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Ultrasound imaging for evaluation of impalement-related injuries to the oral cavity in pediatric patients: a case series study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:241-248. [PMID: 36696028 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACK GROUND An impalement-related injury to the oral cavity is common in pediatric patients at emergency department. A computed tomography evaluation is not always suitable in these cases. Herein, we aimed to present oral sonography findings from six pediatric patients presenting with impalement-related injury to the oral cavity. CASE SERIES All included patients were younger than 4 years and sustained injuries with a toothbrush, chopstick, water gun, and fork to the tonsils, submandibular gland area, uvula, and under the tongue. CONCLUSION Ultrasound imaging appeared useful in helping diagnose impalement-related injuries lateral to the midline.
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Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles-Mediated Cytotoxic Effect in Colorectal Cancer Cells: NF-κB Signal Induced Apoptosis Through Autophagy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3272-3286. [PMID: 33236292 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have demonstrated promising effects, including cytotoxicity and anticancer potential, in different cell lines. Therefore, in our previous study, Ag-NPs were synthesized from the reduction of AgNO3 using Brassica rapa var. japonica (Bj) leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized Ag-NPs were spherical in shape, with a size range of 15-30 nm. They had phase-centered cubic structure with strong growth inhibition potential against some bacteria. In continuation with our previous study, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the autophagy-regulated cytotoxic effect of Ag-NPs against human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2 cells). We found that the Bj leaf aqueous extract facilitated Brassica silver nanoparticles (Brassica Ag-NPs)-induced NF-κB mediated autophagy in Caco-2 cells. Results showed that Ag-NPs reduced cell viability of Caco-2 cells by inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage. Therefore, to understand the mechanism underlying the death-promoting activity of Ag-NPs in Caco-2 cells, western blotting was performed. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of NFκB and increased expression of IκB, which is a sign of autophagy initiation. In addition, autophagosome formation was accelerated by the activity of p53 and light chain 3 (LC3) II. In addition, inhibition of Akt and mTOR also played a pivotal role in autophagy formation. Finally, excessive expansion of autophagy promoted apoptosis, which subsequently resulted in necrosis. These findings support a novel cell death-promoting function of autophagy by Ag-NPs in Caco-2 cells.
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Evaluation of the mixed-oxide fuel melting limit at low burnups / Ermittlung der Schmelzgrenze für Mischoxid-Brennstoff bei kleinen Abbränden. KERNTECHNIK 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-1990-550220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zinc-pretreatment triggers glutathione and Nrf2-mediated protection against inorganic mercury-induced cytotoxicity and intrinsic apoptosis in PC12 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111320. [PMID: 32947215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a hazardous metal, poses environmental problems with severe human health effects; whereas zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient with antioxidant properties. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Zn on inorganic Hg-induced cytotoxicity in the PC12 cells. The cells were treated with HgCl2 (5 μM) for 48 h with/without 1 h prior ZnCl2-treatment (100 μM) and deliberated for further analysis. After 48 h of incubation with only Hg2+, the cell showed reduced cell viability, compromised cell membrane, DNA degradation, depleted glutathione level, ROS generation and drastically increased apoptosis. Subsequently, Hg2+-treated cells demonstrated a significant downregulation of akt, mTOR, ERK1, Nrf2, HO1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and upregulation of p53, Bax, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3, indicating intrinsic apoptosis induction. However, cells pretreated with Zn2+ before Hg2+-exposure showed a significant improvement in cell viability, cell membrane, DNA damage, glutathione level, ROS amount and apoptotic cells, with a significant upregulation in mTOR, akt, ERK1, Nrf2, HO1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and downregulation in p53, Bax, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3, indicating inhibition of apoptosis. The findings suggested that Zn2+-pretreatment not only improves glutathione content but also induces activation of Nrf2-HO1 pathway, which would tend to suppress Hg-cytotoxicity.
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Selenium modulates inorganic mercury induced cytotoxicity and intrinsic apoptosis in PC12 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111262. [PMID: 32916531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) in its all forms, including inorganic Hg (iHg) is an environmental contaminant due to toxicity and diseases in human. However, a little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for iHg toxicity. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, recognized as an antioxidant and protective agent against metal toxicities. The purpose of this research was to investigate ameliorations of Se counter to iHg-mediated toxicity in PC12 cells. Cytotoxic assays have been shown that iHg (5 μM) caused oxidative stress and intrinsic apoptosis via ROS generation, oxidizing glutathione, damaging DNA, degrading cell membrane integrity, down-regulating mTOR, p-mTOR, akt and ERK1, and up-regulating cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c release in PC12 cells 48 h after incubation. Co-treatment of Se (5 μM) inhibited intrinsic apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by iHg (5 μM) via inhibiting ROS formation, boosting GPx contents, increasing reduced glutathione, limiting DNA degradation, improving cell membrane integrity, up-regulating mTOR, p-mTOR, akt, ERK1 and caspase 3, and down-regulating cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c leakage in PC12 cells. In conclusion, these results recommended that excessive ROS generation acts a critical role in iHg-influenced oxidative stress and co-treatment of Se attenuates iHg-cytotoxicity through its antioxidant properties.
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Amelioration of butylated hydroxytoluene against inorganic mercury induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial apoptosis in PC12 cells via antioxidant effects. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111819. [PMID: 33091556 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal, well-known for its dangerous health effects on human. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a phenolic component generally consumed as a food additive as an antioxidant. However, BHT induced antioxidant properties against heavy metals-influenced toxicity are little studied. We hypothesized that BHT has a regulatory effect on Hg-induced cytotoxicity. The objective of this research was to assess the protecting effects of BHT against inorganic Hg (iHg)-toxicity in PC12 cells, where cells were treated with/without HgCl2 (Hg2+) (5 μM) and BHT (100 μM) for 48 h and analyzed further. Cells treated by Hg caused a significant cell viability reduction, membrane damage, glutathione reduction, DNA fragmentation, ROS generation, with suppressed expressions of akt, mTOR, ERK1, Nrf2 and HO1; and elevated apoptotic expressions of p53, Bax, cytochrome c and active caspase 3. However, BHT and Hg2+ co-exposure showed prevention against Hg2+-toxicity by improving GSH content and inhibiting ROS generation and oxidative stress mediated damages. Additionally, BHT co-treatment inverted the pro-apoptotic proteins by augmenting pro-survival regulatory proteins akt, mTOR, ERK1, Nrf2 and HO1. These findings proved that BHT inhibits Hg2+-toxicity, hindering ROS generation and intrinsic apoptosis, via enhancing glutathione and antioxidants; and suggested BHT implications as therapeutic.
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Maternal green tea extract intake during lactation attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation in adult male rats exposed to a continuous high-fat diet from the foetal period. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:5231. [PMID: 34908919 PMCID: PMC8634344 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.5231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal lipid intake in the early postnatal period has a long-term effect on the possibility of fatty liver formation in children; besides, the importance of lipid consumption during lactation for children’s health has been suggested. Green tea extract (GTE) contains abundant catechins, and it has been reported to improve lipid metabolism and prevent fatty liver. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maternal GTE intake during lactation on hepatic lipid accumulation in adult male rats exposed to a continuous high-fat (HF) diet from the foetal period. Methods Pregnant Wistar rats received diets containing 13% (control-fat, CON) or 45% (high-fat, HF) fat. CON-fed mothers received the same diet during lactation, whereas HF-fed mothers received either HF diet alone or HF diet supplemented with 0.24% GTE. At weaning, male offspring were divided into three groups, i.e. CON/CON/CON, HF/HF/HF (HF-offspring) or HF/HF+GTE/HF (GTE-offspring), and were fed until 51 weeks. Results A significant hepatic triglyceride (Tg) accumulation was observed in the HF-offspring when compared with the other offspring. This is presumed to be caused by the promotion of Tg synthesis derived from exogenous fatty acid due to a significant increase in diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 and a decrease in Tg expenditure caused by decreasing microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. On the other hand, attenuated hepatic Tg accumulation was observed in the GTE-offspring. The levels of the hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes were improved to the same level as the CON-offspring, and particularly, MTTP was significantly increased as compared with the HF-offspring. Conclusion This study indicates the potential protective effects of maternal GTE intake during lactation on HF diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in adult male rat offspring and the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Effects of curcumin, D-pinitol alone or in combination in cytotoxicity induced by arsenic in PC12 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Complications after Surgical Correction of Anorectal Malformations. HONG KONG JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr2017047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Curcumin alleviates arsenic-induced toxicity in PC12 cells via modulating autophagy/apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110756. [PMID: 32464442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a recognized highly toxic contaminant, responsible for numerous human diseases and affecting many millions of people in different parts of the world. Contrarily, curcumin is a natural dietary polyphenolic compound and the main active ingredient in turmeric. Recently it has drawn great attention due to its diverse biological activities, strong antioxidant properties and therapeutic potential against many human ailments. In this study, we aimed to explore the protective effects and the regulatory role of curcumin on arsenic-induced toxicity and gain insights into biomolecular mechanism/s. Arsenic (10 μM) treatment in PC12 cells for 24 h induced cytotoxicity by decreasing cell viability and intracellular glutathione level and increasing lactate dehydrogenase activity and DNA fragmentation. In addition, arsenic caused apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells, which were confirmed from flow cytometry results. Moreover, arsenic (10 μM) treatment significantly down-regulated the inhibition factors of autophagy/apoptosis; mTOR, Akt, Nrf2, ERK1, Bcl-x, Xiap protein expressions, up-regulated the enhanced factors of autophagy/apoptosis; ULK, LC3, p53, Bax, cytochrome c, caspase 9, cleaved caspase 3 proteins and eventually caused autophagic and apoptotic cell death. However, curcumin (2.5 μM) pretreatment with arsenic (10 μM) effectively saves PC12 cells against arsenic-induced cytotoxicity through increasing cell viability, intracellular GSH level and boosting the antioxidant defense system, and limiting the LDH activity and DNA damage. Furthermore, pretreatment of curcumin with arsenic expressively alleviated arsenic-induced toxicity and cell death by reversing the expressions of proteins; mTOR, Akt, Nrf2, ERK1, Bcl-x, Xiap, ULK, LC3, p53, Bax, cytochrome c, caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3. Our findings indicated that curcumin showed antioxidant properties through the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway and alleviates arsenic-triggered toxicity in PC12 cells by regulating autophagy/apoptosis.
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Regulatory effects of dihydrolipoic acid against inorganic mercury-mediated cytotoxicity and intrinsic apoptosis in PC12 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110238. [PMID: 32036095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an extremely dangerous environmental contaminant, responsible for human diseases including neurological disorders. However, the mechanisms of inorganic Hg (iHg)-induced cell death and toxicity are little known. Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) is the reduced form of a naturally occurring compound lipoic acid, which act as a potent antioxidant through multiple mechanisms. So we hypothesized that DHLA has an inhibitory role on iHg-cytotoxicity. The purposes of this research were to investigate mechanism/s of cytotoxicity of iHg, as well as, the cyto-protection of DHLA against iHg induced toxicity using PC12 cells. Treatment of PC12 cells with HgCl2 (Hg2+) (0-2.5 μM) for 48 h resulted in significant toxic effects, such as, cell viability loss, high level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, DNA damage, cellular glutathione (GSH) level decrease and increased Hg accumulation. In addition, protein level expressions of akt, p-akt, mTOR, GR, NFkB, ERK1, Nrf2 and HO-1 in cells were downregulated; and cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c release were upregulated after Hg2+ (2.5 μM) exposure and thus inducing apoptosis. Hg2+induced apoptosis was also confirmed by flow cytometry. However, pretreatment with DHLA (50 μM) for 3 h before Hg2+ (2.5 μM) exposure showed inhibition against iHg2+-induced cytotoxicity by reversing cell viability loss, LDH release, DNA damage, GSH decrease and inhibiting Hg accumulation. Moreover, DHLA pretreatment reversed the protein level expressions of akt, p-akt, mTOR, GR, NFkB, ERK1, Nrf2, HO-1, cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c. In conclusion, results showed that DHLA could attenuate Hg2+-induced cytotoxicity via limiting Hg accumulation, boosting up of antioxidant defense, and inhibition of apoptosis in cells.
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Investigating the protective actions of D-pinitol against arsenic-induced toxicity in PC12 cells and the underlying mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 74:103302. [PMID: 31786496 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is awfully toxic metalloid responsible for many human diseases all over the world. Contrastingly, D-pinitol is a naturally occurring bioactive dietary compound has antioxidant properties. The objective of this study is to elucidate the protective actions of D-pinitol on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and explore its controlling role in biomolecular mechanisms in PC12 cells. Obtained results demonstrated that co-exposure of D-pinitol with arsenic increases cell viability, decreases DNA damage and protects PC12 cells from arsenic-induced cytotoxicity by increasing glutathione (GSH) level and glutathione reductase (GR). Protein expression of western blot analysis showed that co-exposure of D-pinitol and arsenic significantly inhibited arsenic-induced autophagy which further suppressed apoptosis through up-regulation of survival factors; mTOR, p-mTOR, Akt, p-Akt, NF-кB, Nrf2, ERK1, GR, Bcl-x and down-regulation of death factors; p53, Bax, cytochrome c, LC3, although arsenic regulated those factors negatively. These results of this study suggested that D-pinitol protects PC12 cells from arsenic-induced cytotoxicity.
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Carvacrol inhibits cadmium toxicity through combating against caspase dependent/independent apoptosis in PC12 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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14
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Long-term effects of maternal resveratrol intake during lactation on cholesterol metabolism in male rat offspring. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:226-234. [PMID: 31290360 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1639638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) can protect against non-communicable diseases by improving cholesterol metabolism. However, it is unclear that effects of maternal RSV intake on health of adult offspring. In this study, we examined effects of maternal RSV intake during lactation on cholesterol metabolism in adult male rat offspring. Female Wistar rats were fed a control diet (CON) supplemented with or without RSV (20 mg/kg body weight/day) during their lactation period. Male offspring were weaned onto a standard diet and maintained on this diet for 36 weeks. As a result, plasma cholesterol level significantly decreased in RSV offspring compared to CON offspring. Furthermore, a decrease in hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase level and an increase in hepatic LDL-receptor level were observed in the RSV offspring. These results indicate that maternal RSV intake causes long-term decrease in plasma cholesterol level in the offspring through suppression of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and promotion of hepatic cholesterol uptake.
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Selenium and zinc protections against metal-(loids)-induced toxicity and disease manifestations: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:146-163. [PMID: 30384162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metals are ubiquitous in the environment due to huge industrial applications in the form of different chemicals and from extensive mining activities. The frequent exposures to metals and metalloids are crucial for the human health. Trace metals are beneficial for health whereas non-essential metals are dangerous for the health and some are proven etiological factors for diseases including cancers and neurological disorders. The interactions of essential trace metals such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) with non-essential metals viz. lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) in biological system are very critical and complex. A huge number of studies report the protective role of Se and Zn against metal toxicity, both in animal and cellular levels, and also explain the numerous mechanisms involved. However, it has been considered that a tiny dyshomeostasis in the metals/trace metals status in biological system could induce severe deleterious effects that can manifest to numerous diseases. Thus, in this particular review, we have demonstrated the critical protection mechanism/s of Se and Zn against Cd, Pb, As and Hg toxicity in a one by one manner to clarify the up-to-date findings and perspectives. Furthermore, biomolecular consequences are comprehensively presented in light of particular cellular/biomolecular events which are somehow linked to a subsequent disease. The analyzed reports support significant protection potential of Se and Zn, either alone or in combination with other agents, against each of the abovementioned non-essential metals. However, Se and Zn are still not being used as detoxifying agents due to some unexplained reasons. We hypothesized that Se could be a potential candidate for detoxifying As and Hg regardless of their chemical speciations, but requires intensive clinical trials. However, particularly Zn-Hg interaction warrants more investigations both in animal and cellular level.
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Ameliorative effects of selenium on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells via modulating autophagy/apoptosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 196:453-466. [PMID: 29324385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is well known toxicant responsible for human diseases including cancers. On the other hand, selenium is an essential trace element with significant chemopreventive effects, anticancer potentials and antioxidant properties. Although previous studies have reported antagonism/synergism between arsenic and selenium in biological systems, the biomolecular mechanism/s is still inconclusive. Therefore, to elucidate the molecular phenomena in cellular level, we hypothesized that co-exposure of selenium with arsenic may have suppressive effects on arsenic-induced cytotoxicity. We found that selenium in co-exposure with arsenic increases cell viability, and suppresses oxidative stress induced by arsenic in PC12 cells. Consequently, DNA fragmentation due to arsenic exposure was also reduced by arsenic and selenium co-exposure. Furthermore, western blot analyses revealed that simultaneous exposure of both metals significantly inhibited autophagy which further suppressed apoptosis through positively regulation of key proteins; p-mTOR, p-Akt, p-Foxo1A, p62, and expression of ubiquitin, Bax, Bcl2, NFкB, and caspases 3 and 9, although those are negatively regulated by arsenic. In addition, reverse transcriptase PCR analysis confirmed the involvement of caspase cascade in cell death process induced by arsenic and subsequent inhibition by co-exposure of selenium with arsenic. The cellular accumulation study of arsenic in presence/absence of selenium via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirmed that selenium effectively retarded the uptake of arsenic in PC12 cells. Finally, these findings imply that selenium is capable to modulate arsenic-induced intrinsic apoptosis pathway via enhancement of mTOR/Akt autophagy signaling pathway through employing antioxidant potentials and through inhibiting the cellular accumulation of arsenic in PC12 cells.
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Brassica rapa var. japonica Leaf Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Crystalline Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Stability, Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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18
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Myricetin enhances on apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in PC12 cells mediated by mitochondrial signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 57:175-180. [PMID: 29278807 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have many beneficial effects and an effective disease therapeutic auxiliary drug. Previously, myricetin, a polyphenol, had been reported to possess various biological effects on human physiology. However, mechanism of myricetin on apoptosis induced in PC12 cells is still unclear. PC12 cells were treated with myricetin in two concentration levels comprising 0.1 and 1 μM under serum-free condition. As a result, morphological changes were observed using trypan blue assay. DNA fragmentation was determined by DNA ladder assay to evaluate DNA damage levels. Western blotting results showed that cytosolic cytochrome c which was released from mitochondria. Subsequently, tumor suppressor gene p53, pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were expressed. The caspase cascade reaction was induced through caspase 3 and 9 expression. From these results, it is suggested that myricetin significantly enhanced the apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in a dose-dependent manner in PC12 cells.
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A systematic review on silver nanoparticles-induced cytotoxicity: Physicochemical properties and perspectives. J Adv Res 2018; 9:1-16. [PMID: 30046482 PMCID: PMC6057238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have become one of the most in-demand nanoparticles owing to their exponential number of uses in various sectors. The increased use of Ag-NPs-enhanced products may result in an increased level of toxicity affecting both the environment and living organisms. Several studies have used different model cell lines to exhibit the cytotoxicity of Ag-NPs, and their underlying molecular mechanisms. This review aimed to elucidate different properties of Ag-NPs that are responsible for the induction of cellular toxicity along with the critical mechanism of action and subsequent defense mechanisms observed in vitro. Our results show that the properties of Ag-NPs largely vary based on the diversified synthesis processes. The physiochemical properties of Ag-NPs (e.g., size, shape, concentration, agglomeration, or aggregation interaction with a biological system) can cause impairment of mitochondrial function prior to their penetration and accumulation in the mitochondrial membrane. Thus, Ag-NPs exhibit properties that play a central role in their use as biocides along with their applicability in environmental cleaning. We herein report a current review of the synthesis, applicability, and toxicity of Ag-NPs in relation to their detailed characteristics.
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Key Words
- Ag+, silver ions
- Ag-NPs, silver nanoparticles
- Cytotoxicity
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- GSH, glutathione
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- Mechanism
- NPs, nanoparticles
- PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone
- Physiochemical properties
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Silver nanoparticles
- TMRE, tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester
- TT, toxicity threshold
- ppm, parts per million
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Early morning off symptom in patients with Parkinson disease. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Evaluation of muscle MRI pattern in neuromuscular disease. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Risk factors for febrile neutropenia (FN) in unresectable/recurrent pancreatic cancer(PC) patients(pts) receiving FOLFIRINOX (FFX) from JASPAC06 study. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Factors affecting the one-step test in patients after Achilles tendon repair. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Incidence for graft rupture and contralateral injury after anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Different roles of the monkey dorsolateral prefrontal, premotor and posterior parietal cortices in a delayed response task revealed by functional disturbance by on-line rTMS. Brain Stimul 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Humic acid induces the endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at Ser1177 and Thr495 Via Hsp90α and Hsp90β upregulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:223-231. [PMID: 23836447 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) has been implicated as a contributory factor for blackfoot disease, which is an endemic peripheral vascular disease. We investigated the effect of HA on the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to evaluate the involvement of eNOS and related factors in peripheral vascular impairment with HA exposure. Treatment of HUVECs with HA induced upregulation of eNOS. This result coincides with those of previous studies. Furthermore this is the first study to report that HA induces upregulation of heat shock protein (Hsp)90α, Hsp90β, eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177, and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495, as compared to that in the control. In contrast, treatment with BAPTA, an intracellular Ca(2+) chelator, inhibited upregulation of these proteins induced by HA. This study demonstrates that HA treatment leads to increases in both Hsp90α and Hsp90β proteins and indicates that Hsp90α leads to eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and that Hsp90β leads to eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495, respectively. Upregulation of eNOS, Hsp90α, and Hsp90β in HUVECs is regulated by intracellular Ca(2+) accumulation induced by HA. These results suggest that upregulation of eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495 produce NO and superoxide anions, respectively, resulting in generation of peroxynitrite, which causes impairment of vascular endothelial cells.
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Effects of peat fires on the characteristics of humic acid extracted from peat soil in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2384-2395. [PMID: 24781330 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
When peat forest fires happen, it leads to burn soil and also humic acids as a dominant organic matter contained in peat soil as well as the forest. The structure and properties of humic acids vary depending on their origin and environment, therefore the transformation of humic acid is also diverse. The impacts of the peat fires on peat soil from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia were investigated through the characterization of humic acids, extracted from soil in burnt and unburnt sites. The characterization of humic acids was performed by elemental composition, functional groups, molecular weight by HPSEC, pyrolysate compounds by pyrolysis-GC/MS, fluorescence spectrum by 3DEEM spectrofluorometer, and thermogravimetry. The elemental composition of each humic substance indicated that the value of H/C and O/C of humic acids from burnt sites were lower than that from unburnt sites. The molecular weight of humic acids from burnt sites was also lower than that from unburnt sites. Pyrolysate compounds of humic acids from unburnt sites differed from those of humic acids from burnt soil. The heating experiment showed that burning process caused the significant change in the properties of humic acids such as increasing the aromaticity and decreasing the molecular weight.
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Mechanism of the toxicity induced by natural humic acid on human vascular endothelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:916-925. [PMID: 23042718 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA), a group of high-molecular weight organic compounds characterized by an ability to bind heavy metals, is normally found in natural water. Although the impairment of vascular endothelial cells in the presence of humic substances has been reported to be involved in some diseases, the mechanisms responsible for this involvement remain unclear. In this study, we examined the cytotoxicity of HA obtained from peatland in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, to human vascular endothelial cells, as well as the mechanisms behind these effects. It was found that 50 mg/L HA showed cytotoxicity, which we considered to be mediated by apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway because of an increase in the expression of caspases 6 and 9 in response to HA administration. In addition, this cytotoxicity was enhanced when cells in this experimental system were exposed to oxidative stress, while it was decreased by the addition of vitamin C. Thus, we conclude that the apoptosis induced by HA depends upon oxidative stress. Furthermore, an iron chelator, DFO, showed a tendency to decrease HA-induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that iron may potentially mediate HA-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, long-term consumption of HA-rich water obtained from our study area may cause damage to endothelial cells and subsequent chronic health problems.
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Changes in the expression of epigenetic factors during copper-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2014; 49:1023-1028. [PMID: 24798901 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2014.894847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research on copper toxicity the mechanisms involved are not fully characterized. There have been many recent reports concerning the relationship between epigenetic factors and cell metabolism, but the effects of copper exposure on epigenetic factors have not been investigated. In this study, an in vitro culture system was employed to study the influence of copper on apoptosis and epigenetic factors in PC12 cells. When PC12 cells were exposed to copper, DNA damage was observed as DNA fragmentation. In addition, cytosolic cytochrome c levels were increased by copper treatment. These results suggested that copper induced apoptosis via an oxidative stress pathway. This was consistent with the observation that copper-induced apoptosis was enhanced by further oxidative stress induced by exposing cells to H₂O₂. In addition, the epigenetic factors were significantly increased in apoptotic cells following exposure to copper and oxidative stress.
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Increase in tetrahydrobiopterin concentration with aging in the cerebral cortex of the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 strain caused by abnormal regulation of tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. Biogerontology 2013; 14:491-501. [PMID: 23933678 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
6R-L-Erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and is a risk factor for cognitive decline and brain atrophy. Previous studies have shown that the decline in TH activity in the cerebral cortex of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) mice is caused, at least in part, by a decrease in Fe, ferritin, and TH phosphorylation. We determined the concentrations of BH4 and the enzymes GTP cyclohydrolase-1,6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase and sepiapterin reductase (SPR) in the de novo pathway of BH4 biosynthesis. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which converts BH2 to BH4 in the salvage pathway of BH4 synthesis was also determined in the cerebral cortex of SAM mice at 3 and 12 months of age. The BH4 concentration was measured by HPLC, and the protein levels of enzymes involved in BH4 synthesis were measured by western blot analysis. At 12 months of age, BH4 concentration in the cerebral cortex of SAMP10 mice showed significantly higher values as compared to that of control mice. Further, the protein level of SPR in SAMP10 mice was significantly higher than that in SAMR1 mice at 3 and 12 months of age. In contrast to SPR, the protein level of DHFR in SAMP10 mice was significantly lower than that in SAMR1 mice. These results indicate that abnormal regulation of BH4 metabolism occurs in the cerebral cortex of SAMP10 where the dysfunction of the salvage pathway of BH4 synthesis may cause overproduction of BH4 through the de novo pathway, which is considered characteristic in the cerebral cortex of SAMP10 with aging. Therefore, there is a possibility that the excess amounts of BH4 lead to age-related brain dysfunction in the cerebral cortex of SAMP10.
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Abstract
The FIB-4 index is a simple formula to predict liver fibrosis based on the standard biochemical values (AST, ALT and platelet count) and age. We here investigated the utility of the index for noninvasive prediction of progression in liver fibrosis. The time-course alteration in the liver fibrosis stage between paired liver biopsies and the FIB-4 index was examined in 314 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The average interval between liver biopsies was 4.9 years. The cases that showed a time-course improvement in the fibrosis stage exhibited a decrease in the FIB-4 index, and those that showed deterioration in the fibrosis stage exhibited an increase in the FIB-4 index with a significant correlation (P < 0.001). Increase in the ΔFIB-4 index per year was an independent predictive factor for the progression in liver fibrosis with an odds ratio of 3.90 (P = 0.03). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the ΔFIB-4 index/year for the prediction of advancement to cirrhosis was 0.910. Using a cut-off value of the ΔFIB-4 index/year <0.4 or ≥ 0.4, the cumulative incidence of fibrosis progression to cirrhosis at 5 and 10 years was 34% and 59%, respectively in patients with the ΔFIB-4 index/year ≥0.4, whereas it was 0% and 3% in those with the ΔFIB-4 index/year <0.4 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, measurement of the time-course changes in the FIB-4 index is useful for the noninvasive and real-time estimation of the progression in liver fibrosis.
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Evaluation of Newspaper Articles for Coverage of Public Reporting Data: A Case Study of Unadjusted Cancer Survival Data. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012; 43:95-100. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hys190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Deficiency of catecholamine syntheses caused by downregulation of phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase in the cerebral cortex of the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 strain with aging. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2012; 56:68-74. [PMID: 22738763 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the alteration of catecholamine metabolism and the contribution of catecholamines to the decline of learning and memory in the brain of the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) with aging. Catecholamines and their metabolites in the cerebral cortex were measured by HPLC-ECD. The protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) as well as TH phosphorylated at Ser19 or Ser40, dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH), and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) were determined by western blot analysis. Dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) levels in SAMP10 were significantly lower than those in control animals. However, no significant difference was observed in catecholamine metabolite levels between SAMP10 and control mice. The level of TH phosphorylation at Ser40 in SAMP10 was significantly lower than that in control mice, but no significant difference was observed in the levels of TH, TH phosphorylated at Ser19, or DβH. The amount of PKA, which regulates the phosphorylation of TH at Ser40, was significantly lower in SAMP10 than in control mice. The present study demonstrated that a decline in DA and NE concentrations was observed in the cerebral cortex of SAMP10 with aging, and this decrease of catecholamine levels was caused by impairment of their synthetic pathway. These impairments are considered to be caused by downregulation of TH phosphorylation at Ser40 as a result of PKA deficiency. The present study suggests that the decline of learning and memory abilities of SAMP10 is caused by a decrease in catecholamine synthesis in the cerebral cortex with aging.
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Diethyl phthalate enhances apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in PC12 cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2012; 111:113-9. [PMID: 22348465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2012.00869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, to examine the mechanism of diethyl phthalate toxicity to cells, the effects of diethyl phthalate on apoptosis in a PC12 cell system were investigated by assaying apoptotic factors such as caspase-3, Bax, cytochrome c and DNA damage. Diethyl phthalate was shown to enhance the apoptosis induced by serum deprivation according to the results of DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL signal assays, although it could not induce apoptosis itself in the cells. This enhancement was thought to be because of an increase in caspase-3-like activity. In addition, the expression of bax and contents of cytochrome c in the cytosol showed a tendency to increase the cells exposed to diethyl phthalate. These results indicated that diethyl phthalate, a potential endocrine disrupter, affects the apoptotic system in PC12 cells. Diethyl phthalate may enhance oxidative stress such as that induced by reactive oxygen species in PC12 cells.
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Effects of parabens on apoptosis induced by serum-free medium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2012; 47:196-204. [PMID: 22375591 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.634341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acids (parabens), an endocrine disrupter, are used as preservatives in cosmetics and foods. In this study, to understand the relationship between parabens and differentiation in infants, the effects of parabens on apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in PC12 cells were investigated. In addition, apoptosis-related factors were assayed. As results, a tendency toward enhancement of apoptosis was observed in the cells cultured in the serum-free medium with methylparaben, and this tendency was suggested to be related to the contents of BAD, a pro-apoptotic protein. Butylparaben did not show any tendency to enhance apoptosis.
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Metal concentrations of river water and sediments in West Java, Indonesia. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 87:669-673. [PMID: 21979139 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To determine the water environment and pollutants in West Java, the contents of metals and general water quality of the Ciliwung River in the Jakarta area were measured. High Escherichia coli number (116-149/mL) was detected downstream in the Ciliwung River. In addition to evaluate mercury pollution caused by gold mining, mercury contents of water and sediment samples from the Cikaniki River, and from paddy samples were determined. The water was not badly polluted. However, toxic metals such as mercury were detected at levels close to the baseline environmental standard of Indonesia (0.83-1.07 μg/g of sediments in the Cikaniki River). From analyses of the paddy samples (0.08 μg/g), it is considered that there is a health risk caused by mercury.
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40
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Effects of anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention program on lower extremity alignment, isokinetic muscle strength and electromyographic activity. Br J Sports Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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41
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42
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Experimental study of capillary trapping on the pore scale for various sandstone cores. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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P27-13 A hemodynamic study of self-face recognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): Relation with ASD severities and self-consciousness. Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)61086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Comparison of general water quality of rivers in Indonesia and Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2009; 156:317-329. [PMID: 18758982 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In Java and Kalimantan in Indonesia, river water plays important roles in human life; for example, for transportation, and economic activities of the inhabitants. However, industrial, agricultural and domestic water is discarded into rivers directly in many developing countries, including Indonesia, since drainage systems have not been completely constructed. In this study, to evaluate the water quality and to compare those levels of environmental contaminants in developing and developed countries, water quality and contents of endocrine disrupters were measured in a total of 64 water samples (Indonesia; 28 samples and Japan; 36 samples) from 53 sites. The results indicated that, rivers in both capital cities, Jakarta and Tokyo, were contaminated. Water in rivers in Indonesia was not so heavily polluted as in Japan. Pollution in the river water in Indonesia appeared to be caused by the lack of sewerage systems. In addition, the findings on endocrine disrupters indicated that the concentration of alkylphenol in water samples was large enough to affect living organisms.
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The validity of the fNIRS recording in the prefrontal cortex for lie detection. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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46
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Abstract: P658 NEUTROPHILS INFILTRATION AND GENERATION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN A HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70826-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Effects of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in PC12 cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2008; 43:471-475. [PMID: 18665982 DOI: 10.1080/03601230802174573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, one of the endocrine disrupters, widely used for agricultural and medicinal purpose, on apoptosis in PC12 cells were investigated using western blotting analysis and reverse transcriptase-DNA polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Apoptosis is a fundamental process necessary for development of individuals and organs. Although gamma -HCH at high concentration did not have an effect on cell viability and apoptosis, DNA fragmentation was slightly enhanced, and apoptotic factors; Bax, Bad, cytochrome c and caspase-3 showed tendency to increase by the addition of a low dose of gamma-HCH to the cell medium. However these changes were not statistically significant. It was concluded that gamma -HCH did not affect on apoptosis in the PC12 cell line system, although gamma -HCH has been reported to induce apoptosis in other cell lines.
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Mechanism of apoptosis induced by copper in PC12 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:2157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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50
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Opioid Rotation from Oral Morphine to Oral Oxycodone in Cancer Patients with Intolerable Adverse Effects: An Open-Label Trial. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2008; 38:296-304. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyn010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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