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Gabryelczyk A, Swiderska-Mocek A. Tailoring the Properties of Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium-Ion Batteries Using Ionic Liquids: A Review. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304207. [PMID: 38407825 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are an extraordinary group of compounds, fully ionic in structure like inorganic salts but with low melting points, that resemble organic molecular solvents. Their chemical, electrochemical, and thermal stability is what draws the attention and enables their use in many applications, including electrochemical power sources. Even though they are no longer considered eco-friendly because of nonnegligible toxicity and long bioaccumulation, they can still be efficiently recovered, purified, and reused. These attributes can be harvested to enhance the properties of gel polymer electrolytes for the emerging sodium-ion batteries. The variety of anions and cations for ILs and their influence on the final properties of the compound opens the road to tuning the properties of gel polymer electrolytes. Ionic liquids as plasticizers constitute a major part of gel polymer electrolytes (average of 70 wt%) and hence, they affect the fundamental properties of gel electrolytes like ionic conductivity and electrochemical window. They also improve the safety features of sodium-ion batteries, which is relevant for their anticipated applications in stationary energy storage and electric vehicles. The presented review paper aims to explain the relationship between the cation and anion in ionic liquid and the properties of gel electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gabryelczyk
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan, 60-965, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Swiderska-Mocek
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan, 60-965, Poland
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2
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Tzialla O, Theodorakopoulos GV, Beltsios KG, Pilatos G, Reddy KSK, Srinivasakannan C, Tuci G, Giambastiani G, Karanikolos GN, Katsaros FK, Kouvelos E, Romanos GE. Utilizing Carbonaceous Materials Derived from [BMIM][TCM] Ionic Liquid Precursor: Dual Role as Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Adsorbents for Aromatics and CO 2. Chempluschem 2024:e202300785. [PMID: 38436555 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis of N-doped nanoporous carbon materials using the Ionic Liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide [BMIM][TCM] as a fluidic carbon precursor, employing two carbonization pathways: templated precursor and pyrolysis/activation. Operando monitoring of mass loss during pyrolytic and activation treatments provides insights into chemical processes, including IL decomposition, polycondensation reactions and pore formation. Comparatively low mass reduction rates were observed at all stages. Heat treatments indicated stable pore size and increasing volume/surface area over time. The resulting N-doped carbon structures were evaluated as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and adsorbents for gases and organic vapors. Materials from the templated precursor pathway exhibited high electrocatalytic performance in ORR, analyzed using Rotating Ring-Disk electrode (RRDE). Enhanced adsorption of m-xylene was attributed to wide micropores, while satisfactory CO2 adsorption efficiency was linked to specific morphological features and a relatively high content of N-sites within the C-networks. This research contributes valuable insights into the synthesis and applications of N-doped nanoporous carbon materials, highlighting their potential in electrocatalysis and adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Tzialla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - George V Theodorakopoulos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., Athens, Zografou, 15780, Greece
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Beltsios
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., Athens, Zografou, 15780, Greece
| | - George Pilatos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - K Suresh Kumar Reddy
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute (TII), P.O. Box 9639, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Giulia Tuci
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10 - 50019, Sesto F. no, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuliano Giambastiani
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10 - 50019, Sesto F. no, Florence, Italy
- University of Florence, Department of Chemistry U. "Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Georgios N Karanikolos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, 26504, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Fotios K Katsaros
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kouvelos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - George Em Romanos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
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3
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Li Y, Sun M, Cao Y, Yu K, Fan Z, Cao Y. Designing low toxic deep eutectic solvents for the green recycle of lithium-ion batteries cathodes. ChemSusChem 2024:e202301953. [PMID: 38409620 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the main energy storage equipment. Its cathode material contains Li, Co, and other valuable metals. Therefore, recycling spent LIBs can reduce environmental pollution and resource waste, which is significant for sustainable development. However, traditional metallurgical methods are not environmentally friendly, with high cost and environmental toxicity. Recently, the concept of green chemistry gives rise to environmental and efficient recycling technology, which promotes the transition of recycling solvents from organic solvents to green solvents represented by deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs are considered as ideal alternative solvents in extraction processes, attracting great attention due to their low cost, low toxicity, good biodegradability, and high extraction capacity. It is very important to develop the DESs system for LIBs recycling for sustainable development of energy and green economic development of recycling technology. In this work, the applications and research progress of DESs in LIBs recovery are reviewed, and the physicochemical properties such as viscosity, toxicity and regulatory properties are summarized and discussed. In particular, the toxicity data of DESs are collected and analyzed. Finally, the guidance and prospects for future research are put forward, aiming to explore more suitable DESs for recycling valuable metals in batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Capital Medical University, Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, CHINA
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Capital Medical University, Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Yanbo Cao
- Capital Medical University, Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Keying Yu
- Capital Medical University, Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Zixuan Fan
- Capital Medical University, Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, 100069, Beijing, CHINA
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Xiao T, Yang JL, Zhang B, Wu J, Li J, Mai W, Fan HJ. All-Round Ionic Liquids for Shuttle-Free Zinc-Iodine Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318470. [PMID: 38179860 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The practical implementation of aqueous zinc-iodine batteries (ZIBs) is hindered by the rampant Zn dendrites growth, parasite corrosion, and polyiodide shuttling. In this work, ionic liquid EMIM[OAc] is employed as an all-round solution to mitigate challenges on both the Zn anode and the iodine cathode side. First, the EMIM+ embedded lean-water inner Helmholtz plane (IHP) and inert solvation sheath modulated by OAc- effectively repels H2 O molecules away from the Zn anode surface. The preferential adsorption of EMIM+ on Zn metal facilitates uniform Zn nucleation via a steric hindrance effect. Second, EMIM+ can reduce the polyiodide shuttling by hindering the iodine dissolution and forming an EMIM+ -I3 - dominated phase. These effects holistically enhance the cycle life, which is manifested by both Zn || Zn symmetric cells and Zn-I2 full cells. ZIBs with EAc deliver a capacity decay rate of merely 0.01 ‰ per cycle after over 18,000 cycles at 4 A g-1 , and lower self-discharge and better calendar life than the ZIBs without ionic liquid EAc additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jin-Lin Yang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jiawen Wu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Jinliang Li
- Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wenjie Mai
- Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hong Jin Fan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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5
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Shah S, Pietsch T, Ruck M. Facile Synthesis of Anhydrous Rare-Earth Trichlorides from their Oxides in Chloridoaluminate Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317480. [PMID: 38059405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Wide applications of anhydrous rare-earth (RE) trichlorides RECl3 in organometallic chemistry, for the synthesis of optical and magnetic materials, and as catalysts require a facile approach for their synthesis. The known methods use or produce toxic substances, are complicated and have limited reliability and upscaling. It has been shown that task-specific ionic liquids (ILs) can dissolve many metal oxides without special reaction conditions at moderate temperature, making the metals accessible to downstream chemistry. Using imidazolium chloridoaluminate ILs, pure crystalline anhydrous RECl3 (RE=La-Nd, Sm-Dy) can be synthesized in one step from RE oxides in high yield. The Lewis acidic IL acts as solvent and reaction partner. The by-product [Al4 O2 Cl10 ]2- , which was detected spectroscopically, remains in solution. The reacted IL can be removed quantitatively by washing. ILs with various imidazolium cations and AlCl3 content and the effect of temperature and reaction time were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Shah
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Pietsch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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6
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Zante G, Elgar CE, George K, Abbott AP, Hartley JM. Concentrated Ionic Fluids: Is There a Difference Between Chloride-Based Brines and Deep Eutectic Solvents? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311140. [PMID: 37753796 PMCID: PMC10953321 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have been lauded as novel solvents, but is there really a difference between them and concentrated aqueous brines? They provide a method of adjusting the activity of water and chloride ions which can affect mass transport, speciation and reactivity. This study proposes a continuum of properties across concentrated ionic fluids and uses metal processing as an example. Charge transport is shown to be governed by fluidity and there is no discontinuity between molar conductivity and fluidity irrespective of cation, charge density or ionic radius. Diffusion coefficients of iron(III) and copper(II) chloride in numerous concentrated ionic fluids show the same linear correlation between diffusion coefficient and fluidity. These oxidising agents were used to etch copper, silver and nickel and while the etching rate increased with fluidity for copper, etching of silver and nickel only occurred at high chloride and low water activity as passivation occurred when water activity increased. Overall, brines provide a high chloride content at a lower viscosity than DESs, but unlike DESs, brines are unable to prevent passivation due to their high water content. The results show how selective etching of mixed metal waste streams can be achieved by tuning chloride and water activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Zante
- University of LeicesterCollege of Science and EngineeringLeicesterLE1 7RHUK
| | | | - Katherine George
- University of LeicesterCollege of Science and EngineeringLeicesterLE1 7RHUK
| | - Andrew P. Abbott
- University of LeicesterCollege of Science and EngineeringLeicesterLE1 7RHUK
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7
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Ning H, Shi M, Yang Q, Huang J, Zhang X, Wu Y, Jie K. Rational Design of Porous Ionic Liquids for Coupling Natural Gas Purification with Waste Gas Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310741. [PMID: 37706280 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Removal of trace impurities for natural gas purification coupled with waste gas conversion is highly desired in industry. We here report a type of porous ionic liquids (PILs) that can realize the continuous flow separation of CH4 /CO2 /H2 S and the conversion of the captured H2 S to useful products. The PILs are synthesized through a step-by-step surface modification of ionic liquids (ILs) onto UiO-66-OH nanocrystals. The introduction of free tertiary amine groups on the nanocrystal surface endows these PILs with an exceptional ability to enrich H2 S from CO2 and CH4 with impressive selectivity, while the permanent pores of UiO-66-OH act as containers to store an exceptionally higher amount of the selectively captured H2 S than the corresponding nonporous ILs. Simultaneously, the tertiary amines as dual functional moieties offer effective catalytic sites for the conversion of the H2 S stored in PILs into 3-mercaptoisobutyric acid, a key intermediate required for the synthesis of Captopril (an antihypertensive drug). Molecular dynamics, density functional theory calculations and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations help understand both the mechanisms of separation and catalysis performance, confirming that the tertiary amines as well as the permanent pores in UiO-66-OH play vital roles in the whole procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Youting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Kecheng Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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8
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Ghosh SK. Effects of ionic liquids on biomembranes: A review on recent biophysical studies. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 256:105336. [PMID: 37586678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been emerged as a versatile class of compounds that can be easily tuned to achieve desirable properties for various applications. The ability of ILs to interact with biomembranes has attracted significant interest, as they have been shown to modulate membrane properties in ways that may have implications for various biological processes. This review provides an overview of recent studies that have investigated the interaction between ILs and biomembranes. We discuss the effects of ILs on the physical and chemical properties of biomembranes, including changes in membrane fluidity, permeability, and stability. We also explore the mechanisms underlying the interaction of ILs with biomembranes, such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. Additionally, we discuss the future prospects of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
| | - Veerendra K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - Sajal K Ghosh
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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Schopper N, Landmann J, Sprenger JAP, Zapf L, Bertermann R, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M. Alkylcyanoborate Anions: Building Blocks for Fluorine-Free Low-Viscosity, Electrochemically and Thermally Stable Ionic Liquids. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301497. [PMID: 37395305 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
A set of mixed-substituted potassium alkylcyano- and alkylcyanofluoroborates has been synthesized using easily accessible starting compounds and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR and vibrational spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. In addition, single-crystal structures of salts of the cyanoborate anions have been derived from X-ray diffraction experiments. The 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium room temperature ionic liquids ([EMIm]+ -RTILs) with the new borate anions have been synthesized and their physicochemical properties, that is, high thermal and electrochemical stability, low viscosity, and high conductivity, have been compared to the properties of related [EMIm]+ -RTILs. The influence of the different alkyl substituents at boron has been assessed. The exemplary study on the properties with the [EMIm]+ -ILs with the mixed water stable alkylcyanoborate anions points towards the potential of these fluorine-free borate anions, in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schopper
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Landmann
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan A P Sprenger
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Zapf
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai V Ignat'ev
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Consultant, Merck Life Science KGaA, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Blasius J, Kirchner B. Selective Chirality Transfer to the Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Anion of an Ionic Liquid. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301239. [PMID: 37341169 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Chirality transfer from the chiral molecule (R)-1,2-propylene oxide to the achiral anion of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid is observed. The chiral probe selectively affects one part of the binary ionic liquid, i. e., it has previously been shown experimentally and theoretically that this particular imidazolium cation can be affected by chirality transfer, but in the present system chirality is almost exclusively transferred to the anion and not to both parts of the solvent (anion and cation). This observation is of high relevance because of its selectivity and because anion effects are usually much more important in ionic liquid research than cation effects. From ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, a conformational analysis and dissected vibrational circular dichroism spectra are obtained to study the chirality transfer. While in the neat ionic liquid two mirror imaged trans conformers of the anion occur almost equally, we observe an excess of one of these conformers in the presence of the chiral solute, causing optical activity of the anion. Although the cis conformers are not tremendously affected by the chirality transfer, they gain in total population when (R)-1,2-propylene oxide is dissolved in the ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blasius
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4-6, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4-6, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Bio-compatible ionic liquids (Bio-ILs) represent a class of solvents with peculiar properties and exhibit huge potential for their applications in different fields of chemistry. Ever since they were discovered, researchers have used bio-ILs in diverse fields such as biomass dissolution, CO2 sequestration, and biodegradation of pesticides. This review highlights the ongoing research studies focused on elucidating the microscopic structure of bio-ILs based on cholinium cation ([Ch]+ ) and amino acid ([AA]- ) anions using the state-of-the-arta b i n i t i o ${ab\hskip0.25eminitio}$ and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The microscopic structure associated with these green ILs guides their suitability for specific applications. ILs of this class differ in the side chain of the amino acid anions, and varying the side chain significantly affects the structure of these ILs and thus helps in tuning the efficiency of biomass dissolution. This review demonstrates the central role of the side chain on the morphology of choline amino acid ([Ch][AA]) bio-ILs. The seemingly matured field of bio-ILs and their employment in various applications still holds significant potential, and the insights on their microscopic structure would steer the field of target specific application of these green ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harender S Dhattarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Hemant K Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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12
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McCourt É, Esien K, Zhenyu L, Felton S, Nockemann P. Designing Dimeric Lanthanide(III)-Containing Ionic liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e201809334. [PMID: 30246909 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the preparation of liquid dimeric lanthanide(III)-containing compounds. Starting from the design of dimeric solids, we demonstrate that by tuning of anion and cation structures we can lower the melting points below room temperature, whilst maintaining the dimeric structure. Magnetic measurements could establish the spin-spin interactions of the neighboring lanthanide(III) ions in the liquid state at low temperatures, and matched the interactions of the analogous crystalline solid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éadaoin McCourt
- The Quill Research Centre, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, BT95AG, Belfast, UK
| | - Kane Esien
- Centre for Nanostructured Media, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, BT71NN, Belfast, UK
| | - Li Zhenyu
- The Quill Research Centre, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, BT95AG, Belfast, UK
| | - Solveig Felton
- Centre for Nanostructured Media, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University of Belfast, BT71NN, Belfast, UK
| | - Peter Nockemann
- The Quill Research Centre, The School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, BT95AG, Belfast, UK
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13
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Kleoff M, Voßnacker P, Riedel S. The Rise of Trichlorides Enabling an Improved Chlorine Technology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216586. [PMID: 36622244 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine plays a central role for the industrial production of numerous materials with global relevance. More recently, polychlorides have been evolved from an area of academic interest to a research topic with enormous industrial potential. In this minireview, the value of trichlorides for chlorine storage and chlorination reactions are outlined. Particularly, the inexpensive ionic liquid [NEt3 Me][Cl3 ] shows a similar and sometimes even advantageous reactivity compared to chlorine gas, while offering a superior safety profile. Used as a chlorine storage, [NEt3 Me][Cl3 ] could help to overcome the current limitations of storing and transporting chlorine in larger quantities. Thus, trichlorides could become a key technique for the flexibilization of the chlorine production enabling an exploitation of renewable, yet fluctuating, electrical energy. As the loaded storage, [NEt3 Me][Cl3 ], is a proven chlorination reagent, it could directly be employed for downstream processes, paving the path to a more practical and safer chlorine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Kleoff
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Voßnacker
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Voßnacker P, Wüst A, Müller C, Kleoff M, Riedel S. Synthesis of a Hexachloro Sulfate(IV) Dianion Enabled by Polychloride Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209684. [PMID: 35924885 PMCID: PMC9805220 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The preparation and structural characterization of [NEt3 Me]2 [SCl6 ] is described, which is the first example of a [SCl6 ]2- dianion and of a halosulfate anion of the type [Sx Xy ]z- in general. This dianion belongs to the group of 14-valence electron AB6 E systems and forms an octahedral structure in the solid-state. Interestingly, co-crystallization with CH2 Cl2 affords [NEt3 Me]2 [SCl6 ]⋅4 CH2 Cl2 containing [SCl6 ]2- dianions with C4v symmetry. As suggested by quantum-chemical calculations, the distortion of the structure is not caused by a stereochemically active lone pair but by enhanced hydrogen bonding interactions with CH2 Cl2 . At elevated temperatures, [NEt3 Me]2 [SCl6 ] decomposes to various sulfur chlorine compounds as shown by Raman spectroscopy. Cooling back to room temperature results in the selective formation of [NEt3 Me]2 [SCl6 ] which is comparable to the well-studied SCl4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Voßnacker
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Alisa Wüst
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Carsten Müller
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
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15
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Quintana AA, Sztapka AM, Santos Ebinuma VDC, Agatemor C. Enabling Sustainable Chemistry with Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Fad or the Future? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205609. [PMID: 35789078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) debuted with a promise of a superior sustainability footprint due to their low vapor pressure. However, their toxicity and high cost compromise this footprint, impeding their real-world applications. Fortunately, their property tunability through a rational selection of precursors, including bioderived ones, provides a strategy to ameliorate toxicity, lower cost, and endow new functions. This Review discusses whether ILs and DESs are sustainable solvents and how they contribute to sustainable chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valéria de Carvalho Santos Ebinuma
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Agatemor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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16
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Park S, Morales-Collazo O, Freeman B, Brennecke JF. Ionic Liquid Stabilizes Olefin Facilitated Transport Membranes Against Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202895. [PMID: 35384196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Separation of olefins from their paraffin analogs relies on energy-intensive cryogenic distillation. Facilitated transport-based membranes that reversibly and selectively bind olefins, but not paraffins, could save considerable amounts of energy. However, the chemical instability of the silver ion olefin-binding carriers in such membranes has been a longstanding roadblock for this approach. We discovered long-term carrier stability against extended exposure to hydrogen, a common contaminant in such streams. Based on UV/Vis absorption and Raman spectroscopy, along with XRD analysis results, certain ionic liquids solubilize silver ions, and anion aggregates surrounding the silver ion carriers greatly attenuate their reduction by hydrogen. Here, we report the stability of olefin/paraffin separation properties under continuous exposure to high pressure hydrogen, which addresses a critical technical roadblock in membrane-based olefin/paraffin separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejoon Park
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Oscar Morales-Collazo
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Benny Freeman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Joan F Brennecke
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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17
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Xu M, Dou H, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Ren B, Ma Q, Wen G, Luo D, Yu A, Zhang L, Wang X, Chen Z. Hierarchically Nanostructured Solid-State Electrolyte for Flexible Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117703. [PMID: 35233896 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The construction of safe and environmentally-benign solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with intrinsic hydroxide ion-conduction for flexible zinc-air batteries is highly desirable yet extremely challenging. Herein, hierarchically nanostructured CCNF-PDIL SSEs with reinforced concrete architecture are constructed by nanoconfined polymerization of dual-cation ionic liquid (PDIL, concrete) within a robust three-dimensional porous cationic cellulose nanofiber matrix (CCNF, reinforcing steel), where plenty of penetrating ion-conductive channels are formed and undergo dynamic self-rearrangement under different hydrated levels. The CCNF-PDIL SSEs synchronously exhibit good flexibility, mechanical robustness, superhigh ion conductivity of 286.5 mS cm-1 , and decent water uptake. The resultant flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries deliver a high-power density of 135 mW cm-2 , a specific capacity of 775 mAh g-1 and an ultralong cycling stability with continuous operation of 240 hours for 720 cycles, far outperforming those of the state-of-the-art solid-state batteries. The marriage of biomaterials with the diversity of ionic liquids creates enormous opportunities to construct advanced SSEs for solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Xu
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Haozhen Dou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yun Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bohua Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Qianyi Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Guobin Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dan Luo
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Aiping Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Luhong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xin Wang
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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18
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Kang C, Hutt O, Pringle JM. Halide-free Synthesis of New Difluoro(oxalate)borate [DFOB]--based Ionic Liquids and Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200115. [PMID: 35451216 PMCID: PMC9401595 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of next‐generation batteries requires the development of safe, compatible electrolytes that are stable and do not cause safety problems. The difluoro(oxalato)borate ([DFOB]−) anion has been used as an electrolyte additive to aid with stability, but such an approach has most commonly been carried out using flammable solvent electrolytes. As an alternative approach, utilisation of the [DFOB]− anion to make ionic liquids (ILs) or Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals (OIPCs) allows the advantageous properties of ILs or OIPCs, such as higher thermal stability and non‐volatility, combined with the benefits of the [DFOB]− anion. Here, we report the synthesis of new [DFOB]−‐based ILs paired with triethylmethylphosphonium [P1222]+, and diethylisobutylmethylphosphonium [P122i4]+. We also report the first OIPCs containing the [DFOB]− anion, formed by combination with the 1‐ethyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium [C2mpyr]+ cation, and the triethylmethylammonium [N1222]+ cation. The traditional synthetic route using halide starting materials has been successfully replaced by a halide‐free tosylate‐based synthetic route that is advantageous for a purer, halide free product. The synthesised [DFOB]−‐based salts exhibit good thermal stability, while the ILs display relatively high ionic conductivity. Thus, the new [DFOB]−‐based electrolytes show promise for further investigation as battery electrolytes both in liquid and solid‐state form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Kang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, AUSTRALIA
| | - Oliver Hutt
- Boron Molecular, N/A, 500 Princes Hwy,, Noble Park, AUSTRALIA
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood Highway, 3125, Burwood, AUSTRALIA
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19
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Saleem Khan M, Asif Nawaz M, Jalil S, Rashid F, Hameed A, Asari A, Mohamad H, Ur Rehman A, Iftikhar M, Iqbal J, Al-Rashida M. Deep eutectic solvent mediated synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and evaluation of biological activities targeting neurodegenerative disorders. Bioorg Chem 2021; 118:105457. [PMID: 34798458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Substitution of hazardous and often harmful organic solvents with "green" and "sustainable" alternative reaction media is always desirous. Ionic liquids (IL) have emerged as valuable and versatile liquids that can replace most organic solvents in a variety of syntheses. However, recently new types of low melting mixtures termed as Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) have been utilized in organic syntheses. DES are non-volatile in nature, have sufficient thermal stability, and also have the ability to be recycled and reused. Hence DES have been used as alternative reaction media to perform different organic reactions. The availability of green, inexpensive and easy to handle alternative solvents for organic synthesis is still scarce, hence our interest in DES mediated syntheses. Herein we have investigated Biginelli reaction in different DES for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones. Monoamine oxidases and cholinesterases are important drug targets for the treatment of various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and anxiety. The compounds synthesized herein were evaluated for their inhibitory potential against these enzymes. Some of the compounds were found to be highly potent and selective inhibitors. Compounds 1 h and 1c were the most active monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) (IC50 = 0.31 ± 0.11 µM) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) (IC50 = 0.34 ± 0.04 µM) inhibitors respectively. All compounds were selective AChE inhibitors and did not inhibit BChE (<29% inhibition). Compound 1 k (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.09 µM) was the most active AChE inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Saleem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, 54600 Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Saquib Jalil
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Rashid
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
| | - Asnuzilawati Asari
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Habsah Mohamad
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Atta Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, 54600 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Iftikhar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaoling Wei, 210094 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Mariya Al-Rashida
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, 54600 Lahore, Pakistan.
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20
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Brunner M, Garvey CJ, Warr GG, Atkin R. Conformation of poly(ethylene glycol) in aqueous cholinium amino acid hybrid solvents. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:334-343. [PMID: 34139531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Hybrid solvents based on cholinium amino acid ionic liquids ([Ch][AA] ILs) mixed with water are environmentally benign solvents with low toxicity. [Ch][AA] ILs are used in biomass pretreatment processes to dissolve targeted (macro)molecules such as lignin from lingnocellulose. Understanding how [Ch][AA] ILs dissolve polymers is therefore of great interest for the rational design of ILs towards industrial application. Variation of the IL anion and the water concentration are hypothesised to change the solvent properties of [Ch][AA] hybrid solvents. Therefore, we probe the solvent quality of [Ch][AA] aqueous solutions with different anions (glycinate, prolinate and argininate) and water concentration for the simple model solute poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). EXPERIMENTS Partial phase diagrams were produced to probe the salting-out effect of [Ch][AA] ILs towards PEG (Mw = 38 kDa). Small-angle neutron scattering experiments of deuterated PEG in hydrogenous [Ch][AA] aqueous solutions were performed to determine the polymer radius of gyration at infinite dilution (Rg,0) via Zimm-plots. Polymer concentration dependent apparent Rg values were obtained fitting an excluded volume polymer model onto the scattering data. Blends of hydrogenous and deuterated PEG under zero average contrast conditions were analysed to probe Rg at high polymer concentrations. FINDINGS Hydrogen bond capacity of the anion is key to the salting-out effect of [Ch][AA] ILs on PEG. Rg,0 depends on anion species and water concentration. At IL:water = 1:30 (mole:mole) and 37 °C, cholinium argininate and cholinium glycinate are close to theta solvents while cholinium prolinate and dilute cholinium argininate (IL:water = 1:100) are between theta and good solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Brunner
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Garvey
- Lund Institute for Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, 223 70 Lund, Sweden; Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Gregory G Warr
- School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Rob Atkin
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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21
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Chen XM, Jiang X, Jing Y, Chen X. Synthesis and Dehydrogenation of Organic Salts of a Five-Membered B/N Anionic Chain, a Novel Ionic Liquid. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2475-2480. [PMID: 34245108 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized the tetrabutylammonium ([Bu4 N]+ ), tetraethylammonium ([Et4 N]+ ), guanidinium ([C(NH2 )3 ]+ ), and methylguanidinium ([C(N3 H5 CH3 )]+ ) salts of the [BH3 (NH2 BH2 )2 H]- anion, a five-membered B/N anionic chain, in high yields by the metathesis reactions of Na[BH3 (NH2 BH2 )2 H] with the corresponding halides and characterized them by NMR (11 B, 11 B{1 H}, 1 H, 1 H{11 B}, 13 C), IR, elemental analysis, TGA-DSC, and TGA-MS. These complexes behave like ionic liquids (ILs), in which the melting point of the [Bu4 N][BH3 (NH2 BH2 )2 H] is the lowest (-51 °C). The dehydrogenation of these ILs have been studied through the thermal decomposition and catalytic hydrolysis in aqueous solution using the noble or non-noble metals or their salts as catalysts, and the results indicate that these ILs of five-membered B/N anionic chain are promising hydrogen storage materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Meng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Xin Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Xuenian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China.,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
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22
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Christou A, Stavrou IJ, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Combined use of β-cyclodextrin and ionic liquid as electrolyte additives in EKC for separation and determination of carob's phenolics-A study of the synergistic effect. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1945-1955. [PMID: 34240758 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a simple, reliable, and fast capillary electrophoretic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 12 polyphenolic compounds, the most frequently found in carob's pulp and seeds. The present work deals with the development of a novel dual electrophoretic system based on the combined use of β-CD and ionic liquid (IL) as buffer additives. A baseline separation of the target analytes was achieved in less than 10 min by using a BGE consisting of 35 mM borate along with 15 mM β-CD and 3 mM l-alanine tert butyl ester lactate (l-AlaC4 Lac) IL as buffer additives at pH 9.5, a temperature of 25°C, and an applied voltage of 30 kV. The application of the developed electrophoretic method to real samples enabled the identification and quantification of the main phenolic constituents of both ripe and unripe carob pulp extracts. The results revealed the predominance of gallic acid in both ripe (183.92 μg/g carob pulp) and unripe (205.10 μg/g carob pulp) carob pulp and highlighted the great influence of the ripening stage on carobs polyphenolic composition, with unripe pods being more enriched in polyphenols (total phenolics detected: 912.58 and 283.13 μg/g unripe and ripe carob pulp).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis J Stavrou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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23
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DiCecco LA, D'Elia A, Miller C, Sask KN, Soleymani L, Grandfield K. Electron Microscopy Imaging Applications of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids in the Biological Field: A Review. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2488-2506. [PMID: 33690961 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For biological imaging using electron microscopy (EM), the use of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) has been proposed as an alternative to traditional lengthy preparation methods. With their low vapor pressures and conductivity, RTILs can be applied onto hard-to-image soft and/or wet samples without dehydration - allowing for a more representative, hydrated state of material and opening the possibility for visualization of in situ physiological processes using conventional EM systems. However, RTILs have yet to be utilized to their full potential by microscopists and microbiologists alike. To this end, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of biological applications of RTILs for EM to bridge the RTIL, in situ microscopy, and biological communities. We outline future research avenues for the use of RTILs for the EM observation of biological samples, notably i) RTIL selection and optimization, ii) applications for live cell processes and iii) electron beam and ionic liquid interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza-Anastasia DiCecco
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Andrew D'Elia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Chelsea Miller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Kyla N Sask
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada.,Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Kathryn Grandfield
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
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24
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Sintra TE, Abranches DO, Benfica J, Soares BP, Ventura SPM, Coutinho JAP. Cholinium-based ionic liquids as bioinspired hydrotropes to tackle solubility challenges in drug formulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 164:86-92. [PMID: 33895294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrotropy is a well-established strategy to enhance the aqueous solubility of hydrophobic drugs, facilitating their formulation for oral and dermal delivery. However, most hydrotropes studied so far possess toxicity issues and are inefficient, with large amounts being needed to achieve significant solubility increases. Inspired by recent developments in the understanding of the mechanism of hydrotropy that reveal ionic liquids as powerful hydrotropes, in the present work the use of cholinium vanillate, cholinium gallate, and cholinium salicylate to enhance the aqueous solubility of two model drugs, ibuprofen and naproxen, is investigated. It is shown that cholinium vanillate and cholinium gallate are able to increase the solubility of ibuprofen up to 500-fold, while all three ionic liquids revealed solubility enhancements up to 600-fold in the case of naproxen. Remarkably, cholinium salicylate increases the solubility of ibuprofen up to 6000-fold. The results obtained reveal the exceptional hydrotropic ability of cholinium-based ionic liquids to increase the solubility of hydrophobic drugs, even at diluted concentrations (below 1 mol·kg-1), when compared with conventional hydrotropes. These results are especially relevant in the field of drug formulation due to the bio-based nature of these ionic liquids and their low toxicity profiles. Finally, the solubility mechanism in these novel hydrotropes is shown to depend on synergism between both amphiphilic ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia E Sintra
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Dinis O Abranches
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jordana Benfica
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruna P Soares
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia P M Ventura
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A P Coutinho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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25
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Abstract
Plastic waste in the ocean and on land in the form of nanoplastics is endangering food and drinking water supplies, raising the need for new strategies for the removal of plastic nanoparticles from complex media. In the present contribution we suggest considering ionic liquids as extractants, since they show several advantageous properties that may facilitate the design of efficient separation processes. Through varying the anion and the side chain at the cation, the interactions between the extractant and the polymer can be strengthened and tuned, and thereby the disintegration of the particle into separate polymer chains can be controlled. Oxidized moieties can also be efficiently solvated, given the amphiphilic nature of the considered ionic liquids, allowing also realistic particles to be extracted into these solvents. The phase transfer was found to be thermodynamically and kinetically possible, which is supported by the complicated structure of the ionic liquid-water interface through the rearrangement of the interfacial ions, and the formation of a micelle around the plastic already at the edge of the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Elfgen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 4+6D-53115BonnGermany
| | - Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 4+6D-53115BonnGermany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 4+6D-53115BonnGermany
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26
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Wheelis SE, Biguetti CC, Natarajan S, Guida L, Hedden B, Garlet GP, Rodrigues DC. Investigation of the early healing response to dicationic imidazolium-based ionic liquids: a biocompatible coating for titanium implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:984-994. [PMID: 32656316 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dicationic Imidazolum-based ionic liquids with amino acid anions (IonL) have been proposed as a multifunctional coating for titanium dental implants, as their properties have been shown to address multiple early complicating factors while maintaining host cell compatibility. This study aims to evaluate effects of this coating on host response in the absence of complicating oral factors during the early healing period using a subcutaneous implantation model in the rat. IonLs with the best cytocompatibility and antimicrobial properties (IonL-Phe, IonL-Met) were chosen as coatings. Three different doses were applied to cpTi disks and subcutaneously implanted into 36 male Lewis rats. Rats received 2 implants: 1 coated implant on one side and an uncoated implant on the contralateral sides (n=3 per formulation, per dose). Peri-implant tissue was evaluated 2 and 14 days after implantation with H&E staining and IHC markers associated with macrophage polarization as well as molecular analysis (qPCR) for inflammatory and healing markers. H&E stains revealed the presence of the coating, blood clots and inflammatory infiltrate at 2 days around all implants. At 14 days, inflammation had receded with more developed connective tissue with fibroblasts, blood vessels in certain doses of coated and uncoated samples with no foreign body giant cells. This study demonstrated that IonL at the appropriate concentration does not significantly interfere with and healing and Ti foreign body response. Results regarding optimal dose and formulation from this study will be applied in future studies using an oral osseointegration model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia C Biguetti
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shruti Natarajan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Lidia Guida
- Deparment of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Brian Hedden
- Deparment of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Gustavo P Garlet
- Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Neves CMSS, Dinis TBV, Carvalho PJ, Schröder B, Santos LMNBF, Freire MG, Coutinho JAP. Binary Mixtures of Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution: Towards an Understanding of their Salting-In/Salting-Out Phenomena. J SOLUTION CHEM 2019; 48:983-991. [PMID: 31409937 DOI: 10.1007/s10953-018-0836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The order of the salting-in or salting-out inducing ability of ions on the aqueous solubility of macromolecules in aqueous solutions is known as the Hofmeister series. Taking into account that ionic liquids (ILs) are constituted by ions, they can exert similar effects on the solubility of other ILs in aqueous media. In order to expand the knowledge on the salting-in/-out ability of ILs, experimental studies on the solubility of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonylimide) in water in presence of other IL/salts were conducted at 298.15 K at atmospheric pressure. Both the impact of the anion and cation of the IL were evaluated with the following ILs/salts: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate, cholinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, in a wide composition range. As happens with common salts, both salting-in and salting-out effects exerted by ILs were observed, with a higher impact exerted by the IL anion on the salting-out phenomenon. These data allow to better understand the ILs impact when designing liquid-liquid separation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina M S S Neves
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Teresa B V Dinis
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro J Carvalho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bernd Schröder
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís M N B F Santos
- CIQUP-Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mara G Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A P Coutinho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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28
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Almeida HFD, Marrucho IM, Freire MG. Removal of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs from Aqueous Environments with Reusable Ionic-Liquid-based Systems. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2017; 5:2428-2436. [PMID: 30271684 PMCID: PMC6159872 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the current era of human life, we have been facing an increased consumption of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Nevertheless, NSAIDs are not completely metabolized by humans and are further excreted into domestical effluents. Several studies have been showing that a wide variety of pharmaceuticals are present in water effluents and are thus a matter of serious concern in the public health. Although treatment plants use sophisticated technologies for pollutants/contaminants removal, none of these processes was particularly designed for NSAIDs. In this perspective, this work addresses the use of a liquid-liquid extraction approach, employing ionic liquids (ILs), for the removal of NSAIDs from aqueous media. In particular, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of ILs and aluminium-based salts, which are already used in water treatment plants, were tested for the removal of diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen. With these systems, extraction efficiencies of NSAIDs up to 100% were obtained in a single-step. The recovery of NSAIDs from the IL medium and the recyclability of the IL-rich phase were then ascertained to guarantee the development of a more sustainable and cost-effective strategy. Based on the remarkable increase in the solubility of NSAIDs in the IL-rich phase (from a 300- to a 4100-fold when compared with pure water), water was then studied as an effective anti-solvent, and where single-step recovery percentages of NSAIDs from the IL-rich phase up to 91% were obtained. After the "cleaning" of the IL-rich phase by the induced precipitation of NSAIDs, the phase-forming components were recovered and reused in four consecutive cycles, with no detected losses on both the extraction efficiency and recovery of NSAIDs by induced precipitation. Finally, an integrated process is here proposed, which comprises the (i) removal of NSAIDs from aqueous media, (ii) the cleaning of the IL-rich phase by the recovery of NSAIDs by induced precipitation, and (iii) the phase-forming components recycling and reuse, aiming at unlocking new doors for alternative treatment strategies of aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F. D. Almeida
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Corresponding Author: ; Tel: +351-234-401422; Fax: +351-234-370084
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29
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Marcionilio SMLDO, Alves GM, E Silva RBG, Marques PJL, Maia PD, Neto BAD, Linares JJ. Influence of the current density on the electrochemical treatment of concentrated 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride solutions on diamond electrodes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:19084-19095. [PMID: 27343078 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the influence of the current density treatment of a concentrated 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMImCl) solution on an electrochemical reactor with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. The decrease in the total organic carbon (TOC) and the BMImCl concentration demonstrate the capability of BDD in oxidizing ionic liquids (ILs) and further mineralizing (to CO2 and NO3 (-)) more rapidly at higher current densities in spite of the reduced current efficiency of the process. Moreover, the presence of Cl(-) led to the formation of oxychlorinated anions (mostly ClO3 (-) and ClO4 (-)) and, in combination with the ammonia generated in the cathode from the nitrate reduction, chloramines, more intensely at higher current density. Finally, the analysis of the intermediates formed revealed no apparent influence of the current density on the BMImCl degradation mechanism. The current density presents therefore a complex influence on the IL treatment process that is discussed throughout this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gisele M Alves
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro CP 4478, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rachel B Góes E Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro CP 4478, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Pablo J Lima Marques
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro CP 4478, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Poliana D Maia
- Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Universidade de Brasília, Área Universitária n. 1- Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Planaltina, 73300-000, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro CP 4478, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - José J Linares
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro CP 4478, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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30
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Martins MAR, Neves CMSS, Kurnia KA, Carvalho PJ, Rocha MAA, Santos LMNBF, Pinho SP, Freire MG. Densities, Viscosities and Derived Thermophysical Properties of Water-Saturated Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Fluid Phase Equilib 2016; 407:188-196. [PMID: 27642223 PMCID: PMC5024754 DOI: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the impact of the alkyl side chain length and symmetry of the cation on the thermophysical properties of water-saturated ionic liquids (ILs), densities and viscosities as a function of temperature were measured at atmospheric pressure and in the (298.15 to 363.15) K temperature range, for systems containing two series of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide-based compounds: the symmetric [C n C n im][NTf2] (with n = 1-8 and 10) and asymmetric [C n C1im][NTf2] (with n = 2-5, 7, 9 and 11) ILs. For water-saturated ILs, the density decreases with the increase of the alkyl side chain length while the viscosity increases with the size of the aliphatic tails. The saturation water solubility in each IL was further estimated with a reasonable agreement based on the densities of water-saturated ILs, further confirming that for the ILs investigated the volumetric mixing properties of ILs and water follow a near ideal behaviour. The water-saturated symmetric ILs generally present lower densities and viscosities than their asymmetric counterparts. From the experimental data, the isobaric thermal expansion coefficient and energy barrier were also estimated. A close correlation between the difference in the energy barrier values between the water-saturated and pure ILs and the water content in each IL was found, supporting that the decrease in the viscosity of ILs in presence of water is directly related with the decrease of the energy barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónia A. R. Martins
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina M. S. S. Neves
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kiki A. Kurnia
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro J. Carvalho
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marisa A. A. Rocha
- Centro de Investigação em Química, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luís M. N. B. F. Santos
- Centro de Investigação em Química, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Simão P. Pinho
- Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Departamento de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal
- UNIFACS-Universidade de Salvador, Rua Dr. José Peroba 251, CEP 41770-235, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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