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Santos-Neto EB, Manhães BMR, Oliveira-Ferreira N, Cordeiro CVS, Corrêa CAC, Brião JA, Guari EB, Botta S, Colosio AC, Ramos HGC, Barbosa LA, Bertozzi C, Cunha IAG, Carreira RS, Meire RO, Bisi TL, Azevedo AF, Cunha HA, Lailson-Brito J. PAHs in franciscana dolphins from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Concentration and maternal transfer assessments. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 203:116455. [PMID: 38735171 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds ubiquitous in the environment and known for their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects. These compounds can bioaccumulate in the biota and be transferred through trophic webs. The franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), as top predators, can be an environmental sentinels. Thus, this study aimed to provide data about PAHs concentration in their hepatic tissue collected on the coast of Espírito Santo (Franciscana Management Area, FMA Ia), Rio de Janeiro (FMA IIa), and São Paulo states (FMA IIb), in Southeastern Brazil. PAHs were detected in 86 % of franciscana dolphins (n = 50). The highest ∑PAHsTotal median concentration was reported in FMA Ia followed by FMA IIb and FMA IIa (1055.6; 523.9, and 72.1 ng.g-1 lipid weight, respectively). Phenanthrene was detected in one fetus and two neonates, showing maternal transfer of PAHs in these dolphins. Evaluating PAHs with potential toxic effects is of utmost importance for the conservation of a threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Santos-Neto
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - B M R Manhães
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N Oliveira-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C V S Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A C Corrêa
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J A Brião
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E B Guari
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Botta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)
| | - A C Colosio
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - H G C Ramos
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - L A Barbosa
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - C Bertozzi
- Instituto de Biociências, câmpus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista (IB/CLP - UNESP), São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Biopesca, Praia Grande, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I A G Cunha
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - R S Carreira
- LabMAM/Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R O Meire
- Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, , Campus Duque de Caxias, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 105, Santa Cruz da Serra, CEP: 25240-005, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T L Bisi
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A F Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H A Cunha
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Instituti de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bocci T, Bertini A, Campiglio L, Botta S, Libelli G, Guidetti M, Priori A. Not myopathic, but autonomic changes in patients with long-COVID syndrome: a case series. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:1147-1153. [PMID: 36735149 PMCID: PMC9896447 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection still represent a serious concern both for neurologists and neuroscientists. In our paper, we investigated pain, myalgia, and fatigue as symptoms in long-COVID patients with an electrophysiological approach, comprising the evaluation of sympathetic skin responses (SSRs) and quantitative electromyography (qEMG). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve patients were enrolled (mean age, 47.7 ± 11.6 years), referred to our attention because of myalgia, pain, or muscle cramps, which persisted about 6 months after the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. They underwent conventional electroneurography (ENG), needle electromyography (EMG), and SSRs; moreover, qEMG was performed by sampling at least 20 motor unit potentials (20-30 MUPs) during weak voluntary contraction in deltoid and tibialis anterior muscles. The mean duration, amplitude, and percentage of polyphasic potentials were assessed and compared with healthy and age-matched volunteers. RESULTS ENG did not disclose significant changes compared to healthy subjects; needle EMG did not reveal denervation activity. In addition, qEMG showed MUPs similar to those recorded in healthy volunteers in terms of polyphasia (deltoid: p = 0.24; TA: p = 0.35), MUP area (deltoid: p = 0.45; TA: p = 0.44), mean duration (deltoid: p = 0.06; TA: p = 0.45), and amplitude (deltoid: p = 0.27; TA: p = 0.63). SSRs were not recordable from lower limbs in seven patients (58%) and from the upper ones in three of them (25%). CONCLUSION Our data suggest an involvement of the autonomic system, with a focus on cholinergic efferent sympathetic activity, without any evidence of myopathic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Bocci
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20100, Milano, Italy.
- Clinical Neurology Unit, "Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo E Carlo" and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Bertini
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Neurology Unit, "Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo E Carlo" and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Campiglio
- Clinical Neurology Unit, "Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo E Carlo" and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Botta
- Clinical Neurology Unit, "Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo E Carlo" and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Libelli
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Guidetti
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- ''Aldo Ravelli'' Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Neurology Unit, "Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo E Carlo" and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
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Vannuci-Silva M, Manhães BMR, Guari EB, Botta S, Colosio AC, Barbosa LA, Bertozzi CP, Azevedo AF, Cunha HA, Bisi TL, Lailson-Brito J. Spatial trends of trace elements bioaccumulation in the most endangered dolphin from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: The franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei). Environ Pollut 2022; 308:119655. [PMID: 35764182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements bioaccumulation patterns can be an important tool to assess differences among cetaceans' populations. In this work, their use as potential chemical markers to differentiate franciscanas (Pontoporia blainvillei) populations was evaluated. Franciscanas were collected from three states in southeastern Brazil, which comprise three different Franciscana Management Areas (FMAs): Espírito Santo (FMA Ia), southern Rio de Janeiro (FMA IIa), and central São Paulo (FMA IIb). The concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn and Zn were determined in the muscle, liver and kidney of the animals. Cadmium was the most valuable chemical marker to differentiate stocks, separating at least FMA IIa from the others. The higher Cd levels in FMA IIa, along with dietary information, indicate that the predominant consumption of cephalopods by this population is the main reason for the differences found. Additionally, environmental characteristics of the areas should also be considered as divergent sources of trace elements. Our findings suggest that non-essential trace elements, such as Cd, can be successful markers to differentiate populations. The Mn concentrations in FMA Ia raised concern and must be carefully monitored, as well as other elements that compose the iron ore tailings that have impacted the Espírito Santo coastal area. Additionally, this is the first study to report trace element concentration in the franciscanas from FMA IIa (southern Rio de Janeiro). Trace element concentrations found in franciscanas may represent different contamination levels in their preys and environments, which might pose specific threats to distinct populations. Therefore, our findings are important to characterize and differentiate franciscana populations and to guide precise management and conservation actions for the distinct stocks of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vannuci-Silva
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil.
| | - B M R Manhães
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil
| | - E B Guari
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil
| | - S Botta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Brazil
| | - A C Colosio
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ), Caravelas, Brazil
| | - L A Barbosa
- Organização Consciência Ambiental (Instituto ORCA), Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - C P Bertozzi
- Laboratório de Biologia e Conservação de Organismos Pelágicos (LABCOP), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus Do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - A F Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil
| | - H A Cunha
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T L Bisi
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil
| | - J Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 20550-013, Brazil.
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Manhães BMR, Vannuci-Silva M, Brião JA, Guari EB, Botta S, Colosio AC, Ramos HGC, Barbosa LA, Cunha IAG, Azevedo AF, Cunha HA, Bisi TL, Lailson-Brito J. Temporal trends of trace elements bioaccumulation by a vulnerable cetacean (Pontoporia blainvillei) before and after one of the largest mining disasters worldwide. Sci Total Environ 2022; 804:150196. [PMID: 34798738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the largest environmental disasters worldwide occurred on November 5th, 2015, when the Fundão dam collapsed in Mariana (Minas Gerais State, Southeast Brazil). The tailing mud flooded the Doce River basin and reached the sea in the coast of Espírito Santo State (ES), Southeast Brazil. This coastal region is the habitat of the most isolated population of franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei), with the lowest populational census and lowest genetic diversity in Franciscana Management Area Ia (FMA Ia) - 18° 25'S and 21° 17'S. This study aimed to assess the bioaccumulation of trace-elements (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, and Zn) in muscle, liver and kidney of franciscana dolphins collected near the Doce River's mouth before (n = 32) and after (n = 19) the tailing mud reached the sea. The Generalized Additive Model (GAM) showed increasing temporal trends of Hg and Zn in muscle and liver after the dam failure, probably related to higher concentrations and bioavailability in the water column and sediments from the Doce River. Declining trends were found for As and Cu muscular and hepatic concentrations and Fe concentrations in kidney due to their lower bioavailability after the disaster, caused by association with tailings mud trapped in the riverbanks and suspended particulate material. Additionally, higher As and Hg concentrations found in the first period of sampling may be due to historical contamination by mining activities. The full extent of the impacts caused by the Fundão dam failure is still unknown. However, due to their rapid increase and remobilization process, toxic effects can be induced in the biota by these elements. Elements' bioaccumulation in this study contributes to the knowledge of franciscana dolphins from FMA Ia. Considering the conservation concern regarding this franciscana population and its scarce knowledge, the impact of this disaster can be alarming for species conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M R Manhães
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - M Vannuci-Silva
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J A Brião
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E B Guari
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Botta
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Brazil
| | - A C Colosio
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - H G C Ramos
- Instituto Baleia Jubarte, Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - L A Barbosa
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - I A G Cunha
- Instituto ORCA, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - A F Azevedo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H A Cunha
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T L Bisi
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Lailson-Brito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores "Profª Izabel Gurgel", Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bocci T, Campiglio L, Zardoni M, Botta S, Coppola S, Groppo E, Chiumello D, Priori A. Critical illness neuropathy in severe COVID-19: a case series. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:4893-4898. [PMID: 34477990 PMCID: PMC8414960 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 disease have received growing attention, but only few studies have described to date clinical and neurophysiological findings in COVID patients during their stay in intensive care units (ICUs). Here, we neurophysiologically assessed the presence of either critical illness neuropathy (CIP) or myopathy (CIM) in ICU patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients underwent a neurophysiological assessment, including bilateral examination of the median, ulnar, deep peroneal and tibial motor nerves and of the median, ulnar, radial and sural sensory nerves. Needle electromyography (EMG) was performed for both distal and proximal muscles of the lower and upper limbs. In order to differentiate CIP from CIM, Direct Muscle Stimulation (DMS) was applied either to the deltoid or tibialis anterior muscles. Peak to peak amplitudes and onset latencies of the responses evoked by DMS (DMSamp, DMSlat) or by motor nerve stimulation (MNSamp, MNSlat) were compared. The ratio MNSamp to DMSamp (NMR) and the MNSlat to DMSlat difference (NMD: MNSlat - DMSlat) were also evaluated. RESULTS Nerve conduction studies showed a sensory-motor polyneuropathy with axonal neurogenic pattern, as confirmed by needle EMG. Both MNSamp and NMR were significantly reduced when compared to controls (p < 0.0001), whereas MNSlat and NMD were markedly increased (p = 0.0049). CONCLUSIONS We have described COVID patients in the ICU with critical illness neuropathy (CIP). COVID-related CIP could have implications for the functional recovery and rehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Bocci
- Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Campiglio
- Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Zardoni
- Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Botta
- Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Coppola
- Intensive Care, Anesthesia and Resuscitation Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Chiumello
- Intensive Care, Anesthesia and Resuscitation Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy. .,Struttura Complessa Di Neurologia I, Ospedale Universitario San Paolo, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
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Raynaud C, Greillier L, Mazieres J, Monnet I, Mastroianni B, Robinet G, Fraboulet G, Dixmier A, Berard H, Lamy R, Letreut J, Lena H, Oliviero G, Botta S, Vergnenegre A, Borget I, Chouaid C. Management of malignant pleural mesothelioma: a French multicenter retrospective study (GFPC 0802 study). BMC Cancer 2015; 15:857. [PMID: 26546402 PMCID: PMC4635998 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1881-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare disease with poor prognosis in spite of significant improvement in survival, due to new chemotherapy regimens. We describe here patients' profiles and management in daily practice in France. METHODS Observational retrospective study. Data were collected from medical files. All patients with histologically proven MPM diagnosed from January 2005 to December 2008 were included in the participating sites. RESULTS Four hundred and six patients were included in 37 sites: mean age 68.9 ± 9.8 years, male predominance (sex ratio 3.27), latency of the disease 45.7 years, epithelioïd type 83 %. Diagnosis was made using thoracoscopy in 80.8 % of patients. Radical surgery was performed in 6.2 % of cases. Chemotherapy was administered to 74.6 % of patients. First line regimens consisted mainly of platinum + pemetrexed (91 %) or pemetrexed alone (7 %). Objective response rate was 17.2 % and another 41.6 % of patients experienced disease stabilization. Half of these patients underwent second line chemotherapy (platinium + pemetrexed 31.6 %, pemetrexed alone 24.6 %), resulting in a 6 % response rate. Third-line chemotherapy (56 patients) yielded disease control in 5.4 % of cases. CONCLUSIONS The management of MPM in France is usually in accordance with guidelines. Response rates are somewhat lower than those described in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Raynaud
- Service de Pneumologie, CH Argenteuil, Argenteuil, France.
| | - L Greillier
- Service d'oncologie thoracique, APHM, Marseille, Services de Pneumologie, Marseille, France.
| | | | - I Monnet
- Service de pneumologie, CHI Créteil, 40 avenue de verdun, 94010, Créteil, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Lamy
- CH Lorient, Lorient, France.
| | - J Letreut
- CH Aix en Provence, Aix en Provence, France.
| | - H Lena
- CHU Rennes, Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - C Chouaid
- Service de pneumologie, CHI Créteil, 40 avenue de verdun, 94010, Créteil, France.
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Perlich J, Rubeck J, Botta S, Gehrke R, Roth SV, Ruderer MA, Prams SM, Rawolle M, Zhong Q, Körstgens V, Müller-Buschbaum P. Grazing incidence wide angle x-ray scattering at the wiggler beamline BW4 of HASYLAB. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:105105. [PMID: 21034117 DOI: 10.1063/1.3488459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present an upgrade of the available measurement techniques at the wiggler beamline BW4 of the Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor (HASYLAB) to grazing incidence wide angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS). GIWAXS refers to an x-ray diffraction method, which, based on the measurement geometry, is perfectly suited for the investigation of the material crystallinity of surfaces and thin films. It is shown that the overall experimental GIWAXS setup employing a movable CCD-detector provides the capability of reliable and reproducible diffraction measurements in grazing incidence geometry. Furthermore, the potential usage of an additional detector enables the simultaneous or successive measurement of GIWAXS and grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS). The new capability is illustrated by the microbeam GIWAXS measurement of a thin film of the conjugated polymer poly(3-octylthiophene) (P3OT). The investigation reveals the semicrystalline nature of the P3OT film by a clear identification of the wide angle scattering reflexes up to the third order in the [100]-direction as well as the first order in the [010]-direction. The corresponding microbeam GISAXS measurement on the present morphology complements the characterization yielding the complete sample information from subnanometer up to micrometer length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Perlich
- HASYLAB, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
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8
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Angelico M, Morosetti M, Passalacqua S, Chiappini MG, Botta S, Ombres D, Splendiani G, Casciani CU. Low levels of hepatitis C virus RNA in blood of infected patients under maintenance haemodialysis with high-biocompatibility, high-permeability filters. Dig Liver Dis 2000; 32:724-8. [PMID: 11142584 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(00)80337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis are often infected with hepatitis C virus, yet the clinical course of liver disease is usually mild. We investigated whether the hepatitis C virus viral load is influenced by the haemodialytic procedure and the type of dialyser. METHODS Hepatitis C virus-RNA levels were measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in predialysis blood from 51 hepatitis C virus-infected patients dialysed with different membranes. Paired pre- and post-dialysis measurements were also obtained in 18 patients. RESULTS Patients dialysed using cuprammonium-regenerated cellulose membranes with low (cuprofan) or intermediate (cellulose acetate or diacetate) biocompatibility had higher pre-dialysis hepatitis C virus-RNA levels (p<0.05] compared to those dialysed with synthetic high-biocompatibility, high-permeability polymeric membranes (polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, polymethylmethacrylate or polycarbonate). Hepatitis C virus-RNA levels were unrelated to the duration of haemodialysis and the presence of abnormal transaminases. A significant reduction (p=0. 04) of serum hepatitis C virus-RNA levels was observed after a single haemodialysis, particularly in patients with high pre-dialysis viral load. Patients with low pre-dialysis hepatitis C virus-RNA levels (<2. 5 x 10(3) copies/ml) exhibited only minimal changes following the procedure. Four patients with medium-high basal viral load switched from a low-biocompatibility/low-permeability to a high-biocompatibility/high permeability filter had a marked reduction of viraemia after three weeks, in one case followed by a new increase after return to the original filter. CONCLUSIONS Haemodialysis with high-biocompatibility/high-permeability filters in hepatitis C virus-infected patients is associated with low blood levels of hepatitis C virus-RNA. This finding may be of clinical relevance, especially in patients listed for kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angelico
- Department of Public Health and Chairs of Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
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9
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Children with chronic hepatitis C were recently found to have higher rates of sustained response to interferon compared to adults. The aim of this study was to verify the response to interferon using frequent viremia measurements. METHODS Sera from 25 children (13 males; mean age 7.9 years) with chronic hepatitis C, treated with recombinant alpha-2b interferon for 12 months, were tested for liver function tests and viremia levels for a median of 27.5 months. Autoantibodies were evaluated during and after interferon. RESULTS Fifteen patients completed 12 months of interferon; treatment was stopped in 10 other patients. In 11 (44%) patients viremia was undetectable already at the second administration of interferon; one of them remained viremia-free up to the end of follow-up and had persistently normal alanine-aminotransferase levels (complete sustained responder). A complete sustained response was observed only in one other patient, who normalized alanine aminotransferase and cleared viremia from the 3rd month of therapy. Three patients with persistent viremia normalized alanine-aminotransferase from the 3rd week of therapy up to the end of follow-up (biochemical sustained responders). Viremia was undetectable during treatment in four patients, who stopped interferon because of worsening in hypertransaminasemia. Three of these four patients were anti-liver-kidney microsomal type 1-positive. CONCLUSIONS In this study the response rate to interferon was very low and viremia and transaminase findings were often discordant.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pensati
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
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10
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Iorio R, Pensati P, Botta S, Vajro P, Sepe A, Donetto S, Vecchione R, Artini M, Levrero M, Vegnente A. Chronic cryptogenic hepatitis in childhood is unrelated to hepatitis G virus. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18:347-51. [PMID: 10223688 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199904000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to define the features of chronic cryptogenic hepatitis (CCH) in childhood and to investigate whether it is related to hepatitis G virus infection. METHODS Forty-six children (24 males; age range, 1.5 to 17 years) with CCH were studied. CCH was diagnosed when serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations were more than 1.5 times normal for longer than 6 months without any apparent cause of liver disease. RESULTS No patient had acute symptomatic onset or had received a blood transfusion. Three had undergone minor surgical procedures. All appeared to be healthy during follow-up (median, 4.2 years; range, 1 to 10 years). Hypertransaminasemia was the only aberrant liver function test. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase values alternated with normal values in 40 children (86.9%). Five children (10.8%) had a spontaneous sustained (>12 months) remission of hypertransaminasemia. Twelve (26%) had laboratory signs of autoimmunity, but none fulfilled the criteria for autoimmune hepatitis. Of 20 children who underwent liver biopsy, 13 (65%) had minimal chronic hepatitis, 4 (20%) had mild chronic hepatitis and 3 (15%) had moderate chronic hepatitis. Serum hepatitis G virus RNA was detected in 2 girls (4%) whose risk factor was a hepatitis G virus-infected mother and a minor surgical procedure, respectively. In 12 families at least 1 other member had chronic liver disease. CONCLUSIONS Childhood CCH seems to be a symptomless disease characterized by isolated hypertransaminasemia with onset during the first 4 years of life and mild to moderate histologic liver lesions. Although the frequency of spontaneous remissions is low, childhood CCH seems, in the short run, to be a nonprogressive disease. Hepatitis G virus does not play a major role in CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Iorio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
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11
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Raju R, Hajjou M, Hill KR, Botta V, Botta S. In vivo addition of poly(A) tail and AU-rich sequences to the 3' terminus of the Sindbis virus RNA genome: a novel 3'-end repair pathway. J Virol 1999; 73:2410-9. [PMID: 9971825 PMCID: PMC104487 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.3.2410-2419.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/1998] [Accepted: 12/07/1998] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alphaviruses are mosquito-transmitted RNA viruses that cause important diseases in both humans and livestock. Sindbis virus (SIN), the type species of the alphavirus genus, carries a 11.7-kb positive-sense RNA genome which is capped at its 5' end and polyadenylated at its 3' end. The 3' nontranslated region (3'NTR) of the SIN genome carries many AU-rich motifs, including a 19-nucleotide (nt) conserved element (3'CSE) and a poly(A) tail. This 3'CSE and the adjoining poly(A) tail are believed to regulate the synthesis of negative-sense RNA and genome replication in vivo. We have recently demonstrated that the SIN genome lacking the poly(A) tail was infectious and that de novo polyadenylation could occur in vivo (K. R. Hill, M. Hajjou, J. Hu, and R. Raju, J. Virol. 71:2693-2704, 1997). Here, we demonstrate that the 3'-terminal 29-nt region of the SIN genome carries a signal for possible cytoplasmic polyadenylation. To further investigate the polyadenylation signals within the 3'NTR, we generated a battery of mutant genomes with mutations in the 3'NTR and tested their ability to generate infectious virus and undergo 3' polyadenylation in vivo. Engineered SIN genomes with terminal deletions within the 19-nt 3'CSE were infectious and regained their poly(A) tail. Also, a SIN genome carrying the poly(A) tail but lacking a part or the entire 19-nt 3'CSE was also infectious. Sequence analysis of viruses generated from these engineered SIN genomes demonstrated the addition of a variety of AU-rich sequence motifs just adjacent to the poly(A) tail. The addition of AU-rich motifs to the mutant SIN genomes appears to require the presence of a significant portion of the 3'NTR. These results indicate the ability of alphavirus RNAs to undergo 3' repair and the existence of a pathway for the addition of AU-rich sequences and a poly(A) tail to their 3' end in the infected host cell. Most importantly, these results indicate the ability of alphavirus replication machinery to use a multitude of AU-rich RNA sequences abutted by a poly(A) motif as promoters for negative-sense RNA synthesis and genome replication in vivo. The possible roles of cytoplasmic polyadenylation machinery, terminal transferase-like enzymes, and the viral polymerase in the terminal repair processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Raju
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA.
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12
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Iorio R, Pensati P, Botta S, Moschella S, Impagliazzo N, Vajro P, Vegnente A. Side effects of alpha-interferon therapy and impact on health-related quality of life in children with chronic viral hepatitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:984-90. [PMID: 9380477 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199710000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon (IFN) is standard therapy for chronic viral hepatitis in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the side effects of alpha-interferon (IFN) in 94 consecutive children (58 males; age range, 3 to 14 years) affected by chronic viral hepatitis treated with different schedules ranging from 3 to 10 MU and from 3 to 12 months, and the impact of this therapy on health-related quality of life. METHODS Side effects were evaluated with clinical and laboratory examinations and were recorded on a diary card. The health-related quality of life was evaluated with a modified version of the Sickness Impact Profile. RESULTS All patients experienced at least one adverse reaction to IFN treatment; 80% had more than five side effects. There were no life-threatening reactions. Three children experienced severe reactions (febrile seizure, severe hypertransaminasemia and relapsing episodes of epistaxis, respectively) that required permanent IFN withdrawal. Another child had a febrile seizure requiring temporary IFN withdrawal. In seven children the neutrophil count fell below 1000/mm3 and promptly increased when IFN was temporarily discontinued. The remaining children had mild or moderate clinical and/or laboratory adverse reactions. Age, sex, viral etiology of chronic hepatitis and response to therapy were not significantly associated with the appearance of side effects. The pre-IFN health-related quality of life was good in all children; it deteriorated significantly during IFN therapy and returned to basal standards within 3 months after IFN withdrawal. No patient required suspension of IFN therapy because of worsening of health-related quality of life. CONCLUSION Children have a low risk of developing severe IFN-induced side effects. Adverse reactions and worsening of health-related quality of life were tolerable and did not seem to be a limiting factor for IFN therapy in young candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Iorio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
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