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Vacca V, Rossi C, Pieroni L, De Angelis F, Giacovazzo G, Cicalini I, Ciavardelli D, Pavone F, Coccurello R, Marinelli S. Sex-specific adipose tissue's dynamic role in metabolic and inflammatory response following peripheral nerve injury. iScience 2023; 26:107914. [PMID: 37817933 PMCID: PMC10561049 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data and research highlight increased neuropathy and chronic pain prevalence among females, spanning metabolic and normometabolic contexts, including murine models. Prior findings demonstrated diverse immune and neuroimmune responses between genders in neuropathic pain (NeP), alongside distinct protein expression in sciatic nerves. This study unveils adipose tissue's (AT) role in sex-specific NeP responses after peripheral nerve injury. Metabolic assessments, metabolomics, energy expenditure evaluations, AT proteomic analyses, and adipokine mobilization depict distinct AT reactions to nerve damage. Females exhibit altered lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, heightened energy expenditure, and augmented steroids secretion affecting glucose and insulin metabolism. Conversely, male neuropathy prompts glycolysis, reduced energy expenditure, and lowered unsaturated fatty acid levels. Males' AT promotes regenerative molecules, oxidative stress defense, and stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ) and adiponectin. This study underscores AT's pivotal role in regulating gender-specific inflammatory and metabolic responses to nerve injuries, shedding light on female NeP susceptibility determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luisa Pieroni
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica De Angelis
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Università degli studi di Teramo (UniTE) - Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cicalini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico Ciavardelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- School of Medicine, University Kore of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Council of Research (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
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Mastrorilli V, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Pavone F, Luvisetto S, Marinelli S. Xeomin®, a Commercial Formulation of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A, Promotes Regeneration in a Preclinical Model of Spinal Cord Injury. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040248. [PMID: 37104185 PMCID: PMC10142820 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Xeomin® is a commercial formulation of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) clinically authorized for treating neurological disorders, such as blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, limb spasticity, and sialorrhea. We have previously demonstrated that spinal injection of laboratory purified 150 kDa BoNT/A in paraplegic mice, after undergoing traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), was able to reduce excitotoxic phenomena, glial scar, inflammation, and the development of neuropathic pain and facilitate regeneration and motor recovery. In the present study, as proof of concept in view of a possible clinical application, we studied the efficacy of Xeomin® in the same preclinical SCI model in which we highlighted the positive effects of lab-purified BoNT/A. Data comparison shows that Xeomin® induces similar pharmacological and therapeutic effects, albeit with less efficacy, to lab-purified BoNT/A. This difference, which can be improved by adjusting the dose, can be attributable to the different formulation and pharmacodynamics. Although the mechanism by which Xeomin® and laboratory purified BoNT/A induce functional improvement in paraplegic mice is still far from being understood, these results open a possible new scenario in treatment of SCI and are a stimulus for further research.
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Golini E, Marinelli S, Pisu S, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Rava A, Casola I, Laurenzi G, Rizzuto E, Giuliani A, Musarò A, Dobrowolny G, Mandillo S. Wheel Running Adversely Affects Disease Onset and Neuromuscular Interplay in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Slow Progression Mouse Model. Curr Neurovasc Res 2023; 20:362-376. [PMID: 37614106 DOI: 10.2174/1567202620666230823095922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) plays a controversial role. In some epidemiological studies, both recreational or professional sport exercise has been associated to an increased risk for ALS but the mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise have not been fully elucidated in either patients or animal models. METHODS To better reproduce the influence of this environmental factor in the pathogenesis of ALS, we exposed SOD1G93A low-copy male mice to multiple exercise sessions at asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic disease stages in an automated home-cage running-wheel system for about 3 months. RESULTS Repeated voluntary running negatively influenced disease progression by anticipating disease onset, impairing neuromuscular transmission, worsening neuromuscular decline, and exacerbating muscle atrophy. Muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) as well as key molecular players of the nerve-muscle circuit were similarly affected. CONCLUSION It thus appears that excessive physical activity can be detrimental in predisposed individuals and these findings could model the increased risk of developing ALS in predisposed and specific professional athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Golini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
| | - Simona Pisu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica De Angelis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rava
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
| | - Irene Casola
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia- Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Laurenzi
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia- Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rizzuto
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Roma 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuliani
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia- Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Dobrowolny
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia- Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Mandillo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology IBBC, National Research Council CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo scalo, Roma, 00015, Italy
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La Cognata V, Golini E, Iemmolo R, Balletta S, Morello G, De Rosa C, Villari A, Marinelli S, Vacca V, Bonaventura G, Dell'Albani P, Aronica E, Mammano F, Mandillo S, Cavallaro S. CXCR2 increases in ALS cortical neurons and its inhibition prevents motor neuron degeneration in vitro and improves neuromuscular function in SOD1G93A mice. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 160:105538. [PMID: 34743985 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by depletion of motor neurons (MNs), for which effective medical treatments are still required. Previous transcriptomic analysis revealed the up-regulation of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2)-mRNA in a subset of sporadic ALS patients and SOD1G93A mice. Here, we confirmed the increase of CXCR2 in human ALS cortex, and showed that CXCR2 is mainly localized in cell bodies and axons of cortical neurons. We also investigated the effects of reparixin, an allosteric inhibitor of CXCR2, in degenerating human iPSC-derived MNs and SOD1G93A mice. In vitro, reparixin rescued MNs from apoptotic cell death, preserving neuronal morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential and cytoplasmic membrane integrity, whereas in vivo it improved neuromuscular function of SOD1G93A mice. Altogether, these data suggest a role for CXCR2 in ALS pathology and support its pharmacological inhibition as a candidate therapeutic strategy against ALS at least in a specific subgroup of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina La Cognata
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Golini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Rosario Iemmolo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Sara Balletta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Morello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Carla De Rosa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Ambra Villari
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Sara Marinelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Valentina Vacca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Bonaventura
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Paola Dell'Albani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro) Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Fabio Mammano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Silvia Mandillo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, CT, Italy.
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Vacca V, Marinelli S, De Angelis F, Angelini DF, Piras E, Battistini L, Pavone F, Coccurello R. Sexually Dimorphic Immune and Neuroimmune Changes Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice: Novel Insights for Gender Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094397. [PMID: 33922372 PMCID: PMC8122838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NeP) in humans is often a life-long condition with no effective therapy available. The higher incidence of female gender in NeP onset is worldwide reported, and although the cause is generally attributed to sex hormones, the actual mechanisms and the players involved are still unclear. Glial and immune cells take part in NeP development, and orchestrate the neuroimmune and inflammatory response, releasing pro-inflammatory factors with chemoattractant properties that activate resident immune cells and recruit immune cells from circulation. The neuro-immune crosstalk is a key contributor to pain hypersensitivity following peripheral nervous system injury. Our previous works showed that in spite of the fact that female mice had an earlier analgesic response than males following nerve lesion, the recovery from NeP was never complete, suggesting that this difference could occur in the very early stages after injury. To further investigate gender differences in immune and neuroimmune responses to NeP, we studied the main immune cells and mediators elicited both in plasma and sciatic nerves by peripheral nerve lesion. After injury, we found a different pattern of distribution of immune cell populations showing either a higher infiltration of T cells in nerves from females or a higher infiltration of macrophages in nerves from males. Moreover, in comparison to male mice, the levels of cytokines and chemokines were differently up- and down-regulated in blood and nerve lysates from female mice. Our study provides some novel insights for the understanding of gender-associated differences in the generation and perseveration of NeP as well as for the isolation of specific neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying NeP. The identification of gender-associated inflammatory profiles in neuropathy is of key importance for the development of differential biomarkers and gender-specific personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR-National Research Council, CNR, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.A.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR-National Research Council, CNR, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.A.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Federica De Angelis
- CNR-National Research Council, CNR, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.A.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
| | | | - Eleonora Piras
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Luca Battistini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR-National Research Council, CNR, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.A.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (D.F.A.); (E.P.); (L.B.)
- CNR-National Research Council, CNR, Institute for Complex System (ISC), via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (R.C.)
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Angelini DF, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Piras E, Parisi C, Nutini M, Spalloni A, Pagano F, Longone P, Battistini L, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Corrigendum: Very Early Involvement of Innate Immunity in Peripheral Nerve Degeneration in SOD1-G93A Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682508. [PMID: 33889160 PMCID: PMC8056456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica De Angelis
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piras
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Parisi
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Nutini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alida Spalloni
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
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7
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Angelini DF, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Piras E, Parisi C, Nutini M, Spalloni A, Pagano F, Longone P, Battistini L, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Very Early Involvement of Innate Immunity in Peripheral Nerve Degeneration in SOD1-G93A Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575792. [PMID: 33329541 PMCID: PMC7714949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that immune system has a role in the progression and prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), but the identification of a clear mechanism and immune players remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated, in 30 and 60 days (presymptomatic) and 120 days (symptomatic) old SOD1-G93A mice, systemic, peripheral, and central innate and adaptive immune and inflammatory response, correlating it with the progression of the neurodegeneration in neuromuscular junction, sciatic nerves, and spinal cord. Surprisingly, we found a very initial (45-60 days) presence of IgG in sciatic nerves together with a gradual enhancement of A20/TNFAIP3 (protein controlling NF-κB signalling) and a concomitantly significant increase and activation of circulating mast cells (MCs) as well as MCs and macrophages in sciatic nerve and an enhancement of IL-6 and IL-10. This immunological frame coincided with a myelin aggregation. The 30-60 days old SOD1-G93A mice didn't show real elements of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in spinal cord. In 120 days old mice macrophages and monocytes are widely diffused in sciatic nerves, peripheral neurodegeneration reaches the tip, high circulating levels of TNFα and IL-2 were found and spinal cord exhibits clear signs of neural damage and infiltrating immune cells. Our results underpin a clear immunological disorder at the origin of ALS axonopathy, in which MCs are involved in the initiation and sustaining of inflammatory events. These data cannot be considered a mere epiphenomenon of motor neuron degeneration and reveal new potential selective immune targets in ALS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica De Angelis
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piras
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Parisi
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Nutini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alida Spalloni
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
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Vacca V, Madaro L, De Angelis F, Proietti D, Cobianchi S, Orsini T, Puri PL, Luvisetto S, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Revealing the Therapeutic Potential of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Counteracting Paralysis and Neuropathic Pain in Spinally Injured Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E491. [PMID: 32751937 PMCID: PMC7472120 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12080491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is a major therapeutic agent that has been proven to be a successful treatment for different neurological disorders, with emerging novel therapeutic indications each year. BoNT/A exerts its action by blocking SNARE complex formation and vesicle release through the specific cleavage of SNAP-25 protein; the toxin is able to block the release of pro-inflammatory molecules for months after its administration. Here we demonstrate the extraordinary capacity of BoNT/A to neutralize the complete paralysis and pain insensitivity induced in a murine model of severe spinal cord injury (SCI). We show that the toxin, spinally administered within one hour from spinal trauma, exerts a long-lasting proteolytic action, up to 60 days after its administration, and induces a complete recovery of muscle and motor function. BoNT/A modulates SCI-induced neuroglia hyperreactivity, facilitating axonal restoration, and preventing secondary cells death and damage. Moreover, we demonstrate that BoNT/A affects SCI-induced neuropathic pain after moderate spinal contusion, confirming its anti-nociceptive action in this kind of pain, as well. Our results provide the intriguing and real possibility to identify in BoNT/A a therapeutic tool in counteracting SCI-induced detrimental effects. Because of the well-documented BoNT/A pharmacology, safety, and toxicity, these findings strongly encourage clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy; (V.V.); (T.O.); (S.L.)
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Roma, Italy; (L.M.); (F.D.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Roma, Italy; (L.M.); (F.D.A.); (D.P.)
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daisy Proietti
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Roma, Italy; (L.M.); (F.D.A.); (D.P.)
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Cobianchi
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Tiziana Orsini
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy; (V.V.); (T.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Siro Luvisetto
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy; (V.V.); (T.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy; (V.V.); (T.O.); (S.L.)
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Roma, Italy; (L.M.); (F.D.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (RM), Italy; (V.V.); (T.O.); (S.L.)
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Roma, Italy; (L.M.); (F.D.A.); (D.P.)
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De Angelis F, Vacca V, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Impact of caloric restriction on peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain during ageing in mice. Eur J Pain 2019; 24:374-382. [PMID: 31610068 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of peripheral neuropathy development and chronic pain is strongly associated with the arrival of senescence. The gradual physiological decline that begins after the mature stage produces myelin dysregulation and pathological changes in peripheral nervous system, attributed to reduction in myelin proteins expression and thinner myelin sheath. Moreover in elder subjects, when nerve damage occurs, the regenerative processes are seriously compromised and neuropathic pain (NeP) is maintained. We previously demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) in adult (4 months) nerve-lesioned mice was able to facilitate remyelination and axons regeneration, to have anti-inflammatory action and to prevent NeP chronification. Here, we show CR therapeutic potential on nerve injury-induced neuropathy in mice at the beginning of the senescence (12 months). Long lasting decrease in hypersensitvity induced by peripheral nerve lesion and powerful reduction in proinflammatory circulating agents have been observed. Moreover, our results evidence that CR is able to counteract the ageing-related delay in axonal regeneration, enhancing Schwann cells proliferation and accelerating recovery processes. Differently from adults, it does not affect fibres myelination. In light of a continuous growth in elderly population and correlated health problems, including metabolic disorders, the prevalence of neuropathy is enhancing, generating a significant public cost and social concern. In this context energy depletion by dietary restriction can be a therapeutic option in NeP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Angelis
- IRCCS - S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,CNR - Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo scalo, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- IRCCS - S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,CNR - Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo scalo, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR - Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo scalo, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR - Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo scalo, Italy
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10
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Govoni F, Orrù E, Bonafede A, Iacobelli M, Paladino R, Vazza F, Murgia M, Vacca V, Giovannini G, Feretti L, Loi F, Bernardi G, Ferrari C, Pizzo RF, Gheller C, Manti S, Brüggen M, Brunetti G, Cassano R, de Gasperin F, Enßlin TA, Hoeft M, Horellou C, Junklewitz H, Röttgering HJA, Scaife AMM, Shimwell TW, van Weeren RJ, Wise M. A radio ridge connecting two galaxy clusters in a filament of the cosmic web. Science 2019; 364:981-984. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aat7500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Galaxy clusters are the most massive gravitationally bound structures in the Universe. They grow by accreting smaller structures in a merging process that produces shocks and turbulence in the intracluster gas. We observed a ridge of radio emission connecting the merging galaxy clusters Abell 0399 and Abell 0401 with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope network at 140 megahertz. This emission requires a population of relativistic electrons and a magnetic field located in a filament between the two galaxy clusters. We performed simulations to show that a volume-filling distribution of weak shocks may reaccelerate a preexisting population of relativistic particles, producing emission at radio wavelengths that illuminates the magnetic ridge.
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11
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Coccurello R, Nazio F, Rossi C, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Giacovazzo G, Procacci P, Magnaghi V, Ciavardelli D, Marinelli S. Effects of caloric restriction on neuropathic pain, peripheral nerve degeneration and inflammation in normometabolic and autophagy defective prediabetic Ambra1 mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208596. [PMID: 30532260 PMCID: PMC6287902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest on the role of autophagy in diabetes pathophysiology, where development of neuropathy is one of the most frequent comorbidities. We have previously demonstrated that neuropathic pain after nerve damage is exacerbated in autophagy-defective heterozygous Ambra1 mice. Here, we show the existence of a prediabetic state in Ambra1 mice, characterized by hyperglycemia, intolerance to glucose and insulin resistance. Thus, we further investigate the hypothesis that prediabetes may account for the exacerbation of allodynia and chronic pain and that counteracting the autophagy deficit may relieve the neuropathic condition. We took advantage from caloric restriction (CR) able to exert a double action: a powerful increase of autophagy and a control on the metabolic status. We found that CR ameliorates neuropathy throughout anti-inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms both in Ambra1 and in WT animals subjected to nerve injury. Moreover, we discovered that nerve lesion represents, per se, a metabolic stressor and CR reinstates glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, incomplete fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism. As autophagy inducer, CR promotes and anticipates Schwann cell autophagy via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) that facilitates remyelination in peripheral nerve. In summary, we provide new evidence for the role of autophagy in glucose metabolism and identify in energy depletion by dietary restriction a therapeutic approach in the fight against neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coccurello
- National Research Council–CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centro Scienze dell’Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale—CeSI-MeT, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Vacca
- National Research Council–CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- National Research Council–CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Procacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Ciavardelli
- Centro Scienze dell’Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale—CeSI-MeT, Chieti, Italy
- School of Human and Social Science, “Kore” University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- National Research Council–CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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12
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Finocchiaro A, Marinelli S, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. Botulinum Toxin B Affects Neuropathic Pain but Not Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury in a Mouse Model. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10030128. [PMID: 29562640 PMCID: PMC5869416 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10030128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of neurotoxins from Clostridium botulinum is well established and is continuously expanding, including in treatment of pain conditions. Background: The serotype A (BoNT/A) has been widely investigated, and current data demonstrate that it induces analgesia and modulates nociceptive processing initiated by inflammation or nerve injury. Given that data concerning the serotype B (BoNT/B) are limited, the aim of the present study was to verify if also BoNT/B is able not only to counteract neuropathic pain, but also to interfere with inflammatory and regenerative processes associated with the nerve injury. Methods: As model of neuropathic pain, chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve was performed in CD1 male mice. Mice were intraplantarly injected with saline (control) or BoNT/B (5 or 7.5 pg/mouse) into the injured hindpaw. For comparison, another mouse group was injected with BoNT/A (15 pg/mouse). Mechanical allodynia and functional recovery of the injured paw was followed for 101 days. Spinal cords and sciatic nerves were collected at day 7 for immunohistochemistry. Results and Conclusions: The results of this study show that BoNT/B is a powerful biological molecule that, similarly to BoNT/A, can reduce neuropathic pain over a long period of time. However, the analgesic effects are not associated with an improvement in functional recovery, clearly highlighting an important difference between the two serotypes for the treatment of this chronic pain state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Finocchiaro
- National Research Council of Italy-CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology-IBCN, 00143 Roma, Italy.
- Department of Psycology, PhD School of Behavioural Neuroscience, Sapienza University, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Sara Marinelli
- National Research Council of Italy-CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology-IBCN, 00143 Roma, Italy.
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143-Roma, Italy.
| | | | - Valentina Vacca
- National Research Council of Italy-CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology-IBCN, 00143 Roma, Italy.
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143-Roma, Italy.
| | - Siro Luvisetto
- National Research Council of Italy-CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology-IBCN, 00143 Roma, Italy.
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143-Roma, Italy.
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- National Research Council of Italy-CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology-IBCN, 00143 Roma, Italy.
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143-Roma, Italy.
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13
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Sousa-Valente J, Calvo L, Vacca V, Simeoli R, Arévalo JC, Malcangio M. Role of TrkA signalling and mast cells in the initiation of osteoarthritis pain in the monoiodoacetate model. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:84-94. [PMID: 28844566 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aiming to delineate novel neuro-immune mechanisms for NGF/TrkA signalling in osteoarthritis (OA) pain, we evaluated inflammatory changes in the knee joints following injection of monoiodoacetate (MIA) in mice carrying a TrkA receptor mutation (P782S; TrkA KI mice). METHOD In behavioural studies we monitored mechanical hypersensitivity following intra-articular MIA and oral prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) synthase inhibitor treatments. In immunohistochemical studies we quantified joint mast cell numbers, calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in synovia and dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord neuron activation and microgliosis. We quantified joint leukocyte infiltration by flow cytometry analysis, and PGD2 generation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in mast cell lines by ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS In TrkA KI mice we observed rapid development of mechanical hypersensitivity and amplification of dorsal horn neurons and microglia activation 7 days after MIA. In TrkA KI knee joints we detected significant leukocyte infiltration and mast cells located in the vicinity of synovial nociceptive fibres. We demonstrated that mast cells exposure to NGF results in up-regulation of COX-2 and increase of PGD2 production. Finally, we observed that a PGD2 synthase inhibitor prevented MIA-mechanical hypersensitivity in TrkA KI, at doses which were ineffective in wild type (WT) mice. CONCLUSION Using the TrkA KI mouse model, we delineated a novel neuro-immune pathway and suggest that NGF-induced production of PGD2 in joint mast cells is critical for referred mechanical hypersensitivity in OA, probably through the activation of PGD2 receptor 1 in nociceptors: TrkA blockade in mast cells constitutes a potential target for OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Calvo
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Institute of Neurosciences Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
| | - V Vacca
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK; Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, 00143, Italy.
| | - R Simeoli
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - J C Arévalo
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Institute of Neurosciences Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
| | - M Malcangio
- Wolfson CARD, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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14
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Simeoli R, Montague K, Jones HR, Castaldi L, Chambers D, Kelleher JH, Vacca V, Pitcher T, Grist J, Al-Ahdal H, Wong LF, Perretti M, Lai J, Mouritzen P, Heppenstall P, Malcangio M. Exosomal cargo including microRNA regulates sensory neuron to macrophage communication after nerve trauma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1778. [PMID: 29176651 PMCID: PMC5701122 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Following peripheral axon injury, dysregulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRs) occurs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Here we show that DRG neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes containing miRs, upon activity. We demonstrate that miR-21-5p is released in the exosomal fraction of cultured DRG following capsaicin activation of TRPV1 receptors. Pure sensory neuron-derived exosomes released by capsaicin are readily phagocytosed by macrophages in which an increase in miR-21-5p expression promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype. After nerve injury in mice, miR-21-5p is upregulated in DRG neurons and both intrathecal delivery of a miR-21-5p antagomir and conditional deletion of miR-21 in sensory neurons reduce neuropathic hypersensitivity as well as the extent of inflammatory macrophage recruitment in the DRG. We suggest that upregulation and release of miR-21 contribute to sensory neuron–macrophage communication after damage to the peripheral nerve. Exosomes are known to contain microRNAs (miRs). Here the authors show that dorsal root ganglion neurons release exosomes containing miR-21-5p, which contributes to inflammatory cell recruitment following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Simeoli
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Karli Montague
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Hefin R Jones
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Laura Castaldi
- EMBL Monterotondo, Via Ramarini 32, 00016, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jayne H Kelleher
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Valentina Vacca
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Pitcher
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - John Grist
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Hadil Al-Ahdal
- School of Clinical Sciences, Medical Science Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Liang-Fong Wong
- School of Clinical Sciences, Medical Science Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Mauro Perretti
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | | | | | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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15
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Vacca V, Del Caro A. Preliminary Characterisation of Sardinian Red Grape Cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) According to Their Phenolic Potential. S AFR J ENOL VITIC 2016. [DOI: 10.21548/30-2-1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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16
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Vacca V, Marinelli S, Pieroni L, Urbani A, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. 17beta-estradiol counteracts neuropathic pain: a behavioural, immunohistochemical, and proteomic investigation on sex-related differences in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18980. [PMID: 26742647 PMCID: PMC4705539 DOI: 10.1038/srep18980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences play a role in pain sensitivity, efficacy of analgesic drugs and prevalence of neuropathic pain, even if the underlying mechanisms are far from being understood. We demonstrate that male and female mice react differently to structural and functional changes induced by sciatic nerve ligature, used as model of neuropathic pain. Male mice show a gradual decrease of allodynia and a complete recovery while, in females, allodynia and gliosis are still present four months after neuropathy induction. Administration of 17β-estradiol is able to significantly attenuate this difference, reducing allodynia and inducing a complete recovery also in female mice. Parallel to pain attenuation, 17β-estradiol treated-mice show a functional improvement of the injured limb, a faster regenerative process of the peripheral nerve and a decreased neuropathy-induced gliosis. These results indicate beneficial effects of 17β-estradiol on neuropathic pain and neuronal regeneration and focuses on the importance of considering gonadal hormones also in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00143 Roma, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00143 Roma, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Pieroni
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Division of Biochemistry, University of "Tor Vergata", 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Division of Biochemistry, University of "Tor Vergata", 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Siro Luvisetto
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00143 Roma, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, 00143 Roma, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Roma, Italy
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17
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Luvisetto S, Vacca V, Cianchetti C. Analgesic effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A in a model of allyl isothiocyanate- and capsaicin-induced pain in mice. Toxicon 2014; 94:23-8. [PMID: 25529549 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate analgesic effects of BoNT/A in relation to the two main transient receptor potentials (TRP), the vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and the ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), having a role in migraine pain. BoNT/A (15 pg/mouse) was injected in the inner side of the medial part of hindlimb thigh of mice, where the superficial branch of femoral artery is located. We chosen this vascular structure because it is similar to other vascular structures, such as the temporal superficial artery, whose perivascular nociceptive fibres probably contributes to migraine pain. After an interval, ranging from 7 to 30 days, capsaicin (agonist of TRPV1) or allyl isothiocyanate (AITC; agonist of TRPA1) were injected in the same region previously treated with BoNT/A and nocifensive response to chemicals-induced pain was recorded. In absence of BoNT/A, capsaicin and AITC induced extensive nocifensive response, with a markedly different temporal profile: capsaicin induced maximal pain during the first 5 min, while AITC induced maximal pain at 15-30 min after injection. Pretreatment with BoNT/A markedly reduced both the capsaicin- and AITC-induced pain for at least 21 days. These data suggest a long lasting analgesic effect of BoNT/A exerted via prevention of responsiveness of TRPV1 and TRPA1 toward their respective agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siro Luvisetto
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Roma, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Roma, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Cianchetti
- Child Neuropsychiatry Clinic, AOU, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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18
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Marinelli S, Eleuteri C, Vacca V, Strimpakos G, Mattei E, Severini C, Pavone F, Luvisetto S. Effects of age-related loss of P/Q-type calcium channels in a mice model of peripheral nerve injury. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 36:352-64. [PMID: 25150573 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the role of P/Q-type calcium channels in sciatic nerve regeneration after lesion induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) in heterozygous null mutant mice lacking the CaV2.1α1 subunit of these channels (Cacna1a+/-). Compared with wild type, Cacna1a+/- mice showed an initial reduction of the CCI-induced allodynia, indicating a reduced pain perception, but they also evidenced a lack of recovery over time, with atrophy of the injured hindpaw still present 3 months after CCI when wild-type mice fully recovered. In parallel, Cacna1a+/- mice exhibited an early onset of age-dependent loss of P/Q-type channels, which can be responsible for the lack of functional recovery. Moreover, Cacna1a+/- mice showed an early age-dependent reduction of muscular strength, as well as of Schwann cells proliferation and sciatic nerve remyelination. This study demonstrates the important role played by P/Q-type channels in recovery from nerve injury and has important implications for the knowledge of age-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marinelli
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Eleuteri
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Severini
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Siro Luvisetto
- CNR National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Marinelli S, Nazio F, Tinari A, Ciarlo L, D'Amelio M, Pieroni L, Vacca V, Urbani A, Cecconi F, Malorni W, Pavone F. Schwann cell autophagy counteracts the onset and chronification of neuropathic pain. Pain 2014; 155:93-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Vacca V, Marinelli S, Pieroni L, Urbani A, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. Higher pain perception and lack of recovery from neuropathic pain in females: a behavioural, immunohistochemical, and proteomic investigation on sex-related differences in mice. Pain 2013; 155:388-402. [PMID: 24231652 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In experimental and clinical pain studies, the sex of subjects was rarely taken into account, even if nociceptive inputs appear to be processed and modulated by partially distinct neural mechanisms in each sex. In this study we analysed, in male and female mice, behavioural and neuronal responses in developing, maintaining, and recovering from neuropathic pain. Experiments were carried out in adult CD1 mice by using Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) as neuropathic pain model. We investigated the temporal trend of mechanical nociceptive threshold together with functional recovery of the injured paw, and the immunofluorescence staining of proteins associated with nerve injury and repair and with spinal gliosis, 7 and 121days after CCI. A proteomic analysis on proteins extracted from sciatic nerves was also performed. Male mice showed a gradual decrease of CCI-induced allodynia, the complete recovery occurring 81days after the sciatic nerve ligation. On the contrary, in female mice, allodynia was still present 121days after CCI. Sex-dependent differences also resulted from immunofluorescence experiments: in sciatic nerve, the expression of P0 and Neu200 is greater in neuropathic males than in neuropathic females, suggesting faster nerve regeneration. Proteomic analysis confirmed sex-related differences of proteins associated with nerve regenerative processes. In addition, the reactive gliosis induced by CCI at day 7, as revealed by colocalization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytes) and CD11b (microglia) with phosphorylated p38, disappeared 121 days after CCI in male but not in female mice. These results may have important therapeutic implications for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR - National Research Council, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, Roma, Italy IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Division of Biochemistry, University of "Tor Vergata", Roma, Italy
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21
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Vacca V, Marinelli S, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. Botulinum toxin A increases analgesic effects of morphine, counters development of morphine tolerance and modulates glia activation and μ opioid receptor expression in neuropathic mice. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 32:40-50. [PMID: 23402794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) against pain, with emphasis for its possible use in alleviating chronic pain, still represents an outstanding challenge for experimental research. In this study, we examined the effects of BoNT/A on morphine-induced tolerance during chronic morphine treatment in neuropathic CD1 mice subjected to sciatic nerve lesion according to the Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain. We measured the effects of BoNT/A on CCI-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia and on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, marker of astrocytes), complement receptor 3/cluster of differentiation 11b (CD11b, marker of microglia), and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) at the spinal cord level. We also analyzed the colocalized expression of GFAP, CD11b and NeuN with phosphorylated p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and with μ-opioid receptor (MOR). A single intraplantar injection of BoNT/A (15 pg/paw) into the injured hindpaw, the day before the beginning of chronic morphine treatment (9 days of twice daily injections of 40 mg/kg morphine), was able to counteract allodynia and enhancement of astrocytes expression/activation induced by CCI. In addition, BoNT/A increased the analgesic effect of morphine and countered morphine-induced tolerance during chronic morphine treatment. These effects were accompanied, in neurons, by re-expression of MORs that had been reduced by repeated morphine administration. The combinatory effects of BoNT/A and morphine could have relevant therapeutic implications for sufferers of chronic pain who could benefit of pain relief reducing tolerance due to repeated treatment with opiates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute/IRCCS - Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Marinelli S, Vacca V, Ricordy R, Uggenti C, Tata AM, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. The analgesic effect on neuropathic pain of retrogradely transported botulinum neurotoxin A involves Schwann cells and astrocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47977. [PMID: 23110146 PMCID: PMC3480491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years a growing debate is about whether botulinum neurotoxins are retrogradely transported from the site of injection. Immunodetection of cleaved SNAP-25 (cl-SNAP-25), the protein of the SNARE complex targeted by botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A), could represent an excellent approach to investigate the mechanism of action on the nociceptive pathways at peripheral and/or central level. After peripheral administration of BoNT/A, we analyzed the expression of cl-SNAP-25, from the hindpaw's nerve endings to the spinal cord, together with the behavioral effects on neuropathic pain. We used the chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in CD1 mice as animal model of neuropathic pain. We evaluated immunostaining of cl-SNAP-25 in the peripheral nerve endings, along the sciatic nerve, in dorsal root ganglia and in spinal dorsal horns after intraplantar injection of saline or BoNT/A, alone or colocalized with either glial fibrillar acidic protein, GFAP, or complement receptor 3/cluster of differentiation 11b, CD11b, or neuronal nuclei, NeuN, depending on the area investigated. Immunofluorescence analysis shows the presence of the cl-SNAP-25 in all tissues examined, from the peripheral endings to the spinal cord, suggesting a retrograde transport of BoNT/A. Moreover, we performed in vitro experiments to ascertain if BoNT/A was able to interact with the proliferative state of Schwann cells (SC). We found that BoNT/A modulates the proliferation of SC and inhibits the acetylcholine release from SC, evidencing a new biological effect of the toxin and further supporting the retrograde transport of the toxin along the nerve and its ability to influence regenerative processes. The present results strongly sustain a combinatorial action at peripheral and central neural levels and encourage the use of BoNT/A for the pathological pain conditions difficult to treat in clinical practice and dramatically impairing patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marinelli
- National Research Council of Italy (Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute)/Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- National Research Council of Italy (Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute)/Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero Ricordy
- National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Uggenti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, Center of Neurobiology Research Daniel Bovet, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Maria Tata
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, Center of Neurobiology Research Daniel Bovet, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Siro Luvisetto
- National Research Council of Italy (Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute)/Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- National Research Council of Italy (Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute)/Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Fadda C, Del Caro A, Sanguinetti A, Urgeghe P, Vacca V, Arca P, Piga A. Changes during storage of quality parameters and in vitro antioxidant activity of extra virgin monovarietal oils obtained with two extraction technologies. Food Chem 2012; 134:1542-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Caprioli A, Coccurello R, Rapino C, Di Serio S, Di Tommaso M, Vertechy M, Vacca V, Battista N, Pavone F, Maccarrone M, Borsini F. The novel reversible fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor ST4070 increases endocannabinoid brain levels and counteracts neuropathic pain in different animal models. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 342:188-95. [PMID: 22514334 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.191403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the enol carbamate 1-biphenyl-4-ylethenyl piperidine-1-carboxylate (ST4070), a novel reversible inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), was investigated for acute pain sensitivity and neuropathic pain in rats and mice. Brain enzymatic activity of FAAH and the endogenous levels of its substrates, anandamide (AEA; N-arachidonoylethanolamine), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), and N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), were measured in control and ST4070-treated mice. ST4070 (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) was orally administered to assess mechanical nociceptive thresholds and allodynia by using the Randall-Selitto and von Frey tests, respectively. Neuropathy was induced in rats by either the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine or streptozotocin-induced diabetes, whereas the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was chosen to evaluate neuropathy in mice. ST4070 produced a significant increase of nociceptive threshold in rats and counteracted the decrease of nociceptive threshold in the three distinct models of neuropathic pain. In diabetic mice, ST4070 inhibited FAAH activity and increased the brain levels of AEA and PEA, without affecting that of 2-AG. The administration of ST4070 generated long-lasting pain relief compared with pregabalin and the FAAH inhibitors 1-oxo-1[5-(2-pyridyl)-2-yl]-7-phenylheptane (OL135) and cyclohexylcarbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-ylester (URB597) in CCI neuropathic mice. The antiallodynic effects of ST4070 were prevented by pretreatment with cannabinoid type 1 and cannabinoid type 2 receptor antagonists and by the selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α antagonist [(2S)-2-[[(1Z)-1-methyl-3-oxo-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-propenyl]amino]-3-[4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-oxazolyl)ethoxy]phenyl]propyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester (GW6471). The administration of ST4070 generated long-lasting neuropathic pain relief compared with pregabalin and the FAAH inhibitors OL135 and URB597. Taken together, the reversible FAAH inhibitor ST4070 seems to be a promising novel therapeutic agent for the management of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Caprioli
- Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., Via Pontina km. 30,400, 00040 Pomezia, Italy.
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Vacca V, Marinelli S, Eleuteri C, Luvisetto S, Pavone F. Botulinum neurotoxin A enhances the analgesic effects on inflammatory pain and antagonizes tolerance induced by morphine in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:489-99. [PMID: 22281280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the recent years compelling evidence has accumulated indicating that botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) results in analgesic effects on neuropathic as well as inflammatory pain, both in humans and in animal models. In the present study, the pharmacological interaction of BoNT/A with morphine in fighting inflammatory pain was investigated in mice using the formalin test. Moreover, the effects of BoNT/A on the tolerance-induced by chronic administration of morphine were tested and the behavioral effects were correlated with immunofluorescence staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein, the specific marker of astrocytes, at the spinal cord level. An ineffective dose of BoNT/A (2 pg/paw) combined with an ineffective dose of morphine (1 mg/kg) exerted a significant analgesic action both during the early and the late phases of formalin test. A single intraplantar injection of BoNT/A (15 pg/paw; i.pl.), administered the day before the beginning of chronic morphine treatment (7 days of s.c. injections of 20 mg/kg), was able to counteract the occurrence of tolerance to morphine. Moreover, BoNT/A reduces the enhancement of the expression of astrocytes induced by inflammatory formalin pain. Side effects of opiates, including the development of tolerance during repeated use, may limit their therapeutic use, the possibility of using BoNT/A for lowering the effective dose of morphine and preventing the development of opioid tolerance would have relevant implications in terms of potential therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- CNR-National Research Council of Italy (Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute IBCN)/IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy
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Vacca V, Luvisetto S, Marinelli S, Pavone F. Morphine and Botulinum neurotoxin A: a successful pharmacological combination against pain? Pharmacol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vacca V, Luvisetto S, Marinelli S, Eleuteri C, Cobianchi S, Florenzano F, Pavone F. 712 BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN SEROTYPE A AND MORPHINE: A SUCCESSFUL PHARMACOLOGICAL COMBINATION FOR TREATING INFLAMMATORY PAIN. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)60715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Vacca
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - S. Luvisetto
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - S. Marinelli
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - C. Eleuteri
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - S. Cobianchi
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - F. Florenzano
- CNR‐EBRI‐S. Lucia Foundation, Confocal Microscopy Unit, Roma, Italy
| | - F. Pavone
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience Section of Roma, Roma, Italy
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Piga A, Gambella F, Agabbio M, Vacca V, D’hallewin G. Effect of different pre-treatments on drying of green table olives ( Ascolana tenera var.). Grasas y Aceites 2007. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.2000.v51.i3.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Del Caro A, Vacca V, Poiana M, Fenu P, Piga A. Influence of technology, storage and exposure on components of extra virgin olive oil (Bosana cv) from whole and de-stoned fruits. Food Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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