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Al-Shebel A, Michel G, Breiderhoff T, Müller D. Urinary Acidification Does Not Explain the Absence of Nephrocalcinosis in a Mouse Model of Familial Hypomagnesaemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1779. [PMID: 38339056 PMCID: PMC10855382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with mutations in Cldn16 suffer from familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) which can lead to renal insufficiency. Mice lacking claudin-16 show hypomagnesemia and hypercalciuria, but no nephrocalcinosis. Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate are the most common insoluble calcium salts that accumulate in the kidney in the case of nephrocalcinosis, however, the formation of these salts is less favored in acidic conditions. Therefore, urine acidification has been suggested to limit the formation of calcium deposits in the kidney. Assuming that urine acidification is causative for the absence of nephrocalcinosis in the claudin-16-deficient mouse model, we aimed to alkalinize the urine of these mice by the ablation of the subunit B1 of the vesicular ATPase in addition to claudin-16. In spite of an increased urinary pH in mice lacking claudin-16 and the B1 subunit, nephrocalcinosis did not develop. Thus, urinary acidification is not the only factor preventing nephrocalcinosis in claudin-16 deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Al-Shebel
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Geert Michel
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Research Institutes for Experimental Medicine, Transgenic Technologies, Robert Rössle Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Dominik Müller
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (D.M.)
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2
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Kröhn L, Azabdaftari A, Heuberger J, Hudert C, Zilbauer M, Breiderhoff T, Bufler P. Modulation of intestinal IL-37 expression and its impact on the epithelial innate immune response and barrier integrity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1261666. [PMID: 37799712 PMCID: PMC10548260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1261666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Intestinal epithelial cells separate the luminal flora from lamina propria immune cells and regulate innate immune responses in the gut. An imbalance of the mucosal immune response and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity contribute to the evolution of inflammatory bowel diseases. Interleukin (IL)-37 has broad anti- inflammatory activity and is expressed by the human intestinal epithelium. Mice ectopically expressing human IL-37 show reduced epithelial damage and inflammation after DSS-induced colitis. Here, we investigated the impact of IL-37 on the innate immune response and tight junction protein expression of mouse intestinal organoids and the modulation of IL37 expression in human intestinal organoids. Methods Murine intestinal organoids were generated from IL-37tg and wildtype mice. Human ileal organoids were generated from healthy young donors. Results Expression of transgene IL-37 or recombinant IL-37 protein did not significantly reduce overall proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in murine intestinal organoids. However, higher IL37 expression correlated with a reduced proinflammatory cytokine response in murine colonic organoids. IL37 mRNA expression in human ileal organoids was modulated by proinflammatory cytokines showing an increased expression upon TNF-α-stimulation and decreased expression upon IFN-gamma stimulation. Transgene IL-37 expression did not rescue TNF-α-induced changes in morphology as well as ZO-1, occludin, claudin-2, and E-cadherin expression patterns of murine jejunal organoids. Conclusions We speculate that the anti-inflammatory activity of IL-37 in the intestine is mainly mediated by lamina propria immune cells protecting intestinal epithelial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kröhn
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aline Azabdaftari
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Heuberger
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hudert
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Wellcome Trust–Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Bufler
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Sieckmann T, Schley G, Ögel N, Kelterborn S, Boivin FJ, Fähling M, Ashraf MI, Reichel M, Vigolo E, Hartner A, Lichtenberger FB, Breiderhoff T, Knauf F, Rosenberger C, Aigner F, Schmidt-Ott K, Scholz H, Kirschner KM. Strikingly conserved gene expression changes of polyamine regulating enzymes among various forms of acute and chronic kidney injury. Kidney Int 2023; 104:90-107. [PMID: 37121432 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The polyamines spermidine and spermine and their common precursor molecule putrescine are involved in tissue injury and repair. Here, we test the hypothesis that impaired polyamine homeostasis contributes to various kidney pathologies in mice during experimental models of ischemia-reperfusion, transplantation, rhabdomyolysis, cyclosporine treatment, arterial hypertension, diabetes, unilateral ureteral obstruction, high oxalate feeding, and adenine-induced injuries. We found a remarkably similar pattern in most kidney pathologies with reduced expression of enzymes involved in polyamine synthesis together with increased expression of polyamine degrading enzymes. Transcript levels of amine oxidase copper-containing 1 (Aoc1), an enzyme which catalyzes the breakdown of putrescine, were barely detectable by in situ mRNA hybridization in healthy kidneys. Aoc1 was highly expressed upon various experimental kidney injuries resulting in a significant reduction of kidney putrescine content. Kidney levels of spermine were also significantly reduced, whereas spermidine was increased in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Increased Aoc1 expression in injured kidneys was mainly accounted for by an Aoc1 isoform that harbors 22 additional amino acids at its N-terminus and shows increased secretion. Mice with germline deletion of Aoc1 and injured kidneys showed no decrease of kidney putrescine content; although they displayed no overt phenotype, they had fewer tubular casts upon ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hyperosmotic stress stimulated AOC1 expression at the transcriptional and post-transcription levels in metanephric explants and kidney cell lines. AOC1 expression was also significantly enhanced after kidney transplantation in humans. These data demonstrate that the kidneys respond to various forms of injury with down-regulation of polyamine synthesis and activation of the polyamine breakdown pathway. Thus, an imbalance in kidney polyamines may contribute to various etiologies of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Sieckmann
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schley
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Neslihan Ögel
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Kelterborn
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix J Boivin
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fähling
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad I Ashraf
- Department of Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emilia Vigolo
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Hartner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Falk-Bach Lichtenberger
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Knauf
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Rosenberger
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Aigner
- Department of Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Surgery, St. John of God Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kai Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Scholz
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin M Kirschner
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Kriuchkova N, Breiderhoff T, Müller D, Yilmaz DE, Demirci H, Drewell H, Günzel D, Himmerkus N, Bleich M, Persson PB, Mutig K. Furosemide rescues hypercalciuria in familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis model. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13927. [PMID: 36606514 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Perturbed calcium homeostasis limits life expectancy in familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC). This rare disease occurs by loss-of-function mutations in CLDN16 or CLDN19 genes, causing impaired paracellular reabsorption of divalent cations along the cortical thick ascending limb (cTAL). Only partial compensation takes place in the ensuing late distal convoluted tubule, connecting tubule, and collecting duct, where the luminal transient receptor potential channel V5 (TRPV5), as well as basolateral plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) and sodium-potassium exchanger (NCX1) mediate transcellular Ca2+ reabsorption. The loop diuretic furosemide induces compensatory activation in these distal segments. Normally, furosemide enhances urinary calcium excretion via inhibition of the aforementioned cTAL. As Ca2+ reabsorption in the cTAL is already severely impaired in FHHNC patients, furosemide may alleviate hypercalciuria in this disease by activation of the distal transcellular Ca2+ transport proteins. METHODS Cldn16-deficient mice (Cldn16-/- ) served as a FHHNC model. Wild-type (WT) and Cldn16-/- mice were treated with furosemide (7 days of 40 mg/kg bw) or vehicle. We assessed renal electrolyte handling (metabolic cages) and key divalent transport proteins. RESULTS Cldn16-/- mice show higher Ca2+ excretion than WT and compensatory stimulation of Cldn2, TRPV5, and NCX1 at baseline. Furosemide reduced hypercalciuria in Cldn16-/- mice and enhanced TRPV5 and PMCA levels in Cldn16-/- but not in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Furosemide significantly reduces hypercalciuria, likely via upregulation of luminal and basolateral Ca2+ transport systems in the distal nephron and collecting duct in this model for FHHNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kriuchkova
- Department of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Müller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Duygu Elif Yilmaz
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hasan Demirci
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoora Drewell
- Department of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Clinical Physiology/Division of Nutritional Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Markus Bleich
- Institute of Physiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Department of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Obtel N, Le Cabec A, Nguyen TN, Giabicani E, Van Malderen SJM, Garrevoet J, Percot A, Paris C, Dean C, Hadj‐Rabia S, Houillier P, Breiderhoff T, Bardet C, Coradin T, Ramirez Rozzi F, Chaussain C. Impact of claudin-10 deficiency on amelogenesis: Lesson from a HELIX tooth. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1516:197-211. [PMID: 35902997 PMCID: PMC9796262 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In epithelia, claudin proteins are important components of the tight junctions as they determine the permeability and specificity to ions of the paracellular pathway. Mutations in CLDN10 cause the rare autosomal recessive HELIX syndrome (Hypohidrosis, Electrolyte imbalance, Lacrimal gland dysfunction, Ichthyosis, and Xerostomia), in which patients display severe enamel wear. Here, we assess whether this enamel wear is caused by an innate fragility directly related to claudin-10 deficiency in addition to xerostomia. A third molar collected from a female HELIX patient was analyzed by a combination of microanatomical and physicochemical approaches (i.e., electron microscopy, elemental mapping, Raman microspectroscopy, and synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence). The enamel morphology, formation time, organization, and microstructure appeared to be within the natural variability. However, we identified accentuated strontium variations within the HELIX enamel, with alternating enrichments and depletions following the direction of the periodical striae of Retzius. These markings were also present in dentin. These data suggest that the enamel wear associated with HELIX may not be related to a disruption of enamel microstructure but rather to xerostomia. However, the occurrence of events of strontium variations within dental tissues might indicate repeated episodes of worsening of the renal dysfunction that may require further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Obtel
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance,AP‐HP Services de médecine bucco‐dentaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Bretonneau (CRMR phosphore et calcium, filière OSCAR et ERN Bond) and Charles Foix, FHU DDS‐netIle de FranceFrance
| | - Adeline Le Cabec
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199PessacFrance,Department of Human EvolutionMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
| | - Thè Nghia Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance
| | - Eloise Giabicani
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance
| | | | | | - Aline Percot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, De la Molécule aux Nano‐Objets: Réactivité, Interactions et Spectroscopies (MONARIS)ParisFrance
| | - Céline Paris
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, De la Molécule aux Nano‐Objets: Réactivité, Interactions et Spectroscopies (MONARIS)ParisFrance
| | - Christopher Dean
- Department of Earth Sciences, Centre for Human Evolution ResearchNatural History MuseumLondonUK,Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Smail Hadj‐Rabia
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM1163 Institut Imagine; APHP, Hôpital Necker‐Enfants Malades, Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Rare Skin DiseasesParisFrance
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS‐ERL8228ParisFrance,APHP, Service de Physiologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte (MARHEA), Hôpital Européen Georges PompidouParisFrance
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of PediatricsBerlinGermany
| | - Claire Bardet
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fernando Ramirez Rozzi
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance,Eco‐anthropologie (EA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRSUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Université Paris Cité, URP2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), FHU‐DDS‐net, IHMOA, Dental SchoolMontrougeFrance,AP‐HP Services de médecine bucco‐dentaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Bretonneau (CRMR phosphore et calcium, filière OSCAR et ERN Bond) and Charles Foix, FHU DDS‐netIle de FranceFrance
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6
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Quintanova C, Himmerkus N, Svendsen SL, von Schwerdtner O, Merkel C, Pinckert L, Mutig K, Breiderhoff T, Müller D, Günzel D, Bleich M. Unrecognized role of claudin-10b in basolateral membrane infoldings of the thick ascending limb. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:266-278. [PMID: 35996827 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Claudin-10b is an important component of the tight junction in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of Henle's loop and allows paracellular sodium transport. In immunofluorescence stainings, claudin-10b-positive cells exhibited extensive extra staining of basolateral, column-like structures. The precise localization and function have so far remained elusive. In isolated cortical TAL segments from C57BL/6J mice, kidney-specific claudin-10 knockout mice (cKO), and respective litter mates (WT), we investigated the localization and protein expression and function by fluorescence microscopy and electrophysiological measurements. Ultrastructural analysis of TAL in kidney sections was performed by electron microscopy. Claudin-10b colocalized with the basolateral Na+ -K+ ATPase and the Cl- channel subunit barttin, but the lack of claudin-10b did not influence the localization or abundance of these proteins. However, the accessibility of the basolateral infolded extracellular space to ouabain or fluorescein was increased by basolateral Ca2+ removal and in the absence of claudin-10b. Ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy revealed a widening of basolateral membrane infoldings in cKO in comparison to WT. We hypothesize that claudin-10b shapes neighboring membrane invaginations by trans interaction to stabilize and facilitate high-flux salt transport in a water-tight epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Himmerkus
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Samuel L Svendsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Physiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Cosima Merkel
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lennart Pinckert
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology, and Metabolic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology, and Metabolic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Bleich
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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7
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Breiderhoff T, Himmerkus N, Meoli L, Fromm A, Sewerin S, Kriuchkova N, Nagel O, Ladilov Y, Krug S, Quintanova C, Stumpp M, Garbe-Schönberg D, Westernströer U, Merkel C, Brinkhus M, Altmüller J, Schweiger M, Mueller D, Mutig K, Morawski M, Halbritter J, Milatz S, Bleich M, Günzel D. Claudin-10a Deficiency Shifts Proximal Tubular Cl - Permeability to Cation Selectivity via Claudin-2 Redistribution. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:699-717. [PMID: 35031570 PMCID: PMC8970455 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tight junction proteins claudin-2 and claudin-10a form paracellular cation and anion channels, respectively, and are expressed in the proximal tubule. However, the physiological role of claudin-10a in the kidney has been unclear. Methods To investigate the physiologic role of claudin-10a, we generated claudin-10a-deficient mice; confirmed successful knockout by Southern blot, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining; and analyzed urine and serum of knockout and wild-type animals. We also used electrophysiologic studies to investigate the functionality of isolated proximal tubules, and studied compensatory regulation by pharmacologic intervention, RNA sequencing analysis, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and respirometry. Results Mice deficient in claudin-10a were fertile and without overt phenotypes. Upon knockout, claudin-10a was replaced by claudin-2 in all proximal tubule segments. Electrophysiology showed conversion from paracellular anion preference to cation preference and a loss of paracellular Cl- over HCO3- preference. As a consequence, there was tubular retention of calcium and magnesium, higher urine pH, and mild hypermagnesemia. A comparison of other urine and serum parameters under control conditions and sequential pharmacologic transport inhibition, as well as unchanged fractional lithium excretion, suggested compensative measures in proximal and distal tubular segments. Changes in proximal tubular oxygen handling and differential expression of genes regulating fatty acid metabolism indicated proximal tubular adaptation. Western blot and immunofluorescence revealed alterations in distal tubular transport. Conclusions Claudin-10a is the major paracellular anion channel in the proximal tubule and its deletion causes calcium and magnesium hyperreabsorption by claudin-2 redistribution. Transcellular transport in proximal and distal segments and proximal tubular metabolic adaptation compensate for loss of paracellular anion permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Breiderhoff
- T Breiderhoff, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Medicine, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Himmerkus
- N Himmerkus, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Luca Meoli
- L Meoli, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Fromm
- A Fromm, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sewerin
- S Sewerin, Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Natalia Kriuchkova
- N Kriuchkova, Institute for Functional Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Nagel
- O Nagel, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yury Ladilov
- Y Ladilov, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Krug
- S Krug, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catarina Quintanova
- C Quintanova, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Meike Stumpp
- M Stumpp, Zoological Institute, Comparative Immunobiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Garbe-Schönberg
- D Garbe-Schönberg, Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrike Westernströer
- U Westernströer, Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cosima Merkel
- C Merkel, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Merle Brinkhus
- M Brinkhus, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- J Altmüller, Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Michal Schweiger
- M Schweiger, Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany
| | - Dominik Mueller
- D Mueller, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerim Mutig
- K Mutig, Institute for Functional Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- M Morawski, Leipzig University Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Halbritter
- J Halbritter, Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Milatz
- S Milatz, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Bleich
- M Bleich, Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- D Günzel, Clinical Physiology / Div. of Nutritional Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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8
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Prot-Bertoye C, Griveau C, Skjødt K, Cheval L, Brideau G, Lievre L, Ferriere E, Arbaretaz F, Garbin K, Zamani R, Marcussen N, Figueres L, Breiderhoff T, Muller D, Bruneval P, Houillier P, Dimke H. Differential localization patterns of claudin 10, 16, and 19 in human, mouse, and rat renal tubular epithelia. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F207-F224. [PMID: 34151590 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00579.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional properties of the paracellular pathway depend critically on the set of claudins (CLDN) expressed at the tight junction. Two syndromes are causally linked to loss-of-function mutations of claudins: hypohidrosis, electrolyte imbalance, lacrimal gland dysfunction, ichthyosis, and xerostomia (HELIX) syndrome caused by genetic variations in the CLDN10 gene and familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis caused by genetic variations in the CLDN16 or CLDN19 genes. All three genes are expressed in the kidney, particularly in the thick ascending limb (TAL). However, localization of these claudins in humans and rodents remains to be delineated in detail. We studied the segmental and subcellular expression of CLDN10, CLDN16, and CLDN19 in both paraffin-embedded and frozen kidney sections from the adult human, mouse, and rat using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. Here, CLDN10 was present in a subset of medullary and cortical TAL cells, localizing to basolateral domains and tight junctions in human and rodent kidneys. Weak expression was detected at the tight junction of proximal tubular cells. CLDN16 was primarily expressed in a subset of TAL cells in the cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla, restricted to basolateral domains and tight junctional structures in both human and rodent kidneys. CLDN19 predominantly colocalized with CLDN16 in tight junctions and basolateral domains of the TAL but was also found in basolateral and junctional domains in more distal sites. CLDN10 expression at tight junctions almost never overlapped with that of CLND16 and CLDN19, consistent with distinct junctional pathways with different permeation profiles in both human and rodent kidneys.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to investigate the distribution of claudin 10, 16, and 19 in the human, mouse, and rat kidney. The findings showed distinct junctional pathways in both human and rodent kidneys, supporting the existence of different permeation profiles in all species investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Prot-Bertoye
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Physiologie, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, Paris, France
| | - Camille Griveau
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Karsten Skjødt
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lydie Cheval
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Brideau
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Lievre
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Elsa Ferriere
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Floriane Arbaretaz
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie et de Cytométrie, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Garbin
- Centre d'Histologie, d'Imagerie et de Cytométrie, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Reza Zamani
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Marcussen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucile Figueres
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Muller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERL 8228-Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Physiologie, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, Paris, France
| | - Henrik Dimke
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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9
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Prot-Bertoye C, Figuères L, Ferrière E, Brideau G, Griveau C, Breiderhoff T, Müller D, Houillier P. L’hormone parathyroïdienne agit sur la claudine 10b et augmente la perméabilité paracellulaire relative au sodium dans la branche large ascendante corticale de l’anse de Henle. Nephrol Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Subkhangulova A, Malik AR, Hermey G, Popp O, Dittmar G, Rathjen T, Poy MN, Stumpf A, Beed PS, Schmitz D, Breiderhoff T, Willnow TE. SORCS1 and SORCS3 control energy balance and orexigenic peptide production. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201744810. [PMID: 29440124 PMCID: PMC5891432 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SORCS1 and SORCS3 are two related sorting receptors expressed in neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Using mouse models with individual or dual receptor deficiencies, we document a previously unknown function of these receptors in central control of metabolism. Specifically, SORCS1 and SORCS3 act as intracellular trafficking receptors for tropomyosin-related kinase B to attenuate signaling by brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a potent regulator of energy homeostasis. Loss of the joint action of SORCS1 and SORCS3 in mutant mice results in excessive production of the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related peptide and in a state of chronic energy excess characterized by enhanced food intake, decreased locomotor activity, diminished usage of lipids as metabolic fuel, and increased adiposity, albeit at overall reduced body weight. Our findings highlight a novel concept in regulation of the melanocortin system and the role played by trafficking receptors SORCS1 and SORCS3 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna R Malik
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Hermey
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Popp
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Rathjen
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew N Poy
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Stumpf
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Sanker Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Thomas E Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany .,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Klar J, Piontek J, Milatz S, Tariq M, Jameel M, Breiderhoff T, Schuster J, Fatima A, Asif M, Sher M, Mäbert K, Fromm A, Baig SM, Günzel D, Dahl N. Altered paracellular cation permeability due to a rare CLDN10B variant causes anhidrosis and kidney damage. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006897. [PMID: 28686597 PMCID: PMC5521874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins constitute the major component of tight junctions and regulate paracellular permeability of epithelia. Claudin-10 occurs in two major isoforms that form paracellular channels with ion selectivity. We report on two families segregating an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized anhidrosis, severe heat intolerance and mild kidney failure. All affected individuals carry a rare homozygous missense mutation c.144C>G, p.(N48K) specific for the claudin-10b isoform. Immunostaining of sweat glands from patients suggested that the disease is associated with reduced levels of claudin-10b in the plasma membranes and in canaliculi of the secretory portion. Expression of claudin-10b N48K in a 3D cell model of sweat secretion indicated perturbed paracellular Na+ transport. Analysis of paracellular permeability revealed that claudin-10b N48K maintained cation over anion selectivity but with a reduced general ion conductance. Furthermore, freeze fracture electron microscopy showed that claudin-10b N48K was associated with impaired tight junction strand formation and altered cis-oligomer formation. These data suggest that claudin-10b N48K causes anhidrosis and our findings are consistent with a combined effect from perturbed TJ function and increased degradation of claudin-10b N48K in the sweat glands. Furthermore, affected individuals present with Mg2+ retention, secondary hyperparathyroidism and mild kidney failure that suggest a disturbed reabsorption of cations in the kidneys. These renal-derived features recapitulate several phenotypic aspects detected in mice with kidney specific loss of both claudin-10 isoforms. Our study adds to the spectrum of phenotypes caused by tight junction proteins and demonstrates a pivotal role for claudin-10b in maintaining paracellular Na+ permeability for sweat production and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Klar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Milatz
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Asif
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Katrin Mäbert
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shahid M Baig
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Dorothee Günzel
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Bardet C, Ribes S, Wu Y, Diallo MT, Salmon B, Breiderhoff T, Houillier P, Müller D, Chaussain C. Claudin Loss-of-Function Disrupts Tight Junctions and Impairs Amelogenesis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:326. [PMID: 28596736 PMCID: PMC5442167 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins are a family of proteins that forms paracellular barriers and pores determining tight junctions (TJ) permeability. Claudin-16 and -19 are pore forming TJ proteins allowing calcium and magnesium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL). Loss-of-function mutations in the encoding genes, initially identified to cause Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC), were recently shown to be also involved in Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). In addition, both claudins were expressed in the murine tooth germ and Claudin-16 knockout (KO) mice displayed abnormal enamel formation. Claudin-3, an ubiquitous claudin expressed in epithelia including kidney, acts as a barrier-forming tight junction protein. We determined that, similarly to claudin-16 and claudin-19, claudin-3 was expressed in the tooth germ, more precisely in the TJ located at the apical end of secretory ameloblasts. The observation of Claudin-3 KO teeth revealed enamel defects associated to impaired TJ structure at the secretory ends of ameloblasts and accumulation of matrix proteins in the forming enamel. Thus, claudin-3 protein loss-of-function disturbs amelogenesis similarly to claudin-16 loss-of-function, highlighting the importance of claudin proteins for the TJ structure. These findings unravel that loss-of-function of either pore or barrier-forming TJ proteins leads to enamel defects. Hence, the major structural function of claudin proteins appears essential for amelogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bardet
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Sandy Ribes
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Yong Wu
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Mamadou Tidiane Diallo
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, and Reference Center for Rare Dieases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Nord Val de Seine Hospital (Bretonneau)Paris, France
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité University School of MedicineBerlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Cordeliers Research Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS 1138, Paris-Diderot, Pierre et Marie Curie and Paris Descartes Universities, ERLParis, France
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité University School of MedicineBerlin, Germany
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, and Reference Center for Rare Dieases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Nord Val de Seine Hospital (Bretonneau)Paris, France
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13
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Milatz S, Breiderhoff T. One gene, two paracellular ion channels—claudin-10 in the kidney. Pflugers Arch 2016; 469:115-121. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Giménez-Mascarell P, Oyenarte I, Hardy S, Breiderhoff T, Stuiver M, Kostantin E, Diercks T, Pey AL, Ereño-Orbea J, Martínez-Chantar ML, Khalaf-Nazzal R, Claverie-Martin F, Müller D, Tremblay ML, Martínez-Cruz LA. Structural Basis of the Oncogenic Interaction of Phosphatase PRL-1 with the Magnesium Transporter CNNM2. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:786-801. [PMID: 27899452 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.759944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRLs), the most oncogenic of all protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), play a critical role in metastatic progression of cancers. Recent findings established a new paradigm by uncovering that their association with magnesium transporters of the cyclin M (CNNM) family causes a rise in intracellular magnesium levels that promote oncogenic transformation. Recently, however, essential roles for regulation of the circadian rhythm and reproduction of the CNNM family have been highlighted. Here, we describe the crystal structure of PRL-1 in complex with the Bateman module of CNNM2 (CNNM2BAT), which consists of two cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domains (IPR000664) and represents an intracellular regulatory module of the transporter. The structure reveals a heterotetrameric association, consisting of a disc-like homodimer of CNNM2BAT bound to two independent PRL-1 molecules, each one located at opposite tips of the disc. The structure highlights the key role played by Asp-558 at the extended loop of the CBS2 motif of CNNM2 in maintaining the association between the two proteins and proves that the interaction between CNNM2 and PRL-1 occurs via the catalytic domain of the phosphatase. Our data shed new light on the structural basis underlying the interaction between PRL phosphatases and CNNM transporters and provides a hypothesis about the molecular mechanism by which PRL-1, upon binding to CNNM2, might increase the intracellular concentration of Mg2+ thereby contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. The availability of this structure sets the basis for the rational design of compounds modulating PRL-1 and CNNM2 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Giménez-Mascarell
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Serge Hardy
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marchel Stuiver
- the In-Cell NMR Laboratory, Department of NMR-supported Structural Biology, Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP Berlin), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elie Kostantin
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre.,Department of Biochemistry, and
| | - Tammo Diercks
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Angel L Pey
- the Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- the Metabolomics Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Reham Khalaf-Nazzal
- the Department of Biomedical Sciences, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestinian Territory, and
| | - Felix Claverie-Martin
- the Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Hospital, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dominik Müller
- the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany,
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, .,Department of Biochemistry, and.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Luis Alfonso Martínez-Cruz
- From the Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,
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15
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Bardet C, Courson F, Wu Y, Khaddam M, Salmon B, Ribes S, Thumfart J, Yamaguti PM, Rochefort GY, Figueres ML, Breiderhoff T, Garcia-Castaño A, Vallée B, Le Denmat D, Baroukh B, Guilbert T, Schmitt A, Massé JM, Bazin D, Lorenz G, Morawietz M, Hou J, Carvalho-Lobato P, Manzanares MC, Fricain JC, Talmud D, Demontis R, Neves F, Zenaty D, Berdal A, Kiesow A, Petzold M, Menashi S, Linglart A, Acevedo AC, Vargas-Poussou R, Müller D, Houillier P, Chaussain C. Claudin-16 Deficiency Impairs Tight Junction Function in Ameloblasts, Leading to Abnormal Enamel Formation. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:498-513. [PMID: 26426912 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Claudin-16 protein (CLDN16) is a component of tight junctions (TJ) with a restrictive distribution so far demonstrated mainly in the kidney. Here, we demonstrate the expression of CLDN16 also in the tooth germ and show that claudin-16 gene (CLDN16) mutations result in amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in the 5 studied patients with familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC). To investigate the role of CLDN16 in tooth formation, we studied a murine model of FHHNC and showed that CLDN16 deficiency led to altered secretory ameloblast TJ structure, lowering of extracellular pH in the forming enamel matrix, and abnormal enamel matrix protein processing, resulting in an enamel phenotype closely resembling human AI. This study unravels an association of FHHNC owing to CLDN16 mutations with AI, which is directly related to the loss of function of CLDN16 during amelogenesis. Overall, this study indicates for the first time the importance of a TJ protein in tooth formation and underlines the need to establish a specific dental follow-up for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bardet
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Frédéric Courson
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, and Reference Center for Rare Diseases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Nord Val de Seine Hospital, Bretonneau, France
| | - Yong Wu
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Science, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mayssam Khaddam
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Benjamin Salmon
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, and Reference Center for Rare Diseases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Nord Val de Seine Hospital, Bretonneau, France
| | - Sandy Ribes
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Julia Thumfart
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paulo M Yamaguti
- Division of Dentistry, Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Gael Y Rochefort
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Marie-Lucile Figueres
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris-Diderot, Pierre et Marie Curie and Paris Descartes Universities, CNRS ERL 8228, Paris, France
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Castaño
- Department of Genetics, AP-HP, and Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Vallée
- Laboratory CRRET, Paris-Est University, CNRS, Créteil, France
| | - Dominique Le Denmat
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Brigitte Baroukh
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Thomas Guilbert
- Cochin Institute, Plate-Forme d'Imagerie Photonique, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Descartes University Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Cochin Institute, Transmission Electron Microscopy Platform, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Descartes University Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Massé
- Cochin Institute, Transmission Electron Microscopy Platform, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Descartes University Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bazin
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and LCMCP-UPMC, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Georg Lorenz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Halle, Germany
| | - Maria Morawietz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Halle, Germany
| | - Jianghui Hou
- Division of Renal Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patricia Carvalho-Lobato
- Human Anatomy and Embryology, Health University of Barcelona Campus-Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Cristina Manzanares
- Human Anatomy and Embryology, Health University of Barcelona Campus-Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Fricain
- CHU Bordeaux, Dental School, U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | - Deborah Talmud
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Régional (CHR) d'Orléans, Orleans, France
| | | | - Francisco Neves
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UNB), Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Delphine Zenaty
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, AP-HP, Paris Diderot University, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris-Diderot, Pierre et Marie Curie and Paris Descartes Universities, CNRS ERL 8228, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Kiesow
- Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Petzold
- Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Halle, Germany
| | - Suzanne Menashi
- Laboratory CRRET, Paris-Est University, CNRS, Créteil, France
| | - Agnes Linglart
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, AP-HP, Paris Sud University, School of Medicine, and Reference Center for Rare Diseases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Paris, France
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Division of Dentistry, Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Rosa Vargas-Poussou
- Department of Genetics, AP-HP, and Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Houillier
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris-Diderot, Pierre et Marie Curie and Paris Descartes Universities, CNRS ERL 8228, Paris, France.,Department of Physiology, AP-HP, and Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, and Reference Center for Rare Diseases of the Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorus, Nord Val de Seine Hospital, Bretonneau, France
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16
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Reuter E, Weber J, Paterka M, Ploen R, Breiderhoff T, van Horssen J, Willnow TE, Siffrin V, Zipp F. Role of Sortilin in Models of Autoimmune Neuroinflammation. J Immunol 2015; 195:5762-9. [PMID: 26566674 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The proneurotrophin receptor sortilin is a protein with dual functions, being involved in intracellular protein transport, as well as cellular signal transduction. The relevance of the receptor for various neuronal disorders, such as dementia, seizures, and brain injury, is well established. In contrast, little is known about the role of sortilin in immune cells and inflammatory diseases. The aim of our study was to elucidate the distribution of sortilin in different immune cell types in mice and humans and to analyze its function in autoimmune CNS inflammation. Sortilin was expressed most profoundly in murine and human macrophages and dendritic cells and to a much lesser extent in B and T cells. In dendritic cells, sortilin had an impact on Ag processing. Accordingly, sortilin was highly expressed by infiltrated perivascular myeloid cells, mainly in vessel cuffs, in the CNS of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease of the CNS. Yet, sortilin gene-targeted mice (Sort1(-/-)) and chimeras deficient in sortilin in the immune system were as susceptible as wild-type littermates to T cell-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Considering our results and recent data from other investigators, we conclude that the proneurotrophin receptor sortilin plays a role in innate, rather than in adaptive, immune processes and, thus, not in autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Reuter
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Juliane Weber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena Paterka
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Ploen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tilman Breiderhoff
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Jack van Horssen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Volker Siffrin
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frauke Zipp
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
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17
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Kjolby M, Andersen OM, Breiderhoff T, Fjorback AW, Pedersen KM, Madsen P, Jansen P, Heeren J, Willnow TE, Nykjaer A. Sort1, encoded by the cardiovascular risk locus 1p13.3, is a regulator of hepatic lipoprotein export. Cell Metab 2010; 12:213-23. [PMID: 20816088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed strong association of hypercholesterolemia and myocardial infarction with SNPs on human chromosome 1p13.3. This locus covers three genes: SORT1, CELSR2, and PSRC1. We demonstrate that sortilin, encoded by SORT1, is an intracellular sorting receptor for apolipoprotein (apo) B100. It interacts with apoB100 in the Golgi and facilitates the formation and hepatic export of apoB100-containing lipoproteins, thereby regulating plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Absence of sortilin in gene-targeted mice reduces secretion of lipoproteins from the liver and ameliorates hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic lesion formation in LDL receptor-deficient animals. In contrast, sortilin overexpression stimulates hepatic release of lipoproteins and increases plasma LDL levels. Our data have uncovered a regulatory pathway in hepatic lipoprotein export and suggest a molecular explanation for the cardiovascular risk being associated with 1p13.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Kjolby
- The Lundbeck Foundation Research Center MIND, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aarhus University, Denmark
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18
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Will C, Breiderhoff T, Thumfart J, Stuiver M, Kopplin K, Sommer K, Günzel D, Querfeld U, Meij IC, Shan Q, Bleich M, Willnow TE, Müller D. Targeted deletion of murine Cldn16 identifies extra- and intrarenal compensatory mechanisms of Ca2+ and Mg2+ wasting. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 298:F1152-61. [PMID: 20147368 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00499.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-16 (CLDN16) is critical for renal paracellular epithelial transport of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) in the thick ascending loop of Henle. To gain novel insights into the role of CLDN16 in renal Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) homeostasis and the pathological mechanisms underlying a human disease associated with CLDN16 dysfunction [familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC), OMIM 248250], we generated a mouse model of CLDN16 deficiency. Similar to patients, CLDN16-deficient mice displayed hypercalciuria and hypomagnesemia. Contrary to FHHNC patients, nephrocalcinosis was absent in our model, indicating the existence of compensatory pathways in ion handling in this model. In line with the renal loss of Ca(2+), compensatory mechanisms like parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) were significantly elevated. Also, gene expression profiling revealed transcriptional upregulation of several Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) transport systems including Trpv5, Trpm6, and calbindin-D9k. Induced gene expression was also seen for the transcripts of two putative Mg(2+) transport proteins, Cnnm2 and Atp13a4. Moreover, urinary pH was significantly lower when compared with wild-type mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that loss of CLDN16 activity leads to specific alterations in Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) homeostasis and that CLDN16-deficient mice represent a useful model to further elucidate pathways involved in renal Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Will
- Dept. of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité, CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Jansen P, Giehl K, Nyengaard JR, Teng K, Lioubinski O, Sjoegaard SS, Breiderhoff T, Gotthardt M, Lin F, Eilers A, Petersen CM, Lewin GR, Hempstead BL, Willnow TE, Nykjaer A. Roles for the pro-neurotrophin receptor sortilin in neuronal development, aging and brain injury. Nat Neurosci 2007; 10:1449-57. [PMID: 17934455 DOI: 10.1038/nn2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are essential for development and maintenance of the vertebrate nervous system. Paradoxically, although mature neurotrophins promote neuronal survival by binding to tropomyosin receptor kinases and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)), pro-neurotrophins induce apoptosis in cultured neurons by engaging sortilin and p75(NTR) in a death-signaling receptor complex. Substantial amounts of neurotrophins are secreted in pro-form in vivo, yet their physiological significance remains unclear. We generated a sortilin-deficient mouse to examine the contribution of the p75(NTR)/sortilin receptor complex to neuronal viability. In the developing retina, Sortilin 1 (Sort1)(-/-) mice showed reduced neuronal apoptosis that was indistinguishable from that observed in p75(NTR)-deficient (Ngfr(-/-)) mice. To our surprise, although sortilin deficiency did not affect developmentally regulated apoptosis of sympathetic neurons, it did prevent their age-dependent degeneration. Furthermore, in an injury protocol, lesioned corticospinal neurons in Sort1(-/-) mice were protected from death. Thus, the sortilin pathway has distinct roles in pro-neurotrophin-induced apoptotic signaling in pathological conditions, but also in specific stages of neuronal development and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Jansen
- MIND Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ole Worms Allé 1170, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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20
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Petersen HH, Andreassen TK, Breiderhoff T, Bräsen JH, Schulz H, Gross V, Gröne HJ, Nykjaer A, Willnow TE. Hyporesponsiveness to glucocorticoids in mice genetically deficient for the corticosteroid binding globulin. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:7236-45. [PMID: 16980625 PMCID: PMC1592889 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00400-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) is the carrier for glucocorticoids in plasma. The protein is believed to keep the steroids inactive and to regulate the amount of free hormone acting on target tissues (free hormone hypothesis). Here, we generated a mouse model genetically deficient for CBG to test the contribution of the carrier to glucocorticoid action and adrenocortical stress response. The absence of CBG resulted in a lack of corticosterone binding activity in serum and in an approximately 10-fold increase in free corticosterone levels in CBG-null mice, consistent with its role in regulation of circulating free hormone levels. Surprisingly, cbg(-/-) animals did not exhibit features seen in organisms with enhanced glucocorticoid signaling. Rather, the mice exhibited increased activity of the pituitary axis of hormonal control, normal levels of gluconeogenetic enzymes, and fatigue, as well as an aggravated response to septic shock, indicating an inability to appropriately respond to the excess free corticosterone in the absence of CBG. Thus, our data suggest an active role for CBG in bioavailability, local delivery, and/or cellular signal transduction of glucocorticoids that extends beyond a function as a mere cargo transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Heibroch Petersen
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical School, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Andersen OM, Reiche J, Schmidt V, Gotthardt M, Spoelgen R, Behlke J, von Arnim CAF, Breiderhoff T, Jansen P, Wu X, Bales KR, Cappai R, Masters CL, Gliemann J, Mufson EJ, Hyman BT, Paul SM, Nykjaer A, Willnow TE. Neuronal sorting protein-related receptor sorLA/LR11 regulates processing of the amyloid precursor protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:13461-6. [PMID: 16174740 PMCID: PMC1224625 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0503689102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
sorLA (Sorting protein-related receptor) is a type-1 membrane protein of unknown function that is expressed in neurons. Its homology to sorting receptors that shuttle between the plasma membrane, endosomes, and the Golgi suggests a related function in neuronal trafficking processes. Because expression of sorLA is reduced in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), we tested involvement of this receptor in intracellular transport and processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta), the principal component of senile plaques. We demonstrate that sorLA interacts with APP in vitro and in living cells and that both proteins colocalize in endosomal and Golgi compartments. Overexpression of sorLA in neurons causes redistribution of APP to the Golgi and decreased processing to Abeta, whereas ablation of sorLA expression in knockout mice results in increased levels of Abeta in the brain similar to the situation in AD patients. Thus, sorLA acts as a sorting receptor that protects APP from processing into Abeta and thereby reduces the burden of amyloidogenic peptide formation. Consequently, reduced receptor expression in the human brain may increase Abeta production and plaque formation and promote spontaneous AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav M Andersen
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Stobrawa SM, Breiderhoff T, Takamori S, Engel D, Schweizer M, Zdebik AA, Bösl MR, Ruether K, Jahn H, Draguhn A, Jahn R, Jentsch TJ. Disruption of ClC-3, a chloride channel expressed on synaptic vesicles, leads to a loss of the hippocampus. Neuron 2001; 29:185-96. [PMID: 11182090 DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Several plasma membrane chloride channels are well characterized, but much less is known about the molecular identity and function of intracellular Cl- channels. ClC-3 is thought to mediate swelling-activated plasma membrane currents, but we now show that this broadly expressed chloride channel is present in endosomal compartments and synaptic vesicles of neurons. While swelling-activated currents are unchanged in mice with disrupted ClC-3, acidification of synaptic vesicles is impaired and there is severe postnatal degeneration of the retina and the hippocampus. Electrophysiological analysis of juvenile hippocampal slices revealed no major functional abnormalities despite slightly increased amplitudes of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. Mice almost lacking the hippocampus survive and show several behavioral abnormalities but are still able to acquire motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Stobrawa
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universität Hamburg, Martinistrasse 85, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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23
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Abstract
ClC-4 and ClC-5, together with ClC-3, form a distinct branch of the CLC chloride channel family. Although ClC-5 was shown to be mainly expressed in endocytotic vesicles, expression of ClC-5 in Xenopus oocytes elicited chloride currents. We now show that ClC-4 also gives rise to strongly outwardly rectifying anion currents when expressed in oocytes. They closely resemble ClC-5 currents with which they share a NO3- > Cl- > Br- > I- conductance sequence that differs from that reported for the highly homologous ClC-3. Both ClC-4 and ClC-5 currents are reduced by lowering extracellular pH. We could measure similar currents after expressing either channel in HEK293 cells. To demonstrate that these currents are directly mediated by the channel proteins, we introduced several point mutations that change channel characteristics. In ClC-5, several point mutations alter the kinetics of activation but leave macroscopic rectification and ion selectivity unchanged. A mutation (N565K) equivalent to a mutation reported to have profound effects on ClC-3 does not have similar effects on ClC-5. Moreover, a mutation at the end of D2 (S168T in ClC-5) changes ion selectivity, and a mutation at the end of D3 (E211A in ClC-5 and E224A in ClC-4) changes voltage dependence and ion selectivity. This shows that ClC-4 and ClC-5 can directly mediate plasma membrane currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Friedrich
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg (ZMNH), Hamburg University, Martinistrabetae 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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