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Baklouti L, Mellah B, Koko WS. Complexing Properties of Synthesized 1,3,5-Triaza-7-Phosphaadamantane Derivatives Towards Some Lanthanides and Transition Metal Cations With Significant Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258231216274. [PMID: 38022901 PMCID: PMC10655660 DOI: 10.1177/15593258231216274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of new water-soluble N-alkylated derivatives of 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane is presented. Ru(PPh3)2Cl2 has been used to react with 1-(4-nitrobenzyl)-3,5-triaza-1-azonia-7-phosphaadamantane bromide (PTAR). By using elemental analysis, NMR, and IR spectroscopy, the obtained compounds were identified. The UV-visible absorption spectroscopy has been used to monitor the complexation of various transition metal cations. Studies on conductivity have been utilized to validate the complexes' stoichiometries. Using the disc diffusion method, five bacteria strains were used for the study of the antimicrobial activity of compounds 1-3. All tested pathogens, including M luteus LB 141107, were found to have strong biologic activity against the compounds tested in this study. Additionally, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) has been tested for its ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and free radicals. According to our results, these compounds exhibit excellent radical scavenging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lassaad Baklouti
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Natural Substances Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Bizerta, 7021, Tunisia
| | - Besma Mellah
- National Center of Researches in Material Sciences (CNRSM), Soliman, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia, 51921
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Jellali H, Amri N, Mukhrish YE, Al Nasr IS, Koko WS, Khan TA, Deniau E, Sauthier M, Ghalla H, Hamdi N. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroboration Reaction of Novel Methylene Isoindolinone Compounds through Microwave Irradiation and Their Antileishmanial and Antitoxoplasma Activities. ACS Omega 2023; 8:23067-23077. [PMID: 37396287 PMCID: PMC10308578 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was devoted into molecular docking calculations to discover the potential antileishmania and antitoxoplasma activities of newly synthesized compounds obtained by applying a practical and simple method under microwave irradiation. All these compounds were tested in vitro for their biological activity against Leishmania major promastigotes, amastigotes, and Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Compounds 2a, 5a, and 5e were the most active against both L. major promastigotes and amastigotes, with IC50 values of less than 0.4 μM mL-1. Compounds 2c, 2e, 2h, and 5d had a strong antitoxoplasma activity of less than 2.1 μM mL-1 against T. gondii. We can conclude that aromatic methyleneisoindolinones are potently active against both L. major and T. gondii. Further studies for mode of action evaluation are recommended. Compounds 5c and 5b are the best drug candidates for antileishmania and antitoxoplasma due to their SI values being over 13. The docking studies of compounds 2a-h and 5a-e against pteridine reductase 1 and T. gondii enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase reveal that compound 5e may be an effective antileishmanial and antitoxoplasma drug discovery initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamida Jellali
- Research
Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09),
Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Hammam-Lif, Tunis 2078, Tunisia
| | - Nasser Amri
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan
University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef E. Mukhrish
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan
University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department
of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department
of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department
of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eric Deniau
- University
of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Université Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité
de Catalyze et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France
| | - Mathieu Sauthier
- University
of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Université Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité
de Catalyze et Chimie du Solide, Lille 59000, France
| | - Houcine Ghalla
- Quantum
and Statistical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Naceur Hamdi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
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Al Nasr IS, Corona A, Koko WS, Khan TA, Ben Said R, Daoud I, Rahali S, Tramontano E, Schobert R, Amdouni N, Biersack B. Versatile anti-infective properties of pyrido- and dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 90:117376. [PMID: 37336083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of 1H-indeno[2',1':5,6]dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 1H-indeno[2',1':5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives was prepared and screened for antiparasitic and viral RNase H inhibitory activity. Several compounds showed considerable activity against Toxoplasma gondii parasites and Leishmania major amastigotes, which warrants further investigation. Based on the structural similarities of certain derivatives with common viral RNase H inhibitors, a HIV-1 RNase H assay was used to study the RNase H inhibition by selected test compounds. Docking of active derivatives into the active site of the HIV-1 RNase H enzyme was carried out. The new compound 2a, inactive in the antiparasitic tests, showed distinct HIV-1 RNase H inhibition. Thus, ring substitution determines antiparasitic or HIV-1 RNase H inhibitory activity of this promising compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia; Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Corona
- Laboratorio di Virologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ridha Ben Said
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Daoud
- University Mohamed Khider, Department of Matter Sciences, BP 145 RP, Biskra, Algeria; Laboratory of Natural and Bio-active Substances, Faculty of Science, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Laboratorio di Virologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Noureddine Amdouni
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organische Chemie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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Khan TA, Al Nasr IS, Koko WS, Ma J, Eckert S, Brehm L, Ben Said R, Daoud I, Hanachi R, Rahali S, van de Sande WWJ, Ersfeld K, Schobert R, Biersack B. Evaluation of the Antiparasitic and Antifungal Activities of Synthetic Piperlongumine-Type Cinnamide Derivatives: Booster Effect by Halogen Substituents. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300132. [PMID: 37021847 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of synthetic N-acylpyrrolidone and -piperidone derivatives of the natural alkaloid piperlongumine were prepared and tested for their activities against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. Replacement of one of the aryl meta-methoxy groups by halogens such as chlorine, bromine and iodine led to distinctly increased antiparasitic activities. For instance, the new bromo- and iodo-substituted compounds 3 b/c and 4 b/c showed strong activity against L. major promastigotes (IC50 =4.5-5.8 μM). Their activities against L. major amastigotes were moderate. In addition, the new compounds 3 b, 3 c, and 4 a-c exhibited high activity against T. gondii parasites (IC50 =2.0-3.5 μM) with considerable selectivities when taking their effects on non-malignant Vero cells into account. Notable antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei was also found for 4 b. Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis was observed for compound 4 c at higher doses. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out, and docking calculations of test compounds bound to tubulin revealed binding differences between the 2-pyrrolidone and 2-piperidone derivatives. Microtubules-destabilizing effects were observed for 4 b in T. b. brucei cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jingyi Ma
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Simon Eckert
- Department of Genetics, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lucas Brehm
- Department of Genetics, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ridha Ben Said
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, P.O. Box 53, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Daoud
- University Mohamed Khider, Department of Matter Sciences, BP 145 RP, Biskra, 07000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Natural and Bio-active Substances, Faculty of Science, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
| | - Riadh Hanachi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, P.O. Box 53, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, P.O. Box 53, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wendy W J van de Sande
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Department of Genetics, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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Abouelhaoul EA, El Kihel A, Ahbala M, Sdassi H, Köhler LHF, Bauchat P, Roisnel T, Khan TA, Al Nasr IS, Koko WS, Schobert R, Biersack B. Regiospecific Reduction of 4,6-Dinitrobenzimidazoles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2023:e202300191. [PMID: 37294393 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The regiospecific reduction of 4,6-dinitrobenzimidazole derivatives leading to the corresponding 4-amino-6-nitrobenzimidazoles was studied. The identification of the formed product structures was accomplished by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data. The anticancer and antiparasitic activities of the synthesized compounds were examined, and promising activities against Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania major parasites were discovered for certain 4,6-dinitrobenzimidazoles in addition to moderate anticancer activities of the 4-amino-6-nitrobenzimidazole derivatives against T. gondii cells. However, the tumor cell experiments revealed a promising sensitivity of p53-negative colon cancer cells to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Alami Abouelhaoul
- Chouaib Doukkali University: Universite Chouaib Doukkali, Chemistry, n.a., El Jadida, MOROCCO
| | - Abdellatif El Kihel
- Chouaib Doukkali University: Universite Chouaib Doukkali, Chemistry, n.a., El Jadida, MOROCCO
| | - Mustapha Ahbala
- Chouaib Doukkali University: Universite Chouaib Doukkali, Chemistry, n.a., El Jadida, MOROCCO
| | - Hamid Sdassi
- Chouaib Doukkali University: Universite Chouaib Doukkali, Chemistry, n.a., El Jadida, MOROCCO
| | - Leonhard H F Köhler
- Universität Bayreuth: Universitat Bayreuth, Organische Chemie 1, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth, GERMANY
| | - Patrick Bauchat
- Rennes 1 University: Universite de Rennes 1, Chemistry, Général Leclerc Avenue, Rennes, FRANCE
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Universite de Rennes 1, Chemistry, Général Leclerc Avenue, Rennes, FRANCE
| | - Tariq A Khan
- Qassim University College of Science, College of Applied Sciences, King Abdelaziz Road, Ar Rass, SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Qassim University College of Science, Biology, King Abdelaziz Road, Unaizah, SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Qassim University College of Science, Science Laboratories, King Abdelaziz Road, Ar Rass, SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Universität Bayreuth: Universitat Bayreuth, Organische Chemie 1, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth, GERMANY
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Universität Bayreuth Fakultät für Biologie Chemie Geowissenschaften: Universitat Bayreuth Fakultat fur Biologie Chemie Geowissenschaften, Organische Chemie 1, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, GERMANY
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Al Nasr IS, Koko WS, Khan TA, Gürbüz N, Özdemir I, Hamdi N. Evaluation of Ruthenium(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes as Enzymatic Inhibitory Agents with Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antiparasitical and Antiproliferative Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031359. [PMID: 36771026 PMCID: PMC9921063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)] complexes were obtained by reacting [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 with in situ generated Ag-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. The structure of the obtained complexes was determined by the appropriate spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition, we evaluated the biological activities of these compounds as antienzymatic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiparasitic agents. The results revealed that complexes 3b and 3d were the most potent inhibitors against AchE with IC50 values of 2.52 and 5.06 μM mL-1. Additionally, 3d proved very good antimicrobial activity against all examined microorganisms with IZ (inhibition zone) over 25 mm and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) < 4 µM. Additionally, the ligand 2a and its corresponding ruthenium (II) complex 3a had good cytotoxic activity against both cancer cells HCT-116 and HepG-2, with IC50 values of (7.76 and 11.76) and (4.12 and 9.21) μM mL-1, respectively. Evaluation of the antiparasitic activity of these complexes against Leishmania major promastigotes and Toxoplasma gondii showed that ruthenium complexes were more potent than the free ligand, with an IC50 values less than 1.5 μM mL-1. However, 3d was found the best one with SI (selectivity index) values greater than 5 so it seems to be the best candidate for antileishmanial drug discovery program, and much future research are recommended for mode of action and in vivo evaluation. In general, Ru-NHC complexes are the most effective against L. major promastigotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya 44280, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya 44280, Turkey
| | - Ismail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya 44280, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya 44280, Turkey
| | - Naceur Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at ArRass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-556394839
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Nasr ISA, Koko WS, Khan TA, Schobert R, Biersack B. Antiparasitic Activity of Fluorophenyl-Substituted Pyrimido[1,2- a]benzimidazoles. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010219. [PMID: 36672727 PMCID: PMC9855371 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of fourteen pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole compounds was prepared by straightforward heterocyclic chemistry and oxidation methods. The new pyrimidobenzimidazole derivative 2a with a 3-fluorophenyl substituent was identified as a new antiparasitic compound showing excellent activities against Leishmania major parasites. 2a was highly active against L. major promastigotes and amastigotes with EC50 values in the nanomolar concentration range. Compound 3b was less active than 2a against L. major, but more active against Toxoplasma gondii with considerable selectivity. Hence, two promising and selective antiparasitic drug candidates 2a and 3b for the treatment of two parasitic diseases were identified, which can be prepared by green chemistry methods using simple one-pot reactions and oxidation procedures, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +49-921-552673
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Al Nasr IS, Weise M, Koko WS, Khan TA, Schobert R, Biersack B. Antiparasitic activities of bimetallic N‐heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes with ferrocene ligands: relevance of chlorido and phosphino ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Science Laboratories College of Science and Arts, Qassim University Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology College of Science and Arts, Qassim University Unaizah 51911 Saudi Arabia
| | - Markus Weise
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories College of Science and Arts, Qassim University Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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Qureshi KA, Imtiaz M, Al Nasr I, Koko WS, Khan TA, Jaremko M, Mahmood S, Fatmi MQ. Antiprotozoal Activity of Thymoquinone (2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone) for the Treatment of Leishmania major-Induced Leishmaniasis: In Silico and In Vitro Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091206. [PMID: 36139985 PMCID: PMC9495120 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical parasitic disease (NTPD), is caused by various Leishmania species. It transmits through the bites of the sandfly. The parasite is evolving resistance to commonly prescribed antileishmanial drugs; thus, there is an urgent need to discover novel antileishmanial drugs to combat drug-resistant leishmaniasis. Thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone; TQ), a primary pharmacologically active ingredient of Nigella sativa (black seed) essential oil, has been reported to possess significant antiparasitic activity. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the in vitro and in silico antileishmanial activity of TQ against various infectious stages of Leishmania major (L. major), i.e., promastigotes and amastigotes, and its cytotoxicity against mice macrophages. In silico molecular dockings of TQ were also performed with multiple selected target proteins of L. major, and the most preferred antileishmanial drug target protein was subjected to in silico molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The in vitro antileishmanial activity of TQ revealed that the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50), half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50), and selectivity index (SI) values for promastigotes are 2.62 ± 0.12 μM, 29.54 ± 0.07 μM, and 11.27, while for the amastigotes, they are 17.52 ± 0.15 μM, 29.54 ± 0.07 μM, and 1.69, respectively. The molecular docking studies revealed that squalene monooxygenase is the most preferred antileishmanial drug target protein for TQ, whereas triosephosphate isomerase is the least preferred. The MD simulation revealed that TQ remained stable in the binding pocket throughout the simulation. Additionally, the binding energy calculations using Molecular Mechanics Generalized-Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) indicated that TQ is a moderate binder. Thus, the current study shows that TQ is a promising antileishmanial drug candidate that could be used to treat existing drug-resistant leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (K.A.Q.); (M.Q.F.)
| | - Mahrukh Imtiaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Al Nasr
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - M. Qaiser Fatmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.A.Q.); (M.Q.F.)
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Hamdi N, Mnasri A, S. Al Nasr I, S. Koko W, Khan TA, Özdemir I, Gürbüz N. Highly Efficient Single A3-Coupling (Aldehyde-Amine-Alkyne) Reaction Catalyzed by Air Stable Silver-(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2019064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naceur Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Aziza Mnasri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Biomedical Instrumentation, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Özdemir
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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11
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Jelali H, Al Nasr IS, Koko WS, Khan TA, Deniau E, Sauthier M, Alresheedi F, Hamdi N. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro bioactivity studies of isoindolin‐1‐3‐phosophonate compounds. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamida Jelali
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology University of Carthage Hammam‐Lif Tunisia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts Qassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Biomedical Instrumentation, College of Applied Health Sciences Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Eric Deniau
- Université de Lille, UMR CNRS 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, USTL–ENSCL Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - Mathieu Sauthier
- Université de Lille, UMR CNRS 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, USTL–ENSCL Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - Faisal Alresheedi
- Department of Physics, College of Science Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia
| | - Naceur Hamdi
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology University of Carthage Hammam‐Lif Tunisia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
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12
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Koko WS, Al Nasr IS, Khan TA, Schobert R, Biersack B. An Update on Natural Antileishmanial Treatment Options from Plants, Fungi and Algae. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100542. [PMID: 34822224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Efficient drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis, which is classified as a neglected tropical disease, are sought for. This review covers potential drug candidates from natural plant, fungus and algae sources, which were described over the last six years. The identification of these natural antileishmanials often based on the knowledge of traditional medicines. Crucial insights into the activities of these natural remedies against Leishmania parasites and against infections caused by these parasites in laboratory animals or patients are provided and compared with selected former active examples published more than six years ago. In addition, immuno-modulatory natural antileishmanials and recent developments on combination therapies including natural products and approved antileishmanials are discussed. The described natural products revealed promising data warranting further efforts on the discovery and development of new antileishmanials based on patterns from nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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13
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Khan TA, Koko WS, Al Nasr IS, Schobert R, Biersack B. Front Cover: Activity of Fluorinated Curcuminoids against
Leishmania major
and
Toxoplasma gondii
Parasites (Chem. Biodiversity 9/2021). Chem Biodivers 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition College of Applied Health Sciences Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories College of Science and Arts Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Science Laboratories College of Science and Arts Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology College of Science and Arts Qassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry I University of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry I University of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
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14
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Qureshi KA, Al Nasr I, Koko WS, Khan TA, Fatmi MQ, Imtiaz M, Khan RA, Mohammed HA, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Azam F, Bholay AD, Elhassan GO, Prajapati DK. In Vitro and In Silico Approaches for the Antileishmanial Activity Evaluations of Actinomycins Isolated from Novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus Strain UKAQ_23. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10080887. [PMID: 34438937 PMCID: PMC8388687 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a Neglected Tropical Parasitic Disease (NTPD), is induced by several Leishmania species and is disseminated through sandfly (Lutzomyia longipalpis) bites. The parasite has developed resistance to currently prescribed antileishmanial drugs, and it has become pertinent to the search for new antileishmanial agents. The current study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in silico antileishmanial activity of two newly sourced actinomycins, X2 and D, produced by the novel Streptomyces smyrnaeus strain UKAQ_23. The antileishmanial activity conducted on promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major showed actinomycin X2 having half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50), at 2.10 ± 0.10 μg/mL and 0.10 ± 0.0 μg/mL, and selectivity index (SI) values of 0.048 and 1, respectively, while the actinomycin D exhibited EC50 at 1.90 ± 0.10 μg/mL and 0.10 ± 0.0 μg/mL, and SI values of 0.052 and 1. The molecular docking studies demonstrated squalene synthase as the most favorable antileishmanial target protein for both the actinomycins X2 and D, while the xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase was the least favorable target protein. The molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that both the actinomycins remained stable in the binding pocket during the simulations. Furthermore, the MMPBSA (Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area) binding energy calculations established that the actinomycin X2 is a better binder than the actinomycin D. In conclusion, both actinomycins X2 and D from Streptomyces smyrnaeus strain UKAQ_23 are promising antileishmanial drug candidates and have strong potential to be used for treating the currently drug-resistant leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Faculty of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly 243123, UP, India;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
| | - M. Qaiser Fatmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan; (M.Q.F.); (M.I.)
| | - Mahrukh Imtiaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan; (M.Q.F.); (M.I.)
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (F.A.); (D.K.P.); Tel.: +966-502728652 (F.A.); +91-9454369931 (D.K.P.)
| | - Avinash D. Bholay
- Department of Microbiology, KTHM College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Nashik 422002, MS, India;
| | - Gamal O. Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Qassim, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dinesh K. Prajapati
- Faculty of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly 243123, UP, India;
- Correspondence: or (F.A.); (D.K.P.); Tel.: +966-502728652 (F.A.); +91-9454369931 (D.K.P.)
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15
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Khan TA, Koko WS, Al Nasr IS, Schobert R, Biersack B. Activity of Fluorinated Curcuminoids against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii Parasites. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100381. [PMID: 34197024 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A new 3,4-difluorobenzylidene analog of curcumin, CDF, was recently reported, which demonstrated significantly enhanced bioavailability and in vivo anticancer activity compared with curcumin. For highlighting the antiparasitic behavior of CDF, we tested this compound together with its new O-methylated analog MeCDF against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. Both CDF and MeCDF were tested in vitro against L. major and T. gondii. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity against Vero cells and macrophages was determined and selectivity indices were calculated. The DPPH radical scavenging activity assay was carried out in order to determine the antioxidant activity of the test compounds. Both compounds showed high activities against both parasite forms with EC50 values in the (sub-)micromolar range (0.35 to 0.8 μM for CDF, 0.31 to 1.2 μM for MeCDF). The higher activity of CDF against L. major amastigotes when compared with MeCDF can in parts be attributed to the antioxidant activity of CDF while MeCDF lacking any antioxidant activity was more active than CDF against T. gondii parasites. In conclusion, CDF and MeCDF are promising antiparasitic drug candidates due to their high activities against L. major and T. gondii parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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Al Nasr IS, Hanachi R, Said RB, Rahali S, Tangour B, Abdelwahab SI, Farasani A, M E Taha M, Bidwai A, Koko WS, Khan TA, Schobert R, Biersack B. p-Trifluoromethyl- and p-pentafluorothio-substituted curcuminoids of the 2,6-di[(E)-benzylidene)]cycloalkanone type: Syntheses and activities against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105099. [PMID: 34174635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of the title curcuminoids with structural variance in the heteroatom of the cycloalkanone and the p-substituents of the phenyl rings were tested for their activities against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. The majority of them showed high activities against both parasite forms with EC50 values in the sub-micromolar concentration range. Bis(p-pentafluorothio)-substituted 3,5-di[(E)-benzylidene]piperidin-4-one 1b was not just noticeable antiparasitic, but also exhibited a considerable selectivity for L. major promastigotes over normal Vero cells. While derivatives differing only in the p-phenyl substituents being CF3 or SF5 showed similar antiparasitic activities, the cyclic ketone hub was more decisive both for the anti-parasitic activities and the selectivities for the parasites vs. normal cells. QSAR calculations confirmed the observed structure-activity relations and suggested structural variations for a further improvement of the antiparasitic activity. Docking studies based on DFT calculations revealed L. major pteridine reductase 1 as a likely molecular target protein of the title compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia; Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, King Abdelaziz Road, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Hanachi
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Ridha B Said
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia; IPEIEM, Research Unit on Fundamental Sciences and Didactics, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Bahoueddine Tangour
- IPEIEM, Research Unit on Fundamental Sciences and Didactics, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | | | - Abdullah Farasani
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M E Taha
- Substance Abuse Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anil Bidwai
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, King Abdelaziz Road, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
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17
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Khan TA, Al Nasr IS, Mujawah AH, Koko WS. Assessment of Euphorbia retusa and Pulicaria undulata activity against Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii. Trop Biomed 2021; 38:135-141. [PMID: 33797536 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.1.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis are parasitic protozoal diseases that pose serious health concerns, especially for immunocompromised people. Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii are endemic in Saudi Arabia and are particularly common in the Qassim Region. The present work was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antileishmanial and antitoxoplasmal activity of methanolic extracts and phytochemical fractions from two plants, Euphorpia retusa and Pulicaria undulata, which are ethnobotanical agents used to treat parasitic infection. Whole E. retusa and P. undulata plants were extracted with methanol and fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water and then were tested in vitro against L. major promastigote and the amastigote stages of T. gondii; the cytotoxicity of the extracts was tested against Vero cell line. The methanolic extracts of E. retusa and P. undulata exhibited promising antitoxoplasmal activity against T. gondii with EC50 values 5.6 and 12.7 μg mL-1, respectively. The chloroform fraction of P. undulata was the most potent, exhibiting an EC50 of 1.4 μg mL-1 and SI value of 12.1. It was also the most active fraction against both L. major promastigotes and amastigotes, exhibiting an EC50 of 3.9 and 3.8 μg mL-1 and SI values 4.4 and 4.5, respectively. The chloroform fraction from P. undulata is a very good candidate for the isolation of active antitoxoplasmal and antileishmanial ingredients; therefore, further phytochemical analysis for active compound isolation is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Khan
- Department of Biomedical Instrumentation, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - I S Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Mujawah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - W S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Al Nasr IS, Jentzsch J, Shaikh A, Singh Shuveksh P, Koko WS, Khan TA, Ahmed K, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Biersack B. New Pyrano-4H-benzo[g]chromene-5,10-diones with Antiparasitic and Antioxidant Activities. Chem Biodivers 2020; 18:e2000839. [PMID: 33231345 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
New pyranonaphthoquinone derivatives were synthesized and investigated for their activity against Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania major, and Toxoplasma gondii parasites. The pentafluorophenyl derivative was efficacious against T. brucei with single digit micromolar EC50 values and against T. gondii with even sub-micromolar values. The 3-chloro-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl derivative showed an activity against amastigotes of Leishmania major parasites comparable to that of amphotericin B. In addition, antioxidant activities were observed for the bromophenyl derivatives, and their redox behavior was studied by cyclovoltammetry. Anti-parasitic and antioxidative activities of the new naphthoquinone derivatives appear uncorrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar, Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana Jentzsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Amin Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, 2390-B, K.B. Hidayatullah Road, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Priti Singh Shuveksh
- Department of Chemistry, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, 2390-B, K.B. Hidayatullah Road, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar, Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar, Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, 2390-B, K.B. Hidayatullah Road, Pune, 411001, India
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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Touj N, Nasr ISA, Koko WS, Khan TA, Özdemir I, Yasar S, Mansour L, Alresheedi F, Hamdi N. Anticancer, antimicrobial and antiparasitical activities of copper(I) complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands bearing aryl substituents. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1836359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nedra Touj
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Özdemir
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Yasar
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alresheedi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naceur Hamdi
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
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Koko WS, Jentzsch J, Kalie H, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Al Nasr IS, Khan TA, Biersack B. Evaluation of the antiparasitic activities of imidazol‐2‐ylidene–gold(I) complexes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900363. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S. Koko
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana Jentzsch
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Hussein Kalie
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
- College of Science and Arts in UnaizahQassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
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Jentzsch J, Koko WS, Al Nasr IS, Khan TA, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Biersack B. New Antiparasitic Bis‐Naphthoquinone Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900597. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jentzsch
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University King Abdelaziz Road Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University King Abdelaziz Road Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
- College of Science and Arts in UnaizahQassim University Unaizah 51911 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass 51921 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Universitätsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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Al Nasr I, Jentzsch J, Winter I, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Koko WS, Mujawah AAH, Khan TA, Biersack B. Antiparasitic activities of new lawsone Mannich bases. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1900128. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Al Nasr
- College of Science and Arts in Unaizah Qassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia
- College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana Jentzsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Isabel Winter
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil A. H. Mujawah
- College of Science and Arts in Ar Rass Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass Qassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
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Koko WS, Mesaik MA, Ranjitt R, Galal M, Choudhary MI. Immunosuppressive phenolic compounds from Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:400. [PMID: 26553149 PMCID: PMC4638089 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydnora abyssinica (HA) A. Braun is an endemic Sudanese medicinal plant traditionally used as anti-inflammatory and against many infectious diseases. However, it proved to be very rich in phenols and tannins, so the present study was undertaken to investigate the immunomodulatory potential of the whole plant ethanolic extract and its isolated compounds. METHODS Lymphocyte proliferation, chemiluminescence and superoxide reduction assays were used for immunomodulatory evaluation. While, MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazonium bromide) test was performed on 3 T3 cell line clone in order to evaluate the cytoxicity effect of the extracts and isolated compounds of phenolic derivatives which were carried out by chromotographic techniques. RESULTS Catechin, (1), tyrosol (2) and benzoic acid, 3, 4, dihydroxy-, ethyl ester (3) compounds were isolated from HA ethanolic extract which revealed potent immunosuppressive activity against reactive oxygen species from both polymorph nuclear cells (PMNs) (45-90 % inhibition) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) (30 -65 % inhibition), T lymphocyte proliferation assay (70-93 % inhibition) as well as potent inhibitory effect against superoxide production (42-71 % inhibition) at concentrations of 6.25-100 μg/mL. Catechin (1) was found the most potent immunosuppressive agent among all constituents examined. CONCLUSION These results can support the traditional uses of H. abyssinica extracts as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive and further investigations of the mode of action and other pharmacological studies are highly desirable.
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Abstract
Natural honey contains an array of glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycopeptides. Size-exclusion chromatography fractionated Ziziphus honey proteins into five peaks with molecular masses in the range from 10 to >200 kDa. The fractionated proteins exhibited in vitro activities against Giardia lamblia with IC50 values ≤ 25 μg/mL. Results indicated that honey proteins were more active as antiprotozoal agents than metronidazole. This study indicated the potential of honey proteins and peptides as novel antigiardial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seif Eldin A Mohammed
- a Environment and Natural Resources Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 6096, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Ahmed S Kabashi
- b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Waleed S Koko
- b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - M Kamran Azim
- c H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi 75270 , Pakistan
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Abuzeid N, Kalsum S, Koshy RJ, Larsson M, Glader M, Andersson H, Raffetseder J, Pienaar E, Eklund D, Alhassan MS, AlGadir HA, Koko WS, Schön T, Ahmed Mesaik M, Abdalla OM, Khalid A, Lerm M. Antimycobacterial activity of selected medicinal plants traditionally used in Sudan to treat infectious diseases. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 157:134-139. [PMID: 25261689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis underscores the need for continuous development of new and efficient methods to determine the susceptibility of isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the search for novel antimycobacterial agents. Natural products constitute an important source of new drugs, and design and implementation of antimycobacterial susceptibility testing methods are necessary to evaluate the different extracts and compounds. In this study we have explored the antimycobacterial properties of 50 ethanolic extracts from different parts of 46 selected medicinal plants traditionally used in Sudan to treat infectious diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plants were harvested and ethanolic extracts were prepared. For selected extracts, fractionation with hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvents was undertaken. A luminometry-based assay was used for determination of mycobacterial growth in broth cultures and inside primary human macrophages in the presence or absence of plant extracts and fractions of extracts. Cytotoxicity was also assessed for active fractions of plant extracts. RESULTS Of the tested extracts, three exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on an avirulent strain of Mycobacterium tubercluosis (H37Ra) at the initial screening doses (125 and 6.25µg/ml). These were bark and leaf extracts of Khaya senegalensis and the leaf extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Further fractions of these plant extracts were prepared with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and water, and the activity of these extracts was retained in hydrophobic fractions. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that the chloroform fraction of Khaya senegalensis bark was non-toxic to human monocyte-derived macrophages and other cell types at the concentrations used and hence, further analysis, including assessment of IC50 and intracellular activity was done with this fraction. CONCLUSION These results encourage further investigations to identify the active compound(s) within the chloroform fraction of Khaya senegalensis bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadir Abuzeid
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum 11111, Sudan; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, P.O.Box 382, Omdurman,Sudan; Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Sadaf Kalsum
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Richin John Koshy
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Marie Larsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Linköping University Hospital, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Glader
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Johanna Raffetseder
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Elsje Pienaar
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Daniel Eklund
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Muddathir S Alhassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Haidar A AlGadir
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Waleed S Koko
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Thomas Schön
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious diseases, Kalmar County Hospital, SE-391 85 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - M Ahmed Mesaik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Omer M Abdalla
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Maria Lerm
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden.
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Abdelwahab SI, Hassan LEA, Sirat HM, Yagi SMA, Koko WS, Mohan S, Taha MME, Ahmad S, Chuen CS, Narrima P, Rais MM, Hadi AHA. Anti-inflammatory activities of cucurbitacin E isolated from Citrullus lanatus var. citroides: Role of reactive nitrogen species and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:1190-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Koko WS, Mesaik MA, Yousaf S, Galal M, Choudhary MI. In vitro immunomodulating properties of selected Sudanese medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 118:26-34. [PMID: 18440170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2006] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ethanolic extracts of 23 medicinal plants, commonly used in Sudanese folk medicines against infectious diseases, were investigated for their immunomodulating activity using luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. Preliminary screenings on whole blood oxidative burst activity showed inhibitory activities of 14 plant extracts, while only one plant, Balanites aegyptiaca fruits exhibited a proinflammatory activity. Further investigation was conducted by monitoring their effects on oxidative burst of isolated polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) by using two different phagocytosis activators (serum opsonizing zymosan-A and PMA). Results obtained showed that the fruits and barks of Acacia nilotica, and leaves and barks of Khaya senegalensis, possess average inhibitory effects in the range of 70.7, 67.1, 69.5 and 67.4% on both types of phagocytes (PMNs and MNCs), respectively, at a 6.25 microg/mL concentration. Moderate inhibitory activity (52.2%) was exerted by the aerial parts of Xanthium brasilicum, while the rest of the plants showed only a weak inhibitory activity. The inhibition of oxidative burst activity was found to be irreversible in most of the extracts, except for Peganum harmala, Tephrosia apollinea, Tinospora bakis, and Vernonia amygdalina. Interestingly, the fruits of Balanites aegyptiaca exhibited a moderate proinflammatory effect (37-40.4% increases in ROS level compared to the control) at 25-100 microg/mL concentration in the case of whole blood along with PMNs phagocyte activity. The Tinospora bakis extract showed proinflammatory response at a low concentration (6.25 microg/mL) during activation with PMA. None of these extracts affected PMNs viability (90-98%) upon 2 h incubation, except of the ethanolic extracts of Acacia nilotica fruits and Balanites aegyptiaca barks.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Koko
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Koko WS, Abdalla HS, Galal M, Khalid HS. Evaluation of oral therapy on Mansonial Schistosomiasis using single dose of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits and praziquantel. Fitoterapia 2005; 76:30-4. [PMID: 15664459 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2004.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2003] [Revised: 08/06/2004] [Accepted: 08/06/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp was compared with praziquantel in mice infected with Sudanese strain of Schistosoma mansoni. Infected mice were given a single dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of B. aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp and 200 mg/kg b.w. of praziquantel after 6 weeks from the onset of the infection. A significant reduction was observed in EPG (egg count per gram of faeces), eggs burden in tissues and recovery of adult worms (P<0.05) for both the plant and the drug-treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Koko
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Abstract
An attempt was made to evaluate the oral doses of 9 g/kg-body weight of Albizzia anthelmintica Brong. Mimoaseae stem bark water extract and 9 g/kg body weight of B. aegyptiaca (L) Del. (Balanitaceae) fruit mesocarp water extract (traditionally used as an anthelmintic in the Sudan) compared with 20 mg/kg body weight (recommended dose) of albendazole against Fasciola gigantica adult worm (12 weeks old) in five groups each of three goats (6 month old). Group (I) uninfected control, group (II) infected untreated control, group (III, IV and V) infected and treated as mentioned above respectively. Based on the percentage reduction in fluke counts from the liver post mortum 2 weeks after treatment, the efficacy of the mentioned therapeutics was 95.5, 93.2 and 97.7%, respectively. The characteristic lesions of liver fasciolosis, egg/gm of faeces (EPG), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration, total red blood cells count (RBC), total white blood cells count (WBC) and oesinophil% were significantly different from control and treated groups (P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Koko
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center of Research, P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum, Sudan
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