and adsorbed and structural H2O.
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Fitzsimmons D, Kloseck M, Kuhn S. DESIGNING AGE-INTEGRATED COMMUNITIES: LESSONS FROM A NATURALLY OCCURRING RETIREMENT COMMUNITY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Kloseck
- Western University, London, Ontario, Canada,
| | - S. Kuhn
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Beier F, Hupel C, Kuhn S, Hein S, Nold J, Proske F, Sattler B, Liem A, Jauregui C, Limpert J, Haarlammert N, Schreiber T, Eberhardt R, Tünnermann A. Single mode 4.3 kW output power from a diode-pumped Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Opt Express 2017; 25:14892-14899. [PMID: 28789071 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.014892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the average power scaling of two diode-pumped Yb-doped fiber amplifiers emitting a diffraction-limited beam. The first fiber under investigation with a core diameter of 30 µm was able to amplify a 10 W narrow linewidth seed laser up to 2.8 kW average output power before the onset of transverse mode instabilities (TMI). A further power scaling was achieved using a second fiber with a smaller core size (23µm), which allowed for a narrow linewidth output power of 3.5 kW limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). We mitigated SBS using a spectral broadening mechanism, which allowed us to further increase the output power to 4.3 kW only limited by the available pump power. Up to this power level, a high slope efficiency of 90% with diffraction-limited beam quality and without any sign of TMI or stimulated Raman scattering for a spectral dynamic range of higher than -80 dB was obtained.
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Kreitner KF, Kuhn S. Muss das CT immer im Schockraum integriert sein? Das Mainzer Modell. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Beier F, Hupel C, Nold J, Kuhn S, Hein S, Ihring J, Sattler B, Haarlammert N, Schreiber T, Eberhardt R, Tünnermann A. Narrow linewidth, single mode 3 kW average power from a directly diode pumped ytterbium-doped low NA fiber amplifier. Opt Express 2016; 24:6011-6020. [PMID: 27136795 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.006011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on a newly designed and fabricated ytterbium-doped large mode area fiber with an extremely low NA (~0.04) and related systematic investigations on fiber parameters that crucially influence the mode instability threshold. The fiber is used to demonstrate a narrow linewidth, continuous wave, single mode fiber laser amplifier emitting a maximum output power of 3 kW at a wavelength of 1070 nm without reaching the mode-instability threshold. A high slope efficiency of 90 %, excellent beam quality, high temporal stability, and an ASE suppression of 70 dB could be reached with a signal linewidth of only 170 pm.
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Tsatrafyllis N, Bergues B, Schröder H, Veisz L, Skantzakis E, Gray D, Bodi B, Kuhn S, Tsakiris GD, Charalambidis D, Tzallas P. The ion microscope as a tool for quantitative measurements in the extreme ultraviolet. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21556. [PMID: 26868370 PMCID: PMC4751500 DOI: 10.1038/srep21556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a tool for quantitative measurements in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral region measuring spatially resolved atomic ionization products at the focus of an EUV beam. The ionizing radiation is a comb of the 11(th)-15(th) harmonics of a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser beam produced in a Xenon gas jet. The spatial ion distribution at the focus of the harmonics is recorded using an ion microscope. Spatially resolved single- and two-photon ionization products of Argon and Helium are observed. From such ion distributions single- and two-photon generalized cross sections can be extracted by a self-calibrating method. The observation of spatially resolved two-EUV-photon ionization constitutes an initial step towards future single-shot temporal characterization of attosecond pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Tsatrafyllis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, GR71003 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
| | - B. Bergues
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H. Schröder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L. Veisz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - E. Skantzakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
| | - D. Gray
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
| | - B. Bodi
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
- Wigner Research Center for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - S. Kuhn
- ELI Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics ter 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - G. D. Tsakiris
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D. Charalambidis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, GR71003 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
- ELI Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics ter 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - P. Tzallas
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, PO Box 1527, GR71110 Heraklion (Crete), Greece
- ELI Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-Hu Kft., Dugonics ter 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Greenfield JRF, Kuhn S, Mehler D, Puel F, Rommens PM. Biomechanical evaluation of a new treatment method for distal tibia fractures. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18 Suppl 1:1952-3. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1069582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. R. F. Greenfield
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- GRESPI EA 4694/Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - S. Kuhn
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Mehler
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - F. Puel
- GRESPI EA 4694/Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - P. M. Rommens
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Schmidt CS, Schulte B, Seo H, Kuhn S, O'Donnell A, Kriston L, Verthein U, Reimer J. Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Alcohol Screening and Brief Interventions for Patients in Emergency Care Settings. Suchttherapie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kuhn S, Verthein U, Holzbach R, Dirmaier J, Mokhar A. Benzodiazepine und Z-Substanzen – Einnahmeverhalten und Motive bei älteren Menschen. Suchttherapie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kuhn S, Appelmann P, Pairon P, Gruszka D, Rommens PM. Retrograde tibial nail: anatomical implantation and surgical feasibility study. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2015; 82:203-208. [PMID: 26317291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The treatment of distal tibial fractures requires a stable fixation while minimizing the secondary trauma to the soft tissues by the surgical approach and implant. The experimental Retrograde Tibial Nail is currently investigated as a minimally invasive alternative to plating and antegrade nailing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical feasibility in a cadaver model for all distal tibial fracture types generally considered treatable by nailing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five different fracture types (AO/OTA 43-A1/A2/A3 and 43-C1/C2) were created on separate cadaveric limbs. In simple fractures (AO/OTA 43-A1/A2/A3) primary nailing was performed. In intraarticular fractures (AO/OTA 43-C1/2) reduction of the articular block and lag screw fixation was performed before nailing. Intraoperative complications, quality of reduction, fluoroscopy duration and operative time were evaluated. RESULTS Retrograde intramedullary nailing is feasible in simple fracture types by closed manual reduction and percutaneous reduction forceps. Retrograde nailing is possible in fractures with simple intraarticular involvement after primary lag screw fixation. The duration of surgery averaged 51.8 minutes (range 40-62 min). No major complications occurred during nailing. CONCLUSIONS The minimally invasive retrograde nail combines a minimally invasive local osteosynthesis with the ability to adequately fix extraarticular and simple intraarticular distal tibial fractures. The results suggests that retrograde tibia nailing is a promising new concept for the treatment of distal tibia fractures. Key words: minimally invasive surgery, tibia, metaphyseal fractures, intramedullary nailing, retrograde nailing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kuhn
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Pairon P, Ossendorf C, Kuhn S, Hofmann A, Rommens PM. Intramedullary nailing after external fixation of the femur and tibia: a review of advantages and limits. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2014; 41:25-38. [PMID: 26038163 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-014-0448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS External fixation is a safe option for stabilisation of extremity lesions in the polytraumatised patient as well as in fractures with severe soft tissue damage. Nevertheless, long-term-complications are to be expected when external fixation is chosen as a definitive treatment. The purpose of this review article is twofold: primarily, to define the rationale of a procedural change from an external fixator to an intramedullary nail; secondarily, to assess the possible advantages and pitfalls of a single- or two-staged procedure. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS External fixation of the femur is recommended in multiply injured patients who are critically ill to avoid an additional inflammatory response caused by the surgical trauma of primary nailing. The conversion towards nailing must be done as soon as the clinical condition of the patient has been stabilised. Stable polytraumatised patients do not benefit from initial stabilisation with an external fixator and should immediately be treated with a definitive osteosynthesis. In tibial fractures, external fixation followed by intramedullary nailing is recommendable in fractures with severe soft tissue injuries. Conversion should be done as soon as the soft tissues allow before pin-tract infections occur and performed in a one-staged procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pairon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany,
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Boggild AK, Geduld J, Libman M, Ward BJ, McCarthy A, Hajek J, Ghesquiere W, Vincelette J, Kuhn S, Freedman DO, Kain KC. Travel-acquired infections in Canada: CanTravNet 2011-2012. Can Commun Dis Rep 2014; 40:313-325. [PMID: 29769859 PMCID: PMC5864452 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v40i16a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Important gaps remain in our knowledge of the infectious diseases people acquire while travelling and the impact of pathogens imported by Canadian travellers. OBJECTIVE To provide a surveillance update of illness in a cohort of returned Canadian travellers and new immigrants. METHODS Data on returning Canadian travellers and new immigrants presenting to a CanTravNet site between September 2011 and September 2012 were extracted and analyzed by destination, presenting symptoms, common and emerging infectious diseases and disease severity. RESULTS During the study period, 2283 travellers and immigrants presented to a CanTravNet site, 88% (N=2004) of whom were assigned a travel-related diagnosis. Top three destinations for non-immigrant travellers were India (N=132), Mexico (N=103) and Cuba (N=89). Fifty-one cases of malaria were imported by ill returned travellers during the study period, 60% (N=30) of which were Plasmodium falciparum infections. Individuals travelling to visit friends and relatives accounted for 83% of enteric fever cases (15/18) and 41% of malaria cases (21/51). The requirement for inpatient management was over-represented among those with malaria compared to those without malaria (25% versus 2.8%; p<0.0001) and those travelling to visit friends and relatives versus those travelling for other reasons (12.1% versus 2.4%; p<0.0001). Nine new cases of HIV were diagnosed among the cohort, as well as one case of acute hepatitis B. Emerging infections among travellers included hepatitis E virus (N=6), chikungunya fever (N=4) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (N=16). Common chief complaints included gastrointestinal (N=804), dermatologic (N=440) and fever (N=287). Common specific causes of chief complaint of fever in the cohort were malaria (N=47/51 total cases), dengue fever (14/18 total cases), enteric fever (14/17 total cases) and influenza and influenza-like illness (15/21 total cases). Animal bites were the tenth most common diagnosis among tourist travellers. INTERPRETATION Our analysis of surveillance data on ill returned Canadian travellers provides a recent update to the spectrum of imported illness among travelling Canadians. Preventable travel-acquired illnesses and injuries in the cohort include malaria, enteric fever, HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, influenza and animal bites. Strategies to improve uptake of preventive interventions such as malaria chemoprophylaxis, immunizations and arthropod/animal avoidance may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- AK Boggild
- Tropical Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Public Health Ontario Laboratories, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - J Geduld
- Travel and Migration Health Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - M Libman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC
| | - BJ Ward
- Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC
| | - A McCarthy
- Tropical Medicine and International Health Clinic, Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - J Hajek
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - W Ghesquiere
- Infectious Diseases, Vancouver Island Health Authority and University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC
| | - J Vincelette
- Hôpital Saint-Luc du CHUM and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC
| | - S Kuhn
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Alberta Children’s Hospital and the University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| | - DO Freedman
- Gorgas Center for Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - KC Kain
- Tropical Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- SAR Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Toronto, ON
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Frey D, Kayser K, Beutel T, Heidrich C, Kuhn S, Letzel S, Escobar Pinzon LC. Nackenschmerzen von Altenpflegekräften in Rheinland-Pfalz – Ergebnisse einer Querschnittserhebung. Gesundheitswesen 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1386903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Beutel T, Frey D, Kayser K, Letzel S, Heidrich C, Kuhn S, Escobar Pinzon LC. Prävalenz psychisch belastender Arbeitsmerkmale und Zusammenhänge zu Beanspruchungsreaktionen bei Pflegekräften in der Altenpflege. Gesundheitswesen 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1386858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Koessler J, Kobsar A, Kuhn S, Koessler A, Yilmaz P, Weinig E, Putz E, Boeck M, Klinker E. The effect of immunoadsorption with theImmusorbaTR‐350 column on coagulation compared to plasma exchange. Vox Sang 2014; 108:46-51. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Koessler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - A. Kobsar
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - S. Kuhn
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - A. Koessler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - P. Yilmaz
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - E. Weinig
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - E. Putz
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - M. Boeck
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - E. Klinker
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy University of Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
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Wurst F, Kuhn S. Sucht und Alter. Suchttherapie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ruppert C, Kuhn S, Bernemann I, Klopp N, Gaede K, Koch I, Lindner M, Anton G, Schnabel PA, Schneider M, Illig T, Muley T, Günther A. DZL-Platform Biobanking. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1376837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jäger M, Jordan C, Theilmeier A, Wortmann N, Kuhn S, Nienhaus A, Luttmann A. Analyse der Lumbalbelastung beim manuellen Bewegen von Patienten zur Prävention biomechanischer Überlastungen von Beschäftigten im Gesundheitswesen. Zbl Arbeitsmed 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40664-013-0010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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