1
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Vaillant V, Roumiguié M, Lévy S, Pradère B, Peyromaure M, Duquesne I, De La Taille A, Lebâcle C, Panis A, Traxer O, Leon P, Hulin M, Xylinas E, Audenet F, Seisen T, Rouprêt M, Loriot Y, Allory Y, Neuzillet Y, Masson-Lecomte A. Oncological outcomes of distal ureterectomy for high risk urothelial carcinoma: A multicenter study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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2
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Mailles A, Garin-Bastuji B, Lavigne J, Jay M, Sotto A, Maurin M, Pelloux I, O’Callaghan D, Mick V, Vaillant V, De Valk H. Human brucellosis in France in the 21st century: Results from national surveillance 2004–2013. Med Mal Infect 2016; 46:411-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Rigaud E, Jaulhac B, Garcia-Bonnet N, Hunfeld KP, Féménia F, Huet D, Goulvestre C, Vaillant V, Deffontaines G, Abadia-Benoist G. Seroprevalence of seven pathogens transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus tick in forestry workers in France. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:735.e1-9. [PMID: 27237545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess the level of occupational exposure to the main pathogens transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus tick, a seroprevalence study was performed on serum samples collected in 2003 from 2975 forestry workers of northeastern France. The global seroprevalence estimated for the seven pathogens studied was 14.1% (419/2975) for Borrelia burgdorferi sl, 5.7% (164/2908) for Francisella tularensis, 2.3% (68/2941) for tick-borne encephalitis virus, 1.7% (50/2908) for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and 1.7% (48/2908) for Bartonella henselae. The seroprevalences of Babesia divergens and Babesia microti studied in a subgroup of participants seropositive for at least one of these latter pathogens were 0.1% (1/810) and 2.5% (20/810), respectively. Borrelia burgdorferi sl seroprevalence was significantly higher in Alsace and Lorraine and F. tularensis seroprevalence was significantly higher in Champagne-Ardenne and Franche-Comté. The results of this survey also suggest low rates of transmission of Bartonella henselae and F. tularensis by ticks and a different west/east distribution of Babesia species in France. The frequency and potential severity of these diseases justify continued promotion of methods of prevention of I. ricinus bites.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rigaud
- Caisse Centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, Direction santé sécurité au travail, Bagnolet, France.
| | - B Jaulhac
- EA7290 Virulence Bactérienne Précoce, Centre National de Référence des Borrelia, Groupe d'Etude de la Borréliose de Lyme (GEBLY), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Institut de Bactériologie, Université de Strasbourg, CHRU Strasbourg, France
| | - N Garcia-Bonnet
- Hôpital Avicenne, Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, formerly Caisse Centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, Bobigny, France
| | - K-P Hunfeld
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Northwest Medical Center, Academic Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, The Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Féménia
- INRA, UMR BIPAR, INRA, Anses, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - D Huet
- INRA, UMR BIPAR, INRA, Anses, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - C Goulvestre
- INRA, UMR BIPAR, INRA, Anses, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - G Deffontaines
- Caisse Centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, Direction santé sécurité au travail, Bagnolet, France
| | - G Abadia-Benoist
- AFOMETRA, formerly Caisse Centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, Paris, France
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4
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Laroucau K, Aaziz R, Meurice L, Servas V, Chossat I, Royer H, de Barbeyrac B, Vaillant V, Moyen JL, Meziani F, Sachse K, Rolland P. Outbreak of psittacosis in a group of women exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20. [PMID: 26111240 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.24.21155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Eight cases of psittacosis due to Chlamydia psittaci were identified in May 2013 among 15 individuals involved in chicken gutting activities on a mixed poultry farm in France. All cases were women between 42 and 67 years-old. Cases were diagnosed by serology and PCR of respiratory samples. Appropriate treatment was immediately administered to the eight hospitalised individuals after exposure to birds had been discovered. In the chicken flocks, mainly C. gallinacea was detected, a new member of the family Chlamydiaceae, whereas the ducks were found to harbour predominantly C. psittaci, the classical agent of psittacosis. In addition, C. psittaci was found in the same flock as the chickens that the patients had slaughtered. Both human and C. psittaci-positive avian samples carried the same ompA genotype E/B of C. psittaci, which is widespread among French duck flocks. Repeated grassland rotations between duck and chicken flocks on the farm may explain the presence of C. psittaci in the chickens. Inspection by the veterinary service led to temporary closure of the farm. All birds had to be euthanised on site as no slaughterhouses accepted processing them. Farm buildings and grasslands were cleaned and/or disinfected before the introduction of new poultry birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Laroucau
- Anses, Laboratoire de Sante Animale, Unite Zoonoses Bacteriennes, Laboratoire National de Reference pour la Chlamydiose Aviaire, Maisons-Alfort, France
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5
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King L, Loukiadis E, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Haeghebaert S, Weill FX, Baliere C, Ganet S, Gouali M, Vaillant V, Pihier N, Callon H, Novo R, Gaillot O, Thevenot-Sergentet D, Bingen E, Chaud P, de Valk H. Foodborne transmission of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:[H7] via ground beef: an outbreak in northern France, 2011. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O1136-44. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- Foodborne and zoonotic diseases unit, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Foodborne and zoonotic diseases unit, French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Saint-Maurice, France
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7
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Bédubourg G, Delmas G, Jourdan Da Silva N, Vaillant V, Le Strat Y, De Valk H. Augmentation des foyers de toxi-infection alimentaire collective en France entre 1996 et 2010 : réelle ou effet surveillance ? Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2014.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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8
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Vandenesch A, Turbelin C, Couturier E, Arena C, Jaulhac B, Ferquel E, Choumet V, Saugeon C, Coffinieres E, Blanchon T, Vaillant V, Hanslik T. Incidence and hospitalisation rates of Lyme borreliosis, France, 2004 to 2012. Euro Surveill 2014; 19. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.34.20883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vandenesch
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - C Turbelin
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - E Couturier
- Département des maladies infectieuses (Department of Infectious Diseases), Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Arena
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - B Jaulhac
- Centre National de Reference Borrelia, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Strasbourg, France
- EA 7290, Institut de Bactériologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - C Saugeon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - E Coffinieres
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - T Blanchon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Département des maladies infectieuses (Department of Infectious Diseases), Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - T Hanslik
- APHP, Service de médecine interne, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- UFR des sciences de la santé Simone-Veil, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, F-75013, Paris, France
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9
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Barret AS, Jourdan-da Silva N, Ambert-Balay K, Delmas G, Bone A, Thiolet JM, Vaillant V. Surveillance for outbreaks of gastroenteritis in elderly long-term care facilities in France, November 2010 to May 2012. Euro Surveill 2014; 19. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.29.20859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes outbreaks of gastroenteritis in elderly long-term care facilities (LTCF) in France from November 2010 to May 2012 reported through the surveillance system for gastroenteritis outbreaks in LTCF. A total of 1,072 outbreaks were reported, causing 26,551 episodes of illness and 60 deaths. The median attack rate (AR) among residents was 32%. Norovirus and person-to-person transmission were the most frequently reported aetiology and mode of transmission. Control measures were implemented in 1,054 (98%) outbreaks and for 928 outbreaks, the timing of such measures could be inferred. Of these, 799 (86%) had put control measures into effect within three days of the occurrence of the first case. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis in LTCF cause substantial morbidity and mortality among elderly people in France. LTCF are encouraged to develop infection prevention and control plans and to notify any gastroenteritis outbreak to health authorities to ensure rapid control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Barret
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | | | - K Ambert-Balay
- Centre national de référence des virus entériques, Dijon, France
| | - G Delmas
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - A Bone
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J M Thiolet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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10
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Mailles A, Garin-Bastuji B, Maurin M, Lavigne JP, Vaillant V. L-13: La brucellose humaine en France de 2004 à 2013. Med Mal Infect 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(14)70228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Jones G, Le Hello S, Jourdan-da Silva N, Vaillant V, de Valk H, Weill F, Le Strat Y. The French human Salmonella surveillance system: evaluation of timeliness of laboratory reporting and factors associated with delays, 2007 to 2011. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19. [PMID: 24434174 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.1.20664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the regular occurrence of salmonellosis outbreaks in France, evaluating the timeliness of laboratory reporting is critical for maintaining an effective surveillance system. Laboratory-confirmed human cases of Salmonella infection from whom strains were isolated from 2007 to 2011 in France (n=38,413) were extracted from the surveillance database. Three delay intervals were defined: transport delay (strain isolation, transport from primary laboratory to national reference laboratory), analysis delay (serotyping, reporting) and total reporting delay. We calculated the median delay in days and generated the cumulative delay distribution for each interval. Variables were tested for an association with reporting delay using a multivariable generalised linear model. The median transport and analysis delays were 7 and 6 days respectively (interquartile range (IQR: 6-10 and 4-9 respectively), with a median total reporting delay of 14 days (IQR: 11-19). Timeliness was influenced by various external factors: decreasing serotype frequency, geographical zone of primary laboratory and strain isolation on Sundays were the variables most strongly associated with increased length of delay. The effect of season and day of the week of isolation was highly variable over the study period. Several areas for interventions to shorten delays are identified and discussed for both transport and analysis delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jones
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
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12
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Marchand E, Prat C, Jeannin C, Lafont E, Bergmann T, Flusin O, Rizzi J, Roux N, Busso V, Deniau J, Noel H, Vaillant V, Leparc-Goffart I, Six C, Paty MC. Autochthonous case of dengue in France, October 2013. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:20661. [PMID: 24342514 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2013.18.50.20661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In October 2013, autochthonous dengue fever was diagnosed in a laboratory technician in Bouches-du-Rhone, southern France, a department colonised by Aedes albopictus since 2010. After ruling out occupational contamination, we identified the likely chain of local vector-borne transmission from which the autochthonous case arose. Though limited, this second occurrence of autochthonous dengue transmission in France highlights that efforts should be continued to rapidly detect dengue virus introduction and prevent its further dissemination in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marchand
- Regional office of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Cire Sud), Marseille, France
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13
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Charron M, Serre A, Ferquel E, Jaulhac B, Couturier E, Vaillant V. Réseaux régionaux de surveillance de la borréliose de Lyme : Franche-Comté et l’Aquitaine, 2010–2012. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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King LA, Vaillant V, Nogareda F, de Valk H. Reply to Morgan. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 56:1056-7. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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15
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Mailles A, De Broucker T, Costanzo P, Martinez-Almoyna L, Vaillant V, Stahl JP. Long-term Outcome of Patients Presenting With Acute Infectious Encephalitis of Various Causes in France. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54:1455-64. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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16
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Couturier E, Guillemin F, Mura M, Leon L, Virion JM, Letort MJ, De Valk H, Simon F, Vaillant V. Impaired quality of life after chikungunya virus infection: a 2-year follow-up study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 51:1315-22. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Gossner CM, van Cauteren D, Le Hello S, Weill FX, Terrien E, Tessier S, Janin C, Brisabois A, Dusch V, Vaillant V, Jourdan-da Silva N. Nationwide outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype 4,[5],12:i:- infection associated with consumption of dried pork sausage, France, November to December 2011. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 17. [PMID: 22321138 DOI: 10.2807/ese.17.05.20071-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of the monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica serotype 4,[5],12:i:- occurred in November and December 2011 in France. Epidemiological investigation and food investigation with the help of supermarket loyalty cards suggested dried pork sausage from one producer as the most likely source of the outbreak. Despite the absence of positive food samples, control measures including withdrawal and recall were implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Gossner
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), Saint-Maurice, France
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18
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Jourdan-da Silva N, Watrin M, Weill FX, King LA, Gouali M, Mailles A, van Cauteren D, Bataille M, Guettier S, Castrale C, Henry P, Mariani P, Vaillant V, de Valk H. Outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 among French tourists returning from Turkey, September 2011. Euro Surveill 2012; 17. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.17.04.20065-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight cases of diarrhoea, including two cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), were identified among 22 French tourists who travelled to Turkey in September 2011. A strain of Escherichia coli O104:H4 stx2-positive, eae-negative, hlyA-negative, aggR-positive, ESBL-negative was isolated from one HUS case. Molecular analyses show this strain to be genetically similar but not indistinguishable from the E. coli O104:H4 2011 outbreak strain of France and Germany. Although the source of infection was not identified, we conclude that the HUS cases had probably been infected in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jourdan-da Silva
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
| | - M Watrin
- Regional Office of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, Caen, France
| | - F X Weill
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre for Escherichia coli and Shigella, Paris, France
| | - L A King
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
| | - M Gouali
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre for Escherichia coli and Shigella, Paris, France
| | - A Mailles
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
| | - D van Cauteren
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
| | - M Bataille
- University Hospital of Caen, Neurology department, Caen, France
| | - S Guettier
- University Hospital of Caen, Neurology department, Caen, France
| | - C Castrale
- University Hospital of Caen, Nephrology department, Caen, France
| | - P Henry
- University Hospital of Caen, Nephrology department, Caen, France
| | - P Mariani
- Laboratory associated to the National Reference Centre for Escherichia coli and Shigella, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - V Vaillant
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
| | - H de Valk
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire), St Maurice, France
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19
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Goulet V, Hebert M, Hedberg C, Laurent E, Vaillant V, De Valk H, Desenclos JC. Incidence of Listeriosis and Related Mortality Among Groups at Risk of Acquiring Listeriosis. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 54:652-60. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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20
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Mailles A, Boisseleau D, Dacheux L, Michalewiscz C, Gloaguen C, Ponçon N, Bourhy H, Callon H, Vaillant V, Dabosville I, Morineau-Le Houssine P. Rabid dog illegally imported to France from Morocco, August 2011. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19946. [PMID: 21871230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In August 2011, a case of canine rabies was notified to the French veterinary services. The dog was a three-month-old puppy illegally imported from Morocco that presented behavioural changes on 1 August and was admitted to a veterinary clinic on 6 August. It died the following day and the body was shortly sent to the national reference centre where rabies was laboratory-confirmed on 11 August. Contact tracing and post-exposure treatment were initiated immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS), Saint Maurice, France.
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21
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Mailles A, Boisseleau D, Dacheux L, Michalewiscz C, Gloaguen C, Ponçon N, Bourhy H, Callon H, Vaillant V, Dabosville I, Morineau-Le Houssine P. Rabid dog illegally imported to France from Morocco, August 2011. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.33.19946-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In August 2011, a case of canine rabies was notified to the French veterinary services. The dog was a three-month-old puppy illegally imported from Morocco that presented behavioural changes on 1 August and was admitted to a veterinary clinic on 6 August. It died the following day and the body was shortly sent to the national reference centre where rabies was laboratory-confirmed on 11 August. Contact tracing and post-exposure treatment were initiated immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS), Saint Maurice, France
| | - D Boisseleau
- Regional Office for veterinary services Vendée (Direction départementale de la protection des populations de Vendée), La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - L Dacheux
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre for Rabies, Paris, France
| | - C Michalewiscz
- Regional Agency for Health Pays de Loire, Nantes, France
| | - C Gloaguen
- Regional Agency for Health Pays de Loire, Nantes, France
| | - N Ponçon
- General Directorate for Food (Direction Générale de l’Alimentation), Ministry of Agriculture, Paris, France
| | - H Bourhy
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre for Rabies, Paris, France
| | - H Callon
- General Directorate for Food (Direction Générale de l’Alimentation), Ministry of Agriculture, Paris, France
| | - V Vaillant
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS), Saint Maurice, France
| | - I Dabosville
- Anti-rabies Centre, University Hospital (Centre antirabique, centre hospitalier universitaire), Nantes, France
| | - P Morineau-Le Houssine
- Anti-rabies Centre, University Hospital (Centre antirabique, centre hospitalier universitaire), Nantes, France
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Gault G, Weill FX, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Jourdan-da Silva N, King L, Aldabe B, Charron M, Ong N, Castor C, Mace M, Bingen E, Noel H, Vaillant V, Bone A, Vendrely B, Delmas Y, Combe C, Bercion R, d'Andigne E, Desjardin M, de Valk H, Rolland P. Outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and bloody diarrhoea due to Escherichia coli O104:H4, south-west France, June 2011. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16. [PMID: 21749817 DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.26.19905-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gault
- Cellule interregionale d epidemiologie (CIRE) Aquitaine, France
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King LA, Popoff MR, Mazuet C, Espié E, Vaillant V, de Valk H. Le botulisme infantile en France, 1991–2009. Arch Pediatr 2010; 17:1288-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Soler P, Grout L, Roques AM, Vaillant V, Couturier E, Pouey J. Épidémie d’hépatite A liée à la consommation de tomates confites, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2010.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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25
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Bone A, Noel H, Le Hello S, Pihier N, Danan C, Raguenaud ME, Salah S, Bellali H, Vaillant V, Weill FX, Jourdan-da Silva N. Nationwide outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype 4,12:i:- infections in France, linked to dried pork sausage, March-May 2010. Euro Surveill 2010; 15:19592. [PMID: 20576238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In May 2010, a nationwide excess of infections with the specific monophasic variant Salmonella enterica serotype 4,12:i:- was investigated in France. Subtyping with multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis revealed a distinct epidemic strain within this excess. Epidemiological investigations identified a dried pork sausage sold by a particular chain of supermarkets as the likely vehicle of transmission. The suspected batches have been withdrawn and recalled.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bone
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice, France.
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Bone A, Noel H, Le Hello S, Pihier N, Danan C, Raguenaud ME, Salah S, Bellali H, Vaillant V, Weill FX, Jourdan-da Silva N. Nationwide outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype 4,12:i:- infections in France, linked to dried pork sausage, March-May 2010. Euro Surveill 2010. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.15.24.19592-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In May 2010, a nationwide excess of infections with the specific monophasic variant Salmonella enterica serotype 4,12:i:- was investigated in France. Subtyping with multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis revealed a distinct epidemic strain within this excess. Epidemiological investigations identified a dried pork sausage sold by a particular chain of supermarkets as the likely vehicle of transmission. The suspected batches have been withdrawn and recalled.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bone
- EPIET, European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology, ECDC, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice, France
| | - H Noel
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice, France
| | - S Le Hello
- Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Paris, France
| | - N Pihier
- Direction générale de l’alimentation, Mission des urgences sanitaires, Paris, France
| | - C Danan
- Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - M E Raguenaud
- Cellule de l’InVS en régions Limousin et Poitou-Charentes, France
| | - S Salah
- Direction générale de l’alimentation, Mission des urgences sanitaires, Paris, France
| | - H Bellali
- Profet - Programme de formation à l’épidémiologie de terrain
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Institut de veille sanitaire, St Maurice, France
| | - F X Weill
- Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Paris, France
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27
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van Cauteren D, Jourdan-da Silva N, Weill FX, King L, Brisabois A, Delmas G, Vaillant V, de Valk H. Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Muenster infections associated with goat's cheese, France, March 2008. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 14. [PMID: 19660242 DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.31.19290-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotype Muenster (hereafter referred to as S. Muenster) is rare in France and in Europe. In France, a nationwide outbreak of gastrointestinal illness due to S. Muenster occurred during March and April 2008. Twenty-five laboratory-confirmed cases of S. Muenster were documented by telephone using a trawling questionnaire. Four patients were admitted to hospital and no death was recorded. Among the 21 interviewed cases, 16 reported consumption of goat's cheese in the days prior to symptoms. The investigation incriminated goat's cheese from producer X as being the most likely source of the outbreak. S. Muenster was isolated from both cases and the incriminated goat's cheese. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the food isolates of producer X and the isolates from cases were indistinguishable. Following the withdrawal of the contaminated batch of cheese, the number of cases decreased to its usual level. To our knowledge, this is the first published outbreak of S. Muenster associated with food consumption in Europe.
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Couturier E, Roque-Afonso AM, Letort MJ, Dussaix E, Vaillant V. V-08 Adoption internationale et hépatite aiguë A, France, 2008. Med Mal Infect 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(09)74324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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King LA, Mailles A, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Vernozy-Rozand C, Montet MP, Grimont F, Pihier N, Devalk H, Perret F, Bingen E, Espié E, Vaillant V. Community-wide outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with consumption of frozen beef burgers. Epidemiol Infect 2009; 137:889-96. [PMID: 18945376 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268808001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
On 24-25 October 2005 a cluster of five haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) cases was reported in southwest France. An investigation was undertaken to identify the outbreak source and implement control measures. Cases were defined as individuals with HUS or diarrhoea with isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in stools or a positive antibody response to E. coli O157 lipopolysaccharide, resident in southwest France with symptom onset after 19 September 2005. Sixty-nine identified patients had symptom onset between 5 October and 3 November 2005, including 17 cases of HUS. One brand of frozen beef burgers produced on 22 August 2005 was consumed by all patients in the week before symptom onset. E. coli O157:H7 strains from patients, patients' burgers and the manufacturing plant were genetically related. This is the largest community-wide outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 in France to date and the first associated with consumption of contaminated frozen beef burgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A King
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France.
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30
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Brandel JP, Salomon D, Capek I, Vaillant V, Alpérovitch A. [Epidemiological surveillance of Creutzfeldt-Jakob in France]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009; 165:684-93. [PMID: 19467685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) have been under epidemiological surveillance in France and in Europe since the early 1990s. The observation of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (ESB) and its probable transmission to many species gave rise to the surveillance which remains warranted by the emergence of a variant of CJD (vCJD), in 1996. STATE OF ART In France, epidemiological surveillance is coordinated by the InVS which receives input from cases notifications addressed to INSERM Unit 708 directly by clinicians or more often following requests for 14-3-3 detection in CSF. All suspected cases are followed up until a final diagnosis is established. Thanks to the effectiveness of the French network of neuropathology, autopsies are performed in more than half of patients who die with a diagnosis of suspected CJD. Diagnostic criteria allow comparison of the incidence of the different forms of the disease in all countries with a system of surveillance. Sporadic CJD is the most frequent form of the disease with more than 80% of the cases. Its origin remains unknown. To date, cases of iatrogenic CJD referred to the French surveillance network have been caused by dura mater grafts or human growth hormone treatments administrated in the 1980s. Ten percent of TSE are of genetic origin with an autosomic dominant transmission of a mutation or an insertion located on the PRNP gene. The most recent form of the disease is vCJD which is a new form, first described in the United Kingdom in 1994. PROSPECT AND CONCLUSION Active epidemiological surveillance remains a timely issue, particularly in France, because of the development of new cases of iatrogenic CJD after human growth hormone treatment. It is of importance in France and worldwide because of the emergence of post-transfusional cases of vCJD and the possible appearance of vCJD in persons with valine-valine or methionine-valine genotypes at codon 129.
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Guillois-Bécel Y, Couturier E, Le Saux JC, Roque-Afonso AM, Le Guyader FS, Le Goas A, Pernès J, Le Bechec S, Briand A, Robert C, Dussaix E, Pommepuy M, Vaillant V. An oyster-associated hepatitis A outbreak in France in 2007. Euro Surveill 2009. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.10.19144-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guillois-Bécel
- Cellule interrégionale d’épidémiologie Ouest (West Interregional Epidemiology Unit, CIRE), Rennes, France
| | - E Couturier
- Institut de veille sanitaire (French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, InVS), Département des maladies infectieuses (Department of infectious diseases), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - J C Le Saux
- Institut français de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea, Ifremer), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Brest & Nantes, France
| | - A M Roque-Afonso
- Centre national de référence du virus de l’hépatite A (National Reference Centre for hepatitis A virus, CNR), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - F S Le Guyader
- Institut français de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea, Ifremer), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Brest & Nantes, France
| | - A Le Goas
- Direction départementale des affaires sanitaires et sociales des Côtes d’Armor (Local Health and Social Services Office for the Côtes d’Armor District), Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - J Pernès
- Direction départementale des affaires sanitaires et sociales des Côtes d’Armor (Local Health and Social Services Office for the Côtes d’Armor District), Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - S Le Bechec
- Direction départementale des affaires sanitaires et sociales des Côtes d’Armor (Local Health and Social Services Office for the Côtes d’Armor District), Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - A Briand
- Cellule interrégionale d’épidémiologie Ouest (West Interregional Epidemiology Unit, CIRE), Rennes, France
| | - C Robert
- Direction départementale des affaires sanitaires et sociales des Côtes d’Armor (Local Health and Social Services Office for the Côtes d’Armor District), Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - E Dussaix
- Centre national de référence du virus de l’hépatite A (National Reference Centre for hepatitis A virus, CNR), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - M Pommepuy
- Institut français de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea, Ifremer), Laboratoire de Microbiologie Brest & Nantes, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Institut de veille sanitaire (French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, InVS), Département des maladies infectieuses (Department of infectious diseases), Saint-Maurice, France
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32
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Guillois-Bécel Y, Couturier E, Le Saux JC, Roque-Afonso AM, Le Guyader FS, Le Goas A, Pernès J, Le Bechec S, Briand A, Robert C, Dussaix E, Pommepuy M, Vaillant V. An oyster-associated hepatitis A outbreak in France in 2007. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19144. [PMID: 19317985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the notification of nine hepatitis A cases clustered in the Cotes d Armor district in northwestern France, epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigations were set up in order to identify the source and vehicle of contamination and implement control measures. In total, 111 cases were identified in the outbreak, all of whom lived or had stayed as tourists in the Cotes d Armor district. Of the cases, 87% had eaten raw shellfish, and 81% specifically oysters. Traceback investigations carried out on raw shellfish consumed by the cases showed that the raw shellfish originated from a single shellfish farm. The shellfish were probably contaminated either in the submersible tanks or in a depuration land-based tank where they were stored. The source of contamination was not identified but shellfish could have been tainted by sewage overflows or by wastewater releases from a polluted storm sewer close to the shellfish farm or from on-site sanitation facilities. To prevent future hepatitis A outbreaks due to shellfish consumption from this area, hazards specific to each farm should be analysed. Timely information on sewage overflows should also be part of communities efforts regarding sewage collection and treatment.
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Couturier E, Roque-Afonso AM, Letort MJ, Dussaix E, Vaillant V, de Valk H. Cluster of cases of hepatitis A with a travel history to Egypt, September-November 2008, France. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19094. [PMID: 19161726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since September 2008, 26 cases of hepatitis A with a history of travel to Egypt have been reported in France. Investigations indicate that a common source of contamination linked to Nile river cruises is the most likely explanation of the increase in the number of cases reported in France as well as in several other European Union countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Couturier
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire, InVS), Department of infectious diseases (Département des maladies infectieuses), Saint-Maurice cedex, France.
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Couturier E, Roque-Afonso AM, Letort MJ, Dussaix E, Vaillant V, de Valk H. Cluster of cases of hepatitis A with a travel history to Egypt, September-November 2008, France. Euro Surveill 2009. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.03.19094-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since September 2008, 26 cases of hepatitis A with a history of travel to Egypt have been reported in France. Investigations indicate that a common source of contamination linked to Nile river cruises is the most likely explanation of the increase in the number of cases reported in France as well as in several other European Union countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Couturier
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire, InVS), Department of infectious diseases (Département des maladies infectieuses), Saint-Maurice cedex, France
| | - A M Roque-Afonso
- National reference centre for hepatitis A virus (Centre national de référence du virus de l’hépatite A), Hôpital Paul Brousse AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - M J Letort
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire, InVS), Department of infectious diseases (Département des maladies infectieuses), Saint-Maurice cedex, France
| | - E Dussaix
- National reference centre for hepatitis A virus (Centre national de référence du virus de l’hépatite A), Hôpital Paul Brousse AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - V Vaillant
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire, InVS), Department of infectious diseases (Département des maladies infectieuses), Saint-Maurice cedex, France
| | - H de Valk
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (Institut de veille sanitaire, InVS), Department of infectious diseases (Département des maladies infectieuses), Saint-Maurice cedex, France
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35
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Mailles A, Stahl JP, Brouard C, Vaillant V. [Epidemiology, improvement of etiological diagnosis, and outcome of infectious encephalitis in France in 2007: preliminary results of a national prospective study]. Med Mal Infect 2008; 38 Suppl 2:S37-8. [PMID: 18598862 DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(08)72983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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Castor C, Capek I, Servas V, Vaillant V. Étude descriptive prospective de l’incidence de la leptospirose en Aquitaine. De juin 2004 à décembre 2006. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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37
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Stahl J, Mailles A, Vaillant V. Les encéphalites infectieuses en France métropolitaine. Med Mal Infect 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(07)80030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Mailles A, Vaillant V, Stahl JP. Encéphalites infectieuses: données et limites du PMSI pour l'étude épidémiologique, France métropolitaine 2000–2002. Med Mal Infect 2007; 37:95-102. [PMID: 17267156 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many virus and bacteria can cause encephalitis but are rarely identified as the aetiological agent by individual diagnosis. In France, the only continuous source of information about encephalitis is the national hospital medical database (NHMD). Data from the VIH-negative patients recorded in mainland France between 2000 and 2002 with a diagnosis of encephalitis were extracted and analysed according to demographic, geographical and temporal distribution. Hospitalisation details were described. An average of 1200 patients was recorded each year. They were residents of all French districts and equally hospitalized in university hospitals and non university hospitals. Their mean age was 38, and most were men. The aetiological diagnosis was unknown for 80%. The most frequent aetiological diagnosis was herpes simplex virus in adults, and VZV virus in children. These results give us some clues to design a national study on encephalitis. The study will be implemented in mainland France in 2007 and will last one year. We invite all voluntary hospitals to include their encephalitic patients in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12-14, rue du val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex, France.
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39
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Floret D, Mailles A, Vaillant V, Stahl JP. Proposition d'étude sur les encéphalites aiguës des patients non-VIH en France métropolitaine. Arch Pediatr 2007; 14:131-2. [PMID: 17174536 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2006.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Desenclos JC, Vaillant V, Delarocque Astagneau E, Campèse C, Che D, Coignard B, Bonmarin I, Lévy Bruhl D, de Valk H. [Principles of an outbreak investigation in public health practice]. Med Mal Infect 2007; 37:77-94. [PMID: 17196781 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak (or epidemic) is a higher number of cases of a given disease in a given population and time interval. A timely investigation has for aim to identify the source and vehicle of the outbreak and provides unique opportunities to better understand its occurrence and the role of contributing risk factors to implement the most appropriate measures to control it and prevent further recurrences. The investigation of an outbreak is based on a multidisciplinary approach (clinical, epidemiological, environmental, and microbiological) with a descriptive and analytical (hypothesis testing) phase. In this article, we describe the methodological approach of a field outbreak investigation illustrated by examples taken from our experience. The investigation includes the following steps: establishing the existence of the outbreak; defining the disease; finding cases; describing cases by time, place, and person characteristics; establishing a hypothesis related to the mode of occurrence; testing the hypotheses; conducting an environmental investigation; conducting a microbiological investigation; controlling the outbreak, preventing further occurrences, and writing an investigation report to share experience with the public health and scientific community. The investigation of an outbreak is an evolving process: information gathered or conclusions made at a given stage must be fully used for following steps. The social, institutional, and political background associated with outbreaks usually makes their investigation complex and should be taken into account. The earlier the outbreak is detected and investigated in close relation with public health authorities, the greater will be the potential preventive impact of control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-C Desenclos
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12, rue du Val-d'Osne, Saint-Maurice, France.
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41
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Espié E, Grimont F, Vaillant V, Montet MP, Carle I, Bavai C, de Valk H, Vernozy-Rozand C. O148 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli outbreak: microbiological investigation as a useful complement to epidemiological investigation. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006; 12:992-8. [PMID: 16961636 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O148 infection occurred among wedding attendees in France in June 2002. A retrospective cohort study was performed and ten cases were identified, including two adults with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). The analytical study revealed that > 80% of affected individuals had eaten lightly roasted mutton and poultry pâté, but only the consumption of pâté tended to be associated with illness (relative risk 3.4; 95% CI 0.8-14.4). Left-overs (cooked mutton and raw offal) and processed foods (pâté) from the same batches as served at the party were sampled. Human, food and environmental samples were examined for the Shiga toxin (stx) gene and virulence traits by PCR. Stx-positive samples were cultured for STEC. HUS cases were tested for serum antibodies against 26 major STEC serogroups. An STEC O26 strain (stx1, eae, ehxA) was isolated from one case with diarrhoea, and an STEC O148 strain (stx2c) from one case of HUS. Serum antibodies against O26 were not detected in either of these patients; antibodies against O148 were not tested. Three STEC strains were isolated from the mutton and the offal (stx2c, O148), and two from the pâté (stx2c, O-X and O-Y). The isolates from the mutton were indistinguishable from the human stx2c isolate, whereas the pâté isolates differed. Although four different STEC strains were identified in patients and foods, the results of molecular subtyping, in conjunction with analysis of food consumption patterns, strongly suggested that this outbreak was caused by mutton contaminated with STEC O148.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Espié
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Saint Maurice, France.
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42
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Abstract
Mandatory notification of listeriosis began in France in 1999. Enhanced public health surveillance, including routine molecular characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes strains, epidemiologic follow up of cases, and collection of food samples, has improved the sensitivity of outbreak detection and response.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goulet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Jacquet
- Centre national de référence des Listeria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - P Martin
- Centre national de référence des Listeria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - E Laurent
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - H de Valk
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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43
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Mailles A, Capek I, Ajana F, Schepens C, Ilef D, Vaillant V. Commercial watercress as an emerging source of fascioliasis in Northern France in 2002: results from an outbreak investigation. Epidemiol Infect 2006; 134:942-5. [PMID: 16569267 PMCID: PMC2870496 DOI: 10.1017/s095026880600611x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In April 2002, five cases of fascioliasis were diagnosed in Tourcoing. A case-finding and a case-control study were carried out to identify the source of the outbreak and take appropriate control measures. Eighteen cases were identified through the medical laboratories carrying out serology for fascioliasis. Fourteen cases and 23 controls, identified by the physicians of the cases, were interviewed on symptoms of the disease and their consumption of uncooked plants. Cases were more likely than controls to have eaten commercialized raw watercress (OR 86.7, P < 0.001) and 13 (93%) of the cases reported its consumption. A single producer common to all cases was identified. The inspection of his watercress beds showed a lack of protection against Lymnaea truncatula. This outbreak of fascioliasis due to commercialized watercress indicates that actual sanitary regulations do not allow for the efficient prevention of infestation of watercress production in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mailles
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France.
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44
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Espié E, Vaillant V, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Grimont F, Martin-Schaller R, De Valk H, Vernozy-Rozand C. Escherichia coli O157 outbreak associated with fresh unpasteurized goats' cheese. Epidemiol Infect 2006; 134:143-6. [PMID: 16409661 PMCID: PMC2870372 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268805004887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A family cluster of three cases of Escherichia coli O157 infection was identified in France. Two cases developed haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. The source was fresh unpasteurized goats' cheese, produced by an independent producer. Three E. coli O157 strains, isolated from one HUS case and faeces of one cow and one goat, were indistinguishable by toxin type and PFGE pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Espié
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Saint Maurice, France.
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45
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Siret V, Barataud D, Prat M, Vaillant V, Ansart S, Le Coustumier A, Vaissaire J, Raffi F, Garré M, Capek I. An outbreak of airborne tularaemia in France, August 2004. Euro Surveill 2006; 11:3-4. [DOI: 10.2807/esm.11.02.00598-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifteen tularaemia cases were identified after a holiday spent at a converted mill in the Vendee region in France, between 9 and 12 August 2004.
The mill was visited, and descriptive, retrospective cohort and environmental investigations were conducted. The 39 people who had stayed at the mill between 24 July and 11 August were asked about symptoms, exposure to food and animals, and leisure activities.
A case was defined as a person with evidence of fever and a positive serology (seroconversion or significant rise in antibody titre, or a single titre) = 40. Culture for Francisella tularensis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnosis was carried out for drinking water, firewood, and domestic animals at the mill.
Fifteen cases of tularaemia (38%) were confirmed. Twelve of the cases (80%) had the pulmonary form. None of the patients was admitted to hospital.
There was a strong association between infection and participation in a dinner at the mill on 4 August (p<10-8). One of the three dogs present in the dining room was serologically positive for F. tularensis.
Results of analysis of environmental samples were negative.
These investigations confirmed the occurrence of a cluster of 15 tularaemia cases, in patients who were infected on the evening of 4 August, in a mill in Vend¨¦e, an endemic area for tularaemia. The investigations highlight the existence of nonspecific and benign pulmonary forms of the illness in France.
The pulmonary form of infection in the human cases and the positive serology of the dog suggest contamination by inhalation of contaminated particles from the dog¡¯s fur disseminated by the dog shaking itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Siret
- Programme de Formation à l'Epidémiologie de Terrain, Département des maladies infectieuses, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
- Département des maladies infectieuses, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - D Barataud
- Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - M Prat
- Direction départementale des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Loire Atlantique, Nantes, France
| | - V Vaillant
- Département des maladies infectieuses, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - S Ansart
- Service de médecine interne 2, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - A Le Coustumier
- Laboratoire associé du Centre national de référence de la tularémie, Service de biologie médicale, Centre Hospitalier, Cahors, France
| | - J Vaissaire
- Centre national de référence de la tularémie, Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - F Raffi
- Service maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalo-universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - M Garré
- Service de médecine interne 2, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - I Capek
- Département des maladies infectieuses, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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46
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Siret V, Barataud D, Prat M, Vaillant V, Ansart S, Le Coustumier A, Vaissaire J, Raffi F, Garre M, Capek I. An outbreak of airborne tularaemia in France, August 2004. Euro Surveill 2006; 11:58-60. [PMID: 16525197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen tularaemia cases were identified after a holiday spent at a converted mill in the Vendee region in France, between 9 and 12 August 2004. The mill was visited, and descriptive, retrospective cohort and environmental investigations were conducted. The 39 people who had stayed at the mill between 24 July and 11 August were asked about symptoms, exposure to food and animals, and leisure activities. A case was defined as a person with evidence of fever and a positive serology (seroconversion or significant rise in antibody titre, or a single titre) = 40. Culture for Francisella tularensis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnosis was carried out for drinking water, firewood, and domestic animals at the mill. Fifteen cases of tularaemia (38%) were confirmed. Twelve of the cases (80%) had the pulmonary form. None of the patients was admitted to hospital. There was a strong association between infection and participation in a dinner at the mill on 4 August (p < 10(-8)). One of the three dogs present in the dining room was serologically positive for F. tularensis. Results of analysis of environmental samples were negative. These investigations confirmed the occurrence of a cluster of 15 tularaemia cases, in patients who were infected on the evening of 4 August, in a mill in VendAe, an endemic area for tularaemia. The investigations highlight the existence of nonspecific and benign pulmonary forms of the illness in France. The pulmonary form of infection in the human cases and the positive serology of the dog suggest contamination by inhalation of contaminated particles from the dogos fur disseminated by the dog shaking itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Siret
- Departement des maladies infectieuses, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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47
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Goulet V, Jacquet C, Martin P, Vaillant V, Laurent E, de Valk H. Surveillance of human listeriosis in France, 2001-2003. Euro Surveill 2006; 11:79-81. [PMID: 16801697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mandatory notification of listeriosis began in France in 1999. Enhanced public health surveillance, including routine molecular characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes strains, epidemiologic follow up of cases, and collection of food samples, has improved the sensitivity of outbreak detection and response. The incidence of listeriosis declined from 4.5 cases/million in 1999-2000 to approximately 3.5 cases/million during the period 2001-2003. Clinical, demographic and microbiological characteristics of listeriosis in France remained stable during this time period. Maternal-fetal infections accounted for 24% of all cases. Serovar 4b accounted for 49% of cases and 60% of case clusters. The incidence of listeriosis in France has declined and is now lower than in several other European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goulet
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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48
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Haus-Cheymol R, Espie E, Che D, Vaillant V, DE Valk H, Desenclos JC. Association between indicators of cattle density and incidence of paediatric haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children under 15 years of age in France between 1996 and 2001: an ecological study. Epidemiol Infect 2005; 134:712-8. [PMID: 16371171 PMCID: PMC2870442 DOI: 10.1017/s095026880500542x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 emerged as an important cause of severe gastrointestinal illnesses and haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) with up to 10% of children infected with STEC developing HUS. We conducted a geographical ecological study using the district as the statistical unit. For each district, we estimated the incidence of HUS among children <15 years for the period 1996-2001 from national HUS surveillance data and data obtained on cattle density. We used multivariate Poisson regression to quantify the relation, adjusted for covariates, between paediatric HUS incidence and exposure to cattle. In univariate analysis, a positive association was observed between several cattle-density indicators and HUS incidence. In multivariate analysis, HUS paediatric incidence was associated with dairy cattle density and the ratio of calves to children <15 years (P<0.001). Our findings are consistent with previous studies in other countries and support the recommendation to limit exposure of children to dairy cattle and manure to reduce the risk of STEC infection.
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49
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Bon F, Ambert-Balay K, Giraudon H, Kaplon J, Le Guyader S, Pommepuy M, Gallay A, Vaillant V, de Valk H, Chikhi-Brachet R, Flahaut A, Pothier P, Kohli E. Molecular epidemiology of caliciviruses detected in sporadic and outbreak cases of gastroenteritis in France from December 1998 to February 2004. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:4659-64. [PMID: 16145123 PMCID: PMC1234073 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.9.4659-4664.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We compiled sequence and epidemiological data from 172 caliciviruses detected in France from December 1998 to February 2004 in sporadic and outbreak cases. The results showed a cocirculation of strains with a majority of genogroup II (GII) noroviruses. Three groups of noroviruses, not detected before in our laboratory, emerged and spread during the period: the recombinant GGIIb and Norwalk-related strains not amplified in the polymerase gene in 2000 and a new Lordsdale variant in 2002. We observed that (i) GII-4 noroviruses were predominant in nursing home and hospital outbreaks but rare in oyster- and water-related outbreaks despite continuous circulation in the population; (ii) at the opposite, genogroup I strains were detected in the majority of environmental outbreaks; (iii) several strains were frequently found in oyster- and water-linked outbreaks (up to seven), whereas one single strain was detected when transmission was from person to person; and (iv) whereas GII noroviruses were predominant in sporadic cases where patients were under 15 years of age, GI strains were more frequent in outbreaks occurring in this age group. Finally, from a methodology point of view, this compilation shows that detection and characterization in the polymerase gene are not adequate in a significant number of cases and should be completed by amplification and sequencing in the capsid gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bon
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital du bocage, 2 Bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France.
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50
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de Valk H, Jacquet C, Goulet V, Vaillant V, Perra A, Simon F, Desenclos JC, Martin P. Surveillance of listeria infections in Europe. Euro Surveill 2005; 10:251-5. [PMID: 16282642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the economic consequences and threats associated with outbreaks, listeriosis remains of great public health concern, as it has one of the highest case fatality rates of all the foodborne infections (20%-30%), and has common source epidemic potential. Changes in the way food is produced, distributed and stored have created the potential for diffuse and widespread outbreaks involving many countries. In 2002, a survey was carried out to assess the need for and the feasibility of a European network on listeria infections in humans. Data on surveillance systems and laboratory methods were collected through two postal surveys sent to the national Centres for communicable disease surveillance and to the listeria reference laboratories. Surveillance systems for listeria infections were in operation in 16 out of the 17 countries surveyed, and 16 countries had a national reference laboratory (NRL). All countries based their case definition of listeriosis on the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes. Fourteen NRLs performed at least one typing method on human strains. At least 13 countries already carried out or expressed willingness to carry out characterisation of isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of L. monocytogenes strains isolated from human cases following a standard protocol. The participants concluded that there was a clear added value to having a European surveillance network for listeria infections, particularly for outbreak detection and investigation, and that a surveillance network based on the existing national surveillance systems was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- H de Valk
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France
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