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Lei W, Qi M, Tan P, Yang S, Fan L, Li H, Gao Z. Impact of polyphenol-loaded edible starch nanomaterials on antioxidant capacity and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130979. [PMID: 38508552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) have the capability to adsorb polyphenol components from apple pomace efficiently, forming bound polyphenols (P-SNPs). These bound polyphenols may have potential bioactivities to affect human health positively. Therefore, in-depth in vivo observation of the antioxidant activity and evaluation of its gut microbiota regulatory function are essential. The results revealed that P-SNPs indicated significant scavenging abilities against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the nanomaterials exhibited non-toxic properties, devoid of hepatorenal and intestinal damage, while concurrently stimulating the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) within the gastrointestinal tract. Notably, P-SNPs significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity in serum, liver, and kidney tissues, fostering the proliferation of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bacillus, norank_f__Muribaculaceae) while suppressing pathogenic bacterial growth (Helicobacter, Odoribacter). This study proposes a novel research concept for the scientific use of polyphenols in promoting gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Maodong Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Li X, Liu Y, Luo B, Xiang W, Chen Z. Effect of apple polyphenols on physicochemical properties of pea starch/pulp cellulose nanofiber composite biodegradable films. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128480. [PMID: 38052284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A pea starch (PS) and pulp cellulose nanofibers (CNF-P) hybrid matrix biodegradable film was prepared using apple polyphenol (AP) as the active substance. SEM and thermogravimetric analyses showed that apple polyphenols could be uniformly distributed and form hydrogen bonds with the matrix, and the increase in crystallinity improved the thermal stability of the films (the final residue of the films increased from 22.66 % to 31.82 %). The TS and EAB of the films reached their maximum values of 11.14 ± 1.73 MPa and 71.55 ± 8.8 %, respectively, at an AP content of 1.5 %. It should be noted that the antioxidant properties of the films were significantly positively correlated with the AP content, and the DPPH radical scavenging rate of the films reached 73.77 % at an AP content of 4.5 %, which was about 49 times higher than that of the control film. The same trend was observed in the UV-vis spectra. In addition, the total color difference and water solubility of the membranes increased from 4.29 ± 0.29 to 31.86 ± 1.90 and from 20.01 ± 0.97 % to 21.70 ± 1.99 %, respectively, and the biodegradability also showed an upward trend. These findings provide a theoretical basis and data support for the development of multifunctional biodegradable food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built By Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu 610039, China; Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology of Sichuan, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Bangping Luo
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Wenliang Xiang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built By Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu 610039, China; Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology of Sichuan, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built By Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu 610039, China; Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology of Sichuan, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China
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Wang L, Wang H, Liu D, Han Z, Fan J. A review of the polyphenols purification from apple products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36876502 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2185199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Apple polyphenols are one of the major bioactive compounds in apple products and have strong anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to prevent chronic diseases with health benefits. The development of apple polyphenol products is dependent on the extraction, purification and identification of apple polyphenols. The extracted polyphenols need to be further purified to improve the concentration of the extracted polyphenols. This review, therefore, presents the studies on the conventional and novel methods for polyphenols purification from apple products. The different chromatography methods, as one of the most widely used conventional purification methods, for polyphenol purification from various apple products are introduced. In addition, the perspective of the adsorption-desorption process and membrane filtration technique in enhancing the purification of polyphenols from apple products are presented in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of these purification techniques are also discussed and compared in depth. However, each of the reviewed technologies has some disadvantages that need to be overcome, and some mechanisms need to be further identified. Therefore, more competitive polyphenols purification techniques need to emerge in the future. It is hoped that this review can provide a research basis for the efficient purification of apple polyphenols, which can facilitate their application in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute, Jilin University, Yibin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Chen J, Zhang H, Hu X, Xu M, Su Y, Zhang C, Yue Y, Zhang X, Wang X, Cui W, Zhao Z, Li X. Phloretin exhibits potential food-drug interactions by inhibiting human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 84:105447. [PMID: 35868516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phloretin is a well-known apple polyphenol possessing a wide variety of biological effects and has been widely used in many fields. However, it's unclear whether phloretin has an effect on the activity of human UGT enzymes. Our study indicated that phloretin inhibited human UGTs on a broad spectrum. Further kinetic analysis revealed that phloretin inhibited UGT1A1, 1A6, 1A9, 2B7, and 2B15 in a noncompetitive manner, with calculated Ki of 8.34 μM, 16.69 μM, 10.58 μM, 17.74 μM and 2.46μΜ, respectively, whereas phloretin inhibited UGT1A7 in an un-competitive manner, with calculated Ki of 5.70 μM. According to the quantitative risk prediction, co-administration of phloretin with drugs primarily metabolized by UGT1A7 and/or UGT2B15 may result in potential food-drug interactions. To sum up, when phloretin or phloretin-rich food is administered with medications metabolized by UGT1A7 and/or UGT2B15, concern should be exercised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqian Chen
- Departments of Pharmacy, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin 300134, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xia Hu
- Department of Agriculture Insect, Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yanjun Su
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, PR China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Wei Cui
- School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Departments of Pharmacy, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital, Tianjin 300134, PR China.
| | - Xichuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
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Shang YF, Miao JH, Zeng J, Zhang TH, Zhang RM, Zhang BY, Wang C, Ma YL, Niu XL, Ni XL, Wei ZJ. Evaluation of digestibility differences for apple polyphenolics using in vitro elderly and adult digestion models. Food Chem 2022; 390:133154. [PMID: 35584576 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the in vitro digestibility of apple polyphenols mimicking elderly and adult digestion models (dynamic and static systems). The digestibility of total apple polyphenols in small intestine was much higher in the adult dynamic system (62 μg/100 g fresh apple) compared to the static system (20 μg/100 g fresh apple) and elderly dynamic digestion conditions (33 μg/100 g fresh apple). Elderly in vitro static digestion showed better antioxidant activity than the adult system (OH and ABTS+ methods). Thus, the in vitro dynamic digestion system can more truly reflect the digestion of apple polyphenols than static digestion system. Moreover, elderly digestion conditions negatively influenced the digestibility of apple polyphenols including chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, phlorizin, rutin, phloretin, hyperoside, proanthocyanidin B2, and quercetin. Hence, appropriate selection of in vitro digestion models for elderly is a prerequisite to exploring the digestibility of phytochemicals for the development of functional food products for elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Shang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
| | - Jun-Hao Miao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Tian-Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Rui-Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Bing-Yan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yi-Long Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xiang-Li Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiao-Long Ni
- XuanCheng Food and Drug Inspection Center, XuanCheng 242000, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
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Zhu X, Xu G, Jin W, Gu Y, Huang X, Ge L. Apple or apple polyphenol consumption improves cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2021; 22:835-843. [PMID: 34565081 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2203089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many fruits and vegetables have been found to have a protective effect against cardiovascular diseases. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the relationship between apple or apple polyphenol intake and cardiovascular disease risk. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched up to August 4, 2020. Studies that had an intervention time of >1 week; used apple or apple polyphenols as the intervention; were designed as a randomized controlled trial; and measured blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels were included. The meta-analysis showed that the group with apple or apple polyphenol intake had significantly higher high-density lipoprotein levels (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.01, 0.67], p = 0.0411, I2 = 77%, random-effects model) and significantly lower C-reactive protein levels (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI [-0.65, -0.20], p = 0.0002, I2 = 18%, fixed-effects model) than the control group, indicating that the intervention reduced the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Apple or apple polyphenol intake is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. These results are consistent with the old saying that eating an apple a day can help keep the doctors away.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangyan Jin
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuhua Huang
- Department of Critical Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lidan Ge
- Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, 311200 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wang F, Li J, Li L, Gao Y, Wang F, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Wu C. Protective effect of apple polyphenols on chronic ethanol exposure-induced neural injury in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 326:109113. [PMID: 32360496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apple polyphenols (AP) have attracted much attention due to their various bioactivities. In this study, the protective effect of AP against chronic ethanol exposure-induced neural injury as well as the possible mechanisms were investigated. Body weight, daily average food intake and daily average fluid intake were measured and daily average ethanol consumption was calculated. The influences of AP on motor behavior and memory were detected by locomotor activity test, rotarod test, beam walking test, and Y maze test and novel object recognition test, respectively. The changes of blood ethanol concentration and the oxidative stress were also measured. AP improved chronic ethanol exposure-induced the inhibition of body weight and the decrease of daily average food intake, but did not influence the daily average fluid intake and the daily average ethanol intake, indicating that the improve effect of AP did not result from the decrease of ethanol intake. Motor activity and motor coordination were not influenced after chronic ethanol exposure though the blood ethanol concentration was higher than that in control group. AP improved significantly chronic ethanol-induced the memory impairment and the hippocampal CA1 neurons damage. Further studies found that AP decreased the contents of NO and MDA and increased the levels of T-AOC and GSH in the hippocampus of rats. These results suggest that AP exerts a protective effect against chronic ethanol-induced memory impairment through improving the oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Research and Technology Development Center for Plant Polyphenols, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lingxi Li
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Research and Technology Development Center for Plant Polyphenols, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yanxia Fan
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Research and Technology Development Center for Plant Polyphenols, Shenyang, 110016, China; School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Shoji T, Masumoto S, Moriichi N, Ohtake Y, Kanda T. Administration of Apple Polyphenol Supplements for Skin Conditions in Healthy Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041071. [PMID: 32294883 PMCID: PMC7231294 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This clinical study was performed to evaluate the effects of continuous apple polyphenol (AP) administration on facial skin conditions and pigmentation induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in healthy women participants. Participants (n = 65, age 20–39 years) were randomized to receive tablets containing AP (300 or 600 mg/day) or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Continuous administration of AP for 12 weeks significantly prevented UV irradiation induced skin pigmentation (erythema value, melanin value, L value), although a dose-dependent relationship was not clearly observed. In contrast, no significant differences were detected between the groups with regard to water content and trans-epidermal water loss. Our study demonstrated that APs and their major active compounds, procyanidins, have several health benefits. Here, we report that continuous administration of AP for 12 weeks alleviated UV irradiation induced skin pigmentation, when compared with placebo, in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Shoji
- Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan; (S.M.); (N.M.); (Y.O.); (T.K.)
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305–8605, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-838-8041
| | - Saeko Masumoto
- Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan; (S.M.); (N.M.); (Y.O.); (T.K.)
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima 960-1269, Japan
| | - Nina Moriichi
- Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan; (S.M.); (N.M.); (Y.O.); (T.K.)
| | - Yasuyuki Ohtake
- Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan; (S.M.); (N.M.); (Y.O.); (T.K.)
- Asahi Group Foods, Ltd., 2-4-1 Ebisuminami, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0022, Japan
| | - Tomomasa Kanda
- Research Laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan; (S.M.); (N.M.); (Y.O.); (T.K.)
- Asahi Group Holdings Ltd., 1-21 Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 305-0106, Japan
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Chen X, Jia G, Liu G, Zhao H, Huang Z. Effects of apple polyphenols on myofiber-type transformation in longissimus dorsi muscle of finishing pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:246-253. [PMID: 32134354 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1735405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate effects of apple polyphenols (APPs) on myofiber-type transformation in longissimus dorsi muscle of finishing pigs and its mechanism. In this study, 36 healthy castrated Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs with an average body weight of 71.25 ± 2.40 kg were randomly divided into three treatment groups (control, 0.04% APPs, 0.08% APPs). The experiment lasted for 49 days. Results showed that dietary APP supplementation increased the protein expression of MyHC I and the activities of succinic dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, as well as decreased the protein expression of MyHC IIb and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, suggesting that APPs promoted muscle fiber-type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch in finishing pigs. We also showed that dietary 0.08% APP supplementation increased the expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis and function-related proteins PGC-1α, Sirt1 and Cytc. In addition, dietary supplementation with 0.08% APPs increased the activities of T-SOD, GSH-PX and CAT and decreased the MDA content. Together, we provided the first evidence that APP promotes muscle fiber-type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch in finishing pigs, which may be achieved by improving the mitochondrial biogenesis and function and increasing the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Kschonsek J, Wiegand C, Hipler UC, Böhm V. Influence of polyphenolic content on the in vitro allergenicity of old and new apple cultivars: A pilot study. Nutrition 2018; 58:30-35. [PMID: 30278427 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES More than 70% of birch pollen-allergic individuals are affected by a cross-allergy from apples. The aim of this study was to determine if an increased polyphenolic content of apples is inversely related to clinical allergic reactions in sufferers. METHODS The polyphenolic content of two old and two new apple cultivars was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. The in vitro concentration of sulfidoleukotrienes and the CD63 basophil activation of 27 birch pollen sufferers with cross-reactivity to apples were determined with cellular antigen stimulation and basophil activation tests after incubation with different apple cultivars. RESULTS The flesh of old cultivars was characterized by significantly higher total polyphenolic content (86.1 ± 5.5 µg/g) than that of new cultivars (24.7 ± 7.2 µg/g). The concentration of sulfidoleukotrienes and the CD63 basophil activation of old apple cultivars was up to 62% lower than new ones and decreased as the degree of enzymatic browning increased. CONCLUSION Old apples cultivars are better tolerated than new ones by birch pollen-allergic individuals. The in vitro allergenicity (activation of effector cells) of apples depends on the total polyphenolic content and the degree of enzymatic browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Kschonsek
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Volker Böhm
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Cicero AFG, Caliceti C, Fogacci F, Giovannini M, Calabria D, Colletti A, Veronesi M, Roda A, Borghi C. Effect of apple polyphenols on vascular oxidative stress and endothelium function: a translational study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28755406 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE We aimed examining apple polyphenols' effect on uricemia and endothelial function in a sample of overweight subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a two-phased study. In vitro experiment aimed to evaluate apple polyphenols' ability to lower uric acid in comparison with allopurinol. In vivo study consisted in a randomized, double-blind, parallel placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 62 overweight volunteers with suboptimal values of fasting plasma glucose (100 mg/dL≤FPG≤125 mg/dL), randomized to 300 mg apple polyphenols or placebo for 8 weeks. Apple polyphenols extract inhibited xanthine oxidase activity, with an IC50 = 130 ± 30 ng/mL; reducing uric acid production with an IC50 = 154 ± 28 ng/mL. During the trial, after the first 4 weeks of treatment, FPG decreased in the active treated group (-6.1%, p < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed regarding the other hematochemistry parameters. After 4 more weeks of treatment, active-treated patients had an improvement in FPG compared to baseline (-10.3%, p < 0,001) and the placebo group (p < 0,001). Uric acid (-14.0%, p < 0.05 versus baseline; p < 0.05 versus placebo) and endothelial reactivity (0.24±0.09, p = 0.009 versus baseline; p < 0.05 versus placebo) significantly improved too. CONCLUSION In vivo, apple polyphenols extract has a positive effect on vascular oxidative stress and endothelium function and reduce FPG and uric acid by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, as our In vitro experiment attests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donato Calabria
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maddalena Veronesi
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aldo Roda
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Energia e Ambiente (CIRI EA) - Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Medicine & Surgery Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Shoji T, Yamada M, Miura T, Nagashima K, Ogura K, Inagaki N, Maeda-Yamamoto M. Chronic administration of apple polyphenols ameliorates hyperglycaemia in high-normal and borderline subjects: A randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 129:43-51. [PMID: 28505543 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We previously reported that apple polyphenols (AP) and their major active components, procyanidins, had beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and diabetes in diabetic ob/ob mice. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of chronic AP administration on glucose tolerance in high-normal and borderline human subjects. METHODS Subjects (n=65) with a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 100-125mg/dL determined during a recent health check-up were randomised to receive tablets containing AP (600mg/day) or placebo tablets for 12weeks in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The primary outcome was insulin resistance, assessed using a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS The 12-week chronic administration of AP significantly reduced the increase in glucose at 30-min post-75g OGTT (OGTT30-min glucose) value, compared to the placebo regimen. Furthermore, in a subgroup of the high-normal (FPG value, 100-109mg/dL; 2-h post-75g OGTT glucose (OGTT2-h glucose) value, <140mg/dL) and borderline (FPG value, 110-125mg/dL; OGTT2-h glucose value, <140mg/dL and FPG value, <126mg/dL; OGTT2-h glucose value, 140-199mg/dL) subjects, OGTT30-min glucose value in the AP group (164.0±7.4mg/dL) was significantly lower than that of the placebo group (194.7±10.4mg/dL, p<0.05). No significant changes in the other lipid parameters and cytokine levels were observed. CONCLUSIONS Chronic AP administration significantly improved impaired glucose tolerance in high-normal and borderline subjects. Larger and/or longer-term scale human studies are required to confirm the potential glucose homeostasis of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Shoji
- Institute of Fruit Tree & Tea Science NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Kakegawa City Office, Healthcare Section, Kakegawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nagashima
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kasane Ogura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mari Maeda-Yamamoto
- National Food Research Institute, The National Agriculture & Food Research, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Cheng D, Xi Y, Cao J, Cao D, Ma Y, Jiang W. Protective effect of apple (Ralls) polyphenol extract against aluminum-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative damage in rat. Neurotoxicology 2014; 45:111-20. [PMID: 25445564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dietary polyphenols have been strongly associated with reduced risk of AD and the other nervous diseases. We aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of the apple polyphenol extract (APE) on Al-induced biotoxicity, in order to provide a new focus on the design of strategies to prevent AD and the other human diseases related to Al overload. Control, Al-treated (171.8 mg Al kg(-1)day(-1) 10 weeks), APE+Al (Al-treatment as previously plus 200 mg kg(-1)day(-1) 10 weeks), and group of APE per se were used. Al intake caused memory impairment, significant decrease of acetylcholinesterase, CK, SOD, CAT activity and the rate of ATP synthesis, increase the Al content, the level of malondialdehyde and β-amyloid 42. Administration of APE significantly improved memory retention, attenuated oxidative damage, acetylcholinesterase activity and Al level in Al treated rats. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid (ChA) was used for analyzing stability of polyphenols-Al(3+) complex. Log K1 was 10.51, and the mole ratio of Al(3+) to ligand was 1:1. We further found that the amounts of Al increased significantly in feces of the rats gavaged with AlCl3 plus ChA compared with AlCl3. Our finding has shown APE has neuroprotective effects against Al-induced biotoxicity. Chelating with Al and disturbing its absorption could account for the neuroprotective roles of dietary polyphenols against Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety and Sanitation, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xi
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankang Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Cao
- Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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