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Rogers JL, Clowse MEB, McKenna K, Starling S, Swezey T, Molokwu N, Corneli A, Pisetsky DS, Sun K, Criscione-Schreiber LG, Sadun RE, Maheswaranathan M, Burshell D, Doss J, Eudy AM. Patient and Physician Perspectives of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare: A Qualitative Study. J Rheumatol 2024; 51:488-494. [PMID: 38101916 PMCID: PMC11065621 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares are associated with increased damage and decreased health-related quality of life. We hypothesized that there is discordance between physicians' and patients' views of SLE flare. In this study, we aimed to explore patient and physician descriptions of SLE flares. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews with a purposeful sample of patients with SLE (who met 1997 American College of Rheumatology or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria) and practicing rheumatologists. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS Forty-two patient participants with SLE, representing a range of SLE activity, completed interviews. The majority described flare symptoms as joint pain, fatigue, and skin issues lasting several days. Few included objective signs or laboratory measures, when available, as features of flare. We interviewed 13 rheumatologists from 10 academic and 3 community settings. The majority defined flare as increased or worsening SLE disease activity, with slightly more than half requiring objective findings. Around half of the rheumatologists included fatigue, pain, or other patient-reported symptoms. CONCLUSION Patients and physicians described flare differently. Participants with SLE perceived flares as several days of fatigue, pain, and skin issues. Providers defined flares as periods of increased clinical SLE activity. Our findings suggest the current definition of flare may be insufficient to integrate both perceptions. Further study is needed to understand the pathophysiology of patient flares and the best way to incorporate patients' perspectives into clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Rogers
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Megan E B Clowse
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Kevin McKenna
- K. McKenna, MPH, S. Starling, DrPH, MPH, T. Swezey, PhD, N. Molokwu, MSW, A. Corneli, PhD, MPH, Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Summer Starling
- K. McKenna, MPH, S. Starling, DrPH, MPH, T. Swezey, PhD, N. Molokwu, MSW, A. Corneli, PhD, MPH, Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Teresa Swezey
- K. McKenna, MPH, S. Starling, DrPH, MPH, T. Swezey, PhD, N. Molokwu, MSW, A. Corneli, PhD, MPH, Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Nneka Molokwu
- K. McKenna, MPH, S. Starling, DrPH, MPH, T. Swezey, PhD, N. Molokwu, MSW, A. Corneli, PhD, MPH, Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Amy Corneli
- K. McKenna, MPH, S. Starling, DrPH, MPH, T. Swezey, PhD, N. Molokwu, MSW, A. Corneli, PhD, MPH, Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - David S Pisetsky
- D.S. Pisetsky, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, and Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Lisa G Criscione-Schreiber
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Rebecca E Sadun
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Mithu Maheswaranathan
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Dana Burshell
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Jayanth Doss
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Amanda M Eudy
- J.L. Rogers, MD, M.E.B. Clowse, MD, MPH, K. Sun, MD, MS, L.G. Criscione-Schreiber, MD, MEd, R.E. Sadun, MD, PhD, M. Maheswaranathan, MD, D. Burshell, MPH, J. Doss, MD, MPH, A.M. Eudy, PhD, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine;
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Herndon S, Corneli A, Dombeck C, Swezey T, Clowse M, Rogers JL, Criscione-Schreiber LG, Sadun RE, Doss J, Eudy AM, Bosworth HB, Sun K. A qualitative study of facilitators of medication adherence in systemic lupus erythematosus: Perspectives from rheumatology providers/staff and patients. Lupus 2024; 33:137-144. [PMID: 38164913 PMCID: PMC10922388 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231225843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disproportionately affects patients from racial and ethnic minority groups. Medication adherence is lower among these patient populations, and nonadherence is associated with worse health outcomes. We aimed to identify factors that enable adherence to immunosuppressive medications among patients with SLE from racial and ethnic minority groups. METHODS Using a qualitative descriptive study design, we conducted in-depth interviews with purposefully selected (1) patients with SLE from racial and ethnic minority groups who were taking immunosuppressants and (2) lupus providers and staff. We focused on adherence facilitators, asking patients to describe approaches supporting adherence and for overcoming common adherence challenges and providers and staff to describe actions they can take to foster patient adherence. We used applied thematic analysis and categorized themes using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model. RESULTS We interviewed 12 patients (4 adherent and 8 nonadherent based on medication possession ratio) and 12 providers and staff. Although each patient described a unique set of facilitators, patients most often described social support, physical well-being, reminders, and ability to acquire medications as facilitators. Providers also commonly mentioned reminders and easy medication access as facilitators as well as patient education/communication and empowerment. CONCLUSION Using an established behavioral change model, we categorized a breadth of adherence facilitators within each domain of the COM-B model while highlighting patients' individual approaches. Our findings suggest that an optimal adherence intervention may require a multi-modal and individually tailored approach including components from each behavioral domain-ensuring medication access (Capability) and utilizing reminders and social support (Opportunity), while coupled with internal motivation through improved communication and empowerment (Motivation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Herndon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Carrie Dombeck
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Megan Clowse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | | | - Rebecca E. Sadun
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Jayanth Doss
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Amanda M. Eudy
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Hayden B. Bosworth
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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Dombeck C, Scales CD, McKenna K, Swezey T, Harper JD, Antonelli JA, Desai AC, Lai HH, McCune R, Curatolo M, Al-Khalidi HR, Maalouf NM, Reese PP, Wessells H, Kirkali Z, Corneli A. Patients' Experiences With the Removal of a Ureteral Stent: Insights From In-depth Interviews With Participants in the USDRN STENTS Qualitative Cohort Study. Urology 2023; 178:26-36. [PMID: 37149059 PMCID: PMC10530092 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences of patients undergoing stent removal in the USDRN Study to Enhance Understanding of Stent-Associated Symptoms (STENTS), a prospective, observational cohort study of patients with short-term ureteral stent placement post-ureteroscopy. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews. Participants reflected on (1) painful or bothersome aspects of stent removal, (2) symptoms immediately after removal, and (3) symptoms in the days following removal. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS The 38 participants interviewed were aged 13-77 years, 55% female, and 95% White. Interviews were conducted 7-30 days after stent removal. Almost all participants (n = 31) described that they experienced either pain or discomfort during stent removal, but for most (n = 25) pain was of short duration. Many participants (n = 21) described anticipatory anxiety related to the procedure, and several (n = 11) discussed discomfort arising from lack of privacy or feeling exposed. Interactions with medical providers often helped put participants at ease, but also increased discomfort for some. Following stent removal, several participants described lingering pain and/or urinary symptoms, but these largely resolved within 24 hours. A few participants described symptoms persisting for more than a day post stent removal. CONCLUSION These findings on patients' experiences during and shortly after ureteral stent removal, particularly the psychological distress they experienced, identify opportunities for improvement in patient care. Clear communication from providers about what to expect with the removal procedure, and the possibility of delayed pain, may help patients adapt to discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Dombeck
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Charles D Scales
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Department of Surgery (Urology), Duke Surgical Center for Outcomes Research & Equity in Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Kevin McKenna
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Jodi A Antonelli
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Duke Surgical Center for Outcomes Research & Equity in Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Alana C Desai
- Department of Surgery (Urologic Surgery), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - H Henry Lai
- Department of Surgery (Urologic Surgery), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Michele Curatolo
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Hussein R Al-Khalidi
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Naim M Maalouf
- Department of Internal Medicine and Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Peter P Reese
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hunter Wessells
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ziya Kirkali
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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Dombeck C, Swezey T, Gonzalez Sepulveda JM, Reeve BB, LeBlanc TW, Chandler D, Corneli A. Patient perspectives on considerations, tradeoffs, and experiences with multiple myeloma treatment selection: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:65. [PMID: 36658490 PMCID: PMC9850680 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in multiple myeloma treatment and a proliferation of treatment options have resulted in improved survival rates and periods of symptom-free remission for many multiple myeloma patients. As a result, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) concerns related to myeloma treatments have become increasingly salient for this patient population and represent an important consideration guiding patients' treatment choices. To gain an understanding of patients' experiences with choosing myeloma therapies and explore the HRQoL concerns that are most important to them, we interviewed a diverse sample of US-based multiple myeloma patients about their treatment considerations. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews. Participants reflected on (1) the factors that were most important to them when thinking about multiple myeloma treatment and how these have changed over time, (2) how they might weigh the importance of treatment efficacy vs. side effects, (3) trade-offs they would be willing to make regarding efficacy vs. HRQoL, and (4) treatment changes they had experienced. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and narratives were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS We interviewed 21 patients, heterogeneous in their disease trajectory and treatment experience. Participants were 36 to 78 years, 52% female, and 38% Black. Efficacy was named as the most important treatment consideration by almost two-thirds of participants, and over half also valued HRQoL aspects such as the ability to maintain daily functioning and enjoyment of life. Participants expressed concern about potential treatment side effects and preferred more convenient treatment options. Although participants stated largely trusting their clinicians' treatment recommendations, many said they would stop a clinician-recommended treatment if it negatively impacted their HRQoL. Participants also said that while they prioritized treatment efficacy, they would be willing to change to a less efficacious treatment if side effects became intolerable. CONCLUSIONS Our findings link to other reports reflecting considerations that are important to multiple myeloma patients, including the importance placed on increasing life expectancy and progression-free survival, but also the tension between treatment efficacy and quality of life. Our results extend these findings to a racially diverse US-based patient population at different stages in the disease trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Dombeck
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Juan Marcos Gonzalez Sepulveda
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA
| | - Bryce B. Reeve
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Thomas W. LeBlanc
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - David Chandler
- grid.417886.40000 0001 0657 5612Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA
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Perry B, Kehoe L, Swezey T, Le Masne Q, Goldhahn J, Staley A, Corneli A. How Much Evidence Is Enough? Research Sponsor Experiences Seeking Regulatory Acceptance of Digital Health Technology-Derived Endpoints. Digit Biomark 2023; 7:45-53. [PMID: 37404865 PMCID: PMC10315005 DOI: 10.1159/000529878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital health technologies (DHTs) provide opportunities for real-time data collection and assessment of patient function. However, use of DHT-derived endpoints in clinical trials to support medical product labelling claims is limited. Methods From November 2020 through March 2021, the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with sponsors of clinical trials that used DHT-derived endpoints. We aimed to learn about their experiences, including their interactions with regulators and the challenges they encountered. Using applied thematic analysis, we identified barriers to and recommendations for using DHT-derived endpoints in pivotal trials. Results Sponsors identified five key challenges to incorporating DHT-derived endpoints in clinical trials. These included (1) a need for additional regulatory clarity specific to DHT-derived endpoints, (2) the official clinical outcome assessment qualification process being impractical for the biopharmaceutical industry, (3) a lack of comparator clinical endpoints, (4) a lack of validated DHTs and algorithms for concepts of interest, and (5) a lack of operational support from DHT vendors. Discussion/Conclusion CTTI shared the interview findings with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and during a multi-stakeholder expert meeting. Based on these discussions, we provide several new and revised tools to aid sponsors in using DHT-derived endpoints in pivotal trials to support labelling claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Perry
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lindsay Kehoe
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Quentin Le Masne
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Global Digital Health, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jörg Goldhahn
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alicia Staley
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Medidata, a Dassault Systèmes Company, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Langford DJ, Gewandter JS, Amtmann D, Reeve BB, Corneli A, McKenna K, Swezey T, McFatrich M, Jensen MP, Turk DC, Dworkin RH. Initial Content Validation and Roadmap for a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of Pain Intensity. J Pain 2022; 23:1945-1957. [PMID: 35868594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Measures of pain intensity (eg, numeric rating scales [NRS]) are widely used in clinical research and practice. While these measures have evidence for validity and reliability, poor standardization of instructions, and response options limits precision of pain assessment, allows for inconsistency in interpretation, and presents a challenge for comparison and aggregation of study results. Despite these pitfalls, the 0 to 10 NRS remains the most commonly used primary outcome measure in clinical trials of pain treatments and is the core measure recommended by regulatory agencies. The purpose of this study was to describe the first phase in the development of a pain intensity measure that is easily interpretable, psychometrically sound, and that adheres to FDA qualification processes. The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial, Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership conducted concept elicitation interviews (N = 44; 22 with acute pain; 22 with chronic pain) to understand the patient perspective on rating pain intensity and to identify actionable suggestions for improved clarity and meaningfulness of instructions, recall periods, and response options. This article summarizes interview findings, describes how patient input and FDA feedback informed preliminary candidate measures, and provides an overview of the FDA qualification process. PERSPECTIVE: Concept elicitation interviews informed the development of content-valid candidate measures of acute and chronic pain intensity for planned use in clinical trials of pain treatments, and comprise the initial stage in FDA clinical outcome assessment qualification. Measures will subsequently be evaluated through cognitive interviews and a series of psychometric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale J Langford
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.
| | - Jennifer S Gewandter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Dagmar Amtmann
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bryce B Reeve
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Kevin McKenna
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Molly McFatrich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Mark P Jensen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Dennis C Turk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert H Dworkin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Dombeck C, Swezey T, Forrest A, Tenaerts P, Corneli A. Stakeholders' views on the most and least helpful aspects of the ICH E6 GCP guideline and their aspirations for the revision of ICH E6(R2). Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 29:100983. [PMID: 36111176 PMCID: PMC9468347 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) has published the ICH E6(R2) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guideline, which provides standards for the design, conduct, documentation, and reporting of clinical trials. Revision to E6(R2) is currently underway, aiming to adapt the guidance to the current regulatory environment. The Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) interviewed stakeholders, gathering their experiences implementing ICH E6 GCP and suggestions for revising the guidance. Methods We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews. Participants were purposefully selected to ensure diversity in geography, research role, and type of institution. Participants reflected on their aspirations for the ICH E6 GCP revision and described sections of the guidance that they found most and least helpful. Narratives were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Results Many participants found ICH E6 GCP generally clear and helpful. They appreciated that the guidance is globally accepted and serves as a common standard for research worldwide. Participants also noted opportunities for improvement, suggesting that the revised guidance should incorporate flexibility, simplify requirements, and accommodate advances in research conduct. They highlighted areas where language should be updated and concepts clarified and expressed a desire for transparency and inclusiveness in the revision process. Conclusion Our findings show that many participants view the ICH E6(R2) guidance as helpful overall, although substantial room for improvement remains. We have provided the full report of these findings to ICH in hopes that it will be useful as the E6 GCP guideline is revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Dombeck
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Annemarie Forrest
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pamela Tenaerts
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
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Sun K, Corneli AL, Dombeck C, Swezey T, Rogers JL, Criscione-Schreiber LG, Sadun RE, Eudy AM, Doss J, Bosworth HB, Clowse MEB. Barriers to Taking Medications for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Qualitative Study of Racial Minority Patients, Lupus Providers, and Clinic Staff. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2022; 74:1459-1467. [PMID: 33662174 PMCID: PMC8417148 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Racial and ethnic minorities also have more severe SLE manifestations that require use of immunosuppressive medications, and often have lower rates of medication adherence. We aimed to explore barriers of adherence to SLE immunosuppressive medications among minority SLE patients. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of racial minority SLE patients taking oral immunosuppressants (methotrexate, azathioprine, or mycophenolate), and lupus clinic providers and staff. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. We grouped themes using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior conceptual model. RESULTS We interviewed 12 SLE patients (4 adherent, 8 nonadherent) and 12 providers and staff. We identified capability barriers to include external factors related to acquiring medications, specifically cost-, pharmacy-, and clinic-related issues; opportunity barriers to include external barriers to taking medications, specifically logistic- and medication-related issues; and motivation factors to include intrinsic barriers, encompassing patients' knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and physical and mental health. The most frequently described barriers were cost, side effects, busyness/forgetting, and lack of understanding, although barriers differed by patient and adherence level, with logistic and intrinsic barriers described predominantly by nonadherent patients and side effects described predominantly by adherent patients. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that interventions may be most impactful if they are designed to facilitate logistics of taking medications and increase patients' motivation while allowing for personalization to address the individual differences in adherence barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Duke University Hospital and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy L Corneli
- Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carrie Dombeck
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer L Rogers
- Duke University Medical Center and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Amanda M Eudy
- Duke University Medical Center and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jayanth Doss
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hayden B Bosworth
- Duke University School of Medicine and Durham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Megan E B Clowse
- Duke University Medical Center and Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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9
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Muiruri C, Corneli A, Cooper L, Dombeck C, Gray S, Longenecker CT, Meissner EG, Okeke NL, Pettit AC, Swezey T, Vicini J, Bloomfield GS. Perspectives of HIV specialists and cardiologists on the specialty referral process for people living with HIV: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:623. [PMID: 35534889 PMCID: PMC9082896 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiology care may be beneficial for risk factor management in people living with HIV (PLWH), yet limited information is available about the referral process from the perspectives of HIV specialists and cardiologists. Methods We conducted 28 qualitative interviews at academic medical centers in the United States from December 2019 to February 2020 using components of the Specialty Referral Process Framework: referral decision, entry into referral care, and care integration. We analyzed the data using applied thematic analysis. Results Reasons for cardiology referral most commonly included secondary prevention, uncontrolled risk factors, cardiac symptoms, and medication management. Facilitators in the referral process included ease of referral, personal relationships between HIV specialists and cardiologists, and close proximity of the clinic to the patient’s home. Barriers included lack of transportation, transportation costs, insurance coverage gaps, stigma, and patient reluctance. Conclusions Our results will inform future studies on implementation strategies aimed at improving the specialty referral process for PLWH. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04025125. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08015-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Muiruri
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St., Suite 210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA. .,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St., Suite 210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Linda Cooper
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Carrie Dombeck
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St., Suite 210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Shamea Gray
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chris T Longenecker
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eric G Meissner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - April C Pettit
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St., Suite 210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Joseph Vicini
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gerald S Bloomfield
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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10
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Wheeler SM, Ramey-Collier K, Massengale KE, Adewumi K, Fitzgerald TA, Swezey T, Swamy GK, Corneli A. A Qualitative Study Documenting Black Birthing Individuals' Perspectives on the Disproportionate Rate of Preterm Birth in the Black Community. Women's Health Reports 2022; 3:515-522. [PMID: 35651995 PMCID: PMC9148654 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2021.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Compared with all other racial and ethnic groups, the rate of preterm birth (PTB) is 50% higher among non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB). There are limited published data focused on the etiology of the racial disparity in PTB from the perspective of Black birthing individuals who have had a lived experience with PTB. Methods: To gain insights into the etiology of the race disparity in PTB from the NHB patient's perspective, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study with NHBs who have a history of PTB. We conducted both focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs), and used applied thematic analysis to analyze the data. Results: Seven individuals participated in 3 FGDs and 15 individuals participated in an IDI. The majority of participants named stress as a contributor to PTB among NHBs. Participants described that stress becomes an ongoing cycle with a cumulative effect on health. Three primary sources of stress were identified: (1) individual including stress from lack of personal wellness, (2) relational stress from intimate partner and familial relationships, and (3) community-level stress from occupations and societal expectations. Conclusion: Uncovering NHB patient's perspectives on the etiology of PTB is a critical step to develop interventions that mitigate the disparity impacting the Black community. Our findings suggest that multilevel interventions targeting individual-, relational-, and community-level stress may be necessary to reduce rates of PTB among NHB individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahn M. Wheeler
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Konyin Adewumi
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thelma A. Fitzgerald
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Geeta K. Swamy
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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11
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Corneli A, Forrest A, Swezey T, Lin L, Tenaerts P. Stakeholders' recommendations for revising Good Clinical Practice. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 22:100776. [PMID: 33997463 PMCID: PMC8100063 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) is revising ICH E6 Good Clinical Practice (GCP). The Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) initiated a project to identify and provide ICH with stakeholders’ priority areas and suggestions for revising ICH E6 GCP. We conducted a global online survey to identify areas of ICH E6 GCP that are and are not in need of revision. A total of 327 stakeholders completed the survey. Stakeholders represent many research roles and types of organizations, are employed in 39 countries, and conduct research in 153 countries. The ICH E6 GCP principles mentioned most often (range, 25%–29%) in need of revision were implementing systems that assure quality, providing medical care by qualified physicians/dentists, protecting confidentiality and privacy, obtaining informed consent, and documenting and storing information. The Investigator section (n = 244, 75%) and Sponsor section (n = 242, 74%) of ICH E6 GCP were identified as needing the most revision and the Investigator Brochure section (n = 166, 51%) as needing the least revision. The topic most frequently mentioned as needing revision is Monitoring (n = 146; 45%) in the Sponsor section. Although none of the principles or topics in ICH E6 GCP were identified as needing revision by the majority of stakeholders, a meaningful percentage of stakeholders identified areas that they believe need revision. These findings, which represent the views of a wide variety of stakeholders, may be useful to ICH for identifying where specifically to focus their revision efforts. CTTI provided the final report to ICH with the project findings for their consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Corneli
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Annemarie Forrest
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pamela Tenaerts
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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12
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McKenna KC, Geoghegan C, Swezey T, Perry B, Wood WA, Nido V, Morin SL, Grabert BK, Hallinan ZP, Corneli AL. Investigator Experiences Using Mobile Technologies in Clinical Research: Qualitative Descriptive Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e19242. [PMID: 33576742 PMCID: PMC7910119 DOI: 10.2196/19242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The successful adoption of mobile technology for use in clinical trials relies on positive reception from key stakeholders, including clinical investigators; however, little information is known about the perspectives of investigators using mobile technologies in clinical trials. Objective The aim of this study was to seek investigators’ insights on the advantages and challenges of mobile clinical trials (MCTs); site-level budgetary, training, and other support needs necessary to adequately prepare for and implement MCTs; and the advantages and disadvantages for trial participants using mobile technologies in clinical trials. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive study design, we conducted in-depth interviews with investigators involved in the conduct of MCTs. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Results We interviewed 12 investigators who represented a wide variety of clinical specialties and reported using a wide range of mobile technologies. Investigators most commonly cited 3 advantages of MCTs over traditional clinical trials: more streamlined study operations, remote data capture, and improvement in the quality of studies and data collected. Investigators also reported that MCTs can be designed around the convenience of trial participants, and individuals may be more willing to participate in MCTs because they can take part from their homes. In addition, investigators recognized that MCTs can also involve additional burden for participants and described that operational challenges, technology adoption barriers, uncertainties about data quality, and time burden made MCTs more challenging than traditional clinical trials. Investigators stressed that additional training and dedicated staff effort may be needed to select a particular technology for use in a trial, helping trial participants learn and use the technology, and for staff troubleshooting the technology. Investigators also expressed that sharing data collected in real time with investigators and trial participants is an important aspect of MCTs that warrants consideration and potentially additional training and education. Conclusions Investigator perspectives can inform the use of mobile technologies in future clinical trials by proactively identifying and addressing potential challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Christopher McKenna
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Brian Perry
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, United States
| | - William A Wood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | | | - Steve L Morin
- Office of Health and Constituent Affairs, US Public Health Service, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Brigid K Grabert
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | | | - Amy L Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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13
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Wheeler SM, Massengale KEC, Adewumi K, Fitzgerald TA, Dombeck CB, Swezey T, Swamy GK, Corneli A. Pregnancy vs. paycheck: a qualitative study of patient's experience with employment during pregnancy at high risk for preterm birth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:565. [PMID: 32977746 PMCID: PMC7517633 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women with a history of preterm birth are at risk for recurrence, often requiring frequent prenatal visits for close monitoring and/or preventive therapies. Employment demands can limit uptake and adherence to recommended monitoring and preterm birth prevention therapies. Method We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews (IDIs) of pregnant women with a history of preterm birth. IDIs were conducted by trained qualitative interviewers following a semi-structured interview guide focused on uncovering barriers and facilitators to initiation of prenatal care, including relevant employment experiences, and soliciting potential interventions to improve prompt prenatal care initiation. The IDIs were analyzed via applied thematic analysis. Results We described the interview findings that address women’s employment experiences. The current analysis includes 27 women who are majority self-described as non-Hispanic Black (74%) and publically insured (70%). Participants were employed in a range of professions; food services, childcare and retail were the most common occupations. Participants described multiple ways that being pregnant impacted their earning potential, ranging from voluntary work-hour reduction, involuntary duty hour reductions by employers, truncated promotions, and termination of employment. Participants also shared varying experiences with workplace accommodations to their work environment and job duties based on their pregnancy. Some of these accommodations were initiated by a collaborative employee/employer discussion, others were initiated by the employer’s perception of safe working conditions in pregnancy, and some accommodations were based on medical recommendations. Participants described supportive and unsupportive employer reactions to requests for accommodations. Conclusions Our findings provide novel insights into women’s experiences balancing a pregnancy at increased risk for preterm birth with employment obligations. While many women reported positive experiences, the most striking insights came from women who described negative situations that ranged from challenging to potentially unlawful. Many of the findings suggest profound misunderstandings likely exist at the patient, employer and clinical provider level about the laws surrounding employment in pregnancy, safe employment responsibilities during pregnancy, and the range of creative accommodations that often allow for continued workplace productivity even during high risk pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahn M Wheeler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 2608 Erwin Road #210, Durham, NC, USA.
| | | | - Konyin Adewumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 2608 Erwin Road #210, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thelma A Fitzgerald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 2608 Erwin Road #210, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carrie B Dombeck
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St. #210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St. #210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Geeta K Swamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 2608 Erwin Road #210, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St. #210, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, 200 Morris Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
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14
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Corneli A, Calvert SB, Powers JH, Swezey T, Collyar D, Perry B, Farley JJ, Santiago J, Donnelly HK, De Anda C, Blanchard K, Fowler VG, Holland TL. Consensus on Language for Advance Informed Consent in Health Care-Associated Pneumonia Clinical Trials Using a Delphi Process. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e205435. [PMID: 32442291 PMCID: PMC7244987 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Information to be included in advance informed consent forms for health care-associated pneumonia treatment trials remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE To identify and determine how to describe information to be included in an advance informed consent form for an early-enrollment noninferiority hospital-acquired and/or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) clinical trial. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A Delphi consensus process with stakeholders in HABP/VABP clinical trials was conducted using qualitative semistructured telephone interviews from June to August 2016, followed by 2 online surveys, the first from April to May 2017, and the second from September to October 2017. All stakeholders who participated in the interview were invited to participate in the first survey. Stakeholders who participated in the first survey were invited to participate in the second survey. Stakeholders were patients at risk of pneumonia, caregivers, representatives of institutional review boards, investigators, and study coordinators. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Description and consensus of information to be included in advance informed consent forms for early enrollment in noninferiority HABP/VABP clinical trials. RESULTS Suggestions from 52 stakeholders about what key informed consent concepts to include and how to explain them were used to create 3 categories to be included in an advance consent form: (1) reassurances on patient health and treatment, (2) rationale for advance consent and early enrollment, and (3) an explanation of noninferiority. At the end of the Delphi process, at least 80% consensus was reached among the 40 stakeholders who participated in the second online survey on each of the statements to include in the proposed consent text. Throughout the process, however, describing and reaching consensus on statements about noninferiority was more problematic than the other categories. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The stakeholders endorsed consent language to be used in combination with a strategy for enrolling patients at highest risk for pneumonia before infection onset. Data-driven consent language may help potential participants make informed decisions about their involvement in clinical research and improve enrollment rates, which are necessary to evaluate new treatments and improve patient care. The proposed consent language may be adapted for other trials using an early enrollment strategy and for noninferiority trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Corneli
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sara B. Calvert
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John H. Powers
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Brian Perry
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John J. Farley
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jonas Santiago
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Helen K. Donnelly
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Katelyn Blanchard
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Vance G. Fowler
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas L. Holland
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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15
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Wheeler SM, Massengale K, Adewumi K, Fitzgerald T, Dombeck C, Swezey T, Swamy G, Corneli A. 558: Increasing prompt prenatal care after a prior preterm birth: potential interventions from the patient perspective. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Wheeler SM, Massengale K, Adewumi K, Fitzgerald T, Dombeck C, Swezey T, Swamy G, Corneli A. 1014: When work does not support prenatal care: Patient experiences with employers during high risk pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Bechtel J, Chuck T, Forrest A, Hildebrand C, Panhuis J, Pattee SR, Comic-Savic S, Swezey T. Improving the quality conduct and efficiency of clinical trials with training: Recommendations for preparedness and qualification of investigators and delegates. Contemp Clin Trials 2019; 89:105918. [PMID: 31881391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.105918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) Investigator Qualification Project addresses the need for a more efficient and effective means of identifying qualified clinical investigators and delegates. Selection of investigators and delegates who are qualified by training and experience to conduct clinical trials is essential to safeguarding protections for study participants and ensuring data quality and integrity. Sponsors generally document investigator qualification through training on the principles of good clinical practice (GCP), as defined by the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), adopted by regulatory authorities in the United States, Japan and the European Union. Although these GCP principles provide an important foundation for promoting the conduct of quality clinical trials, the industry standard "one-size-fits-all" GCP training may not fully prepare investigators and delegates for conducting quality clinical trials. Routine GCP training alone may not be sufficient to prepare an inexperienced member of a site team, while repeating such training is unlikely to enhance the qualifications of an experienced researcher. The CTTI project team used findings from qualitative research activities, as well as input from an expert meeting with multiple stakeholders, to identify gaps and redundancies in the current training of investigators and their delegates and recommend practical, action-based solutions. CTTI provides recommendations on how to implement a more efficient and effective means of preparedness and qualification of investigators and delegates, determining whether a site team is a good fit for a particular protocol, and improving the quality of clinical trial conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Bechtel
- Society for Clinical Research Sites, 7250 Parkway Dr, Suite 405, Hannover, MD 21076, United States of America.
| | - Tina Chuck
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 125 Community Dr, Great Neck, NY 11021, United States of America.
| | - Annemarie Forrest
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27714, United States of America.
| | - Christine Hildebrand
- Amici Clinical Research, 34 E Somerset St, Raritan, NJ 08869, United States of America.
| | - Janette Panhuis
- Population Health Research Institute, 237 Barton St E, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
| | - Suzanne R Pattee
- US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, White Oak, Bldg. 51, Rm. 3328, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America.
| | - Sabrina Comic-Savic
- The Medicines Company, 8 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, NJ 07054, United States of America.
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27714, United States of America; Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, United States of America.
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18
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Wheeler SM, Massengale KEC, Blanchard KP, Fitzgerald TA, Swezey T, Swamy GK, Corneli A. Improving Uptake and Adherence to 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate in Non-Hispanic Black Women: A Mixed Methods Study of Potential Interventions from the Patient Perspective. Biores Open Access 2019; 8:155-161. [PMID: 31649831 PMCID: PMC6806361 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2019.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with a history of a preterm birth (PTB) are at high risk for recurrence. Weekly 17-hydroxyprogestrone caproate (17-P) injections can reduce the risk of recurrence in women with prior spontaneous PTB. PTB occurs disproportionately in non-Hispanic black (NHB) women, and uptake and adherence to 17-P among NHB women are lower compared to women in other racial/ethnic groups. Evidence-based interventions to improve 17-P uptake and adherence that incorporate women's perceptions and preferences are needed. Our objective was to identify women's perspectives and preferences for interventions to promote uptake of and adherence to 17-P, particularly among NHB women. We conducted an exploratory sequential mixed methods study using focus group discussions (FGDs), a survey, and in-depth interviews (IDIs). We recruited women with a history of PTB who self-identified as NHB for the FGDs and IDIs. Survey participation was open to any woman with a history of PTB regardless of their race and ethnicity. Women could only participate in one of the three data collection activities. Transcripts from the qualitative focus groups and in-depth interviews were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the quantitative survey. Eighty-two women participated in the study (FGDs [n = 7], surveys [n = 60], and IDIs [n = 15]). Suggested interventions were separated into two categories: (1) clinic-based interventions (i.e., interventions delivered during the clinical encounter) and (2) community-based interventions (i.e., interventions delivered outside of the clinical encounter). Clinic level interventions included improved clinic access and scheduling, same-day appointments, appointment reminders, making the clinic experience more comfortable for patients, and encouragement from providers. Interventions at the community level included increased 17-P awareness among support persons, employers, and community members and administration of 17-P outside the clinic setting. Our findings offer multiple potential interventions that could improve uptake of and adherence to 17-P for PTB prevention among NHB women. These proposed interventions have the potential to mitigate barriers to 17-P and narrow the disparity in PTB rates. Given the alarming and increasing rates of prematurity and PTB disparities, it is imperative to test, refine, and incorporate effective interventions into clinical practice. Our findings provide insights from patients that can help shape such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahn M Wheeler
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Thelma A Fitzgerald
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Geeta K Swamy
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy Corneli
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Swezey T, Reeve B, Hart T, Floor M, Dollar C, Gillies A, Tosi L. Incorporating the patient perspective in the study of rare bone disease: insights from the osteogenesis imperfecta community. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:507-511. [PMID: 30191258 PMCID: PMC6449303 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is limited research which examines health concerns of individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Discussion groups with leaders of the adult OI community identified a broad range of medical priorities beyond fractures and brittle bones. Our work underscores the need to include patient-reported outcomes in rare bone disease research. INTRODUCTION Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder affecting collagen protein leading to brittle bones and a number of other medical complications. To date, there is limited research which examines the life-long process of aging with this rare disease, much less the perspective of individuals with OI. METHODS In order to explore and prioritize health concerns that adults with OI feel have been inadequately addressed in health care and research, investigators held discussions with leaders from the global adult OI community. The meetings were held in August 2017 at the 13th International Conference on OI in Oslo, Norway as part of the preconference seminar "Patient Participation in OI Research". Investigators were part of the Brittle Bone Disease Consortium (BBDC), a multicenter research program devoted to the study of OI, and their focus was on patient-reported outcomes (PRO). RESULTS Participants noted that while fractures and brittle bones are the most common feature of OI, a number of body systems are under-studied in this disorder. They particularly emphasized breathing, hearing, and the effects of aging as primary concerns that researchers and physicians may not fully understand or address. Other areas included pain, gastrointestinal problems, mental health, nutrition, menopause/pregnancy, and basilar invagination. Participants also emphasized that they must be informed of study results. They underscored that outcome measures incorporated into future drug trials must look beyond fractures and consider the whole patient. CONCLUSIONS This work will help guide the incorporation of PROs into the next phase of the BBDC Natural History Study of OI and underscores the importance of including PROs in the study of rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Swezey
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - B.B. Reeve
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - T.S. Hart
- The Osteogenesis Imperfecta Foundation, Gaithersburg, MD USA
| | - M.K. Floor
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC USA
| | - C.M. Dollar
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC USA
| | - A.P. Gillies
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC USA
| | - L.L. Tosi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC USA
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Corneli A, Perry B, Collyar D, Powers JH, Farley JJ, Calvert SB, Santiago J, Donnelly HK, Swezey T, Dombeck CB, De Anda C, Fowler VG, Holland TL. Assessment of the Perceived Acceptability of an Early Enrollment Strategy Using Advance Consent in Health Care-Associated Pneumonia. JAMA Netw Open 2018; 1:e185816. [PMID: 30646295 PMCID: PMC6324354 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Better treatment options are needed in life-threatening infections, including health care-associated pneumonia. Enrolling patients in antibacterial clinical trials before diagnosis may circumvent existing time-to-enrollment constraints. However, the acceptability of an early enrollment strategy using advance consent is unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the perceived acceptability of an early enrollment strategy for enrolling patients in an antibacterial clinical trial before a pneumonia diagnosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This qualitative, descriptive study used semistructured telephone interviews. Framed within a planned noninferiority pneumonia antibiotic trial, an early enrollment strategy was described and perceptions were assessed. Using this strategy, patients give consent to enroll before developing pneumonia, to be monitored by study staff, and to be randomly assigned a study antibiotic if pneumonia develops. All interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Fifty-two key stakeholders from across the United States, including 18 patients at risk of pneumonia, 12 caregivers, 10 representatives of institutional review boards, 7 investigators, and 5 study coordinators, were interviewed from June 20 to August 19, 2016. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Perceived acceptability of the early enrollment strategy. RESULTS Among the 52 stakeholders interviewed (ages 29-75 years; 14 women), patients and caregivers expressed no concerns about patients being approached about participation before developing pneumonia; however, some patients may experience anxiety on learning about their risk for pneumonia. No concerns with study staff accessing patients' medical records were expressed. The clarity of consent information was important for understanding the study rather than having the condition under investigation. Among patients, caregivers, and institutional review board representatives, preferences varied regarding opt-out and precedent autonomy procedures. Nearly all patients would be willing to join a trial using the early enrollment strategy and caregivers would be willing to provide proxy consent. Institutional review board representatives were supportive of the strategy and made recommendations for the study protocol, primarily around informed consent. Investigators and study coordinators believed the strategy would not be burdensome and offered suggestions to ensure its feasibility. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Results of the study suggest that the early enrollment strategy is acceptable. Future research should evaluate whether the strategy improves enrollment rates in registrational pneumonia trials and in trials of other acute infection syndromes with narrow enrollment windows and/or patients with transient decisional incapacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Corneli
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brian Perry
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - John H. Powers
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - John J. Farley
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sara B. Calvert
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jonas Santiago
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Helen K. Donnelly
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carrie B. Dombeck
- Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Vance G. Fowler
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas L. Holland
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Abstract
As with all early-stage testing of investigational drugs, clinical trials targeting HIV/AIDS can pose unknown risks to research subjects. Unlike sick participants seeking a therapeutic benefit, the motivations and barriers for healthy volunteers are more complex and understudied. Drawing on interviews and clinical trial data from 178 healthy volunteers, we examine how they perceive HIV/AIDS studies in the early stages of testing. A subset of healthy volunteers see phase I HIV/AIDS studies as particularly risky for reasons ranging from fear of catching the disease or having long-lasting and uncomfortable side effects to inexplicable fears that they cannot even articulate. Some participants have had past negative experiences in such trials that inform these views, but others cite information from staff and other participants as influential. Healthy volunteers' general fears concerning AIDS also shape their views of participating in phase I HIV/AIDS clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julianne M. Kalbaugh
- Center for Bioethics, Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Teresa Swezey
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Jill A. Fisher
- Center for Bioethics, Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Pettifor A, Turner AN, Swezey T, Khan M, Raharinivo MSM, Randrianasolo B, Penman-Aguilar A, Van Damme K, Jamieson DJ, Behets F. Perceived control over condom use among sex workers in Madagascar: a cohort study. BMC Womens Health 2010; 10:4. [PMID: 20109195 PMCID: PMC2828400 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-10-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's perceived control over condom use has been found to be an important determinant of actual condom use in some studies. However, many existing analyses used cross-sectional data and little quantitative information exists to characterize the relationships between perceived control and actual condom use among sex worker populations. METHODS We assessed the association between measures of perceived condom use control and self-reported use of male condoms employing data from a longitudinal pilot study among 192 sex workers in Madagascar. RESULTS In multivariable models, a lack of perceived control over condom use with a main partner and having a main partner ever refuse to use a condom when asked were both associated with an increased number of sex acts unprotected by condoms in the past week with a main partner (RR 1.86; 95% CI 1.21-2.85; RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73, respectively). Conversely, no measure of condom use control was significantly associated with condom use with clients. CONCLUSION Perceived control over condom use was an important determinant of condom use with main partners, but not clients, among sex workers in Madagascar. Programs working with sex workers should reach out to main and commercial partners of sex workers to increase male condom use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Pettifor
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
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Penman-Aguilar A, Swezey T, Turner AN, Bell AJ, Ramiandrisoa FN, Legardy-Williams J, Randrianasolo B, Van Damme K, Dulyx J, Behets F, Jamieson DJ. Promoting continuous use as a strategy for achieving adherence in a trial of the diaphragm with candidate microbicide. AIDS Educ Prev 2009; 21:512-525. [PMID: 20030496 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2009.21.6.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Women need more choices for protection from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We conducted a randomized 4-week study in Madagascar in preparation for a Phase III randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the diaphragm with a candidate microbicide for STI prevention. All participants completed quantitative surveys; half participated in a qualitative interview. We advised women to wear the diaphragm at all times except for daily cleaning (rather than inserting it before intercourse). The objective of this analysis was to determine whether women who followed this "continuous use" approach more often used the diaphragm for 100% of sex acts as compared with other women. If so, this would support advising continuous diaphragm use in the upcoming RCT. To meet our objective, we analyzed qualitative data thematically, developed a measure of continuous diaphragm use based on qualitative data, and used multiple regression to evaluate the measure's association with adherence to diaphragm use during 100% of sex acts. Women who wore the diaphragm continuously had 4 times higher odds of reporting diaphragm use during 100% of sex acts (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2, 24.0). If the diaphragm proves effective against STI, continuous use may help women achieve high levels of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Penman-Aguilar
- Centers for Disease, Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
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Khan MR, Turner AN, Pettifor A, Van Damme K, Rabenja NL, Ravelomanana N, Swezey T, Williams D, Jamieson D, Behets F. Unmet need for contraception among sex workers in Madagascar. Contraception 2008; 79:221-7. [PMID: 19185677 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2008] [Revised: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was conducted to investigate past and future pregnancy preferences and contraceptive need among Malagasy sex workers. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed data on pregnancy and contraceptive use collected during the baseline visit of a randomized, prospective formative trial which assessed diaphragm and microbicide acceptability among sex workers. To be eligible, women could not be pregnant or planning pregnancy for the next 2 months. RESULTS Women (N=192) from four cities (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Mahajanga and Toamasina) reported a median of 10 sex acts per week. Fifty-two percent reported a prior unwanted pregnancy, 45% at least one induced abortion and 86% that preventing future pregnancy was moderately to very important. During the last sex act, 24% used a hormonal method, 36% used a male condom, 2% used a traditional method and 38% used no method. Nearly 30% of participants reported that pregnancy prevention was moderately or very important but used no contraception at last sex; these women were categorized as having "unmet need" for contraception. In multivariable binomial regression analyses, factors associated with unmet need included low knowledge of contraceptive effectiveness [age- and site-adjusted prevalence ratio (PR): 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-3.0] and low self-efficacy to negotiate condom use (age- and site-adjusted PR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.4-3.0). CONCLUSIONS Among these women, prior unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion were common and preventing future pregnancy was important, yet gaps in contraceptive use were substantial. Contraceptive knowledge and self-efficacy should be improved to promote contraceptive use by sex workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Khan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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