1
|
Ma L, Zhou L, Quan S, Xu H, Yang J, Niu J. Integrated analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq in calyx abscission zone of Korla fragrant pear involved in calyx persistence. BMC Plant Biol 2019; 19:192. [PMID: 31072362 PMCID: PMC6507046 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to characterize molecular mechanism of calyx persistence in Korla fragrant pear by transcriptome and small RNA sequencing. Abscission zone tissues of flowers at three stages (the first, fifth and ninth days of the late bloom stage), with 50 mg/L GA3 (calyx persistence treatment, C_1, C_5, C_9) or 500 mg/L PP333 (calyx abscission treatment, T_1, T_5, T_9), were collected and simultaneously conducted transcriptome and small RNA sequencing. RESULTS Through association analysis of transcriptome and small RNA sequencing, mRNA-miRNA network was conducted. Compared calyx persistence groups with calyx abscission groups during the same stage, 145, 56 and 150 mRNA-miRNA pairs were obtained in C_1 vs T_1, C_5 vs T_5 and C_9 vs T_9, respectively; When C_1 compared with C_5 and C_9, 90 and 506 mRNA-miRNA pairs were screened respectively, and 255 mRNA-miRNA pairs were obtained from the comparison between C_5 and C_9; When T_1 compared with the T_5 and T_9, respectively, 206 and 796 mRNA-miRNA pairs were obtained, and 383 mRNA-miRNA pairs were obtained from the comparison between T_5 and T_9. These mRNAs in miRNA-mRNA pairs were significantly enriched into the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, photosynthesis - antenna proteins, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, zeatin biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. In addition, we obtained some key genes from miRNA-mRNA pairs that may be associated with calyx abscission, including protein phosphatase 2C (psi-miR394a-HAB1), receptor-like protein kinase (psi-miR396a-5p-HERK1), cellulose synthase-like protein D3 (psi-miR827-CSLD3), beta-galactosidase (psi-miR858b-β-galactosidase), SPL-psi-miR156j/157d, abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 1 (psi-miR396a-5p-CYP707A1) and auxin response factor (psi-miR160a-3p-ARF6, psi-miR167d-ARF18, psi-miR167a-5p-ARF25), etc. CONCLUSION: By integrated analysis mRNA and miRNA, our study gives a better understanding of the important genes and regulation pathway related to calyx abscission in Korla fragrant pear. We have also established the network of miRNA-mRNA pairs to learn about precise regulation of miRNA on calyx abscission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Shaowen Quan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Jieping Yang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| | - Jianxin Niu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Shihezi, 832003 Xinjiang China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo W, Gao X, Zhang X. Geochemical processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and fluoride contamination in the Yuncheng Basin, China-An area with complex hydrogeochemical conditions. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199082. [PMID: 30048448 PMCID: PMC6062146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogeochemical and stable isotope analyses and geochemical modeling were carried out to identify the major geochemical processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and fluoride contamination in the aquifers of the Yuncheng Basin, China, an area with complex hydrogeochemical conditions and severe fluoride contamination of the groundwater. The major findings of this case study include the following: 1) Cation exchange and salt effects are vital controls on the enrichment of fluoride in groundwater in the area by reducing the activity of Ca2+/F- in groundwater via ion complexation. Cation exchange increased the fluoride concentration by 2.7 mg/L when the Na/Ca molar ratio increased from 0.24 to 9.0, while the salt effect led to a ca. 5–10% increase in complex F- in groundwater due to the further dissolution of fluoride-bearing minerals in the aquifers, as suggested by a model calculation. 2) Anthropogenic contamination from pesticide and fertilizer use and industrial waste discharge is also a main source of fluoride in the groundwater. 3) Evaporation and ion effects favor the enrichment of fluoride in groundwater by encouraging the removal of Ca via precipitation. 4) The desorption of fluoride from mineral/organic matter surfaces is enhanced under alkaline conditions and a high HCO3 content in groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Luo
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xubo Gao
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qian Y, Zhang S, Yao S, Xia J, Li Y, Dai X, Wang W, Jiang X, Liu Y, Li M, Gao L, Xia T. Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. BMC Plant Biol 2018; 18:121. [PMID: 29914362 PMCID: PMC6007066 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. This result suggests that the related flavonoids were transported downward in the stem by transporters. GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. Additionally, sucrose promotes the transport of polyphenols and changes the aroma composition in tea plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49 Middle Bianhe Rd, Suzhou, 234000 Anhui China
| | - Shuxiang Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Shengbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Jinxin Xia
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Xinlong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Xiaolan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Mingzhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Rd, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Fan H, He X, Guo S, Li X, He M, Qu Y, Yang X, Zhang H, Sun X, Wang L, Wang Z, Tong X, Zhong M, Maimaitili A, Tong Z, Duan C. China Intracranial Aneurysm Project (CIAP): protocol for a prospective cohort study of interventional treatment and craniotomy for unruptured aneurysms. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019333. [PMID: 29794089 PMCID: PMC5988060 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are two approaches for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm (IA): interventional therapy and craniotomy, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of treatment efficacy. To avoid overtreatment of unruptured aneurysms (UIA), to save valuable medical resources and to reduce patient mortality and disability rate, it is vital that neurosurgeons select the most appropriate type of treatment to provide the best levels of care. In this study, we propose a refined, prospective, multicentre study for the Chinese population with strictly defined patient inclusion criteria, along with the selection of representative clinical participating centres. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This report describes a multicentre, prospective cohort study. As IA is extremely harmful if it ruptures, ethical issues need to be taken into account with regard to this study. Researchers are therefore not able to use randomised controlled trials. The study will be conducted by 12 clinical centres located in different regions of China. The trial recruitment programme begins in 2016 and is scheduled to be completed in 2020. We expect 1500 participants with UIA to be included. Clinical information relating to the participants will be recorded objectively. The primary endpoints are an evaluation of the safety and efficiency of interventional treatment and craniotomy for 6 months after surgery, with each participant completing at least 1 year of follow-up. The secondary endpoint is the evaluation of safety and efficacy of interventional therapy and craniotomy clipping when participants are treated for 12 months. We also address the success of treatment and the incidence of adverse events. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research protocol and the informed consent form for participants in this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University (2017-SJWK-001). The results of this study are expected to be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals in 2021. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03133598.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunchang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuying He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenquan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Aisha Maimaitili
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiyong Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li B, Lu M, Liu W, Zhu X, He X, Yang Y, Yang Q. Reversible Electrochemical Control over Photoexcited Luminescence of Core/Shell CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot Film. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:626. [PMID: 29247304 PMCID: PMC5732114 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are widely used in light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Electrochemical modulation is a good way to understand the electrical and optical properties of QDs. In this work, the effects of electrochemical control on photoluminescence (PL) spectra in core/shell CdSe/ZnS QD films are studied. The results show different spectral responses for surface emission and core emission when a negative electrochemical potential is applied: the core emission is redshifted while the surface emission is blueshifted. The former is attributed to the electrostatic expansion of the excitonic wave function, due to the asymmetric distribution of adsorbed cations on the surface of the dots. The latter is attributed to the occupation of lower surface states by the injected electrons, i.e., the photoexcited electrons are more likely to be trapped onto higher surface states, leading to a blueshift of the surface emission. Both the spectral shift and the accompanying PL-quenching processes are reversible by resetting the potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Meilin Lu
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Weilong Liu
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xing He
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yanqiang Yang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qingxin Yang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Zeng S, Hu R, Wang X, Huang W, Liu J, Wang L, Liu G, Cao Y, Zhang Y. Using local chromatin structure to improve CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency in zebrafish. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182528. [PMID: 28800611 PMCID: PMC5553855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the CRISPR/Cas9 has been successfully applied in zebrafish, considerable variations in efficiency have been observed for different gRNAs. The workload and cost of zebrafish mutant screening is largely dependent on the mutation rate of injected embryos; therefore, selecting more effective gRNAs is especially important for zebrafish mutant construction. Besides the sequence features, local chromatin structures may have effects on CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency, which remain largely unexplored. In the only related study in zebrafish, nucleosome organization was not found to have an effect on CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency, which is inconsistent with recent studies in vitro and in mammalian cell lines. To understand the effects of local chromatin structure on CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency in zebrafish, we first determined that CRISPR/Cas9 introduced genome editing mainly before the dome stage. Based on this observation, we reanalyzed our published nucleosome organization profiles and generated chromatin accessibility profiles in the 256-cell and dome stages using ATAC-seq technology. Our study demonstrated that chromatin accessibility showed positive correlation with CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency, but we did not observe a clear correlation between nucleosome organization and CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency. We constructed an online database for zebrafish gRNA selection based on local chromatin structure features that could prove beneficial to zebrafish homozygous mutant construction via CRISPR/Cas9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunru Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyang Zeng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruikun Hu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangxiu Wang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilai Huang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangfang Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luying Wang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifen Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Nucleosome organization affects the accessibility of cis-elements to trans-acting factors. Micrococcal nuclease digestion followed by high-throughput sequencing (MNase-seq) is the most popular technology used to profile nucleosome organization on a genome-wide scale. Evaluating the data quality of MNase-seq data remains challenging, especially in mammalian. There is a strong need for a convenient and comprehensive approach to obtain dedicated quality control (QC) for MNase-seq data analysis. Here we developed CAM, which is a comprehensive QC pipeline for MNase-seq data. The CAM pipeline provides multiple informative QC measurements and nucleosome organization profiles on different potentially functional regions for given MNase-seq data. CAM also includes 268 historical MNase-seq datasets from human and mouse as a reference atlas for unbiased assessment. CAM is freely available at: http://www.tongji.edu.cn/~zhanglab/CAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng’en Hu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Liao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengchen Zhao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao C, Hu S, Huo X, Zhang Y. Dr.seq2: A quality control and analysis pipeline for parallel single cell transcriptome and epigenome data. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180583. [PMID: 28671995 PMCID: PMC5495495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of single cell transcriptome and epigenome technologies, including single cell ATAC-seq (scATAC-seq), have been recently developed as powerful tools to analyze the features of many individual cells simultaneously. However, the methods and software were designed for one certain data type and only for single cell transcriptome data. A systematic approach for epigenome data and multiple types of transcriptome data is needed to control data quality and to perform cell-to-cell heterogeneity analysis on these ultra-high-dimensional transcriptome and epigenome datasets. Here we developed Dr.seq2, a Quality Control (QC) and analysis pipeline for multiple types of single cell transcriptome and epigenome data, including scATAC-seq and Drop-ChIP data. Application of this pipeline provides four groups of QC measurements and different analyses, including cell heterogeneity analysis. Dr.seq2 produced reliable results on published single cell transcriptome and epigenome datasets. Overall, Dr.seq2 is a systematic and comprehensive QC and analysis pipeline designed for parallel single cell transcriptome and epigenome data. Dr.seq2 is freely available at: http://www.tongji.edu.cn/~zhanglab/drseq2/ and https://github.com/ChengchenZhao/DrSeq2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Zhao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng’en Hu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Huo
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang HY, Shi JF, Guo LW, Bai YN, Liao XZ, Liu GX, Mao AY, Ren JS, Sun XJ, Zhu XY, Wang L, Song BB, Du LB, Zhu L, Gong JY, Zhou Q, Liu YQ, Cao R, Mai L, Lan L, Sun XH, Ren Y, Zhou JY, Wang YZ, Qi X, Lou PA, Shi D, Li N, Zhang K, He J, Dai M. Expenditure and financial burden for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China: a hospital-based, multicenter, cross-sectional survey. Chin J Cancer 2017; 36:41. [PMID: 28454595 PMCID: PMC5410077 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China and the paucity of information about relevant expenditure highlight the necessity of better understanding the financial burden and effect of CRC diagnosis and treatment. We performed a survey to quantify the direct medical and non-medical expenditure as well as the resulting financial burden of CRC patients in China. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional survey in 37 tertiary hospitals in 13 provinces across China between 2012 and 2014. Each enrolled patient was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. All expenditure data were inflated to the 2014 Chinese Yuan (CNY; 1 CNY = 0.163 USD). We quantified the overall expenditure and financial burden and by subgroup (hospital type, age at diagnosis, sex, education, occupation, insurance type, household income, clinical stage, pathologic type, and therapeutic regimen). We then performed generalized linear modeling to determine the factors associated with overall expenditure. RESULTS A total of 2356 patients with a mean age of 57.4 years were included, 57.1% of whom were men; 13.9% of patients had stage I cancer; and the average previous-year household income was 54,525 CNY. The overall average direct expenditure per patient was estimated to be 67,408 CNY, and the expenditures for stage I, II, III, and IV disease were 56,099 CNY, 59,952 CNY, 67,292 CNY, and 82,729 CNY, respectively. Non-medical expenditure accounted for 8.3% of the overall expenditure. The 1-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 32,649 CNY, which accounted for 59.9% of their previous-year household income and caused 75.0% of families to suffer an unmanageable financial burden. Univariate analysis showed that financial burden and overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups (P < 0.05), except for sex. Multivariate analysis showed that patients who were treated in specialized hospitals and those who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma or diagnosed at a later stage were likely to spend more, whereas those with a lower household income and those who underwent surgery spent less (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS For patients in China, direct expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC seemed catastrophic, and non-medical expenditure was non-ignorable. The financial burden varied among subgroups, especially among patients with different clinical stages of disease, which suggests that, in China, CRC screening might be cost-effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yao Huang
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Ju-Fang Shi
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Lan-Wei Guo
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 P. R. China
| | - Ya-Na Bai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zhen Liao
- Hunan Office for Cancer Control and Research, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410006 P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xiang Liu
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081 P. R. China
| | - A-Yan Mao
- Public Health Information Research Office, Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100020 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Song Ren
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jie Sun
- Center for Health Management and Policy, Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhu
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 P. R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Bing-Bing Song
- Heilongjiang Office for Cancer Control and Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081 P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bin Du
- Zhejiang Office for Cancer Control and Research, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022 P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Teaching and Research Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011 P. R. China
| | - Ji-Yong Gong
- Science and Education Department of Public Health Division, Shandong Tumor Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250117 P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Chongqing Office for Cancer Control and Research, Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qin Liu
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Center, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050 P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Health Policy and Economic Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430 P. R. China
| | - Ling Mai
- Department of Institute of Tumor Research, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 P. R. China
| | - Li Lan
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Sun
- Ningbo Clinical Cancer Prevention Guidance Center, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010 P. R. China
| | - Ying Ren
- Urban Office of Cancer Early Detection and Treatment, Tieling Central Hospital, Tieling, Liaoning 112000 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yi Zhou
- Institute of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009 P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Wang
- Department of Economic Operation, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Tangshan People’s Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000 P. R. China
| | - Pei-An Lou
- Department of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006 P. R. China
| | - Dian Shi
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ni Li
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Jie He
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| | - Min Dai
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 17 South Panjiayuan Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kang B, Jiang D, Ma R, He H, Yi Z, Chen Z. OAZ1 knockdown enhances viability and inhibits ER and LHR transcriptions of granulosa cells in geese. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175016. [PMID: 28362829 PMCID: PMC5376318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies suggest that ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 (OAZ1), which is regarded as a tumor suppressor gene, regulates follicular development, ovulation, and steroidogenesis. The granulosa cells in the ovary play a critical role in these ovarian functions. However, the action of OAZ1 mediating physiological functions of granulosa cells is obscure. OAZ1 knockdown in granulosa cells of geese was carried out in the current study. The effect of OAZ1 knockdown on polyamine metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and hormone receptor transcription of primary granulosa cells in geese was measured. The viability of granulosa cells transfected with the shRNA OAZ1 at 48 h was significantly higher than the control (p<0.05). The level of putrescine and spermidine in granulosa cells down-regulating OAZ1 was 7.04- and 2.11- fold higher compared with the control, respectively (p<0.05). The CCND1, SMAD1, and BCL-2 mRNA expression levels in granulosa cells down-regulating OAZ1 were each significantly higher than the control, respectively (p<0.05), whereas the PCNA and CASPASE 3 expression levels were significantly lower than the control (p<0.05). The estradiol concentration, ER and LHR mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in granulosa cells down-regulating OAZ1 compared with the control (p<0.05). Taken together, our results indicated that OAZ1 knockdown elevated the putrescine and spermidine contents and enhanced granulosa cell viability and inhibited ER and LHR transcriptions of granulosa cells in geese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BK); (DMJ)
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (BK); (DMJ)
| | - Rong Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rajput IR, Ying H, Yajing S, Arain MA, Weifen L, Ping L, Bloch DM, Wenhua L. Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 modulate TLRs and cytokines expression patterns in jejunum and ileum of broilers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173917. [PMID: 28319123 PMCID: PMC5358784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) and Bacillus subtilis B10 (Bs) on intestinal epithelial Toll like receptors (TLR), and Cytokine expression response to understand the intestinal epithelial innate immune mechanism in broilers. A total of 300 birds (Sanhuang broilers) were allotted into three groups (n = 100) and each divided into five replications (n = 20). Control group (Ctr) birds were fed basal diet, broilers in experimental groups received (1×108cfu/kg feed) Sb and Bs respectively in addition to basal diet for 72 days. The result showed significant increase in mRNA expression level of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR15. Down streaming MyD88, TRAF6, TAB2 and NF-κB mRNA level noted higher, in the jejunum and ileum as compared to control group. Meanwhile, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, TGF-β expression levels showed high expression in the jejunum of Sb and Bs groups. IL-10 expression level increased in the ileum and IL-6, TNFα, IL-10 and TGF-β expression levels increased in the jejunum of Sb group. Levels of IL-1 β, IL-17, and IL-4, increased merely in Sb group. Ileal cytokines IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-4concentration were noted higher in Sb group, and IL-1β, and IL-4 levels were up-regulated in Bs group. The results indicated that the INF-γ and IL-8 level decreased in Sb and BS groups. Serum IgA and sIgA level increased in both treatment groups. Our findings illustrated that S. boulardii and B. subtilis B10 may have a role to induce mucosal immunity by activating the TLRs and cytokines expressions in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rashid Rajput
- College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Huang Ying
- College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Sun Yajing
- College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Asif Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Li Weifen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Li Ping
- College of Science Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Dost Muhammad Bloch
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Liu Wenhua
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang HF, Ning F, Liu ZC, Wu L, Li ZQ, Qi YF, Zhang G, Wang HS, Cai SH, Du J. Histone deacetylase inhibitors deplete myeloid-derived suppressor cells induced by 4T1 mammary tumors in vivo and in vitro. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:355-366. [PMID: 27915371 PMCID: PMC11028551 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been identified as a population of immature myeloid cells that suppress anti-tumor immunity. MDSC are increased in tumor-bearing hosts; thus, depletion of MDSC may enhance anti-tumor immunity. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are chemical agents that are primarily used against hematologic malignancies. The ability of these agents to modulate anticancer immunity has recently been extensively studied. However, the effect of HDACi on MDSC has remained largely unexplored. In the present study, we provide the first demonstration that HDACi treatment decreases MDSC accumulation in the spleen, blood and tumor bed but increases the proportion of T cells (particularly the frequency of IFN-γ- or perforin-producing CD8+ T cells) in BALB/C mice with 4T1 mammary tumors. In addition, HDACi exposure of bone marrow (BM) cells significantly eliminated the MDSC population induced by GM-CSF or the tumor burden in vitro, which was further demonstrated as functionally important to relieve the inhibitory effect of MDSC-enriched BM cells on T cell proliferation. Mechanistically, HDACi increased the apoptosis of Gr-1+ cells (almost MDSC) compared with that of Gr-1- cells, which was abrogated by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that the HDACi-induced increase in MDSC apoptosis due to increased intracellular ROS might partially account for the observed depletion of MDSC. These findings suggest that the elimination of MDSC using an HDACi may contribute to the overall anti-tumor properties of these agents, highlighting a novel property of HDACi as potent MDSC-targeting agents, which may be used to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Fang Wang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Ning
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Obstetrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zong-Cai Liu
- The Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Qian Li
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fei Qi
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Hui Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 132 Waihuan East Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng L, Li L, Zhang S, Shen J, Li S, Hu S, Peng Q, Xiao J, Wu C. Suppressor of rid1 (SID1) shares common targets with RID1 on florigen genes to initiate floral transition in rice. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006642. [PMID: 28234896 PMCID: PMC5345856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is a critical process in the life cycle of higher plants. Previously, we cloned Rice Indeterminate 1 (RID1), which acts as the master switch for the transition from the vegetative to reproductive phase in rice. Although the photoperiod pathway of RID1 inducing expression of the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 via Ehd1 has been established, the alternative pathways for the essential flowering transition need to be further examined. Here, we identified a Suppressor of rid1 (SID1), which rescues the never-flowering phenotype of rid1. SID1 encodes an INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) transcription factor. Mutation in SID1 showed the delayed flowering phenotype. Gain-of-function of SID1, OsIDD1, or OsIDD6 could restore the rid1 to flowering. Further analyses showed SID1 and RID1 directly target the promoter regions of Hd3a and RFT1, two florigen genes in rice. Taken together, our results reveal an autonomous flowering pathway might be mediated by RID1, thereby controlling the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive development in rice. Transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is a critical developmental switch in the life cycle of higher plants. In rice, our previous work suggested Rice Indeterminate 1 (RID1) acts as the master switch for the transition to flowering. Mutation in RID1 results in a never-flowering phenotype. In order to uncover the molecular network regulated by RID1, a Suppressor of rid1 (SID1) was identified in this study. Both SID1 and RID1 encode a plant-specific INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) transcription factor. Overexpression of SID1, OsIDD1, or OsIDD6 could rescue the never-flowering phenotype of rid1. Molecular data indicate both SID1 and RID1 physically bind the promoters of the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 in rice. Thus, we propose that the transition to flowering could be regulated by RID1 through the autonomous pathway, in addition to the photoperiod pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingmei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianqiang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sifan Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Bai Z, Liu H, Zhang D. Triticum aestivum WRAB18 functions in plastids and confers abiotic stress tolerance when overexpressed in Escherichia coli and Nicotiania benthamiana. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171340. [PMID: 28207772 PMCID: PMC5313140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
WRAB18, an ABA-inducible protein belongs to the third family of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins which can be induced by different biotic or abiotic stresses. In the present study, WRAB18 was cloned from the Zhengyin 1 cultivar of Triticum aestivum and overexpressed in Escherichia coli to explore its effects on the growth of E. coli under different abiotic stresses. Results suggested the enhanced exhibition of tolerance of E. coli to these stresses. Meanwhile, the WRAB18-transgenic tobacco plants were obtained to analyze the stress-related enzymatic activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and to quantify the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) under osmotic stress, high salinity, and low and high temperature stress. The activities of APX, POD and SOD in the transgenic tobacco lines were higher while the content of MDA was lower than those of WT lines. Moreover, plastid localization of WRAB18 in Nicotiana benthamiana plasma cells were found fusing with GFP. In addition, purified WRAB18 protein protected LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase) enzyme activity in vitro from various stress conditions. In brief, WRAB18 protein shows protective action behaving as a "molecular shield" in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under various abiotic stresses, not only during ABA stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linsheng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yane Zhang
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang Z, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization of Acrylonitrile under Irradiation of Blue LED Light. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 9:E4. [PMID: 30970681 PMCID: PMC6431850 DOI: 10.3390/polym9010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to unhealthy UV or γ-ray and high-energy-consumption thermal external stimuli, the promising light emitting diode (LED) external stimulus has some outstanding technological merits such as narrow wavelength distribution, low heat generation and energy consumption, and safety for human beings. In this work, a novel reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization system for acrylonitrile (AN) was developed under the irradiation of blue LED light at room temperature, using 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) as a novel radical initiator and 2-cyanoprop-2-yl-1-dithionaphthalate (CPDN) as the typical chain transfer agent. Well-defined polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with a controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution was successfully synthesized. This strategy may provide another effective method for scientific researchers or the industrial community to synthesize a PAN-based precursor of carbon fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Huang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Lifen Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Zhenping Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Xiulin Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang C, Huang G, Ding SJ, Dong H, Men C, Mei Y. Atomic Layer Deposition of Pt Nanoparticles for Microengine with Promoted Catalytic Motion. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:289. [PMID: 27295257 PMCID: PMC4905863 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-decorated tubular microengines were synthesized by a combination of rolled-up nanotechnology and atomic layer deposition. The presence of Pt nanoparticles with different sizes and distributions on the walls of microengines fabricated from bilayer nanomembranes with different materials results in promoted catalytic reaction efficiency, which leads to an ultrafast speed (the highest speed 3200 μm/s). The motion speed of the decorated microengines fits the theoretical model very well, suggesting that the larger surface area is mainly responsible for the acceleration of the motion speed. The high-speed nanoparticle-decorated microengines hold considerable promise for a variety of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Jiang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shi-Jin Ding
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chuanling Men
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu H, Dong S, Sun D, Liu W, Gu F, Liu Y, Guo T, Wang H, Wang J, Chen Z. CONSTANS-Like 9 (OsCOL9) Interacts with Receptor for Activated C-Kinase 1(OsRACK1) to Regulate Blast Resistance through Salicylic Acid and Ethylene Signaling Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166249. [PMID: 27829023 PMCID: PMC5102437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous transcriptome analysis of early response genes in rice during Magnaporthe oryzae infection, we identified a CONSTANS-like (COL) gene OsCOL9. In the present study, we investigated the functional roles of OsCOL9 in blast resistance. OsCOL9 belonged to group II of the COL protein family, and it contained a BB-box and a C-terminal CCT (CONSTANS, COL and TOC1) domain. OsCOL9 was found in the nucleus of rice cells, and it exerted transcriptional activation activities through its middle region (MR). Magnaporthe oryzae infection induced OsCOL9 expression, and transgenic OsCOL9 knock-out rice plants showed increased pathogen susceptibility. OsCOL9 was a critical regulator of pathogen-related genes, especially PR1b, which were also activated by exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylicacid (ACC), the precursor of ethylene (ET). Further analysis indicated that OsCOL9 over-expression increased the expressions of phytohormone biosynthetic genes, NPR1, WRKY45, OsACO1 and OsACS1, which were related to SA and ET biosynthesis. Interestingly, we found that OsCOL9 physically interacted with the scaffold protein OsRACK1 through its CCT domain, and the OsRACK1 expression was induced in response to exogenous SA and ACC as well as M. oryzae infection. Taken together, these results indicated that the COL protein OsCOL9 interacted with OsRACK1, and it enhanced the rice blast resistance through SA and ET signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuangyu Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dayuan Sun
- Plant Protection Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fengwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongzhu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (ZC)
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (ZC)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zuo Q, Wang X, Li D, Tang B, Li B. Selection of the Inducer for the Differentiation of Chicken Embryonic Stem Cells into Male Germ Cells In Vitro. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164664. [PMID: 27741318 PMCID: PMC5065142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several inducers have been used to differentiate embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into male germ cells but the induction process has been inefficient. To solve the problem of low efficiency of inducer for ESCs differentiation into male germ cells, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), Am80(the retinoic acid receptor agonist), and estradiol (E2) was used to induce ESCs to differentiate into male germ cells in vitro. ESCs were cultured in media containing ATRA, Am80, or E2 respectively which can differentiate ESCs into a germ cell lineage. In process of ATRA and Am80 induction Group, germ cell-like cells can be observed in 10 days; but have no in E2 induction Group. The marker genes of germ cell: Dazl, Stra8, C-kit, Cvh, integrinα6, and integrinβ1 all showed a significant up-regulation in the expression level. The ATRA-induction group showed high expression of C-kit and Cvh around 4 days, and integrinα6 and integrinβ1 were activated on day 10, respectively, while the E2-,Am80- induction group showed a high expression of C-kit as early as 4 days immunocytochemistry results shown that, integrinα6 and integrinβ1 could be detected in the ATRA-, Am80-, and E2-induction group, Positive clones in the ATRA group were greater in number than those in the other two groups. we conclued that ATRA, Am80, and E2 can promote the expression of the corresponding genes of germ cells, and had different effect on the differentiation of ESCs into male germ cells. ATRA was the most effective inducer of germ cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yani Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Beibei Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction, and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen C, He W, Nassirou TY, Zhou W, Yin Y, Dong X, Rao Q, Shi H, Zhao W, Efisue A, Jin D. Genetic Diversity and Phenotypic Variation in an Introgression Line Population Derived from an Interspecific Cross between Oryza glaberrima and Oryza sativa. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161746. [PMID: 27603678 PMCID: PMC5014448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of closely related species genomic fragments is an effective way to enrich genetic diversity and creates new germplasms in crops. Here, we studied the genetic diversity of an introgression line (IL) population composed of 106 ILs derived from an interspecific tetra cross between O. glaberrima and O. sativa (RAM3/Jin23B//Jin23B///YuetaiB). The proportion of O. glaberrima genome (PGG) in the ILs ranged from 0.3% to 36.7%, with an average value of 12.32% which is close to the theoretically expected proportion. A total of 250 polymorphic alleles were amplified by 21 AFLP primer combinations with an average of 12 alleles per primer. Population structure analysis revealed that the IL population can be divided into four genetically distinct subpopulations. Both principal component analysis and neighbor-joining tree analysis showed that ILs with a higher PGG displayed greater genetic diversity. Canonical discriminant analysis identified six phenotypic traits (plant height, yield per plant, filled grain percentage, panicle length, panicle number and days to flowering) as the main discriminatory traits among the ILs and between the subpopulations and showed significant phenotypic distances between subpopulations. The effects of PGG on phenotypic traits in the ILs were estimated using a linear admixed model, which showed a significant positive effect on grain yield per plant (0.286±0.117), plant height (0.418 ± 0.132), panicle length (0.663 ± 0.107), and spikelet number per panicle (0.339 ± 0.128), and a significant negative effect on filled grain percentage (-0.267 ± 0.123) and days to flowering (-0.324 ± 0.075). We found that an intermediate range (10% − 20%) of PGG was more effective for producing ILs with favorable integrated agronomic traits. Our results confirm that construction of IL population carrying O. glaberrima genomic fragments could be an effective approach to increase the genetic diversity of O. sativa genome and an appropriate level of PGG could facilitate pyramiding more favorable genes for developing more adaptive and productive rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caijin Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenchuang He
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tondi Yacouba Nassirou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilong Yin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xilong Dong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Quanqin Rao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Shi
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wubin Zhao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Andrew Efisue
- Departments of Crop and Soil Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Deming Jin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang H, Zhen H, Li S, Jing Y, Huang G, Mei Y, Lu W. Self-rolling and light-trapping in flexible quantum well-embedded nanomembranes for wide-angle infrared photodetectors. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1600027. [PMID: 27536723 PMCID: PMC4982750 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) design and manufacturing enable flexible nanomembranes to deliver unique properties and applications in flexible electronics, photovoltaics, and photonics. We demonstrate that a quantum well (QW)-embedded nanomembrane in a rolled-up geometry facilitates a 3D QW infrared photodetector (QWIP) device with enhanced responsivity and detectivity. Circular geometry of nanomembrane rolls provides the light coupling route; thus, there are no external light coupling structures, which are normally necessary for QWIPs. This 3D QWIP device under tube-based light-trapping mode presents broadband enhancement of coupling efficiency and omnidirectional detection under a wide incident angle (±70°), offering a unique solution to high-performance focal plane array. The winding number of these rolled-up QWIPs provides well-tunable blackbody photocurrents and responsivity. 3D self-assembly of functional nanomembranes offers a new path for high conversion efficiency between light and electricity in photodetectors, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honglou Zhen
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Shilong Li
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Youliang Jing
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Lu
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.M.); (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma H, Liu R, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Ma Y, Guo Y, Xu L. A Novel Peptide from Soybean Protein Isolate Significantly Enhances Resistance of the Organism under Oxidative Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159938. [PMID: 27455060 PMCID: PMC4959706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that protein hydrolysates have broad biological effects. In the current study we describe a novel antioxidative peptide, FDPAL, from soybean protein isolate (SPI). The aim of this study was to purify and characterize an antioxidative peptide from SPI and determine its antioxidative mechanism. LC–MS/MS was used to isolate and identify the peptide from SPI. The sequence of the peptide was determined to be Phe-Asp-Pro-Ala-Leu (FDPAL, 561 Da). FDPAL can cause significant enhancement of resistance to oxidative stress both in cells as well as simple organisms. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), FDPAL can up-regulate the expression of certain genes associated with resistance. The antioxidant activity of this peptide can be attributed to the presence of a specific amino acid sequence. Results from our work suggest that FDPAL can facilitate potential applications of proteins carrying this sequence in the nutraceutical, bioactive material and clinical medicine areas, as well as in cosmetics and health care products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heran Ma
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Ziyuan Zhao
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian Zhang
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yue Cao
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yudan Ma
- Sports Science Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YG); (LX)
| | - Li Xu
- Key laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YG); (LX)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen Y, Wang K, King M, He J, Ding J, Shi Q, Wang C, Li P. Differences in Factors Affecting Various Crash Types with High Numbers of Fatalities and Injuries in China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158559. [PMID: 27439113 PMCID: PMC4954655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Road traffic crashes that involve very high numbers of fatalities and injuries arouse public concern wherever they occur. In China, there are two categories of such crashes: a crash that results in 10-30 fatalities, 50-100 serious injuries or a total cost of 50-100 million RMB ($US8-16m) is a "serious road traffic crash" (SRTC), while a crash that is even more severe or costly is a "particularly serious road traffic crash" (PSRTC). The aim of this study is to identify the main factors affecting different types of these crashes (single-vehicle, head-on, rear-end and side impact) with the ultimate goal of informing prevention activities and policies. METHODS Detailed descriptions of the SRTCs and PSRTCs that occurred from 2007 to 2014 were collected from the database "In-depth Investigation and Analysis System for Major Road Traffic Crashes" (IIASMRTC), which is maintained by the Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security of China (TMRI). 18 main risk factors, which were categorized into four areas (participant, vehicle, road and environment-related) were chosen as potential independent variables for the multinomial logistic regression analysis. Comparisons were made among the single-vehicle, head-on, rear-end and side impact crashes in terms of factors affecting crash occurrence. FINDINGS Five risk factors were significant for the six multinomial logistic regression models, which were location, vertical alignment, roadside safety rating, driver distraction and overloading of cargo. It was indicated that intersections were more likely to have side impact SRTCs and PSRTCs, especially with poor visibility at night. Overloaded freight vehicles were more likely to be involved in a rear-end crash than other freight vehicles. Driver distraction is an important risk factor for head-on crashes, while vertical alignment and roadside safety rating are positively associated with single-vehicle crashes. CONCLUSION Based on the findings, promising measures were proposed to prevent each type of SRTC and PSRTC, which governmental or regulatory agencies could employ to plan strategies to reduce SRTCs and PSRTCs and support lifesaving policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Chen
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mark King
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety- Queensland, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jie He
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin Shi
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingfan Li
- Traffic Management Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yin J, Chen Y, Zhang ZH, Han X. Stimuli-Responsive Block Copolymer-Based Assemblies for Cargo Delivery and Theranostic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E268. [PMID: 30974545 PMCID: PMC6432437 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a number of tactics towards the fabrication and biomedical exploration of stimuli-responsive polymeric assemblies being responsive and adaptive to various factors have appeared, the controlled preparation of assemblies with well-defined physicochemical properties and tailor-made functions are still challenges. These responsive polymeric assemblies, which are triggered by stimuli, always exhibited reversible or irreversible changes in chemical structures and physical properties. However, simple drug/polymer nanocomplexes cannot deliver or release drugs into the diseased sites and cells on-demand due to the inevitable biological barriers. Hence, utilizing therapeutic or imaging agents-loaded stimuli-responsive block copolymer assemblies that are responsive to tumor internal microenvironments (pH, redox, enzyme, and temperature, etc.) or external stimuli (light and electromagnetic field, etc.) have emerged to be an important solution to improve therapeutic efficacy and imaging sensitivity through rationally designing as well as self-assembling approaches. In this review, we summarize a portion of recent progress in tumor and intracellular microenvironment responsive block copolymer assemblies and their applications in anticancer drug delivery and triggered release and enhanced imaging sensitivity. The outlook on future developments is also discussed. We hope that this review can stimulate more revolutionary ideas and novel concepts and meet the significant interest to diverse readers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Zhi-Huang Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang H, Huang X, Cai Q, Wang C, Cao X, Zhou D, Li J. Improvement of sexual function in POEMS syndrome after combination therapy of Lenalidomide and dexamethasone. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:80. [PMID: 27317315 PMCID: PMC4912786 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND POEMS syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome due to an underlying plasma cell neoplasm. Hypogonadism is the most common endocrine abnormality in POEMS syndrome. There is no data about improvement of hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction after appropriate treatment of POEMS syndrome so far. In this single-center prospective study, the efficacy of low-dose lenalidomide and dexamethasone combination therapy in the improvement of sexual and gonadal function in POEMS syndrome was evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-five patients with newly diagnosed POEMS syndrome were treated with Lenalidomide (10 mg daily for 21 days) and dexamethasone (40 mg once per week) for 12 cycles. The international index of erectile function (IIEF) in male patients, the female sexual function index (FSFI) in female patients, total testosterone, estradiol and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were reviewed. Sexual dysfunction was reported in 88.8 % (24/27)male and 90.9 % (10/11) female patients. 62.9 % (17/27) male and 25.0 % (3/12) female patients had hypogonadism. After 12-month treatment, the mean total FSFI score had increased from 17.1 ± 7.2 to 23.7 ± 7.2(p < 0.05). The arousal, orgasm and sex pain domains had been improved significantly. The mean IIEF scores had increased from 12.9 ± 13.0 to 20.5 ± 18.4 (p < 0.05). Erectile function, sexual desire and intercourse satisfaction had improved significantly at the end of treatment. No association between VEGF levels and sexual function improvement was found in both genders. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with low-dose lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is successful in improving sexual function in POEMS syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yang
- />Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xufei Huang
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Cai
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Cao
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daobin Zhou
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- />Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang P, Liu H, Wang Y, Liu O, Zhang J, Gleason A, Yang Z, Wang H, Shi A, Grant BD. RAB-10 Promotes EHBP-1 Bridging of Filamentous Actin and Tubular Recycling Endosomes. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006093. [PMID: 27272733 PMCID: PMC4894640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
EHBP-1 (Ehbp1) is a conserved regulator of endocytic recycling, acting as an effector of small GTPases including RAB-10 (Rab10). Here we present evidence that EHBP-1 associates with tubular endosomal phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] enriched membranes through an N-terminal C2-like (NT-C2) domain, and define residues within the NT-C2 domain that mediate membrane interaction. Furthermore, our results indicate that the EHBP-1 central calponin homology (CH) domain binds to actin microfilaments in a reaction that is stimulated by RAB-10(GTP). Loss of any aspect of this RAB-10/EHBP-1 system in the C. elegans intestinal epithelium leads to retention of basolateral recycling cargo in endosomes that have lost their normal tubular endosomal network (TEN) organization. We propose a mechanism whereby RAB-10 promotes the ability of endosome-bound EHBP-1 to also bind to the actin cytoskeleton, thereby promoting endosomal tubulation. Endosomes are intracellular organelles that sort protein and lipid components integral to the membrane, as well as more loosely associated lumenal content, for delivery to distinct intracellular destinations. Endosomes associated with recycling cargo back to the plasma membrane are often tubular in morphology, and this morphology is thought to be essential for recycling function. Our previous work identified a particularly dramatic network of endosomal tubules involved in membrane protein recycling in the basolateral intestinal epithelial cells of C. elegans. Our subsequent genetic analysis of basolateral recycling in this system identified a number of key regulators of these endosomes, including the small GTPase RAB-10 and its effector EHBP-1. Our new work presented here shows that EHBP-1 promotes endosomal tubulation by linking the membrane lipid PI(4,5)P2 to the actin cytoskeleton, and that the linkage of EHBP-1 to actin is enhanced by the interaction of EHBP-1 with RAB-10. This work has broad implications for how endosomal tubulation occurs in all cells, and has specific implications for the role of EHBP-1 in related processes such as insulin-stimulated recycling of glucose transporters in human adipocytes, a process intimately linked to type II diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ou Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Adenrele Gleason
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Zhenrong Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (AS); (BDG)
| | - Barth D. Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AS); (BDG)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao G, Denisova K, Sehatpour P, Long J, Gui W, Qiao J, Javitt DC, Wang Z. Fractal Dimension Analysis of Subcortical Gray Matter Structures in Schizophrenia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155415. [PMID: 27176232 PMCID: PMC4866699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A failure of adaptive inference—misinterpreting available sensory information for appropriate perception and action—is at the heart of clinical manifestations of schizophrenia, implicating key subcortical structures in the brain including the hippocampus. We used high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) fractal geometry analysis to study subtle and potentially biologically relevant structural alterations (in the geometry of protrusions, gyri and indentations, sulci) in subcortical gray matter (GM) in patients with schizophrenia relative to healthy individuals. In particular, we focus on utilizing Fractal Dimension (FD), a compact shape descriptor that can be computed using inputs with irregular (i.e., not necessarily smooth) surfaces in order to quantify complexity (of geometrical properties and configurations of structures across spatial scales) of subcortical GM in this disorder. Probabilistic (entropy-based) information FD was computed based on the box-counting approach for each of the seven subcortical structures, bilaterally, as well as the brainstem from high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images in chronic patients with schizophrenia (n = 19) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 19) (age ranges: patients, 22.7–54.3 and healthy controls, 24.9–51.6 years old). We found a significant reduction of FD in the left hippocampus (median: 2.1460, range: 2.07–2.18 vs. median: 2.1730, range: 2.15–2.23, p<0.001; Cohen’s effect size, U3 = 0.8158 (95% Confidence Intervals, CIs: 0.6316, 1.0)), the right hippocampus (median: 2.1430, range: 2.05–2.19 vs. median: 2.1760, range: 2.12–2.21, p = 0.004; U3 = 0.8421 (CIs: 0.5263, 1)), as well as left thalamus (median: 2.4230, range: 2.40–2.44, p = 0.005; U3 = 0.7895 (CIs: 0.5789, 0.9473)) in schizophrenia patients, relative to healthy individuals. Our findings provide in-vivo quantitative evidence for reduced surface complexity of hippocampus, with reduced FD indicating a less complex, less regular GM surface detected in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihu Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Kristina Denisova
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Sackler Institute for Psychobiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Pejman Sehatpour
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America
| | - Jun Long
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- * E-mail: ; ; (ZW); (JL)
| | - Weihua Gui
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jianping Qiao
- College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Daniel C. Javitt
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America
| | - Zhishun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
- * E-mail: ; ; (ZW); (JL)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Friction factor is an important element in both flow simulations and river engineering. In hydraulics, studies on the friction factor in turbulent regions have been based on the concept of three flow regimes, namely, the fully smooth regime, the fully rough regime, and the transitional regime, since the establishment of the Nikuradze's chart. However, this study further demonstrates that combining the friction factor with Reynolds number yields a united formula that can scale the entire turbulent region. This formula is derived by investigating the correlation between friction in turbulent pipe flow and its influencing factors, i.e., Reynolds number and relative roughness. In the present study, the formulae of Blasius and Stricklerare modified to rearrange the implicit model of Tao. In addition, we derive a united explicit formula that can compute the friction factor in the entire turbulent regimes based on the asymptotic behavior of the improved Tao's model. Compared with the reported formulae of Nikuradze, the present formula exhibits higher computational accuracy for the original pipe experiment data of Nikuradze.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenxin Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|