Iron-Nickel synergistic catalysis growth of (Fe,Ni)9S8/Ni3S2@N,S codoped carbon bridged nanowires enhanced oxygen evolution reaction performance

Improving the conductivity of the electrocatalyst itself is essential for enhancing its performance. In this work, N, S-rich 6-thioguanine (TG) is selected as the ligand to synthesize a Fe, Ni bimetallic porous coordination polymer (PCP), which is then derived to fabricate N,S codoped carbon (NSC)-coated (Fe,Ni)9S8/Ni3S2 bridged nanowires. The (Fe,Ni)9S8/Ni3S2@NSC bridged nanowires obtained through bimetallic synergistic catalysis and self-sulfurization processes not only introduced additional electrocatalytic active sites but also significantly enhance the overall conductivity of the catalyst due to the interconnected nanowire structure. The resulting (Fe,Ni)9S8/Ni3S2@NSC demonstrates remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, exhibiting an overpotential as low as 252 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. This work proposes a novel strategy for enhancing the overall conductivity of catalysts by growing bridged nanowires, providing valuable insights and inspiration for the design and preparation of advanced transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts.

[Expression and prognostic significance of KAP1 gene in malignant pleural mesothelioma]

Objective: To explore the expression of KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein 1, KAP1) in Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and clinical trials. And elucidate the correlation between the expression of KAP1 and the clinical pathological parameters of patients with MPM and its prognosis. Methods: In April 2022, Based on the second generation KAP1mRNA sequencing data and clinicopathological data of MPM patients downloaded from TCGA database, the correlation between KAP1mRNA expression and clinical parameters was analyzed, and the correlation between KAP1 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters and its prognostic value were analyzed based on Chuxiong data set cohort clinical samples. The expression of KAP1 mRNA in MPM samples and matched normal tumor adjacent tissues was detected by qRT-PCR, and the expression of KAP1 protein in MPM and normal pleural tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and Westernblotting. To construct a Kaplan-Meier model to explore the effect of KAP1 expression on the prognosis of MPM patients, and to analyze the prognostic factors of MPM patients by Cox regression. Results: qRT-PCR and Western blotting detection showed that the expression levels of KAP1 gene in four different MPM cells (NCI-H28, NCI-H2052, NCI-H2452, and MTSO-211H) were significantly higher than those in normal pleural mesothelial cells Met-5A. qRT-PCR, Western blotting and IHC results demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of KAP1 in MPM tissues was significantly higher than that in matching normal mesothelial tissues, and the expression level of KAP1 protein was correlated with TP 53 protein expression levels and serum CEA levels (P<0.05) . The mRNA expression level was significantly correlated with the prognosis, The overall survival time of mesothelioma patients with high KAP1mRNA expression was significantly shorter (HR=3.7, Logrank P<0.001) . Tumor type, age and the mRNA expression were related to the prognosis of MPM patients (P<0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that tumor type and KAP1 mRNA expression level were independent prognostic factors of MPM patients (P<0.05) . Conclusion: In this study, TCGA database and Chuxiong cohort experiment samples were used to collect the relevant information of KAP1 expression in malignant melanoma tissues. It was confirmed that KAP1 is highly expressed in MPM tissues. The mRNA expression level and pathological type are correlated with the prognosis of patients.

[The mechanism of NRF2 inhibiting ROS induced autophagy to reduce ovarian granulosa cells damage]

This study explores the effects and possible mechanisms of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (NRF2) on ovarian granulosa cells, providing a scientific basis to prevent premature ovarian failure. An ovarian cell injury model was constructed by treating human ovarian granulosa cell (KGN cell) with 4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD). Firstly, KGN cells were treated with different concentrations of VCD, and cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) was used to detect ovarian cell proliferation. After determining IC50 by CCK8, the levels of estradiol and progesterone in the cell supernatant were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit was used to detect the content of ROS in ovarian cells, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression level of NRF2, and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression level of NRF2. Further, NRF2 silence (siNRF2) and overexpression (NRF2-OE) cell models were constructed through lentivirus transfection, and the effects of regulating NRF2 on VCD treated cell models were investigated by detecting hormone levels, oxidative stress indicators (ROS, SOD, GSH-Px), and autophagy (LC3B level). The results showed that VCD intervention inhibited the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner (F>100, P<0.05), with an IC50 of 1.2 mmol/L at 24 hours. After VCD treatment, the level of estradiol in the cell supernatant decreased from (56.32±10.18) ng/ml to (24.59±8.75) ng/ml (t=5.78, P<0.05). Progesterone decreased from (50.25±7.03) ng/ml to (25.13±6.67) ng/ml (t=6.54, P<0.05). After VCD treatment, the SOD of cells decreased from (44.47±7.71) ng/ml to (30.92±4.97) ng/ml (t=3.61, P<0.05). GSH-Px decreased from (68.51±10.17) ng/ml to (35.19±6.59) ng/ml (t=5.73, P<0.05). Simultaneously accompanied by an increase in autophagy and a decrease in NRF2. This study successfully constructed KGN cell models that silenced NRF2 and overexpressed NRF2. Subsequently, this study treated each group of cells with VCD and found that the cell proliferation activity of the siNRF2 group was significantly reduced (t=8.37, P<0.05), while NRF2-OE could reverse the cell activity damage caused by VCD (t=3.37, P<0.05). The siNRF2 group had the lowest level of estradiol (t=5.78, P<0.05), while NRF2-OE could reverse the decrease in cellular estradiol levels caused by VCD (t=5.58, P<0.05). The siNRF2 group had the lowest progesterone levels (t=3.02, P<0.05), while NRF2-OE could reverse the decrease in cellular progesterone levels caused by VCD (t=2.41, P<0.05). The ROS level in the siNRF2 group was the highest (t=2.86, P<0.05), NRF2-OE could reverse the increase in ROS caused by VCD (t=3.14, P<0.05), the SOD enzyme content in the siNRF2 group was the lowest (t=2.98, P<0.05), and NRF2-OE could reverse the decrease in SOD enzyme content caused by VCD (t=4.72, P<0.05). The GSH-Px enzyme content in the siNRF2 group was the lowest (t=3.67, P<0.05), and NRF2-OE could reverse the decrease in antioxidant enzyme content caused by VCD (t=2.71, P<0.05). The LC3B level was highest in the siNRF2 group (t=2.45, P<0.05), and NRF2-OE was able to reverse the LC3B elevation caused by VCD (t=9.64, P<0.05). In conclusion, NRF2 inhibits ROS induced autophagy, thereby playing a role in reducing ovarian granulosa cell damage, which may be a potential target for premature ovarian failure.

Prolonged near-infrared fluorescence imaging of microRNAs and proteases in vivo by aggregation-enhanced emission from DNA-AuNC nanomachines

Developing a comprehensive strategy for imaging various biomarkers (i.e., microRNAs and proteases) in vivo is an exceptionally formidable task. Herein, we have designed a deoxyribonucleic acid-gold nanocluster (DNA-AuNC) nanomachine for detecting tumor-related TK1 mRNA and cathepsin B in living cells and in vivo. The DNA-AuNC nanomachine is constructed using AuNCs and DNA modules that incorporate a three component DNA hybrid (TD) and a single-stranded fuel DNA (FD). Upon being internalized into tumor cells, the TK1 mRNA initiates the DNA-AuNC nanomachine through DNA strand displacement cascades, leading to the amplified self-assembly and the aggregation-enhanced emission of AuNCs for in situ imaging. Furthermore, with the aid of a protease nanomediator consisting of a mediator DNA/peptide complex and AuNCs (DpAuNCs), the DNA-AuNC nanomachine can be triggered by the protease-activated disassembly of the DNA/peptide complex on the nanomediator, resulting in the aggregation of AuNCs for in vivo protease amplified detection. It is worth noting that our study demonstrates the impressive tumor permeability and accumulation capabilities of the DNA-AuNC nanomachines via in situ amplified self-assembly, thereby facilitating prolonged imaging of TK1 mRNA and cathepsin B both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy presents a versatile and biomarker-specific paradigm for disease diagnosis.

Study on the treatment of oily wastewater by evaluating the growth process of aggregates in an electrocoagulation reactor

Electrocoagulation has been widely studied in oily wastewater treatment because of its high demulsification efficiency and no secondary reagent is required. Oil removal largely depends on the properties of the aggregates. This study aimed to explore the growth process of aggregates and oil removal near the anode by electrocoagulation. Four factors, current density, solution temperature, initial pH value, and electrode structure, were investigated. According to the findings, the current density and temperature have the most significant influence on the growth process of aggregates. The oil removal rate depends more on the average particle size than the fractal dimension. The results showed that the current density and solution temperature have the most significant influence on the parameters of the electrocoagulation process. With increasing current density, the aggregate growth rate and average particle size entering the stable period were accelerated, and the oil removal efficiency was promoted. The growth of aggregates was retarded at high temperatures. The change in the scope of the fractal dimension was minor, ranging from 1.65 to 1.84, during the growth process of the aggregates. Foamed aluminium electrodes were beneficial for accelerating aggregate growth instead of aluminium plates, but the energy consumption was obviously increased. The relationship between the mean particle size and mean fractal dimension of aggregates is consistent with the power function. From the point of view of aggregate growth, this study forms the basis for an in-depth understanding of the demulsification mechanism.

One-Pot Synthesis of Tumor-Microenvironment Responsive Degradable Nanoflower-Medicine for Multimodal Cancer Therapy with Reinvigorating Antitumor Immunity

Multimodal cancer therapies show great promise in synergistically enhancing anticancer efficacy through different mechanisms. However, most current multimodal therapies either rely on complex assemblies of multiple functional nanomaterials and drug molecules or involve the use of nanomedicines with poor in vivo degradability/metabolizability, thus restricting their clinical translatability. Herein, a nanoflower-medicine using iron ions, thioguanine (TG), and tetracarboxylic porphyrin (TCPP) are synthesized as building blocks through a one-step hydrothermal method for combined chemo/chemodynamic/photodynamic cancer therapy. The resulting nanoflowers, consisting of low-density Fe2 O3 core and iron complex (Fe-TG and Fe-TCPP compounds) shell, exhibit high accumulation at the tumor site, desirable degradability in the tumor microenvironment (TME), robust suppression of tumor growth and metastasis, as well as effective reinvigoration of host antitumor immunity. Triggered by the low pH in tumor microenvironment, the nanoflowers gradually degrade after internalization, contributing to the effective drug release and initiation of high-efficiency catalytic reactions precisely in tumor sites. Moreover, iron ions can be eliminated from the body through renal clearance after fulfilling their mission. Strikingly, it is also found that the multimodal synergistic therapy effectively elicits the host antitumor immunity without inducing additional toxicity. This easy-manufactured and degradable multimodal therapeutic nanomedicine is promising for clinical precision oncology.

The Role of Retinal Dopamine D1 Receptors in Ocular Growth and Myopia Development in Mice

Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the signaling cascade controlling ocular refractive development, but the exact role and site of action of dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) involved in myopia remains unclear. Here, we determine whether retinal D1Rs exclusively mediate the effects of endogenous dopamine and systemically delivered D1R agonist or antagonist in the mouse form deprivation myopia (FDM) model. Male C57BL/6 mice subjected to unilateral FDM or unobstructed vision were divided into the following four groups: one noninjected and three groups that received intraperitoneal injections of a vehicle, D1R agonist SKF38393 (18 and 59 nmol/g), or D1R antagonist SCH39166 (0.1 and 1 nmol/g). The effects of these drugs on FDM were further assessed in Drd1-knock-out (Drd1-KO), retina-specific conditional Drd1-KO (Drd1-CKO) mice, and corresponding wild-type littermates. In the visually unobstructed group, neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 affected normal refractive development, whereas myopia development was attenuated by SKF38393 and enhanced by SCH39166 injections. In Drd1-KO or Drd1-CKO mice, however, these drugs had no effect on FDM development, suggesting that activation of retinal D1Rs is pertinent to myopia suppression by the D1R agonist. Interestingly, the development of myopia was unchanged by either Drd1-KO or Drd1-CKO, and neither SKF38393 nor SCH39166 injections, nor Drd1-KO, affected the retinal or vitreal dopamine and the dopamine metabolite DOPAC levels. Effects on axial length were less marked than effects on refraction. Therefore, activation of D1Rs, specifically retinal D1Rs, inhibits myopia development in mice. These results also suggest that multiple dopamine D1R mechanisms play roles in emmetropization and myopia development.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT While dopamine is recognized as a "stop" signal that inhibits myopia development (myopization), the location of the dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) that mediate this action remains to be addressed. Answers to this key question are critical for understanding how dopaminergic systems regulate ocular growth and refraction. We report here the results of our study showing that D1Rs are essential for controlling ocular growth and myopia development in mice, and for identifying the retina as the site of action for dopaminergic control via D1Rs. These findings highlight the importance of intrinsic retinal dopaminergic mechanisms for the regulation of ocular growth and suggest specific avenues for exploring the retinal mechanisms involved in the dopaminergic control of emmetropization and myopization.

Cell-Derived N/P/S-Codoped Fluorescent Carbon Nanodots with Intrinsic Targeting Ability for Tumor-Specific Phototheranostics

Combining targeting ability, imaging function, and photothermal/photodynamic therapy into a single agent is highly desired for cancer theranostics. Herein, we developed a one-for-all nanoplatform with N/P/S-codoped fluorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) for tumor-specific phototheranostics. The CNDs were prepared via a one-pot hydrothermal process using cancer cells as sources of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. The obtained N/P/S-codoped CNDs exhibit wide light absorption in the range of 200-900 nm and excitation-dependent emission with high photostability. Importantly, the cancer cell-derived N/P/S-codoped CNDs have outstanding biocompatibility and naturally intrinsic targeted ability for cancer cells as well as dual photothermal/photodynamic effects under 795 nm laser irradiation. Moreover, the photothermal conversion efficiency and singlet oxygen (1O2) generation efficiency were calculated to be 52 and 34%, respectively. These exceptional properties enable CNDs to act as fine theranostic agents for targeted imaging and photothermal-photodynamic synergistic therapy within the NIR therapeutic window. The CNDs prepared in this work are promising for construction as a universal tumor phototheranostic platform.

[Research progress on immunohistochemical diagnostic markers for malignant pleural mesothelioma]

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant tumor originating from the pleura, characterized by insidious onset, strong local invasiveness, short survival period, and poor prognosis. Clinical diagnosis is of paramount importance for the treatment and prognosis of MPM. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosing MPM is the results of histopathological examinations. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an effective auxiliary method in pathological diagnosis. Preliminary examinations can use two positive markers and two negative markers to distinguish pleural metastatic tumors, with additional antibodies selected based on differential diagnosis. The combined use of IHC markers plays a crucial role in the differential diagnosis between MPM and other tumors. This article primarily introduces commonly used IHC markers in MPM and the research progress of novel IHC markers in screening and differential diagnosis, aiming to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MPM.

[Long-term follow-up of humanized and murine CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia]

Objective: Murine CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) products have been approved for the treatment of refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) ; moreover, humanized products are also undergoing clinical trials. This study aimed to explore the differences in safety and short- and long-term follow-up efficacy between humanized and murine CD19 CAR-T-cells for treating relapsed and refractory B-ALL. Methods: Clinical data of 80 patients with R/R B-ALL treated with CD19-targeted CAR-T-cells at the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between May 2016 and March 2023 were analyzed, which included 31 patients with murine CAR-T and 49 with humanized products. Results: The proportion of patients with cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) in the murine and humanized groups was 63.1% and 65.3%, respectively. Moreover, a higher proportion of patients suffered from severe CRS in the murine group than in the humanized CAR-T group (19.4% vs 8.2%, P=0.174). Furthermore, one patient per group died of grade 5 CRS. The incidence of grade 1-2 immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was 12.9% and 6.1%, respectively; severe ICANS were not observed. Among patients receiving murine CAR-T-cells, an overall response (OR) was observed in 74.2%. Conversely, the OR rate of patients receiving humanized CAR-T-cells was 87.8%. During the median follow-up time of 10.5 months, the median recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with murine CAR-T-cells was 12 months, which was as long as that of patients with humanized CAR-T-cells. The median overall survival (OS) were not reached in both groups. Of the 45 patients with a bone marrow burden over 20% at baseline, humanized CAR-T therapy was associated with a significantly improved RFS (43.25% vs 33.33%, P=0.027). Bridging transplantation was an independent factor in prolonging OS (χ(2)=8.017, P=0.005) and PFS (χ(2)=6.584, P=0.010). Common risk factors, such as age, high proportion of bone marrow blasts, and BCR-ABL fusion gene expression, had no significant effect on patients' long-term follow-up outcomes. Three patients reached complete remission after reinfusion of humanized CAR-T-cells. However, one patient relapsed one month after his second infusion of murine CAR-T-cells. Conclusions: The results indicate that humanized CAR-T therapy showed durable efficacy in patients with a higher tumor burden in the bone marrow without any influence on safety. Moreover, it could overcome immunogenicity-induced CAR-T resistance, providing treatment options for patients who were not treated successfully with CAR-T therapies.

Ceruloplasmin regulating fibrosis in orbital fibroblasts provides a novel therapeutic target for Graves' orbitopathy

PURPOSE

In diagnosing the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy (GO), there is a growing interest in fibrosis generated by orbital fibroblasts (OFs); nevertheless, the involvement of ceruloplasmin (CP) in OFs remains unknown.

METHODS

Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through bioinformatic analysis. OFs were isolated from orbital tissue and identified with immunofluorescent staining. The levels of DEGs were validated in GO tissue samples and TGF-β-challenged OFs, and CP was selected for the following laboratory investigations. CP overexpression or knockdown was achieved, and cell viability and fibrosis-associated proteins were investigated to assess the cell phenotype and function. Signaling pathways were subsequently investigated to explore the mechanism of CP function in OFs.

RESULTS

CP and cathepsin C (CTSC) are two overlapped DEGs in GSE58331 and GSE105149. OFs were isolated and identified through fibrotic biomarkers. CP and CTSC were downregulated in GO tissue samples and TGF-β-challenged OFs. CP overexpression or knockdown was achieved in OFs by transducing a CP overexpression vector or small interfering RNA against CP (si1-CP or si2-CP) and verified using a qRT-PCR. CP overexpression inhibited cell viability and reduced the levels of α-SMA, vimentin, fibronectin, and collagen I, whereas CP knockdown exerted opposite effects on OFs. CP overexpression inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad3, Erk1/2, p38, JNK, and AKT; conversely, CP knockdown exerted opposite effects on the phosphorylation of factors mentioned above.

CONCLUSION

CP was downregulated in GO and suppressed the expression of fibrosis-associated proteins in both GO and normal OFs. CP might serve as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment regimens for GO.

A tumor microenvironment-activatable nanoplatform with phycocyanin-assisted in-situ nanoagent generation for synergistic treatment of colorectal cancer

The in-situ generation of therapeutic agents in targeted lesions is promising for revolutionizing oncotherapy but is limited by the low production efficiency. Given the specific tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC), i.e., mild acidity, overexpressed H2O2, glutathione (GSH) and H2S, we develop phycocyanin (PC) encapsulated PZTC/SS/HA nanocapsules (NCs) for TME-responsive, protein-assisted "turn-on'' therapy of CRC. The NCs are prepared by sequentially assembling Cu2+-tannic acid (TA) coordination shell, disulfide bond-bearing cross-linker, and hyaluronic acid (HA) on the sacrificial template ZIF-8, thus achieving pH-, GSH-responsiveness, and tumor targeting capability, respectively. Once reaching the CRC sites, the NCs can quickly disintegrate and release Cu2+ and PC, accompanied by subsequent endogenous H2S-triggered generation of copper sulfide (CuS). Significantly, the intracellular sulfidation process can be accelerated by PC, thereby enabling efficient photothermal therapy (PTT) under NIR-Ⅱ laser. Besides, Cu2+-associated chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can be simultaneously activated and enhanced by PTT-induced local hyperthermia and disulfide bond-induced GSH consumption. This CRC-targeted and TME-activated synergistic PTT/CDT strategy displays high therapeutic efficacy both in vitro and in vivo, which can open up a new avenue for biomolecule-assisted in-situ nanoagent generation and effective TME-responsive synergistic treatment of CRC.

Biomechanical evaluation of graded ventralfacetectomy simulating foraminoplasty of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy

OBJECTIVE

To explore the lumbar spine biomechanics of graded ventral facetectomy and determine the appropriate extent of resection for foraminoplasty.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We retrospectively measured several radiological parameters of superior articular process (SAP) and bony intervertebral foramen in computed tomography scans of 170 lumbar vertebral discs. The intact finite element (FE) spine of L2-sacrum was modified to simulate foraminoplasty with two typical graded ventral facetectomy methods (Method Ⅰ: basal part resection of SAP; Method Ⅱ: apical part resection of SAP) to explore the biomechanical effects under different physiological motions.

RESULTS

Examination of the radiological parameters of the bony intervertebral foramen indicated that they were generally narrower than the diameters of commercially available working cannulas. Some of these parameters showed gender differences. The biomechanical evaluation indicated that the range of motion increased gradually with the expansion of the resection extent, and the differences compared to the intact spine at the same level were greater in Method I than in Method Ⅱ.

CONCLUSIONS

The appropriate ventral resection extent of the basal part of the SAP (Method I) was 4 mm, 3 mm, and 3 mm on the lateral view at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1, respectively. The appropriate ventral resection extent of the apical part of the SAP (Method II) were 10 mm, 6 mm and 6 mm on the lateral view at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1, respectively. Extensive resection of foraminoplasty may destabilize lumbar motion segments.

[Analysis of clinicopathological features of 68 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma]

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and explore the diagnostic methods in order to improve the early diagnosis rate. Methods: In January 2019 to January 2022, the clinical features, auxiliary examination and immunohistochemical results of 68 cases of MPM were analyzed retrospectively. The pathogenic features, histopathological morphology and the expression of related antibodies including Calretinin (CR), D2-40 and WT-1 were summarized. Results: Among the 68 patients, 40 male (58.82%), 28 female (41.18%), male to female ratio was 1.43%, median age was 58 years old; 50% of patients in Dayao County, epithelial mesothelioma 59 cases (86.76%), occurred in right chest in 39 cases (57.35%), left chest in 25 cases (36.76%), and 4 cases in both sides (5.89%). The most common initial clinical manifestations were pleural effusion (95.59%), chest pain (36.75%), chest tightness and shortness of breath (30.88%). The main imaging findings were pleural effusion in 49 cases (98.00%) and pleural thickening in 46 cases (92.00%). MPM tumor cells often expressed Calretinin, CK5/6, WT1 and D2-40, while TTF-1, NapsinA and CEA, the main markers differentiated from lung adenocarcinoma were negative. Serum CYFRA21-1 and CEA have high value in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusions. Conclusion: Diffuse MPM has diverse histological and cytological morphology, which needs to be differentiated from a variety of diseases. Correct diagnosis of diffuse MPM through immunohistochemistry requires the combined application of a group of Mesothelium related antibodies.

Analysis of clinical characteristics of thyroid phenotype in Pendred syndrome based on multiple databases

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to provide statistical data support for the development of thyroid phenotype-related follow-up and reference for follow-up duration and project selection by analyzing the clinical characteristics of thyroid phenotype in Pendred syndrome (PDS) based on multiple databases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

PDS-related pathogenic or possibly/pathogenic mutations were searched by Deafness Variation Database (DVD), ClinVar, and PubMed databases, the mutation sites were counted and the characteristics and thyroid phenotypes were analyzed.

RESULTS

The median age of hearing phenotype onset in PDS cases reported in multiple databases was 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) years, the median age of thyroid phenotype onset was 14.5 (5.8, 21.0) years, and the median age that thyroid phenotype was more delayed than hearing phenotype was 10.0 (4.0, 17.0) years. There were significant differences in the distribution of onset time between the two phenotypes (Z=-4.560, p<0.01). In these patients, the positive rates of goiter, thyroid nodules, abnormal thyroid function, and perchlorate discharge test (PDT) were 78%, 78%, 69%, and 78%, respectively. Moreover, the number of thyroid phenotype-positive items in the genotype group with frameshift mutation was not significantly higher than that in the group without frameshift mutation (Z=-1.452, p=0.147).

CONCLUSIONS

The early missed diagnosis of PDS may be due to the late onset of thyroid phenotype and the non-100% positive rate of examination items. Therefore, multi-item follow-up of the thyroid gland into adulthood will benefit patients. At present, the relationship between genotype and phenotype is still unclear, and prognosis cannot be determined according to genotype.

Residual Strain Evolution Induced by Crystallization Kinetics During Anti-Solvent Spin Coating in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) polycrystalline thin films are attractive due to their outstanding photoelectronic properties. The anti-solvent spin coating method is the most widely used to synthesize these thin films, and the residual strain is inevitably originates and evolves during the process. However, this residual strain evolution induced by crystallization kinetics is still poorly understood. In this work, the in situ and ex situ synchrotron grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) are utilized to characterize the evolution and distribution of the residual strain in the OIHP polycrystalline thin film during the anti-solvent spin coating process. A mechanical model is established and the mechanism of the crystallization kinetics-induced residual strain evolution process is discussed. This work reveals a comprehensive understanding of the residual strain evolution during the anti-solvent spin coating process in the OIHP polycrystalline thin films and provides important guidelines for the residual strain-related strain engineering, morphology control, and performance enhancement.

[Expression of CD24 gene in human malignant pleural mesothelioma and its relationship with prognosis]

Objective: To investigate the expression of CD24 gene in human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells and tissues, and evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical prognosis of MPM patients. Methods: In February 2021, UALCAN database was used to analyze the correlation between CD24 gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics in 87 cases of MPM patients. The TIMER 2.0 platform was used to explore the relationship between the expression of CD24 in MPM and tumor immune infiltrating cells. cBioportal online tool was used to analyze the correlation between CD24 and MPM tumor marker gene expression. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expressions of CD24 gene in human normal pleural mesothelial cell lines LP9 and MPM cell lines NCI-H28 (epithelial type), NCI-H2052 (sarcoma type), and NCI-H2452 (biphasic mixed type). RT-qPCR was performed to detect the expressions of CD24 gene in 18 cases of MPM tissues and matched normal pleural tissues. The expression difference of CD24 protein in normal mesothelial tissue and MPM tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. A Kaplan-Meier model was constructed to explore the influence of CD24 gene expression on the prognosis of MPM patients, and Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors in MPM patients was performed. Results: The CD24 gene expression without TP53 mutation MPM patients was significantly higher than that of patients in TP53 mutation (P<0.05). The expression of CD24 gene in MPM was positively correlated with B cells (r(s)=0.37, P<0.001). The expression of CD24 gene had a positive correlation with the expressions of thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) (r(s)=0.26, P<0.05), and had a negative correlation with the expression of epidermal growth factor containing fibulin like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1), mesothelin (MSLN) and calbindin 2 (CALB2) (r(s)=-0.31, -0.52, -0.43, P<0.05). RT-qPCR showed that the expression level of CD24 gene in MPM cells (NCI-H28, NCI-H2052 and NCI-H2452) was significantly higher than that in normal pleural mesothelial LP9 cells. The expression level of CD24 gene in MPM tissues was significantly higher than that in matched normal pleural tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of CD24 protein in epithelial and sarcoma MPM tissues were higher than those of matched normal pleural tissues. Compared with low expression of CD24 gene, MPM patients with high expression of CD24 gene had lower overall survival (HR=2.100, 95%CI: 1.336-3.424, P<0.05) and disease-free survival (HR=1.800, 95%CI: 1.026-2.625, P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that compared with the biphasic mixed type, the epithelial type was a protective factor for the prognosis of MPM patients (HR=0.321, 95%CI: 0.172-0.623, P<0.001). Compared with low expression of CD24 gene, high expression of CD24 gene was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of MPM patients (HR=2.412, 95%CI: 1.291-4.492, P=0.006) . Conclusion: CD24 gene and protein are highly expressed in MPM tissues, and the high expression of CD24 gene suggests poor prognosis in MPM patients.

Electronic Structure and Aromaticity of an Unusual Cyclo[18]carbon Precursor, C18Br6

Herein, the electronic structure and bonding character of the stable cyclo[18]carbon (C18) precursor, C18Br6, are thoroughly characterized by molecular orbital (MO), density of states (DOS), bond order (BO), and interaction region indicator (IRI) analyses. The delocalization characters of out-of-plane and in-plane π-electrons (labeled as πout- and πin-electrons, respectively) in bonding regions are examined using localized orbital locator (LOL) and electron localization function (ELF). Then, the aromaticity is addressed via the molecular magnetic response to external magnetic field by computing the magnetically induced current density (Jind), iso-chemical shielding surface (ICSS), anisotropy of the induced current density (AICD), and the induced magnetic field (Bind). All these analyses indicate that C18Br6 is a globally aromatic species with lower aromaticity than C18, and the blocking of in-plane π- conjugation (labeled as πin-conjugation) by the presence of -Br substituents in it is the underlying cause for the weakening of molecular aromaticity.

A162 RARE PRESENTATION OF EXTRANODAL NK/T-CELL LYMPHOMA INVOLVING STOMACH AND EYE: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Background

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ENKTL are predominantly localized to nasal and upper aerodigestive sites, but extranasal involvement including gastrointestinal tract are rarely seen. Small and large intestines are primary sites of gastrointestinal ENKTL. Gastric involvements are exceedingly rare accounting for less than 5% of all gastrointestinal ENKTL.

Purpose

We present a literature review on gastrointestinal ENKTL and a case report of gastrointestinal bleed secondary to ENKTL involving stomach and left orbit.

Method

Case report and literature review.

Result(s)

33-year-old female was admitted to a tertiary hospital with 3-week history of epigastric pain and left periorbital swelling. Abdominal CT showed edema and thickening of gastric folds. Head CT showed grossly enlarged left lateral rectus muscle and periorbital soft tissue swelling suggestive of left orbital pseudotumor. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multifocal Forrest classification II-C ulcerations throughout her stomach and duodenum. Biopsies from stomach showed gastric mucosa with extensive infiltration by an atypical lymphoid cell population. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated high grade lymphoid cells with uniform expression of CD2, CD3, CD30, CD56, TIA1, perforin and granzyme B. EBV-encoded small RNA in-situ hybridization (EBER ISH) was strongly positive. Findings were consistent with gastric ENKTL. Left orbital biopsy revealed similar morphology and phenotypic features consistent with concurrent ENKTL involvement of her orbit. Patient was initiated on intravenous corticosteroids, but unfortunately developed hemorrhagic shock secondary to gastrointestinal bleeding from gastric ulcer and passed away.

Gastrointestinal ENKTL is a rare presentation of a rare disease. Gastric involvement is especially rare and described only in few case reports. Gastrointestinal ENKTL are often initially asymptomatic but can progress to abdominal pain, bleeding and even bowel perforation. Due its nonspecific clinical features and rarity, diagnosis can be difficult and requires careful examination by an experienced pathologist. This aggressive lymphoma is characterized by positive CD2, CD3, CD30, CD56, TIA, granzyme B, perforin and EBER ISH. Optimal treatment approach remains unclear due to lack of prospective clinical studies. Currently, treatment modalities used for other lymphomas including radiotherapy and non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy are used. Despite treatment, prognosis is grim with median overall survival period of 7-8 months.

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Conclusion(s)

We present a case of gastric and orbital ENKTL with gastric ulcer bleeding. Gastric ENKTL disease is a rare presentation of a rare disease. Due to non-specific clinical features, diagnosis is often difficult and relies on careful pathology examination by experienced pathologist. Prognosis is poor without optimal treatment approach due to rarity of disease and lack of validated data.

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INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES

MECHANISMS AND TREATMENTS

A97 LARGE NON-PEDUNCULATED COLONIC POLYP (LNPCP) OUTCOMES REFERRED FOR ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: A QUALITY ASSURANCE INITIATIVE

Background

Endoscopic resection techniques have become the primary treatment strategy for the vast majority of large (≥ 20mm) non-pedunculated colonic polyps (LNPCPs). Despite this, surgery is still commonly performed with evidence suggesting an increasing trend over time. There is limited Canadian data confirming the effectiveness and safety of an endoscopic management strategy for LNPCPs.

Purpose

To investigate clinical outcomes of patients referred for endoscopic management of a LNPCP.

Method

Retrospective single-centre analysis of patients referred to a single endoscopist for the management of LNPCPs within a tertiary referral practice. LNPCPs were further subdivided into non-complicated (NC-LNPCP) or complicated (C-LNPCP) defined as those involving the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, circumferential or previously attempted. Performance outcomes were evaluated by the frequencies of technical success (removal of all polypoid tissue during index procedure) and need for colorectal surgery. Safety was evaluated by the frequencies of clinically significant intraprocedural bleeding (CSIPB), clinically significant post-endoscopic resection bleeding (CSPEB), intra-procedural perforation and delayed perforation. Recurrence (either endoscopic or histologic) was evaluated at first surveillance colonoscopy (SC1). Continuous variables were summarized using median (IQR). Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies (%). To test for association between categorical variables, the Pearson χ2 or the Fisher exact test were used, where appropriate. For continuous variables, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. A probability (p) value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result(s)

Between January 2021 to March 2022, 263 LNPCP were referred for endoscopic resection and 41 LNPCP were excluded (23 pedunculated, 14 optical evaluation suggestive of deeply invasive cancer, 4 other). 222 LNPCP (188 NC-LNPCP, 34 C-LNPCP) underwent endoscopic resection. Median size was 25mm (IQR 20-30mm) with the majority undergoing cold snare resection (115, 51.8%). Polyposis (Adenomatous or serrated) was present in 23 (12.6%) cases respectively. Technical success was 97.3%. Cancer was present in 5 (2%). Clinically significant bleeding (CSPEB) occurred in 2.7%, DMI IV in 1.8% and there were no delayed perforations. Recurrence occurred in 4 (3.5%) at SC1 and 11 (5%) required surgery due to technical failure, submucosal invasion on pathology and clinically significant bleeding.

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Conclusion(s)

Endoscopic resection as the primary treatment strategy for LNPCPs offers a safe and effective alternative to surgery in British Columbia.

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A132 A CASE OF COLONIC MALAKOPLAKIA PRESENTING AS A LARGE CECAL MASS : NOT EVERY POLYP HAS TO LOOK LIKE A NAIL

Background

Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory condition, commonly affecting the genitourinary system of immunocompromised patients. Gastrointestinal malakoplakia has been reported in the literature, with previous endoscopic findings mimicking mass lesions.

Purpose

To describe a case of colonic malakoplakia after referral for endoscopic management of a large non-pedunculated colorectal polyp.

Method

Case report and review of the literature.

Result(s)

Case Report

An 80-year-old male with chronic kidney disease and remote renal transplant on immunosuppressive therapy (mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, prednisone) was referred for endoscopic resection for a large non-pedunculated colorectal polyp in the cecum. Original presenting symptoms included chronic diarrhea, iron deficiency anemia, and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) positivity. A repeat colonoscopy demonstrated a 40mm Paris 0-IIA plaque-like lesion in the cecum with optical features not in keeping with adenomatous or serrated histopathology. Biopsies were performed with histopathology demonstrating normal colonic mucosa with confluent sheets of histiocytes with concentrically layered cytoplasmic inclusions, in keeping with malakoplakia.

Literature review

Malakoplakia, Greek for “soft plaque”, is a rare inflammatory condition characterized by impaired dysfunction in macrophages leading to the accumulation of incompletely degraded bacteria in phagolysosomes. Histologically, this appears as concentrically layered cytoplasmic inclusions, comprising the pathognomonic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Many bacterial organisms have been implicated in the development of malakoplakia, with E. coli being the most common; specifically in immunocompromised patients, whether from immunosuppressive medications, immunodeficiency syndromes, or clinical conditions precluding effective immune function. Malakoplakia commonly presents as a mass-like lesion and has been found in all organs, most commonly in the genitourinary system. Diagnosis is made by biopsy and allows for appropriate treatment, which is most commonly a reduction in immunosuppressive therapy and antibiotic therapy.

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Conclusion(s)

Malakoplakia is rare but should be considered when a lesion with atypical optical evaluation features is found in immunocompromised individuals or those with recurrent infections.

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A223 UNMASKED OR INDUCED COLITIS: COULD IT BE SECUKINUMAB?

Background

Spondyloarthropathies (SpA), such as Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) are inflammatory disorders which have coheritability with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Secukinumab is a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of IL-17A used to treat SpA, but has also been reported to cause de novo and exacerbations of known IBD. Rare reports of Secukinumab induced microscopic colitis have also been documented.

Purpose

To present and discuss the diagnostic challenges in a case of undifferentiated colitis in a patient with AS treated with Secukinumab.

Method

Case report and literature review.

Result(s)

Case Report: A 62-year-old male with a history of AS was admitted to hospital with acute on chronic diarrhea. The patient’s AS was unresponsive to Infliximab, Methotrexate, and Adalimumab, although the latter improved his diarrhea at the time.

A Colonoscopy completed 14 years earlier for chronic diarrhea was endoscopically normal with biopsies of the left colon notable for mild patchy inflammation and fibrosis. A subsequent Colonoscopy with random biopsies 8 years later showed normal mucosa while he was treated with Adalimumab.

He was started on Secukinumab 4 months prior to hospitalization noting progressive watery diarrhea and weight loss of 15kg. Investigations were notable for microcytic anemia (Hemoglobin 120 g/L, MCV 78 fL), elevated CRP (33 mg/L), and a creatinine of 508 µmol/L. Negative tTg antibodies and normal IgA levels ruled out celiac disease. Stool studies were unremarkable. Colonoscopy showed several linear ulcerations in the descending colon and rectum with a normal terminal ileum, transverse, and ascending colon. Biopsies from the endoscopically normal mucosa showed thickened subepithelial collagen band suggestive of microscopic colitis while the ulcerated regions showed cryptic rupture with associated granuloma representing possible Crohn’s colitis versus drug-induced injury. Stains were negative for CMV.

Secukinumab was stopped and he was started on Budesonide with significant improvement in symptoms.

Literature Review

Almost half of all patients with SpA have microscopic intestinal inflammation and of these, 7% eventually develop IBD. Shorter symptom duration, higher SpA activity and male sex are known risk factors for underlying intestinal involvement. However, the exact role of microscopic intestinal inflammation in SpA has yet to be determined.

Secukinumab is an inhibitor of IL-17A with significant efficacy in the treatment of SpA but has been associated with exacerbations of Crohn’s disease and de novo cases of IBD. Thus, the role of IL-17 in IBD remains uncertain and may suggest a protective effect rather than an inflammatory one seen in SpA. The long half-life of Secukinumab (24-31 days) presents challenges when considering treatment with other biologics, such as anti-TNFs, which may cause excessive immunosuppression.

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Conclusion(s)

New onset colitis is a described but rare entity in patients treated with Secukinumab presenting several diagnostic and treatment challenges.

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Disclosure of Interest

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A138 SERRATED POLYPOSIS SYNDROME IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: A SEQUELAE OF CHRONIC DISEASE ACTIVITY OR NEW WHO PHENOTYPE?

Background

Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is a growing health concern with up to 1 in 125 universal screening program participants meeting diagnostic criteria. Conversely, SPS in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rarely described in the literature, despite the predisposition for serrated epithelial change and serrated polyps in this population.

Purpose

To describe a case of World Health Organization (WHO) criterion I SPS in a patient with IBD, and discuss the existing literature on this rare occurrence.

Method

Case report and review of the literature.

Result(s)

Case Report

A 53-year-old female with ulcerative colitis (UC; Phenotype: Left-sided; Duration of disease: 40 years; Medical therapy: sulfasalazine) undergoing regular endoscopic surveillance was recently found to have multiple serrated-class lesions including 6 in the sigmoid colon ranging between 8-30mm in size; this included 3 sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) between 20-30mm removed by piecemeal cold snare resection without complication and 2 residual large SSLs for staged endoscopic resection. No endoscopic disease activity was appreciated (Mayo 0), with histopathology of the sigmoid colon and rectum demonstrating chronic inactive colitis.

Literature Review

From 2008 to 2021, there are eleven reported cases of SPS in IBD. Six patients had UC and most were in remission for several decades at the time of SPS diagnosis. Most SPS cases met WHO criteria and fit within described phenotypes. While the case above meets WHO criterion I for SPS, the presence of large distal lesions is atypical, raising the question of whether chronic disease activity contributed to the development of these serrated lesions, given the known predisposition for serrated epithelial change and serrated lesions in patients with colonic IBD.

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Conclusion(s)

SPS in patients with IBD is rare. Questions remain about the role of chronic disease activity contributing to the formation of serrated lesions, its clinical relevance, and optimal management strategy.

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The impact of the metabolic score for insulin resistance on cardiovascular disease: a 10-year follow-up cohort study

PURPOSE

To investigate whether the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

METHODS

A total of 6489 participants aged 35-70 years without a history of CVD were included in this prospective cohort study. The median follow-up time was 10.6 years. The METS-IR was calculated as ln [2 × FPG (mg/dL) + fasting TG (mg/dL)] × BMI (kg/m²)/ln [HDL-C (mg/dL)]. The primary outcome was CVD, defined as the composite of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.

RESULTS

During follow-up, 396 individuals developed CVD. Kaplan-Meier survival curves by quintiles of METS-IR showed statistically significant differences (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the hazard ratio [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] of CVD was 1.80 (1.24-2.61) in quintile 5 and 1.17 (1.05-1.31) for per standard deviation (SD) increase in METS-IR. In subgroup analysis, the significant association between METS-IR and CVD was mainly observed among females and subjects without diabetes mellitus. A significant interaction was found between gender and METS-IR (P-interaction = 0.001). Moreover, adding METS-IR to models with traditional risk factors yielded a significant improvement in discrimination and reclassification of incident CVD.

CONCLUSION

The elevated METS-IR was independently associated with incident CVD, suggesting that the METS-IR might be a valuable indicator for risk stratification and early intervention of CVD.

Ta3N5 Nanobelt-Loaded Ru Nanoparticle Hybrids' Electrocatalysis for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media

Electrochemical hydrogen evolution is a highly efficient way to produce hydrogen, but since it is limited by high-cost electrocatalysts, the preparation of high-efficiency electrocatalysts with fewer or free noble metals is important. Here, Ta₃N₅ nanobelt (NB)-loaded Ru nanoparticle (NP) hybrids with various ratios, including 1~10 wt% Ru/Ta₃N₅, are constructed to electrocatalyze water splitting for a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. The results show that 5 wt% Ru/Ta₃N₅ NBs have good HER properties with an overpotential of 64.6 mV, a Tafel slope of 84.92 mV/dec at 10 mA/cm² in 1 M of KOH solution, and good stability. The overpotential of the HER is lower than that of Pt/C (20 wt%) at current densities of 26.3 mA/cm² or more. The morphologies and structures of the materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, respectively. X-ray photoelectron energy spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrates that a good HER performance is generated by the synergistic effect and electronic transfer of Ru to Ta₃N₅. Our electrochemical analyses and theoretical calculations indicate that Ru/Ta₃N₅ interfaces play an important role as real active sites.

[Efficacy of one-stage total spondylectomy and circumferential reconstruction for axial tumors through a combined anterior retropharyngeal-posterior approach]

Objective: To elucidate the safety and efficacy of one-stage total spondylectomy and circumferential reconstruction through a combined anterior retropharyngeal-posterior approach for axial tumors. Methods: A total of 20 patients with axial tumor who received total spondylectomy through a combined anterior retropharyngeal-posterior approach in Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 2006 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Anterior reconstruction was performed with a special-shaped titanium mesh or three-dimensional printed (3DP) implants. The degree of local pain and neurological function was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Frankel classification systems, respectively. Status of internal fixation and local recurrence was analyzed by radiological examination during follow-up. Results: Among the 20 patients, 12 were male and 8 were female with a mean age of (59.1±11.0) years (31 to 72 years). The mean operation time was (605.0±60.1) minutes (430 to 700 minutes) with a mean intraoperative blood loss of (1 250±347) ml (800 to 2 400 ml). The mean postoperative hospital stay was (13.2±2.8) days (8 to 20 days), and mean follow-up duration was (37.2±14.2) months(14 to 66 months). Anterior reconstructions were performed with a special-shaped titanium mesh in 14 patients and with 3DP implants in another 6 patients. Posterior occipital-cervical fixation was performed in 5 patients, while cervical fixation only in another 15 patients. The mean VAS score of pain at the last follow-up decreased significantly when compared with that before operation (1.6±0.6 vs 7.1±1.1, P<0.001). Nine patients with neurological deficits indicated significant improvement by at least 1 level at the last follow-up; among them, 2 cases of Frankel B improved to Frankel C and D, respectively; 3 cases of Frankel C all improved to Frankel D, and 4 cases of Frankel D improved to Frankel E. The perioperative complications included: 2 cases of vertebral artery injury, 2 cases of dysphagia, 3 cases of hoarseness and cough, 2 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and 1 case of greater occipital neuralgia. At the last follow-up, 5 patients died and 3 patients relapsed. Only 1 case suffered fixation failure due to local recurrence at the last follow up. Conclusions: One-stage total spondylectomy and circumferential reconstruction through a combined anterior retropharyngeal-posterior approach is safe and effective for axial tumors with favorable clinical outcomes and minor complications. Circumferential reconstruction with special-shaped titanium mesh or 3DP implant and posterior fixation can effectively reconstruct mechanical stability.

Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of ^{48}Ca

We report a precise measurement of the parity-violating (PV) asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{48}Ca. We measure A_{PV}=2668±106(stat)±40(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(q=0.8733  fm^{-1})=0.1304±0.0052(stat)±0.0020(syst) and the charge minus the weak form factor F_{ch}-F_{W}=0.0277±0.0055. The resulting neutron skin thickness R_{n}-R_{p}=0.121±0.026(exp)±0.024(model)  fm is relatively thin yet consistent with many model calculations. The combined CREX and PREX results will have implications for future energy density functional calculations and on the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter.

[Expression and clinical significance of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in malignant pleural mesothelioma tissues]

Objective: To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of collagen typeⅠ α1 chain (COL1A1) and collagen type Ⅰ α2 chain (COL1A2) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tissues. Methods: In January 2020, MPM tissues and adjacent normal pleural tissues were collected from 26 MPM patients, and the expression levels of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in the tissues were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and the efficacy of both levels in diagnosing MPM was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The relationship between COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the relationship between the expression levels of both and overall survival (OS) and disease-free progression survival (DFS) of MPM patients was dynamically analyzed by gene expression profiling, and the factors affecting the prognosis of MPM patients were explored by Cox proportional risk regression model. The TIMER 2.0 platform was used to explore the relationship between COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene expression in MPM and tumor immune infiltrative cells. Results: Compared with normal pleural tissues, the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes was significantly increased in MPM tissues (P<0.01) , and their expression was positively correlated (P<0.001) . The ROC curves showed that the area under the curve for COL1A1 and COL1A2 expression levels diagnostic of MPM was 0.900 and 0.897, respectively. The expression of COL1A1 gene was correlated with tumor type in MPM patients (P<0.05) , and COL1A2 gene expression was correlated with T stage in MPM patients (P<0.05) . Both COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene expression were associated with OS in MPM patients (Logrank P<0.05) , but there was no significant correlation with DFS (Logrank P>0.05) . Cox multivariate analysis showed that patients with high COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene expression and biphasic mixed MPM had a higher risk of death (P<0.05) . TIMER 2.0 platform analysis showed that COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene expression in MPM patients was positively correlated with macrophages, COL1A2 gene expression in MPM was negatively correlated with neutrophils (P<0.05) . Conclusion: High expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in MPM tissues is valuable for diagnosis, disease prediction and prognostic assessment of MPM, and both may jointly contribute to the development of MPM.

Synthesis of Renal-Clearable Multicolor Fluorescent Silicon Nanodots for Tumor Imaging and In Vivo H2O2 Profiling

Fluorescent silicon nanodots have shown great prospects for bioimaging and biosensing applications. Although various fluorescent silicon-containing nanodots (SiNDs) have been developed, there are few reports about renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs. Herein, renal-clearable multicolor fluorescent SiNDs are synthesized by using silane molecules and organic dyes through a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The fluorescence of the resulting SiNDs can be tuned to blue (bSiNDs), green (gSiNDs), and red (rSiNDs) by simply changing the categories of silane reagents or dye molecules. The as-prepared SiNDs exhibit strong fluorescence with a quantum yield up to 72%, excellent photostability, and good biocompatibility with 12 h renal clearance rate as high as 86% ID. These properties enabled the SiNDs for tumor fluorescence imaging and H₂O₂ imaging in living cells and tissue through in situ reduction reaction-lighted fluorescence of the nanoprobe. Our results provide an invaluable methodology for the synthesis of renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs and their potential applications for fluorescence imaging and biomarker sensing. These SiNDs are also promising for various biological and biomedical applications.

New Measurements of the Beam-Normal Single Spin Asymmetry in Elastic Electron Scattering over a Range of Spin-0 Nuclei

We report precision determinations of the beam-normal single spin asymmetries (A_{n}) in the elastic scattering of 0.95 and 2.18 GeV electrons off ^{12}C, ^{40}Ca, ^{48}Ca, and ^{208}Pb at very forward angles where the most detailed theoretical calculations have been performed. The first measurements of A_{n} for ^{40}Ca and ^{48}Ca are found to be similar to that of ^{12}C, consistent with expectations and thus demonstrating the validity of theoretical calculations for nuclei with Z≤20. We also report A_{n} for ^{208}Pb at two new momentum transfers (Q^{2}) extending the previous measurement. Our new data confirm the surprising result previously reported, with all three data points showing significant disagreement with the results from the Z≤20 nuclei. These data confirm our basic understanding of the underlying dynamics that govern A_{n} for nuclei containing ≲50 nucleons, but point to the need for further investigation to understand the unusual A_{n} behavior discovered for scattering off ^{208}Pb.

Photophysical properties and optical nonlinearity of cyclo[18]carbon (C18) precursors, C18-(CO)n (n = 2, 4, and 6): focusing on the effect of the carbonyl groups

The electronic spectra and (hyper)polarizability of C₁₈-(CO)_n (n = 2, 4, and 6) are studied using theoretical calculations to reveal the effect of introducing carbonyl (-CO) groups on the molecular optical properties. Successive introduction of -CO groups is observed to cause a red-shift in the absorption spectrum, but maximum absorption of all molecules is mainly due to the charge redistribution within the C₁₈ moiety. The (hyper)polarizabilities of the cyclocarbon oxides present an ascending trend with the -CO groups in the molecule, and the higher-order response properties are more sensitive. With (hyper)polarizability density analysis and (hyper)polarizability contribution decomposition, the fundamental reasons for the difference of (hyper)polarizability of different molecules are systematically discussed from the perspective of physical and structural origins, respectively. Significant optical resonances under the frequency-dependent fields are found for the (hyper)polarizabilities of the cyclocarbon oxides, which is in contrast to the insignificant influence on their polarizability.

Application of two-dimensional layered materials in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)

2D materials are promising SERS substrates. Seven feasible strategies to improve the SERS performance of 2D substrate materials are summarized. The prospect of future progress in SERS and possible challenges of 2D layered materials are put forwarded.

Bonding Character, Electron Delocalization, and Aromaticity of Cyclo[18]Carbon (C18 ) Precursors, C18 -(CO)n (n=6, 4, and 2): Focusing on the Effect of Carbonyl (-CO) Groups

The bonding character, electron delocalization, and aromaticity of the cyclo[18]carbon (C₁₈ ) precursors, C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2), have been studied by combining quantum chemical calculations and various electronic wavefunction analyses with different physical bases. It was found that C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2) molecules exhibit alternating long and short C-C bonds, and have out-of-plane and in-plane dual π systems (π^out and πⁱⁿ ) perpendicular to each other, which are consistent with the relevant characteristics of C₁₈ . However, the presence of carbonyl (-CO) groups significantly reduced the global electron conjugation of C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2) compared to C₁₈ . Specifically, the -CO group largely breaks the extensive delocalization of πⁱⁿ system, and the π^out system is also affected by it but to a much lesser extent; as a consequence, C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2) with larger n shows weaker overall aromaticity. Mostly because of the decreased but still apparent π^out electron delocalization in the C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2), a notable diatropic induced ring current under the action of external magnetic field is observed, demonstrating the clear aromatic characteristic in the molecules. The correlation between C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2) and C₁₈ in terms of the gradual elimination of -CO from the precursors showed that the direct elimination of two CO molecules in C₁₈ -(CO)_n (n=6, 4, and 2) has a synergistic mechanism, but it is kinetically infeasible under normal conditions due to the high energy barrier.

[Short-term efficacy of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody in patients with recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps combined with asthma]

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (Omalizumab) in the treatment of recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) complicated with asthma. Methods: Patients with recurrent CRSwNP and comorbid asthma in Beijing TongRen Hospital from May to December of 2020 were continuously recruited and received a 4-month therapy of stable background treatment plus Omalizumab. Results of visual analog scales (VAS) of nasal symptoms, sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT 22) and nasal polyp scores were collected at baseline and post-treatment (1, 2, 3 and 4 months after treatment). Blood routine tests, total nasal resistances (TNR), minimum cross-sectional areas (MCA), total nasal cavity volumes (NCV), forced expiratory volumes in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) and adverse events were collected at baseline and 4 months after treatment. All results were evaluated for short-term efficacy of Omalizumab. GraphPad Prism 8.2.1 was used for statistic analysis. Results: Ten patients were collected, including 3 males and 7 females, aged (41.13±12.64) years old (x¯±s). Compared to results at baseline, the VAS scores of nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, hyposmia and headache after 4 months treatment were significantly decreased (1.80±1.48 vs 6.70±2.83, 2.40±1.27 vs 6.40±3.44, 2.70±2.91 vs 8.20±2.25, 0.60±1.08 vs 3.60±2.72, t value was 5.045, 4.243, 5.312, 3.402, respectively, all P<0.01). The scores of SNOT-22 (25.6±20 vs 61.3±33.32, t=4.127, P=0.002 6), nasal polyp scores (2.20±0.92 vs 4.60±0.84, t=9.000, P<0.01) and the count and percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood were significantly decreased ((94.10±97.78)×10⁹/L vs (360.00±210.80)×10⁹/L, (32.90±27.06)% vs (64.40±20.73)%, t value was 3.678, 2.957, respectively, all P<0.05). NCV (0-5 cm and 0-7 cm) of patients were improved from baseline ((12.62±2.84) cm³ vs (10.40±2.09) cm³, (27.50±14.15) cm³ vs (16.81±6.40) cm³, t value was 2.371, 2.445, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions: The 4-month treatment of Omalizumab can significantly improve the nasal symptoms and quality of life of patients with recurrent CRSwNP complicated with asthma, shrink nasal polyps size and reduce the number of peripheral blood eosinophils. Omalizumab can be used as an alternative therapy for refractory CRSwNP patients in the future.

Near infrared imaging of intracellular GSH by AuNCs@MnO2 core-shell nanoparticles based on the absorption competition mechanism

Dynamically monitoring intracellular glutathione (GSH), a crucial biomarker of oxidative stress, is of significance for the diagnosis and treatment of certain diseases. Although manganese dioxide (MnO2) based GSH fluorescent sensors have exhibited high sensitivity and good selectivity owing to the specific reactivity between GSH and MnO2, near-infrared (NIR) MnO2 based nanoprobes for GSH detection are scarce. Herein, we have developed a NIR activatable fluorescence nanoprobe for the imaging and determination of intracellular GSH based on a core-shell nanoparticle, consisting of NIR emitted gold nanocluster doped silica as the fluorescent core and manganese dioxide as the GSH-responsive shell (named AuNCs@MnO2). Due to the absorption competition mechanism, the outer MnO2 shell rather than the inner AuNCs core preferentially absorbed the excitation light, thus leading to fluorescence quenching of the inner AuNCs core. Upon addition of GSH, the fluorescence of the nanoprobe restored along with the reduction of MnO2 to Mn2+ because of the absorption competition disappearance-induced emission. The activatable fluorescence linearly increased upon changing the GSH concentration in the range of 2 to 5000 μM with a detection limit of 0.67 μM. The cytotoxicity test shows that the AuNCs@MnO2 nanoprobes have a good biocompatibility. After entering the cancer cells, the intracellular GSH degraded the outermost MnO2 shell and initiated the NIR fluorescence restoration of AuNCs, which can be used to monitor the dynamic change of intracellular GSH. This strategy provides an NIR-activatable way to detect GSH levels in living cells and offers a promising platform for the diagnosis and treatment of GSH-related diseases.

Simultaneous detection of mercury (II), lead (II) and silver (I) based on fluorescently labelled aptamer probes and graphene oxide

We have developed a fluorescence quantitative analysis method for the simultaneous detection of Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Ag⁺ based on fluorescently labelled nucleic acid aptamer probes and graphene oxide (GO). By this method, three nucleic acid aptamer probes (P_Hg, P_Pb, P_Ag) were designed. The carboxyl fluorescein (FAM), tetramethyl-6-carboxyrhodamine (TAMRA) and cyanine-5 (Cy-5) were respectively selected as fluorophore of aptamer probes, and GO was chosen as quencher. In general, these probes were on free single-stranded state and adsorbed on the surface of GO via π-π interactions, which brought fluorophores of probes and GO into close proximity. Due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer occurred between fluorophores and GO, the fluorescence was quenched and fluorescence signals were all weak. Under the optimal condition, fluorescence intensities of three fluorophores exhibited a good linear dependence on corresponding ions concentration. The detection limit for Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Ag⁺ were 0.2, 0.5 and 2 nmol/L (3σ, n = 11). Average recoveries of this method were 97.56-104.92%, which indicated the method had a high accuracy and low detection limit. In addition, this proposed method has good selectivity, and there was no crosstalk effect among these probes.

Oncogenic enhancers drive esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis and metastasis

The role of cis-elements and their aberrations remains unclear in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC, further abbreviated EC). Here we survey 28 H3K27ac-marked active enhancer profiles and 50 transcriptomes in primary EC, metastatic lymph node cancer (LNC), and adjacent normal (Nor) esophageal tissues. Thousands of gained or lost enhancers and hundreds of altered putative super-enhancers are identified in EC and LNC samples respectively relative to Nor, with a large number of common gained or lost enhancers. Moreover, these differential enhancers contribute to the transcriptomic aberrations in ECs and LNCs. We also reveal putative driver onco-transcription factors, depletion of which diminishes cell proliferation and migration. The administration of chemical inhibitors to suppress the predicted targets of gained super-enhances reveals HSP90AA1 and PDE4B as potential therapeutic targets for ESCC. Thus, our epigenomic profiling reveals a compendium of reprogrammed cis-regulatory elements during ESCC carcinogenesis and metastasis for uncovering promising targets for cancer treatment.

[Effects of Astragaloside Ⅳ on exosome secretion and its microRNA-126 expression in human endothelial progenitor cells]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Astragaloside Ⅳ on the secretion of exosomes in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-126 in exosomes. Methods: The umbilical cord blood from one healthy full-term newborn from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2019 was harvested for isolating mononuclear cells by density gradient centrifugation and cultured for 7 days. Morphological observation was performed during this period. Cells of the third passage were collected for identification by CD31 immunomagnetic bead sorting and double fluorescence staining. According to the random number table, the identified EPCs were divided into Astragaloside Ⅳ group and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) group. The cells in Astragaloside Ⅳ group were cultured with Astragaloside Ⅳ in final mass concentration of 100 mg/L for 24 hours, and the cells in PBS group were cultured with the same volume of PBS for 24 hours. After culture, the exosomes from the cell culture supernatant of the two groups were collected, and the expressions of characteristic markers of exosomes CD9, CD63, and CD81 were detected by Western blotting, the morphology of EPC exosomes (EPC-Exos) was observed under transmission electron microscope, and the particle size of EPC-Exos was detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis technique. The concentration of EPC-Exos was determined by dioctyl butyric acid method (the sample number was 3), and the expressions of miRNA-126-3p and miRNA-126-5p related to angiogenesis in EPC-Exos were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (the sample number was 3). Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test. Results: (1) On the 4th day of culture, the cells began to adhere to the wall, and the multi-forms such as circle, fusiform, and strip appeared at the same time. On the 7th day of culture, the edge of the cells was clear and arranged like a paving stone, the central cells were round, and the surrounding cells were fusiform. (2) CD31 immunomagnetic beads sorting method identification showed that the membrane was stained with green fluorescence and the nucleus was stained with blue fluorescence. Double fluorescence staining method showed that the cells were orange-yellow. The cells were identified as EPCs. (3) After 24 hours of culture, the expressions of CD9, CD63, and CD81 in EPC-Exos were all positive, confirming that EPC-Exos were extracted successfully in this experiment. (4) After 24 hours of culture, the EPC-Exos of the two groups showed round membrane vesicles, and there was no significant difference in morphology. (5) After 24 hours of culture, the particle size of 98.7% EPC-Exos in Astragaloside Ⅳ group was 84.7 to 143.1 nm, and that of 98.0% EPC-Exos in PBS group was 88.7 to 123.5 nm. (6) After 24 hours of culture, the mass concentration of EPC-Exos in Astragaloside Ⅳ group was (310±5) μg/mL, which was significantly higher than (257±5) μg/mL in PBS group, t=13.369, P<0.01. (7) After 24 hours of culture, there were more miRNA-126-3p (t=16.062, P<0.01) and miRNA-126-5p (t=3.252, P<0.05) in EPC-Exos of Astragaloside Ⅳ group than in PBS group. Conclusions: Astragaloside Ⅳ can improve the function of human EPC secretory exosomes, and the secreted exosomes are loaded with miRNA-126.

MiR-663a, regulated by lncRNA GAS5, contributes to osteosarcoma development through targeting MYL9

Osteosarcoma is characterized by high malignancy and high metastasis rate, resulting in high mortality and disability. MiR-663a has been reported in a variety of tumors to promote tumorigenesis. However, miR-663a has not been reported in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Bioinformatics analysis and experiments including real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), luciferase reporter, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Western blot, RNA immunoprecipitation, and flow cytometry assay were applied to explore the function and mechanism of miR-663a in MG63, U2OS, Saos-2, SF-86, and hFOB1.19 cells. In this study, we found that miR-663a is highly expressed in osteosarcoma. At the same time, we discovered that miR-663a facilitates cell proliferation and migration, whereas suppresses cell apoptosis in osteosarcoma. Through a series of biological experiments, it was found that miR-663a regulates the cellular process in osteosarcoma by modulating the expression of MYL9. In addition, we also found that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 serves as a molecular sponge for miR-663a and regulates the progression of osteosarcoma via the ceRNA mechanism. We uncover that miR-663a promotes osteosarcoma development through targeting MYL9, which was regulated by lncRNA GAS5.

[Clinical application of self-made drainage tubes in different layers of soft tissue for negative-pressure wound therapy in 33 patients]

From January 2014 to June 2018, 28 patients with different types of deep soft tissue injury or infection were admitted to the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University; 5 patients were admitted to the Zhengzhou First People's Hospital. There were 24 males and 9 females, aged 18-89 (40±20) years. Disposable suction tubes with holes cut on side walls were used as self-made drainage tubes. The authors placed the self-made drainage tubes on different deep soft tissue layers and wound surfaces after debridement. The effective drainage sections of the wound surface drainage tubes were wrapped with silver ion antimicrobial functional active dressings. Bio-permeable membrane was used to close the operative area. The drainage tubes in the deep layer of wound and wound surface were connected in parallel by a tee and connected to wall-hanging medical negative-pressure suction device to conduct negative-pressure wound treatment at -20.0 to -10.6 kPa. The deep drainage tubes were usually removed or changed 4 or 5 days after surgery.The drainage tubes in the wound surface were synchronously replaced when removing or replacing he drainage tubes in the deep layer of wound. On 4 to 15 days after surgery, the deep drainage tubes were removed. On 8 to 25 days after surgery, the wound surface drainage tubes were removed. Then the treatment was changed to a conventional dressing change until the wounds were completely healed or the wound bed was ready for skin grafts or tissue flaps. The indwelling time of deep drainage tubes in this group of patients was (6.2±2.8) days, and the indwelling time of wound surface drainage tubes was (12.0±3.0) days. The wound healing time was (22±5) days, the hospital stay time was (29±7) days, and wound bacteria were reduced from 6 species and 11 strains before treatment to 3 species and 4 strains after treatment. No adverse events such as wound bleeding, irritative pain, and chronic sinus occurred during treatment. Twenty-three patients were followed up for 13 to 28 months, no treatment-related complications were observed.

Bimetallic organic framework-based aptamer sensors: a new platform for fluorescence detection of chloramphenicol

A fluorescence method for the quantitative detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) has been developed using phosphate and fluorescent dye 6-carboxy-x-rhodamine (ROX) double-labeled aptamers of CAP and the bimetallic organic framework nanomaterial Cu/UiO-66. Cu/UiO-66 was prepared by coordinate bonding of metal organic framework (MOF) nanomaterial UiO-66 with copper ions. Cu/UiO-66 contains a large number of metal defect sites, which can be combined with phosphate-modified nucleic acid aptamers through strong coordination between phosphate and zirconium to form "fluorescence turn-on" sensors. In the absence of CAP, all single-stranded aptamers were adsorbed on the surface of Cu/UiO-66 through π-π stacking between single-stranded DNA and Cu/UiO-66, which brings the ROX fluorophores and Cu/UiO-66 into close proximity. The ROX fluorescence of aptamers was then quenched by Cu/UiO-66 through photoinduced electron transfer (PET). In the presence of CAP, however, CAP reacted with nucleic acid aptamers to form a special spatial structure, in which the ROX fluorophores were far away from the MOF surface via a change in the spatial structure of the aptamers, and the fluorescence of ROX was able to be recovered. The quantitative detection of CAP can be achieved by measuring the fluorescence signal of ROX using synchronous scanning fluorescence spectrometry. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescence intensities of ROX exhibit a good linear dependence on the concentration of CAP in the range of 0.2-10 nmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.09 nmol/L. The method has advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, and a low limit of detection. Graphical abstract.

Dual-Templating Approaches to Soybeans Milk-Derived Hierarchically Porous Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Biomass derived carbon materials are widely available, cheap and abundant resources. The application of these materials as electrodes for rechargeable batteries shows great promise. To further explore their applications in energy storage fields, the structural design of these materials has been investigated. Hierarchical porous heteroatom-doped carbon materials (HPHCs) with open three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure have been considered as highly efficient energy storage materials. In this work, biomass soybean milk is chosen as the precursor to construct N, O co-doped interconnected 3D porous carbon framework via two approaches by using soluble salts (NaCl/Na2CO3 and ZnCl2/Mg5(OH)2(CO3)4, respectively) as hard templates. The electrochemical results reveal that these structures were able to provide a stable cycling performance (710 mAh ⋅ g-1 at 0.1 A ⋅ g-1 after 300 cycles for HPHC-a, and 610 mAh ⋅ g-1 at 0.1 A ⋅ g-1 after 200 cycles for HPHC-b) in Li-ion battery and Na-ion storage (210 mAh ⋅ g-1 at 0.1 A ⋅ g-1 after 900 cycles for HPHC-a) as anodes materials, respectively. Further comparative studies showed that these improvements in HPHC-a performance were mainly due to the honeycomb-like structure containing graphene-like nanosheets and high nitrogen content in the porous structures. This work provides new approaches for the preparation of hierarchically structured heteroatom-doped carbon materials by pyrolysis of other biomass precursors and promotes the applications of carbon materials in energy storage fields.

The tumor suppressor NOR1 suppresses cell growth, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity in glioma

Oxidored-nitro domain-containing protein 1 (NOR1) is a tumor suppressor downregulated in various human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), lung cancer, and testicular cancer. NOR1 protein is highly expressed in the normal brain; however, its role in brain tumors remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the NOR1 protein level was decreased in glioma tissue samples as compared to its normal counterpart. Exogenously expressed NOR1 protein in glioma U251 cells inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Re-expression of NOR1 induced cell cycle S to G2 phase arrest and suppressed its tumorigenicity in nude mice. Overexpression of NOR1 in U251 cells also led to a decrease of Ki67 expression in xenografts. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that NOR1 expression altered the expression of genes favored cell proliferation. Among the differentially expressed genes, FOXR2, a member of the FOX gene family, which promotes glioma progression, was decreased in NOR1 expressing cells. The downregulation of FOXR2 by NOR1 was validated in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest for the first time that NOR1 suppresses glioma progression via modulating the FOXR2 expression.