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Emeto TI, Alele FO, Smith AM, Smith FM, Dougan T, Golledge J. Use of Nanoparticles As Contrast Agents for the Functional and Molecular Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:16. [PMID: 28386544 PMCID: PMC5362602 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative disease of the aorta common in adults older than 65 years of age. AAA is usually imaged using ultrasound or computed tomography. Molecular imaging technologies employing nanoparticles (NPs) have been proposed as novel ways to quantify pathological processes, such as inflammation, within AAAs as a means to identify the risk of rapid progression or rupture. This article reviews the current evidence supporting the role of NP-based imaging in the management of AAA. Currently, ultrasmall superparamagnetic NPs enhanced magnetic resonance imaging appears to hold the greatest potential for imaging macrophage-mediated inflammation in human AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilus I Emeto
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Diseases, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Faith O Alele
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University , Townsville, QLD , Australia
| | - Amy M Smith
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University , Townsville, QLD , Australia
| | - Felicity M Smith
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University , Townsville, QLD , Australia
| | - Tammy Dougan
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrookes Hospital , Cambridge , UK
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Diseases, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Moran CS, Rush CM, Dougan T, Jose RJ, Biros E, Norman PE, Gera L, Golledge J. Modulation of Kinin B2 Receptor Signaling Controls Aortic Dilatation and Rupture in the Angiotensin II-Infused Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mouse. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:898-907. [PMID: 26966276 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of mortality in older adults. Activity of the local kallikrein-kinin system may be important in cardiovascular disease. The effect of kinin B2 receptor (B2R) agonist and antagonist peptides on experimental AAA was investigated. APPROACH AND RESULTS AAA was induced in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via infusion of angiotensin II (1.0 μg/kg per minute SC). B2R agonists or antagonists were given via injection (2 mg/kg IP) every other day. The B2R agonist (B9772) promoted aortic rupture in response to angiotensin II associated with an increase in neutrophil infiltration of the aorta in comparison to controls. Mice receiving a B2R/kinin B1 receptor antagonist (B9430) were relatively protected from aortic rupture. Neutrophil depletion abrogated the ability of the B2R agonist to promote aortic rupture. Progression of angiotensin II-induced aortic dilatation was inhibited in mice receiving a B2R antagonist (B9330). Secretion of metalloproteinase-2 and -9, osteoprotegerin, and osteopontin by human AAA explant was reduced in the presence of the B2R antagonist (B9330). B2R agonist and antagonist peptides enhanced and inhibited, respectively, angiotensin II-induced neutrophil activation and aortic smooth muscle cell inflammatory phenotype. The B2R antagonist (B9330; 5 μg) delivered directly to the aortic wall 1 week post-AAA induction with calcium phosphate in a rat model reduced aneurysm growth associated with downregulation of aortic metalloproteinase-9. CONCLUSIONS B2R signaling promotes aortic rupture within a mouse model associated with the ability to stimulate inflammatory phenotypes of neutrophils and vascular smooth muscle cells. B2R antagonism could be a potential therapy for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey S Moran
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Catherine M Rush
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Tammy Dougan
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Roby J Jose
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Erik Biros
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Paul E Norman
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Lajos Gera
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.)
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- From the Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine & Dentistry (C.S.M., T.D., R.J.J., E.B., J.G.), and Discipline of Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences (C.M.R.), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (L.G.); School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia (P.E.N.); and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (J.G.).
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Tam FWK, Sanders JS, George A, Hammad T, Miller C, Dougan T, Cook HT, Kallenberg CGM, Gaskin G, Levy JB, Pusey CD. Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a marker of active renal vasculitis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19:2761-8. [PMID: 15353578 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfh487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage infiltration and cytokine production are important in the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis in anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether urinary levels of chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fractalkine, were useful tools for non-invasive assessment of renal vasculitis. METHODS In a prospective study, concentrations of chemokines were measured in urine and serum samples using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and related to the patients' clinical status. Renal expression of MCP-1 was studied by immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsies. RESULTS Urinary levels of MCP-1 were significantly higher in patients with active (P<0.01) or persistent (P<0.05) renal vasculitis, in comparison with healthy volunteers, control patients, patients with inactive vasculitis and patients with extra-renal disease only. There were no differences in serum concentrations of MCP-1 between these groups. Reduction in urinary MCP-1 levels following treatment preceded the improvement of renal function by a median of 2 weeks. In one patient, rising urinary levels of MCP-1, despite immunosuppressive therapy, was associated with progression to severe renal failure. There were no differences in urinary fractalkine levels between the different groups of patients and controls. Immunohistology of renal biopsies from patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis showed increased staining for MCP-1 in glomerular and interstitial cells. Urinary MCP-1 levels correlated with glomerular, but not tubulointerstitial, macrophage infiltration (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that measurement of urinary MCP-1, but not fractalkine, is a useful non-invasive technique for the assessment of renal involvement and monitoring the response to therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick W K Tam
- Renal Section, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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