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Studies on bioaccumulation patterns, biochemical and genotoxic effects of copper on freshwater fish, Catla catla: an in vivo analysis. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e256905. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract During present study, the copper (Cu) mediated oxidative stress was measured that induced DNA damage by concentrating in the tissues of fish, Catla catla (14.45±1.24g; 84.68±1.45mm) (Hamilton,1822). Fish fingerlings were retained in 5 groups for 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days of the exposure period. They were treated with 2/3, 1/3, 1/4 and 1/5 (T1-T4) of 96h lethal concentration of copper. Controls were run along with all the treatments for the same durations. A significant (p < 0.05) dose and time dependent concentration of Cu was observed in the gills, liver, kidney, muscles, and brain of C. catla. Among organs, the liver showed a significantly higher concentration of Cu followed by gills, kidney, brain, and muscles. Copper accumulation in these organs caused a significant variation in the activities of enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). The SOD activity varied significantly in response to the exposure time of Cu as 56 > 70 > 42 > 84 > 28 > 14 days while CAT activity exhibited an inverse relationship with the increase in Cu concentration. POD activity showed a significant rise with an increase in Cu exposure duration. Comet assay exhibited significant DNA damage in the peripheral erythrocytes of Cu exposed C. catla. Among four exposure concentrations, 2/3rd of LC50 (T1) caused significantly higher damage to the nuclei compared to control. Increased POD and SOD activity, as well as a decrease in CAT activity in response to Cu, demonstrates the involvement of a protective mechanism against reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas increased ROS resulted in higher DNA damage. These above-mentioned molecular markers can be efficiently used for the biomonitoring of aquatic environments and conservation of edible fish fauna.
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Patient diversity and author representation in clinical studies supporting the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021: a systematic review of citations. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:751. [PMID: 37915042 PMCID: PMC10621092 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generalizability of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines to various patient populations and hospital settings has been debated. A quantitative assessment of the diversity and representation in the clinical evidence supporting the guidelines would help evaluate the generalizability of the recommendations and identify strategic research goals and priorities. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of patients in the original studies, in terms of sex, race/ethnicity, and geographical location. We also assessed diversity in sex and geographical representation among study first and last authors. METHODS All clinical studies cited in support of the 2021 SSC adult guideline recommendations were identified. Original clinical studies were included, while editorials, reviews, non-clinical studies, and meta-analyses were excluded. For eligible studies, we recorded the proportion of male patients, percentage of each represented racial/ethnic subgroup (when available), and countries in which they were conducted. We also recorded the sex and location of the first and last authors. The World Bank classification was used to categorize countries. RESULTS The SSC guidelines included six sections, with 85 recommendations based on 351 clinical studies. The proportion of male patients ranged from 47 to 62%. Most studies did not report the racial/ ethnic distribution of the included patients; when they did so, most were White patients (68-77%). Most studies were conducted in high-income countries (77-99%), which included Europe/Central Asia (33-66%) and North America (36-55%). Moreover, most first/last authors were males (55-93%) and from high-income countries (77-99%). CONCLUSIONS To enhance the generalizability of the SCC guidelines, stakeholders should define strategies to enhance the diversity and representation in clinical studies. Though there was reasonable representation in sex among patients included in clinical studies, the evidence did not reflect diversity in the race/ethnicity and geographical locations. There was also lack of diversity among the first and last authors contributing to the evidence.
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Association between oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, and homocysteine in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:10631-10641. [PMID: 37975388 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202311_34343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent health condition that commonly affects adolescent girls and young women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between levels of total glutathione (TG), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation, and homocysteine with PCOS. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional case-control design, involving a target population of 305 Sudanese females. Among them, 205 individuals were categorized as cases, and 100 served as controls. The TG, GSH, SOD, lipid peroxidation, and homocysteine levels were measured in the serum of study participants through enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay. RESULTS Total glutathione (1,174.5 ± 271.4 vs. 986.1 ± 191.5, p = 0.01), GSH (801.3 ± 132.2 vs. 748.6 ± 103.1, p = 0.007), SOD (225.2 ± 57.8 vs. 195.5 ± 49.6, p = 0.009), lipid peroxidation (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.7, p = 0.03), and homocysteine (14.9 ± 2.1 vs. 13.5 ± 1.6, p = 0.04), showed significant differences between the two groups (cases vs. controls). A moderate positive correlation between TG, GSH, SOD, lipid peroxidation, homocysteine, BMI, age, and duration of PCOS was observed. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation between BMI, age, and duration of PCOS was noted within the patient group. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study demonstrates that patients with PCOS have elevated levels of TG, GSH, SOD, lipid peroxidation, and homocysteine compared to the control group. These findings suggest a potential association between PCOS and oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and homocysteine pathways. Moreover, the observed positive correlation with BMI, age, and duration of PCOS indicates the importance of these factors in disease progression.
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The prognostic role of liver volumetry in Fontan patients. Cardiol Young 2023; 33:1834-1839. [PMID: 36258282 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951122002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESES High venous pressures and associated hepatic congestion are important drivers for Fontan-associated liver disease. The prognostic significance of hepatomegaly as a marker of congestion however is not well defined and is further explored in this research study. METHODS Fontan patients who have had liver ultrasound scans were identified from the Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre Fontan Database and had their anatomic, surgical, clinical histories abstracted from the electronic medical records following institutional ethics approval. Liver volumes were determined retrospectively from reviewing individual US images, and these, divided into tertiles, were analysed in the context of the predefined endpoints of (i) Primary - death or heart or liver transplantation, or (ii) Secondary - combined endpoint of death, transplantation, arrhythmia, or protein-losing enteropathy. RESULTS Mean indexed liver volumes for the entire cohort (n = 199) were 1065.1 ± 312.1 ml/m2, range 387 to 2071 ml/m2. Patients with the largest liver volumes (highest tertile) were less likely to have a functioning fenestration compared to those in the lowest tertile 44% versus 56% p = 0.016 and experienced the highest burden of mortality and heart or heart-liver transplantation, p = 0.016, and were more likely to reach the composite endpoint of death, protein-losing enteropathy, arrhythmia, or transplantation, p = 0.010. Liver volumes had an overall predictive accuracy for the combined outcome of 61% (CI 53%, 67%, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Liver volumetry may serve as a potentially important congestion biomarker for adverse outcomes after the Fontan operation.
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Evaluation of The Drying Process of Paddy Rice with a Biogas Continuous Rotary Dryer. MISR JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 2022; 0:0-0. [DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2022.176707.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Effects of Non-Thermal Processing Methods on Physicochemical, Bioactive, and Microbiological Properties of Fresh Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) Juice. JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY AND HAZARDS CONTROL 2022. [DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.9.3.11150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pineapple juice processing is an art of preservation, and the processing technologies play important role in pineapple juice quality. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential impacts of non-thermal processing methods on the physicochemical, bioactive, and microbiological properties of fresh pineapple juice.
Methods: Extracted juices were subjected to several non-thermal processes including microwave processing, vacuum evaporation, mild pasteurization, pulsed electric field, and ultra-sonication. Physicochemical properties including Total Soluble Solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity, and color; Total Phenolic Content (TPC); Total Anthocyanin Content (TAC); antioxidant capacity; and microbiological properties were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed by Minitab statistical software (version: 18.1).
Results: TSS, pH, acidity (%) of processed juices ranged from 11.03-12.03, 4.07-4.27, and 0.42-0.49, respectively. In terms of color properties both ultra-sonication and microwave processing showed the highest values of L (luminosity), a* (redness), and b* (yellow). The highest TPC was reported in ultra-sonication treatment 11.996±0.002 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/100 ml. The TAC varied from 0.179-0.235 mg Total Anthocyanin (TA)/100 ml, where ultra-sonication and mild pasteurization treatment yielded the highest and lowest contents, respectively.
Conclusion: Perfect phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, retention of anthocyanin content, and attractive color in pineapple juices when treated with non-thermal techniques.
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Prosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis: Surgery or Thrombolysis. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:882-886. [PMID: 35780379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical prosthetic valve thrombosis is a serious complication which necessitates immediate intervention. The presenting signs and symptoms of this illness are somewhat variable, but physical examination and trans-esophageal-echocardiography enable rapid diagnosis. Valve replacement or thrombolysis in the correct hospital setting must be performed to avoid life-threatening complication without delay. But it is not proven entirely which therapy is superior. For any given patient, the risks of thrombolytic therapy, including bleeding, systemic embolism and failure to restore valvular function, must be weighed against the risks of surgical intervention. In spite of aggressive therapy, morbidity and mortality from prosthetic valve thrombosis and its treatment are not less indeed. This report describes the case of a woman with aortic prosthetic valves who presents with heart failure and evidence of severe prosthetic aortic valve dysfunction after a period of suboptimal anticoagulation.
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Evaluation of Methylation Panel in the Promoter Region of p16INK4a , RASSF1A, and MGMT as a Biomarker in Sputum for Lung Cancer. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:1075-1081. [PMID: 36618318 PMCID: PMC9759213 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.357985.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in the world. Effective early detection and appropriate medications can help treat this deadly cancer. Therefore, early detection of lung cancer is of utmost importance, especially in screening high-risk populations (such as smokers) with an urgent need to identify new biomarkers. The present study aimed to demonstrate the potential of using the panel of DNA methylation as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of lung cancer from sputum samples. The methylated promoter of p16INK4a , RASSF1A, and MGMT genes was estimated by the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in a sample of 84 lung cancer patients (65 smokers and 19 non-smokers). Based on the results, p16INK4a promoter methylation was significantly associated with smoking habit and lung cancer progression in terms of histological grading and patient staging. The sensitivity and specificity of the p16INK4a gene as a biomarker for lung cancer were 71% and 90%, respectively. The methylated promoter of RASSF1A was less sensitive (48%) as a biomarker for lung cancer with 83%. The results demonstrated a strong association between promoter methylation of RASSF1A and late stages of lung cancer (P=0.0007). The sensitivity of the MGMT gene as a biomarker for lung cancer was 61% with high specificity (92%), compared to other candidate genes in this study. The epigenetic alteration in the promoter region of p16INK4a , RASSF1A, and MGMT genes is highly associated with cancer cell development. It is suggested that the use of these candidate biomarkers can be used as an adjunct to computed tomography screening to diagnose patients at high risk for lung cancer after validation.
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK medical education. A nationwide student survey. MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 44:574-575. [PMID: 34428109 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1962835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Effect of Hydroponic Wheat Sprout on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Lipid Profiles of Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Trends and instigators among young adolescent suicide in the United States. Public Health 2021; 199:51-56. [PMID: 34547557 PMCID: PMC8763572 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present investigation examined the role of factors involved in suicide ideation and suicide attempt using a nationally representative sample of US high school students. METHODS Data were collected from students in Grades 9-12 as part of the Youth Behavioral Survey (n = 11,328). Logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempt. Variables included demographic characteristics (grade, sex, and race), psychosocial factors (physical fighting, sexual violence, sports participation, bullying, and electronic bullying), and substance use (cigarette usage, marijuana usage, and alcohol usage). RESULTS The factor most associated with suicide ideation was bullying (either electronic or physical), whereas the factor most associated with suicide attempt was sexual violence followed closely by physical bullying. CONCLUSIONS The multitude of instigators and commonality among gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status give an indication of how to prevent suicide and who to target information regarding the hazards of suicide.
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1042P Anti-PD1 (PD1) monotherapy or in combination with ipilimumab (IPI) after BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) in BRAF mutant metastatic melanoma (MM) patients (pts). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia. JACC: ASIA 2021; 1:187-199. [PMID: 36338167 PMCID: PMC9627847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
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Analysis of clinical and molecular profiles of patients with innate resistance to ANTI-PD-1 +/- ANTI-CTLA-4 immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. Pathology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Predicting recurrence in patients with sentinel node-negative melanoma: validation of the EORTC nomogram using population-based data. Br J Surg 2021; 108:550-553. [PMID: 34043770 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying patients with sentinel node (SN)-negative melanoma who are at greatest risk of recurrence is important. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Melanoma Group proposed a prognostic model that has not been validated in population-based data. The EORTC nomogram includes Breslow thickness, ulceration status and anatomical location as parameters. The aim of this study was to validate the EORTC model externally using a large national data set. METHODS Adults with histologically proven, invasive cutaneous melanoma with a negative SN biopsy in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2014 were identified from the Dutch Pathology Registry, and relevant data were extracted. The EORTC nomogram was used to predict recurrence-free survival. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination (C-statistic) and calibration. RESULTS A total of 8795 patients met the eligibility criteria, of whom 14·7 per cent subsequently developed metastatic disease. Of these recurrences, 20·9 per cent occurred after the first 5 years of follow-up. Validation of the EORTC nomogram showed a C-statistic of 0·70 (95 per cent c.i. 0·68 to 0·71) for recurrence-free survival, with excellent calibration (R2 = 0·99; P = 0·999, Hosmer-Lemeshow test). CONCLUSION This population-based validation confirmed the value of the EORTC nomogram in predicting recurrence-free survival in patients with SN-negative melanoma. The EORTC nomogram could be used in clinical practice for personalizing follow-up and selecting high-risk patients for trials of adjuvant systemic therapy.
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Predicting sentinel node positivity in patients with melanoma: external validation of a risk-prediction calculator (the Melanoma Institute Australia nomogram) using a large European population-based patient cohort. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:412-418. [PMID: 33657653 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A nomogram to predict sentinel node (SN) positivity [the Melanoma Institute Australia (MIA) nomogram] was recently developed and externally validated using two large single-institution databases. However, there remains a need to further validate the nomogram's performance using population-based data. OBJECTIVES To perform further validation of the nomogram using a European national patient cohort. METHODS Patients with cutaneous melanoma who underwent SN biopsy in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2014 were included. Their data were obtained from the Dutch Pathology Registry. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination (C-statistic) and calibration. Negative predictive values (NPVs) were calculated at various predicted probability cutoffs. RESULTS Of the 3049 patients who met the eligibility criteria, 23% (691) were SN positive. Validation of the MIA nomogram (including the parameters Breslow thickness, ulceration, age, melanoma subtype and lymphovascular invasion) showed a good C-statistic of 0·69 (95% confidence interval 0·66-0·71) with excellent calibration (R2 = 0·985, P = 0·40). The NPV of 90·1%, found at a 10% predicted probability cutoff for having a positive SN biopsy, implied that by using the nomogram, a 16·3% reduction in the rate of performing an SN biopsy could be achieved with an error rate of 1·6%. Validation of the MIA nomogram considering mitotic rate as present or absent showed a C-statistic of 0·70 (95% confidence interval 0·68-0·74). CONCLUSIONS This population-based validation study in European patients with melanoma confirmed the value of the MIA nomogram in predicting SN positivity. Its use will spare low-risk patients the inconvenience, cost and potential risks of SN biopsy while ensuring that high-risk patients are still identified.
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Impact of blanching pretreatment on physicochemical properties, and drying characteristics of cabbage (Brassica oleracea). FOOD RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is popular winter vegetables cultivated all over Bangladesh
and contains essential nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pre-blanching
on the preservation of cabbage by drying. In this research work, cabbage was blanched at
80°C, 90°C, and 100°C temperature for 12, 8, and 2 mins, respectively. Then the samples
were dried at 60°C maintaining 60% relative humidity. The moisture and ash content of
untreated and treated dried samples was in the range of 16.07±0.04 to 10.80±0.01% and
5.71±0.06 to 3.81±0.02%, respectively. The total phenolic content in cabbage was
74.47±0.63 mg GAE/100g at 100°C blanching temperature for a short time of 2 mins,
which was higher compared to 61.91±0.48 mg GAE/100g at 80°C for 12 mins. It was
observed that the antioxidant activity and two water-soluble vitamins-ascorbic acid and
beta carotene decreased in pre-blanched dried samples in contrast with fresh ones.
Blanching at higher water temperature and a short period was found useful for the
retention of total phenolic content and greenness of cabbage. Blanching pre-treatments
were also found to have better color retention capacity than untreated dried cabbage. A
proper combination of drying time and temperature, along with the incorporation of
blanching pretreatment, might be useful to preserve cabbage for a long time.
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Enhancing a nutrition and self-management: An intervention program via teletherapy for teenager with ADHD. A pilot case study. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9480114 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several ADHD teenagers had difficult behavioral problems during countries closing down due to Covid-19 pandemic. One of these negative outcomes that parents cannot control children’s behavior toward desired unhealthy food and the impulsive consequences. It was a great opportunity to convention a teletherapy program as a tool of intervention seeking for help to reduce uncontrolled self- management and nutrition, which may affect all sorts of childhood growth, development, health and behavior. Furthermore, it can affects daily life and academic success. Objectives We tried through our study to enhance the teletherapy as a therapeutic tool, during the first and second phase of Covid-19 pandemic, trying to help parents and patient to overcome the impulsive behavior by using a specific therapy technique based on nutrition and behavioral therapy Methods Our case study is a young girl aged 12:4 Yrs. In middle bilingual Arabic/ American School. The therapeutic program designed via teletherapy program using multi-media and thru multi phases sessions, to increase focus attention, emotional control and reduce impulsivity. Results The outcomes of the enhancing nutrition and behavior teletherapy program, showed significant improvement for the specific goal. Sensible change in the girl’s impulsive behavior, more focusing, emotional control and more accepting about health nutrition habits. Conclusions The important finding that intensive, focused nutation and self-management techniques provided via teletherapy as solitary program brought benefits to individual’s, family and reduced impulsivity outcomes. In addition, family education to become an expert at learning simple techniques in daily life can brining a sense of pleasure for long life wellbeing. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Evaluation of the in vitro Antimicrobial Activity As well As Preservative Capacity of Several Popular Cosmetic Products Available in the Neighbouring Shops in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:478-484. [PMID: 33830132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cosmetic products are often inadequately preserved that provide favourable environment for microbial growth. These emphasize the need for regular investigation of cosmetics in terms of microbial quality and preservative capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the microbial quality, in vitro antibacterial activity and preservative capacity of several popular cosmetics collected from the neighbouring health-care stationary shops in Dhaka city from October 2019 to December 2019. Here, a total of five categories of seven different cosmetic products were subjected to evaluate microbial load, in vitro antibacterial activity and preservative capacity. Among the seven cosmetic products, the viable bacterial count in two cosmetics (All Clear and Sunsilk Shampoo) were found within the acceptable range that was <10³ CFU/ml. None of the cosmetics were found contaminated with fungus and pathogenic organisms. Conversely, three (one Mouthwash and two shampoo) products showed in vitro antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. Only single cosmetic product (Cute coconut oil) did not meet the criteria of preservative capacity, while rest six products fulfil the requirements. Thus, our findings revealed a huge load of microorganisms in spite of having adequate preservative capacity in most of the tested products.
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Sentinel node biopsy in patients with melanoma improves the accuracy of staging when added to clinicopathological features of the primary tumor. Ann Oncol 2020; 32:375-383. [PMID: 33253862 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been claimed, without supporting evidence, that knowledge of sentinel node (SN) status does not provide more accurate prognostic information than basic clinicopathological features of a primary cutaneous melanoma. We sought to investigate this claim and to quantify any additional value of SN status in predicting survival outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data for a Dutch population-based cohort of melanoma patients (n = 9272) and for a validation cohort from a large Australian melanoma treatment center (n = 5644) were analyzed. Patients were adults diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 with histologically-proven, primary invasive cutaneous melanoma who underwent SN biopsy. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses were carried out in the Dutch cohort to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS) and overall survival (OS). The findings were validated using the Australian cohort. Discrimination (Harrell's C-statistic), net benefit using decision curve analysis and net reclassification index (NRI) were calculated. RESULTS The Dutch cohort showed an improved C-statistic from 0.74 to 0.78 for OS and from 0.74 to 0.76 for RFS when SN status was included in the model with Breslow thickness, sex, age, site, mitoses, ulceration, regression and melanoma subtype. In the Australian cohort, the C-statistic increased from 0.70 to 0.73 for OS, 0.70 to 0.74 for RFS and 0.72 to 0.76 for MSS. Decision curve analyses showed that the 3-year and 5-year risk of death or recurrence were more accurately classified with a model that included SN status. At 3 years, sensitivity increased by 12% for both OS and RFS in the development cohort, and by 10% and 6% for OS and RFS, respectively, in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of SN status significantly improved the predictive accuracy for RFS, MSS and OS when added to a comprehensive suite of established clinicopathological prognostic factors. However, clinicians and patients must consider the magnitude of the improvement when weighing up the advantages and disadvantages of SN biopsy for melanoma.
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Distinct CDK6 complexes determine tumor cell response to CDK4/6 inhibitors and degraders. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Modified Short Proximal Femoral Nail for Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur in Indian Patients - our Experience. Malays Orthop J 2020; 14:72-82. [PMID: 32983380 PMCID: PMC7513656 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2007.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proximal femoral nail (PFN) is a commonly used implant for intertrochanteric fractures which is designed according to western femoral measurements. However, anthropometry of proximal femur in Indian and in general, Asian, are smaller. So a modified short PFN with smaller dimensions was developed. This study analyses the radiological and functional outcome of treatment of intertrochanteric fractures with modified short PFN. Materials and Methods A retrospective study analysed 120 adult patients operated between 2014-2017 using modified short PFN for intertrochanteric fractures, having a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Clinical and radiological parameters including tip-apex distance (TAD), position of tip of lag screw in femoral head, lateral slide of lag screw as well as length of anti-rotation screw were measured. Final functional outcome was assessed using Barthel's index and Kyle's criteria. Results Good reduction was achieved in 90.83% cases and 79.16% had ideal placement of lag screw in femoral head. Intra-operative difficulties were encountered in 13.33% (n=16). Mean TAD AP (anteroposterior) was 11.8mm, TAD LAT (lateral) was 11.0mm and mean TAD TOT was 22.8mm. Overall mean lateral slide was 3.20mm and it was more in unstable fracture. We had five mechanical failures, one patient with screw breakage without loss of reduction and two peri-implant fractures after union. 81.66% returned to pre-injury levels of activity with 88.33% good to excellent outcome as per Kyle's criteria. Conclusion Although, not devoid of complications, modified short PFN results in good functional recovery of patients with intertrochanteric fractures of femur.
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1451P Comparative response evaluation of cisplatin-capecitabine with cisplatin-5-fluorouracil in advanced gastric carcinoma: A quasi-experimental study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Drying Kinetics of White Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Using Different Equipment of Drying Considering of Power Density. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 2020; 11:247-253. [DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2020.109424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Nasal Packs for Epistaxis: Predictors of Success. Clin Otolaryngol 2020; 45:659-666. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Microbiological quality analysis of different types of popular dried food items. FOOD RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(4).080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the microbiological quality of dried foods which
are very popular among kids. Moreover, people from all age groups like it, although adults
do not take it on a regular basis, the total consumed amount among the adults are not
negligible. Chips, biscuits, muesli, salted peanuts all are dried foods, and all of these can
undergo microbial contamination due to the remaining water activity, environmental
condition, production processing faults, humidity, temperature etc. In the current study,
twenty-four samples were analyzed for microbial quality analysis. Six samples from each
category of dried food were subjected to study for the presence of mesophilic organisms,
coliforms, molds and other specific food pathogens. Of the samples studied, almost all
were found to be contaminated with the mesophilic bacteria (104
-107CFU/g) and fungus
(105
-107CFU/g). Survival of Vibrio spp. was absent and Salmonella spp. was found in
only one sample. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Shigella
spp. were found in many of the samples indicating the poor quality of the dried food items.
Overall, the present study revealed that potato chips were highly contaminated by bacteria
and fungi. Consuming such contaminated chips may cause foodborne illness that is a great
threat to our health.
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Metabolic maturation in the first 2 years of life in resource-constrained settings and its association with postnatal growths. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay5969. [PMID: 32284996 PMCID: PMC7141821 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay5969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition continues to affect the growth and development of millions of children worldwide, and chronic undernutrition has proven to be largely refractory to interventions. Improved understanding of metabolic development in infancy and how it differs in growth-constrained children may provide insights to inform more timely, targeted, and effective interventions. Here, the metabolome of healthy infants was compared to that of growth-constrained infants from three continents over the first 2 years of life to identify metabolic signatures of aging. Predictive models demonstrated that growth-constrained children lag in their metabolic maturity relative to their healthier peers and that metabolic maturity can predict growth 6 months into the future. Our results provide a metabolic framework from which future nutritional programs may be more precisely constructed and evaluated.
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OA01.04 Safety and Efficacy of Flu Vaccination After Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: a Retrospective Review. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Anti VGKC complex antibody associated disorders: A retrospective audit. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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P1.01-76 Randomized Phase II Study of Immunotherapy With or Without Low Dose Chemotherapy for Patients with Performance Status of 2. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P4627Presentation, management, and outcomes of STEMI in Egypt: results from the European Society of Cardiology registry on ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Apart from few small single-center studies there are limited data about STEMI patients in Egypt.
Patients and methods
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Registry on ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction is a prospective, multicenter and observational registry. Nineteen Egyptian centers (with and without PCI facilities) participated in this registry with 1356 patients who were compared to 7420 patients from other ESC countries. Patient recruitment started from March 2016 to February 2018.
Aims of the study
The aims of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients with STEMI, to assess STEMI management patterns, to evaluate in-hospital patient outcome and to compare Egyptian patients with other ESC countries.
Results
Compared to other ESC countries, Egyptian patients were younger (mean age 55.4±11.3 vs. 62.9±12.4; P<0.001 and 4.3% vs. 19.4%% were ≥75 years old; P<0.001) with fewer females (18.4% vs. 25.6%; P<0.001). Fewer Egyptian patients had history of myocardial infarction (7.9% vs. 12.6%; P<0.001), chronic heart failure (2.0% vs. 11.5%; P<0.001), but Egyptians had higher prevalence of current smoking (59.0% vs. 42.8% p<0.001), Diabetes mellitus (40.7% vs. 21.9%, p<0.001). Egypt had longer median time between symptoms onset and first medical contact: 120.0 (60.0; 240.0) vs. 100.0 (50.0; 240.0) p<0.001. Self-presentation rather than EMS presentation was the mode of admission in 86.0% in Egypt vs. 25.8% in EU countries (p<0.001). On qualifying ECG, anterior STEMI was in 57.0% in Egypt vs. 45.9% in other countries (p<0.001). Initial reperfusion therapy was 49.1%, 43.0% and 7.2% for Primary PCI, thrombolytic therapy and no reperfusion in Egypt vs. 85.4%, 7.2% and 7.8% for EU countries, respectively. Thrombolysis when given was in the CCU/ICU rather than EMS or ER in 97.2% in Egypt vs. 43.7% in other countries. Compared to thrombolytic therapy, patients who were treated with primary PCI had less Cerebrovascular accident (0.75% vs. 1.3%; P<0.001), killip Class IV (3.0% vs. 5.9%; P<0.001) or AF (2.5% vs. 3.6%; P 0.008). In hospital mortality was 4.6% in Egypt vs. 3.5% in other countries P 0.040 and was 18.7% in No reperfusion vs. 2.1% in Primary PCI vs. 4.9% in Thrombolysis (P<0.001) among Egyptians. Patients were discharged on Aspirin in 98.6%, Clopidogrel in 91.0%, Ticagrelor in 7.1%, DAPT in 97.6%, Beta Blockers in 82.8%, ACE inhibitors in 84.7%, MRAs in 10.0%, and Statins in 99.7%.
Conclusion
Egyptian STEMI patients were younger, more frequently obese, smokers and diabetics had significantly longer delay between symptoms onset and first medical contact with more self-presentation rather than the recommended EMS presentation. Primary PCI was offered to only half of the patients. In hospital mortality was significantly higher and was highest among non-reperfused patients. National plans for primary and secondary prevention are urgently needed in Egypt.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This registry was funded by the ESC. The Egyptian Society of Cardiology was given a grant of €12000 to help with the implementation of this national E
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Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Is Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Necessary? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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External validation of a prognostic model to predict survival of patients with sentinel node-negative melanoma. Br J Surg 2019; 106:1319-1326. [PMID: 31310333 PMCID: PMC6790583 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Identifying patients with sentinel node‐negative melanoma at high risk of recurrence or death is important. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) recently developed a prognostic model including Breslow thickness, ulceration and site of the primary tumour. The aims of the present study were to validate this prognostic model externally and to assess whether it could be improved by adding other prognostic factors. Methods Patients with sentinel node‐negative cutaneous melanoma were included in this retrospective single‐institution study. The β values of the EORTC prognostic model were used to predict recurrence‐free survival and melanoma‐specific survival. The predictive performance was assessed by discrimination (c‐index) and calibration. Seeking to improve the performance of the model, additional variables were added to a Cox proportional hazards model. Results Some 4235 patients with sentinel node‐negative cutaneous melanoma were included. The median follow‐up time was 50 (i.q.r. 18·5–81·5) months. Recurrences and deaths from melanoma numbered 793 (18·7 per cent) and 456 (10·8 per cent) respectively. Validation of the EORTC model showed good calibration for both outcomes, and a c‐index of 0·69. The c‐index was only marginally improved to 0·71 when other significant prognostic factors (sex, age, tumour type, mitotic rate) were added. Conclusion This study validated the EORTC prognostic model for recurrence‐free and melanoma‐specific survival of patients with negative sentinel nodes. The addition of other prognostic factors only improved the model marginally. The validated EORTC model could be used for personalizing follow‐up and selecting high‐risk patients for trials of adjuvant systemic therapy.
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Atomistic analysis of the thermomechanical properties of Sn-Ag-Cu solder materials at the nanoscale with the MEAM potential. J Mol Model 2019; 25:59. [PMID: 30741336 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sn-Ag-Cu, commonly known as SAC, is considered to be among the most promising of all lead-free solder alloys. Research aimed at making electronic components smaller has pointed to the possible use of nanosized solder joints in the future. In this study, for the first time, molecular dynamics simulations were used to analyze the thermomechanical properties of SAC solder materials at the nanoscale. The modified embedded-atom method (MEAM) potential was utilized in the simulations of the SAC solder materials. The dimensions of the structures considered were 55 × 55 × 59 Å. Four different SAC solders were studied, with Ag percentages ranging from 1% to 4% (SAC105, SAC205, SAC305, and SAC405). Thus, the effects of the Ag percentage on the thermomechanical properties of the solder at the nanoscale were identified. The impacts of the temperature on the uniaxial tensile properties and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values of the SAC solder materials were investigated by performing simulations of the materials at different temperatures. Results suggest that as the Ag percentage increases, the uniaxial tensile strength and CTE of the solder increase whereas the failure strain and thermal conductivity decrease. The results presented should prove useful in the electronic packaging industry.
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Cell-free circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in the management of patients with non-biopsiable advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy292.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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No yield penalty under favorable conditions paving the way for successful adoption of flood tolerant rice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9245. [PMID: 29915310 PMCID: PMC6006260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Flooding is one of the major constraints for rice production in rainfed lowlands, especially in years and areas of high rainfall. Incorporating the Sub1 (Submergence1) gene into high yielding popular varieties has proven to be the most feasible approach to sustain rice production in submergence-prone areas. Introgression of this QTL into popular varieties has resulted in considerable improvement in yield after flooding. However, its impact under non-flooded conditions or years have not been thoroughly evaluated which is important for the farmers to accept and adopt any new version of their popular varieties. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Sub1 on grain yield of rice in different genetic backgrounds, under non-submergence conditions, over years and locations. The study was carried out using head to head trials in farmer’s fields, which enable the farmers to more accurately compare the performance of Sub1 varieties with their recurrent parents under own management. The data generated from different head to head trials revealed that the grain yield of Sub1 varieties was either statistically similar or higher than their non-Sub1 counterparts under non-submergence conditions. Thus, Sub1 rice varieties show no instance of yield penalty of the introgressed gene.
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Evaluation of knowledge regarding gestational diabetes mellitus: a Bangladeshi study. Public Health 2018; 161:67-74. [PMID: 29913317 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Bangladeshi people. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS This study involving 1374 participants was conducted in 15 outpatient clinics of Diabetic Association of Bangladesh and its affiliated associations, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and four medical college hospitals in Bangladesh from August 2015 to December 2015. A pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information related to sociodemographic status, level of education, types of profession, and medical history. The questionnaire included eight questions on GDM. Level of knowledge (mean ± 1 standard deviation [SD]) was categorized as poor, average, and good. Descriptive, Chi-squared, and regression analysis were performed to express the results. RESULTS Of total knowledge score of 8, participants' mean knowledge score (±SD) was 2.7 ± 1.5. The levels of good, average, and poor knowledge were 26.3%, 63.1%, and 10.6%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, participants aged below 30 years (P < 0.001), male gender (P < 0.001), high-income group (P < 0.001), having university education (P < 0.001), health professionals (P < 0.001), capital Dhaka city residents (P < 0.001), those with family history of diabetes (P = 0.007), and participants with diabetes (P = 0.007) were found to be significantly associated with the good knowledge score. CONCLUSIONS Participants in this study had average knowledge about GDM. New innovative strategies should be developed to improve the knowledge of GDM among health professionals and general population.
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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Bangladesh: results from a sentinel surveillance system. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:12-17. [PMID: 28157459 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious obstacle to successful TB control. The 2010-2011 Bangladesh Drug Resistance Survey (DRS) showed MDR-TB prevalence to be 7% overall, 1.4% in new and 28.5% in previously treated patients. We aimed to determine the rate of MDR-TB in selected sentinel sites in Bangladesh. METHODS Fourteen hospitals from the seven divisions in Bangladesh were selected as sentinel surveillance sites. Newly registered TB patients were systematically enrolled from August 2011 to December 2014. Sputum specimens were processed for culture and drug susceptibility testing by the proportion method using Löwenstein-Jensen medium. RESULTS Specimens from 1906 (84%) of 2270 enrolled patients were analysed. Isolates from 61 (3.2%) were identified as having MDR-TB. The proportion of MDR-TB was 2.3% among new and 13.8% among previously treated TB patients (P < 0.001). The overall proportion of MDR-TB was 3.2%:3.5% in males and 2.3% in females; by age, the MDR-TB rate was highest (5.2%) in those aged 65 years. CONCLUSIONS The high proportion of MDR-TB among new patients found in this sentinel surveillance significantly differs from that reported in the DRS. While the sentinel surveillance sites were not designed to be nationally representative, it is worrying to observe a higher number of MDR-TB cases among new patients.
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EGFR mutation specific immunohistochemistry revolutionises time to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abdominal Obesity and Mobility Disability in Older Adults: A 4-Year Follow-Up the International Mobility in Aging Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:1228-1237. [PMID: 30498831 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal obesity is related to the disability process in older adults, however, little is known about this relationship when adjusted for important confounders such as depression and physical performance measures in a diverse international aged population. OBJECTIVES To explore the longitudinal relationship between abdominal obesity and mobility disability controlling for physical performance and depression. DESIGN AND SETTING Longitudinal observational study using data from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) Study. PARTICIPANTS 1104 out of 2002 older adults aged 64-74 years old free of mobility disability at baseline (2012) and then reassessed in 2016. MEASUREMENTS Mobility disability was defined as reporting difficulty in walking 400 m or climbing stairs. Activities of daily living (ADL) disability was based on any self-reported difficulty in five mobility-related ADLs. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥ 88cm for women or ≥ 102 cm for men. Four meters gait speed, handgrip strength and depressive symptoms (CES-D) were assessed. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) and multinomial regressions were used to estimate associations between disability and abdominal obesity. RESULTS 1104 free of disability participants were followed over 4 years, the mean age was 68.9 (±2.9) years among men and 68.7 (±2.6) years among women. Prevalence and incidence rates of mobility disability varied widely across research site and sex. The longitudinal associations between mobility disability and abdominal obesity remained significant even when adjusted by depressive symptoms, handgrip strength, gait speed, age, sex, education and research site. Participants with abdominal obesity had higher mobility disability (OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.23-1.76, p-value=0.01) and also increased risk for ADL disability (OR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.23-1.76, p-value=0.01). Abdominal obesity in baseline was also predictor of mobility disability in 2016 (OR: 1.93, 95% CI 1.17-3.17, p-value <0.01) but not for ADL disability (OR: 1.59, 95% CI 0.93-2.71, p-value =0.09) with accounting mortality. CONCLUSION Abdominal obesity is associated longitudinally and predicts mobility disability, even over a short period (4 years) in community-dwelling older adults from different epidemiological contexts.
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ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION DOSE AND EXCESSIVE LIFE-TIME CANCER RISK FROM THE BUNAIR GRANITE, NORTHERN PAKISTAN. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 178:143-151. [PMID: 28985383 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural radioactivity was measured in Bunair Granite using high purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometer and compared to world's granites and building materials to access its suitability for the construction purpose. Average gamma-activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be 52.41, 58.41 and 1130.12 Bq kg-1, respectively. The Indoor and outdoor radiation indices including excessive life-time cancer risk (ELCR) were calculated. The average indoor ELCR was estimated as 3.49 × 10-3. The average outdoor ELCR was assessed as 0.46 × 10-3. As a basic building material Bunair Granite should be on low propriety. For flooring, facing the buildings and as Table tops, in kitchens and other utilities it is safe.
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Results of a Phase 2 Study of Consolidative Thoracic Radiotherapy and/or Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic NSCLC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Evaluation of various prognostic scores and impact of cell of origin on survival in limited stage DLBCL: retrospective study. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx373.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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OBESITY AND LONGITUDINAL CHANGES OF HANDGRIP STRENGTH IN OLDER ADULTS FROM DIFFERENT CONTEXTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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The association of monocytes and Tregs with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.55.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition characterised by inflamed joints. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) are ineffective in 30–40% of patients. CD169 (Siglec-1) is expressed by monocytes and correlates with disease activity in RA. It drives pro-inflammatory processes including the suppression of Tregs through its cognate ligand, CD169L. This study aims to define the relationship between CD169, CD169L and disease activity, as a potential early biomarker of treatment response.
Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy controls and RA patients who failed DMARD treatment. FACS was used to: (i) immunophenotype CD169+ monocytes and CD169L+ Tregs, and (ii) assess levels of FoxP3 within Tregs.
Results
RA patients had a significantly higher percentage of CD169+ monocytes (28.47 ± 7.17, (mean ± SEM), n=19) compared to healthy controls (8.03 ± 1.48, n=19, p=<0.01). A negative correlation was also observed between the percentage of CD169+ monocytes and CD169L+ Tregs in RA patients (r=−0.72, n=19, p=<0.01). Furthermore, the ratio of CD169:CD169L percentages has a positive association with DAS28-ESR (r=0.77, n=9, p=0.02). FoxP3 is expressed at lower levels in RA patients (24.14 ± 1.87, n=25) compared with healthy controls (46.65 ± 6.16, n=13, p=<0.01).
Conclusion
These results provide preliminary evidence of a relationship between CD169 and CD169L, and further define how their balance is associated with disease activity. Low levels of FoxP3 in RA patients indicates reduced Treg activation, which may cause increased disease activity. We postulate that this balance of cells is key in the immune response and could be used as a surrogate measure of disease activity.
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P1294Evaluation of right atrium mechanics and relation with loading conditions by speckle tracking echocardiographyP1295Late detection of left ventricular dysfunction using 2D and 3D speckle-tracking in patients with history of non-severe acute myocarditisP1296The impact of abnormal circadian BP profile on left atrial function by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and its effect on functional capacity in hypertensive patientsP1297Right heart echocardiographic parameters alterations in asymptomatic breast cancer patients during chemotherapyP1299The Impact of myocardial deformation imaging for assessment of long-life prognosis in young patients with Kawasaki diseasesP1300Early detection of lv systolic dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with rheumatoid arthritis using global longitudinal strain assessmentP1301Cardiovascular risk assessment in haemodialysis patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular hypertrophyP1302Echocardiographic determinants of the functional capacity in systemic sclerosis: role of the right heartP1303 Speckle tracking echocardiography assessment of left atrial strain in hypertensive patientsP1304Comparison of global longitudinal strain in rheumatic mitral regurgitation and degenerative mitral regurgitation : does etiology affect?P1305Specific correlations between aortic stiffness and three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived segmental left ventricular strainsP1306Three-dimensional right ventricular strain analysis for the dependency of preload changes. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016; 17:ii277-ii280. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew266.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Definitive treatment of common bile duct stones with endoscopic sphincterotomy alone in patients 70 years and above: Is it justified? Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Population-based cohort study of variation in the use of emergency cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1716-1726. [PMID: 27748962 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aims of this prospective population-based cohort study were to identify the patient and hospital characteristics associated with emergency cholecystectomy, and the influences of these in determining variations between hospitals.
Methods
Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy in acute UK and Irish hospitals between 1 March and 1 May 2014. Potential explanatory variables influencing the performance of emergency cholecystectomy were analysed by means of multilevel, multivariable logistic regression modelling using a two-level hierarchical structure with patients (level 1) nested within hospitals (level 2).
Results
Data were collected on 4744 cholecystectomies from 165 hospitals. Increasing age, lower ASA fitness grade, biliary colic, the need for further imaging (magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic interventions (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and admission to a non-biliary centre significantly reduced the likelihood of an emergency cholecystectomy being performed. The multilevel model was used to calculate the probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy for a woman aged 40 years or over with an ASA grade of I or II and a BMI of at least 25·0 kg/m2, who presented with acute cholecystitis with an ultrasound scan showing a thick-walled gallbladder and a normal common bile duct. The mean predicted probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy was 0·52 (95 per cent c.i. 0·45 to 0·57). The predicted probabilities ranged from 0·02 to 0·95 across the 165 hospitals, demonstrating significant variation between hospitals.
Conclusion
Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.
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Numerical investigation of radiative optically-dense transient magnetized reactive transport phenomena with cross diffusion, dissipation and wall mass flux effects. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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