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[Expression of NKX2.2 in undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma and its diagnostic value]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 53:80-82. [PMID: 38178753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230728-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
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Asymptomatic norovirus infection during outbreaks in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29393. [PMID: 38235934 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis outbreaks may be caused by the excretion of norovirus (NoV) from asymptomatic individuals. Despite numerous studies involving asymptomatic NoV infection during outbreaks in China, a comprehensive assessment of its role has not been conducted, which is critical for emergency management. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic NoV infection during outbreaks in China. We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Wanfang, and China Weipu, between January 1, 1997 and June 19, 2023. The retrieved articles and their references underwent screening, which utilized polymerase chain reaction-based assays for the detection of NoV in asymptomatic individuals during outbreaks that occurred in China. The primary summary data were the prevalence of asymptomatic NoV infection in outbreaks. We generated pooled estimates of asymptomatic prevalence in the population as a whole and in subgroups by using random-effect models. Of the 97 articles included, the pooled asymptomatic prevalence of NoV among 5117 individuals in outbreaks was 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.1-21.3). The asymptomatic prevalence of NoV GII (17.1%, 95% CI: 12.9-21.5) was similar to that of NoV GI (22.0%, 95% CI: 12.8-32.4). However, the proportion of asymptomatic individuals involved in NoV GII (57.44%) was significantly higher than that of NoV GI (5.12%), and NoV GII (75.26%) was reported much more frequently than NoV GI (14.43%) in the included articles. Meta-regression analysis of 11 possible influencing factors (geographic region, setting, season, sample type, genotype, transmission route, occupation, age, per capita income, study quality, and cases definition) showed that the source of heterogeneity might be related to the outbreak settings, per capita income, and study quality (p = 0.037, 0.058, and 0.026, respectively). Of particular note was the asymptomatic prevalence peaked in preschoolers (27.8%), afterward, it fell into trough in elementary and junior school children (10.5%), before the second peak located in adults (17.8%), and the elderly (25.2%). Prevalent genotypes reported include GII.4, followed by GII.17, GII.2, GII.3, GII.6, and so forth. The estimated asymptomatic prevalence of NoV during outbreaks in China was as high as 17.6%, with NoV GII dominating. In addition, genetic subtypes of NoV in outbreaks should be detected whenever possible. The role of asymptomatic individuals in NoV outbreaks cannot be ignored. This knowledge will help governments develop public health policies and emergency response strategies for outbreaks, assess the burden, and develop vaccines.
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[Radiation-associated sarcomas of bone and soft tissue: a clinicopathological analysis of 46 cases]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:995-1000. [PMID: 37805389 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230305-00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical, imaging, histological, and molecular features and the differential diagnosis of radiation-associated sarcomas of bone and soft tissue. Methods: Forty-six cases of radiation-associated sarcomas of the bone and soft tissue in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2010 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed; and the imaging, histological features and immunophenotype were examined. Results: There were 33 females and 13 males, aged from 18 to 74 years, with a mean of 52 years. The most common site of radiation-associated sarcomas were the limbs and spine (15 cases), followed by the chest (9 cases). The primary diseases included epithelial tumors (15 breast cancer, 6 cervical cancer, and 5 bowel cancer), hematolymphoid tumors, bone and soft tissue tumors and infectious lesions. The latent period of radiation-associated sarcomas ranged from 2-22 years, with an average of 11.6 years. Histopathologically, the morphology was divergent from the primary tumor. The most common malignant tumor type was undifferentiated sarcoma (22 cases), followed by osteosarcoma (16 cases). The immunophenotype of radiation-related sarcoma was almost the same as the corresponding soft tissue sarcoma. Conclusions: Radiation-induced sarcoma has a wide range of primary tumor types and its imaging, morphology and immunohistochemical features are similar to those of the primary sarcoma of bone and soft tissue. Clinical correlation is often recommended for the differential diagnosis.
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[Intravascular lesions of the limb: a clinicopathological analysis]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:721-723. [PMID: 37408405 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221017-00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
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[Development of an asthenopia survey questionnaire for general surveys]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 59:452-459. [PMID: 37264575 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220712-00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To design a visual fatigue questionnaire that can be used for population surveys. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved three stages of subjects' recruitment. In the first stage, by convenience sampling, 150 individuals who complained of visual fatigue were selected at public places in Wenzhou City in May 2016. The 19-Item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire (ASQ-19) was used to conduct the survey, and the questionnaire was adjusted. In the second stage, 200 outpatient participants were recruited from Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Eye and Optometry Hospital from June 2016 to May 2017 and were divided into a visual fatigue group and a control group based on clinical diagnosis. The adjusted visual fatigue questionnaire was used for validation. In the third stage, 64 outpatient participants who met the inclusion criteria were continuously recruited from the Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Eye and Optometry Hospital in July 2022. They were tested using the adjusted visual fatigue questionnaire and retested one week later. During the questionnaire adjustment stage, factor analysis and feedback were used to adjust the scoring method and items of the ASQ-19 questionnaire. The adjusted questionnaire was then analyzed for reliability, validity, accuracy, and subject acceptance during the validation and retest stages. Results: A total of 403 participants were included, and 456 questionnaires were distributed. Eventually, 432 valid questionnaires were collected from 379 participants, resulting in a valid response rate of 94.7%. During the questionnaire adjustment phase, there were 140 valid questionnaires from 140 participants consisting of 56 males and 84 females with an average age of (35.2±12.4) years. In the questionnaire validation phase, there were 186 valid questionnaires from 186 participants. Sixty-two participants had visual fatigue and 124 were controls. During the questionnaire retesting phase, 53 participants yielded 106 valid questionnaires. The group consisted of 20 males and 33 females with an average age of (22.8±4.9) years. After factor analysis, the symptom severity graded as none, mild, moderate, severe, and very severe was scored as 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 points, respectively. The total score was 44, and the final questionnaire consisted of 11 items (numbered 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 17, 18, and 19). The 11-Item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire (ASQ-11) had a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.89, a split-half reliability of 0.82, and a test-retest Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.90 (P<0.001). The structural validity was 51.26%, and the discriminative validity was a t-value of 9.19 (P<0.001). On average, it took (2.82±0.43) minutes for participants to complete the questionnaire. The receiver operating characteristic curve had a cutoff value of 8.5, with a sensitivity of 74.19% and a specificity of 80.65%. Conclusion: The ASQ-11, with fewer items and a shorter completion time, is easy for participants to use and is suitable for screening or self-assessment of visual fatigue in the general population. Additionally, it is convenient for clinical and epidemiological studies related to visual fatigue.
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[Pediatric myofibroma/myofibromatosis of the soft tissue and bone: a clinicopathological analysis of 28 cases]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:147-152. [PMID: 36748135 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221017-00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pediatric myofibroma/myofibromatosis of the soft tissue and bone. Methods: All cases of pediatric myofibroma/myofibromatosis of the soft tissue and bone diagnosed between January 2011 and December 2018 were retrieved from the surgical pathology records in the Department of Pathology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China. Clinical and radiological data were collected. H&E and immunohistochemistry were used to examine histological and immunophenotypic features and to make the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The relevant literature was also reviewed. Results: Twenty-eight cases of pediatric myofibroma/myofibromatosis of the soft tissue and bone were respectively collected. The patients' ages ranged from 2 months to 14 years, with a mean age of 7 years. There were 7 females and 21 males. There were 12 cases located in soft tissue, including the finger (n=9), upper arm (n=1) and foot (n=2). There were 14 cases located in the bone of limb, including the femur (n=8), tibia (n=4), clavicle (n=2), fibula (n=2) and radius (n=1). There were 2 cases of myofibromatosis involving multiple bones. Radiology showed lytic lesions in the bone. The proliferation of spindle-shaped myofibroblasts arranged in fascicles with indistinct eosinophilic cytoplasm and bland nuclei, with no pleomorphism and cytological atypia. The characteristic histologic structure was the biphasic nodular growth pattern with cellular and paucicellular regions. The tumors might arrange in a hemangiopericytoma-like pattern. The stroma varied between dense fibrosis and myxoid changes. The reactive new bone formation and inflammatory cell infiltration also existed. Immunohistochemical study showed that the SMA was positive. The surgical resections were performed. One of the patients had tumor recurrence as a result of 11-month follow-up. Conclusions: The pediatric myofibroma/myofibromatosis of the soft tissue and bone is a very rare benign tumor and has a good prognosis. It has a characteristic morphology and its differential diagnosis from other spindle cell tumors could be made with the immunohistochemical analysis.
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[Primary YAP1-TFE3-fused epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of bone: a clinicopathological analysis of two cases]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:43-45. [PMID: 36617905 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221005-00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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[The diagnostic value of CCNB3 and BCOR expression in BCOR-CCNB3 sarcoma]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 51:1235-1239. [PMID: 36480832 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220920-00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of expression of CCNB3 and BCOR in BCOR-CCNB3 sarcoma (BCS). Methods: Fifteen cases of BCS confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and/or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from January 2014 to October 2021 at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were collected. Immunohistochemical EnVision method was used to detect the expression of CCNB3 and BCOR in 15 cases of BCS and in 65 non-BCS tumors (54 cases of Ewing's sarcoma, 5 cases of CIC rearranged sarcoma, 4 cases of synovial sarcoma, 1 case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and 1 case of soft tissue clear cell sarcoma). Results: Immunohistochemical staining for CCNB3 revealed strongly diffuse nuclear staining in 14 of 15 (14/15) BCS cases, whereas none of the 65 non-BCS tumors showed any staining. Immunohistochemical staining for BCOR showed strongly diffuse nuclear staining in 11 (11/14) BCS cases; seven of the 65 (7/65, 10.8%) non-BCS tumors showed variable staining (five cases of Ewing sarcoma, one cases of synovial sarcoma, and one case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma). The sensitivity and specificity of CCNB3 in diagnosing BCS were 93.3% and 100% and these of BCOR were 78.6% and 89.2%, respectively. Conclusions: CCNB3 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for BCS.The antibody may help screening BCS.
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Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is prevalent around the world and is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is typically diagnosed from tissue biopsy sections by pathologists who rely on their empirical experience. Deep learning models may improve the accuracy and speed of image classification, thus reducing human error and workload. Here we developed a custom-made deep learning model to assist pathologists in detecting OSCC from histopathology images. We collected and analyzed a total of 2,025 images, among which 1,925 images were included in the training set and 100 images were included in the testing set. Our model was able to automatically evaluate these images and arrive at a diagnosis with a sensitivity of 0.98, specificity of 0.92, positive predictive value of 0.924, negative predictive value of 0.978, and F1 score of 0.951. Using a subset of 100 images, we examined whether our model could improve the diagnostic performance of junior and senior pathologists. We found that junior pathologists were able to delineate OSCC in these images 6.26 min faster when assisted by the model than when working alone. When the clinicians were assisted by the model, their average F1 score improved from 0.9221 to 0.9566 in the case of junior pathologists and from 0.9361 to 0.9463 in the case of senior pathologists. Our findings indicate that deep learning can improve the accuracy and speed of OSCC diagnosis from histopathology images.
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[Dedifferentiated adamantinoma: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 51:234-236. [PMID: 35249289 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211028-00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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[The H3.3 K36M mutation protein expression of H3.3 in chondroblastoma: a novel diagnostic biomarker]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 50:242-244. [PMID: 33677889 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201126-00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 50:63-65. [PMID: 33396990 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200522-00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Comparing responses of dairy cows to short-term and long-term heat stress in climate-controlled chambers. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:2346-2356. [PMID: 33272576 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) in dairy cows can be classified into short-term heat stress (STHS) and long-term heat stress (LTHS) according to the number of consecutive days in HS. The comparative study of these 2 types of HS is limited in terms of their effects on the production and energy metabolism of cows. In this study, 4 lactating Holstein cows (102.5 ± 12 days in milk, 605 ± 22 kg of body weight, second parity) fitted with rumen fistulae were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups in a 2 × 2 crossover design and allocated to 1 of 2 climate-controlled chambers. This study contained 2 periods, each with a control phase and a HS phase. There was a recovery phase between 2 periods. The HS phase comprised either STHS (3 d) or LTHS (7 d) treatments. Data collected from the 3 d of STHS and the last 3 d of LTHS were compared. The chambers were set at thermal neutral conditions (20°C, 50% humidity) during the control and recovery phases or cyclical HS conditions (26-38°C, 50% humidity) during the HS phase. Compared with STHS, LTHS decreased milk yield by 17.2% and dry matter intake by 12.6%, indicating that LTHS caused a more severe decline in milk production and feed intake. In addition, LTHS decreased milk protein concentration by 6.8% and milk protein yield by 22.4%. In comparison with STHS, LTHS decreased rumen liquor volatile fatty acid (29.7%), blood glucose (11.6%), and nonesterified fatty acid (13.6%) concentrations, but increased milk urea nitrogen by 15.1%, blood urea nitrogen by 8.6%, and creatine concentrations by 15.4%. Our results suggest that although reduced feed intake may be mainly responsible for reduced milk production during STHS, impaired rumen metabolism and suppressed mobilization of adipose tissue could be the main reasons for further reduction in milk yield during LTHS.
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[The malignant transformation after denosumab-treated giant cell tumor of bone and the H3F3A mutation syndrome]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 49:1177-1179. [PMID: 33152826 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200221-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Juvenile anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive large B-cell lymphoma with multi-bone involvement: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 49:949-951. [PMID: 32892567 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200113-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Primary intraosseous Rosai-Dorfman disease: a clinicopathological analysis of fourteen cases]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 49:904-909. [PMID: 32892555 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20191202-00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, histogenesis, immunophenotypes and molecular genetic features of primary intraosseous Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) for improving diagnostic accuracy and differential diagnosis. Methods: This retrospective study included 14 RDD cases diagnosed from January 2009 to January 2019 at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, China. The immunohistochemical staining for S-100, cyclin D1, CD1a and CD207 expression was analyzed. The BRAF V600E and KRAS mutation analyses were performed using the Scorpions amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results: There were 6 female and 8 male patients, aged from 2 to 64 years (mean 31.4 years). All of the 14 cases occurred in the bone without lymph node disease, while one patient developed additional lesions within vertebra and nasal cavity. Radiographically, the lesions were lytic with sclerotic margins. Histologically, the lesions percolated through the medullary cavity in an infiltrative fashion and alternating hyper- and hypo-cellular regions of histiocytic clusters (seen as alternating dark and light zones at low magnification). Large histiocytes also showed emperipolesis. Some cases had areas of fibrosis and dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. There were vasculitis and an increased number of plasma cells in the cases involving multiple sites. One case showed concurrence of RDD and Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH) with inconspicuous increase of Langerhans histiocytes. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the large histiocytes were positive for S-100, CD68 and CD163 in all cases. The nuclear immunoreactivity for cyclin D1 was observed in 13 of the 14 cases. S-100, CD1a and CD207 were positive in the case with concurrence of RDD and LCH. ARMS-PCR results showed that BRAF V600E mutation was observed in the cases with concurrence of RDD and LCH, while there were no KRAS mutations (7/7). Follow-up information was available for 12 patients and ranged from 9 to 49 months. Three of the 12 patients experienced recurrences after the first surgery. Conclusions: Primary intraosseous RDD is rare, and its concurrence with LCH is a very rare phenomenon. Its clinical symptoms, imaging, and pathological manifestations need to be distinguished from other bone lesions. The molecular detection of BRAF V600E and the nuclear expression of cyclin D1 mutations can be used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of RDD.
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Corrigendum to "'Heme oxygenase-1 induction by methylene blue protects RAW264.7 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury" [Biochem Pharmacol 148 (2018) 265-277]. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114131. [PMID: 32652335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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[Long-term observation of morphological changes of the inner retinal after internal limiting membrane peeling in macular hole surgery]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2019; 55:747-756. [PMID: 31607063 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of morphological changes of inner retinal layer after internal limiting membrane peeling in macular hole surgery. Methods: Retrospective case study. Patients with idiopathic macular hole from 2015 to 2018 underwent vitrectomy+internal limiting membrane peeling (inverting)+ gas tamponade in China-Japan Friendship Hospital were investigated. A total of 19 eyes (17 patients) were enrolled, including 4 males (4 eyes) and 13 females (15 eyes). The average age was 62.74±5.25 years. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to obtain the topographic maps of retinal thickness, the thickness of retinal ganglion cell complex and probability maps, and the Angio/en-face maps of macular retina. The characteristics of the morphological changes of the inner retinal were comprehensively analyzed. Results: Among 19 eyes, 9 eyes had internal limiting membrane peeling, 8 eyes had lotus-like internal limiting membrane inverting, and 2 eyes had the uper180 degrees internal limiting membrane inverting. The minimum diameter of macular hole was (543.06+220.17) μm and the maximum diameter was (947.18+319.12) μm. The follow-up time was (21.05+9.66) months, and the visual acuity was 0.45+0.35 at the last follow-up. In the 19 eyes, all the macular holes were closed postoperatively and dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance (DONFL) and concentric macular dark spots (CMDS) all showed, as well as mGCC thinning. The changes of CMDS and mGCC in 2 eyes in the uper180 degrees internal limiting membrane inverting group were mainly seen in the upper retina and in the remaining 17 eyes were seen diffused around the macula, which roughly corresponded to the extent of internal limiting membrane peeling. Two eyes showed clear decrease of retinal capillary density on Angio/map. Conclusions: Long-term morphological changes of the inner retinal after internal limiting membrane peeling in macular hole surgery are obvious. In addition to the appearance changes like DONFL and CMDS, the macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) is also involved. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2019, 55:747-756).
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[Dedifferentiated chordoma of sacrococcygeal region: a clinicopathologic analysis and review of literature]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 47:349-353. [PMID: 29783801 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinicopathologic features of dedifferentiated chordoma. Methods: Four cases of dedifferentiated chordoma of sacrococcygeal region were collected at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, from 2009 to 2014. HE and immunohistochemistry (EnVision method) were used to observe the clinical, radiological and histological features of dedifferentiated chordoma and to make the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The literature was reviewed. Results: Four cases of dedifferentiated chordoma were all located in the sacrococcygeal region. The mean age at diagnosis was 57 years (range 49-64 years). There were 1 female and 3 males. Histologically, there were two components of conventional chordoma and dedifferentiated sarcoma with or without transitional area between them. The histology of dedifferentiated components includes undifferentiated sarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Immunohistochemical study showed that cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, S-100, Brachyury were positive in the portion of chordoma while p53 were positive in the portion of undifferentiated sarcoma. INI1 and vimentin were both positive. Conclusions: The dedifferentiated chordoma is very rare. The diagnosis should combine the histological characters and immunohistochemical results and should be differentiated from the sarcomatoid chordoma, poorly differentiated chordoma and other high grade sarcoma. p53 may play a role in the malignant transformation mechanism of chordoma.
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[Analysis of adverse reaction induced by articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection in 75 cases]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 53:107-110. [PMID: 29429229 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the causes and clinical manifestation of adverse reaction of articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the adverse drug reactions (ADR) of local anesthetic articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection. Results: In 75 cases of adverse reactions, there were 40 cases of female and 35 cases of male. Adverse reactions occured more frequently at the age of 3-10 [33% (25/75)] and 1-10 min and one day after injection, respectively accounting for 20% (15/75), and two days, accounting for 15% (15/75), 10-21 days accounting for 8% (6/75). The main manifestations were injection site ulcers, followed by skin reactions such as pain, swelling, necrosis and pruritus at the injection site. Conclusions: The main adverse reactions of articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection are the injection site ulceration, followed by injection site pain, rash, pruritus and drowsiness, nausea and dizziness, palpitations, sweat and hypotension. Doctors should ask the medical history in detail and pay close attention to the patient's medication safety.
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[Clinical observation on the evolution process of macular ganglion cell complex and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer of neuritis patients]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018; 54:62-68. [PMID: 29429289 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss the dynamic changes and correlation of macular ganglion cell (mGCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) of neuritis patients through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: A retrospective case series study. Eleven eyes from 11 patients who have been diagnosed with neuritis and received regular follow-up during June 2013 through June 2015 were included. The dynamic characteristic changes of mGCC and pRNFL over the course of disease, as well as their correlations between best visual acuity and visual field have been analyzed based on OCT measurements. Results: According to the observation on the 11 eyes of the 11 patients, patients showed symptoms of decreased vision, abnormal visual field, swollen mGCC and pRNFL with normal or increased thickness during the subnormal period. During the advance-separation period (around 3 weeks), the thickness of mGCC decreased resulting from atrophy while pRNFL was still swollen. Druing the late period (usually 6-8 weeks after onset of the disease), both mGCC and pRNFL were getting thinner due to atrophy. Vision acuity and visual field of the patients improved after treatment, however, they were still not comparable with the normal level before the disease. Conclusions: The thickness changes of mGCC and pRNFL differs in neuritis patients over time. OCT can help us in detecting these changes, thus provide a foundation for us to further explore the treatment and anatomical changes of neuritis patients. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 62-68).
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A two-step method for identification of the Chinese glutinous rice Suyunuo, based on ISSR-SCAR and allele-specific markers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr8663. [PMID: 27808362 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15048663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Suyunuo is a valuable glutinous rice variety cultivated mainly in the Lake Taihu area of China. Historically, Suyunuo was presented to emperors as a tribute, and, still today, enjoys a great reputation in China. This study aimed to develop a unique, specific molecular marker for the identification of Suyunuo rice. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers was performed on Suyunuo and 11 other glutinous rice varieties that are mainly cultivated in the Yangtze River Delta region. A Suyunuo-specific band was detected in the PCR products generated from primer ISSR-807. A sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primer pair targeting a Suyunuo-specific band was subsequently designed. The SCAR primers amplified a target band in all individuals of Suyunuo and in four glutinous indica varieties, whereas no bands were found in the seven glutinous japonica varieties. Subsequently, sequences amplified by the SCAR primer pair were analyzed to facilitate the design of Suyunuo allele-specific primers. The allele-specific primer pair produced target bands in all individuals of Suyunuo rice but no bands in individuals of any of the other 11 rice varieties. This study provides a theoretical guideline for rice germplasm identification and innovation of other valuable rice landraces.
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[Utility of inferior turbinate mucosal flap on the repairing defects of palate after tumor excision]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2016; 30:1329-1330. [PMID: 29797983 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.16.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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Analysis of genetic diversity of Brassica rapa var. chinensis using ISSR markers and development of SCAR marker specific for Fragrant Bok Choy, a product of geographic indication. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr7557. [PMID: 27173238 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-heading Chinese cabbage [Brassica rapa var. chinensis (Linnaeus) Kitamura] is a popular vegetable and is also used as a medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine. Fragrant Bok Choy is a unique accession of non-heading Chinese cabbage and a product of geographic indication certified by the Ministry of Agriculture of China, which is noted for its rich aromatic flavor. However, transitional and overlapping morphological traits can make it difficult to distinguish this accession from other non-heading Chinese cabbages. This study aimed to develop a molecular method for efficient identification of Fragrant Bok Choy. Genetic diversity analysis, based on inter-simple sequence repeat molecular markers, was conducted for 11 non-heading Chinese cabbage accessions grown in the Yangtze River Delta region. Genetic similarity coefficients between the 11 accessions ranged from 0.5455 to 0.8961, and the genetic distance ranged from 0.0755 to 0.4475. Cluster analysis divided the 11 accessions into two major groups. The primer ISSR-840 amplified a fragment specific for Fragrant Bok Choy. A pair of specific sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers based on this fragment amplified a target band in Fragrant Bok Choy individuals, but no band was detected in individuals of other accessions. In conclusion, this study has developed an efficient strategy for authentication of Fragrant Bok Choy. The SCAR marker described here will facilitate the conservation and utilization of this unique non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasm resource.
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Transcriptomic analysis of Camellia ptilophylla and identification of genes associated with flavonoid and caffeine biosynthesis. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:18731-42. [PMID: 26782523 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Camellia ptilophylla, or cocoa tea, is naturally decaffeinated and its predominant catechins and purine alkaloids are trans-catechins and theobromine Regular tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.] is evolutionarily close to cocoa tea and produces cis-catechins and caffeine. Here, the transcriptome of C. ptilophylla was sequenced using the 101-bp paired-end technique. The quality of the raw data was assessed to yield 70,227,953 cleaned reads totaling 7.09 Gbp, which were assembled de novo into 56,695 unique transcripts and then clustered into 44,749 unigenes. In catechin biosynthesis, leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) catalyzes the transition of leucoanthocyanidin to trans-catechins, while anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) catalyze cis-catechin production. Our data demonstrate that two LAR genes (CpLAR1 and CpLAR2) by C. ptilophylla may be advantageous due to the combined effects of this quantitative trait, permitting increased leucoanthocyanidin consumption for the synthesis of trans-catechins. In contrast, the only ANS gene observed in C. sinensis (CsANS) shared high identity (99.2%) to one homolog from C. ptilophylla (CpANS1), but lower identity (~80%) to another (CpANS2). We hypothesized that the diverged CpANS2 might have lost its ability to synthesize cis-catechins. C. ptilophylla and C. sinensis each contain two copies of ANR, which share high identity and may share the same function. Transcriptomic sequencing captured two N-methyl nucleosidase genes named NMT1 and NMT2. NMT2 was highly identical to three orthologous genes TCS2, PCS2, and ICS2, which did not undergo methylation in vitro; in contrast, NMT1 was less identical to TCS, PCS and ICS, indicating that NMT1 may undergo neofunctionalization.
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Applying DNA barcodes for identification of economically important species in Brassicaceae. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:15050-61. [PMID: 26634467 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.24.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Brassicaceae is a large plant family of special interest; it includes many economically important crops, herbs, and ornamentals, as well as model organisms. The taxonomy of the Brassicaceae has long been controversial because of the poorly delimited generic boundaries and artificially circumscribed tribes. Despite great effort to delimitate species and reconstruct the phylogeny of Brassicaceae, little research has been carried out to investigate the applicability and effectiveness of different DNA regions as barcodes - a recent aid for taxonomic identification - to identify economically important species in Brassicaceae. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of five intensively recommended regions [rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), ITS2] as candidate DNA barcodes to discriminate economic species of Brassicaceae in China and try to establish a new digital identification method for economic plants of Brassicaceae. All sequences of 58 samples from 27 economic species (Brassicaceae) in China were assessed in the success rates of PCR amplifications, intra- and inter-specific divergence, DNA barcoding gaps, and efficiency of identification. Compared with other markers, ITS showed superiority in species discrimination with an accurate identification of 67.2% at the species level. Consequently, as one of the most popular phylogenetic markers, our study indicated that ITS was a powerful but not perfect barcode for Brassicaceae identification. We further discuss the discrimination power of different loci due to inheritance pattern, polyploidization and hybridization in species-specific evolution. Further screening of other nuclear genes related to species isolation as plant barcode candidates is also proposed.
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Effect of glycated hemoglobin on heart function of the patients with revascularization of coronary artery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:7181-7188. [PMID: 26261612 PMCID: PMC4525946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) had higher mortality rates than those without diabetes. There were limited data comparing the cardiac and metabolic differences between diabetes and non-diabetes for CABG and PCI and about impact of pre-procedure GHb level on systolic heart function in patients with diabetes. AIMS To explore the cardio-metabolic differences and to evaluate their potential as significant risk factors. SUBJECTS AND METHOD 124 patients with diabetes and 170 patients without diabetes were enrolled. Coronary lesions (≥ 70% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery) were documented by angiography. Patients with diabetes were divided into different groups by GHb, Coronary lesions (≥ 70% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery) were documented by angiography. CABG and PCI were performed for all the patients. Cardio-metabolic risk factors before revascularization were compared between them. RESULTS Diabetics with GHb ≥ 8% had lower cardiac ejection fraction (EF) values than those with GHb<8% (P<0.05) or patients without diabetes (P<0.05). And count of vascular lesions between the groups was not statistically significant. Observed EF as a dependent variable negatively correlated to GHb levels (P<0.05). The levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA1c) rose with increased fasted blood glucose (FBG) values (P<0.001). Even with treatment for hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, overall levels of fasting blood sugar (FBG, P<0.001), GHbA1c (P<0.001), and triglycerides (TG, P<0.05) in patients with diabetes were still higher than those without diabetes respectively. CONCLUSION Poorer glucose control with GHb ≥ 8% and decreased systolic heart function are significant risk factors that potentially contribute to worse prognosis for CABG or PCI treatment. Elevated levels of FBG, GHbA1c, and TG are evident for patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes prior to revascularization.
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Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from aerial yam (Dioscorea bulbifera L.). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:1514-7. [PMID: 24668625 DOI: 10.4238/2014.march.12.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorea bulbifera L. is widely distributed in pantropical regions along the equator. The taxonomic treatment of this species is ambiguous due to its extreme polymorphic morphological characters. In order to provide tools to facilitate the study of genetic diversity, population structure, patterns of gene flow, and the mating system of this species, and to assess intraspecific variability and relationships in D. bulbifera, 14 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed using the dual-suppression PCR technique. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 17, with an average of 9.93. The mean observed heterozygosities were 0.7327 and 0.7223, and the mean Shannon-Wiener indices were 1.6431 and 1.811 in the Nanjing and Nanchong populations, respectively. All novel microsatellite loci showed high levels of polymorphism, indicating that these markers offer great potential significance and profound influence for future studies of this species.
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Isolation and characterization of microsatellite DNA loci for wild Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:5392-5. [PMID: 24301911 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.8.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Wild Brassica juncea is a widespread weed in China with increasingly great impact on the yield of many crops. This study aimed to develop microsatellite markers for assessing the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of B. juncea, and to provide basic information for biological and chemical control of the weed. The compound microsatellite marker technique was used to develop markers for investigating population genetics of wild B. juncea. Twelve loci were obtained, each of which showed high polymorphisms when tested in two populations in Sichuan and Jiangsu Provinces. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 27, with an average of 15.2 alleles per locus. The newly developed microsatellite loci will be informative for further investigations of the population genetics and evolutionary patterns of wild B. juncea.
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DNA barcoding of populations of Fallopia multiflora, an indigenous herb in China. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:4078-89. [PMID: 24089097 DOI: 10.4238/2013.september.27.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fallopia multiflora, locally known as Heshouwu, is one of the most important and widely used Chinese medicinal herbs. However, there is still considerable confusion concerning its different provenances. DNA barcoding is a recent aid to taxonomic identification and uses a short standardized DNA region to discriminate plant species. We assessed the applicability of 4 candidate DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and ITS2) to identify populations of F. multiflora. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt involving the plant kingdom to apply DNA barcoding at a level lower than species. Four DNA loci (matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and ITS2) of 105 samples, including the wild F. multiflora distributed in 17 provinces of China and 4 cultivated F. multiflora lines, were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The 4 loci were evaluated by PCR amplification for sequence quality, extent of genetic divergence, DNA barcoding gap, and the ability to discriminate between populations by BLAST1 and Nearest Distance. We found that psbA-trnH was the best barcode, with significant inter-population variability and best potential for identifying F. multiflora. The combination of loci gave better performance for distinguishing populations than a single locus. We recommend using matK + rbcL + psbA-trnH + ITS2 or psbA-trnH alone for this species. This research demonstrates the utility of DNA barcoding for geoherbalism identifications.
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Distribution of androgen and oestrogen receptors-α in the seminal vesicle-related spinal neurones in male rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:547-59. [PMID: 23414238 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The seminal vesicles are male accessory sex glands that contribute much of the seminal fluid volume. Previous studies have suggested that the majority of autonomic innervations to the rat seminal vesicles originate from the bilateral major pelvic ganglia. Many preganglionic autonomic neurones innervating the pelvic ganglion were expressed androgen receptors (AR) or oestrogen receptor (ER)-α immunoreactivity. However, direct neuroanatomic data regarding the distribution of AR and ER-α in seminal vesicle related-spinal neurones are lacking. In the present study, a nonvirulent pseudorabies virus (PRV-152 strain) was used in a retrograde tracing experiment. Four days after PRV injection into the seminal vesicles of male rats, spinal cord sections were prepared. Double- and triple-fluorescence techniques using AR and ER-α with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and PRV were used to investigate the AR and ER-α distribution in the seminal vesicles related spinal neurones in male rats. In lamina X, 14% of the PRV-labelled neurones in the L1-L4 segments and 43% in the L5-S1 segments were double-labelled with AR. In the L1-L4 segments, 6% of PRV-labelled neurones and 26% in the L5-S1 segments were double-labelled with ER-α. In the intermedial cell column area, 10% of PRV-labelled neurones in the L1-L4 segments and 47% of PRV-labelled neurones in the L5-S1 segments were double-labelled with AR. Up to 16% of PRV-labelled neurones in the L5-S1 segments were double-labelled with ER-α. No PRV-labelled neurones in the L1-L4 segments were double-labelled with ER-α. However, for the AR and ER-α/PRV/ChAT triple-fluorescence experiments, very few seminal vesicle preganglionic neurones expressed AR or ER-α. Our data suggests that many spinal interneurones but not preganglionic neurones involved in the seminal vesicle control in male rats were double-labelled with AR or ER-α, and they were mainly located at the parasympathetic level in the spinal cord.
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Evaluation of long-term bowel function in patients with Hirschsprung's disease after different radical operations. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2491-2495. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i23.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the long-term bowel function in patients with Hirschsprung's disease after different radical operations by analyzing postoperative subjective and objective indicators.
METHODS: A total of 220 children with Hirschsprung's disease who underwent modified Soave operation, improved Swenson operation or modified Duhamel operation at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from June 1992 to April 2008 were included in this study. The bowel function in these patients at 3, 6 and 24 mo after operation was evaluated.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of long-term bowel dysfunction was lower and its appearance was earlier in children undergoing improved Soave operation than in those undergoing improved Swenson operation or modified Duhamel operation (23.8% vs 46.7%, 40.8%, all P < 0.05) though no significant difference was noted in the overall incidence of long-term bowel dysfunction between the latter two groups. When the resection length was less than 35 cm, the overall incidence of long-term bowel dysfunction was significantly lower in children undergoing modified Soave operation than in the other two groups of patients (both P < 0.05). However, when the resection length was more than 35 cm, no significant differences were noted in the overall incidence of long-term bowel dysfunction among the three groups of patients. Surgical procedure showed no correlation with anorectal manometric pressure and anal canal length measured during barium enema examination at 2 years after surgery. However, the anorectal angle at 2 years after surgery was narrower in patients undergoing modified Soave operation than in the other two groups of patients (both P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Improved Soave operation is superior to improved Swenson operation and modified Duhamel operation in improving long-term bowel function in patients with Hirschsprung's disease. The longer the length of bowel resected, the higher the incidence of bowel dysfunction.
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[Construction of an infectious clone of pseudorabies virus strain ZJ genome maintained as a bacterial artificial chromosome]. BING DU XUE BAO = CHINESE JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY 2010; 26:330-335. [PMID: 20836388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
pHA2 plasmid sequence,with Bacterial Artificial Chromosome(BAC) vector and the GFP expression cassette, was introduced into the UL23(TK) gene of Pseudorabies virus(PRV)strain ZJ by homologous recombination,and the recombinant PRV (rPRV-HA2) was confirmed and isolated by plaque purification. The circular genome of rPRV-HA2 was electroporated into Escherichia coli strain DH10B and then the PRV BAC (pPRV) was recovered. The transfection of pPRV into VeroE6 cells resulted in productive infection. The rescued virus isolated following transfection was indistinguishable from rPRV-HA2 in cytopathic effects (CPE) and replication curve in vitro. The growth kinetics of the viruses indicated that partial deletion of TK gene and BAC vector insertion had no effect on the viral titre and plaque size in vitro. The PRV BAC system will enable quick and reliable manipulation of the viral genome for the functional investigation on the PRV genes and the development of PRV vector in vaccine.
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Serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT5A receptors are expressed by different motoneuron populations in rat Onuf's nucleus. J Comp Neurol 2007; 502:620-34. [PMID: 17394137 DOI: 10.1002/cne.21344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Motoneurons of Onuf's nucleus innervate the pelvic striated muscles, which play a crucial role in erection, ejaculation, and urinary continence. Serotonergic descending projections from the brain are involved in the modulation of Onuf's motoneuron activity. However, conflicting results regarding the effects of spinal serotonin (5-HT) on pelvi-perineal functions have been reported. They may be partly accounted for by the multiplicity of neuronal targets and receptor subtypes on which 5-HT is acting. In order to provide comparative data regarding 5-HT receptor expression in various groups of Onuf's motoneurons, we used retrograde tracing techniques from different pelvic muscles combined with immunocytochemistry of 5-HT2A and 5-HT5A receptors in male and female rats. In males, 5-HT2A receptor immunolabeling was very dense in motoneurons innervating the ischiocavernosus muscle. By contrast, in female rats, 5-HT2A receptor expression in Onuf's nucleus was very weak. In both genders, 5-HT5A receptor immunoreactivity was found in motoneurons innervating the external urethral sphincter. In males, a moderate or low 5-HT5A immunolabeling was observed in motoneurons innervating the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles, respectively. These data show a preferential localization of 5-HT2A and 5-HT5A receptors to motoneurons controlling the striated muscles located at the penile crus and sphincter muscles, respectively, suggesting a specific serotoninergic control on different pelvic functions. In addition, the subcellular distribution of receptors suggests a different mode of action of 5-HT, paracrine at 5-HT2A receptors and synaptic at 5-HT5A receptors. This might have implications for pharmacological research targeting different pelvic functions e.g., micturition and ejaculation.
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[Heat shock protein 70 and stimulation induced by +Gz]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2001; 14:460-4. [PMID: 11887900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
High sustained +Gz acceleration produced by modern high performance aircrafts can induce brain damage because of ischemia and hypoxia. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is one of the proteins broadly exist in organisms. The expression of HSP70 is an important reaction in the brain, and it has close relationship with brain ischemic injury. Now, the common view thinks that the expression of HSP70 during stimulation can protect nerve cells. This paper reviewed the biologic characteristics of HSP70 and the protective effect of HSP70 on nerve cells after brain ischemia. Also, the relationship of HSP70 expression and exposure value of +Gz were discussed.
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[Variety of lower body negative pressure tolerance after different repeated lower body negative pressure exposures]. ZHONGGUO YING YONG SHENG LI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO YINGYONG SHENGLIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 2001; 17:388-391. [PMID: 21207709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the variety of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) tolerance after different repeated lower body negative pressure exposures and select the best one. METHODS 27 health male subjects were divided into 3 groups at random and exposed in 8 consecutive daily LBNP of -5.33 kPa 8 min (group A), -6.67 kPa 4 min (group B), - 6.67 kPa 8 min (group C) respectively. Pre- and post- exposures, lower body negative pressure tolerance were measured. HR and BP are recorded during exposures. RESULTS As compared with pre-exposure, Cumulative Stress Index (CSI) and During Negative Pressure(DNP) of group C are increased significantly after repeated LBNP exposures. During exposures HR increased and SBP decreased significantly. DBP did not change. CONCLUSION LBNP tolerance were increased significantly after eight consecutive daily LBNP (- 6.67kPa) exposures. Among the three modes, this is the best one.
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Abstract
AIM: To explore the kinetic changes in plasma D(-)-lactate and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and investigate whether D(-)-lactate could be used as a marker of intestinal injury in rats following gut ischemia/reperfusion, burn, and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).
METHODS: Three models were developed in rats: ① gut ischemia/reperfusion obtained by one hour of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by reperfusion; ② severe burn injury created by 30% of total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness scald burn; and ③ ANP induced by continuous inverse infusion of sodium taurocholate and trypsin into main pancreatic duct. Plasma levels of D(-)-lactate in systemic circulation and LPS in portal circulation were measured by enzymatic-spectrophotometric method and limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test kit, respectively. Tissue samples of intestine were taken for histological analysis.
RESULTS: One hour gut ischemia followed by reperfusion injuries resulted in a significant elevation in plasma D(-)-lactate and LPS levels, and there was a significant correlation between the plasma D(-)-lactate and LPS (r = 0.719, P < 0.05). The plasma concentrations of D(-)-lactate and LPS increased significantly at 6 h postburn, and there was also a remarkable correlation between them (r = 0.877, P < 0.01). D(-)-lactate and LPS levels elevated significantly at 2 h after ANP, with a similar significant correlation between the two levels (r = 0.798, P < 0.01). The desquamation of intestine villi and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria were observed in all groups.
CONCLUSION: The changes of plasma D(-)-lactate levels in systemic blood paralleled with LPS levels in the portal vein blood. The measurement of plasma D(-)-lactate level may be a useful marker to assess the intestinal injury and to monitor an increase of intestinal permeability and endotoxemia following severe injuries in early stage.
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Effect of repeated +Gz exposures on energy metabolism and some ion contents in brain tissues of rats. AVIATION, SPACE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2001; 72:422-6. [PMID: 11346006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that during +Gz exposure cerebral blood flow is significantly reduced, resulting in brain ischemia. In pilots, such conditions could recur several times during centrifuge training and combat maneuvers and could possibly cause reversible change in brain energy metabolism. HYPOTHESIS In rats there is an association between +10 Gz exposure and the decreased brain metabolism, as indicated by decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ATPase activity, and increased adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and lactate, etc. The aim of the present study was to examine the time course and recovery of brain energy metabolism, lactate, ATPase activity, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and water contents after three +10 Gz exposures in rats. METHODS There were 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats that were restrained and placed on an animal centrifuge. They were divided into groups of 16. Control rats were exposed to +1 Gz and experimental rats were exposed to +10 Gz three times each for 3 min at 30-min intervals. After being euthanized, rat brains were removed 0 h, 1 h, or 6 h after the last centrifuge run. Brain samples were analyzed for energy metabolism, lactate, Na+-K+-ATPase activity, water and electrolytes contents. RESULTS The cortical ATP content, Na+-K+-ATPase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities decreased significantly, whereas the cortical ADP, adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and lactate contents increased significantly 0 h after three +10 Gz exposures, as compared with those of control. The ATP, ADP, and AMP contents returned to their control levels 1 h after the +10 Gz exposures, however, lactate content, Na+-K+-ATPase and LDH activities delayed recovery 6 h after +10 Gz exposures. The cortical K+ content increased significantly 0 h and 1 h after +10 Gz exposures, and returned to the control level 6 h after +Gz exposures. Na+ and water contents increased significantly 1 h and 6 h after the +10 Gz exposures. There was no significant change in Ca2+ content after +Gz exposures. CONCLUSIONS Three +10 Gz (3 min each) exposures were associated with transient depression of brain metabolism as indicated by a decrease in ATP, Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and an accumulation of lactate, and disturbance of ion homeostasis. It is suggested that a causal relationship might exist between repeated high +Gz exposures and brain metabolism.
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[Changes of cerebral blood flow during 21 d head-down tilt bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure during the last week]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2001; 14:92-6. [PMID: 11808574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during 21 d head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in the last week. Method. Twelve healthy male subjects were randomly divided into control and LBNP groups, with 6 in each group. All of them were exposed to -6 degrees HDT for 21 d. The LBNP group received -4.0 kPa LBNP training 1 h/d in the last week of HDT while the control group did not. CBF and cerebral vascular resistance were measured by rheoencephalogram in pre-HDT, day 3, 10 and 21 of HDT. Result. In control group, left cerebral I quadrant area and inrush velocity decreased significantly during HDT, and left cerebral delta Gy wave crest height decreased significantly, whereas left cerebral resistance index increased significantly on day 3 and 21 of HDT as compared to those of pre-HDT. In LBNP group, left cerebral I quadrant area decreased significantly, and left cerebral delta Gy wave crest height and inrush velocity tended to decrease on day 3 and 21 of HDT, whereas left cerebral resistance index increased significantly during HDT as compared to those of pre-HDT. There were no significant differences between above indexes in control group and LBNP group. Conclusion. It is suggested that 21 d HDT may increase cerebral vascular resistance and decrease CBF, which can not be prevented by LBNP training in the last week of 21 d HDT.
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[Changes of cardiac function during 21 d head-down tilt bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure in the last week]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2001; 14:22-6. [PMID: 11710391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the change of cardiac function during 21 d head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest and the effect of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in the last week in human. METHOD 12 healthy male served as subjects which were randomly divided into control and LBNP groups, with 6 in each group. All of them were exposed to -6 degrees HDT for 21 d. The LBNP group received -4.0 kPa LBNP training 1 h/d in the last week of the test. The cardiac pump function and cardiac systole function were measured before, during and after HDT. RESULT Cardiac output, cardiac index and stroke volume decreased significantly, whereas total peripheral resistance, pre-ejection period (PEP), isovolumetric contraction time/left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and PEP/LVET increased significantly during HDT in both control and LBNP groups, compared to pre-HDT values, and they returned to normal level on day 2 post HDT. PEP and PEP/LVET in LBNP group were significantly higher than those in control group on day 21 of HDT and day 2 post HDT. CONCLUSION The reduction of cardiac pump function and cardiac systole function induced by 21 d HDT could not be prevented by LBNP training in the last week of 21 d HDT.
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Changes of human cerebral bottom arterial hemodynamics during 21 d head-down tilt (-6 degrees) bed-rest. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2001; 14:11-6. [PMID: 11710390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the change of human cerebral bottom arterial hemodynamics during 21 d simulated weightlessness. METHOD 21 d -6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest (HDT) were used to simulate weightlessness. 6 healthy male, aged 24.8 +/- 6.1 served as subjects. Systolic blood velocity (Vs), diastolic blood velocity (Vd), mean blood velocity (Vm), pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and other indices of middle cerebral arteries (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA) were measured by transcranial ultrasound Doppler before HDT and on day 0 (D0), 1, 3, 7, 10, 21 of HDT. HUT +75 degrees 20 min orthostatic tolerance tests were done on day -1, 10, and 21 of HDT. RESULT During HUT +75 degrees 20 min orthostatic tolerance test on day 10 and 21 of HDT, the average standing time were shorter than that of the pre-HDT values (P<0.05). On day 3 and 21 of HDT, Vs of right MCA reduced significantly than pre-HDT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). On day 1, 3, 7, 10 and 21 of HDT, Vs of right MCA were obviously lower than that on D0 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Left MCA Vs on D0 increased significantly than that of pre-HDT (P<0.05), and both were significantly higher than those of the 3rd day of HDT (P<0.01). Right MCA Vm on the 3rd and 21st day of HDT were significantly lower than those pre-HDT and D0 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). On day 10 of HDT, Vm of right MCA were significantly reduced than that on D0 (P<0.05). Both MCA bilateral velocity difference (right Vm-left Vm) on the 3rd, 10th, 21st day of HDT, and MCA inter-hemispheric asymmetry index on the 10th, 21st day of HDT were significantly lower than that of pre-HDT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION 21 d HDT bed-rest decreased orthostatic tolerance, Vs of both side MCA, and Vm of right MCA. Lower Vs of both side MCA and the inter-hemispheric asymmetry of MCA during HDT maybe responsible, in part, for the increased risk of orthostatic intolerance.
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[Effects of repeated low body negative pressure (LBNP) exposures on LBNP tolerance]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 2000; 13:10-3. [PMID: 12212625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate variation of low body negative pressure (LBNP) tolerance and the relationship with change of heart function after repeated LBNP exposures. METHOD Ten healthy subjects were exposed to eight min consecutive daily LBNP (-50 mmHg). Before and after this exposures, tolerance to LBNP was determined by a cumulative stress index (CSI) and duration of negative pressure (DNP). RESULT The pre- and post repeated exposure values of CSI and DNP were 1058 +/- 216 s, 1354 +/- 233 s and 45833 +/- 12546 s mmHg, 63433 +/- 13458 s mmHg, respectively. It showed that both were increased significantly (P<0.05), and the heart function was showed to have a tendency of being enhanced. CONCLUSION It suggested that LBNP tolerance increased after repeated exposures, which might be achieved via strengthening of ventricular contractivity, decreasing the compliance of peripheral vascular, the hypotensive [correction of hypotentive] reflex compensatory mechanisms becoming more effective, and increasing arterial blood pressure on heart level.
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[Effects of 24 h -6 degrees head-down tilt bed-rest on cardiovascular function and response to orthostatic stress]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:401-5. [PMID: 12432883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the effects of 24 h -6 degrees head-down tilt bed-rest (HDT) on cardiovascular function and response to orthostatic stress. Method. -6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest for 24 h in 6 healthy males, aged 22-23, were observed. The changes of cardiac function were observed by electrical impedance instrument before and at 0th, 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th hour of HDT, and blood pressure were recorded and urine were collected. The changes of cardiovascular response to head up tilt (HUT 90 degrees, 10 min) before and post HDT were recorded. Result. During HDT, HR reduced significantly than that of pre-HDT (standing). HR at 6th, 12th, and 18th hour of HDT reduced significantly than that at 0th hour of HDT. Stroke output (SO) and stroke index (SI) [correction of CI] at 0th, 6th, 12th, and 24th hour of HDT were higher than pre-HDT value. Cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index (CI) at 18th hour of HDT were significantly lower than those at 0 h of HDT. Total peripheral resistance (TPR) at 18th hour of HDT were higher than that at 0th of HDT. During HUT before and post HDT, HR, MBP, TPR were significantly increased, SO, [correction of SV] SI, CO and CI were significantly reduced. DBP were significantly increased and PP were reduced significantly during HUT post-HDT. Hourly average value of urine during 0-4 h were higher than those during 4-12 h and 12-24 h. Conclusion. 24 h -6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest has significant effects on cardiovascular function and response to HUT in humans.
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[Effect of extremity cuffs as a countermeasure against the cardiovascular deconditioning during 21 d head-down bedrest]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:364-7. [PMID: 12022183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To affirm the protective effect of inflated cuffs. METHOD The protective effect against the cardiovascular deconditioning of inflated cuffs on the upper parts of thighs and arms during the 1st through 10th days of 21 d bedrest has been reported previously. The effect of the cuffs during the rest of the 21 d bedrest were studied in this paper. Five subjects in cuffs group whose orthostatic tolerance were well maintained continued bed rest for 7 d without inflated cuffs. For the last 4 days of this period, inflated cuffs were again applied. Orthostatic tolerance of subjects in cuffs group with and without cuffs were measured. RESULT Two of the five subjects suffered orthostatic intolerance on the 17th day. No sign of orthostatic intolerance were observed by the end of bedrest. CONCLUSION (1) the cardiovascular deconditioning developed when inflated cuffs were not used, and (2) the use of inflated cuffs for 4 d improves the orthostatic tolerance.
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[Mechanisms and detection of G-induced loss of consciousness]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:386-90. [PMID: 12022188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
High sustained +Gz acceleration induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) is the main factor that causes flying accident. This paper reviewed the mechanisms and its physiological detection. During slow onset rate (SOR) acceleration, cerebral ischemia/hypoxia are the mechanisms of G-LOC, during rapid onset rate (ROR) acceleration, G-LOC might be related to mechanical intracranial hypertension, but the direct experimental data were lacking. Arterial blood pressure of eye level and cerebral oxygen saturation are important among the physiological indices of G-LOC detection.
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[Variation of several volume regulating hormones during 21 d - 6 degrees head-down bed rest]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:258-61. [PMID: 11542706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Objective To investigate variations of plasma renin activity, a prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) during 21 d -6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) with and without lower body negative pressure (LBNP). METHOD -6 degrees head-down tilt for 21 d were used to simulate weightlessness. 12 healthy male, aged 23.7 +/- 5.0, were equally and randomly divided into control group (CON) and LBNP group. The latter subjected to LBNP (-30 mm Hg, 1 h/d) in the last week of HDT. Samples of plasma were taken before HDT and on the 2nd, 4th, 11th and 22nd day during HDT. RESULT Compare to control levels, Ald declined significantly on the 2nd (CON -30%, P < 0. 05; V. S. LBNP -38%, P < 0.01), and increased significantly on the 11th day (CON +30%, P < 0.05; LBNP +48%, P < 0.01). PRA reached peak value on the 4th day (P < 0.05), and declined to below the control level on the 22nd day. PGI2 increased constantly during HDT, and increased significantly on the 22nd day (CON P < 0.01), 11th, 22nd (LBNP P < 0.05). No apparent difference was found between groups after LBNP concerning PRA and Ald; and PGI2 didn't increase further in LBNP group. Conclusion HDT induced a timely increasing in PRA and Ald, constant increasing in PGI2.
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[Computer simulation of cardiovascular response to lower body negative pressure]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:262-6. [PMID: 11542707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To simulate the cardiovascular response to lower body negative pressure (LBNP). METHOD A computer model was developed. It had 7 subparts: the redistribution of blood, the filling of left ventricle, left ventricle, peripheral circulation, control of heart rate, control of peripheral resistance and control of venous tone. The heart rate and venous tone were controlled by high-pressure receptor baroreflex, while the peripheral resistance was controlled by high- and low-pressure receptor baroreflexes. RESULT With the help of the model, cardiovascular response to LBNP up to -10.64 kPa (-80 mmHg) were simulated, including the changes of systolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output. The time-dependent response to a LBNP profile was also simulated. The simulation results coincided well with human experiments. CONCLUSION The model is valid and can accurately reproduce the short-term hemodynamic response to LBNP.
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[Countermeasuring effect of lower body negative pressure against orthostatic intolerance induced by 21 d -6 degrees head down tilt in humans]. HANG TIAN YI XUE YU YI XUE GONG CHENG = SPACE MEDICINE & MEDICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 12:97-100. [PMID: 12428652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate whether LBNP during 21 d -6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) would modify orthostatic tolerance. Method. 12 healthy males, age 23.7 +/- 5.0, were exposed to -6 degrees HDT for 21 d. 6 of them received -4.0 kPa LBNP sessions for 1 h/d from 15th day to 21st day of HDT. The other 6 served as control. HUT + 75 degrees, 20 min orthostatic tolerance test were done before, on day 10 and on day 21 of HDT. Result. During HUT + 75 degrees, 20 min orthostatic tolerance test on day 10 of HDT, 5 subjects of the control group and 4 of the LBNP group presented presyncopal or syncopal signs and symptoms, the average standing time of both groups were shorter than those of the pre-HDT (p<0.05). During HUT + 75 degrees, 20 min orthostatic tolerance test on day 21 of HDT, 5 subjects of the control group and one subject of the LBNP group presented presyncopal or syncopal signs and symptoms, the average standing time of control group reduced significantly as compared with those of pre-HDT(P<0.05), also significantly shorter than those of LBNP group (P<0.05). Conclusion. The present study clearly shows that the use of LBNP could alleviate the bed rest-induced orthostatic intolerance.
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Estimation of analogue pre-filtering characteristics for CORSA standardisation. Technol Health Care 1998; 6:275-83. [PMID: 9924955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper is concerned with devising a standard procedure for determining the gain and phase responses of the analogue filters used to pre-process pulmonary signals prior to their digitisation. The customary high-pass filtering, in particular, will strongly affect the time-domain wave-shapes of digitised signals and this must be taken into account when analysing the signals. Several means of determining the effect of the high-pass filtering are investigated and a measurement procedure is proposed which may be easily carried out using simple laboratory equipment.
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Inverse filtering applied to upper airway sounds. Technol Health Care 1998; 6:23-32. [PMID: 9754681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inverse filtering is a digital signal processing technique which may be applied to speech-like sounds to remove resonances introduced by upper airway cavities to leave a residual signal which is, in principle, spectrally flat and strongly related to the excitation source. The filter parameters, normally computed by a form of linear prediction analysis, are indicative of the frequencies and bandwidths of the resonances. This paper briefly outlines the principle of inverse filtering and describes two applications in the study of upper airway sounds for diagnostic purposes. The first application is concerned with the non-invasive measurement of variations in upper airway dimensions which occur with changes in posture. Results show that differences in the resonance frequencies caused by changes in posture can be measured, these being of the order of about 10% in normals. The measurement of such changes is known to be useful in the assessment of patients with sleep apnoea. The second application concerns the evaluation of vocal tract abnormalities resulting from infection in the larynx. Parameters derived from the residual are believed to be indicative of the existence and severity of a hoarse voice. Results have been obtained which support this theory.
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