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Wang Z, Guo Q, Tian L. Tracing phosphorus cycle in global watershed using phosphate oxygen isotopes. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154611. [PMID: 35307435 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Phosphorus (P) cycle is a crucial biochemical process in the earth system. However, an extensive increase of P input into watersheds destroyed the ecosystem. To explore the effects of internal P loading and external P input in global watersheds, we reviewed the research progress and synthesized the isotope data of experimental results from literatures. An integrated result of the observational and experimental studies revealed that both internal P and external P largely contribute to watershed P loadings in watersheds. Internal P can be released to the overlying water during sediment resuspension process and change of redox conditions near the sediment-water interface. Growing fertilizer application on farmlands to meet food demand with population rise and diet improvement contributed to an huge increase of external P input to watersheds. Therefore, water quality cannot be improved by only reducing internal P or external P loadings. In addition, we found that phosphate oxygen isotope technology is an effectively way to trace the P biogeochemical cycle in watersheds. To better predict the dynamic of P in watersheds, future research integrating oxygen isotope fractionation mechanisms and phosphate oxygen isotope technology would be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziteng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Resource Use and Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Key Laboratory for Resource Use and Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Liyan Tian
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Hu M, Sardans J, Le Y, Yan R, Zhong Y, Huang J, Peñuelas J, Tong C. Biogeochemical behavior of P in the soil and porewater of a low-salinity estuarine wetland: Availability, diffusion kinetics, and mobilization mechanism. Water Res 2022; 219:118617. [PMID: 35605392 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine wetlands, which typically store large amounts of phosphorus (P), are experiencing increased salinity as well as changed environmental factors caused by rising sea levels. In this study, the seasonal dynamics of P speciation, availability, and biogeochemical couplings with iron (Fe)-sulfur (S) in soil and porewater were measured in a low-salinity estuarine wetland using in situ high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques. The diffusion kinetics and resupply capacity of P from the soil phase to solution were simulated using a DGT-induced fluxes in soils (DIFS) model. The transition from freshwater to brackish wetlands reduced soil P pools and shifted to more recalcitrant speciation. The concentration of DGT-labile P across the soil-water profiles ranged from 0.002 to 0.039 (mean: 0.015) mg L-1, which increased with increasing salinity in both the field and mesocosm experiments. The distributions of labile and soluble P showed high heterogeneity across the profiles, and there were some sharp peak values below the soil-water interface (SWI), which significantly increased the concentration and lability of P. The strong coupling between labile P and Fe (S) provided direct evidence for the coexistence of iron reduction (IR) and sulfate reduction (SR) in the estuary, while IR might predominate in P mobilization in the brackish environment because of higher labile Fe concentrations and stronger Fe-P couplings. The diffusion fluxes of P were positive at both sites, demonstrating that the kinetics of P were from the soils to the overlying water. Higher R and k-1 values fitted in the DIFS model implied that a stronger resupply capacity and desorption rate and thus faster remobilization kinetics of P occurred with increasing salinity. Our findings indicated that increased salinity (even at low levels) can alter the desorption rate and resupply capacity of soil P in estuarine wetlands and accelerate P remobilization and release by regulating the IR and SR processes, thereby leading to the deterioration of water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yixun Le
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruibing Yan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jiafang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chuan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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Chen J, Zhang H, Liu L, Zhang J, Cooper M, Mortimer RJG, Pan G. Effects of elevated sulfate in eutrophic waters on the internal phosphate release under oxic conditions across the sediment-water interface. Sci Total Environ 2021; 790:148010. [PMID: 34111791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication in freshwater environments may be enhanced by the elevation of sulfate in waters, through the release of internal phosphorus (P) from anoxic sediments. However, the influence of increasing but modest sulfate concentrations (less than 3000 μM) on P release under oxic conditions across the sediment-water interface (SWI) in eutrophic freshwater is poorly understood. In this study, the profiles of P, iron (Fe), sulfur (S) and physicochemical parameters were measured in a simulated lacustrine system with varying concentrations of sulfate (970-2600 μM) in overlying water. The results indicated that elevated concentrations of sulfate increased the soluble reactive P in overlying waters under oxic conditions across the SWI. A 100 μM increase of sulfate was found to induce a 0.128 mgm-2d-1 increase of P flux from surface sediments into overlying waters under oxic conditions. Higher sulfate concentrations in the overlying waters increased the concentrations of labile S(-II) in the deep sediments, due to sulfate penetration and subsequent reduction to S(-II). We also found the fluxes of labile Fe (10.34 to 18.33 mgm-2d-1) and P (2.70 to 1.33 mgm-2d-1) from deep to surface sediment were both positive and greater than the corresponding fluxes (Fe, 2.2 to 3.51 and P, 2.6 to 0.39 mgm-2d-1, respectively) from surface sediment to the overlying water, suggesting that reduction of P-bearing Fe(III)(oxyhydr)oxides in deep anoxic sediment acted as a major source of internal P release. In addition, the upward flux of Fe(II) was significantly lower under higher sulfate conditions, indicating that the Fe(II) flux could be mitigated by formation of Fe(II) sulfides in the deep sediment. Under these conditions, less Fe(II) from deep sediments could be re-oxidized and combine with P in the surface, oxic sediment, thereby reducing the retention capacity for P and leading to higher release of internal P to the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Yangtze River Delta Branch, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Lixuan Liu
- High-Tech Research Institute, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mick Cooper
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG25 0QF, UK; Integrated Water-Energy-Food Facility (iWEF), Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Robert J G Mortimer
- York St John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York YO31 7EX, UK; Nanjing Xianglai Academy of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG25 0QF, UK; Integrated Water-Energy-Food Facility (iWEF), Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, UK; Nanjing Xianglai Academy of Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Fuchs E, Funes A, Saar K, Reitzel K, Jensen HS. Evaluation of dried amorphous ferric hydroxide CFH-12® as agent for binding bioavailable phosphorus in lake sediments. Sci Total Environ 2018; 628-629:990-996. [PMID: 30045587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal hydroxides formed from aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) salts can be used as phosphorus (P) adsorbents in lake restoration, but the application entails problems in low-alkaline lakes due to acid producing hydrolysis and potential formation of toxic metal ions. Therefore, we tested the potential of applying CFH-12® (Kemira) - a dried, amorphous Fe-oxide with no pH effect - in lake restoration. Since Fe3+ may become reduced in lake sediments and release both Fe2+ and any associated P we also evaluated the redox sensitivity of CFH-12® in comparison with freshly formed Fe(OH)3. CFH-12® was added to undisturbed sediment cores from three Danish lakes relative to the size of their mobile P pool (molar Fe:PMobile dose ratio of ~10:1), and P and Fe fluxes across the sediment-water interface were compared with those from untreated cores and cores treated with freshly formed Fe(OH)3. Under anoxic conditions, we found that CFH-12® significantly reduced the P efflux from the sediments (by 43% in Lake Sønderby, 70% in Lake Hampen and 60% in Lake Hostrup) while the Fe2+ efflux remained unchanged relative to the untreated cores. Cores treated with freshly formed Fe(OH)3 retained more P, but released significantly more Fe2+, indicating continued Fe3+ reduction. Finally, experiments with pure phases showed that CFH-12® adsorbed less P than freshly formed Fe(OH)3 in the short term, but was capable of adsorbing up to 70% of P adsorbed by Fe(OH)3 over 3months. With product costs only 30% higher than Al salts we find that CFH-12® has potential for use in restoration of low-alkaline lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Fuchs
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ana Funes
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto Del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Katrin Saar
- Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia
| | - Kasper Reitzel
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Henning S Jensen
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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Qin L, Zeng Q, Zhang W, Li X, Steinman AD, Du X. Estimating internal P loading in a deep water reservoir of northern China using three different methods. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:18512-18523. [PMID: 27289374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Much attention had been paid to reducing external loading of nutrients to improve water quality, while internal loading from sediment, which has been largely neglected, is also an important source for water eutrophication. The internal load in deep lakes or reservoirs is not easy to be detected and be quantified. In this study, three different methods (mass balance method, Fick's law, and regression equation) were combined to calculate the gross or/and net P release from sediment using limited data. Our results indicated that (1) the methods of mass balance and regression equation give similar results of sediment P release rate, with values of 0.889 and 0.902 mg m(2) d(-1), respectively, while the result of Fick's law was much lower (0.400 mg m(2) d(-1)); (2) Hot periods of sediment releasing were suggested to occur from March to April and from August to September, which correspond to periods of high risks of algae blooms. The remaining months of the year were shown as net nutrient retention; (3) for the whole region, Baihedam and Chaohekuqu were identified as zones with a higher possibility to release P from sediment. (4) P loading to the Miyun Reservoir was greater in the inflow than in the outflow, suggesting a portion of the inflow P load was retained in the water or sediment; hence, release of sediment P may continue to be a major source of phosphorus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qinghui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wangshou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Alan D Steinman
- Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, Muskegon, MI, 49441, USA
| | - Xinzhong Du
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39056, USA
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Wang C, Bai L, Jiang HL, Xu H. Algal bloom sedimentation induces variable control of lake eutrophication by phosphorus inactivating agents. Sci Total Environ 2016; 557-558:479-488. [PMID: 27017078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lake eutrophication typically occurs with a syndrome of algae breeding and biomass accumulation (e.g., algal blooms). Therefore, the effect of algal bloom sedimentation on eutrophication control by phosphorus (P) inactivating agents was assessed herein. Three commercial products, including aluminum (Al) sulfate, iron (Fe) sulfate, and a lanthanum-modified clay (Phoslock®), as well as one easily available by-product, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR), were selected. The most important finding was that during algae sedimentation, P immobilization from the overlying water by Al, Phoslock®, and DWTR was dominated by a long-term slow phase (>150d), while Fe has limited effectiveness on the immobilization. Further analysis indicated that the algae sedimentation effect was mainly due to the slow release of P from algae, leading to relatively limited P available for the inactivating agents. Then, a more unfavorable effect on the P immobilization capability of inactivating agents was caused by the induced anaerobic conditions, the released organic matter from algae, and the increased sulfide in the overlying water and sediments during sedimentation. Overall, algae sedimentation induced variable control of eutrophication by P inactivating agents. Accordingly, recommendations for future works about algal lake restoration were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Leilei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - He-Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Wu Z, Wang S, Zhang L, Jiao L. DGT induced fluxes in sediments model for the simulation of phosphorus process and the assessment of phosphorus release risk. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:14608-14620. [PMID: 27068919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)-induced flux in sediments (DIFS) (DGT-DIFS) model for phosphorus (P) has been investigated to provide a numerical simulation of a dynamic system of the DGT-pore water-sediment in Dianchi Lake (China). Kinetic parameter-T C (33-56,060 s), distribution coefficient-K d (134.7-1536 cm(3)g(-1)), and resupply parameter-R (0.189-0.743) are derived by DGT measurement, the sediment/pore water test, and the DIFS model. The changes of dissolved concentration in DGT diffusive layer and pore water and sorbed concentration in sediment, as well as the ratio of C DGT and the initial concentration in pore water (R) and mass accumulated by DGT resin (M) at the DGT-pore water-sediment interface (distance) of nine sampling sites during DGT deployment time (t) are derived through the DIFS simulation. Based on parameter and curves derived by the DIFS model, the P release-transfer character and mechanism in sediment microzone were revealed. Moreover, the DGT-DIFS parameters (R, T C , K -1 , C DGT ), sediment P pool, sediment properties (Al and Ca), and soluble reactive P (SRP) in overlying water can be used to assess "P eutrophication level" at different sampling sites with different types of "external P loading." The DGT-DIFS model is a reliable tool to reveal the dynamic P release in sediment microzone and assess "internal P loading" in the plateau lake Dianchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Dongtinghu Lake Ecological Observation and Research Station (DEORS), Yueyang, Hunan Province, 41400, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
- Dongtinghu Lake Ecological Observation and Research Station (DEORS), Yueyang, Hunan Province, 41400, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Dongtinghu Lake Ecological Observation and Research Station (DEORS), Yueyang, Hunan Province, 41400, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- Dongtinghu Lake Ecological Observation and Research Station (DEORS), Yueyang, Hunan Province, 41400, People's Republic of China
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