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Morales-Prieto DM, Wieditz K, Götze J, Pastuschek J, Weber M, Göhner C, Groten T, Markert UR. Transplacental migration of maternal natural killer and T cells assessed by ex vivo human placenta perfusion. Placenta 2024; 146:42-49. [PMID: 38169218 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transplacental passage of cells between a mother and her fetus, known as microchimerism, is a less studied process during pregnancy. The frequency of maternal microchimeric cells in fetal tissues in physiological pregnancies and mechanisms responsible for transplacental cell trafficking are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the placental trafficking of maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using human ex vivo placenta perfusion. METHODS Ten placentas and maternal PBMC were obtained after healthy pregnancies. Flow cytometry was used to characterize PBMC subtypes. They showed a higher percentage of CD3+ T cells compared to CD56+ NK cells. The isolated PBMC were stained with a fluorescent dye and perfused through the maternal circuit of the placenta in an ex vivo perfusion system. Subsequent immunofluorescence staining for CD3+ T cells and CD56+ NK cells was performed on placental tissue sections, and the number of detectable PBMC in different tissue areas was counted using fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS The applied method allowed discrimination of perfused autologous maternal cells from cells resident in the placenta before perfusion. Further, it allows additional immunohistochemical labelling and distinction of immune cell subsets. Perfused PBMC were detected in all analyzed placentas, mostly in contact to the syncytiotrophoblast. CD3+ T cells were identified more frequently than CD56+ NK cells and some CD3+ T cells were found inside fetoplacental tissues and vasculature. The results indicate that also other PBMCs than T or NK cells adhere to or enter villous tissue, but they have not been specified in this analysis. DISCUSSION Previous studies have detected maternal cells in the fetal circulation which we could mimick in our ex vivo placenta perfusion experiments with fluorescence labelled autologous maternal PBMC. The applied experimental settings did not allow comparison of transmigration abilities of PBMC subsets, but slight modifications of the model will permit further studies of cell transfer processes and microchimerism in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Morales-Prieto
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wieditz
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Juliane Götze
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Pastuschek
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Maja Weber
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Göhner
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Groten
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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Soczewski E, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Miranda L, Fuentes-Zacarías P, Gutiérrez-Samudio R, Grasso E, Marti M, PérezLeirós C, Morales-Prieto D, Markert UR, Ramhorst R. miRNAs associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response during decidualization. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 47:103289. [PMID: 37657301 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Do microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and unfolded protein response (UPR) in decidualized cells and endometrium associated with reproductive failures? DESIGN Endometrial stromal cell line St-T1b was decidualized in vitro with 8-Br-cAMP over 5 days, or treated with the ERS inducer thapsigargin. Expression of ERS sensors, UPR markers and potential miRNA regulators was analysed by quantitative PCR. Endometrial biopsies from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) were investigated for the location of miRNA expression. RESULTS Decidualization of St-T1b cells resulted in increased expression of ERS sensors including ATF6α, PERK and IRE1α, and the UPR marker, CHOP. TXNIP, which serves as a link between the ERS pathway and inflammation, as well as inflammasome NLRP3 and interleukin 1β expression increased in decidualized cells. An in-silico analysis identified miR-17-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-193b-3p as miRNAs potentially involved in regulation of the ERS/UPR pathways and inflammation associated with embryo implantation. Their expression decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.0391) in non-decidualized cells in the presence of thapsigargin. Finally, expression of the selected miRNAs was localized by in-situ hybridization in stromal and glandular epithelial cells in endometrial samples from patients with RPL and RIF. Expression in stroma cells from patients with RPL was lower in comparison with stroma cells from patients with RIF. CONCLUSIONS Decidualization in St-T1b cells is accompanied by ERS/UPR processes, associated with an inflammatory response that is potentially influenced by miR-17-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-193b-3p. These miRNAs are expressed differentially in stromal cells from patients with RPL and RIF, indicating an alteration in regulation of the ERS/UPR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Soczewski
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Lucas Miranda
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Esteban Grasso
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Marti
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia PérezLeirós
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Rosanna Ramhorst
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Loibl S, Azim HA, Bachelot T, Berveiller P, Bosch A, Cardonick E, Denkert C, Halaska MJ, Hoeltzenbein M, Johansson ALV, Maggen C, Markert UR, Peccatori F, Poortmans P, Saloustros E, Saura C, Schmid P, Stamatakis E, van den Heuvel-Eibrink M, van Gerwen M, Vandecaveye V, Pentheroudakis G, Curigliano G, Amant F. ESMO Expert Consensus Statements on the management of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC). Ann Oncol 2023; 34:849-866. [PMID: 37572987 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC) is a relatively rare indication and an area where no or little evidence is available since randomized controlled trials cannot be conducted. In general, advances related to breast cancer (BC) treatment outside pregnancy cannot always be translated to PrBC, because both the interests of the mother and of the unborn should be considered. Evidence remains limited and/or conflicting in some specific areas where the optimal approach remains controversial. In 2022, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) held a virtual consensus-building process on this topic to gain insights from a multidisciplinary group of experts and develop statements on controversial topics that cannot be adequately addressed in the current evidence-based ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline. The aim of this consensus-building process was to discuss controversial issues relating to the management of patients with PrBC. The virtual meeting included a multidisciplinary panel of 24 leading experts from 13 countries and was chaired by S. Loibl and F. Amant. All experts were allocated to one of four different working groups. Each working group covered a specific subject area with two chairs appointed: Planning, preparation and execution of the consensus process was conducted according to the ESMO standard operating procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loibl
- GBG c/o GBG Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg; Centre for Haematology and Oncology Bethanien, Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - H A Azim
- Breast Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - T Bachelot
- Department of medical oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - P Berveiller
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Poissy-Saint Germain Hospital, Poissy; UMR 1198 - BREED, INRAE, Paris Saclay University, RHuMA, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - A Bosch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Cardonick
- Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, USA
| | - C Denkert
- Philipps-University Marburg and Marburg University Hospital (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - M J Halaska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Universital Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Hoeltzenbein
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Embryotox Center of Clinical Teratology and Drug Safety in Pregnancy, Berlin, Germany
| | - A L V Johansson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Maggen
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - U R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - F Peccatori
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - P Poortmans
- Iridium Netwerk, Antwerp; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - E Saloustros
- Department of Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - C Saura
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Schmid
- Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - E Stamatakis
- Department of Anesthesiology, 'Alexandra' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - M van Gerwen
- Gynecologic Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V Vandecaveye
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Pentheroudakis
- European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Amant
- Gynecologic Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam; Division Gynaecologic Oncology, UZ Leuven, Belgium
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Staud F, Pan X, Karahoda R, Dong X, Kastner P, Horackova H, Vachalova V, Markert UR, Abad C. Characterization of a human placental clearance system to regulate serotonin levels in the fetoplacental unit. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:74. [PMID: 37612712 PMCID: PMC10464227 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-HT) is a biogenic monoamine with diverse functions in multiple human organs and tissues. During pregnancy, tightly regulated levels of 5-HT in the fetoplacental unit are critical for proper placental functions, fetal development, and programming. Despite being a non-neuronal organ, the placenta expresses a suite of homeostatic proteins, membrane transporters and metabolizing enzymes, to regulate monoamine levels. We hypothesized that placental 5-HT clearance is important for maintaining 5-HT levels in the fetoplacental unit. We therefore investigated placental 5-HT uptake from the umbilical circulation at physiological and supraphysiological levels as well as placental metabolism of 5-HT to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 5-HIAA efflux from trophoblast cells. METHODS We employed a systematic approach using advanced organ-, tissue-, and cellular-level models of the human placenta to investigate the transport and metabolism of 5-HT in the fetoplacental unit. Human placentas from uncomplicated term pregnancies were used for perfusion studies, culturing explants, and isolating primary trophoblast cells. RESULTS Using the dually perfused placenta, we observed a high and concentration-dependent placental extraction of 5-HT from the fetal circulation. Subsequently, within the placenta, 5-HT was metabolized to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), which was then unidirectionally excreted to the maternal circulation. In the explant cultures and primary trophoblast cells, we show concentration- and inhibitor-dependent 5-HT uptake and metabolism and subsequent 5-HIAA release into the media. Droplet digital PCR revealed that the dominant gene in all models was MAO-A, supporting the crucial role of 5-HT metabolism in placental 5-HT clearance. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we present transcriptional and functional evidence that the human placenta has an efficient 5-HT clearance system involving (1) removal of 5-HT from the fetal circulation by OCT3, (2) metabolism to 5-HIAA by MAO-A, and (3) selective 5-HIAA excretion to the maternal circulation via the MRP2 transporter. This synchronized mechanism is critical for regulating 5-HT in the fetoplacental unit; however, it can be compromised by external insults such as antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Staud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Xin Pan
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Rona Karahoda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Petr Kastner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Horackova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vachalova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Cilia Abad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Gómez-Chávez F, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Caballero-Ortega H, Morales-Prieto DM, Markert UR. Host-pathogen interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles in Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103957. [PMID: 37253287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular communication between a pathogen and its host is crucial for a successful interplay. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as mediators for the delivery of molecular signals among pathogens or between pathogens and the host. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an intracellular parasite with a worldwide presence, produces EVs itself, or induces the secretion of EVs from infected host cells potentially having capacities to modulate the host immune response. T. gondii infection is particularly important during pregnancy. Depending on the gestational age at the time of infection, the parasite can be transmitted through the placenta to the fetus, causing clinical complications such as jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, chorioretinitis, cranioencephalic abnormalities, or even death. T. gondii infection is related to a pro-inflammatory immune response in both mother and fetus, which may enhance parasite transmission, but the implication of EV signaling in this process remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on EV release from T. gondii and its human host cells in regard to the immunological consequences and the passage through the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gómez-Chávez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; Programa de Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Vacunas y Bioterapéuticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Heriberto Caballero-Ortega
- Secretaría de Salud, Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Barth E, Fuentes-Zacarias P, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Groten T, Gellhaus A, Köninger A, Marz M, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Identification of altered miRNAs and their targets in placenta accreta. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1021640. [PMID: 36936174 PMCID: PMC10022468 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1021640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide with increasing incidence. PAS refers to a group of pathological conditions ranging from the abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterus wall to its perforation and, in extreme cases, invasion into surrounding organs. Among them, placenta accreta is characterized by a direct adhesion of the villi to the myometrium without invasion and remains the most common diagnosis of PAS. Here, we identify the potential regulatory miRNA and target networks contributing to placenta accreta development. Using small RNA-Seq followed by RT-PCR confirmation, altered miRNA expression, including that of members of placenta-specific miRNA clusters (e.g., C19MC and C14MC), was identified in placenta accreta samples compared to normal placental tissues. In situ hybridization (ISH) revealed expression of altered miRNAs mostly in trophoblast but also in endothelial cells and this profile was similar among all evaluated degrees of PAS. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses showed enriched pathways dysregulated in PAS associated with cell cycle regulation, inflammation, and invasion. mRNAs of genes associated with cell cycle and inflammation were downregulated in PAS. At the protein level, NF-κB was upregulated while PTEN was downregulated in placenta accreta tissue. The identified miRNAs and their targets are associated with signaling pathways relevant to controlling trophoblast function. Therefore, this study provides miRNA:mRNA associations that could be useful for understanding PAS onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuel Barth
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, RNA Bioinformatics and High Throughput Analysis, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Tanja Groten
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- University Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manja Marz
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, RNA Bioinformatics and High Throughput Analysis, Jena, Germany
- Fritz Lipman Institute (FLI), Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Udo R. Markert, ; Diana M. Morales-Prieto,
| | - Diana M. Morales-Prieto
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Udo R. Markert, ; Diana M. Morales-Prieto,
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Luconi M, Sogorb MA, Markert UR, Benfenati E, May T, Wolbank S, Roncaglioni A, Schmidt A, Straccia M, Tait S. Human-Based New Approach Methodologies in Developmental Toxicity Testing: A Step Ahead from the State of the Art with a Feto-Placental Organ-on-Chip Platform. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15828. [PMID: 36497907 PMCID: PMC9737555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developmental toxicity testing urgently requires the implementation of human-relevant new approach methodologies (NAMs) that better recapitulate the peculiar nature of human physiology during pregnancy, especially the placenta and the maternal/fetal interface, which represent a key stage for human lifelong health. Fit-for-purpose NAMs for the placental-fetal interface are desirable to improve the biological knowledge of environmental exposure at the molecular level and to reduce the high cost, time and ethical impact of animal studies. This article reviews the state of the art on the available in vitro (placental, fetal and amniotic cell-based systems) and in silico NAMs of human relevance for developmental toxicity testing purposes; in addition, we considered available Adverse Outcome Pathways related to developmental toxicity. The OECD TG 414 for the identification and assessment of deleterious effects of prenatal exposure to chemicals on developing organisms will be discussed to delineate the regulatory context and to better debate what is missing and needed in the context of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis to significantly improve this sector. Starting from this analysis, the development of a novel human feto-placental organ-on-chip platform will be introduced as an innovative future alternative tool for developmental toxicity testing, considering possible implementation and validation strategies to overcome the limitation of the current animal studies and NAMs available in regulatory toxicology and in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Luconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
- I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi), Viale Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Sogorb
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Tobias May
- InSCREENeX GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institut for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Roncaglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Astrid Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Straccia
- FRESCI by Science&Strategy SL, C/Roure Monjo 33, Vacarisses, 08233 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Tait
- Centre for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Eikmans M, Morales-Prieto DM, van der Hoorn ML, Markert UR. Editorial: Immunological challenges around pregnancy complications associated with failures of maternal tolerance to the fetus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983739. [PMID: 35979367 PMCID: PMC9376944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eikmans
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Michael Eikmans,
| | | | | | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Schneider H, Albrecht C, Ahmed MS, Broekhuizen M, Aengenheister L, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Danser AHJ, Gil S, Hansson SR, Greupink R, Lewis RM, Markert UR, Mathiesen L, Powles-Glover N, Wadsack C, Brownbill P. Ex vivo dual perfusion of an isolated human placenta cotyledon: Towards protocol standardization and improved inter-centre comparability. Placenta 2022; 126:83-89. [PMID: 35785693 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the full development of the ex vivo dual perfusion model of the human placenta cotyledon, the technique has provided essential insight into how nutrients, lipids, gases, immunoglobulins, endocrine agents, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, nanoparticles, micro-organisms and parasites might traverse the maternofetal barrier. Additionally, the model has been instrumental in gaining a better understanding of the regulation of vascular tone, endocrinology and metabolism within this organ. The human placenta is unique amongst species in its anatomy and transfer modalities. This orthologous diversity therefore requires an appropriate consideration of placental transfer rates of compounds, particles and micro-organisms specific to humans. Different research centres have adapted this model with a wide variation in perfusion parameters, including in the establishment of perfusion, perfusate composition, gassing regime, cannulation method, flow rates, perfused tissue mass, and also in the application of quality control measures. The requirement to harmonise and standardise perfusion practice between centres is largely driven by the need to obtain consistency in our understanding of placental function, but also in the qualification of the model for acceptance by regulatory agencies in drug and toxicology testing. A pilot study is proposed, aiming to describe how existing inter-centre variation in perfusion methodology affects placental metabolism, protein synthesis, oxygen consumption, the materno-fetal transfer of key molecular markers, and placental structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Schneider
- Dept. Obstetrics & Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland.
| | - Christiane Albrecht
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Mahmoud S Ahmed
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Michelle Broekhuizen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Leonie Aengenheister
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sophie Gil
- University Paris Cité, Placentech®, Paris, F-75014, France.
| | - Stefan R Hansson
- Lund University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Rick Greupink
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Udo R Markert
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Line Mathiesen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Paul Brownbill
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, UK.
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Fuentes-Zacarias P, Ospina-Prieto S, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Synergies of Extracellular Vesicles and Microchimerism in Promoting Immunotolerance During Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837281. [PMID: 35844513 PMCID: PMC9285877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of biological identity has been traditionally a central issue in immunology. The assumption that entities foreign to a specific organism should be rejected by its immune system, while self-entities do not trigger an immune response is challenged by the expanded immunotolerance observed in pregnancy. To explain this "immunological paradox", as it was first called by Sir Peter Medawar, several mechanisms have been described in the last decades. Among them, the intentional transfer and retention of small amounts of cells between a mother and her child have gained back attention. These microchimeric cells contribute to expanding allotolerance in both organisms and enhancing genetic fitness, but they could also provoke aberrant alloimmune activation. Understanding the mechanisms used by microchimeric cells to exert their function in pregnancy has proven to be challenging as per definition they are extremely rare. Profiting from studies in the field of transplantation and cancer research, a synergistic effect of microchimerism and cellular communication based on the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has begun to be unveiled. EVs are already known to play a pivotal role in feto-maternal tolerance by transferring cargo from fetal to maternal immune cells to reshape their function. A further aspect of EVs is their function in antigen presentation either directly or on the surface of recipient cells. Here, we review the current understanding of microchimerism in the feto-maternal tolerance during human pregnancy and the potential role of EVs in mediating the allorecognition and tropism of microchimeric cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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11
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Favaro RR, Phillips K, Delaunay-Danguy R, Ujčič K, Markert UR. Emerging Concepts in Innate Lymphoid Cells, Memory, and Reproduction. Front Immunol 2022; 13:824263. [PMID: 35774779 PMCID: PMC9237338 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.824263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the innate immune system, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), encompass five major populations (Natural Killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer cells) whose functions include defense against pathogens, surveillance of tumorigenesis, and regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodeling. ILCs are present in the uterine environment of humans and mice and are dynamically regulated during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy. These cells have been repurposed to support pregnancy promoting maternal immune tolerance and placental development. To accomplish their tasks, immune cells employ several cellular and molecular mechanisms. They have the capacity to remember a previously encountered antigen and mount a more effective response to succeeding events. Memory responses are not an exclusive feature of the adaptive immune system, but also occur in innate immune cells. Innate immune memory has already been demonstrated in monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and ILCs. A population of decidual NK cells characterized by elevated expression of NKG2C and LILRB1 as well as a distinctive transcriptional and epigenetic profile was found to expand during subsequent pregnancies in humans. These cells secrete high amounts of interferon-γ and vascular endothelial growth factor likely favoring placentation. Similarly, uterine ILC1s in mice upregulate CXCR6 and expand in second pregnancies. These data provide evidence on the development of immunological memory of pregnancy. In this article, the characteristics, functions, and localization of ILCs are reviewed, emphasizing available data on the uterine environment. Following, the concept of innate immune memory and its mechanisms, which include epigenetic changes and metabolic rewiring, are presented. Finally, the emerging role of innate immune memory on reproduction is discussed. Advances in the comprehension of ILC functions and innate immune memory may contribute to uncovering the immunological mechanisms underlying female fertility/infertility, placental development, and distinct outcomes in second pregnancies related to higher birth weight and lower incidence of complications.
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Mai P, Hampl J, Baca M, Brauer D, Singh S, Weise F, Borowiec J, Schmidt A, Küstner JM, Klett M, Gebinoga M, Schroeder IS, Markert UR, Glahn F, Schumann B, Eckstein D, Schober A. MatriGrid® Based Biological Morphologies: Tools for 3D Cell Culturing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050220. [PMID: 35621498 PMCID: PMC9138054 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent trends in 3D cell culturing has placed organotypic tissue models at another level. Now, not only is the microenvironment at the cynosure of this research, but rather, microscopic geometrical parameters are also decisive for mimicking a tissue model. Over the years, technologies such as micromachining, 3D printing, and hydrogels are making the foundation of this field. However, mimicking the topography of a particular tissue-relevant substrate can be achieved relatively simply with so-called template or morphology transfer techniques. Over the last 15 years, in one such research venture, we have been investigating a micro thermoforming technique as a facile tool for generating bioinspired topographies. We call them MatriGrid®s. In this research account, we summarize our learning outcome from this technique in terms of the influence of 3D micro morphologies on different cell cultures that we have tested in our laboratory. An integral part of this research is the evolution of unavoidable aspects such as possible label-free sensing and fluidic automatization. The development in the research field is also documented in this account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mai
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Jörg Hampl
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-3677-6933387 (A.S.)
| | - Martin Baca
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Dana Brauer
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Sukhdeep Singh
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Frank Weise
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Justyna Borowiec
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - André Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (A.S.); (U.R.M.)
| | - Johanna Merle Küstner
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Maren Klett
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Gebinoga
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Insa S. Schroeder
- Biophysics Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (A.S.); (U.R.M.)
| | - Felix Glahn
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Berit Schumann
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Diana Eckstein
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Andreas Schober
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-3677-6933387 (A.S.)
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13
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Valeff NJ, Ventimiglia MS, Dibo M, Markert UR, Jensen F. Splenic B1 B Cells Acquire a Proliferative and Anti-Inflamatory Profile During Pregnancy in Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:873493. [PMID: 35572585 PMCID: PMC9095819 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.873493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells are a heterogeneous cell population with differential ontogeny, anatomical location, and functions. B1 B cells are a distinct subpopulation characterized by their unique capacity of self-renewal, the production of large quantities of IL-10, and the ability to secrete protective, anti-inflammatory natural antibodies (NAbs), presumably upon down-regulation of CD1d expression. Although natural antibodies are thought to be protective, due to their polyreactivity, their participation in certain autoimmune diseases has been suggested. In the context of pregnancy, the role of B1 B cells has been discussed controversially. While in human pregnancies B1 B cells and natural/polyreactive antibodies they produce are involved in the development of preeclampsia, in mice they promote healthy gestation and fetal protection. In this work, we aimed to functionally characterize the splenic B1 B cell population during pregnancy in mice. Functional enrichment analysis using only up-regulated transcripts from a transcriptomic profile performed on total splenic B cells from pregnant compared to non-pregnant mice showed augmented cell cycle and DNA replication pathways. Proliferation studies by flow cytometry showed augmented Ki-67 proliferation marker expression and percentages of B1 B cells. Furthermore, B1 B cells produced higher levels of IL-10 and lower levels of TNF-α leading to an increased IL-10/TNF-α ratio and showing an immunoregulatory phenotype. Finally, we observed lower expression of CD1d on B1 B cells, suggesting a higher capacity to produce NAbs in the context of pregnancy. In summary, our results showed not only an expanded and proliferative splenic B1 B cell population during pregnancy but also the acquisition of immunomodulatory capacities suggesting its critical role in the intricate process of pregnancy tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalin J Valeff
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María S Ventimiglia
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcos Dibo
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Federico Jensen
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro Integrativo de Biología Y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
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Žarković M, Hufsky F, Markert UR, Marz M. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Human Placenta. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091588. [PMID: 35563893 PMCID: PMC9104507 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a central and regulatory role in almost all cells, organs, and species, which has been broadly recognized since the human ENCODE project and several other genome projects. Nevertheless, a small fraction of ncRNAs have been identified, and in the placenta they have been investigated very marginally. To date, most examples of ncRNAs which have been identified to be specific for fetal tissues, including placenta, are members of the group of microRNAs (miRNAs). Due to their quantity, it can be expected that the fairly larger group of other ncRNAs exerts far stronger effects than miRNAs. The syncytiotrophoblast of fetal origin forms the interface between fetus and mother, and releases permanently extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the maternal circulation which contain fetal proteins and RNA, including ncRNA, for communication with neighboring and distant maternal cells. Disorders of ncRNA in placental tissue, especially in trophoblast cells, and in EVs seem to be involved in pregnancy disorders, potentially as a cause or consequence. This review summarizes the current knowledge on placental ncRNA, their transport in EVs, and their involvement and pregnancy pathologies, as well as their potential for novel diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Žarković
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.Ž.); (F.H.)
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Franziska Hufsky
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.Ž.); (F.H.)
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Manja Marz
- RNA Bioinformatics and High-Throughput Analysis, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany; (M.Ž.); (F.H.)
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- FLI Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Beutenbergstraße 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Aging Research Center (ARC), 07745 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Henao-Restrepo JA, Wei L, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Fuentes-Zacarías P, Groten T, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Preeclampsia-derived EVs impair BBB and activate microglia in vitro. Placenta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gorsek Sparovec T, Markert UR, Reif P, Schoell W, Moser G, Feichtinger J, Mihalic ZN, Kargl J, Gargett CE, Gold D. The fate of human SUSD2+ endometrial mesenchymal stem cells during decidualization. Stem Cell Res 2022; 60:102671. [PMID: 35093718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of the endometrial stromal compartment in premenopausal women is likely maintained by the perivascular endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSC) expressing sushi domain containing 2 (SUSD2). The fate of SUSD2+ eMSC during pregnancy and their role in decidualization is not fully known. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of progesterone on the stemness of the SUSD2+ eMSC isolated from non-pregnant uterine samples. Secondary objectives were to characterize the functional capacity including differentiation and clonogenicity assays of SUSD2+ eMSC isolated from decidua at full term and compare it to the capacity of those isolated from non-pregnant uterine samples. Progesterone treatment induced changes in the decidual gene expression profile in non-pregnant SUSD2+ eMSC. Data analysis of a publicly available single cell RNA-seq data set revealed differential expression of several mesenchymal and epithelial signature genes between the SUSD2+ eMSC and the decidual stromal cells, suggesting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition occurs during decidualization. Histological analysis revealed a significantly lower abundance of SUSD2+ eMSC in 1st trimester and full term samples compared to non-pregnant samples, p = 0.0296 and 0.005, respectively. The differentiation and the colony forming capacity did not differ significantly between the cells isolated from non-pregnant and pregnant uterine samples. Our results suggest that SUSD2+ eMSC undergo decidualization in vitro, while maintaining MSC plasma membrane phenotype. Human eMSC seem to play an important role in the course of endometrial decidualization and embryo implantation. Pregnancy reduced the abundance of SUSD2+ eMSC, however eMSC function remains intact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Philipp Reif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Schoell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Gerit Moser
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Zala Nikita Mihalic
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Daniela Gold
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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Freitag N, Baston-Buest DM, Kruessel JS, Markert UR, Fehm TN, Bielfeld AP. Eutopic endometrial immune profile of infertility-patients with and without endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 150:103489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The transport of drugs across the placenta is a point of great importance in pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. However, the knowledge of drug transport in pregnancy is mostly based on experimental clinical data, and the underlying biological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of drug transporters in the human placenta. We only refer to human data since the placenta demonstrates great diversity among species. In addition, we describe the experimental models that have been used in human placental transport studies and discuss their availability. A better understanding of placental drug transporters will be beneficial for the health of pregnant women who need drug treatment and their fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany;
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Clark DA, Ledee N, Markert UR, Menu E, Szekeres‐Bartho J. Obituary. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Clark
- McMaster University Deptartment of Medicine Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Nathalie Ledee
- Pépinière PARIS SANTE COCHIN Paris France
- Hopital Pierre Rouques "Les Bluets" Paris France
| | | | - Elisabeth Menu
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases CEA/Université Paris Saclay INSERM U1184 Fontenay‐aux‐Roses France
- Institut Pasteur Paris France
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Fuentes-Zacarías P, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Schmidt A, Schmidt A, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Pregnancy and pandemics: Interaction of viral surface proteins and placenta cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166218. [PMID: 34311080 PMCID: PMC9188292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Throughout history, pandemics of infectious diseases caused by emerging viruses have spread worldwide. Evidence from previous outbreaks demonstrated that pregnant women are at high risk of contracting the diseases and suffering from adverse outcomes. However, while some viruses can cause major health complications for the mother and her fetus, others do not appear to affect pregnancy. Viral surface proteins bind to specific receptors on the cellular membrane of host cells and begin therewith the infection process. During pregnancy, the molecular features of these proteins may determine specific target cells in the placenta, which may explain the different outcomes. In this review, we display information on Variola, Influenza, Zika and Corona viruses focused on their surface proteins, effects on pregnancy, and possible target placental cells. This will contribute to understanding viral entry during pregnancy, as well as to develop strategies to decrease the incidence of obstetrical problems in current and future infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose M Murrieta-Coxca
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Astrid Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Andre Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany..
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21
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Aengenheister L, Schmidt A, Markert UR, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Morales-Prieto DM. Addressing microchimerism in pregnancy by ex vivo human placenta perfusion. Placenta 2021; 117:78-86. [PMID: 34773744 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The physical connection of mother and offspring during pregnancy allows the bi-directional exchange of a small number of cells through the placenta. These cells, which can persist long-term in the recipient individual are genetically foreign to it and therefore fulfill the principle of microchimerism. Over the last years, pioneer research on microchimeric cells revealed their role in immune adaptation during pregnancy and priming of tolerogenic responses in the progeny. However, the mechanisms involved in cell transfer across the placenta barrier remain poorly investigated. In this review, we summarize the evidence of fetomaternal microchimerism, propose a mechanism for cell trafficking through the placenta and discuss the different models and techniques available for its analysis. Likewise, we aim to generate interest in the use of ex vivo placenta perfusion to investigate microchimerism in physiological and pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonie Aengenheister
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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22
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Markert UR, Szekeres-Bartho J, Schleußner E. Adverse effects on female fertility from vaccination against COVID-19 unlikely. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103428. [PMID: 34601377 PMCID: PMC8453778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This opinion paper briefly presents arguments that support the unlikelihood of an impact on female fertility from current covid-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo R Markert
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Ekkehard Schleußner
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
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23
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Schmidt A, Schmidt A, Markert UR. The road (not) taken - Placental transfer and interspecies differences. Placenta 2021; 115:70-77. [PMID: 34562829 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Species differences are among the main reasons for the high failure rate of preclinical studies. A better awareness and understanding of these differences might help to improve the outcome of preclinical research. In reproduction, the placenta is the central organ regulating fetal exposure to a substance circulating in the maternal organism. Exact information about placental transfer can help to better estimate the toxic potential of a substance. From an evolutionary point of view, the chorioallantoic placenta is the organ with the highest anatomical diversity among species. Moreover, frequently used animal models in reproduction belong to rodents and lagomorphs, two groups that are characterized by the generation of an additional type of placenta, which is crucial for fetal development, but absent from humans: the inverted yolk sac placenta. Taken together, the translatability of placental transfer studies from laboratory animals to humans is challenging, which is supported by the fact that numerous species-dependent toxic effects are described in literature. Thus, reliable human-relevant data are frequently lacking and the toxic potential of chemicals and pharmaceuticals for humans can hardly be estimated, often resulting in recommendations that medical treatments or exposure to chemicals should be avoided for safety reasons. Although species differences of placental anatomy have been described frequently and the need for human-relevant research models has been emphasized, analyses of substances with species-dependent placental transfer have been performed only sporadically. Here, we present examples for species-specific placental transfer, including that of nanoparticles and pharmaceuticals, and discuss potential underlying mechanisms. With respect to the COVID 19-pandemic it might be of interest that some antiviral drugs are reported to feature species-specific placental transfer. Further, differences in placental structure and antibody transfer may affect placental transfer of ZIKA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Astrid Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
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24
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Morales-Prieto DM, Fuentes-Zacarías P, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Gutierrez-Samudio RN, Favaro RR, Fitzgerald JS, Markert UR. Smoking for two- effects of tobacco consumption on placenta. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101023. [PMID: 34521556 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is an important public health issue recognized by the world health organization as one of the most serious, preventable risk factors for developing a series of pregnancy pathologies. Maternal smoking is positively associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and gestational diabetes (GDM), but negatively associated with preeclampsia (PE). In this review, we examine epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies of smoking effects on immunoregulation during pregnancy, trophoblast function, and placental vasculature development and metabolism. We aim to identify effects of tobacco smoke components on specific placental compartments or cells, which may contribute to the understanding of the influences of maternal smoking on placenta function in normal and pathological pregnancies. Data corroborates that in any trimester, smoking is unsafe for pregnancy and that its detrimental effects outweigh questionable benefits. The effects of maternal smoking on the maternal immune regulation throughout pregnancy and the impact of different tobacco products on fetal growth have not yet been fully understood. Smoking cessation rather than treatment with replacement therapies is recommended for future mothers because also single components of tobacco and its smoke may have detrimental effects on placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Justine S Fitzgerald
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Zentrum für ambulante Medizin, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Bach E, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Fuentes-Zacarias P, Groten T, Marz M, Rodolfo Favaro R, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. MicroRNA signature in Placenta Accreta Spectrum. Placenta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pastuschek J, Bär C, Göhner C, Budde U, Leidenmuehler P, Groten T, Schleußner E, Markert UR. Ex vivo human placental transfer study on recombinant Von Willebrand factor (rVWF). Placenta 2021; 111:69-75. [PMID: 34171523 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency or mutation of von Willebrand factor (VWF) leads to a coagulation disorder (von Willebrand disease; VWD) which requires a lifelong therapy. For avoiding maternal complications treatment may be necessary also in pregnancy, but placental transfer to the fetus might impact its coagulation system and evoke undesired side effects. As VWF is a very large molecule it may be assumed that it does not pass the placental barrier. To prove this hypothesis the materno-fetal transfer of recombinant VWF (rVWF) has been analyzed ex vivo in a total of 21 valid dual side placenta perfusions. Three groups of five placentas each have been perfused with physiological and up to ten-fold increased concentrations of rVWF for 2 h. Six placentas have been used for control perfusions. A series of different control parameters has been assessed for documentation of intactness and functionality of the placenta and the perfusion system. In not a single analysis, independent of time and concentration, rVWF was detected in the fetal circuit. In the maternal circuit VWF concentration decreased slightly during perfusion. These results demonstrate that recombinant VWF does not pass the human placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pastuschek
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - C Bär
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - C Göhner
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - U Budde
- Medilys Laborgesellschaft MbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 1, 22763, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T Groten
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - E Schleußner
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - U R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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Tallarek AC, Urbschat C, Fonseca Brito L, Stanelle-Bertram S, Krasemann S, Frascaroli G, Thiele K, Wieczorek A, Felber N, Lütgehetmann M, Markert UR, Hecher K, Brune W, Stahl F, Gabriel G, Diemert A, Arck PC. Inefficient Placental Virus Replication and Absence of Neonatal Cell-Specific Immunity Upon Sars-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698578. [PMID: 34149740 PMCID: PMC8211452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women have been carefully observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, as the pregnancy-specific immune adaptation is known to increase the risk for infections. Recent evidence indicates that even though most pregnant have a mild or asymptomatic course, a severe course of COVID-19 and a higher risk of progression to diseases have also been described, along with a heightened risk for pregnancy complications. Yet, vertical transmission of the virus is rare and the possibility of placental SARS-CoV-2 infection as a prerequisite for vertical transmission requires further studies. We here assessed the severity of COVID-19 and onset of neonatal infections in an observational study of women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. Our placental analyses showed a paucity of SARS-CoV-2 viral expression ex vivo in term placentae under acute infection. No viral placental expression was detectable in convalescent pregnant women. Inoculation of placental explants generated from placentas of non-infected women at birth with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro revealed inefficient SARS-CoV-2 replication in different types of placental tissues, which provides a rationale for the low ex vivo viral expression. We further detected specific SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses in pregnant women within a few days upon infection, which was undetectable in cord blood. Our present findings confirm that vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is rare, likely due to the inefficient virus replication in placental tissues. Despite the predominantly benign course of infection in most mothers and negligible risk of vertical transmission, continuous vigilance on the consequences of COVID-19 during pregnancy is required, since the maternal immune activation in response to the SARS-CoV2 infection may have long-term consequences for children’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Tallarek
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Urbschat
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luis Fonseca Brito
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giada Frascaroli
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Thiele
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Wieczorek
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Felber
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kurt Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Brune
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Stahl
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Clara Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Favaro RR, Morales-Prieto DM, Herrmann J, Sonnemann J, Schleussner E, Markert UR, Zorn TMT. Influence of high glucose in the expression of miRNAs and IGF1R signaling pathway in human myometrial explants. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303:1513-1522. [PMID: 33575847 PMCID: PMC8087607 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several roles are attributed to the myometrium including sperm and embryo transport, menstrual discharge, control of uterine blood flow, and labor. Although being a target of diabetes complications, the influence of high glucose on this compartment has been poorly investigated. Both miRNAs and IGF1R are associated with diabetic complications in different tissues. Herein, we examined the effects of high glucose on the expression of miRNAs and IGF1R signaling pathway in the human myometrium. METHODS Human myometrial explants were cultivated for 48 h under either high or low glucose conditions. Thereafter, the conditioned medium was collected for biochemical analyses and the myometrial samples were processed for histological examination as well as miRNA and mRNA expression profiling by qPCR. RESULTS Myometrial structure and morphology were well preserved after 48 h of cultivation in both high and low glucose conditions. Levels of lactate, creatinine, LDH and estrogen in the supernatant were similar between groups. An explorative screening by qPCR arrays revealed that 6 out of 754 investigated miRNAs were differentially expressed in the high glucose group. Data validation by single qPCR assays confirmed diminished expression of miR-215-5p and miR-296-5p, and also revealed reduced miR-497-3p levels. Accordingly, mRNA levels of IGF1R and its downstream mediators FOXO3 and PDCD4, which are potentially targeted by miR-497-3p, were elevated under high glucose conditions. In contrast, mRNA expression of IGF1, PTEN, and GLUT1 was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The human myometrium responds to short-term exposure (48 h) to high glucose concentrations by regulating the expression of miRNAs, IGF1R and its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Extracellular Matrix Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Jörg Herrmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hufeland Klinikum, Weimar, Germany
| | - Jürgen Sonnemann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Telma M T Zorn
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Extracellular Matrix Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chamley LW, Markert UR, Menon R, Sharma S. Introduction to the special issue on extracellular vesicles and reproduction. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 85:e13387. [PMID: 33340198 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence W Chamley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of OB-GYN/Cell Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch @ Galveston MRB Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, El-Shorafa HM, Groten T, Rodríguez-Martínez S, Cancino-Diaz ME, Cancino-Diaz JC, Favaro RR, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Role of IL-36 Cytokines in the Regulation of Angiogenesis Potential of Trophoblast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010285. [PMID: 33396613 PMCID: PMC7794747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-36 cytokines (the agonists IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and the antagonist IL-36Ra) are expressed in the mouse uterus and associated with maternal immune response during pregnancy. Here, we characterize the expression of IL-36 members in human primary trophoblast cells (PTC) and trophoblastic cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3) and upon treatment with bacterial and viral components. Effects of recombinant IL-36 on the migration capacity of trophoblastic cells, their ability to interact with endothelial cells and the induction of angiogenic factors and miRNAs (angiomiRNAs) were examined. Constitutive protein expression of IL-36 (α, β, and γ) and their receptor (IL-36R) was found in all cell types. In PTC, transcripts for all IL-36 subtypes were found, whereas in trophoblastic cell lines only for IL36G and IL36RN. A synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA (poly I:C) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the expression of IL-36 members in a cell-specific and time-dependent manner. In HTR-8/SVneo cells, IL-36 cytokines increased cell migration and their capacity to interact with endothelial cells. VEGFA and PGF mRNA and protein, as well as the angiomiRNAs miR-146a-3p and miR-141-5p were upregulated as IL-36 response in PTC and HTR-8/SVneo cells. In conclusion, IL-36 cytokines are modulated by microbial components and regulate trophoblast migration and interaction with endothelial cells. Therefore, a fundamental role of these cytokines in the placentation process and in response to infections may be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Murrieta-Coxca
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
- Departamento de Inmunología y Microbiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (S.R.-M.); (M.E.C.-D.); (J.C.C.-D.)
| | - Ruby N. Gutiérrez-Samudio
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Heba M. El-Shorafa
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Tanja Groten
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Martínez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Microbiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (S.R.-M.); (M.E.C.-D.); (J.C.C.-D.)
| | - Mario E. Cancino-Diaz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Microbiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (S.R.-M.); (M.E.C.-D.); (J.C.C.-D.)
| | - Juan C. Cancino-Diaz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Microbiología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (S.R.-M.); (M.E.C.-D.); (J.C.C.-D.)
| | - Rodolfo R. Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (U.R.M.); (D.M.M.-P.); Tel.: +49-3641-939-0850 (U.R.M.); +49-3641-939-0859 (D.M.M.-P.); Fax: +49-3641-939-0851 (D.M.M.-P.)
| | - Diana M. Morales-Prieto
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany; (J.M.M.-C.); (R.N.G.-S.); (H.M.E.-S.); (T.G.); (R.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (U.R.M.); (D.M.M.-P.); Tel.: +49-3641-939-0850 (U.R.M.); +49-3641-939-0859 (D.M.M.-P.); Fax: +49-3641-939-0851 (D.M.M.-P.)
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31
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Aengenheister L, Favaro RR, Morales-Prieto DM, Furer LA, Gruber M, Wadsack C, Markert UR, Buerki-Thurnherr T. Research on nanoparticles in human perfused placenta: State of the art and perspectives. Placenta 2020; 104:199-207. [PMID: 33418345 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Increasing human exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) from various sources raises concerns for public health, especially for vulnerable risk groups like pregnant women and their developing fetuses. However, nanomedicine and the prospect of creating safe and effective NP-based formulations of drugs hold great promise to revolutionize treatment during pregnancy. With maternal and fetal health at stake, risks and opportunities of NPs in pregnancy need to be carefully investigated. Importantly, a comprehensive understanding of NP transport and effects at the placenta is urgently needed considering the central position of the placenta at the maternal-fetal interface and its many essential functions to enable successful pregnancy. The perfusion of human placental tissue provides a great opportunity to achieve predictive human relevant insights, circumventing uncertainties due to considerable differences in placental structure and function across species. Here, we have reviewed the current literature on the ex vivo human placenta perfusion of NPs. From 16 available studies, it was evident that placental uptake and transfer of NPs are highly dependent on their characteristics like size and surface modifications, which is in line with previous observations from in vitro and animal transport studies. These studies further revealed that special considerations apply for the perfusion of NPs and we identified relevant controls that should be implemented in future perfusion studies. While current studies mostly focused on placental transfer of NPs to conclude on potential fetal exposure, the ex vivo placental perfusion model has considerable potential to reveal novel insights on NP effects on placental tissue functionality and signaling that could indirectly affect maternal-fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Aengenheister
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Diana M Morales-Prieto
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Lea A Furer
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Gruber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Favaro RR, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Morales-Prieto DM, Markert UR. Immunomodulatory properties of extracellular vesicles in the dialogue between placental and immune cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13383. [PMID: 33251688 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated communication has been implicated in the cooperative alliance between trophoblast and immune cells toward maternal tolerance and placentation. Syncytiotrophoblast cells secrete EVs directly into the maternal circulation, which are taken up by immune cells, endothelial cells, and other cell types. Initial evidence also shows that EVs produced by immune cells are, in turn, incorporated by trophoblast cells and modulate placental responses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, and lipid mediators transported in EVs are able to influence proliferation, differentiation, cytokine production, and immunological responses of recipient cells. The molecular alphabet and cellular targets involved in this dialogue are being revealed. Nevertheless, several questions regarding the whole content, surface markers, and biological functions of EVs still remain to be investigated in both physiological and pathological conditions. Analysis of circulating EVs in maternal blood has the potential to serve as a minimally invasive approach to monitoring placental functions and immunological features of pregnancy, aiding in the diagnostics of complications. This review addresses the immunomodulatory properties of EVs and their tasks in the communication between placental and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jose Martín Murrieta-Coxca
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,RNA Bioinformatics, High Throughput Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Freitag N, Pour SJ, Fehm TN, Toth B, Markert UR, Weber M, Togawa R, Kruessel JS, Baston-Buest DM, Bielfeld AP. Are uterine natural killer and plasma cells in infertility patients associated with endometriosis, repeated implantation failure, or recurrent pregnancy loss? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 302:1487-1494. [PMID: 32666129 PMCID: PMC7584523 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Infertility is a debilitating situation that millions of women around the world suffer from, but the causal relationship between infertility and endometriosis is still unclear. We hypothesize that the immune cell populations of uterine natural killer cells (uNK) and plasma cells (PC) which define chronic endometritis could differ in patients with or without endometriosis and therefore be the link to endometriosis-associated infertility. METHODS Our retrospective study includes 173 patients that underwent an endometrial scratching in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and subsequently immunohistochemical examination for uNK cells and PC. Sixty-seven patients were diagnosed with endometriosis, 106 served as the control cohort. RESULTS The risk for an elevated number of uNK cells in women with endometriosis is not increased as compared to the control group. Our findings suggest that patients with endometriosis are 1.3 times more likely to have chronic endometritis (CE) as compared to those without and that the treatment with doxycycline might increase pregnancy rates. Endometriosis and an increased number of uNK cells seem to be unrelated. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the lately published connection between endometriosis, infertility and increased uNK cells, we could not find any evidence that patients with endometriosis are more prone to elevated uterine uNK cells. Counting of PC in endometrial biopsies might be a new approach in the search of biomarkers for the nonsurgical diagnosis of endometriosis since our findings suggest a connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Freitag
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah J Pour
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja N Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Toth
- Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Maja Weber
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Riku Togawa
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Karls-Ruprecht University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Steffen Kruessel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dunja M Baston-Buest
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Alexandra P Bielfeld
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Zabel RR, Bär C, Ji J, Schultz R, Hammer M, Groten T, Schleussner E, Morales-Prieto DM, Markert UR, Favaro RR. Enrichment and characterization of extracellular vesicles from ex vivo one-sided human placenta perfusion. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 86:e13377. [PMID: 33175429 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the placenta are packed with biological information and play a major role in fetomaternal communication. Here, we describe a comprehensive set-up for the enrichment and characterization of EVs from human placenta perfusion and their application in further assays. METHOD OF STUDY Human term placentas were used for 3 h ex vivo one-sided perfusions to simulate the intervillous circulation. Thereafter, populations of small (sEVs) and large EV (lEVs) were enriched from placental perfusate via serial ultracentrifugation. Following, EV populations were characterized regarding their size, protein concentration, RNA levels, expression of surface markers as well as their uptake and miRNA transfer to recipient cells. RESULTS The sEV and lEV fractions from an entire perfusate yielded, respectively, 294 ± 32 µg and 525 ± 96 µg of protein equivalents and 2.6 ± 0.5 µg and 3.6 ± 0.9 µg of RNA. The sEV fraction had a mean diameter of 117 ± 47 nm, and the lEV fraction presented 236 ± 54 nm. CD63 was strongly detected by dot blot in sEVs, whereas only traces of this marker were found in lEVs. Both EV fractions were positive for the trophoblast marker PLAP (placental alkaline phosphatase) and annexin A1. EV internalization in immune cells was visualized by confocal microscopy, and the transfer of placental miRNAs was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). CONCLUSIONS Enriched EV populations showed characteristic features of sEVs and lEVs. EV uptake and transfer of miRNAs to recipient cells demonstrated their functional integrity. Therefore, we advocate the ex vivo one-sided placenta perfusion as a robust approach for the collection of placental EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Zabel
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christin Bär
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jinlu Ji
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Rowena Schultz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Hammer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Groten
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Weber M, Weise A, Vasheghani F, Göhner C, Fitzgerald JS, Liehr T, Markert UR. Cytogenomics of six human trophoblastic cell lines. Placenta 2020; 103:72-75. [PMID: 33096371 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblastic cell lines are established models used to examine human placenta physiology and disease. We performed concurrent cytogenetic analyses of six established and well-studied trophoblastic cell lines including JAR, BeWo, JEG-3, AC-1M59, HTR8/SVneo, and ACH-3P. All cell lines showed near triploid or tetraploid karyotypes with unique inter- and intra-clonal aberrations, which result possibly from long-term culture or defects in the placenta or its malignant choriocarcinoma origin. Variable aneuploidy in 'standard' cell lines is under-appreciated and may not reflect the in vivo situation. It has the potential to negatively impact our understanding of normal cell function and cause disagreement between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Weber
- Jena University Hospital, Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Weise
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Faezeh Vasheghani
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany; Clean Cells, Rue Marie Curie, parc d'activité Vendée Sud Loire 1, 85600 Boufféré, France
| | - Claudia Göhner
- Jena University Hospital, Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Justine S Fitzgerald
- Jena University Hospital, Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Udo R Markert
- Jena University Hospital, Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
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Kreuder AE, Bolaños-Rosales A, Palmer C, Thomas A, Geiger MA, Lam T, Amler AK, Markert UR, Lauster R, Kloke L. Inspired by the human placenta: a novel 3D bioprinted membrane system to create barrier models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15606. [PMID: 32973223 PMCID: PMC7515925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrier organ models need a scaffold structure to create a two compartment culture. Technical filter membranes used most often as scaffolds may impact cell behaviour and present a barrier themselves, ultimately limiting transferability of test results. In this work we present an alternative for technical filter membrane systems: a 3D bioprinted biological membrane in 24 well format. The biological membrane, based on extracellular matrix (ECM), is highly permeable and presents a natural 3D environment for cell culture. Inspired by the human placenta we established a coculture of a trophoblast-derived cell line (BeWo b30), together with primary placental fibroblasts within the biological membrane (simulating villous stroma) and primary human placental endothelial cells-representing three cellular components of the human placental villus. All cell types maintained their cell type specific marker expression after two weeks of coculture on the biological membrane. In permeability assays the trophoblast layer developed a barrier on the biological membrane, which was even more pronounced when cocultured with fibroblasts. In this work we present a filter membrane free scaffold, we characterize its properties and assess its suitability for cell culture and barrier models. Further we show a novel placenta inspired model in a complex bioprinted coculture. In the absence of an artificial filter membrane, we demonstrate barrier architecture and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Elisabeth Kreuder
- Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany.
- Cellbricks GmbH, Berlin, 13355, Germany.
| | - Aramis Bolaños-Rosales
- Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
- Cellbricks GmbH, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Thomas
- Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
- Cellbricks GmbH, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | | | | | - Anna-Klara Amler
- Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
- Cellbricks GmbH, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Roland Lauster
- Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | - Lutz Kloke
- Cellbricks GmbH, Berlin, 13355, Germany.
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Chiokadze M, Bär C, Pastuschek J, Dons’koi BV, Khazhylenko KG, Schleußner E, Markert UR, Favaro RR. Beyond Uterine Natural Killer Cell Numbers in Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Combined Analysis of CD45, CD56, CD16, CD57, and CD138. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090650. [PMID: 32872526 PMCID: PMC7555015 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the number and cytotoxic potential of uterine Natural Killer (uNK) cells have been associated with reduced fertility. To provide a better characterization of immunophenotypes in the endometrium of women with uRPL (unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss), we examined the applicability of a set of five immune cell markers. The concentration (cells/mm2) of CD45+ leukocytes, CD56+ uNK cells, and CD138+ plasma cells as well as of CD16+ and CD57+ cells, which indicate high cytotoxic uNK cells, were assessed by immunohistochemistry in endometrial biopsies from 61 uRPL patients and 10 controls. Control fertile endometria presented 90-300 CD56+ uNK cells/mm2. uRPL cases were classified in subgroups of low (uRPL-CD56low < 90 cells/mm2), normal (uRPL-CD56normal 90-300 cells/mm2), and high uNK cell counts (uRPL-CD56high > 300 cells/mm2). Some cases from the uRPL-CD56low and uRPL-CD56normal subgroups showed elevated proportions of cytotoxic CD16+ and CD57+ cells in relation to CD56+ cells. In the uRPL-CD56high subgroup, the CD57/CD56 ratio was reduced in most samples and the CD16/CD56 ratio was unaltered. Analysis of CD138 excluded the influence of chronic endometritis on these observations. Our results reinforce a link between uRPL and a dysfunctional endometrial environment associated with distinct immune cell profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Chiokadze
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
- The Center for Reproductive Medicine “Universe”, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Christin Bär
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Jana Pastuschek
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Boris V. Dons’koi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 04050 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | | | - Ekkehard Schleußner
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +49-36419-390850
| | - Rodolfo R. Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (M.C.); (C.B.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (R.R.F.)
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Al-Kawlani B, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Chaiwangyen W, Fröhlich K, Fritzsche A, Winkler S, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Doxorubicin induces cytotoxicity and miR-132 expression in granulosa cells. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 96:95-101. [PMID: 32505695 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of childhood cancers, including leukemia and lymphomas. Despite the high survival rate, female leukemia survivors are at higher risk of ovarian failure and infertility later in life. Treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs like DOX is associated with damage in ovarian follicles, but the affectation grade of granulosa cells remains unclear. To assess and avoid the possible side-effects of DOX, early biomarkers of ovarian injury and chemotherapy-induced ovarian toxicity should be identified. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged in recent years as a promising new class of biomarkers for drug-induced tissue toxicity. In this study, the effects of DOX on cell viability, steroidogenesis, and miRNA expression were studied in primary granulosa cells (GCs) and in two cellular models (COV434 and KGN cells). We report that compared to other chemotherapeutic drugs, DOX treatment is more detrimental to granulosa cells as observed by decrease of cell viability. Treatment with DOX changes the expression of the aromatase gene (CYP19A1) and the secretion of 17β-estradiol (E2) in a cell-specific manner. miR-132-3p is dose-dependently increased by DOX in all cellular models. In absence of DOX, miR-132-3p overexpression in COV434 cells has no effect on E2 secretion or CYP19A1 expression. Altogether, these findings contribute to understanding the hormonal disbalance caused by DOX in human ovarian cells and suggest miR-132 as a putative sensor to predict DOX-induced ovarian toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boodor Al-Kawlani
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Wittaya Chaiwangyen
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Karolin Fröhlich
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Li Y, Yu S, Huang C, Lian R, Chen C, Liu S, Li L, Diao L, Markert UR, Zeng Y. Evaluation of peripheral and uterine immune status of chronic endometritis in patients with recurrent reproductive failure. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:187-196.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Morales-Prieto DM, Barth E, Murrieta-Coxca JM, Favaro RR, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Chaiwangyen W, Ospina-Prieto S, Gruhn B, Schleußner E, Marz M, Markert UR. Identification of miRNAs and associated pathways regulated by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor in trophoblastic cell lines. Placenta 2019; 88:20-27. [PMID: 31586768 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) regulates behavior of trophoblast cells and their interaction with immune and endothelial cells. In vitro, trophoblast cell response to LIF may vary depending on the cell model. Reported differences in the miRNA profile of trophoblastic cells may be responsible for these observations. Therefore, miRNA expression was investigated in four trophoblastic cell lines under LIF stimulation followed by in silico analysis of altered miRNAs and their associated pathways. METHODS Low density TaqMan miRNA assays were used to quantify levels of 762 mature miRNAs under LIF stimulation in three choriocarcinoma-derived (JEG-3, ACH-3P and AC1-M59) and a trophoblast immortalized (HTR-8/SVneo) cell lines. Expression of selected miRNAs was confirmed in primary trophoblast cells and cell lines by qPCR. Targets and associated pathways of the differentially expressed miRNAs were inferred from the miRTarBase followed by a KEGG Pathway Enrichment Analysis. HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3 cells were transfected with miR-21-mimics and expression of miR-21 targets was assessed by qPCR. RESULTS A similar number of miRNAs changed in each tested cell line upon LIF stimulation, however, low coincidence of individual miRNA species was observed and occurred more often among choriocarcinoma-derived cells (complete data set at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ under GEO accession number GSE130489). Altered miRNAs were categorized into pathways involved in human diseases, cellular processes and signal transduction. Six cascades were identified as significantly enriched, including JAK/STAT and TGFB-SMAD. Upregulation of miR-21-3p was validated in all cell lines and primary cells and STAT3 was confirmed as its target. DISCUSSION Dissimilar miRNA responses may be involved in differences of LIF effects on trophoblastic cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emanuel Barth
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, RNA Bioinformatics and High Throughput Analysis, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipman Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jose Martín Murrieta-Coxca
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany; Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Wittaya Chaiwangyen
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Gruhn
- Children's Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Kochstraße 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schleußner
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Manja Marz
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, RNA Bioinformatics and High Throughput Analysis, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipman Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745, Jena, Germany; European Virus Bioinformatics Center, Leutragraben 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta-Labor, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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Zabel RR, Morales-Prieto DM, Schultz R, Hammer M, Schleußner E, Markert UR, Favaro RR. Enrichment and characterization of trophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from ex vivo one-sided placenta perfusion. Placenta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.06.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Favaro RR, Rodríguez-Martínez S, Cancino-Diaz ME, Gutiérrez-Samudio RN, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. IL-36 (α, β, and γ) modify trophoblast-endothelial cell interaction. Placenta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.06.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Markert UR, Toth B, Pastuschek J, Weber M, Bär C, Heger J, Streicher P, Schultz N, Kuon R, Diao L, Donskoi B, Chiokadze M, Khazhylenko K, Santillán I, Favaro RF, Schleußner E. Endometrial NK and plasma cells in infertile women. Placenta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.06.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Goller SS, Markert UR, Fröhlich K. Trastuzumab in the Treatment of Pregnant Breast Cancer Patients - an Overview of the Literature. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019; 79:618-625. [PMID: 31217630 PMCID: PMC6570610 DOI: 10.1055/a-0880-9295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies which appear during pregnancy. Since women are increasingly not giving birth until they are at a more advanced age, it can be assumed that the incidence of pregnancy-related breast cancers will continue to increase in the future. Because of pregnancy-induced changes and conservative diagnosis, these carcinomas are frequently not detected until they are at an advanced stage and thus generally require systemic adjuvant therapy. The available data on optimal chemotherapeutic management are limited. Particularly for the use of the target agent trastuzumab which could crucially contribute to improving the prognosis in the therapy of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer in non-pregnant women, there is a lack of definitive information regarding the profile of action and safety in pregnancy as well as with regard to any long-term effects on the child. Thirty-eight pregnancies on trastuzumab for the treatment of breast cancer were able to be analysed in the literature currently available. Information can be gained from this and conclusions can be drawn which can individualise and decisively improve therapeutic options in the future for the pregnant breast cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S Goller
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
| | - Karolin Fröhlich
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
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Abstract
The cynomolgus monkey is increasingly considered in toxicological research as the most appropriate model for humans due to the species' close physiological contiguity, including reproductive physiology. Here, literature on the cynomolgus monkey placenta is reviewed in regards to its similarity to the human placenta and particularly for its immunological role, which is not entirely mirrored in humans. Pertinent original data are included in this article. The cynomolgus monkey placenta is evaluated based on three aspects: first, morphological development; second, the spatial and temporal appearance of maternal and fetal immune cells and certain immune cell products of the innate and adaptive immune systems; and third, the expression of relevant immune tolerance-related molecules including the homologs of anti-human leucocyte antigen, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, FAS/FAS-L, annexin II, and progesterone. Parameters relevant to the immunological role of the placenta are evaluated from the immunologically immature stage of gestational day (GD) 50 until more mature stages close to birth. Selected comparisons are drawn with human and other laboratory animal placentas. In conclusion, the cynomolgus monkey placenta has a high degree of morphological and physiological similarity to the human placenta. However, there are differences in the topographical distribution of cell types and immune tolerance-related molecules. Three basic features are recognized: (1) the immunological capacity of the placenta changes throughout the lifetime of the organ; (2) these immunological changes include multiple parameters such as morphological adaptations, cell type involvement, and changes in immune-relevant molecule expression; and (3) the immune systems of two genetically disparate individuals (mother and child) are functionally intertwined at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Udo R Markert
- b Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics , University Hospital Jena , Jena , Germany
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Markert UR, Pastuschek J, Heger JI, Favaro R, Bär C, Weber M, Kuon RJ, Toth B, Schleußner E. Natürliche Killerzellen und Plasmazellen im Endometrium bei Patientinnen mit unerfülltem Kinderwunsch. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1670987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- UR Markert
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Pastuschek
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - JI Heger
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - R Favaro
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - C Bär
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - M Weber
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
| | - RJ Kuon
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Abteilung für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitätsstörungen, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - B Toth
- Tirol Kliniken Innsbruck, Universitätsklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - E Schleußner
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Deutschland
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Johnson SK, Pastuschek J, Rödel J, Markert UR, Groten T. Placenta - Worth Trying? Human Maternal Placentophagia: Possible Benefit and Potential Risks. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018; 78:846-852. [PMID: 30258243 PMCID: PMC6138470 DOI: 10.1055/a-0674-6275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of placenta preparations as an individual puerperal remedy can be traced back to historical, traditional practices in Western and Asian medicine. To evaluate the ingestion of processed placenta as a puerperal remedy, the potential risks (trace elements, microorganisms) and possible benefit (hormones in the placental tissue) of such a practice are discussed in this article based on a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia K Johnson
- Plazenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Pastuschek
- Plazenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rödel
- Institut für klinische Mikrobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Plazenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tanja Groten
- Plazenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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Morales-Prieto DM, Herrmann J, Osterwald H, Kochhar PS, Schleussner E, Markert UR, Oettel M. Comparison of dienogest effects upon 3,3'-diindolylmethane supplementation in models of endometriosis and clinical cases. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:252-258. [PMID: 30001982 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dienogest (DNG) administration is a well-established treatment for endometriosis but bleeding irregularities remain its main disadvantage. Changes in diet, mainly to vegetable consumption, are beneficial in the treatment of estrogen-related pathologies but their use for endometriosis has been poorly studied. In this study, addition of the phytochemical 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) to DNG therapy has been investigated in in vitro and ex vivo models for endometriosis and in a small cohort of women with endometriosis. Endometrial Ishikawa cells were treated with DNG or DIM at dosages from 10-10 M to 10-5 M for up to 72 h. Cell proliferation was measured by assessing BrdU incorporation. Endometrial tissue from women with endometriosis and controls was incubated with DNG or a combination of DNG and DIM. Tissue viability was determined using a modified colorimetric MTS assay. 17β-estradiol secretion was quantified by an electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. Finally, DNG as monotherapy or in combination with DIM was randomly administered to women with endometriosis (n = 8) over 3 months. Bleeding patterns and associated pelvic pain were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). DNG and DIM significantly reduced cell proliferation in Ishikawa cells. Ex vivo, DIM reduced viability and estradiol secretion specifically in endometriotic but not in normal endometrial tissue. This effect was enhanced by combination with DNG. Endometriosis associated pelvic pain was significantly reduced in patients taking the DNG-DIM combination therapy compared to those taking DNG alone. Bleeding pattern (number and duration of episodes) was significantly improved by addition of DIM to the DNG treatment. In conclusion, addition of DIM enhances effects of DNG ex vivo and may ameliorate bleeding patterns in endometriosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Sophien- und Hufeland-Klinikum, Weimar, Germany
| | | | | | - Ekkehard Schleussner
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Lehmann R, Schmidt A, Pastuschek J, Müller MM, Fritzsche A, Dieterle S, Greb RR, Markert UR, Slevogt H. Comparison of sample preparation techniques and data analysis for the LC-MS/MS-based identification of proteins in human follicular fluid. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12994. [PMID: 29938851 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteomic analysis of complex body fluids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis requires the selection of suitable sample preparation techniques and optimal parameter settings in data analysis software packages to obtain reliable results. Proteomic analysis of follicular fluid, as a representative of a complex body fluid similar to serum or plasma, is difficult as it contains a vast amount of high abundant proteins and a variety of proteins with different concentrations. However, the accessibility of this complex body fluid for LC-MS/MS analysis is an opportunity to gain insights into the status, the composition of fertility-relevant proteins including immunological factors or for the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for, for example, the treatment of infertility. In this study, we compared different sample preparation methods (FASP, eFASP and in-solution digestion) and three different data analysis software packages (Proteome Discoverer with SEQUEST, Mascot and MaxQuant with Andromeda) combined with semi- and full-tryptic databank search options to obtain a maximum coverage of the follicular fluid proteome. We found that the most comprehensive proteome coverage is achieved by the eFASP sample preparation method using SDS in the initial denaturing step and the SEQUEST-based semi-tryptic data analysis. In conclusion, we have developed a fractionation-free methodical workflow for in depth LC-MS/MS-based analysis for the standardized investigation of human follicle fluid as an important representative of a complex body fluid. Taken together, we were able to identify a total of 1392 proteins in follicular fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Lehmann
- Host Septomics Research Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Pastuschek
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mario M Müller
- Host Septomics Research Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Udo R Markert
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Lab, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Host Septomics Research Group, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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50
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Markert UR, Pastuschek J, Heger JI, Favaro R, Bär C, Weber M, Kuon RJ, Toth B, Schleußner E. Natürliche Killerzellen und Plasmazellen im Endometrium bei Patientinnen mit unerfülltem Kinderwunsch. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- UR Markert
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - J Pastuschek
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - JI Heger
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - R Favaro
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - C Bär
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - M Weber
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - RJ Kuon
- Abteilung für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitätsstörungen, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - B Toth
- Universitätsklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Tirol Kliniken Innsbruck
| | - E Schleußner
- Placenta-Labor, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena
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