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Solomon SD, Ostrominski JW, Vaduganathan M, Claggett B, Jhund PS, Desai AS, Lam CSP, Pitt B, Senni M, Shah SJ, Voors AA, Zannad F, Abidin IZ, Alcocer-Gamba MA, Atherton JJ, Bauersachs J, Ma CS, Chiang CE, Chioncel O, Chopra V, Comin-Colet J, Filippatos G, Fonseca C, Gajos G, Goland S, Goncalvesová E, Kang SM, Katova T, Kosiborod MN, Latkovskis G, Lee APW, Linssen GCM, Llamas-Esperón G, Mareev V, Martinez FA, Melenovský V, Merkely B, Nodari S, Petrie MC, Saldarriaga CI, Saraiva JFK, Sato N, Schou M, Sharma K, Troughton R, Udell JA, Ukkonen H, Vardeny O, Verma S, von Lewinski D, Voronkov LG, Yilmaz MB, Zieroth S, Lay-Flurrie J, van Gameren I, Amarante F, Viswanathan P, McMurray JJV. Baseline characteristics of patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: The FINEARTS-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38733212 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To describe the baseline characteristics of participants in the FINEARTS-HF trial, contextualized with prior trials including patients with heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF). The FINEARTS-HF trial is comparing the effects of the non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone with placebo in reducing cardiovascular death and total worsening HF events in patients with HFmrEF/HFpEF. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with symptomatic HF, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥40%, estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 25 ml/min/1.73 m2, elevated natriuretic peptide levels and evidence of structural heart disease were enrolled and randomized to finerenone titrated to a maximum of 40 mg once daily or matching placebo. We validly randomized 6001 patients to finerenone or placebo (mean age 72 ± 10 years, 46% women). The majority were New York Heart Association functional class II (69%). The baseline mean LVEF was 53 ± 8% (range 34-84%); 36% of participants had a LVEF <50% and 64% had a LVEF ≥50%. The median N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was 1041 (interquartile range 449-1946) pg/ml. A total of 1219 (20%) patients were enrolled during or within 7 days of a worsening HF event, and 3247 (54%) patients were enrolled within 3 months of a worsening HF event. Compared with prior large-scale HFmrEF/HFpEF trials, FINEARTS-HF participants were more likely to have recent (within 6 months) HF hospitalization and greater symptoms and functional limitations. Further, concomitant medications included a larger percentage of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors than previous trials. CONCLUSIONS FINEARTS-HF has enrolled a broad range of high-risk patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF. The trial will determine the safety and efficacy of finerenone in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John W Ostrominski
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Akshay S Desai
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore & Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bertram Pitt
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michele Senni
- University Bicocca Milan, Italy, and, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm Clinical Investigation Centre, CHU, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - John J Atherton
- Cardiology Research Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Chang-Sheng Ma
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases 'Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu', University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vijay Chopra
- Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure and Research, Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, CIBER-CV, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Cândida Fonseca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Grzegorz Gajos
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sorel Goland
- Heart Failure Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Gustavs Latkovskis
- Latvian Center of Cardiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Alex Pui-Wai Lee
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gerard C M Linssen
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Group Twente, Almelo, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vyacheslav Mareev
- University Clinic of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Savina Nodari
- Department of Cardiology, University of Brescia and ASST 'Spedali Civili' Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Naoki Sato
- Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Kavita Sharma
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Troughton
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jacob A Udell
- Women's College Hospital and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Orly Vardeny
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dirk von Lewinski
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Leonid G Voronkov
- National Scientific Center, Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Shelley Zieroth
- Section of Cardiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Ilse van Gameren
- Bayer, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Wang X, Vaduganathan M, Claggett BL, Hegde SM, Pabon M, Kulac IJ, Vardeny O, O’Meara E, Zieroth S, Katova T, McGrath MM, Pouleur AC, Jhund PS, Desai AS, Inzucchi SE, Kosiborod MN, de Boer RA, Kober L, Sabatine MS, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Shah SJ, Hernandez AF, Langkilde AM, McMurray JJ, Solomon SD, Lam CS. Sex Differences in Characteristics, Outcomes, and Treatment Response With Dapagliflozin Across the Range of Ejection Fraction in Patients With Heart Failure: Insights From DAPA-HF and DELIVER. Circulation 2023; 147:624-634. [PMID: 36342789 PMCID: PMC9974767 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.062832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have emerged as a key pharmacotherapy in heart failure (HF) with both reduced and preserved ejection fraction. The benefit of other HF therapies may be modified by sex, but whether sex modifies the treatment effect and safety profile of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors remains unclear. Our analyses aim to assess the effect of sex on the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin. METHODS In a prespecified patient-level pooled analysis of DAPA-HF (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure) and DELIVER (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure), clinical outcomes were compared by sex (including the composite of cardiovascular death or worsening HF events, cardiovascular death, all-cause death, total events [first and recurrent HF hospitalization and cardiovascular death], and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores) across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction. RESULTS Of a total of 11 007 randomized patients, 3856 (35%) were women. Women with HF were older and had higher body mass index but were less likely to have a history of diabetes and myocardial infarction or stroke and more likely to have hypertension and atrial fibrillation compared with men. At baseline, women had higher ejection fraction but worse Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores than men did. After adjustment for baseline differences, women were less likely than men to experience cardiovascular death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.60-0.79]), all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.62-0.78]), HF hospitalizations (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.72-0.94]), and total events (adjusted rate ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.71-0.84]). Dapagliflozin reduced the primary end point in both men and women similarly (Pinteraction=0.77) with no sex-related differences in secondary outcomes (all Pinteraction>0.35) or safety events. The benefit of dapagliflozin was observed across the entire ejection fraction spectrum and was not modified by sex (Pinteraction>0.40). There were no sex-related differences in serious adverse events, adverse events, or drug discontinuation attributable to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS In DAPA-HF and DELIVER, the response to dapagliflozin was similar between men and women. Sex did not modify the treatment effect of dapagliflozin across the range of ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian L. Claggett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sheila M. Hegde
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Pabon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ian J. Kulac
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Orly Vardeny
- The Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Eileen O’Meara
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Shelley Zieroth
- Section of Cardiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martina M. McGrath
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne-Catherine Pouleur
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc; Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pardeep S. Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Akshay S. Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mikhail N. Kosiborod
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Kober
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc S. Sabatine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,TIMI Study Group, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Sanjiv J. Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adrian F. Hernandez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Scott D. Solomon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Co-corresponding authors
| | - Carolyn S.P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore & Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Co-corresponding authors
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Butt JH, Jhund PS, Belohlávek J, de Boer RA, Chiang CE, Desai AS, Drożdż J, Hernandez AF, Inzucchi SE, Katova T, Kitakaze M, Kosiborod MN, Lam CS, Maria Langkilde A, Lindholm D, Bachus E, Martinez F, Merkely B, Petersson M, Saraiva JFK, Shah SJ, Vaduganathan M, Vardeny O, Wilderäng U, Claggett BL, Solomon SD, McMurray JJ. Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin According to Frailty in Patients With Heart Failure: A Prespecified Analysis of the DELIVER Trial. Circulation 2022; 146:1210-1224. [PMID: 36029465 PMCID: PMC9815819 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is increasing in prevalence. Because patients with frailty are often perceived to have a less favorable risk/benefit profile, they may be less likely to receive new pharmacologic treatments. We investigated the efficacy and tolerability of dapagliflozin according to frailty status in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction randomized in DELIVER (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure). METHODS Frailty was measured using the Rockwood cumulative deficit approach. The primary end point was time to a first worsening heart failure event or cardiovascular death. RESULTS Of the 6263 patients randomized, a frailty index (FI) was calculable in 6258. In total, 2354 (37.6%) patients had class 1 frailty (FI ≤0.210; ie, not frail), 2413 (38.6%) had class 2 frailty (FI 0.211-0.310; ie, more frail), and 1491 (23.8%) had class 3 frailty (FI ≥0.311; ie, most frail). Greater frailty was associated with a higher rate of the primary end point (per 100 person-years): FI class 1, 6.3 (95% CI 5.7-7.1); class 2, 8.3 (7.5-9.1); and class 3, 13.4 (12.1-14.7; P<0.001). The effect of dapagliflozin (as a hazard ratio) on the primary end point from FI class 1 to 3 was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.68-1.06), 0.89 (0.74-1.08), and 0.74 (0.61-0.91), respectively (Pinteraction=0.40). Although patients with a greater degree of frailty had worse Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores at baseline, their improvement with dapagliflozin was greater than it was in patients with less frailty: placebo-corrected improvement in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Overall Summary Score at 4 months in FI class 1 was 0.3 (95% CI, -0.9 to 1.4); in class 2, 1.5 (0.3-2.7); and in class 3, 3.4 (1.7-5.1; Pinteraction=0.021). Adverse reactions and treatment discontinuation, although more frequent in patients with a greater degree of frailty, were not more common with dapagliflozin than with placebo irrespective of frailty class. CONCLUSIONS In DELIVER, frailty was common and associated with worse outcomes. The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent across the range of frailty studied. The improvement in health-related quality of life with dapagliflozin occurred early and was greater in patients with a higher level of frailty. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT03619213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad H. Butt
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.H.B., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark (J.H.B.)
| | - Pardeep S. Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.H.B., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Jan Belohlávek
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.)
| | | | - Chern-En Chiang
- General Clinical Research Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan (C.-E.C.)
| | - Akshai S. Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (A.S.D.)
| | - Jarosław Drożdż
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland (J.D.)
| | | | | | - Tzvetana Katova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.)
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.)
| | | | - Carolyn S.P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.)
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (A.M.L., D.L., E.B., M.P., U.W.)
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (A.M.L., D.L., E.B., M.P., U.W.)
| | - Erasmus Bachus
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (A.M.L., D.L., E.B., M.P., U.W.)
| | | | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.)
| | - Magnus Petersson
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (A.M.L., D.L., E.B., M.P., U.W.)
| | - Jose F. Kerr Saraiva
- Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.)
| | - Sanjiv J. Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.)
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.V., B.L.C., S.D.S.)
| | - Orly Vardeny
- Minneapolis VA Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota (O.V.)
| | - Ulrica Wilderäng
- Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (A.M.L., D.L., E.B., M.P., U.W.)
| | - Brian L. Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.V., B.L.C., S.D.S.)
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.V., B.L.C., S.D.S.)
| | - John J.V. McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.H.B., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
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Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Claggett B, de Boer RA, DeMets D, Hernandez AF, Inzucchi SE, Kosiborod MN, Lam CSP, Martinez F, Shah SJ, Desai AS, Jhund PS, Belohlavek J, Chiang CE, Borleffs CJW, Comin-Colet J, Dobreanu D, Drozdz J, Fang JC, Alcocer-Gamba MA, Al Habeeb W, Han Y, Cabrera Honorio JW, Janssens SP, Katova T, Kitakaze M, Merkely B, O'Meara E, Saraiva JFK, Tereshchenko SN, Thierer J, Vaduganathan M, Vardeny O, Verma S, Pham VN, Wilderäng U, Zaozerska N, Bachus E, Lindholm D, Petersson M, Langkilde AM. Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1089-1098. [PMID: 36027570 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2206286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 728] [Impact Index Per Article: 364.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. Whether SGLT2 inhibitors are effective in patients with a higher left ventricular ejection fraction remains less certain. METHODS We randomly assigned 6263 patients with heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of more than 40% to receive dapagliflozin (at a dose of 10 mg once daily) or matching placebo, in addition to usual therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of worsening heart failure (which was defined as either an unplanned hospitalization for heart failure or an urgent visit for heart failure) or cardiovascular death, as assessed in a time-to-event analysis. RESULTS Over a median of 2.3 years, the primary outcome occurred in 512 of 3131 patients (16.4%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 610 of 3132 patients (19.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 0.92; P<0.001). Worsening heart failure occurred in 368 patients (11.8%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 455 patients (14.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.91); cardiovascular death occurred in 231 patients (7.4%) and 261 patients (8.3%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05). Total events and symptom burden were lower in the dapagliflozin group than in the placebo group. Results were similar among patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60% or more and those with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 60%, and results were similar in prespecified subgroups, including patients with or without diabetes. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin reduced the combined risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death among patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. (Funded by AstraZeneca; DELIVER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03619213.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Solomon
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - David DeMets
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Adrian F Hernandez
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Felipe Martinez
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Jan Belohlavek
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - C Jan Willem Borleffs
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Dan Dobreanu
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Jaroslaw Drozdz
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - James C Fang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Marco Antonio Alcocer-Gamba
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Waleed Al Habeeb
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Yaling Han
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Jose Walter Cabrera Honorio
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Stefan P Janssens
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Béla Merkely
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Jose Francisco Kerr Saraiva
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Sergey N Tereshchenko
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Jorge Thierer
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Orly Vardeny
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Subodh Verma
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Vinh Nguyen Pham
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Ulrica Wilderäng
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Natalia Zaozerska
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Erasmus Bachus
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Magnus Petersson
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) - both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, Buenos Aires (J.T.) - both in Argentina; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S.); General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); General Clinical Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Târgu Mureş, Romania (D. Dobreanu); the Department of Cardiology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland (J.D.); University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); Centro de Estudios Clínicos de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico (M.A.A.-G.); the Cardiac Sciences Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (W.A.H.); the Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China (Y.H.); Clínica Vesalio, San Borja, Peru (J.W.C.H.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiac Intensive Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (S.P.J.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Kinshukai Hanwa Daini Senboku Hospital, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - both in Canada; the Cardiovascular Division, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.N.T.); the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (O.V.); Cardiovascular Center, Tam Anh Hospital, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (V.N.P.); and Late-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (U.W., N.Z., E.B., D.L., M.P., A.M.L.)
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5
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Peikert A, Martinez FA, Vaduganathan M, Claggett BL, Kulac IJ, Desai AS, Jhund PS, de Boer RA, DeMets D, Hernandez AF, Inzucchi SE, Kosiborod MN, Lam CSP, Shah SJ, Katova T, Merkely B, Vardeny O, Wilderäng U, Lindholm D, Petersson M, Langkilde AM, McMurray JJV, Solomon SD. Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction According to Age: The DELIVER Trial. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e010080. [PMID: 36029467 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (EF) markedly increases with age, with older individuals disproportionately facing excess risk for mortality and hospitalization. Methods: The DELIVER trial (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the LIVEs of Patients With PReserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure) randomized patients with New York Heart Association functional class II-IV and left ventricular EF >40% to either dapagliflozin or placebo for a median follow-up period of 2.3 years. We examined efficacy and safety outcomes by age categories (<55, 55-64, 65-74 and ≥75 years) and across age as a continuous measure. Results: Among 6,263 randomized patients (aged 40-99 years, mean age 71.7 ± 9.6 years), 338 (5.4%) were <55 years, 1,007 (16.1%) were 55-64 years, 2,326 (37.1%) were 65-74 years, and 2,592 (41.4%) were ≥75 years. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome compared with placebo in all age categories (pinteraction=0.95) and across the age spectrum as a continuous function (pinteraction=0.76). Similar benefits were observed for the components of the primary outcome, with no significant interaction between randomized treatment and age category. Adverse events occurred more frequently with increasing age, but there were no significant differences in predefined safety outcomes between patients randomized to dapagliflozin and placebo across all age categories. Conclusions: In patients with HF and mildly reduced or preserved EF enrolled in DELIVER, Dapagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death or HF events across the spectrum of age, with a consistent safety profile, including among the traditionally under-treated older segment of patients ≥75 years. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT03619213.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UNITED KINGDOM
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6
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Butt JH, Docherty KF, Petrie MC, Schou M, Kosiborod MN, O'Meara E, Katova T, Ljungman CEA, Diez M, Ogunniyi MO, Langkilde AM, Sjöstrand M, Lindholm D, Bengtsson O, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Solomon SD, Jhund PS, McMurray JJV, Køber L. Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Men and Women With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Prespecified Analysis of the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:678-689. [PMID: 33787831 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2021.0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Women may respond differently to certain treatments for heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) than men. Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin compared with placebo in men and women with HFrEF enrolled in the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure trial (DAPA-HF). Design, Setting, and Participants Prespecified subgroup analysis of a phase 3 randomized clinical trial conducted at 410 sites in 20 countries. Patients with New York Heart Association functional class II through IV with an ejection fraction of 40% or less and elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were eligible. Data were analyzed between June 2020 and January 2021. Interventions Addition of once-daily 10 mg of dapagliflozin or placebo to guideline-recommended therapy. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the composite of an episode of worsening HF (HF hospitalization or urgent HF visit requiring intravenous therapy) or cardiovascular death. Results A total of 4744 patients were randomized in DAPA-HF, of whom 1109 were women (23.4%). Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening HF events or cardiovascular death to a similar extent in both men and women (hazard ratios, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.63-0.85] and 0.79 [95% CI, 0.59-1.06], respectively; P for interaction = .67). Consistent benefits were observed for the components of the primary outcome and all-cause mortality. Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin increased the proportion of patients with a meaningful improvement in symptoms (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score of ≥5 points; men, 59% vs 50%; women, 57% vs 54%; P for interaction = .14) and decreased the proportion with worsening symptoms (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score decrease of ≥5 points; men, 25% vs 34%; women, 27% vs 31%; P for interaction = .15), irrespective of sex. Results were consistent for the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire clinical summary score and overall summary score. Study drug discontinuation and serious adverse events were not more frequent in the dapagliflozin group than in the placebo group in either men or women. Conclusions and Relevance Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening HF, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death and improved symptoms, physical function, and health-related quality of life similarly in men and women with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. In addition, dapagliflozin was safe and well-tolerated irrespective of sex. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03036124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad H Butt
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kieran F Docherty
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- St Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Charlotta E A Ljungman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mirta Diez
- Division of Cardiology, Institute Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Modele O Ogunniyi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Center for Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Docherty KF, Jhund PS, Inzucchi SE, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, DeMets DL, Sabatine MS, Bengtsson O, Sjöstrand M, Langkilde AM, Desai AS, Diez M, Howlett JG, Katova T, Ljungman CEA, O'Meara E, Petrie MC, Schou M, Verma S, Vinh PN, Solomon SD, McMurray JJV. Effects of dapagliflozin in DAPA-HF according to background heart failure therapy. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:2379-2392. [PMID: 32221582 PMCID: PMC7327533 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In the DAPA-HF trial, the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening heart failure (HF) and death in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction. We examined whether this benefit was consistent in relation to background HF therapy. Methods and results In this post hoc analysis, we examined the effect of study treatment in the following yes/no subgroups: diuretic, digoxin, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), sacubitril/valsartan, ivabradine, implanted cardioverter-defibrillating (ICD) device, and cardiac resynchronization therapy. We also examined the effect of study drug according to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker dose, beta-blocker (BB) dose, and MRA (≥50% and <50% of target dose). We analysed the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death or a worsening HF event. Most randomized patients (n = 4744) were treated with a diuretic (84%), renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blocker (94%), and BB (96%); 52% of those taking a BB and 38% taking a RAS blocker were treated with ≥50% of the recommended dose. Overall, the dapagliflozin vs. placebo hazard ratio (HR) was 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.85] for the primary composite endpoint (P < 0.0001). The effect of dapagliflozin was consistent across all subgroups examined: the HR ranged from 0.57 to 0.86 for primary endpoint, with no significant randomized treatment-by-subgroup interaction. For example, the HR in patients taking a RAS blocker, BB, and MRA at baseline was 0.72 (95% CI 0.61–0.86) compared with 0.77 (95% CI 0.63–0.94) in those not on all three of these treatments (P-interaction 0.64). Conclusion The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent regardless of background therapy for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran F Docherty
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Lars Køber
- Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA
| | - Felipe A Martinez
- National University of Cordoba, Av.Colon 2057, Cordoba X5003DSE, Argentina
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - David L DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, 610 Walnut Street, 250 WARF, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal 431 83, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal 431 83, Sweden
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal 431 83, Sweden
| | - Akshay S Desai
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mirta Diez
- Division of Cardiology, Institute Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Av. Libertador 6302, C1428ART - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jonathan G Howlett
- University of Calgary, Cardiac Sciences and Medicine, Room c838, 1403- 29th street NW, Calgary Alberta Canada, T2N2Y9
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, 65 Konyovitsa Str., Sofia 1309, Bulgaria
| | - Charlotta E A Ljungman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, Quebec H1T1C8, Canada
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Pham Nguyen Vinh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc Cardiology Hospital, No. 04 Nguyen Luong Bang, Tan Phu Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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8
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Serenelli M, Böhm M, Inzucchi SE, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Solomon SD, DeMets DL, Bengtsson O, Sjöstrand M, Langkilde AM, Anand IS, Chiang CE, Chopra VK, de Boer RA, Diez M, Dukát A, Ge J, Howlett JG, Katova T, Kitakaze M, Ljungman CEA, Verma S, Docherty KF, Jhund PS, McMurray JJV. Effect of dapagliflozin according to baseline systolic blood pressure in the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure trial (DAPA-HF). Eur Heart J 2021; 41:3402-3418. [PMID: 32820334 PMCID: PMC7550197 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Concern about hypotension often leads to withholding of beneficial therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin, which lowers systolic blood pressure (SBP),according to baseline SBP in Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure trial (DAPA-HF). METHODS AND RESULTS Key inclusion criteria were: New York Heart Association Class II-IV, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%, elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level, and SBP ≥95 mmHg. The primary outcome was a composite of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death. The efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin were examined using SBP as both a categorical and continuous variable. A total of 1205 patients had a baseline SBP <110 mmHg; 981 ≥ 110 < 120; 1149 ≥ 120 < 130; and 1409 ≥ 130 mmHg. The placebo-corrected reduction in SBP from baseline to 2 weeks with dapagliflozin was -2.54 (-3.33 to -1.76) mmHg (P < 0.001), with a smaller between-treatment difference in patients in the lowest compared to highest SBP category. Patients in the lowest SBP category had a much higher rate (per 100 person-years) of the primary outcome [20.6, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 17.6-24.2] than those in the highest SBP category (13.8, 11.7-16.4). The benefit and safety of dapagliflozin was consistent across the range of SBP; hazard ratio (95% CI) in each SBP group, lowest to highest: 0.76 (0.60-0.97), 0.76 (0.57-1.02), 0.81 (0.61-1.08), and 0.67 (0.51-0.87), P interaction = 0.78. Study drug discontinuation did not differ between dapagliflozin and placebo across the SBP categories examined. CONCLUSION Dapagliflozin had a small effect on SBP in patients with HFrEF and was superior to placebo in improving outcomes, and well tolerated, across the range of SBP included in DAPA-HF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03036124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Serenelli
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.,Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, Italy
| | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David L DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Inder S Anand
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneaspolis, MN, USA
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- General Clinical Research Center and Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vijay K Chopra
- Department of Cardiology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mirta Diez
- Division of Cardiology, Institute Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrej Dukát
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jonathan G Howlett
- Cardiac Sciences and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Charlotta E A Ljungman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kieran F Docherty
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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9
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Shen L, Kristensen SL, Bengtsson O, Böhm M, de Boer RA, Docherty KF, Inzucchi SE, Katova T, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Langkilde AM, Lindholm D, Martinez MFA, O'Meara E, Nicolau JC, Petrie MC, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Schou M, Sjöstrand M, Solomon SD, Jhund PS, McMurray JJV. Dapagliflozin in HFrEF Patients Treated With Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists: An Analysis of DAPA-HF. JACC Heart Fail 2021; 9:254-264. [PMID: 33549554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in patients taking or not taking an mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) at baseline in the DAPA-HF (Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse outcomes in Heart Failure) trial. BACKGROUND MRAs and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors each have diuretic activity, lower blood pressure, and reduce glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Therefore, it is important to investigate the safety, as well as efficacy, of their combination. METHODS A total of 4,744 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) were randomized to placebo or dapagliflozin 10 mg daily. The efficacy of dapagliflozin on the primary composite outcome (cardiovascular death or episode of worsening heart failure) and its components was examined according to MRA use, as were predefined safety outcomes. RESULTS A total of 3,370 patients (71%) were treated with an MRA and they were younger (65 vs. 69 years of age), less often from North America (9% vs. 26%), had worse New York Heart Association functional class (35% vs. 25% in class III/IV), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (30.7% vs. 31.9%) and systolic blood pressure (120.3 vs. 125.5 mm Hg), but higher estimated GFR (67.1 vs. 62.6 ml/min/1.73 m2), than patients not taking an MRA. The benefit of dapagliflozin compared with placebo was similar in patients taking or not taking an MRA: hazard ratio: 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63 to 0.87) versus 0.74 (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.95), respectively, for the primary endpoint (p value for interaction = 0.97); similar findings were observed for secondary endpoints. In both MRA subgroups, safety outcomes were similar in patients randomized to dapagliflozin or placebo. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin was similarly efficacious and safe in patients with HFrEF taking or not taking an MRA, supporting the use of both drugs together. (Study to Evaluate the Effect of Dapagliflozin on the Incidence of Worsening Heart Failure or Cardiovascular Death in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure [DAPA-HF]; NCT03036124).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Department of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Søren Lund Kristensen
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kieran F Docherty
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eileen O'Meara
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark C Petrie
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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10
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Docherty KF, Jhund PS, Anand I, Bengtsson O, Böhm M, de Boer RA, DeMets DL, Desai AS, Drozdz J, Howlett J, Inzucchi SE, Johanson P, Katova T, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Langkilde AM, Lindholm D, Martinez FA, Merkely B, Nicolau JC, O'Meara E, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Sjöstrand M, Solomon SD, Tereshchenko S, Verma S, McMurray JJV. Effect of Dapagliflozin on Outpatient Worsening of Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Prespecified Analysis of DAPA-HF. Circulation 2020; 142:1623-1632. [PMID: 32883108 PMCID: PMC7580857 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.047480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. In the DAPA-HF trial (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure), dapagliflozin, added to guideline-recommended therapies, reduced the risk of mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalization. We examined the frequency and significance of episodes of outpatient HF worsening, requiring the augmentation of oral therapy, and the effects of dapagliflozin on these additional events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran F Docherty
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Inder Anand
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.A.)
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., P.J., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.)
| | - Michael Böhm
- Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.)
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (R.A.d.B.)
| | - David L DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.)
| | - Jaroslaw Drozdz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland (J.D.)
| | - Jonathan Howlett
- University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Alberta, Canada (J.H.)
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.)
| | - Per Johanson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., P.J., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.)
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark (L.K.)
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City (M.N.K.).,The George Institute for Global Health and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (M.N.K.)
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., P.J., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.)
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., P.J., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.)
| | | | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.)
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (J.C.N.)
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada (E.O'M.)
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Center for Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (P.P.)
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S.)
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., P.J., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.)
| | - Sergey Tereshchenko
- Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia (S.T.)
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.V.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
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11
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Jackson AM, Dewan P, Anand IS, Bělohlávek J, Bengtsson O, de Boer RA, Böhm M, Boulton DW, Chopra VK, DeMets DL, Docherty KF, Dukát A, Greasley PJ, Howlett JG, Inzucchi SE, Katova T, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Langkilde AM, Lindholm D, Ljungman CE, Martinez FA, O’Meara E, Sabatine MS, Sjöstrand M, Solomon SD, Tereshchenko S, Verma S, Jhund PS, McMurray JJ. Dapagliflozin and Diuretic Use in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction in DAPA-HF. Circulation 2020; 142:1040-1054. [PMID: 32673497 PMCID: PMC7664959 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.047077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. In the DAPA-HF trial (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse-Outcomes in Heart Failure), the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening heart failure and death in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. We examined the efficacy and tolerability of dapagliflozin in relation to background diuretic treatment and change in diuretic therapy after randomization to dapagliflozin or placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M. Jackson
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (A.M.J., P.D., K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Pooja Dewan
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (A.M.J., P.D., K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Inder S. Anand
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.)
| | - Jan Bělohlávek
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.)
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D (O.B., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.), AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, The Netherlands (R.A.d.B.)
| | - Michael Böhm
- Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg–Saar, Germany (M.B.)
| | - David W. Boulton
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, IMED Biotech Unit, Astra-Zeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (D.W.B.)
| | | | - David L. DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Kieran F. Docherty
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (A.M.J., P.D., K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Andrej Dukát
- 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.)
| | - Peter J. Greasley
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism Translational Medicines Unit, Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit (P.J.G.), AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonathan G. Howlett
- Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (J.G.W.)
| | - Silvio E. Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.)
| | - Lars Køber
- Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark (L.K.)
| | - Mikhail N. Kosiborod
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.)
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D (O.B., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.), AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D (O.B., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.), AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotta E.A. Ljungman
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden (C.E.A.L.)
| | | | - Eileen O’Meara
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, QC, Canada (E.O.)
| | - Marc S. Sabatine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S., S.D.S.)
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D (O.B., A.M.L., D.L., M.S.), AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S., S.D.S.)
| | - Sergey Tereshchenko
- Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia (S.T.)
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (S.V.)
| | - Pardeep S. Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (A.M.J., P.D., K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
| | - John J.V. McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (A.M.J., P.D., K.F.D., P.S.J., J.J.V.M.)
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12
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Petrie MC, Verma S, Docherty KF, Inzucchi SE, Anand I, Bělohlávek J, Böhm M, Chiang CE, Chopra VK, de Boer RA, Desai AS, Diez M, Drozdz J, Dukát A, Ge J, Howlett J, Katova T, Kitakaze M, Ljungman CEA, Merkely B, Nicolau JC, O'Meara E, Vinh PN, Schou M, Tereshchenko S, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Langkilde AM, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Sjöstrand M, Solomon SD, Johanson P, Greasley PJ, Boulton D, Bengtsson O, Jhund PS, McMurray JJV. Effect of Dapagliflozin on Worsening Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Death in Patients With Heart Failure With and Without Diabetes. JAMA 2020; 323:1353-1368. [PMID: 32219386 PMCID: PMC7157181 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Additional treatments are needed for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be an effective treatment for patients with HFrEF, even those without diabetes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin in patients with HFrEF with and without diabetes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Exploratory analysis of a phase 3 randomized trial conducted at 410 sites in 20 countries. Patients with New York Heart Association classification II to IV with an ejection fraction less than or equal to 40% and elevated plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide were enrolled between February 15, 2017, and August 17, 2018, with final follow-up on June 6, 2019. INTERVENTIONS Addition of once-daily 10 mg of dapagliflozin or placebo to recommended therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the composite of an episode of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death. This outcome was analyzed by baseline diabetes status and, in patients without diabetes, by glycated hemoglobin level less than 5.7% vs greater than or equal to 5.7%. RESULTS Among 4744 patients randomized (mean age, 66 years; 1109 [23%] women; 2605 [55%] without diabetes), 4742 completed the trial. Among participants without diabetes, the primary outcome occurred in 171 of 1298 (13.2%) in the dapagliflozin group and 231 of 1307 (17.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.60-0.88]). In patients with diabetes, the primary outcome occurred in 215 of 1075 (20.0%) in the dapagliflozin group and 271 of 1064 (25.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.63-0.90]) (P value for interaction = .80). Among patients without diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin level less than 5.7%, the primary outcome occurred in 53 of 438 patients (12.1%) in the dapagliflozin group and 71 of 419 (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.47-0.96]). In patients with a glycated hemoglobin of at least 5.7%, the primary outcome occurred in 118 of 860 patients (13.7%) in the dapagliflozin group and 160 of 888 (18.0%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.59-0.94]) (P value for interaction = .72). Volume depletion was reported as an adverse event in 7.3% of patients in the dapagliflozin group and 6.1% in the placebo group among patients without diabetes and in 7.8% of patients in the dapagliflozin group and 7.8% in the placebo group among patients with diabetes. A kidney adverse event was reported in 4.8% of patients in the dapagliflozin group and 6.0% in the placebo group among patients without diabetes and in 8.5% of patients in the dapagliflozin group and 8.7% in the placebo group among patients with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this exploratory analysis of a randomized trial of patients with HFrEF, dapagliflozin compared with placebo, when added to recommended therapy, significantly reduced the risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death independently of diabetes status. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03036124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Petrie
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kieran F. Docherty
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Silvio E. Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Inder Anand
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jan Bělohlávek
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Böhm
- Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Akshay S. Desai
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mirta Diez
- Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaroslaw Drozdz
- Department Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andre Dukát
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jonathan Howlett
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Charlotta E. A. Ljungman
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jose C. Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pham Nguyen Vinh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam
| | - Morten Schou
- Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergey Tereshchenko
- Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikhail N. Kosiborod
- St Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Center for Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marc S. Sabatine
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Per Johanson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter J. Greasley
- Early Discovery and Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Boulton
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pardeep S. Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John J. V. McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Bayraktarova I, Katova T. P1356 Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on vascular resistance in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Vascular resistance as assessed by noninvasive measurement of the pulse-wave velocity (PWV) is a well-established separate risk factor for early cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
High vascular resistance leads to higher pulse wave velocities and augmented values of systolic blood pressure (SBP). That leads to elevation in myocardial oxygen consumption and elevated left ventricular (LV) wall stress, indirectly worsening the systolic function of an already failing LV. PWV can be taken as an integral index of the vascular structure and function.
Sacubitril/valsartan is the first ARNI approved for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) – it simultaneously inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and employs the positive effects of the natriuretic peptides. The mechanisms of these remarkable effects – reduction of cardiovascular morbidity, of heart failure hospitalisations, of sudden cardiac death and of composite mortality, in patients with HFrEF are quite complex. The concomitant lowering of BP is an important element of the pathophysiologic process that improves the haemodynamic status of the patients.
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on vascular level parameters.
Materials and methods
In 18 newly established patients with HFrEF and arterial hypertension we prescribed 6-month sacubitril/valsartan treatment protocol at a dose level 97/103 mg.
We measured the baseline office pressure, LV ejection fraction, 2D LV strain and Е/E1 values, and we performed analysis of the arterial rigidity by measuring the following parameters:
Arterial elastance
Еа= systolic BP / LV stroke volume
LV endsystolic elastance
ЕV = systolic BP / LV telesystolic volume
End-systolic stress of the LV wall: ЕSS = (0.33 х TSDLV х SBP) / PW х (1 + PW) / TSDLV)
Ventricular-arterial impedance: Zva = (SBP + mean transaortic gradient) / indexed LV stroke volume.
At the end of the six months" treatment protocol we measured the same parameters again.
Results
During the six months treating period the systolic arterial pressure fell significantly from 128 ± 9.8 mmHg to 113 ± 17 mmHg (р=0.002), and diastolic BP, also significantly, fell from 83.5 ± 9.5 mmHg to 70.1 ± 6.8 mmHg (р=0.001). There was a significant decrease in PWV, arterial elastance, end-systolic LV wall stress and in ventricular-arterial impedance, but not in the other measured parameters.
Conclusion
Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan at a high dose level of 97/103 mg for six months improves the indices of arterial rigidity, but does not lead to significant change in ventricular-arterial coupling, despite of significant lowering of the arterial elastance and pulse wave velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Katova
- National Heart Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Inzucchi SE, Køber L, Kosiborod MN, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Anand IS, Bělohlávek J, Böhm M, Chiang CE, Chopra VK, de Boer RA, Desai AS, Diez M, Drozdz J, Dukát A, Ge J, Howlett JG, Katova T, Kitakaze M, Ljungman CEA, Merkely B, Nicolau JC, O'Meara E, Petrie MC, Vinh PN, Schou M, Tereshchenko S, Verma S, Held C, DeMets DL, Docherty KF, Jhund PS, Bengtsson O, Sjöstrand M, Langkilde AM. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1995-2008. [PMID: 31535829 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1911303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3554] [Impact Index Per Article: 710.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with type 2 diabetes, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) reduce the risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms. More data are needed regarding the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with established heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, regardless of the presence or absence of type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this phase 3, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 4744 patients with New York Heart Association class II, III, or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less to receive either dapagliflozin (at a dose of 10 mg once daily) or placebo, in addition to recommended therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of worsening heart failure (hospitalization or an urgent visit resulting in intravenous therapy for heart failure) or cardiovascular death. RESULTS Over a median of 18.2 months, the primary outcome occurred in 386 of 2373 patients (16.3%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 502 of 2371 patients (21.2%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65 to 0.85; P<0.001). A first worsening heart failure event occurred in 237 patients (10.0%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 326 patients (13.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.83). Death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 227 patients (9.6%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 273 patients (11.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.98); 276 patients (11.6%) and 329 patients (13.9%), respectively, died from any cause (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.97). Findings in patients with diabetes were similar to those in patients without diabetes. The frequency of adverse events related to volume depletion, renal dysfunction, and hypoglycemia did not differ between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, the risk of worsening heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes was lower among those who received dapagliflozin than among those who received placebo, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. (Funded by AstraZeneca; DAPA-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03036124.).
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Affiliation(s)
- John J V McMurray
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Lars Køber
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Felipe A Martinez
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Inder S Anand
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Jan Bělohlávek
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Michael Böhm
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Vijay K Chopra
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Mirta Diez
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Jaroslaw Drozdz
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Andrej Dukát
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Junbo Ge
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Jonathan G Howlett
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Charlotta E A Ljungman
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Béla Merkely
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Mark C Petrie
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Pham N Vinh
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Morten Schou
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Sergey Tereshchenko
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Subodh Verma
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Claes Held
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - David L DeMets
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Kieran F Docherty
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Anna-Maria Langkilde
- From the BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., M.C.P., K.F.D., P.S.J.); the Cardiovascular Division (S.D.S., A.S.D.) and the TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (M.S.S.) - all in Boston; Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital (L.K.) and the Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital (M. Schou), Copenhagen; the Department of Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg-Saar, Germany (M.B.); Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.A.M.), and the Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (M.D.) - both in Argentina; Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw (P.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz (J.D.) - both in Poland; the Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.); 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-E.C.); the Department of Cardiology, Medanta, Gurgaon, India (V.K.C.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (R.A.B.); the 5th Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); the Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China (J.G.); Cumming School of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (J.G.H.), the Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (E.O.), and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.V.) - all in Canada; Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); the Cardiovascular Division of Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K.); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Cardiology, Sahlgrenska Academy (C.E.A.L.), and AstraZeneca (O.B., M. Sjöstrand, A.M.L.), Gothenburg, and the Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University (C.H.), Uppsala - all in Sweden; the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo (J.C.N.); the Department of Internal Medicine, Tan Tao University, Tan Duc, Vietnam (P.N.V.); the Department of Myocardial Disease and Heart Failure, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow (S.T.); and the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
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15
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McMurray JJV, Jackson AM, Lam CSP, Redfield MM, Anand IS, Ge J, Lefkowitz MP, Maggioni AP, Martinez F, Packer M, Pfeffer MA, Pieske B, Rizkala AR, Sabarwal SV, Shah AM, Shah SJ, Shi VC, van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zile MR, Cikes M, Goncalvesova E, Katova T, Kosztin A, Lelonek M, Sweitzer N, Vardeny O, Claggett B, Jhund PS, Solomon SD. Effects of Sacubitril-Valsartan Versus Valsartan in Women Compared With Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From PARAGON-HF. Circulation 2019; 141:338-351. [PMID: 31736337 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, there is no approved treatment for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, the predominant phenotype in women. Therefore, there is a greater heart failure therapeutic deficit in women compared with men. METHODS In a prespecified subgroup analysis, we examined outcomes according to sex in the PARAGON-HF trial (Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ARB Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction), which compared sacubitril-valsartan and valsartan in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The primary outcome was a composite of first and recurrent hospitalizations for heart failure and death from cardiovascular causes. We also report secondary efficacy and safety outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 2479 women (51.7%) and 2317 men (48.3%) were randomized. Women were older and had more obesity, less coronary disease, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) levels than men. For the primary outcome, the rate ratio for sacubitril-valsartan versus valsartan was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.59-0.90) in women and 1.03 (95% CI, 0.84-1.25) in men (P interaction = 0.017). The benefit from sacubitril-valsartan was attributable to reduction in heart failure hospitalization. The improvement in New York Heart Association class and renal function with sacubitril-valsartan was similar in women and men, whereas the improvement in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire clinical summary score was less in women than in men. The difference in adverse events between sacubitril-valsartan and valsartan was similar in women and men. CONCLUSIONS As compared with valsartan, sacubitril-valsartan seemed to reduce the risk of heart failure hospitalization more in women than in men. Whereas the possible sex-related modification of the effect of treatment has several potential explanations, the present study does not provide a definite mechanistic basis for this finding. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01920711.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J V McMurray
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.J.V.M., A.M.J., P.S.J.)
| | - Alice M Jackson
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.J.V.M., A.M.J., P.S.J.)
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.).,Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (C.S.P.L., D.J.v.V.).,The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, Australia (C.S.P.L.)
| | | | | | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China (J.G.)
| | - Marty P Lefkowitz
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., A.R.R., S.V.S., V.C.S.)
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence, Italy (A.P.M.)
| | | | | | - Marc A Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., A.M.S., B.C., S.D.S.)
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Berlin, Germany (B.P.)
| | - Adel R Rizkala
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., A.R.R., S.V.S., V.C.S.)
| | - Shalini V Sabarwal
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., A.R.R., S.V.S., V.C.S.)
| | - Amil M Shah
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., A.M.S., B.C., S.D.S.)
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.)
| | - Victor C Shi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., A.R.R., S.V.S., V.C.S.)
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (C.S.P.L., D.J.v.V.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Universite de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Regional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.)
| | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.)
| | - Maja Cikes
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia (M.C.)
| | - Eva Goncalvesova
- Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.)
| | - Anamaria Kosztin
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.K.)
| | - Malgorzata Lelonek
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland (M.L.)
| | | | - Orly Vardeny
- Minneapolis VA Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, University of Minnesota (O.V.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., A.M.S., B.C., S.D.S.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (J.J.V.M., A.M.J., P.S.J.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.A.P., A.M.S., B.C., S.D.S.)
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16
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Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Anand IS, Ge J, Lam CSP, Maggioni AP, Martinez F, Packer M, Pfeffer MA, Pieske B, Redfield MM, Rouleau JL, van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zile MR, Desai AS, Claggett B, Jhund PS, Boytsov SA, Comin-Colet J, Cleland J, Düngen HD, Goncalvesova E, Katova T, Kerr Saraiva JF, Lelonek M, Merkely B, Senni M, Shah SJ, Zhou J, Rizkala AR, Gong J, Shi VC, Lefkowitz MP. Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1609-1620. [PMID: 31475794 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1908655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1292] [Impact Index Per Article: 258.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril-valsartan led to a reduced risk of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes among patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. The effect of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is unclear. METHODS We randomly assigned 4822 patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II to IV heart failure, ejection fraction of 45% or higher, elevated level of natriuretic peptides, and structural heart disease to receive sacubitril-valsartan (target dose, 97 mg of sacubitril with 103 mg of valsartan twice daily) or valsartan (target dose, 160 mg twice daily). The primary outcome was a composite of total hospitalizations for heart failure and death from cardiovascular causes. Primary outcome components, secondary outcomes (including NYHA class change, worsening renal function, and change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire [KCCQ] clinical summary score [scale, 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating fewer symptoms and physical limitations]), and safety were also assessed. RESULTS There were 894 primary events in 526 patients in the sacubitril-valsartan group and 1009 primary events in 557 patients in the valsartan group (rate ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 1.01; P = 0.06). The incidence of death from cardiovascular causes was 8.5% in the sacubitril-valsartan group and 8.9% in the valsartan group (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.16); there were 690 and 797 total hospitalizations for heart failure, respectively (rate ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.00). NYHA class improved in 15.0% of the patients in the sacubitril-valsartan group and in 12.6% of those in the valsartan group (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.86); renal function worsened in 1.4% and 2.7%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.77). The mean change in the KCCQ clinical summary score at 8 months was 1.0 point (95% CI, 0.0 to 2.1) higher in the sacubitril-valsartan group. Patients in the sacubitril-valsartan group had a higher incidence of hypotension and angioedema and a lower incidence of hyperkalemia. Among 12 prespecified subgroups, there was suggestion of heterogeneity with possible benefit with sacubitril-valsartan in patients with lower ejection fraction and in women. CONCLUSIONS Sacubitril-valsartan did not result in a significantly lower rate of total hospitalizations for heart failure and death from cardiovascular causes among patients with heart failure and an ejection fraction of 45% or higher. (Funded by Novartis; PARAGON-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01920711.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Solomon
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Inder S Anand
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Junbo Ge
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Felipe Martinez
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Milton Packer
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Marc A Pfeffer
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Burkert Pieske
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Margaret M Redfield
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Jean L Rouleau
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Michael R Zile
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Sergey A Boytsov
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - John Cleland
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Hans-Dirk Düngen
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Eva Goncalvesova
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Jose F Kerr Saraiva
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Małgorzata Lelonek
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Bela Merkely
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Michele Senni
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Adel R Rizkala
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Jianjian Gong
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Victor C Shi
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
| | - Martin P Lefkowitz
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., M.A.P., A.S.D., B.C.); the British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.) and the Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Well-being (J.C.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, and the National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London (J.C.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A), and Mayo Clinic, Rochester (M.M.R.) - both in Minnesota; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (J. Ge) and the Department of Cardiology (J.Z.), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Heart Center Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L); National Association of Hospital Cardiologists Research Center, Florence (A.P.M.), and the Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo (M.S.) - both in Italy; National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina (F.M.); Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas (M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin (B.P.), and the Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (H.-D.D.) - both in Berlin; Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal (J.L.R.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (D.J.V.); INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinic 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.); Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.); National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow (S.A.B.); Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (J.C.-C.); Department of Heart Failure-Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.); Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.); Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, São Paulo (J.F.K.S.); the Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland (M.L.); Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (S.J.S); and Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ (A.R.R., J. Gong, V.C.S., M.P.L.)
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17
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Chandra A, Lewis EF, Claggett BL, Desai AS, Packer M, Zile MR, Swedberg K, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Lefkowitz MP, Katova T, McMurray JJV, Solomon SD. Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Physical and Social Activity Limitations in Patients With Heart Failure: A Secondary Analysis of the PARADIGM-HF Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2019; 3:498-505. [PMID: 29617523 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Importance Health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with heart failure is markedly reduced compared with that in patients with other chronic diseases, demonstrating substantial limitations in physical and social activities. In the Prospective Comparison of ARNI With an ACE-Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure (PARADIGM-HF) trial, sacubitril/valsartan improved overall HRQL compared with enalapril, as determined by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Objective To examine the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on physical and social activities. Design, Setting, and Participants The PARADIGM-HF trial was a randomized, double-blind, active treatment-controlled clinical trial performed from December 8, 2009, to March 31, 2014, in 8399 patients with New York Heart Association class II to IV disease and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less at 1043 centers in 38 countries. Data analysis was performed from August 1, 2017, to December 25, 2017. Interventions Sacubitril/valsartan, 200 mg twice daily, or enalapril, 10 mg twice daily. Main Outcomes and Measures Patients completed HRQL assessments using the KCCQ at randomization, 4-month, 8-month, and annual visits. The effect of sacubitril/valsartan on components of the physical and social limitation sections of the KCCQ at 8 months and longitudinally and related biomarkers and clinical outcomes were studied. Results At baseline, 7618 of 8399 patients (90.7%) (mean [SD] age, 64 [11] years; 5987 [78.6%] male and 1631 [21.4%] female) completed the initial KCCQ assessment. Patients reported the greatest limitations at baseline in jogging and sexual relationships. Patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan had significantly better adjusted change scores in most physical and social activities at 8 months and during 36 months compared with those receiving enalapril. The largest improvement over enalapril was in household chores (adjusted change score difference, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.19-3.50; P < .001) and sexual relationships (adjusted change score difference, 2.72; 95% CI, 0.97-4.46; P = .002); both persisted through 36 months (overall change score difference, 1.69 [95% CI, 0.78-2.60], P < .001; and 2.36 [95% CI, 1.01-3.71], P = .001, respectively). Conclusions and Relevance In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, sacubitril/valsartan significantly improved nearly all KCCQ physical and social activities compared with enalapril, with the largest responses in household chores and sexual relationships. In addition to reduced likelihood of cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization, sacubitril/valsartan may improve limitations in common activities in these patients. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01035255.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston
| | - Karl Swedberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Jean L Rouleau
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England.,Institut Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
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18
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Solomon SD, Rizkala AR, Lefkowitz MP, Shi VC, Gong J, Anavekar N, Anker SD, Arango JL, Arenas JL, Atar D, Ben-Gal T, Boytsov SA, Chen CH, Chopra VK, Cleland J, Comin-Colet J, Duengen HD, Echeverría Correa LE, Filippatos G, Flammer AJ, Galinier M, Godoy A, Goncalvesova E, Janssens S, Katova T, Køber L, Lelonek M, Linssen G, Lund LH, O’Meara E, Merkely B, Milicic D, Oh BH, Perrone SV, Ranjith N, Saito Y, Saraiva JF, Shah S, Seferovic PM, Senni M, Sibulo AS, Sim D, Sweitzer NK, Taurio J, Vinereanu D, Vrtovec B, Widimský J, Yilmaz MB, Zhou J, Zweiker R, Anand IS, Ge J, Lam CS, Maggioni AP, Martinez F, Packer M, Pfeffer MA, Pieske B, Redfield MM, Rouleau JL, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zile MR, McMurray JJ. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction in the PARAGON-HF Trial. Circ Heart Fail 2018; 11:e004962. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.118.004962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott D. Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.D.S., M.A.P.)
| | - Adel R. Rizkala
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (V.C.S., A.R.R., J.J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - Martin P. Lefkowitz
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (V.C.S., A.R.R., J.J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - Victor C. Shi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (V.C.S., A.R.R., J.J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - JianJian Gong
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (V.C.S., A.R.R., J.J.G., M.P.L.)
| | - Nagesh Anavekar
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia (N.A.)
| | - Stefan D. Anker
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism, Department of Cardiology (CVK) and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (S.D.A.)
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Germany (S.D.A.)
| | | | - Jose L. Arenas
- Centro de Atención e Investigación Cardiovascular del Potosi SC and Hospital Ángeles San Luis, México (J.L. Arenas)
| | - Dan Atar
- Department of Cardiology B, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway (D.A.)
| | - Turia Ben-Gal
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (T.B.-G.)
| | - Sergey A. Boytsov
- National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.)
| | - Vijay K. Chopra
- Heart Failure Unit, Medanta Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India (V.K.C.)
| | - John Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Institute of Health and Wellbeing (J.C.)
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom. National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (J.C.)
- Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-C.)
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- Community Heart Failure Program, Department of Cardiology, Bellvitge University Hospital and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-C.)
| | - Hans-Dirk Duengen
- National Research Center for Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia (S.A.B.)
| | | | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (G.F.)
- School of Medicine, University of Cyprus, Greece (G.F.)
| | - Andreas J. Flammer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (A.J.F.)
| | - Michel Galinier
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France (M.G.)
| | - Armando Godoy
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú (A.G.)
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular INCOR, Lima, Perú (A.G.)
- Scientia Clinical and Epidemiological Research Institute, Trujillo, Perú (A.G.)
| | - Eva Goncalvesova
- Department of Heart Failure/Transplantation, National Cardiovascular Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia (E.G.)
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium (S.J.)
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (T.K.)
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (L.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Lelonek
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland (M.L.)
| | - Gerard Linssen
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Group Twente, Almelo and Hengelo, The Netherlands (G.L.)
| | - Lars H. Lund
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (L.H.L.)
| | - Eileen O’Meara
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (E.O.M., J.L.R.)
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.)
| | - Davor Milicic
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia (D.M.)
| | - Byung-Hee Oh
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea (B.-H.O.)
| | | | - Naresh Ranjith
- Department of Cardiology, City Hospital, Durban, South Africa (N.R.)
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Jose F. Saraiva
- Disciplina de Cardiologia Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil (J.F.K.S.)
| | - Sanjiv Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.S.)
| | - Petar M. Seferovic
- Department of Cardiology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade University Medical Center, Serbia (P.M.S.)
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (M.S.)
| | - Antonio S. Sibulo
- St Luke’s Heart Institute, St. Luke’s Medical Center, Taguig, Philippines (A.S.S.)
| | - David Sim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore (D.S.)
| | - Nancy K. Sweitzer
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson (N.K.S.)
| | - Jyrki Taurio
- Department of Cardiology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (J.T.)
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, University and Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania (D.V.)
| | - Bojan Vrtovec
- University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia (B.V.)
| | - Jiří Widimský
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic (J.W.)
| | - Mehmet B. Yilmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey (M.B.Y.)
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.Z.)
| | - Robert Zweiker
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Graz, Austria (R.Z.)
| | - Inder S. Anand
- Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (I.S.A.)
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China (J.G.)
| | - Carolyn S.P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.)
| | - Aldo P. Maggioni
- Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri, Florence, Italy (A.P.M.)
| | | | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.)
| | - Marc A. Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.D.S., M.A.P.)
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Charité, Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum Berlin, Germany (B.P., H.-D.D.)
| | | | - Jean L. Rouleau
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (E.O.M., J.L.R.)
| | - Dirk J. Van Veldhuisen
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (D.J.V.V.)
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Inserm CIC 1433 and Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Ré gional Universitaire, Nancy, France (F.Z.)
| | - Michael R. Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston (M.R.Z.)
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Targher G, Dauriz M, Laroche C, Temporelli PL, Hassanein M, Seferovic PM, Drozdz J, Ferrari R, Anker S, Coats A, Filippatos G, Crespo‐Leiro MG, Mebazaa A, Piepoli MF, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L, Crespo‐Leiro M, Anker S, Coats A, Ferrari R, Filippatos G, Maggioni A, Mebazaa A, Piepoli M, Amir O, Chioncel O, Dahlström U, Jimenez JD, Drozdz J, Erglis A, Fazlibegovic E, Fonseca C, Fruhwald F, Gatzov P, Goncalvesova E, Hassanein M, Hradec J, Kavoliuniene A, Lainscak M, Logeart D, Merkely B, Metra M, Otljanska M, Seferovic P, Kostovska ES, Temizhan A, Tousoulis D, Andarala M, Ferreira T, Fiorucci E, Gracia G, Laroche C, Pommier C, Taylor C, Cuculici A, Gaulhofer C, Casado EP, Szymczyk E, Ramani F, Mulak G, Schou IL, Semenka J, Stojkovic J, Mehanna R, Mizarienne V, Auer J, Ablasser K, Fruhwald F, Dolze T, Brandner K, Gstrein S, Poelzl G, Moertl D, Reiter S, Podczeck‐Schweighofer A, Muslibegovic A, Vasilj M, Fazlibegovic E, Cesko M, Zelenika D, Palic B, Pravdic D, Cuk D, Vitlianova K, Katova T, Velikov T, Kurteva T, Gatzov P, Kamenova D, Antova M, Sirakova V, Krejci J, Mikolaskova M, Spinar J, Krupicka J, Malek F, Hegarova M, Lazarova M, Monhart Z, Hassanein M, Sobhy M, El Messiry F, El Shazly A, Elrakshy Y, Youssef A, Moneim A, Noamany M, Reda A, Dayem TA, Farag N, Halawa SI, Hamid MA, Said K, Saleh A, Ebeid H, Hanna R, Aziz R, Louis O, Enen M, Ibrahim B, Nasr G, Elbahry A, Sobhy H, Ashmawy M, Gouda M, Aboleineen W, Bernard Y, Luporsi P, Meneveau N, Pillot M, Morel M, Seronde M, Schiele F, Briand F, Delahaye F, Damy T, Eicher J, Groote P, Fertin M, Lamblin N, Isnard R, Lefol C, Thevenin S, Hagege A, Jondeau G, Logeart D, Le Marcis V, Ly J, Coisne D, Lequeux B, Le Moal V, Mascle S, Lotton P, Behar N, Donal E, Thebault C, Ridard C, Reynaud A, Basquin A, Bauer F, Codjia R, Galinier M, Tourikis P, Stavroula M, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Chrysohoou C, Kotrogiannis I, Matzaraki V, Dimitroula T, Karavidas A, Tsitsinakis G, Kapelios C, Nanas J, Kampouri H, Nana E, Kaldara E, Eugenidou A, Vardas P, Saloustros I, Patrianakos A, Tsaknakis T, Evangelou S, Nikoloulis N, Tziourganou H, Tsaroucha A, Papadopoulou A, Douras A, Polgar L, Merkely B, Kosztin A, Nyolczas N, Nagy AC, Halmosi R, Elber J, Alony I, Shotan A, Fuhrmann AV, Amir O, Romano S, Marcon S, Penco M, Di Mauro M, Lemme E, Carubelli V, Rovetta R, Metra M, Bulgari M, Quinzani F, Lombardi C, Bosi S, Schiavina G, Squeri A, Barbieri A, Di Tano G, Pirelli S, Ferrari R, Fucili A, Passero T, Musio S, Di Biase M, Correale M, Salvemini G, Brognoli S, Zanelli E, Giordano A, Agostoni P, Italiano G, Salvioni E, Copelli S, Modena M, Reggianini L, Valenti C, Olaru A, Bandino S, Deidda M, Mercuro G, Dessalvi CC, Marino P, Di Ruocco M, Sartori C, Piccinino C, Parrinello G, Licata G, Torres D, Giambanco S, Busalacchi S, Arrotti S, Novo S, Inciardi R, Pieri P, Chirco P, Galifi MA, Teresi G, Buccheri D, Minacapelli A, Veniani M, Frisinghelli A, Priori S, Cattaneo S, Opasich C, Gualco A, Pagliaro M, Mancone M, Fedele F, Cinque A, Vellini M, Scarfo I, Romeo F, Ferraiuolo F, Sergi D, Anselmi M, Melandri F, Leci E, Iori E, Bovolo V, Pidello S, Frea S, Bergerone S, Botta M, Canavosio F, Gaita F, Merlo M, Cinquetti M, Sinagra G, Ramani F, Fabris E, Stolfo D, Artico J, Miani D, Fresco C, Daneluzzi C, Proclemer A, Cicoira M, Zanolla L, Marchese G, Torelli F, Vassanelli C, Voronina N, Erglis A, Tamakauskas V, Smalinskas V, Karaliute R, Petraskiene I, Kazakauskaite E, Rumbinaite E, Kavoliuniene A, Vysniauskas V, Brazyte‐Ramanauskiene R, Petraskiene D, Stankala S, Switala P, Juszczyk Z, Sinkiewicz W, Gilewski W, Pietrzak J, Orzel T, Kasztelowicz P, Kardaszewicz P, Lazorko‐Piega M, Gabryel J, Mosakowska K, Bellwon J, Rynkiewicz A, Raczak G, Lewicka E, Dabrowska‐Kugacka A, Bartkowiak R, Sosnowska‐Pasiarska B, Wozakowska‐Kaplon B, Krzeminski A, Zabojszcz M, Mirek‐Bryniarska E, Grzegorzko A, Bury K, Nessler J, Zalewski J, Furman A, Broncel M, Poliwczak A, Bala A, Zycinski P, Rudzinska M, Jankowski L, Kasprzak J, Michalak L, Soska KW, Drozdz J, Huziuk I, Retwinski A, Flis P, Weglarz J, Bodys A, Grajek S, Kaluzna‐Oleksy M, Straburzynska‐Migaj E, Dankowski R, Szymanowska K, Grabia J, Szyszka A, Nowicka A, Samcik M, Wolniewicz L, Baczynska K, Komorowska K, Poprawa I, Komorowska E, Sajnaga D, Zolbach A, Dudzik‐Plocica A, Abdulkarim A, Lauko‐Rachocka A, Kaminski L, Kostka A, Cichy A, Ruszkowski P, Splawski M, Fitas G, Szymczyk A, Serwicka A, Fiega A, Zysko D, Krysiak W, Szabowski S, Skorek E, Pruszczyk P, Bienias P, Ciurzynski M, Welnicki M, Mamcarz A, Folga A, Zielinski T, Rywik T, Leszek P, Sobieszczanska‐Malek M, Piotrowska M, Kozar‐Kaminska K, Komuda K, Wisniewska J, Tarnowska A, Balsam P, Marchel M, Opolski G, Kaplon‐Cieslicka A, Gil R, Mozenska O, Byczkowska K, Gil K, Pawlak A, Michalek A, Krzesinski P, Piotrowicz K, Uzieblo‐Zyczkowska B, Stanczyk A, Skrobowski A, Ponikowski P, Jankowska E, Rozentryt P, Polonski L, Gadula‐Gacek E, Nowalany‐Kozielska E, Kuczaj A, Kalarus Z, Szulik M, Przybylska K, Klys J, Prokop‐Lewicka G, Kleinrok A, Aguiar CT, Ventosa A, Pereira S, Faria R, Chin J, De Jesus I, Santos R, Silva P, Moreno N, Queirós C, Lourenço C, Pereira A, Castro A, Andrade A, Guimaraes TO, Martins S, Placido R, Lima G, Brito D, Francisco A, Cardiga R, Proenca M, Araujo I, Marques F, Fonseca C, Moura B, Leite S, Campelo M, Silva‐Cardoso J, Rodrigues J, Rangel I, Martins E, Correia AS, Peres M, Marta L, Silva GF, Severino D, Durao D, Leao S, Magalhaes P, Moreira I, Cordeiro AF, Ferreira C, Araujo C, Ferreira A, Baptista A, Radoi M, Bicescu G, Vinereanu D, Sinescu C, Macarie C, Popescu R, Daha I, Dan G, Stanescu C, Dan A, Craiu E, Nechita E, Aursulesei V, Christodorescu R, Otasevic P, Seferovic P, Simeunovic D, Ristic A, Celic V, Pavlovic‐Kleut M, Lazic JS, Stojcevski B, Pencic B, Stevanovic A, Andric A, Iric‐Cupic V, Jovic M, Davidovic G, Milanov S, Mitic V, Atanaskovic V, Antic S, Pavlovic M, Stanojevic D, Stoickov V, Ilic S, Ilic MD, Petrovic D, Stojsic S, Kecojevic S, Dodic S, Adic NC, Cankovic M, Stojiljkovic J, Mihajlovic B, Radin A, Radovanovic S, Krotin M, Klabnik A, Goncalvesova E, Pernicky M, Murin J, Kovar F, Kmec J, Semjanova H, Strasek M, Iskra MS, Ravnikar T, Suligoj NC, Komel J, Fras Z, Jug B, Glavic T, Losic R, Bombek M, Krajnc I, Krunic B, Horvat S, Kovac D, Rajtman D, Cencic V, Letonja M, Winkler R, Valentincic M, Melihen‐Bartolic C, Bartolic A, Vrckovnik MP, Kladnik M, Pusnik CS, Marolt A, Klen J, Drnovsek B, Leskovar B, Anguita MF, Page JG, Martinez FS, Andres J, Genis A, Mirabet S, Mendez A, Garcia‐Cosio L, Roig E, Leon V, Gonzalez‐Costello J, Muntane G, Garay A, Alcade‐Martinez V, Fernandez SL, Rivera‐Lopez R, Puga‐Martinez M, Fernandez‐Alvarez M, Serrano‐Martinez J, Crespo‐Leiro M, Grille‐Cancela Z, Marzoa‐Rivas R, Blanco‐Canosa P, Paniagua‐Martin M, Barge‐Caballero E, Cerdena IL, Baldomero IFH, Padron AL, Rosillo SO, Gonzalez‐Gallarza RD, Montanes OS, Manjavacas AI, Conde AC, Araujo A, Soria T, Garcia‐Pavia P, Gomez‐Bueno M, Cobo‐Marcos M, Alonso‐Pulpon L, Cubero JS, Sayago I, Gonzalez‐Segovia A, Briceno A, Subias PE, Hernandez MV, Cano MR, Sanchez MG, Jimenez JD, Garrido‐Lestache EB, Pinilla JG, Villa BG, Sahuquillo A, Marques RB, Calvo FT, Perez‐Martinez M, Gracia‐Rodenas M, Garrido‐Bravo IP, Pastor‐Perez F, Pascual‐Figal D, Molina BD, Orus J, Gonzalo FE, Bertomeu V, Valero R, Martinez‐Abellan R, Quiles J, Rodrigez‐Ortega J, Mateo I, ElAmrani A, Fernandez‐Vivancos C, Valero DB, Almenar‐Bonet L, Sanchez‐Lazaro I, Marques‐Sule E, Facila‐Rubio L, Perez‐Silvestre J, Garcia‐Gonzalez P, Ridocci‐Soriano F, Garcia‐Escriva D, Pellicer‐Cabo A, Fuente Galan L, Diaz JL, Platero AR, Arias J, Blasco‐Peiro T, Julve MS, Sanchez‐Insa E, Aured‐Guallar C, Portoles‐Ocampo A, Melin M, Hägglund E, Stenberg A, Lindahl I, Asserlund B, Olsson L, Dahlström U, Afzelius M, Karlström P, Tengvall L, Wiklund P, Olsson B, Kalayci S, Temizhan A, Cavusoglu Y, Gencer E, Yilmaz M, Gunes H. In‐hospital and 1‐year mortality associated with diabetes in patients with acute heart failure: results from the
ESC‐HFA
Heart Failure Long‐Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 19:54-65. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Targher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona Verona Italy
| | - Marco Dauriz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona Verona Italy
| | - Cécile Laroche
- EURObservational Research Programme European Society of Cardiology Sophia‐Antipolis France
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Cardiology and LTTA Centre, University Hospital of Ferrara and Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research E.S: Health Science Foundation Cotignola Italy
| | - Stephan Anker
- Innovative Clinical Trials, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
| | - Andrew Coats
- Monash University Australia and University of Warwick Coventry UK
| | | | - Maria G. Crespo‐Leiro
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Avanzada y Trasplante Cardiaco, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruna CHUAC La Coruna Spain
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Inserm 942, Hôpital Lariboisière Université Paris Diderot Paris France
| | - Massimo F. Piepoli
- Department of Cardiology Polichirurgico Hospital G. da Saliceto Piacenza Italy
| | - Aldo Pietro Maggioni
- EURObservational Research Programme European Society of Cardiology Sophia‐Antipolis France
- ANMCO Research Center Florence Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research E.S. Health Science Foundation Cotignola Italy
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Hristova K, Katova T. PM143 Superiority of Real-Time Three-Dimensional Versus Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for Detection of Recovery in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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McMurray J, Packer M, Desai A, Gong J, Greenlaw N, Lefkowitz M, Rizkala A, Shi V, Rouleau J, Solomon S, Swedberg K, Zile MR, Andersen K, Arango JL, Arnold M, Be˘lohlávek J, Böhm M, Boytsov S, Burgess L, Cabrera W, Chen CH, Erglis A, Fu M, Gomez E, Gonzalez A, Hagege AA, Katova T, Kiatchoosakun S, Kim KS, Bayram E, Martinez F, Merkely B, Mendoza I, Mosterd A, Negrusz-Kawecka M, Peuhkurinen K, Ramires F, Refsgaard J, Senni M, Sibulo AS, Silva-Cardoso J, Squire I, Starling RC, Vinereanu D, Teerlink JR, Wong R. A putative placebo analysis of the effects of LCZ696 on clinical outcomes in heart failure. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:434-9. [PMID: 25416329 PMCID: PMC4328198 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Although active-controlled trials with renin–angiotensin inhibitors are ethically mandated in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, clinicians and regulators often want to know how the experimental therapy would perform compared with placebo. The angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 was compared with enalapril in PARADIGM-HF. We made indirect comparisons of the effects of LCZ696 with putative placebos. Methods and results We used the treatment-arm of the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD-T) as the reference trial for comparison of an ACE inhibitor to placebo and the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity-Alternative trial (CHARM-Alternative) as the reference trial for comparison of an ARB to placebo. The hazard ratio of LCZ696 vs. a putative placebo was estimated through the product of the hazard ratio of LCZ696 vs. enalapril (active-control) and that of the historical active-control (enalapril or candesartan) vs. placebo. For the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization in PARADIGM-HF, the relative risk reduction with LCZ696 vs. a putative placebo from SOLVD-T was 43% (95%CI 34–50%; P < 0.0001) with similarly large effects on cardiovascular death (34%, 21–44%; P < 0.0001) and heart failure hospitalization (49%, 39–58%; P < 0.0001). For all-cause mortality, the reduction compared with a putative placebo was 28% (95%CI 15–39%; P < 0.0001). Putative placebo analyses based on CHARM-Alternative gave relative risk reductions of 39% (95%CI 27–48%; P < 0.0001) for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization, 32% (95%CI 16–45%; P < 0.0001) for cardiovascular death, 46% (33–56%; P < 0.0001) for heart failure hospitalization, and 26% (95%CI 11–39%; P < 0.0001) for all-cause mortality. Conclusion These indirect comparisons of LCZ696 with a putative placebo show that the strategy of combined angiotensin receptor blockade and neprilysin inhibition led to striking reductions in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, as well as heart failure hospitalization. These benefits were obtained even though LCZ696 was added to comprehensive background beta-blocker and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- *Corresponding authors. (J.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Milton Packer
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- *Corresponding authors. (J.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Akshay Desai
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjian Gong
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Nicola Greenlaw
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Adel Rizkala
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Victor Shi
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Jean Rouleau
- Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada
| | - Scott Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl Swedberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Michael R. Zile
- Charles Ezra Daniel Professor of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, RHJ Department of VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Karl Andersen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Malcolm Arnold
- London Health Sciences Centre, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan Be˘lohlávek
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Böhm
- Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sergey Boytsov
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lesley Burgess
- Cardiology Trial Unit, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Chen-Huan Chen
- Professor of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Chief, Division of Faculty Development, Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | - Michael Fu
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Angel Gonzalez
- Instituto Dominicano de Cardiología, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | | | - Tzvetana Katova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging and Functional Diagnostic, National Cardiology Hospital, Bulgaria
| | | | - Kee-Sik Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Daegu Catholic University Medicine Centre, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Bela Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Iván Mendoza
- Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Arend Mosterd
- Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | | | - Keijo Peuhkurinen
- Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Felix Ramires
- Heart Institute (InCor)-University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jens Refsgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiology 1, Cardiovascular Department, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy, Italy
| | | | | | - Iain Squire
- University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Research Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - Randall C. Starling
- Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Emergency and University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - John R. Teerlink
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Cardiology, National University Hearty Centre, Singapore
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Simova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging and Functional Diagnostics; National Cardiology Hospital; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiovascular Imaging and Functional Diagnostics; National Cardiology Hospital; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Ciro Santoro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences; Federico University Hospital; Naples Italy
| | - Maurizio Galderisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences; Federico University Hospital; Naples Italy
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Krestjyaninov M, Gimaev R, Razin V, Halaph H, Shameeva O, Galli E, Oger E, Levery M, Mabo P, Donal E, Rodriguez Munoz D, Carbonell Sanroman A, Moya Mur J, Lazaro Rivera C, Fernandez Santos S, Rincon Diaz L, Casas Rojo E, Jimenez Nacher J, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Shamsheva D, Zaletova T, Parkhomenko O, Bogdanov A, Simova I, Katova T, Galderisi M, Pauncheva B, Ozawa K, Funabashi N, Takaoka H, Kobayashi Y, Moatemri F, Messaoudi Y, Mahdhaoui A, Bouraoui H, Hajri S, Jeridi G, Souza C, Nascimento C, Cordovil I, Belem L, Horcades R, Sahate A, Pereira S, Benchimol-Barbosa P, Barros C, Weitzel L, Altin C, Sade L, Gezmis E, Ozen N, Muderrisoglu H, Voilliot D, Magne J, Dulgheru R, Kou S, Henri C, Caballero L, De Sousa C, Sprynger M, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Miglioranza M, Mihaila S, Muraru D, Cucchini U, Cecchetto A, Cavalli G, Romeo G, Iliceto S, Badano L, Brecht A, Wageloehner T, Oertelt-Prigione S, Seeland U, Ruecke M, Baumann G, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Stangl V, Knebel F, Khanna R, Raghuwanshi A, Kapoor A, Tewari S, Garg N, Kumar S, Goel P, Altin C, Sade L, Gezmis E, Ozen N, Duzceker O, Muderrisoglu H, Petre I, Tautu O, Onciul S, Iancovici S, Zamfir D, Onut R, Dorobantu M, Jashari F, Ibrahimi P, Johansson E, Gronlund C, Bajraktari G, Wester P, Henein M, Torbas O, Sirenko Y, Radchenko G, Page M, Gerber B, Pasquet A, Pouleur A, Vancreynest D, Vanoverschelde J, Wieczorek J, Wieczorek P, Mizia M, Gieszczyk-Strozik K, Sikora-Puz A, Lasota B, Mizia-Stec K, Coisne A, Levy F, Malaquin D, Richardson M, Quere J, Montaigne D, Tribouilloy C, Miskowiec D, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Wejner-Mik P, Michalski B, Wdowiak-Okrojek K, Szymczyk E, Kasprzak J, Lipiec P, Grossi F, Oddo A, Pieri F, Cordisco A, Zucchini M, Mori F, Gensini G. Club 35 Poster session 1: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 09:00-16:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Santos M, Rivero J, Mccullough S, Opotowsky A, Waxman A, Systrom D, Shah A, Santoro C, Esposito R, Schiano Lomoriello V, Raia R, De Palma D, Ippolito R, Ierano P, Arpino G, De Simone G, Galderisi M, Cameli M, Lisi M, Di Tommaso C, Solari M, Focardi M, Maccherini M, Henein M, Galderisi M, Mondillo S, Simova I, Katova T, Galderisi M, Pauncheva B, Vrettos A, Dawson D, Grigoratos C, Papapolychroniou C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Voilliot D, Huttin O, Vaugrenard T, Venner C, Sadoul N, Aliot E, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Hamdi I, Mahfoudhi H, Ben Mansour N, Dahmani R, Lahidheb D, Fehri W, Haouala H, Erken Pamukcu H, Gerede D, Sorgun M, Akbostanci C, Turhan S, Erol U, Voilliot D, Magne J, Dulgheru R, Kou S, Henri C, Caballero L, De Sousa C, Sprynger M, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Panelo ML, Rodriguez-Fernandez A, Escriba-Bori S, Krol W, Konopka M, Burkhard K, Jedrzejewska I, Pokrywka A, Klusiewicz A, Chwalbinska J, Dluzniewski M, Braksator W, Elmissiri A, Eid M, Sayed I, Awadalla H, Schiano-Lomoriello V, Esposito R, Santoro C, Lo Iudice F, De Simone G, Galderisi M, Ibrahimi P, Jashari F, Johansson E, Gronlund C, Bajraktari G, Wester P, Henein M, Potluri R, Aziz A, Hooper J, Mummadi S, Uppal H, Asghar O, Chandran S, Surkova EA, Tereshina OV, Shchukin UV, Rubanenko AO, Medvedeva EA, Hamdi I, Mahfoudhi H, Ben Mansour N, Dahmani R, Lahidheb D, Fehri W, Haouala H, Krapf L, Nguyen V, Cimadevilla C, Himbert D, Brochet E, Iung B, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, Van De Heyning CM, Magne J, Pierard L, Bruyere P, Davin L, De Maeyer C, Paelinck B, Vrints C, Lancellotti P, Bertrand P, Groenendaels Y, Vertessen V, Mullens W, Pettinari M, Gutermann H, Dion R, Verhaert D, Vandervoort P, Guven S, Sen T, Tufekcioglu O, Gucuk E, Uygur B, Kahraman E, Valuckiene Z, Jurkevicius R, Pranevicius R, Marcinkeviciene J, Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene D, Stoskute N, Zaliunas R. Club 35 Poster session 2: Thursday 4 December 2014, 08:30-18:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shahgaldi K, Hegner T, Da Silva C, Fukuyama A, Takeuchi M, Uema A, Kado Y, Nagata Y, Hayashi A, Otani K, Fukuda S, Yoshitani H, Otsuji Y, Morhy S, Lianza A, Afonso T, Oliveira W, Tavares G, Rodrigues A, Vieira M, Warth A, Deutsch A, Fischer C, Tezynska-Oniszk I, Turska-Kmiec A, Kawalec W, Dangel J, Maruszewski B, Bokiniec R, Burczynski P, Borszewska-Kornacka K, Ziolkowska L, Zuk M, Troshina A, Dzhalilova D, Poteshkina N, Hamitov F, Warita S, Kawasaki M, Tanaka R, Yagasaki H, Minatoguchi S, Wanatabe T, Ono K, Noda T, Wanatabe S, Minatoguchi S, Angelis A, Ageli K, Vlachopoulos C, Felekos I, Ioakimidis N, Aznaouridis K, Vaina S, Abdelrasoul M, Tsiamis E, Stefanadis C, Cameli M, Sparla S, D'ascenzi F, Fineschi M, Favilli R, Pierli C, Henein M, Mondillo S, Lindqvist P, Tossavainen E, Gonzalez M, Soderberg S, Henein M, Holmgren A, Strachinaru M, Catez E, Jousten I, Pavel O, Janssen C, Morissens M, Chatzistamatiou E, Moustakas G, Memo G, Konstantinidis D, Mpampatzeva Vagena I, Manakos K, Traxanas K, Vergi N, Feretou A, Kallikazaros I, Tsai WC, Sun YT, Lee WH, Yang LT, Liu YW, Lee CH, Li WT, Mizariene V, Bieseviciene M, Karaliute R, Verseckaite R, Vaskelyte J, Lesauskaite V, Chatzistamatiou E, Mpampatseva Vagena I, Manakos K, Moustakas G, Konstantinidis D, Memo G, Mitsakis O, Kasakogias A, Syros P, Kallikazaros I, Hristova K, Cornelissen G, Singh R, Shiue I, Coisne D, Madjalian AM, Tchepkou C, Raud Raynier P, Degand B, Christiaens L, Baldenhofer G, Spethmann S, Dreger H, Sanad W, Baumann G, Stangl K, Stangl V, Knebel F, Azzaz S, Kacem S, Ouali S, Risos L, Dedobbeleer C, Unger P, Sinem Cakal S, Elif Eroglu E, Baydar O, Beytullah Cakal B, Mehmet Vefik Yazicioglu M, Mustafa Bulut M, Cihan Dundar C, Kursat Tigen K, Birol Ozkan B, Ali Metin Esen A, Tournoux F, Chequer R, Sroussi M, Hyafil F, Rouzet F, Leguludec D, Baum P, Stoebe S, Pfeiffer D, Hagendorff A, Fang F, Lau M, Zhang Q, Luo X, Wang X, Chen L, Yu C, Zaborska B, Smarz K, Makowska E, Kulakowski P, Budaj A, Bengrid TM, Zhao Y, Henein MY, Caminiti G, D'antoni V, Cardaci V, Conti V, Volterrani M, Warita S, Kawasaki M, Yagasaki H, Minatoguchi S, Nagaya M, Ono K, Noda T, Watanabe S, Houle H, Minatoguchi S, Gillebert TC, Chirinos JA, Claessens TC, Raja MW, De Buyzere ML, Segers P, Rietzschel ER, Kim K, Cha J, Chung H, Kim J, Yoon Y, Lee B, Hong B, Rim S, Kwon H, Choi E, Pyankov V, Aljaroudi W, Matta S, Al-Shaar L, Habib R, Gharzuddin W, Arnaout S, Skouri H, Jaber W, Abchee A, Bouzas Mosquera A, Peteiro J, Broullon F, Constanso Conde I, Bescos Galego H, Martinez Ruiz D, Yanez Wonenburger J, Vazquez Rodriguez J, Alvarez Garcia N, Castro Beiras A, Gunyeli E, Oliveira Da Silva C, Shahgaldi K, Manouras A, Winter R, Meimoun P, Abouth S, Martis S, Boulanger J, Elmkies F, Zemir H, Detienne J, Luycx-Bore A, Clerc J, Rodriguez Palomares JF, Gutierrez L, Maldonado G, Garcia G, Galuppo V, Gruosso D, Teixido G, Gonzalez Alujas M, Evangelista A, Garcia Dorado D, Rechcinski T, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Wejner-Mik P, Szymanska B, Jerczynska H, Lipiec P, Kasprzak J, El-Touny K, El-Fawal S, Loutfi M, El-Sharkawy E, Ashour S, Boniotti C, Carminati M, Fusini L, Andreini D, Pontone G, Pepi M, Caiani E, Oryshchyn N, Kramer B, Hermann S, Liu D, Hu K, Ertl G, Weidemann F, Ancona F, Miyazaki S, Slavich M, Figini F, Latib A, Chieffo A, Montorfano M, Alfieri O, Colombo A, Agricola E, Nogueira M, Branco L, Rosa S, Portugal G, Galrinho A, Abreu J, Cacela D, Patricio L, Fragata J, Cruz Ferreira R, Igual Munoz B, Erdociain Perales M, Maceira Gonzalez A, Estornell Erill Jordi J, Donate Bertolin L, Vazquez Sanchez Alejandro A, Miro Palau Vicente V, Cervera Zamora A, Piquer Gil M, Montero Argudo A, Girgis HYA, Illatopa V, Cordova F, Espinoza D, Ortega J, Khan U, Islam A, Majumder A, Girgis HYA, Bayat F, Naghshbandi E, Naghshbandi E, Samiei N, Samiei N, Malev E, Omelchenko M, Vasina L, Zemtsovsky E, Piatkowski R, Kochanowski J, Budnik M, Scislo P, Opolski G, Kochanowski J, Piatkowski R, Scislo P, Budnik M, Marchel M, Opolski G, Abid L, Ben Kahla S, Abid D, Charfeddine S, Maaloul I, Ben Jmaa M, Kammoun S, Hashimoto G, Suzuki M, Yoshikawa H, Otsuka T, Isekame Y, Yamashita H, Kawase I, Ozaki S, Nakamura M, Sugi K, Benvenuto E, Leggio S, Buccheri S, Bonura S, Deste W, Tamburino C, Monte IP, Gripari P, Fusini L, Muratori M, Tamborini G, Ghulam Ali S, Bottari V, Cefalu' C, Bartorelli A, Agrifoglio M, Pepi M, Zambon E, Iorio A, Di Nora C, Abate E, Lo Giudice F, Di Lenarda A, Agostoni P, Sinagra G, Timoteo AT, Galrinho A, Moura Branco L, Rio P, Aguiar Rosa S, Oliveira M, Silva Cunha P, Leal A, Cruz Ferreira R, Zemanek D, Tomasov P, Belehrad M, Kostalova J, Kara T, Veselka J, Hassanein M, El Tahan S, El Sharkawy E, Shehata H, Yoon Y, Choi H, Seo H, Lee S, Kim H, Youn T, Kim Y, Sohn D, Choi G, Mielczarek M, Huttin O, Voilliot D, Sellal J, Manenti V, Carillo S, Olivier A, Venner C, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Butz T, Faber L, Brand M, Piper C, Wiemer M, Noelke J, Sasko B, Langer C, Horstkotte D, Trappe H, Maysou L, Tessonnier L, Jacquier A, Serratrice J, Copel C, Stoppa A, Seguier J, Saby L, Verschueren A, Habib G, Petroni R, Bencivenga S, Di Mauro M, Acitelli A, Cicconetti M, Romano S, Petroni A, Penco M, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin-Sales J, Igual B, Sancho-Tello R, Ruvira J, Mayans J, Choi J, Kim S, Almeida A, Azevedo O, Amado J, Picarra B, Lima R, Cruz I, Pereira V, Marques N, Chatzistamatiou E, Konstantinidis D, Manakos K, Mpampatseva Vagena I, Moustakas G, Memo G, Mitsakis O, Kasakogias A, Syros P, Kallikazaros I, Cho E, Kim J, Hwang B, Kim D, Jang S, Jeon H, Cho J, Chatzistamatiou E, Konstantinidis D, Memo G, Mpapatzeva Vagena I, Moustakas G, Manakos K, Traxanas K, Vergi N, Feretou A, Kallikazaros I, Jedrzejewska I, Konopka M, Krol W, Swiatowiec A, Dluzniewski M, Braksator W, Sefri Noventi S, Sugiri S, Uddin I, Herminingsih S, Arif Nugroho M, Boedijitno S, Caro Codon J, Blazquez Bermejo Z, Valbuena Lopez SC, Lopez Fernandez T, Rodriguez Fraga O, Torrente Regidor M, Pena Conde L, Moreno Yanguela M, Buno Soto A, Lopez-Sendon JL, Stevanovic A, Dekleva M, Kim M, Kim S, Kim Y, Shim J, Park S, Park S, Kim Y, Shim W, Kozakova M, Muscelli E, Morizzo C, Casolaro A, Paterni M, Palombo C, Bayat F, Nazmdeh M, Naghshbandi E, Nateghi S, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Brzozowski W, Tomaszewski M, Nakano E, Harada T, Takagi Y, Yamada M, Takano M, Furukawa T, Akashi Y, Lindqvist G, Henein M, Backman C, Gustafsson S, Morner S, Marinov R, Hristova K, Geirgiev S, Pechilkov D, Kaneva A, Katova T, Pilosoff V, Pena Pena M, Mesa Rubio D, Ruiz Ortin M, Delgado Ortega M, Romo Penas E, Pardo Gonzalez L, Rodriguez Diego S, Hidalgo Lesmes F, Pan Alvarez-Ossorio M, Suarez De Lezo Cruz-Conde J, Gospodinova M, Sarafov S, Guergelcheva V, Vladimirova L, Tournev I, Denchev S, Mozenska O, Segiet A, Rabczenko D, Kosior D, Gao S, Eliasson M, Polte C, Lagerstrand K, Bech-Hanssen O, Morosin M, Piazza R, Leonelli V, Leiballi E, Pecoraro R, Cinello M, Dell' Angela L, Cassin M, Sinagra G, Nicolosi G, Savu O, Carstea N, Stoica E, Macarie C, Moldovan H, Iliescu V, Chioncel O, Moral S, Gruosso D, Galuppo V, Teixido G, Rodriguez-Palomares J, Gutierrez L, Evangelista A, Jansen Klomp WW, Peelen L, Spanjersberg A, Brandon Bravo Bruinsma G, Van 'T Hof A, Laveau F, Hammoudi N, Helft G, Barthelemy O, Michel P, Petroni T, Djebbar M, Boubrit L, Le Feuvre C, Isnard R, Bandera F, Generati G, Pellegrino M, Alfonzetti E, Labate V, Villani S, Gaeta M, Guazzi M, Gabriels C, Lancellotti P, Van De Bruaene A, Voilliot D, De Meester P, Buys R, Delcroix M, Budts W, Cruz I, Stuart B, Caldeira D, Morgado G, Almeida A, Lopes L, Fazendas P, Joao I, Cotrim C, Pereira H, Weissler Snir A, Greenberg G, Shapira Y, Weisenberg D, Monakier D, Nevzorov R, Sagie A, Vaturi M, Bando M, Yamada H, Saijo Y, Takagawa Y, Sawada N, Hotchi J, Hayashi S, Hirata Y, Nishio S, Sata M, Jackson T, Sammut E, Siarkos M, Lee L, Carr-White G, Rajani R, Kapetanakis S, Ciobotaru V, Yagasaki H, Kawasaki M, Tanaka R, Minatoguchi S, Sato N, Amano K, Warita S, Ono K, Noda T, Minatoguchi S, Breithardt OA, Razavi H, Nabutovsky Y, Ryu K, Gaspar T, Kosiuk J, John S, Prinzen F, Hindricks G, Piorkowski C, Nemchyna O, Tovstukha V, Chikovani A, Golikova I, Lutai M, Nemes A, Kalapos A, Domsik P, Lengyel C, Orosz A, Forster T, Nordenfur T, Babic A, Giesecke A, Bulatovic I, Ripsweden J, Samset E, Winter R, Larsson M, Blazquez Bermejo Z, Lopez Fernandez T, Caro Codon J, Valbuena S, Caro Codon J, Mori Junco R, Moreno Yanguela M, Lopez-Sendon J, Pinto-Teixeira P, Branco L, Galrinho A, Oliveira M, Cunha P, Silva T, Rio P, Feliciano J, Nogueira-Silva M, Ferreira R, Shkolnik E, Vasyuk Y, Nesvetov V, Shkolnik L, Varlan G, Bajraktari G, Ronn F, Ibrahimi P, Jashari F, Jensen S, Henein M, Kang MK, Mun HS, Choi S, Cho JR, Han S, Lee N, Cho IJ, Heo R, Chang H, Shin S, Shim C, Hong G, Chung N. Poster session 3: Thursday 4 December 2014, 14:00-18:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kovacs A, Assabiny A, Lakatos B, Apor A, Nagy A, Kutyifa V, Merkely B, Ulbrich S, Sveric K, Rady M, Strasser R, Ebner B, Lervik Nilsen LC, Brekke B, Missant C, Ortega A, Haemers P, Tong L, Sutherland G, D'hooge J, Stoylen A, Gurzun MM, Ionescu A, Santoro A, Federico Alvino F, Carlo Gaetano Sassi C, Giovanni Antonelli G, Sergio Mondillo S, Chumarnaya T, Alueva Y, Kochmasheva V, Mikhailov S, Ostern O, Solovyova O, Revishvili A, Markhasin V, Rodriguez Munoz D, Carbonell Sanroman A, Moya Mur J, Fernandez Santos S, Lazaro Rivera C, Valverde Gomez M, Casas Rojo E, Garcia Martin A, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Kanda T, Fujita M, Masuda M, Iida O, Okamoto S, Ishihara T, Nanto K, Shiraki T, Takahara M, Uematsu M, Kolesnyk MY, Victor K, Lux D, Carr-White G, Barrett N, Glover G, Langrish C, Meadows C, Ioannou N, Castaldi B, Vida V, Argiolas A, Maschietto N, Cerutti A, Biffanti R, Reffo E, Padalino M, Stellin G, Milanesi O, Simova I, Katova T, Galderisi M, Lalov I, Onciul S, Alexandrescu A, Petre I, Zamfir D, Onut R, Tautu O, Dorobantu M, Caldas A, Ladeia A, D'almeida J, Guimaraes A, Ball C, Abdelmoneim Mohamed S, Huang R, Zysek V, Mantovani F, Scott C, Mccully R, Mulvagh S, Lee JH, Cho G, Mihaila S, Muraru D, Aruta P, Piasentini E, Cavalli G, Ucci L, Peluso D, Vinereanu D, Iliceto S, Badano L, Ozawa K, Funabashi N, Takaoka H, Kamata T, Nomura F, Kobayashi Y, Ovsianas J, Valuckiene Z, Mizariene V, Jurkevicius R, Reskovic Luksic V, Dosen D, Cekovic S, Separovic Hanzevacki J, Simova I, Katova T, Santoro C, Galderisi M, Kalcik M, Cakal B, Gursoy M, Astarcioglu M, Yesin M, Gunduz S, Karakoyun S, Cersit S, Toprak C, Ozkan M. Club 35 Poster session 3: Friday 5 December 2014, 08:30-18:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tong L, Huang C, Ramalli A, Tortoli P, Luo J, D'hooge J, Tzemos N, Mordi I, Bishay T, Bishay T, Negishi T, Hristova K, Kurosawa K, Bansal M, Thavendiranathan P, Yuda S, Popescu B, Vinereanu D, Penicka M, Marwick T, Hamed W, Kamel M, Yaseen R, El-Barbary H, Nemes A, Kis O, Gavaller H, Kanyo E, Forster T, Angelis A, Vlachopoulos C, Ioakimidis N, Felekos I, Chrysohoou C, Aznaouridis K, Abdelrasoul M, Terentes D, Ageli K, Stefanadis C, Kurnicka K, Domienik-Karlowicz J, Lichodziejewska B, Goliszek S, Grudzka K, Krupa M, Dzikowska-Diduch O, Ciurzynski M, Pruszczyk P, Gual Capllonch F, Lopez Ayerbe J, Teis A, Ferrer E, Vallejo N, Junca G, Pla R, Bayes-Genis A, Schwaiger J, Knight D, Gallimore A, Schreiber B, Handler C, Coghlan J, Bruno RM, Giardini G, Malacrida S, Catuzzo B, Armenia S, Brustia R, Ghiadoni L, Cauchy E, Pratali L, Kim K, Lee K, Cho J, Yoon H, Ahn Y, Jeong M, Cho J, Park J, Cho S, Nastase O, Enache R, Mateescu A, Botezatu D, Popescu B, Ginghina C, Gu H, Sinha M, Simpson J, Chowienczyk P, Fazlinezhad A, Tashakori Behesthi A, Homaei F, Mostafavi H, Hosseini G, Bakaeiyan M, Boutsikou M, Petrou E, Dimopoulos A, Dritsas A, Leontiadis E, Karatasakis G, Sahin ST, Yurdakul S, Yilmaz N, Cengiz B, Cagatay Y, Aytekin S, Yavuz S, Karlsen S, Dahlslett T, Grenne B, Sjoli B, Smiseth O, Edvardsen T, Brunvand H, Nasr G, Nasr A, Eleraki A, Elrefai S, Mordi I, Sonecki P, Tzemos N, Gustafsson U, Naar J, Stahlberg M, Cerne A, Capotosto L, Rosato E, D'angeli I, Azzano A, Truscelli G, De Maio M, Salsano F, Terzano C, Mangieri E, Vitarelli A, Renard S, Najih H, Mancini J, Jacquier A, Haentjens J, Gaubert J, Habib G, Caminiti G, D'antoni V, D'antoni V, Cardaci V, Cardaci V, Conti V, Conti V, Volterrani M, Volterrani M, Ahn J, Kim D, Lee H, Iliuta L, Lo Iudice F, Esposito R, Lembo M, Santoro C, Ballo P, Mondillo S, De Simone G, Galderisi M, Hwang Y, Kim J, Kim J, Moon K, Yoo K, Kim C, Tagliamonte E, Rigo F, Cirillo T, Caruso A, Astarita C, Cice G, Quaranta G, Romano C, Capuano N, Calabro' R, Zagatina A, Zhuravskaya N, Guseva O, Huttin O, Benichou M, Voilliot D, Venner C, Micard E, Girerd N, Sadoul N, Moulin F, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Baron T, Christersson C, Johansson K, Flachskampf F, Lee S, Lee J, Hur S, Park J, Yun J, Song S, Kim W, Ko J, Nyktari E, Bilal S, Ali S, Izgi C, Prasad S, Aly M, Kleijn S, Kandil H, Kamp O, Beladan C, Calin A, Rosca M, Craciun A, Gurzun M, Calin C, Enache R, Mateescu A, Ginghina C, Popescu B, Mornos C, Mornos A, Ionac A, Cozma D, Crisan S, Popescu I, Ionescu G, Petrescu L, Camacho S, Gamaza Chulian S, Carmona R, Diaz E, Giraldez A, Gutierrez A, Toro R, Benezet J, Antonini-Canterin F, Vriz O, La Carrubba S, Poli S, Leiballi E, Zito C, Careri S, Caruso R, Pellegrinet M, Nicolosi G, Kong W, Kyu K, Wong R, Tay E, Yip J, Yeo T, Poh K, Correia M, Delgado A, Marmelo B, Correia E, Abreu L, Cabral C, Gama P, Santos O, Rahman M, Borges IP, Peixoto E, Peixoto R, Peixoto R, Marcolla V, Okura H, Kanai M, Murata E, Kataoka T, Stoebe S, Tarr 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Poster session 1: Wednesday 3 December 2014, 09:00-16:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15:ii25-ii51. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
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Packer M, McMurray JJV, Desai AS, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP, Rizkala AR, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Zile M, Andersen K, Arango JL, Arnold JM, Bělohlávek J, Böhm M, Boytsov S, Burgess LJ, Cabrera W, Calvo C, Chen CH, Dukat A, Duarte YC, Erglis A, Fu M, Gomez E, Gonzàlez-Medina A, Hagège AA, Huang J, Katova T, Kiatchoosakun S, Kim KS, Kozan Ö, Llamas EB, Martinez F, Merkely B, Mendoza I, Mosterd A, Negrusz-Kawecka M, Peuhkurinen K, Ramires FJA, Refsgaard J, Rosenthal A, Senni M, Sibulo AS, Silva-Cardoso J, Squire IB, Starling RC, Teerlink JR, Vanhaecke J, Vinereanu D, Wong RCC. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition compared with enalapril on the risk of clinical progression in surviving patients with heart failure. Circulation 2014; 131:54-61. [PMID: 25403646 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials in heart failure have focused on the improvement in symptoms or decreases in the risk of death and other cardiovascular events. Little is known about the effect of drugs on the risk of clinical deterioration in surviving patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared the angiotensin-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 (400 mg daily) with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril (20 mg daily) in 8399 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction in a double-blind trial. The analyses focused on prespecified measures of nonfatal clinical deterioration. In comparison with the enalapril group, fewer LCZ696-treated patients required intensification of medical treatment for heart failure (520 versus 604; hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.74-0.94; P=0.003) or an emergency department visit for worsening heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.85; P=0.001). The patients in the LCZ696 group had 23% fewer hospitalizations for worsening heart failure (851 versus 1079; P<0.001) and were less likely to require intensive care (768 versus 879; 18% rate reduction, P=0.005), to receive intravenous positive inotropic agents (31% risk reduction, P<0.001), and to have implantation of a heart failure device or cardiac transplantation (22% risk reduction, P=0.07). The reduction in heart failure hospitalization with LCZ696 was evident within the first 30 days after randomization. Worsening of symptom scores in surviving patients was consistently more common in the enalapril group. LCZ696 led to an early and sustained reduction in biomarkers of myocardial wall stress and injury (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin) versus enalapril. CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition prevents the clinical progression of surviving patients with heart failure more effectively than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01035255.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - John J V McMurray
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Akshay S Desai
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Jianjian Gong
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Martin P Lefkowitz
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Adel R Rizkala
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Jean L Rouleau
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Victor C Shi
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Scott D Solomon
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Karl Swedberg
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Michael Zile
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Karl Andersen
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Juan Luis Arango
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - J Malcolm Arnold
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Jan Bělohlávek
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Michael Böhm
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Sergey Boytsov
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Lesley J Burgess
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Walter Cabrera
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Carlos Calvo
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Andrej Dukat
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Yan Carlos Duarte
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Andrejs Erglis
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Michael Fu
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Efrain Gomez
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Angel Gonzàlez-Medina
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Albert A Hagège
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Jun Huang
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Tzvetana Katova
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Songsak Kiatchoosakun
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Kee-Sik Kim
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Ömer Kozan
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Edmundo Bayram Llamas
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Felipe Martinez
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Bela Merkely
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Iván Mendoza
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Arend Mosterd
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Marta Negrusz-Kawecka
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Keijo Peuhkurinen
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Felix J A Ramires
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Jens Refsgaard
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Arvo Rosenthal
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Michele Senni
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Antonio S Sibulo
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - José Silva-Cardoso
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Iain B Squire
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Randall C Starling
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - John R Teerlink
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Johan Vanhaecke
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
| | - Raymond Ching-Chiew Wong
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (J.J.V.M.); Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, MA (A.S.D., S.D.S.); Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ (J.G., M.P.L., A.R.R., V.C.S.); Université de Montréal, Institut de Cardiologie, Montréal, Canada (J.L.R.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden (K.S.); The Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC (M.Z.); School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (K.A.); Unidad de Cirugía Cardiovascular de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (J.L.A); Western University, Department of Medicine and Physiology, Ontario, Canada (J.M.A.); 2nd Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Medical School, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic (J.B.); Department of Cardiology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (M.B.); National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia (S.B.); TREAD Research, Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa (L.J.B.); Clinica Vesalio, Lima, Peru (W.C.); Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain (C.C.); Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China (C.-H.C.); Second Department of Internal Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia (A.D.); Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Y.C.D.); Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (A.E.); Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden (M.F.); Clinica Shaio, Bo
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Hristova K, Vladimirova_kitova L, Nikolov F, Katova T. PM241 Left ventricle/right ventricle interaction in patients with arterial hypertension. Glob Heart 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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D'andrea A, Riegler L, Di Palma E, Martone F, Cocchie R, Padalino R, Calabro' R, Caso P, Russo M, Bossone E, Buera Surribas I, Mutuberria Urdaniz M, Rodriguez Palomares J, Pineda Sanchez V, Otaegui Irurueta I, Gutierrez Garcia-Moreno L, Evangelista Masip A, Garcia Dorado D, Hristova K, Katova T, Kostova V, Simova I, Okino S, Sugioka J, Ikeda A, Maekawa J, Maekawa S, Ichikawa S, Kuroiwa N, Okamoto S, Fukuzawa S, Inagaki M, Spinelli L, Morisco C, Giudice K, Castaldo D, Trimarco B. Oral Abstract session * Role of imaging to predict left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: 12/12/2013, 16:30-18:00 * Location: Bursa. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jet221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abdovic E, Abdovic S, Hristova K, Hristova K, Katova T, Katova T, Gocheva N, Gocheva N, Pavlova M, Pavlova M, Gurzun MM, Ionescu A, Canpolat U, Yorgun H, Sunman H, Sahiner L, Kaya E, Ozer N, Tokgozoglu L, Kabakci G, Aytemir K, Oto A, Gonella A, D'ascenzo F, Casasso F, Conte E, Margaria F, Grosso Marra W, Frea S, Morello M, Bobbio M, Gaita F, Seo H, Lee S, Lee J, Yoon Y, Park E, Kim H, Park S, Lee H, Kim Y, Sohn D, Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Orosz A, Lengyel C, Forster T, Enache R, Muraru D, Popescu B, Calin A, Nastase O, Botezatu D, Purcarea F, Rosca M, Beladan C, Ginghina C, Canpolat U, Aytemir K, Ozer N, Yorgun H, Sahiner L, Kaya E, Oto A, Muraru D, Piasentini E, Mihaila S, Padayattil Jose' S, Peluso D, Ucci L, Naso P, Puma L, Iliceto S, Badano L, Cikes M, Jakus N, Sutherland G, Haemers P, D'hooge J, Claus P, Yurdakul S, Oner F, Direskeneli H, Sahin T, Cengiz B, Ercan G, Bozkurt A, Aytekin S, Osa Saez AM, Rodriguez-Serrano M, Lopez-Vilella R, Buendia-Fuentes F, Domingo-Valero D, Quesada-Carmona A, Miro-Palau V, Arnau-Vives M, Palencia-Perez M, Rueda-Soriano J, Lipczynska M, Piotr Szymanski P, Anna Klisiewicz A, Lukasz Mazurkiewicz L, Piotr Hoffman P, Kim K, Cho S, Ahn Y, Jeong M, Cho J, Park J, Chinali M, Franceschini A, Matteucci M, Doyon A, Esposito C, Del Pasqua A, Rinelli G, Schaefer F, Kowalik E, Klisiewicz A, Rybicka J, Szymanski P, Biernacka E, Hoffman P, Lee S, Kim W, Yun H, Jung L, Kim E, Ko J, Ruddox V, Norum I, Edvardsen T, Baekkevar M, Otterstad J, Erdei T, Edwards J, Braim D, Yousef Z, Fraser A, Melcher A, Reiner B, Hansen A, Strandberg L, Caidahl K, Wellnhofer E, Kriatselis C, Gerd-Li H, Furundzija V, Thnabalasingam U, Fleck E, Graefe M, Park Y, Moon J, Ahn T, Baydar O, Kadriye Kilickesmez K, Ugur Coskun U, Polat Canbolat P, Veysel Oktay V, Umit Yasar Sinan U, Okay Abaci O, Cuneyt Kocas C, Sinan Uner S, Serdar Kucukoglu S, Ferferieva V, Claus P, Rademakers F, D'hooge J, Le TT, Wong P, Tee N, Huang F, Tan R, Altman M, Logeart D, Bergerot C, Gellen B, Pare C, Gerard S, Sirol M, Vicaut E, Mercadier J, Derumeaux GA, Park TH, Park JI, Shin SW, Yun SH, Lee JE, Makavos G, Kouris N, Keramida K, Dagre A, Ntarladimas I, Kostopoulos V, Damaskos D, Olympios C, Leong D, Piers S, Hoogslag G, Hoke U, Thijssen J, Ajmone Marsan N, Schalij M, Bax J, Zeppenfeld K, Delgado V, Rio P, Branco L, Galrinho A, Cacela D, Abreu J, Timoteo A, Teixeira P, Pereira-Da-Silva T, Selas M, Cruz Ferreira R, Popa BA, Zamfir L, Novelli E, Lanzillo G, Karazanishvili L, Musica G, Stelian E, Benea D, Diena M, Cerin G, Fusini L, Mirea O, Tamborini G, Muratori M, Gripari P, Ghulam Ali S, Cefalu' C, Maffessanti F, Andreini D, Pepi M, Mamdoo F, Goncalves A, Peters F, Matioda H, Govender S, Dos Santos C, Essop M, Kuznetsov VA, Yaroslavskaya EI, Pushkarev GS, Krinochkin DV, Kolunin GV, Bennadji A, Hascoet S, Dulac Y, Hadeed K, Peyre M, Ricco L, Clement L, Acar P, Ding W, Zhao Y, Lindqvist P, Nilson J, Winter R, Holmgren A, Ruck A, Henein M, Illatopa V, Cordova F, Espinoza D, Ortega J, Cavalcante J, Patel M, Katz W, Schindler J, Crock F, Khanna M, Khandhar S, Tsuruta H, Kohsaka S, Murata M, Yasuda R, Tokuda H, Kawamura A, Maekawa Y, Hayashida K, Fukuda K, Le Tourneau T, Kyndt F, Lecointe S, Duval D, Rimbert A, Merot J, Trochu J, Probst V, Le Marec H, Schott J, Veronesi F, Addetia K, Corsi C, Lamberti C, Lang R, Mor-Avi V, Gjerdalen GF, Hisdal J, Solberg E, Andersen T, Radunovic Z, Steine K, Maffessanti F, Gripari P, Tamborini G, Muratori M, Fusini L, Ferrari C, Caiani E, Alamanni F, Bartorelli A, Pepi M, D'ascenzi F, Cameli M, Iadanza A, Lisi M, Reccia R, Curci V, Sinicropi G, Henein M, Pierli C, Mondillo S, Rekhraj S, Hoole S, Mcnab D, Densem C, Boyd J, Parker K, Shapiro L, Rana B, Kotrc M, Vandendriessche T, Bartunek J, Claeys M, Vanderheyden M, Paelinck B, De Bock D, De Maeyer C, Vrints C, Penicka M, Silveira C, Albuquerque E, Lamprea D, Larangeiras V, Moreira C, Victor Filho M, Alencar B, Silveira A, Castillo J, Zambon E, Iorio A, Carriere C, Pantano A, Barbati G, Bobbo M, Abate E, Pinamonti B, Di Lenarda A, Sinagra G, Salemi VMC, Tavares L, Ferreira Filho J, Oliveira A, Pessoa F, Ramires F, Fernandes F, Mady C, Cavarretta E, Lotrionte M, Abbate A, Mezzaroma E, De Marco E, Peruzzi M, Loperfido F, Biondi-Zoccai G, Frati G, Palazzoni G, Park TH, Lee JE, Lee DH, Park JS, Park K, Kim MH, Kim YD, Van 'T Sant J, Gathier W, Leenders G, Meine M, Doevendans P, Cramer M, Poyhonen P, Kivisto S, Holmstrom M, Hanninen H, Schnell F, Betancur J, Daudin M, Simon A, Carre F, Tavard F, Hernandez A, Garreau M, Donal E, Calore C, Muraru D, Badano L, Melacini P, Mihaila S, Denas G, Naso P, Casablanca S, Santi F, Iliceto S, Aggeli C, Venieri E, Felekos I, Anastasakis A, Ritsatos K, Kakiouzi V, Kastellanos S, Cutajar I, Stefanadis C, Palecek T, Honzikova J, Poupetova H, Vlaskova H, Kuchynka P, Linhart A, Elmasry O, Mohamed M, Elguindy W, Bishara P, Garcia-Gonzalez P, Cozar-Santiago P, Bochard-Villanueva B, Fabregat-Andres O, Cubillos-Arango A, Valle-Munoz A, Ferrer-Rebolleda J, Paya-Serrano R, Estornell-Erill J, Ridocci-Soriano F, Jensen M, Havndrup O, Christiansen M, Andersen P, Axelsson A, Kober L, Bundgaard H, Karapinar H, Kaya A, Uysal E, Guven A, Kucukdurmaz Z, Oflaz M, Deveci K, Sancakdar E, Gul I, Yilmaz A, Tigen MK, Karaahmet T, Dundar C, Yalcinsoy M, Tasar O, Bulut M, Takir M, Akkaya E, Jedrzejewska I, Braksator W, Krol W, Swiatowiec A, Dluzniewski M, Lipari P, Bonapace S, Zenari L, Valbusa F, Rossi A, Lanzoni L, Molon G, Canali G, Campopiano E, Barbieri E, Rueda Calle E, Alfaro Rubio F, Gomez Gonzalez J, Gonzalez Santos P, Cameli M, Lisi M, Focardi M, D'ascenzi F, Solari M, Galderisi M, Mondillo S, Pratali L, Bruno RM, Corciu A, Comassi M, Passera M, Gastaldelli A, Mrakic-Sposta S, Vezzoli A, Picano E, Perry R, Penhall A, De Pasquale C, Selvanayagam J, Joseph M, Simova II, Katova TM, Kostova V, Hristova K, Lalov I, D'ascenzi F, Pelliccia A, Natali B, Cameli M, Alvino F, Zorzi A, Corrado D, Bonifazi M, Mondillo S, Rees E, Rakebrandt F, Rees D, Halcox J, Fraser A, O'driscoll J, Lau N, Perez-Lopez M, Sharma R, Lichodziejewska B, Goliszek S, Kurnicka K, Kostrubiec M, Dzikowska Diduch O, Krupa M, Grudzka K, Ciurzynski M, Palczewski P, Pruszczyk P, Gheorghe L, Castillo Ortiz J, Del Pozo Contreras R, Calle Perez G, Sancho Jaldon M, Cabeza Lainez P, Vazquez Garcia R, Fernandez Garcia P, Chueca Gonzalez E, Arana Granados R, Zhao X, Xu X, Bai Y, Qin Y, Leren I, Hasselberg N, Saberniak J, Leren T, Edvardsen T, Haugaa K, Daraban AM, Sutherland G, Claus P, Werner B, Gewillig M, Voigt J, Santoro A, Ierano P, De Stefano F, Esposito R, De Palma D, Ippolito R, Tufano A, Galderisi M, Costa R, Fischer C, Rodrigues A, Monaco C, Lira Filho E, Vieira M, Cordovil A, Oliveira E, Mohry S, Gaudron P, Niemann M, Herrmann S, Strotmann J, Beer M, Hu K, Bijnens B, Ertl G, Weidemann F, Baktir A, Sarli B, Cicek M, Karakas M, Saglam H, Arinc H, Akil M, Kaya H, Ertas F, Bilik M, Yildiz A, Oylumlu M, Acet H, Aydin M, Yuksel M, Alan S, O'driscoll J, Gravina A, Di Fino S, Thompson M, Karthigelasingham A, Ray K, Sharma R, De Chiara B, Russo C, Alloni M, Belli O, Spano' F, Botta L, Palmieri B, Martinelli L, Giannattasio C, Moreo A, Mateescu A, La Carrubba S, Vriz O, Di Bello V, Carerj S, Zito C, Ginghina C, Popescu B, Nicolosi G, Antonini-Canterin F, Malev E, Omelchenko M, Vasina L, Luneva E, Zemtsovsky E, Cikes M, Velagic V, Gasparovic H, Kopjar T, Colak Z, Hlupic L, Biocina B, Milicic D, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Poterala M, Tomaszewski M, Brzozowski W, Kijima Y, Akagi T, Nakagawa K, Ikeda M, Watanabe N, Ueoka A, Takaya Y, Oe H, Toh N, Ito H, Bochard Villanueva B, Paya-Serrano R, Fabregat-Andres O, Garcia-Gonzalez P, Perez-Bosca J, Cubillos-Arango A, Chacon-Hernandez N, Higueras-Ortega L, De La Espriella-Juan R, Ridocci-Soriano F, Noack T, Mukherjee C, Ionasec R, Voigt I, Kiefer P, Hoebartner M, Misfeld M, Mohr FW, Seeburger J, Daraban AM, Baltussen L, Amzulescu M, Bogaert J, Jassens S, Voigt J, Duchateau N, Giraldeau G, Gabrielli L, Penela D, Evertz R, Mont L, Brugada J, Berruezo A, Bijnens B, Sitges M, Yoshikawa H, Suzuki M, Hashimoto G, Kusunose Y, Otsuka T, Nakamura M, Sugi K, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa D, Romo E, Delgado M, Seoane T, Martin M, Carrasco F, Lopez Granados A, Arizon J, Suarez De Lezo J, Magalhaes A, Cortez-Dias N, Silva D, Menezes M, Saraiva M, Santos L, Costa A, Costa L, Nunes Diogo A, Fiuza M, Ren B, De Groot-De Laat L, Mcghie J, Vletter W, Geleijnse M, Toda H, Oe H, Osawa K, Miyoshi T, Ugawa S, Toh N, Nakamura K, Kohno K, Morita H, Ito H, El Ghannudi S, Germain P, Samet H, Jeung M, Roy C, Gangi A, Orii M, Hirata K, Yamano T, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Kubo T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Sunbul M, Kivrak T, Oguz M, Ozguven S, Gungor S, Dede F, Turoglu H, Yildizeli B, Mutlu B, Mihaila S, Muraru D, Piasentini E, Peluso D, Cucchini U, Casablanca S, Naso P, Iliceto S, Vinereanu D, Badano L, Rodriguez Munoz D, Moya Mur J, Becker Filho D, Gonzalez A, Casas Rojo E, Garcia Martin A, Recio Vazquez M, Rincon L, Fernandez Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Ledakowicz-Polak A, Polak L, Zielinska M, Kamiyama T, Nakade T, Nakamura Y, Ando T, Kirimura M, Inoue Y, Sasaki O, Nishioka T, Farouk H, Sakr B, Elchilali K, Said K, Sorour K, Salah H, Mahmoud G, Casanova Rodriguez C, Cano Carrizal R, Iglesias Del Valle D, Martin Penato Molina A, Garcia Garcia A, Prieto Moriche E, Alvarez Rubio J, De Juan Bagua J, Tejero Romero C, Plaza Perez I, Korlou P, Stefanidis A, Mpikakis N, Ikonomidis I, Anastasiadis S, Komninos K, Nikoloudi P, Margos P, Pentzeridis P. Poster session Thursday 12 December - AM: 12/12/2013, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jet203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jovanovic I, Giga V, Tesic M, Paunovic I, Kostic J, Dobric M, Dikic M, Stepanovic J, Belesiln B, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Lindqvist P, Henein M, Soderberg S, Gonzalez M, Tossavainen E, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Tesic M, Stepanovic J, Giga V, Kostic J, Trifunovic D, Jovanovic I, Paunovic I, Stanic S, Beleslin B, Koutsogiannis N, Moulias A, Xanthopoulou I, Mavronasiou E, Kakkavas A, Davlouros P, Alexopoulos D, Barbier P, Cefalu' C, Gripari P, Pontone G, Andreini D, Pepi M, Duncan AM, Snow T, Barker S, Davies S, Di Mario C, Moat N, Serra W, Chetta A, Marangio E, Reverberi C, Cattabiani MA, Ardissino D, Sahlen A, Hakansson F, Shahgaldi K, Manouras A, Norman M, Winter R, Johnson J, Fawzi S, Rafla SM, El Atroush H, Farouk K, Wilson C, Hilde J, Skjoerten I, Melsom M, Humerfelt S, Hansteen V, Hisdal J, Steine K, Rees P, Hutchings S, Magnino C, Omede' P, Avenatti E, Chiarlo M, Presutti D, Bucca C, Moretti C, Gaita F, Veglio F, Milan A, Kostic J, Tesic M, Stepanovic J, Giga V, Paunovic I, Marinkovic A, Jovanovic I, Beleslin B, Ostojic M, Djordjevic Dikic A, Najjar E, Winter R, Gunyeli E, Shahgaldi K, Manouras A, Rodriguez Munoz DA, Moya Mur J, Baguda JDJ, Lazaro Rivera C, Navas Tejedor P, Jimenez Nacher J, Castillo Orive M, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Satendra M, Sargento L, Sousa C, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Said K, Shehata A, Ashour Z, El-Tobgi S, Li Kam Wa M, Pabari P, Perry S, Kyriacou A, Manisty C, Francis D, Kusmierczyk-Droszcz B, Kowalik E, Niewiadomska J, Lech A, Hoffman P, Patrianakos A, Kalogerakis A, Zacharaki A, Nyktari E, Psathakis E, Parthenakis F, Vardas P, Stefani L, Milicia M, Bartolini A, Gori N, Tempesti G, Toncelli L, Vono M, Di Tante V, Pedri S, Galanti G, Zhong L, Huang F, Le T, Chen Q, Gao F, Tan R, Anwar A, Nosir Y, Alasnig M, Llemit M, Alhagoly A, Chamsi-Pasha H, Trifunovic D, Ostojic M, Stankovic S, Vujisic-Tesic B, Petrovic M, Nedeljkovic I, Beleslin B, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Banovic M, Tesic M, Orii M, Hirata K, Tanimoto T, Ishibashi K, Yamano T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Kubo T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Giesecke A, Ripsweden J, Shahgaldi K, Guyeli E, Winter R, Hristova K, Vasilev D, Pavlov P, Katova T, Simova I, Kostova V, Wada T, Hirata KH, Kubo T, Shiono Y, Ishibashi K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Imanishi TI, Akasaka T, Martirosyan M, Adamyan K, Chilingaryan A, Negrea S, Alexandrescu C, Civaia F, Bourlon F, Dreyfus G, Malev E, Kim G, Omelchenko M, Mitrofanova L, Zemtsovsky E, Santoro A, Costantino F, Dores E, Tarsia G, Di Natale M, Innelli P, Schiano Lomoriello V, De Stefano F, Galderisi M, Lee SP, Ahn H, Hwang H, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim K, Kim K, Sohn D, Ahn H, Calin A, Popescu B, Rosca M, Beladan C, Enache R, Gurzun M, Calinescu C, Calin C, Ginghina C, Rafla S, Hamdy S, Lotfi M, Elneklawy M, Mordi I, Spratt J, Sonecki P, Stanton T, Mcculloch A, Goodfield N, Tzemos N, Ghulam Ali S, Fusini L, Tamborini G, Celeste F, Gripari P, Muratori M, Maffessanti F, Mirea O, Alamanni F, Pepi M, Demirkan B, Guray Y, Guray U, Ege M, Kisacik H, Sasmaz H, Korkmaz S, Petrovic-Nagorni S, Zdravkovic-Ciric S, Nagorni A, Stanojevic D, Jankovic-Tomasevic R, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Szymanski C, Magne J, Rusinaru D, Fournier A, Mezghani S, Peltier M, Touati G, Tribouilloy C, Huttin O, Khachab H, Voilliot D, Schwartz J, Zinzius P, Lemoine S, Carillo S, Popovic B, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Kimura K, Takenaka K, Ebihara A, Uno K, Morita H, Nakajima T, Motoyoshi Y, Komori T, Yatomi Y, Nagai R, Mihaila S, Mincu R, Rimbas R, Badiu C, Vinereanu D, Igual Munoz B, Maceira Gonzalez A, Domingo Valero D, Estornell Erill J, Giner Blasco J, Arnau Vives M, Molina Aguilar P, Navarro Manchon J, Zorio Grima E, Miglioranza M, Sant'anna R, Rover M, Mantovani A, Lessa J, Haertel J, Salgado Filho P, Kalil R, Leiria T, Risum N, Sogaard P, Fritz Hansen T, Bruun N, Kisslo J, Velazquez E, Jons C, Olsen N, Azevedo O, Lourenco M, Machado I, Pereira V, Medeiros R, Pereira A, Quelhas I, Lourenco A, Rangel I, Goncalves A, Sousa C, Correia A, Pinho T, Madureira A, Martins E, Silva-Cardoso J, Macedo F, Maciel M, Kinova E, Zlatareva N, Goudev A, Rogge B, Cramariuc D, Lonnebakken M, Rieck A, Gohlke-Baerwolf C, Chambers J, Boman K, Gerdts E, Florescu M, Mihalcea D, Enescu O, Suran B, Mincu R, Patrascu N, Magda L, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Bruno R, Cogo A, Bartesaghi M, Thapa K, Duo E, Basnyat B, Ghiadoni L, Picano E, Sicari R, Pratali L, Jensen-Urstad K, Nordin A, Bjornadal L, Svenungsson E, King GJ, Murphy R, Almuntaser I, Mc Loughlin B, Livingston A, Nevin S, Clarke J, De Sousa CC, Rangel I, Martins E, Correia A, Nadais G, Silveira F, Silva Cardoso J, Goncalves A, Macedo F, Maciel M, Lindqvist P, Henein M, Hornsten R, Rasmunsson J, Hedstrom M, Alm C, Filali T, Jedaida B, Lahidheb D, Gommidh M, Mahfoudhi H, Hajlaoui N, Dahmani R, Fehri W, Haouala H, Shin SH, Woo S, Kim D, Park K, Kwan J, Brambila CA, Gabrielli L, Bijnens B, Marin J, Sitges I, Grazioli G, Pare C, Mont L, Brugada J, Sitges M, Pica S, Ghio S, Raineri C, Camporotondo R, Rordorf R, Previtali M, Landolina M, Valentini A, Turco A, Visconti L, Stuart B, Santos A, Cruz I, Caldeira D, Cotrim C, Fazendas P, Joao I, Almeida A, Pereira H, Goncalves A, Pinho T, Sousa C, Rangel I, Correia A, Madureira A, Macedo F, Zamorano JL, Maciel M, Driessen M, Kort E, Leiner T, Cramer M, Sieswerda G, Chamuleau S, Kim D, Choi Y, Park H, Kim H, Shin J, Song J, Kang D, Song J, Parisi V, Galasso G, Festa G, Piccolo R, Rengo G, De Rosa R, Pagano G, Iacotucci P, Leosco D, Piscione F, Bellsham-Revell H, Nedjati-Gilani S, Yao C, Pushparajah K, Penney G, Simpson J, Lopez Melgar B, Sanchez Sanchez V, Rodriguez Garcia J, Coma Samartin R, Martin Asenjo R, Fernandez Casares S, Lopez-Guarch CJ, Diaz Anton B, Mayordomo Gomez S, Lombera Romero F, Yamada S, Okada K, Iwano H, Nishino H, Nakabachi M, Yokoyama S, Kaga S, Mikami T, Tsutsui H, Stoebe S, Tarr A, Pfeiffer D, Hagendorff A, Klitsie L, Roest A, Kuipers I, Van Der Hulst A, Hazekamp M, Blom N, Ten Harkel A, Hagendorff A, Stoebe S, Tarr A, Gelbrich G, Loeffler M, Pfeiffer D, Badran H, Elnoamany M, Soltan G, Ezat M, Elsedi M, Abdelfatah R, Yacoub M, Kydd A, Khan F, Mccormick L, Gopalan D, Virdee M, Dutka D, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa D, Delgado M, Romo E, Morenate M, Baeza F, Castillo F, Lopez Granados A, Del Prado JA, De Lezo JS, Kilickiran Avci B, Yurdakul S, Sahin S, Ermis E, Dilekci B, Aytekin S, Turhan S, Gerede D, Hural R, Ozcan O, Candemir B, Erol C, Saha SK, Kiotsekoglou A, Gopal A, Govind S, Lindqvist P, Soderberg S, Kawata T, Daimon M, Sekita G, Miyazaki S, Ichikawa R, Maruyama M, Suzuki H, Daida H, Persic V, Lovric D, Jurin H, Pehar Pejcinovic V, Baricevic Z, Pezo Nikolic B, Ivanac Vranesic I, Separovic Hanzevacki J, Ahn H, Cho G, Lee S, Kim H, Kim Y, Sohn D, Igual Munoz B, Estornell Erill J, Gonzalez AM, Bel Minguez A, Perez Guillen M, Donate Bertolin L, Monmeneu Menadas J, Lopez Lereu P, La Huerta AA, Argudo AM, Igual Munoz B, Gonzalez AM, Valero DD, La Huerta AA, Fernandez PA, Ferrer JM, Rueda Soriano J, Buendia Sanchez F, Estornell Erill J, Carrasco J, Carvalho MS, De Araujo Goncalves P, Sousa P, Dores H, Marques H, Pereira Machado F, Gaspar A, Aleixo A, Mota Carmo M, Roquette J, Vassiliadis IV, Despotopoulos E, Kaitozis O, Tekedis C, Al-Mallah M, Nour K, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Brzozowski W, Tomaszewski M, Oleszczak K, Tong J, Bian Y, Yang F, Li P, Chen L, Shen X, Xu Y, Yan L, Kilickiran Avci B, Yurdakul S, Sahin S, Ermis E, Dilekci B, Aytekin S, Hristova K, Marinov R, Georgiev S, Kaneva A, Lasarov S, Mitev P, Katova T, Pilosoff V, Ikonomidis I, Tzortzis S, Triantafyllidi H, Paraskevaidis I, Trivilou P, Papadakis I, Papadopoulos C, Pavlidis G, Anastasiou-Nana M, Lekakis J. Poster session: Aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Faustino A, Paiva L, Providencia R, Barra S, Trigo J, Botelho A, Costa G, Costa M, Leitao-Marques A, Haavisto M, Tarkia M, Stark C, Vahasilta T, Savunen T, Strandberg M, Lepomaki V, Saukko P, Saraste A, Knuuti J, Dieden A, Bech-Hanssen O, Cameli M, Lisi M, D'ascenzi F, Losito M, Sparla S, Righini F, Menci D, Favilli R, Fineschi M, Mondillo S, Eindhoven J, Van Den Bosch A, Cuypers J, Witsenburg M, Boersma E, Roos-Hesselink J, Jalanko M, Jaaskelainen P, Laine M, Nieminen M, Laakso M, Helio T, Kuusisto J, Marchel M, Kochanowski J, Piatkowski R, Serafin A, Madej A, Filipiak K, Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Opolski G, Dipietro E, Di Panzillo EA, Crispo S, Spinelli L, Buccheri S, Leggio S, Monte I, Bottari V, Blundo A, Licciardi S, Tamburino C, Cameli M, Righini F, Lisi M, Galderisi M, Mondillo S, Maksuti E, Widman E, Larsson M, Bjallmark A, Caidahl K, D'hooge J, Michalski B, Szymczyk E, Westfal B, Simiera M, Lipiec P, Kasprzak J, Simova I, Katova T, Haralanov L, Hong S, Lee Y, Lee J, Ryu J, Choi J, Chang S, Kim K, Montoro Lopez M, Gemma D, Lopez Fernandez T, De Celix MGR, Ramirez U, Mesa J, De Torres Alba F, Iniesta Manjavacas A, Moreno Yanguela M, Lopez Sendon J, Acosta Velez J, Rodriguez Palomares J, Gisela Teixido G, Gutierrez L, Gonzalez-Alujas T, Carro A, Moral S, Evangelista A, Garcia-Dorado D, Piazzese C, Sotaquira M, Kronzon I, Lang R, Caiani E. Club 35 Poster Session Thursday 6 December: Intracardiac flows and pressures. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mateev H, Simova I, Katova T, Dimitrov N. Clinical evaluation of a mobile heart rhythm telemonitoring system. ISRN Cardiol 2012; 2012:192670. [PMID: 23097720 PMCID: PMC3477669 DOI: 10.5402/2012/192670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate the clinical applicability of a telemonitoring system: telemetric system for collection and distant surveillance of medical information (TEMEO). Methods. We evaluated 60 patients, applying simultaneously standard Holter ECG and telemonitoring. Two different comparisons were performed: (1) TEMEO ECG with standard 12-lead ECG; (2) TEMEO Holter with standard ECG Holter. Results. We found a very high coincidence rate (99.3%) between TEMEO derived ECGs and standard ECGs. Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis revealed high and significant correlation coefficients regarding average, maximal, and minimal heart rate, % of time in tachycardia, single supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEB), and single and couplets of ventricular ectopic beats (VEB) between Holter ECG and TEMEO derived parameters. Couplets of SVEB were recorded as different by the two monitoring systems, however, with a borderline statistical significance. Conclusions. TEMEO derived ECGs have a very high coincidence rate with standard ECGs. TEMEO patient monitoring provides results that are similar to those derived from a standard Holter ECG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristo Mateev
- Clinic of Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, 1309 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Nanka O, Krejci E, Pesevski Z, Sedmera D, Smart N, Rossdeutsch A, Dube KN, Riegler J, Price AN, Taylor A, Muthurangu V, Turner M, Lythgoe MF, Riley PR, Kryvorot S, Vladimirskaya T, Shved I, Schwarzl M, Seiler S, Huber S, Steendijk P, Maechler H, Truschnig-Wilders M, Pieske B, Post H, Caprio C, Baldini A, Chiavacci E, Dolfi L, Verduci L, Meghini F, Cremisi F, Pitto L, Kuan TC, Chen MC, Yang TH, Wu WT, Lin CS, Rai H, Kumar S, Sharma AK, Mastana S, Kapoor A, Pandey CM, Agrawal S, Sinha N, Orlowska-Baranowska EH, Placha G, Gora J, Baranowski R, Abramczuk E, Hryniewiecki T, Gaciong Z, Verschuren JJW, Wessels JAM, Trompet S, Stott DJ, Sattar N, Buckley B, Guchelaar HJ, Jukema JW, Gharanei M, Hussain A, Mee CJ, Maddock HL, Wijnen WJ, Van Den Oever S, Van Der Made I, Hiller M, Tijsen AJ, Pinto YM, Creemers EE, Nikulina SUY, Chernova A, Petry A, Rzymski T, Kracun D, Riess F, Pike L, Harris AL, Gorlach A, Katare R, Oikawa A, Riu F, Beltrami AP, Cesseli D, Emanueli C, Madeddu P, Zaglia T, Milan G, Franzoso M, Pesce P, Sarais C, Sandri M, Mongillo M, Butler TJ, Seymour AML, Ashford D, Jaffre F, Bussen M, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Leosco D, Akhmedov A, Klingenberg R, Brokopp C, Hof D, Zoller S, Corti R, Gay S, Flohrschutz I, Von Eckardstein A, Hoerstrup SP, Luescher TF, Heijman J, Zaza A, Johnson DM, Rudy Y, Peeters RLM, Volders PGA, Westra RL, Martin GR, Morais CAS, Oliveira SHV, Brandao FC, Gomes IF, Lima LM, Fujita S, Okamoto R, Taniguchi M, Konishi K, Goto I, Engelhardt S, Sugimoto K, Nakamura M, Shiraki K, Buechler C, Ito M, Kararigas G, Nguyen BT, Jarry H, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Van Bilsen M, Daniels A, Munts C, Janssen BJA, Van Der Vusse GJ, Van Nieuwenhoven FA, Montalvo C, Villar AV, Merino D, Garcia R, Llano M, Ares M, Hurle MA, Nistal JF, Dembinska-Kiec A, Beata Kiec-Wilk BKW, Anna Polus AP, Urszula Czech UC, Tatiana Konovaleva TK, Gerd Schmitz GS, Bertrand L, Balteau M, Timmermans A, Viollet B, Sakamoto K, Feron O, Horman S, Vanoverschelde JL, Beauloye C, De Meester C, 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Pozzoli O, Capogrossi MC, Ajiro Y, Saegusa N, Iwade K, Giles WR, Stafforini DM, Spitzer KW, Sirohi R, Candilio L, Babu G, Roberts N, Lawrence D, Sheikh A, Kolvekar S, Yap J, Hausenloy DJ, Yellon DM, Aslam M, Rohrbach S, Schlueter KD, Piper HM, Noll T, Guenduez D, Malinova L, Ryabukho VP, Lyakin DV, Denisova TP, Montoro-Garcia S, Shantsila E, Lip GYH, Kalaska B, Sokolowska E, Kaminski K, Szczubialka K, Kramkowski K, Mogielnicki A, Nowakowska M, Buczko W, Stancheva N, Mekenyan E, Gospodinov K, Tisheva S, Darago A, Rutkai I, Kalasz J, Czikora A, Orosz P, Bjornson HD, Edes I, Papp Z, Toth A, Riches K, Warburton P, O'regan DJ, Ball SG, Turner NA, Wood IC, Porter KE, Kogaki S, Ishida H, Nawa N, Takahashi K, Baden H, Ichimori H, Uchikawa T, Mihara S, Miura K, Ozono K, Lugano R, Padro T, Garcia-Arguinzonis M, Badimon L, Yin X, Ferraro F, Viner R, Ho J, Cutler D, Mayr M, Matchkov V, Aalkjaer C, Mangialardi G, Katare R, Oikawa A, Madeddu P, Krijnen PAJ, Hahn NE, Kholova I, Sipkens JA, Van Alphen FP, Simsek S, Schalkwijk CG, Van Buul JD, Van Hinsbergh VWM, Niessen HWM, Simova I, Katova T, Haralanov L, Caro CG, Seneviratne A, Monaco C, Hou D, Singh J, Gilson P, Burke MG, Heraty KB, Krams R, Coppola G, Albrecht K, Schgoer W, Wiedemann D, Bonaros N, Steger C, Theurl M, Stanzl U, Kirchmair R, Amadesi S, Fortunato O, Reni C, Katare R, Meloni M, Ascione R, Spinetti G, Cangiano E, Valgimigli M, Madeddu P, Caporali A, Meloni M, Miller AM, Cardinali A, Vierlinger K, Fortunato O, Spinetti G, Madeddu P, Emanueli C, Pagano G, Liccardo D, Zincarelli C, Femminella GD, Lymperopoulos A, De Lucia C, Koch WJ, Leosco D, Rengo G, Hinkel R, Husada W, Trenkwalder T, Di Q, Lee S, Petersen B, Bock-Marquette I, Niemann H, Di Maio M, Kupatt C, Nourian M, Yassin Z, Kelishadi R, Nourian M, Kelishadi R, Yassin Z, Memarian SH, Heidari A, Leuner A, Poitz DM, Brunssen C, Ravens U, Strasser RH, Morawietz H, Vogt F, Grahl A, Flege C, Marx N, Borinski M, De Geest B, Jacobs F, Muthuramu I, Gordts SC, Van Craeyveld E, Herijgers P, Weinert S, Poitz DM, Medunjanin S, Herold J, Schmeisser A, Strasser RH, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Wagner AH, Moeller K, Adolph O, Schwarz M, Schwale C, Bruehl C, Nobiling R, Wieland T, Schneider SW, Hecker M, Cross A, Strom A, Cole J, Goddard M, Hultgardh-Nilsson A, Nilsson J, Mauri C, Monaco C, Mitkovskaya NP, Kurak TA, Oganova EG, Shkrebneva EI, Kot ZHN, Statkevich TV, Molica F, Burger F, Matter CM, Thomas A, Staub C, Zimmer A, Cravatt B, Pacher P, Steffens S, Blanco R, Sarmiento R, Parisi C, Fandino S, Blanco F, Gigena G, Szarfer J, Rodriguez A, Garcia Escudero A, Riccitelli MA, Wantha S, Simsekyilmaz S, Megens RT, Van Zandvoort MA, Liehn E, Zernecke A, Klee D, Weber C, Soehnlein O, Lima LM, Carvalho MG, Gomes KB, Santos IR, Sousa MO, Morais CAS, Oliveira SHV, Gomes IF, Brandao FC, Lamego MRA, Lima LM, Fornai L, Angelini A, Kiss A, Giskes F, Eijkel G, Fedrigo M, Valente ML, Thiene G, Heeren RMA, Grdinic A, Vojvodic D, Djukanovic N, Grdinic AG, Obradovic S, Majstorovic I, Rusovic S, Vucinic Z, Tavciovski D, Ostojic M, Lin CS, Kuan TC, Lai SC, Chen MY, Wu HT, Gouweleeuw L, Oberdorf-Maass SU, De Boer RA, Van Gilst WH, Maass AH, Van Gelder IC, Azibani F, Benard L, Schlossarek S, Merval R, Tournoux F, Launay JM, Carrier L, Chatziantoniou C, Samuel JL, Delcayre C, Li C, Warren D, Shanahan CM, Zhang QP, Bye A, Vettukattil R, Aspenes ST, Giskeodegaard G, Gribbestad IS, Wisloff U, Bathen TF, Cubedo J, Padro T, Alonso R, Mata P, Badimon L, Ivic I, Vamos Z, Cseplo P, Kosa D, Torok O, Hamar J, Koller A, Norita K, De Noronha SV, Sheppard MN, Torre I, Amat-Roldan I, Iruretagoiena I, Psilodimitrakopoulos S, Gonzalez-Tendero A, Crispi F, Artigas D, Loza-Alvarez P, Gratacos E, Harrison JC, Smart SD, Besely EH, Kelly JR, Yao Y, Sammut IA, Hoepfner M, Kuzyniak W, Sekhosana E, Hoffmann B, Litwinski C, Pries A, Ermilov E, Fontoura D, Lourenco AP, Vasques-Novoa F, Pinto JP, Roncon-Albuquerque R, Leite-Moreira AF, Oyeyipo IP, Olatunji LA, Usman TO, Olatunji VA, Bacova B, Radosinska J, Viczenczova C, Knezl V, Dosenko V, Benova T, Goncalvesova E, Vanrooyen J, Tribulova N, Maulik SK, Seth S, Dinda AK, Jaiswal A, Mearini G, Khajetoorians D, Kraemer E, Gedicke-Hornung C, Precigout G, Eschenhagen T, Voit T, Garcia L, Lorain S, Carrier L, Mendes-Ferreira P, Maia-Rocha C, Adao R, Lourenco AP, Cerqueira RJ, Mendes MJ, Castro-Chaves P, De Keulenaer GW, Leite-Moreira AF, Bras-Silva C, Ruiter G, Wong YY, Lubberink M, Knaapen P, Raijmakers P, Lammertsma AA, Marcus JT, Westerhof N, Van Der Laarse WJ, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Poitz DM, Steinbronn N, Koch E, Steiner G, Strasser RH, Berezin A, Lisovaya OA, Soldatova AM, Kuznetcov VA, Yenina TN, Rychkov AYU, Shebeko PV, Altara R, Hessel MHM, Hermans JJR, Janssen BJA, Blankesteijn WM, Soldatova AM, Kuznetcov VA, Yenina TN, Rychkov AYU, Shebeko PV, Berezin A, Berezina TA, Seden V, Bonanad C, Nunez J, Navarro D, Chilet MF, Sanchis F, Bodi V, Minana G, Chaustre F, Forteza MJ, Llacer A, Femminella GD, Rengo G, Galasso G, Zincarelli C, Liccardo D, Pagano G, De Lucia C. Poster session 3. Cardiovasc Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Luo X, Fang F, Sun J, Xie J, Lee A, Zhang Q, Yu C, Breithardt O, Schiessl S, Schmid M, Seltmann M, Klinghammer L, Zeissler C, Kuechle M, Daniel W, Ege M, Guray U, Guray Y, Demirkan B, Kisacik H, Kim SE, Hong JY, Lee JH, Park DG, Han KR, Oh DJ, Ege M, Demirkan B, Guray U, Guray Y, Tufekcioglu O, Kisacik H, Cozma DC, Mornos C, Ionac A, Petrescu L, Tutuianu C, Dragulescu SI, Guimaraes L, Tavares G, Rodrigues A, Nagamatsu C, Fischer C, Vieira M, Oliveira W, Wilberg T, Cordovil A, Morhy S, Muraru D, Peluso M, Dal Bianco L, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Tuveri M, Cucchini U, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Pizzuti A, Mabritto B, Derosa C, Tomasello A, Rovere M, Parrini I, Conte M, Lareva N, Govorin A, Cooper R, Sharif J, Somauroo JD, Hung JD, Porcelli V, Skevington R, Shahzad A, Scott S, Lindqvist P, Soderberg S, Gonzalez M, Tossavainen E, Henein M, Nciri N, Saad H, Nawas S, Ali A, Youssufzay A, Safi A, Faruk S, Yurdakul S, Erdemir V, Tayyareci Y, Yildirimturk O, Memic K, Aytekin V, Gurel M, Aytekin S, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Cielecka-Prynda M, Mysiak A, Kosmala W, Mornos C, Ionac A, Pescariu S, Cozma D, Mornos A, Dragulescu S, Maurea N, Tocchetti CG, Coppola C, Quintavalle C, Rea D, Barbieri A, Piscopo G, Arra C, Condorelli G, Iaffaioli R, Dalen H, Thorstensen A, Moelmen H, Torp H, Stoylen A, Augustine D, Basagiannis C, Suttie J, Cox P, Aitzaz R, Lewandowski A, Lazdam M, Holloway C, Becher H, Leeson P, Radovanovic S, Djokovic A, Todic B, Zdravkovic M, Zaja-Simic M, Banicevic S, Lisulov-Popovic D, Krotin M, Grapsa J, O'regan D, Dawson D, Durighel G, Howard L, Gibbs J, Nihoyannopoulos P, Tulunay Kaya C, Kilickap M, Kurklu H, Ozbek N, Koca C, Kozluca V, Esenboga K, Erol C, Kusmierczyk-Droszcz B, Kowalik E, Niewiadomska J, Hoffman P, Satendra M, Sargento L, Lopes S, Longo S, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Chillo P, Rieck A, Lwakatare J, Lutale J, Gerdts E, Bonapace S, Molon G, Targher G, Rossi A, Lanzoni L, Canali G, Campopiano E, Zenari L, Bertolini L, Barbieri E, Hristova K, Vladiomirova-Kitova L, Katova T, Nikolov F, Nikolov P, Georgieva S, Simova I, Kostova V, Kuznetsov VA, Krinochkin DV, Chandraratna PA, Pak YA, Zakharova EH, Plusnin AV, Semukhin MV, Gorbatenko EA, Yaroslavskaya EI, Bedetti G, Gargani L, Scalese M, Pizzi C, Sicari R, Picano E, Reali M, Canali E, Cimino S, Francone M, Mancone M, Scardala R, Boccalini F, Hiramoto Y, Frustaci A, Agati L, Savino K, Lilli A, Bordoni E, Riccini C, Ambrosio G, Silva D, Cortez-Dias N, Carrilho-Ferreira P, Jorge C, Silva-Marques J, Magalhaes A, Santos L, Ribeiro S, Pinto F, Nunes Diogo A, Kinova E, Zlatareva N, Goudev A, Bonanad C, Lopez-Lereu M, Monmeneu J, Bodi V, Sanchis J, Nunez J, Chaustre F, Llacer A, Muraru D, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Ermacora D, Cucchini U, Dal Bianco L, Peluso D, Di Lazzari M, Badano L, Iliceto S, Meimoun P, Elmkies F, Benali T, Boulanger J, Zemir H, Clerc J, Luycx-Bore A, Velasco Del Castillo MS, Cacicedo Fernandez De Bobadilla A, Onaindia Gandarias J, Telleria Arrieta M, Zugazabeitia Irazabal G, Quintana Raczka O, Rodriguez Sanchez I, Romero Pereiro A, Laraudogoitia Zaldumbide E, Lekuona Goya I, Bonello B, El Louali E, Fouilloux V, Kammache I, Ovaert C, Kreitmann B, Fraisse A, Migliore R, Adaniya M, Barranco M, Miramont G, Tamagusuku H, Alassar A, Sharma R, Marciniak A, Valencia O, Abdulkareem N, Jahangiri M, Jander N, Kienzle R, Gohlke-Baerwolf C, Gohlke H, Neumann FJ, Minners J, Valbuena S, De Torres F, Lopez T, Gomez JJ, Guzman G, Dominguez F, Refoyo E, Moreno M, Lopez-Sendon JL, Ancona R, Comenale Pinto S, Caso P, Di Salvo G, Severino S, Cavallaro M, Calabro R, Enache R, Muraru D, Piazza R, Roman-Pognuz A, Popescu B, Calin A, Beladan C, Purcarea F, Nicolosi G, Ginghina C, Savu O, Enache R, Popescu B, Calin A, Beladan C, Rosca M, Jurcut R, Serban M, Dorobantu L, Ginghina C, Donal E, Mascle S, Thebault C, Veillard D, Hamonic H, Leguerrier A, Corbineau H, Popa BA, Diena M, Bogdan A, Benea D, Lanzillo G, Casati V, Novelli E, Popa A, Cerin G, Gual Capllonch F, Teis A, Lopez Ayerbe J, Ferrer E, Vallejo N, Gomez Denia E, Bayes Genis A, Spethmann S, Schattke S, Baldenhofer G, Stangl V, Laule M, Baumann G, Stangl K, Knebel F, Labata C, Vallejo N, Gomez Denia E, Garcia Alonso C, Ferrer E, Gual F, Lopez Ayerbe J, Teis A, Nunez Aragon R, Bayes Genis A, Satendra M, Sargento L, Sousa C, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Vasile AI, Dorobantu M, Iorgulescu C, Bogdan S, Constantinescu D, Caldararu C, Tautu O, Vatasescu R, Badran H, Elnoamany MF, Ayad M, Elshereef A, Farhan A, Nassar Y, Yacoub M, Costabel J, Avegliano G, Elissamburu P, Thierer J, Castro F, Huguet M, Frangi A, Ronderos R, Prinz C, Van Buuren F, Faber L, Bitter T, Bogunovic N, Burchert W, Horstkotte D, Kasprzak JD, Smialowski A, Rudzinski T, Lipiec P, Krzeminska-Pakula M, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Trzos E, Kurpesa M, Motoki H, Hana M, Marwick T, Allan K, Vazquez-Alvarez M, Medrano Lopez C, Granja Da Silva S, Marcos C, Rodriguez-Ogando A, Alvarez M, Camino M, Centeno M, Maroto E, Feltes Guzman G, Serra Tomas V, Acevedo O, Calli A, Barba M, Pintos G, Valverde V, Zamorano Gomez J, Marchel M, Kochanowski J, Piatkowski R, Madej A, Filipiak K, Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Opolski G, Malev E, Zemtsovsky E, Reeva S, Timofeev E, Pshepiy A, Mihaila S, Rimbas R, Mincu R, Dulgheru R, Mihaila R, Badiu C, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Rodrigues A, Guimaraes L, Lira E, Lebihan D, Monaco C, Cordovil A, Oliveira W, Vieira M, Fischer C, Morhy S, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa D, Delgado M, Romo E, Pena M, Puentes M, Santisteban M, Lopez Granados A, Arizon Del Prado J, Suarez De Lezo J, Tsai WC, Shih JY, Huang TS, Liu YW, Huang YY, Tsai LM, Cho E, Choi K, Kwon B, Kim D, Jang S, Park C, Jung H, Jeon H, Youn H, Kim J, Rieck AE, Cramariuc D, Lonnebakken M, Lund B, Gerdts E, Moceri P, Doyen D, Cerboni P, Ferrari E, Li W, Silva D, Goncalves S, Ribeiro S, Santos L, Sargento L, Vinhais De Sousa G, Almeida AG, Nunes Diogo A, Hernandez Garcia C, De La Rosa Hernandez A, Arroyo Ucar E, Jorge Perez P, Barragan Acea A, Lacalzada Almeida J, Jimenez Rivera J, Duque Garcia A, Laynez Cerdena I, Arhipov O, Sumin AN, Campens L, Renard M, Trachet B, Segers P, De Paepe A, De Backer J, Purvis JA, Sharma D, Hughes SM, Marek D, Vindis D, Kocianova E, Taborsky M, Yoon H, Kim K, Ahn Y, Chung M, Cho J, Kang J, Rha W, Ozcan O, Sezgin Ozcan D, Candemir B, Aras M, Dincer I, Atak R, Gianturco L, Turiel M, Atzeni F, Tomasoni L, Bruschi E, Epis O, Sarzi-Puttini P, Aggeli C, Poulidakis E, Felekos I, Sideris S, Dilaveris P, Gatzoulis K, Stefanadis C, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Roszczyk N, Sobczak M, Lipiec P, Peruga J, Krecki R, Kasprzak J, Ishii K, Suyama T, Kataoka K, Furukawa A, Nagai T, Maenaka M, Seino Y, Musca F, De Chiara B, Moreo A, Epis O, Bruschi E, Cataldo S, Parolini M, Parodi O, Bombardini T, Faita F, Picano E, Park SJ, Kil JH, Kim SJ, Jang SY, Chang SA, Choi JO, Lee SC, Park S, Park P, Oh J, Cikes M, Velagic V, Biocina B, Gasparovic H, Djuric Z, Bijnens B, Milicic D, Huqi A, Klas B, He A, Paterson I, Irween M, Ezekovitz J, Choy J, Becher H, Chen Y, Cheng L, Yao R, Yao H, Chen H, Pan C, Shu X, Sobkowicz B, Kaminska M, Musial W, Kaminska M, Sobkowicz B, Musial W, Buechel R, Sommer G, Leibundgut G, Rohner A, Bremerich J, Kaufmann B, Kessel-Schaefer A, Handke M, Kiotsekoglou A, Saha S, Toole R, Sharma S, Gopal A, Adhya S, Tsang W, Kenny C, Kapetanakis S, Lang R, Monaghan M, Smith B, Grapsa J, Dawson D, Coulter T, Rendon A, Cheung WS, Gorissen W, Nihoyannopoulos P, Ejlersen JA, May O, Van Slochteren FJ, Van Der Spoel T, Hanssen H, Doevendans P, Chamuleau S, De Korte C, Tarr A, Stoebe S, Trache T, Kluge JG, Varga A, Hagendorff A, Nagy A, Kovacs A, Apor A, Sax B, Becker D, Merkely B, Lindquist R, Miller A, Reece C, Eidem BW, Choi WG, Kim S, Oh S, Kim Y, Iacobelli R, Chinali M, D' Asaro M, Toscano A, Del Pasqua A, Esposito C, Seghetti G, Parisi F, Pongiglione G, Rinelli G, Omaygenc O, Bakal R, Dogan C, Teber K, Akpinar S, Sahin G, Ozdemir N, Penhall A, Joseph M, Chong F, De Pasquale C, Selvanayagam J, Leong D, Nyktari EG, Patrianakos AP, Goudis C, Solidakis G, Parthenakis F, Vardas P, Nestaas E, Stoylen A, Fugelseth D, Vitarelli A, Capotosto L, Bernardi M, Conde Y, Caranci F, Placanica G, Dettori O, Vitarelli M, De Chiara S, De Cicco V, Ancona R, Comenale Pinto S, Caso P, Severino S, Cavallaro M, Ferro' M, Calabro' R, Apostolakis S, Chalikias G, Tziakas D, Stakos D, Thomaidi A, Konstantinides S, Vitarelli A, Caranci F, Capotosto L, Iorio G, Rucos R, Continanza G, De Cicco V, D Ascanio M, Alessandroni L, Saponara M, Berry M, Nahum J, Zaghden O, Monin J, Couetil J, Lairez O, Macron L, Dubois Rande J, Gueret P, Lim P, Cameli M, Giacomin E, Lisi M, Benincasa S, Righini F, Menci D, Focardi M, Mondillo S, Bonello B, Fouilloux V, Philip E, Gorincour G, Fraisse A, Bellsham-Revell H, Bell AJ, Miller OI, Beerbaum P, Razavi R, Greil G, Simpson JM, Ann S, Youn H, Jung H, Kim T, Lee J, Chin J, Kim T, Cabeza Lainez P, Escolar Camas V, Gheorghe L, Fernandez Garcia P, Vazquez Garcia R, Gargani L, Caiulo V, Caiulo S, Fisicaro A, Moramarco F, Latini G, Sicari R, Picano E, Seale A, Carvalho J, Gardiner H, Roughton M, Simpson J, Tometzki A, Uzun O, Webber S, Daubeney P, Elnoamany MF, Dawood A, Dwivedi G, Mahadevan G, Jiminez D, Steeds R, Frenneaux M, Attenhofer Jost CH, Knechtle B, Bernheim A, Pfyffer M, Linka A, Faeh-Gunz A, Seifert B, De Pasquale G, Zuber M, Simova I, Hristova K, Georgieva S, Kostova V, Katova T, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Tomaszewski M. Poster Session 2: Thursday 8 December 2011, 14:00-18:00 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Gong L, Ye Z, Zeng Z, Xia M, Zhong Y, Yao Y, Lee E, Ionescu A, Dwivedi G, Mahadevan G, Jiminez D, Frenneaux M, Steeds R, Moore C, Samad Z, Jackson K, Castellucci J, Kisslo J, Von Ramm O, D'ascenzi F, Zaca' V, Cameli M, Lisi M, Natali B, Malandrino A, Mondillo S, Barbier P, Guerrini U, Franzosi M, Castiglioni L, Nobili E, Colazzo F, Li Causi T, Sironi L, Tremoli E, Clausen H, Macdonald S, Basaggianis C, Newton J, Cameli M, Lisi M, Bennati E, Reccia R, Malandrino A, Bigio E, Maccherini M, Chiavarelli M, Henein M, Mondillo S, Floria M, Jamart J, Arsenescu Georgescu C, Mantovani F, Barbieri A, Bursi F, Valenti C, Quaglia M, Modena M, Kutty S, Gribben P, Padiyath A, Polak A, Scott C, Waiss M, Danford D, Bech-Hanssen O, Selimovic N, Rundqvist B, Schmiedel L, Hohmann C, Katzke S, Haacke K, Rauwolf T, Strasser R, Tumasyan LR, Adamyan K, Kosmala W, Derzhko R, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Mysiak A, Stachowska B, Jedrzejuk D, Bednarek-Tupikowska G, Chrzanowski L, Kasprzak J, Wojciechowska C, Wita K, Busz-Papiez B, Gasior Z, Mizia-Stec K, Kukulski T, Gosciniak P, Sinkiewicz W, Moelmen H, Stoylen A, Thorstensen A, Torp H, Dalen H, Groves A, Nicholson G, Lopez L, Goh CW, Ahn H, Byun Y, Kim J, Park J, Lee J, Park J, Kim B, Rhee K, Kim K, Park J, Yoon H, Hong Y, Park H, Kim J, Ahn Y, Jeong M, Cho J, Kang J, Grapsa J, Dawson D, Karfopoulos K, Jakaj G, Punjabi P, Nihoyannopoulos P, Ruisanchez Villar C, Lerena Saenz P, Gonzalez Vilchez F, Gonzalez Fernandez C, Zurbano Goni F, Cifrian Martinez J, Mons Lera R, Ruano Calvo J, Martin Duran R, Vazquez De Prada Tiffe J, Pietrzak R, Werner B, Voillot D, Huttin O, Zinzius P, Schwartz J, Sellal J, Lemoine S, Christophe C, Popovic B, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Ishii K, Furukawa A, Nagai T, Kataoka K, Seino Y, Shimada K, Yoshikawa J, Tekkesin A, Yildirimturk O, Tayyareci Y, Yurdakul S, Aytekin S, Jaroch J, Loboz-Grudzien K, Bociaga Z, Kowalska A, Kruszynska E, Wilczynska M, Dudek K, Kakihara R, Naruse C, Hironaka H, Tsuzuku T, Cucchini U, Muraru D, Badano L, Solda' E, Tuveri M, Al Nono O, Sarais C, Iliceto S, Santos L, Cortez-Dias N, Ribeiro S, Goncalves S, Jorge C, Carrilho-Ferreira P, Silva D, Silva-Marques J, Lopes M, Diogo A, Hristova K, Vassilev D, Pavlov P, Katova T, Simova I, Kostova V, Esposito R, Santoro A, Schiano Lomoriello V, Raia R, De Palma D, Dores E, De Simone G, Galderisi M, Zaborska B, Makowska E, Pilichowska E, Maciejewski P, Bednarz B, Wasek W, Stec S, Budaj A, Spinelli L, Morisco C, Assante Di Panzillo E, Crispo S, Di Marino S, Trimarco B, Santoro A, Schiano Lomoriello V, Esposito R, Farina F, Innelli P, Rapacciuolo A, Galderisi M, Polgar B, Banyai F, Rokusz L, Tomcsanyi I, Vaszily M, Nieszner E, Borsanyi T, Kerecsen G, Preda I, Kiss RG, Bull S, Suttie J, Augustine D, Francis J, Karamitsos T, Becher H, Prendergast B, Neubauer S, Myerson S, Lodge F, Broyd C, Milton P, Mikhail G, Mayet J, Davies J, Francis D, Clavel MA, Ennezat PV, Marechaux S, Dumesnil J, Bellouin A, Bergeron S, Meimoun P, Le Tourneau T, Pasquet A, Pibarot P, Herrmann S, Stoerk S, Niemann M, Hu K, Voelker W, Ertl G, Weidemann F, Tayyareci Y, Yurdakul S, Yildirimturk O, Aytekin V, Aytekin S, Kogoj P, Ambrozic J, Bunc M, Di Salvo G, Rea A, Castaldi B, Gala S, D'aiello A, Mormile A, Pisacane F, Pacileo G, Russo M, Calabro R, Nguyen L, Ricksten SE, Jeppsson A, Schersten H, Bech-Hanssen O, Boerlage-Van Dijk K, Yong Z, Bouma B, Koch K, Vis M, Piek J, Baan J, Scandura S, Ussia G, Caggegi A, Cammalleri V, Sarkar K, Mangiafico S, Chiaranda' M, Imme' S, Pistritto A, Tamburino C, Ring L, Nair S, Wells F, Shapiro L, Rusk R, Rana B, Madrid Marcano G, Solis Martin J, Gonzalez Mansilla A, Bravo L, Menarguez Palanca C, Munoz P, Bouza E, Yotti R, Bermejo Thomas J, Fernandez Aviles F, Tamayo T, Denes M, Balint O, Csepregi A, Csillik A, Erdei T, Temesvari A, Fernandez-Pastor J, Linde-Estrella A, Cabrera-Bueno F, Pena-Hernandez J, Barrera-Cordero A, Alzueta-Rodriguez F, De Teresa-Galvan E, Merlo M, Pinamonti M, Finocchiaro G, Pyxaras S, Barbati G, Buiatti A, Dilenarda A, Sinagra G, Kuperstein R, Freimark D, Hirsch S, Feinberg M, Arad M, Mitroi C, Garcia Lunar I, Monivas Palomero V, Mingo Santos S, Beltran Correas P, Gonzalez Lopez E, Garcia Pavia P, Gonzalez Mirelis J, Cavero Gibanel M, Alonso Pulpon L, Finocchiaro G, Pinamonti B, Merlo M, Barbati G, Dilenarda A, Sinagra G, Zaidi A, Ghani S, Sheikh N, Gati S, Howes R, Sharma R, Sharma S, Calcagnino M, O'mahony C, Coats C, Cardona M, Garcia A, Murphy E, Lachmann R, Mehta A, Hughes D, Elliott P, Di Bella G, Madaffari A, Donato R, Mazzeo A, Casale M, Zito C, Vita G, Carerj S, Marek D, Indrakova J, Rusinakova Z, Skala T, Kocianova E, Taborsky M, Musca F, De Chiara B, Belli O, Cataldo S, Brunati C, Colussi G, Quattrocchi G, Santambrogio G, Spano F, Moreo A, Rustad L, Nytroen K, Gullestad L, Amundsen B, Aakhus S, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya N, Shumavetc V, Kurganovich S, Seljun Y, Ostrovskiy A, Ostrovskiy Y, Rustad L, Nytroen K, Segers P, Amundsen B, Aakhus S, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Orda A, Karolko B, Mysiak A, Driessen MMP, Eising JB, Uiterwaal C, Van Der Ent CK, Meijboom FJ, Shang Q, Tam L, Sun J, Sanderson J, Zhang Q, Li E, Yu C, Arroyo Ucar E, De La Rosa Hernandez A, Hernandez Garcia C, Jorge Perez P, Lacalzada Almeida J, Jimenez Rivera J, Duque Garcia A, Barragan Acea A, Laynez Cerdena I, Kaldararova M, Simkova I, Pacak J, Tittel P, Masura J, Tadic M, Ivanovic B, Zlatanovic M, Damjanov N, Maggiolini S, Gentile G, Bozzano A, Suraci S, Meles E, Carbone C, Tempesta A, Malafronte C, Piatti L, Achilli F, Luijendijk P, Stevens A, De Bruin-Bon H, Vriend J, Van Den Brink R, Vliegen H, Mulder B, Bouma B, Chow V, Ng A, Chung T, Kritharides L, Iancu M, Serban M, Craciunescu I, Hodo A, Ghiorghiu I, Popescu B, Ginghina C, Styczynski G, Szmigielski CA, Kaczynska A, Leszczynski J, Rosinski G, Kuch-Wocial A, Slavich M, Ancona M, Fisicaro A, Oppizzi M, Marone E, Bertoglio L, Melissano G, Margonato A, Chiesa R, Agricola E, Zito C, Mohammed M, Cusma-Piccione M, Piluso S, Arcidiaco S, Nava R, Giuffre R, Ciraci L, Ferro M, Carerj S, Uusitalo V, Luotolahti M, Pietila M, Wendelin-Saarenhovi M, Hartiala J, Saraste M, Knuuti J, Saraste A, Kochanowski J, Scislo P, Piatkowski R, Grabowski M, Marchel M, Roik M, Kosior D, Opolski G, Bartko PE, Graf S, Khorsand A, Rosenhek R, Burwash I, Beanlands R, Clavel MA, Baumgartner H, Pibarot P, Mundigler G, Kudrnova S, Apor A, Huttl H, Kudrnova S, Apor A, Huttl H, Mori F, Santoro G, Oddo A, Rosso G, Meucci F, Pieri F, Squillantini G, Gensini G, Scislo P, Kochanowski J, Piatkowski R, Roik M, Postula M, Opolski G, Park DG, Hong JY, Kim SE, Lee JH, Han KR, Oh DJ, Muraru D, Dal Bianco L, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Cucchini U, Peluso D, Tuveri M, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Aggeli C, Felekos I, Poulidakis E, Pietri P, Roussakis G, Siasos G, Stefanadis C, Furukawa A, Hoshiba H, Miyasaka C, Sato H, Nagai T, Yamanaka A, Kataoka K, Seino Y, Ishii K, Lilli A, Baratto M, Magnacca M, Comella A, Poddighe R, Talini E, Canale M, Chioccioli M, Del Meglio J, Casolo G, Kuznetsov VA, Melnikov NN, Krinochkin DV, Calin A, Enache R, Popescu B, Beladan C, Rosca M, Lupascu L, Purcarea F, Calin C, Gurzun M, Ginghina C, Dulgheru R, Ciobanu A, Magda S, Mihaila S, Rimbas R, Margulescu A, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Sumin AN, Arhipov O, Yoon J, Moon J, Rim S, Nyktari E, Patrianakos A, Solidakis G, Psathakis E, Parthenakis F, Vardas P, Kordybach M, Kowalski M, Kowalik E, Hoffman P, Nagy KV, Kutyifa V, Edes E, Apor A, Merkely B, Gerlach A, Rost C, Schmid M, Rost M, Flachskampf F, Daniel W, Breithardt O, Altekin E, Karakas S, Yanikoglu A, Er A, Baktir A, Demir I, Deger N, Klitsie L, Hazekamp M, Roest A, Van Der Hulst A, Gesink- Van Der Veer B, Kuipers I, Blom N, Ten Harkel A, Farsalinos K, Tsiapras D, Kyrzopoulos S, Avramidou E, Vasilopoulou D, Voudris V, Werner B, Florianczyk T, Ivanovic B, Tadic M, Kalinowski M, Szulik M, Streb W, Rybus-Kalinowska B, Sliwinska A, Stabryla J, Kukla M, Nowak J, Kukulski T, Kalarus Z, Florescu M, Mihalcea D, Magda L, Suran B, Enescu O, Mincu R, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Salerno G, Scognamiglio G, D'andrea A, Dinardo G, Gravino R, Sarubbi B, Disalvo G, Pacileo G, Russo M, Calabro R, Liao JN, Sung S, Chen C, Park S, Shin S, Kim M, Shim S, Yildirimturk O, Helvacioglu F, Ulusoy O, Duran C, Tayyareci Y, Yurdakul S, Aytekin S, Kirschner R, Simor T, Moreo A, Ambrosio G, De Chiara B, Tran T, Raman S, Vidal Perez RC, Carreras F, Leta R, Pujadas S, Barros A, Hidalgo A, Alomar X, Pons-Llado G, Olofsson M, Boman K, Ledakowicz-Polak A, Polak L, Zielinska M, Fontana A, Schirone V, Mauro A, Zambon A, Giannattasio C, Trocino G, Dekleva M, Dungen H, Inkrot S, Gelbrich G, Suzic Lazic J, Kleut M, Markovic Nikolic N, Waagstein F, Khoor S, Balogh N, Simon I, Fugedi K, Kovacs I, Khoor M, Florian G, Kocsis A, Szuszai T, O'driscoll J, Saha A, Smith R, Gupta S, Sharma R, Lenkey Z, Gaszner B, Illyes M, Sarszegi Z, Horvath IG, Magyari B, Molnar F, Cziraki A, Elnoamany MF, Badran H, Ebraheem H, Reda A, Elsheekh N. Poster Session 5: Saturday 10 December 2011, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Simova I, Katova T, Kostova V, Hristova K, Dimitrov N. Reproducibility of arterial stiffness indices in different vascular territories and between different observers. Echocardiography 2011; 28:448-56. [PMID: 21395673 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2010.01365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased arterial stiffness (AS) corresponds to an increase in cardiovascular risk. According to recent guidelines AS parameters can be measured on all superficial arteries. OBJECTIVE Proceeding from the assumption that viscoelastic properties differ along the arterial tree we set ourselves the task to study the reproducibility of AS indices measured at the common carotid, brachial and femoral arteries. METHODS The initial study population included 75 patients (40 ± 14.5 years, 45% males) with a variable distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and without clinical evidence of coronary artery disease. AS parameters were measured at the common carotid, brachial and femoral arteries in all patients using echo-tracking (ET) technique. In a subgroup of 36 patients we tested the interobserver variability in the three vascular territories. RESULTS We found that there was a significant correlation between AS indices measured at the common carotid and femoral artery (with the only exception for augmentation index) and that AS parameters measured at the brachial artery did correlate neither with common carotid nor with femoral artery indices. The interobserver variability of ET derived AS parameters was good when they were measured at the carotid or femoral artery. The values of AS indices at the brachial artery however showed considerably lower interobserver agreement. CONCLUSION The reproducibility of ET derived AS parameters was good when AS was measured at the common carotid or femoral arteries. On the basis of our results brachial artery is probably not a reliable site for AS measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Simova
- Department of Noninvasive Functional and Imaging Diagnostic, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Katova T, Dinov B, Kostova V, Yotova V. OMEGA- 3 PUFA FOR SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH PREVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH RECENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
In the absence of retrograde (VA) conduction, ventricular pacing does not exert any appreciable effect upon atrial electrical activity. We report three patients (2 with complete AV block and 1 with preserved AV conduction) in which, during EP study, no VA conduction was present and, in spite of that, excessive suppression (for more than 15 secs in the first patient) of sinus (atrial) electrical activity during RV pacing was observed. The sinus node suppression was reproducible in two patients. In all patients the suppression phenomenon was not observed after intravenous administration of atropine, which suggests that it was mediated by enhanced vagal tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Batchvarov
- Laboratory for Intracardiac Electrophysiological Study of The Heart, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Kullmer T, Kneissl G, Katova T, Kronenberger H, Urhausen A, Kindermann W, März W, Meier-Sydow J. Experimental acute hypoxia in healthy subjects: evaluation of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle at rest and during exercise using echocardiography. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1995; 70:169-74. [PMID: 7768240 DOI: 10.1007/bf00361545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To clarify whether or not systolic and diastolic function of the human left ventricle (LV) were decreased during acute hypoxia, at rest and with exercise, 14 healthy male volunteers [age 25.9 (SD 3.0) years, height 182.9 (SD 7.1) cm, body mass 75.9 (SD 6.9)kg] were examined using M-mode and 2D-mode echocardiography to determine the systolic LV function as well as Doppler-echocardiography for the assessment of diastolic LV function on 2 separate test days. In random order, the subjects breathed either air on 1 day (N) or a gas mixture with reduced oxygen content on the other (H; oxygen fraction in inspired gas 0.14). Measurements on either day were made at rest, several times during incremental cycle exercise in a supine position (6-min increments of 50 W, maximal load 150 W) and in 6th min of recovery. Corresponding measurements during N and H were compared statistically. Arterial O2 tension (PaO2) was normal on N-day. All subjects showed a marked acute hypoxia at rest [PaO2, 54.5 (SD 4.6) mmHg], during exercise and recovery on H-day. The latter was associated with tachycardia compared to N-day. All echocardiographic measurements at rest were within the limits of normal values on both test days. Ejection time, end-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricular dimensions as well as the thickness of left posterior wall and of interventricular septum showed no statistically significant influence of H either at rest or during exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kullmer
- Klinikum der J.W. Goethe-Universität, Medizinische Klinik II, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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