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Bagdadi N, Wu J, Delaroche J, Serre L, Delphin C, De Andrade M, Carcel M, Nawabi H, Pinson B, Vérin C, Couté Y, Gory-Fauré S, Andrieux A, Stoppin-Mellet V, Arnal I. Stable GDP-tubulin islands rescue dynamic microtubules. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307074. [PMID: 38758215 PMCID: PMC11101955 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic polymers that interconvert between phases of growth and shrinkage, yet they provide structural stability to cells. Growth involves hydrolysis of GTP-tubulin to GDP-tubulin, which releases energy that is stored within the microtubule lattice and destabilizes it; a GTP cap at microtubule ends is thought to prevent GDP subunits from rapidly dissociating and causing catastrophe. Here, using in vitro reconstitution assays, we show that GDP-tubulin, usually considered inactive, can itself assemble into microtubules, preferentially at the minus end, and promote persistent growth. GDP-tubulin-assembled microtubules are highly stable, displaying no detectable spontaneous shrinkage. Strikingly, islands of GDP-tubulin within dynamic microtubules stop shrinkage events and promote rescues. Microtubules thus possess an intrinsic capacity for stability, independent of accessory proteins. This finding provides novel mechanisms to explain microtubule dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassiba Bagdadi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Wu
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Delaroche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Serre
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Delphin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Manon De Andrade
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Marion Carcel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Homaira Nawabi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Benoît Pinson
- Metabolic Analyses Service, TBMCore—Université de Bordeaux—CNRS UAR 3427—INSERM US005, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Vérin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Gory-Fauré
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Stoppin-Mellet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Arnal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, U1216, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France
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2
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Niveau C, Sosa Cuevas E, Saas P, Aspord C. Glycans in melanoma: Drivers of tumour progression but sweet targets to exploit for immunotherapy. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38742251 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation recently emerged as an unmissable hallmark of cancer progression in many cancers. In melanoma, there is growing evidence that the tumour 'glycocode' plays a major role in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, migration, but also dictates the nature of the immune infiltrate, which strongly affects immune cell function, and clinical outcome. Aberrant glycosylation patterns dismantle anti-tumour defence through interactions with lectins on immune cells, which are crucial to shape anti-tumour immunity but also to trigger immune evasion. The glycan/lectin axis represents a new immune subversion pathway that is exploited by melanoma to hijack immune cells and escape from immune control. In this review, we describe the glycosylation features of melanoma tumour cells, and further gather findings related to the role of glycosylation in melanoma tumour progression, deciphering in detail its impact on immunity. We also depict glycan-based strategies aiming at restoring a functional anti-tumour response in melanoma patients. Glycans/lectins emerge as key immune checkpoints with promising translational properties. Exploitation of these pathways could reshape potent anti-tumour immunity while impeding immunosuppressive circuits triggered by aberrant tumour glycosylation patterns, holding great promise for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Niveau
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Eleonora Sosa Cuevas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Aspord
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team: Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling & Cancer, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, R&D Laboratory, Grenoble, France
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3
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Beato A, Haudecoeur R, Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M. Expanding Chemical Frontiers: Approaches for Generating Diverse and Bioactive Natural Product-Like Compounds Libraries from Extracts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304166. [PMID: 38372433 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The realms of natural products and synthetic compounds exhibit distinct chemical spaces that not only differ but also complement each other. While the convergence of these two domains has been explored through semisynthesis and conventional pharmacomodulation endeavours applied to natural frameworks, a recent and innovative approach has emerged that involves the combinatorial generation of libraries of 'natural product-like compounds' (NPLCs) through the direct synthetic derivatization of natural extracts. This has led to the production of numerous NPLCs that incorporate structural elements from both their natural (multiple saturated rings, oxygen content, chiral centres) and synthetic (aromatic rings, nitrogen and halogen content, drug-like properties) precursors. Through careful selection of extracts and reagents, specific bioactivities have been achieved, and this strategy has been deployed in various ways, showing great promise without reaching its full potential to date. This review seeks to provide an overview of reported examples involving the chemical engineering of extracts, showcasing a spectrum of natural product alterations spanning from simple substitutions to complete scaffold remodelling. It also includes an analysis of the accomplishments, perspectives and technical challenges within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Beato
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Haudecoeur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Boucherle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
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4
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Petit-Hartlein I, Vermot A, Thepaut M, Humm AS, Dupeux F, Dupuy J, Chaptal V, Marquez JA, Smith SME, Fieschi F. X-ray structure and enzymatic study of a bacterial NADPH oxidase highlight the activation mechanism of eukaryotic NOX. eLife 2024; 13:RP93759. [PMID: 38640072 PMCID: PMC11031084 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOX) are transmembrane proteins, widely spread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eukaryotes use the ROS products for innate immune defense and signaling in critical (patho)physiological processes. Despite the recent structures of human NOX isoforms, the activation of electron transfer remains incompletely understood. SpNOX, a homolog from Streptococcus pneumoniae, can serves as a robust model for exploring electron transfers in the NOX family thanks to its constitutive activity. Crystal structures of SpNOX full-length and dehydrogenase (DH) domain constructs are revealed here. The isolated DH domain acts as a flavin reductase, and both constructs use either NADPH or NADH as substrate. Our findings suggest that hydride transfer from NAD(P)H to FAD is the rate-limiting step in electron transfer. We identify significance of F397 in nicotinamide access to flavin isoalloxazine and confirm flavin binding contributions from both DH and Transmembrane (TM) domains. Comparison with related enzymes suggests that distal access to heme may influence the final electron acceptor, while the relative position of DH and TM does not necessarily correlate with activity, contrary to previous suggestions. It rather suggests requirement of an internal rearrangement, within the DH domain, to switch from a resting to an active state. Thus, SpNOX appears to be a good model of active NOX2, which allows us to propose an explanation for NOX2's requirement for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annelise Vermot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie StructuraleGrenobleFrance
| | - Michel Thepaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie StructuraleGrenobleFrance
| | | | - Florine Dupeux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie StructuraleGrenobleFrance
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryGrenobleFrance
| | - Jerome Dupuy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie StructuraleGrenobleFrance
| | | | | | - Susan ME Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State UniversityKennesawUnited States
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie StructuraleGrenobleFrance
- Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
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5
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Laigre E, Bonnet H, Beauvineau C, Lavergne T, Verga D, Defrancq E, Dejeu J, Teulade-Fichou MP. Systematic Evaluation of Benchmark G4 Probes and G4 Clinical Drugs using three Biophysical Methods: A Guideline to Evaluate Rapidly G4-Binding Affinity. Chembiochem 2024:e202400210. [PMID: 38619969 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
G-quadruplex DNA structures (G4) are proven to interfere with most genetic and epigenetic processes. Small molecules binding these structures (G4 ligands) are invaluable tools to probe G4-biology and address G4-druggability in various diseases (cancer, viral infections). However, the large number of reported G4 ligands (>1000) could lead to confusion while selecting one for a given application. Herein we conducted a systematic affinity ranking of 11 popular G4 ligands vs 5 classical G4 sequences using FRET-melting, G4-FID assays and SPR. Interestingly SPR data globally align with the rankings obtained from the two semi-quantitative assays despite discrepancies due to limits and characteristics of each assay. In the whole, PhenDC3 emerges as the most potent binder irrespective of the G4 sequence. Immediately below PDS, PDC-360A, BRACO19, TMPyP4 and RHPS4 feature strong to medium binding again with poor G4 topology discrimination. More strikingly, the G4 drugs Quarfloxin, CX5461 and c-PDS exhibit weak affinity with all G4s studied. Finally, NMM and Cu-ttpy showed heterogeneous behaviors due, in part, to their physicochemical particularities poorly compatible with screening conditions. The remarkable properties of PhenDC3 led us to propose its use for benchmarking FRET-melting and G4-FID assays for rapid G4-affinity evaluation of newly developed ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Laigre
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - H Bonnet
- DCM, UMR 5250, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 Rue de la Chimie, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - C Beauvineau
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - T Lavergne
- DCM, UMR 5250, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 Rue de la Chimie, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - D Verga
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - E Defrancq
- DCM, UMR 5250, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 Rue de la Chimie, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - J Dejeu
- DCM, UMR 5250, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 Rue de la Chimie, 38000, Grenoble, France
- SUPMICROTECH, Université Franche-Comté, CNRS, Institut FEMTO-ST, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - M-P Teulade-Fichou
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-91405, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
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6
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Abdukayumov K, Mičica M, Ibrahim F, Vojáček L, Vergnaud C, Marty A, Veuillen JY, Mallet P, de Moraes IG, Dosenovic D, Gambarelli S, Maurel V, Wright A, Tignon J, Mangeney J, Ouerghi A, Renard V, Mesple F, Li J, Bonell F, Okuno H, Chshiev M, George JM, Jaffrès H, Dhillon S, Jamet M. Atomic-Layer Controlled Transition from Inverse Rashba-Edelstein Effect to Inverse Spin Hall Effect in 2D PtSe 2 Probed by THz Spintronic Emission. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2304243. [PMID: 38160244 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, are ideal platforms for spin-to-charge conversion (SCC) as they possess strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), reduced dimensionality and crystal symmetries as well as tuneable band structure, compared to metallic structures. Moreover, SCC can be tuned with the number of layers, electric field, or strain. Here, SCC in epitaxially grown 2D PtSe2 by THz spintronic emission is studied since its 1T crystal symmetry and strong SOC favor SCC. High quality of as-grown PtSe2 layers is demonstrated, followed by in situ ferromagnet deposition by sputtering that leaves the PtSe2 unaffected, resulting in well-defined clean interfaces as evidenced with extensive characterization. Through this atomic growth control and using THz spintronic emission, the unique thickness-dependent electronic structure of PtSe2 allows the control of SCC. Indeed, the transition from the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect (IREE) in 1-3 monolayers (ML) to the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in multilayers (>3 ML) of PtSe2 enabling the extraction of the perpendicular spin diffusion length and relative strength of IREE and ISHE is demonstrated. This band structure flexibility makes PtSe2 an ideal candidate to explore the underlying mechanisms and engineering of the SCC as well as for the development of tuneable THz spintronic emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khasan Abdukayumov
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Martin Mičica
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Fatima Ibrahim
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Libor Vojáček
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Céline Vergnaud
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Alain Marty
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Jean-Yves Veuillen
- CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP-UGA, Institut NéeL, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Pierre Mallet
- CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP-UGA, Institut NéeL, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | | | | | - Serge Gambarelli
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG-SYMMES, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Vincent Maurel
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG-SYMMES, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Adrien Wright
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Jérôme Tignon
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Juliette Mangeney
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Abdelkarim Ouerghi
- CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - Vincent Renard
- CEA, IRIG-Pheliqs, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Florie Mesple
- CEA, IRIG-Pheliqs, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Jing Li
- CEA, Leti, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Frédéric Bonell
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Hanako Okuno
- CEA, IRIG-MEM, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Mairbek Chshiev
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, 75231, France
| | - Jean-Marie George
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, F-91767, France
| | - Henri Jaffrès
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, F-91767, France
| | - Sukhdeep Dhillon
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Matthieu Jamet
- CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP, IRIG-Spintec, Grenoble, 38000, France
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7
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Jreijiri F, Cavarocchi E, Amiri-Yekta A, Cazin C, Hosseini SH, El Khouri E, Patrat C, Thierry-Mieg N, Ray PF, Dulioust E, Whitfield M, Touré A. CCDC65, encoding a component of the axonemal Nexin-Dynein regulatory complex, is required for sperm flagellum structure in humans. Clin Genet 2024; 105:317-322. [PMID: 37975235 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Sperm flagella share an evolutionary conserved microtubule-based structure with motile cilia expressed at the surface of several cell types, such as the airways epithelial cells. As a result, male infertility can be observed as an isolated condition or a syndromic trait, illustrated by Primary Cilia Dyskinesia (PCD). We report two unrelated patients showing multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and carrying distinct homozygous truncating variants in the PCD-associated gene CCDC65. We characterized one of the identified variants (c.1208del; p.Asn403Ilefs*9), which induces the near absence of CCDC65 protein in patient sperm. In Chlamydomonas, CCDC65 ortholog (DRC2, FAP250) is a component of the Nexin-Dynein Regulatory complex (N-DRC), which interconnects microtubule doublets and coordinates dynein arms activity. In sperm cells from the patient, we also show the loss of GAS8, another component of the N-DRC, supporting a structural/functional link between the two proteins. Our work indicates that, similarly to ciliary axoneme, CCDC65 is required for sperm flagellum structure. Importantly, our work provides first evidence that mutations in the PCD-associated gene CCDC65 also cause asthenozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa Jreijiri
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Emma Cavarocchi
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Amir Amiri-Yekta
- Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Caroline Cazin
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Seyedeh-Hanieh Hosseini
- Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elma El Khouri
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Patrat
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Biologie de la Reproduction - APHP Centre-Université Paris Cité, Cochin, Paris, France
| | | | - Pierre F Ray
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Dulioust
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Biologie de la Reproduction - APHP Centre-Université Paris Cité, Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Whitfield
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Aminata Touré
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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8
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Schnider B, M’Rad Y, el Ahmadie J, de Brevern AG, Imberty A, Lisacek F. HumanLectome, an update of UniLectin for the annotation and prediction of human lectins. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1683-D1693. [PMID: 37889052 PMCID: PMC10767822 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The UniLectin portal (https://unilectin.unige.ch/) was designed in 2019 with the goal of centralising curated and predicted data on carbohydrate-binding proteins known as lectins. UniLectin is also intended as a support for the study of lectomes (full lectin set) of organisms or tissues. The present update describes the inclusion of several new modules and details the latest (https://unilectin.unige.ch/humanLectome/), covering our knowledge of the human lectome and comprising 215 unevenly characterised lectins, particularly in terms of structural information. Each HumanLectome entry is protein-centric and compiles evidence of carbohydrate recognition domain(s), specificity, 3D-structure, tissue-based expression and related genomic data. Other recent improvements regarding interoperability and accessibility are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Schnider
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yacine M’Rad
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jalaa el Ahmadie
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexandre G de Brevern
- Université Paris Cité and Université de la Réunion and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, DSIMB Bioinformatics Team, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frederique Lisacek
- Proteome Informatics Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, CH-1227 Geneva, Switzerland
- Section of Biology, University of Geneva, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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di Franco F, Rosuel N, Gallin-Martel L, Gallin-Martel ML, Ghafooryan-Sangchooli M, Keshmiri S, Motte JF, Muraz JF, Pellicioli P, Ruat M, Serduc R, Verry C, Dauvergne D, Adam JF. Monocrystalline diamond detector for online monitoring during synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy. J Synchrotron Radiat 2023; 30:1076-1085. [PMID: 37815374 PMCID: PMC10624038 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752300752x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a radiotherapy technique combining spatial fractionation of the dose distribution on a micrometric scale, X-rays in the 50-500 keV range and dose rates up to 16 × 103 Gy s-1. Nowadays, in vivo dosimetry remains a challenge due to the ultra-high radiation fluxes involved and the need for high-spatial-resolution detectors. The aim here was to develop a striped diamond portal detector enabling online microbeam monitoring during synchrotron MRT treatments. The detector, a 550 µm bulk monocrystalline diamond, is an eight-strip device, of height 3 mm, width 178 µm and with 60 µm spaced strips, surrounded by a guard ring. An eight-channel ASIC circuit for charge integration and digitization has been designed and tested. Characterization tests were performed at the ID17 biomedical beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The detector measured direct and attenuated microbeams as well as interbeam fluxes with a precision level of 1%. Tests on phantoms (RW3 and anthropomorphic head phantoms) were performed and compared with simulations. Synchrotron radiation measurements were performed on an RW3 phantom for strips facing a microbeam and for strips facing an interbeam area. A 2% difference between experiments and simulations was found. In more complex geometries, a preliminary study showed that the absolute differences between simulated and recorded transmitted beams were within 2%. Obtained results showed the feasibility of performing MRT portal monitoring using a microstriped diamond detector. Online dosimetric measurements are currently ongoing during clinical veterinary trials at ESRF, and the next 153-strip detector prototype, covering the entire irradiation field, is being finalized at our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca di Franco
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Rosuel
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sarvenaz Keshmiri
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
| | - Jean-François Motte
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Institut Néel, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Muraz
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Raphael Serduc
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Verry
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Dauvergne
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Adam
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
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10
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Breuillard C, Moulin S, Bouyon S, Couchet M, Moinard C, Belaidi E. Chronic intermittent hypoxia due to obstructive sleep apnea slightly alters nutritional status: a pre-clinical study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1250529. [PMID: 37964925 PMCID: PMC10642957 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1250529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia (cIH) that causes disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism. Animals exposed to cIH show lower body weight and food intake, but the protein-energy metabolism has never been investigated. Here, to address the gap, we studied the impact of cIH on nutritional status in rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups (n = 8): a control group (Ctrl), a cIH group (cIH) exposed to cIH (30 s 21-30 s 5% fraction of inspired oxygen, 8 h per day, for 14 days), and a pair-fed group (PF) exposed to normoxia with food intake adjusted to the intake of the cIH group rats with anorexia. Body weight and food intake were measured throughout the study. After 14 days, the rats were euthanized, the organs were collected, weighed, and the liver, intestine mucosa, and muscles were snap-frozen to measure total protein content. Food intake was decreased in the cIH group. Body weight was significantly lower in the cIH group only (-11%, p < 0.05). Thymus and liver weight as well as EDL protein content tended to be lower in the cIH group than in the Ctrl and PF groups. Jejunum and ileum mucosa protein contents were lower in the cIH group compared to the PF group. cIH causes a slight impairment of nutritional status and immunity. This pre-clinical work argues for greater consideration of malnutrition in care for OSAS patients. Further studies are warranted to devise an adequate nutritional strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Breuillard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Moulin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Bouyon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Morgane Couchet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Moinard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Elise Belaidi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Laboratory HP2, Grenoble, France
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11
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Mocaer K, Mizzon G, Gunkel M, Halavatyi A, Steyer A, Oorschot V, Schorb M, Le Kieffre C, Yee DP, Chevalier F, Gallet B, Decelle J, Schwab Y, Ronchi P. Targeted volume correlative light and electron microscopy of an environmental marine microorganism. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261355. [PMID: 37455654 PMCID: PMC10445747 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic microalgae are responsible for an important fraction of CO2 fixation and O2 production on Earth. Three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructural characterization of these organisms in their natural environment can contribute to a deeper understanding of their cell biology. However, the low throughput of volume electron microscopy (vEM) methods along with the complexity and heterogeneity of environmental samples pose great technical challenges. In the present study, we used a workflow based on a specific electron microscopy sample preparation method compatible with both light and vEM imaging in order to target one cell among a complex natural community. This method revealed the 3D subcellular landscape of a photosynthetic dinoflagellate, which we identified as Ensiculifera tyrrhenica, with quantitative characterization of multiple organelles. We show that this cell contains a single convoluted chloroplast and show the arrangement of the flagellar apparatus with its associated photosensitive elements. Moreover, we observed partial chromatin unfolding, potentially associated with transcription activity in these organisms, in which chromosomes are permanently condensed. Together with providing insights in dinoflagellate biology, this proof-of-principle study illustrates an efficient tool for the targeted ultrastructural analysis of environmental microorganisms in heterogeneous mixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Mocaer
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and the Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giulia Mizzon
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, CIID, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg partner site, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Gunkel
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aliaksandr Halavatyi
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Steyer
- EMBL Imaging Centre, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viola Oorschot
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schorb
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel P. Yee
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Johan Decelle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Le Priol C, Azencott CA, Gidrol X. Detection of genes with differential expression dispersion unravels the role of autophagy in cancer progression. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010342. [PMID: 36893104 PMCID: PMC9997931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of gene expression studies focus on the search for genes whose mean expression is different between two or more populations of samples in the so-called "differential expression analysis" approach. However, a difference in variance in gene expression may also be biologically and physiologically relevant. In the classical statistical model used to analyze RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data, the dispersion, which defines the variance, is only considered as a parameter to be estimated prior to identifying a difference in mean expression between conditions of interest. Here, we propose to evaluate four recently published methods, which detect differences in both the mean and dispersion in RNA-seq data. We thoroughly investigated the performance of these methods on simulated datasets and characterized parameter settings to reliably detect genes with a differential expression dispersion. We applied these methods to The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. Interestingly, among the genes with an increased expression dispersion in tumors and without a change in mean expression, we identified some key cellular functions, most of which were related to catabolism and were overrepresented in most of the analyzed cancers. In particular, our results highlight autophagy, whose role in cancerogenesis is context-dependent, illustrating the potential of the differential dispersion approach to gain new insights into biological processes and to discover new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Priol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA-IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (CLP); (XG)
| | - Chloé-Agathe Azencott
- Center for Computational Biology, Mines ParisTech, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA-IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (CLP); (XG)
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13
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Goyard D, Ortiz AMS, Boturyn D, Renaudet O. Multivalent glycocyclopeptides: conjugation methods and biological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8756-8783. [PMID: 36193815 PMCID: PMC9575389 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00640e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry was extensively used to decorate synthetic multivalent scaffolds with glycans to mimic the cell surface glycocalyx and to develop applications in glycosciences. Conjugation methods such as oxime ligation, copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition, thiol-ene coupling, squaramide coupling or Lansbury aspartylation proved particularly suitable to achieve this purpose. This review summarizes the synthetic strategies that can be used either in a stepwise manner or in an orthogonal one-pot approach, to conjugate multiple copies of identical or different glycans to cyclopeptide scaffolds (namely multivalent glycocyclopeptides) having different size, valency, geometry and molecular composition. The second part of this review will describe the potential of these structures to interact with various carbohydrate binding proteins or to stimulate immunity against tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Didier Boturyn
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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14
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Tessier D, Nicaise V, Sarrazin P. The effects of a cluster-randomized control trial manipulating exercise goal content and planning on physical activity among low-active adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:950107. [PMID: 36186378 PMCID: PMC9516308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.950107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present two studies was to investigate whether in framing messages that target salient beliefs of youth, the type of goal framed matter to promote physical activity (PA) participation among low-active adolescents (i.e., participating in less than 1 h/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA). More specifically, the main trial (study 2) compared the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic-goal framing messages alongside planning (IMC + P and EMC + P) to a control condition (CC) on low-active adolescents' physical activity (PA), intention, attitude, and exercise goals, and examined the potential meditational effect of these variables between condition and PA. Low-active students (n = 193; M age = 16.89) from fifteen classes were assigned to one of these three conditions. PA was assessed using an accelerometer, and the socio-cognitive mediators were measured at baseline (i.e., 2 weeks before the intervention) and post-test, and the intention was measured again at follow-up (i.e., 2 weeks after the intervention). Results showed that compared to adolescents in the CC group, those in the experimental conditions did not do more moderate PA, but carried out more light PA, and yielded an increase in attitude and intention. Mediational analysis revealed no significant effect of the potential mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virginie Nicaise
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, France
- Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport, University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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15
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Lecavelier des Etangs A, Cros L, Hébrard G, Martioli E, Duquesnoy M, Kenworthy MA, Kiefer F, Lacour S, Lagrange AM, Meunier N, Vidal-Madjar A. Exocomets size distribution in the [Formula: see text] Pictoris planetary system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5855. [PMID: 35484269 PMCID: PMC9051165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The star [Formula: see text] Pictoris harbors a young planetary system of about 20 million years old, which is characterized by the presence of a gaseous and dusty debris disk, at least two massive planets and many minor bodies. For more than thirty years, exocomets transiting the star have been detected using spectroscopy, probing the gaseous part of the cometary comas and tails. The detection of the dusty component of the tails can be performed through photometric observations of the transits. Since 2018, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite has observed [Formula: see text] Pic for a total of 156 days. Here we report an analysis of the TESS photometric data set with the identification of a total of 30 transits of exocomets. Our statistical analysis shows that the number of transiting exocomet events (N) as a function of the absorption depth (AD) in the light curve follows a power law in the form [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. This distribution of absorption depth leads to a differential comet size distribution proportional to [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], showing a striking similarity to the size distribution of comets in the Solar system and the distribution of a collisionally relaxed population ([Formula: see text]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Lecavelier des Etangs
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Lucie Cros
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
- Ecole nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université PSL, 60 boulevard Saint-Michel, 75272 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Hébrard
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
- Observatoire de Haute-Provence, 04870, St Michel l’Observatoire, France
| | - Eder Martioli
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
- Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica, Rua Estados Unidos 154, 37504-364 Itajubá, MG Brazil
| | - Marc Duquesnoy
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | | | - Flavien Kiefer
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - Sylvestre Lacour
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - Anne-Marie Lagrange
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - Nadège Meunier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alfred Vidal-Madjar
- Institut d’astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, Sorbonne Université, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
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16
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Kelly JL, Ben Messaoud R, Joyeux-Faure M, Terrail R, Tamisier R, Martinot JB, Le-Dong NN, Morrell MJ, Pépin JL. Diagnosis of Sleep Apnoea Using a Mandibular Monitor and Machine Learning Analysis: One-Night Agreement Compared to in-Home Polysomnography. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:726880. [PMID: 35368281 PMCID: PMC8965001 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.726880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe capacity to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) must be expanded to meet an estimated disease burden of nearly one billion people worldwide. Validated alternatives to the gold standard polysomnography (PSG) will improve access to testing and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis of OSA, using measurements of mandibular movement (MM) combined with automated machine learning analysis, compared to in-home PSG.Methods40 suspected OSA patients underwent single overnight in-home sleep testing with PSG (Nox A1, ResMed, Australia) and simultaneous MM monitoring (Sunrise, Sunrise SA, Belgium). PSG recordings were manually analysed by two expert sleep centres (Grenoble and London); MM analysis was automated. The Obstructive Respiratory Disturbance Index calculated from the MM monitoring (MM-ORDI) was compared to the PSG (PSG-ORDI) using intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed to optimise the diagnostic performance of the MM monitor at different PSG-ORDI thresholds (5, 15, and 30 events/hour).Results31 patients were included in the analysis (58% men; mean (SD) age: 48 (15) years; BMI: 30.4 (7.6) kg/m2). Good agreement was observed between MM-ORDI and PSG-ORDI (median bias 0.00; 95% CI −23.25 to + 9.73 events/hour). However, for 15 patients with no or mild OSA, MM monitoring overestimated disease severity (PSG-ORDI < 5: MM-ORDI mean overestimation + 5.58 (95% CI + 2.03 to + 7.46) events/hour; PSG-ORDI > 5–15: MM-ORDI overestimation + 3.70 (95% CI −0.53 to + 18.32) events/hour). In 16 patients with moderate-severe OSA (n = 9 with PSG-ORDI 15–30 events/h and n = 7 with a PSG-ORD > 30 events/h), there was an underestimation (PSG-ORDI > 15: MM-ORDI underestimation −8.70 (95% CI −28.46 to + 4.01) events/hour). ROC optimal cut-off values for PSG-ORDI thresholds of 5, 15, 30 events/hour were: 9.53, 12.65 and 24.81 events/hour, respectively. These cut-off values yielded a sensitivity of 88, 100 and 79%, and a specificity of 100, 75, 96%. The positive predictive values were: 100, 80, 95% and the negative predictive values 89, 100, 82%, respectively.ConclusionThe diagnosis of OSA, using MM with machine learning analysis, is comparable to manually scored in-home PSG. Therefore, this novel monitor could be a convenient diagnostic tool that can easily be used in the patients’ own home.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04262557
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L. Kelly
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raoua Ben Messaoud
- HP2 Laboratory, Inserm U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Joyeux-Faure
- HP2 Laboratory, Inserm U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
- EFCR Laboratory, Thorax and Vessels division, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Robin Terrail
- HP2 Laboratory, Inserm U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
- EFCR Laboratory, Thorax and Vessels division, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Tamisier
- HP2 Laboratory, Inserm U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
- EFCR Laboratory, Thorax and Vessels division, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Martinot
- Sleep Laboratory, CHU Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) Namur Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCL Bruxelles Woluwe, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Mary J. Morrell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Louis Pépin
- HP2 Laboratory, Inserm U1300, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
- EFCR Laboratory, Thorax and Vessels division, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Louis Pépin,
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Abstract
Apicomplexa are obligate intracellular parasites responsible for major human infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis and malaria, which pose social and economic burdens around the world. To survive and propagate, these parasites need to acquire a significant number of essential biomolecules from their hosts. Among these biomolecules, lipids are a key metabolite required for parasite membrane biogenesis, signaling events, and energy storage. Parasites can either scavenge lipids from their host or synthesize them de novo in a relict plastid, the apicoplast. During their complex life cycle (sexual/asexual/dormant), Apicomplexa infect a large variety of cells and their metabolic flexibility allows them to adapt to different host environments such as low/high fat content or low/high sugar levels. In this review, we discuss the role of lipids in Apicomplexa parasites and summarize recent findings on the metabolic mechanisms in host nutrient adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Shunmugam
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe-Sébastien Arnold
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
| | - Sheena Dass
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicholas J. Katris
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
| | - Cyrille Y. Botté
- Apicolipid Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: ,
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18
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Goyard D, Diriwari PI, Berthet N. Metabolic labelling of cancer cells with glycodendrimers stimulate immune-mediated cytotoxicity. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:72-78. [PMID: 35211675 PMCID: PMC8792828 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00262g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of antibody naturally present in human blood stream at the surface of cancer cells have been proved a promising immunotherapeutic strategy to fight cancer. Antibody recruiting molecules (ARMs) combining tumor and antibody binding modules have been developed for this purpose, however the formation of the interacting complex with both antibody and cell is difficult to optimize to stimulate immune-mediated cytotoxicity. To circumvent this limitation, we report herein a more direct approach combining cell metabolism of azido-sugar and bio-orthogonal click chemistry to conjugate at the cell glycocalyx structurally well-defined glycodendrimers as antibody binding module (ABM). We demonstrate that this strategy allows not only the recruitment of natural antibody at the surface of isolated cells or solid tumor models but also activate a cytotoxic response with human serum as unique source of immune effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS DCM UMR 5250 F-38000 Grenoble France
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Mendoza C, Désert A, Chateau D, Monnereau C, Khrouz L, Lerouge F, Andraud C, Monbaliu JCM, Parola S, Heinrichs B. Au nanobipyramids@mSiO 2 core-shell nanoparticles for plasmon-enhanced singlet oxygen photooxygenations in segmented flow microreactors. Nanoscale Adv 2020; 2:5280-5287. [PMID: 36132037 PMCID: PMC9416853 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00533a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The plasmonic features of gold nanomaterials provide intriguing optical effects which can find potential applications in various fields. These effects depend strongly on the size and shape of the metal nanostructures. For instance, Au bipyramids (AuBPs) exhibit intense and well-defined plasmon resonance, easily tunable by controlling their aspect ratio, which can act synergistically with chromophores for enhancing their photophysical properties. In Rose Bengal-nanoparticle systems it is now well established that the control of the dye-to-nanoparticle distance ranging from 10 to 20 nm as well as spectral overlaps is crucial to achieve appropriate coupling between the plasmon resonance and the dye, thus affecting its ability to generate singlet oxygen (1O2). We have developed AuBPs@mSiO2 core-shell nanostructures that provide control over the distance between the metal surface and the photosensitizers for improving the production of 1O2 (metal-enhanced 1O2 production - ME1O2). A drastic enhancement of 1O2 generation is evidenced for the resulting AuBPs and AuBPs@mSiO2 in the presence of Rose Bengal, using a combination of three indirect methods of 1O2 detection, namely in operando Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP) as a chemical trap, photooxygenation of the fluorescence probe anthracene-9,10-dipropionic acid (ADPA), and photooxygenation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide in a segmented flow microreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mendoza
- Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry (NCE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège B-4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Anthony Désert
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Denis Chateau
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Cyrille Monnereau
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Fréderic Lerouge
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), Research Unit MolSys, University of Liège B-4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Stéphane Parola
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie 46 Allée d'Italie Lyon F69364 France
| | - Benoît Heinrichs
- Nanomaterials, Catalysis & Electrochemistry (NCE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège B-4000 Liège Belgium
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Eymard-Vernain E, Luche S, Rabilloud T, Lelong C. ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles alter the ability of Bacillus subtilis to fight against a stress. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240510. [PMID: 33045025 PMCID: PMC7549824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, the use of nanomaterials increases over time in industrial and medical processes. We herein report the negative impact of nanoparticles, using solid growth conditions mimicking a biofilm, on the ability of Bacillus subtilis to fight against a stress. Bacteria have been exposed to sublethal doses of nanoparticles corresponding to conditions that bacteria may meet in their natural biotopes, the upper layer of soil or the gut microbiome. The analysis of the proteomic data obtained by shotgun mass spectrometry have shown that several metabolic pathways are affected in response to nanoparticles, n-ZnO or n-TiO2, or zinc salt: the methyglyoxal and thiol metabolisms, the oxidative stress and the stringent responses. Nanoparticles being embedded in the agar medium, these impacts are the consequence of a physiological adaptation rather than a physical cell injury. Overall, these results show that nanoparticles, by altering bacterial physiology and especially the ability to resist to a stress, may have profound influences on a “good bacteria”, Bacillus subtilis, in its natural biotope and moreover, on the global equilibrium of this biotope.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvie Luche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM UMR CNRS5249, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM UMR CNRS5249, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Lelong
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM UMR CNRS5249, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Boopathi R, Danev R, Khoshouei M, Kale S, Nahata S, Ramos L, Angelov D, Dimitrov S, Hamiche A, Petosa C, Bednar J. Phase-plate cryo-EM structure of the Widom 601 CENP-A nucleosome core particle reveals differential flexibility of the DNA ends. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5735-5748. [PMID: 32313946 PMCID: PMC7261176 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone H3 variant CENP-A marks centromeres epigenetically and is essential for mitotic fidelity. Previous crystallographic studies of the CENP-A nucleosome core particle (NCP) reconstituted with a human α-satellite DNA derivative revealed both DNA ends to be highly flexible, a feature important for CENP-A mitotic functions. However, recent cryo-EM studies of CENP-A NCP complexes comprising primarily Widom 601 DNA reported well-ordered DNA ends. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of the CENP-A 601 NCP determined by Volta phase-plate imaging. The data reveal that one (‘left’) 601 DNA end is well ordered whereas the other (‘right’) end is flexible and partly detached from the histone core, suggesting sequence-dependent dynamics of the DNA termini. Indeed, a molecular dynamics simulation of the CENP-A 601 NCP confirmed the distinct dynamics of the two DNA extremities. Reprocessing the image data using two-fold symmetry yielded a cryo-EM map in which both DNA ends appeared well ordered, indicating that such an artefact may inadvertently arise if NCP asymmetry is lost during image processing. These findings enhance our understanding of the dynamic features that discriminate CENP-A from H3 nucleosomes by revealing that DNA end flexibility can be fine-tuned in a sequence-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Boopathi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Radostin Danev
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maryam Khoshouei
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Seyit Kale
- Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20894, USA
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir 35330, Turkey
| | - Sunil Nahata
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lorrie Ramos
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dimitar Angelov
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Modélisation de la Cellule (LBMC), CNRS/ ENSL/UCBL, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Stefan Dimitrov
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balcova, Izmir 35330, Turkey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Stefan Dimitrov.
| | - Ali Hamiche
- Département de Génomique Fonctionnelle et Cancer, Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)/Université de Strasbourg/ CNRS/INSERM, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Ali Hamiche.
| | - Carlo Petosa
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Carlo Petosa.
| | - Jan Bednar
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 4 76 54 94 73;
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Dalzon B, Bons J, Diemer H, Collin-Faure V, Marie-Desvergne C, Dubosson M, Cianferani S, Carapito C, Rabilloud T. A Proteomic View of Cellular Responses to Anticancer Quinoline-Copper Complexes. Proteomes 2019; 7:26. [PMID: 31238524 PMCID: PMC6630412 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes7020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-containing drugs have long been used in anticancer therapies. The mechansims of action of platinum-based drugs are now well-understood, which cannot be said of drugs containing other metals, such as gold or copper. To gain further insights into such mechanisms, we used a classical proteomic approach based on two-dimensional elelctrophoresis to investigate the mechanisms of action of a hydroxyquinoline-copper complex, which shows promising anticancer activities, using the leukemic cell line RAW264.7 as the biological target. Pathway analysis of the modulated proteins highlighted changes in the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, the mitochondrion, the cell adhesion-cytoskeleton pathway, and carbon metabolism or oxido-reduction. In line with these prteomic-derived hypotheses, targeted validation experiments showed that the hydroxyquinoline-copper complex induces a massive reduction in free glutathione and a strong alteration in the actin cytoskeleton, suggesting a multi-target action of the hydroxyquinoline-copper complex on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Dalzon
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5249, CEA, IRIG,CBM, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Joanna Bons
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hélène Diemer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Véronique Collin-Faure
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5249, CEA, IRIG,CBM, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Caroline Marie-Desvergne
- Nanosafety Platform, Medical Biology Laboratory (LBM), Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Muriel Dubosson
- Nanosafety Platform, Medical Biology Laboratory (LBM), Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5249, CEA, IRIG,CBM, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
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Genthial R, Gerbaix M, Farlay D, Vico L, Beaurepaire E, Débarre D, Gourrier A. Third harmonic generation imaging and analysis of the effect of low gravity on the lacuno-canalicular network of mouse bone. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209079. [PMID: 30601851 PMCID: PMC6314573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lacuno-canalicular network (LCN) hosting the osteocytes in bone tissue represents a biological signature of the mechanotransduction activity in response to external biomechanical loading. Using third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy with sub-micrometer resolution, we investigate the impact of microgravity on the 3D LCN structure in mice following space flight. A specific analytical procedure to extract the LCN characteristics from THG images is described for ex vivo studies of bone sections. The analysis conducted in different anatomical quadrants of femoral cortical bone didn’t reveal any statistical differences between the control, habitat control and flight groups, suggesting that the LCN connectivity is not affected by one month space flight. However, significant variations are systematically observed within each sample. We show that our current lack of understanding of the extent of the LCN heterogeneity at the organ level hinders the interpretation of such investigations based on a limited number of samples and we discuss the implications for future biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maude Gerbaix
- INSERM U1059, Université de Lyon, St Etienne, France
- French National Centre for Space Studies, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM U1059, Université de Lyon, St Etienne, France
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Lab. for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Palaiseau, France
| | - Delphine Débarre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (DD); (AG)
| | - Aurélien Gourrier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (DD); (AG)
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Chahtane H, Zhang B, Norberg M, LeMasson M, Thévenon E, Bakó L, Benlloch R, Holmlund M, Parcy F, Nilsson O, Vachon G. LEAFY activity is post-transcriptionally regulated by BLADE ON PETIOLE2 and CULLIN3 in Arabidopsis. New Phytol 2018; 220:579-592. [PMID: 29995985 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis LEAFY (LFY) transcription factor is a key regulator of floral meristem emergence and identity. LFY interacts genetically and physically with UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS, a substrate adaptor of CULLIN1-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes (CRL1). The functionally redundant genes BLADE ON PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and -2 (BOP2) are potential candidates to regulate LFY activity and have recently been shown to be substrate adaptors of CULLIN3 (CUL3)-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL3). We tested the hypothesis that LFY activity is controlled by BOPs and CUL3s in plants and that LFY is a substrate for ubiquitination by BOP-containing CRL3 complexes. When constitutively expressed, LFY activity is fully dependent on BOP2 as well as on CUL3A and B to regulate target genes such as APETALA1 and to induce ectopic flower formation. We also show that LFY and BOP2 proteins interact physically and that LFY-dependent ubiquitinated species are produced in vitro in a reconstituted cell-free CRL3 system in the presence of LFY, BOP2 and CUL3. This new post-translational regulation of LFY activity by CRL3 complexes makes it a unique transcription factor subjected to a positive dual regulation by both CRL1 and CRL3 complexes and suggests a novel mechanism for promoting flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Chahtane
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG-LPCV, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Bo Zhang
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Mikael Norberg
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Marie LeMasson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG-LPCV, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Emmanuel Thévenon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG-LPCV, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - László Bakó
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Reyes Benlloch
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Mattias Holmlund
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - François Parcy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG-LPCV, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE, S-901 83, Sweden
| | - Gilles Vachon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG-LPCV, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Roux-Sibilon A, Rutgé F, Aptel F, Attye A, Guyader N, Boucart M, Chiquet C, Peyrin C. Scene and human face recognition in the central vision of patients with glaucoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193465. [PMID: 29481572 PMCID: PMC5826536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) firstly mainly affects peripheral vision. Current behavioral studies support the idea that visual defects of patients with POAG extend into parts of the central visual field classified as normal by static automated perimetry analysis. This is particularly true for visual tasks involving processes of a higher level than mere detection. The purpose of this study was to assess visual abilities of POAG patients in central vision. Patients were assigned to two groups following a visual field examination (Humphrey 24–2 SITA-Standard test). Patients with both peripheral and central defects and patients with peripheral but no central defect, as well as age-matched controls, participated in the experiment. All participants had to perform two visual tasks where low-contrast stimuli were presented in the central 6° of the visual field. A categorization task of scene images and human face images assessed high-level visual recognition abilities. In contrast, a detection task using the same stimuli assessed low-level visual function. The difference in performance between detection and categorization revealed the cost of high-level visual processing. Compared to controls, patients with a central visual defect showed a deficit in both detection and categorization of all low-contrast images. This is consistent with the abnormal retinal sensitivity as assessed by perimetry. However, the deficit was greater for categorization than detection. Patients without a central defect showed similar performances to the controls concerning the detection and categorization of faces. However, while the detection of scene images was well-maintained, these patients showed a deficit in their categorization. This suggests that the simple loss of peripheral vision could be detrimental to scene recognition, even when the information is displayed in central vision. This study revealed subtle defects in the central visual field of POAG patients that cannot be predicted by static automated perimetry assessment using Humphrey 24–2 SITA-Standard test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Floriane Rutgé
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Florent Aptel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Attye
- Department of Neuroradiology and MRI, University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Nathalie Guyader
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, GIPSA-Lab UMR 5210, Grenoble, France
| | - Muriel Boucart
- Université de Lille, CNRS, SCALab UMR 9193, Lille, France
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Reboud E, Bouillot S, Patot S, Béganton B, Attrée I, Huber P. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExlA and Serratia marcescens ShlA trigger cadherin cleavage by promoting calcium influx and ADAM10 activation. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006579. [PMID: 28832671 PMCID: PMC5584975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pore-forming toxins are potent virulence factors secreted by a large array of bacteria. Here, we deciphered the action of ExlA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ShlA from Serratia marcescens on host cell-cell junctions. ExlA and ShlA are two members of a unique family of pore-forming toxins secreted by a two-component secretion system. Bacteria secreting either toxin induced an ExlA- or ShlA-dependent rapid cleavage of E-cadherin and VE-cadherin in epithelial and endothelial cells, respectively. Cadherin proteolysis was executed by ADAM10, a host cell transmembrane metalloprotease. ADAM10 activation is controlled in the host cell by cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. We show that Ca2+ influx, induced by ExlA or ShlA pore formation in the plasma membrane, triggered ADAM10 activation, thereby leading to cadherin cleavage. Our data suggest that ADAM10 is not a cellular receptor for ExlA and ShlA, further confirming that ADAM10 activation occurred via Ca2+ signalling. In conclusion, ExlA- and ShlA-secreting bacteria subvert a regulation mechanism of ADAM10 to activate cadherin shedding, inducing intercellular junction rupture, cell rounding and loss of tissue barrier integrity. Pore-forming toxins are the most widespread toxins delivered by pathogenic bacteria and are required for full virulence. Pore-forming toxins perforate membranes of host cells for intracellular delivery of bacterial factors, for bacterial escape from phagosomes or in order to kill cells. Loss of membrane integrity, especially the plasma membrane, has broad implications on cell and tissue physiology. Here, we show that two members of a unique family of pore-forming toxins, secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens, have the capacity to disrupt cell-cell junctions of epithelial and endothelial cells, hence breaching two major tissue barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Reboud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA BIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Bouillot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA BIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Patot
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, Université Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Benoît Béganton
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA BIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Ina Attrée
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA BIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Huber
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA BIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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27
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Bosson A, Paumier A, Boisseau S, Jacquier-Sarlin M, Buisson A, Albrieux M. TRPA1 channels promote astrocytic Ca 2+ hyperactivity and synaptic dysfunction mediated by oligomeric forms of amyloid-β peptide. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:53. [PMID: 28683776 PMCID: PMC5501536 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive synaptic loss is thought to be one of the earliest events in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the key mechanisms that maintain plasticity of synapses during adulthood or initiate synapse dysfunction in AD remain unknown. Recent studies suggest that astrocytes contribute to functional changes observed during synaptic plasticity and play a major role in synaptic dysfunction but astrocytes behavior and involvement in early phases of AD remained largely undefined. METHODS We measure astrocytic calcium activity in mouse CA1 hippocampus stratum radiatum in both the global astrocytic population and at a single cell level, focusing in the highly compartmentalized astrocytic arbor. Concurrently, we measure excitatory post-synaptic currents in nearby pyramidal neurons. RESULTS We find that application of soluble Aβ oligomers (Aβo) induced fast and widespread calcium hyperactivity in the astrocytic population and in the microdomains of the astrocyte arbor. We show that astrocyte hyperactivity is independent of neuronal activity and is repaired by transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) channels blockade. In return, this TRPA1 channels-dependent hyperactivity influences neighboring CA1 neurons triggering an increase in glutamatergic spontaneous activity. Interestingly, in an AD mouse model (APP/PS1-21 mouse), astrocyte calcium hyperactivity equally takes place at the beginning of Aβ production, depends on TRPA1 channels and is linked to CA1 neurons hyperactivity. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments demonstrate that astrocytes contribute to early Aβo toxicity exhibiting a global and local Ca2+ hyperactivity that involves TRPA1 channels and is related to neuronal hyperactivity. Together, our data suggest that astrocyte is a frontline target of Aβo and highlight a novel mechanism for the understanding of early synaptic dysregulation induced by soluble Aβo species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bosson
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Adrien Paumier
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Boisseau
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Muriel Jacquier-Sarlin
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Buisson
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mireille Albrieux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP170, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Großkopf T, Consuegra J, Gaffé J, Willison JC, Lenski RE, Soyer OS, Schneider D. Metabolic modelling in a dynamic evolutionary framework predicts adaptive diversification of bacteria in a long-term evolution experiment. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:163. [PMID: 27544664 PMCID: PMC4992563 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting adaptive trajectories is a major goal of evolutionary biology and useful for practical applications. Systems biology has enabled the development of genome-scale metabolic models. However, analysing these models via flux balance analysis (FBA) cannot predict many evolutionary outcomes including adaptive diversification, whereby an ancestral lineage diverges to fill multiple niches. Here we combine in silico evolution with FBA and apply this modelling framework, evoFBA, to a long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli. RESULTS Simulations predicted the adaptive diversification that occurred in one experimental population and generated hypotheses about the mechanisms that promoted coexistence of the diverged lineages. We experimentally tested and, on balance, verified these mechanisms, showing that diversification involved niche construction and character displacement through differential nutrient uptake and altered metabolic regulation. CONCLUSION The evoFBA framework represents a promising new way to model biochemical evolution, one that can generate testable predictions about evolutionary and ecosystem-level outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Großkopf
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jessika Consuegra
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIMC-IMAG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Joël Gaffé
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIMC-IMAG, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - John C Willison
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Institut de recherches en technologies et sciences pour le vivant - Laboratoire de chimie et biologie des métaux (iRTSV-LCBM), Grenoble, F-38000, France
- CNRS, iRTSV-LCBM, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), iRTSV-LCBM, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Richard E Lenski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Orkun S Soyer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| | - Dominique Schneider
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble (TIMC-IMAG), F-38000, Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIMC-IMAG, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
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