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Krzemiński P, Misiewicz-Krzemińska I, Grodzik M, Padzińska-Pruszyńska I, Kucharzewska P, Ostrowska A, Sawosz E, Pomorski P. The protective effect of silver nanoparticles' on epithelial cornea cells against ultraviolet is accompanied by changes in calcium homeostasis and a decrease of the P2X7 and P2Y2 receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116090. [PMID: 38169187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles hydrocolloids (AgNPs) on human corneal epithelial cells. Epithelial cells form the outermost and the most vulnerable to environmental stimuli layer of the cornea in the eye. Mechanical stress, UV radiation, and pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites challenge the fragile homeostasis of the eye. To help combat stress, infection, and inflammation wide portfolio of interventions is available. One of the oldest treatments is colloidal silver. Silver nanoparticle suspension in water is known for its anti-bacterial anti-viral and antiprotozoal action. However, AgNPs interact also with host cells, and the character of the interplay between corneal cells and silver seeks investigation. METHODS The human epithelial corneal cell line (HCE-2) was cultured in vitro, treated with AgNPs, and subjected to UV. The cell's viability, migration, calcium concentration, and expression/protein level of selected proteins were investigated by appropriate methods including cytotoxicity tests, "wound healing" assay, Fluo8/Fura2 AM staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot. RESULTS Incubation of human corneal cells (HCE-2) with AgNP did not affect cells viability but limited cells migration and resulted in altered calcium homeostasis, decreased the presence of ATP-activated P2X7, P2Y2 receptors, and enhanced the expression of PACAP. Furthermore, AgNPs pretreatment helped restrain some of the deleterious effects of UV irradiation. Interestingly, AgNPs had no impact on the protein level of ACE2, which is important in light of potential SARS-CoV-2 entrance through the cornea. CONCLUSIONS Silver nanoparticles are safe for corneal epithelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Krzemiński
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Irena Misiewicz-Krzemińska
- Plasma Cell Neoplasm Laboratory, Department of Experimental Haematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Chocimska 5, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Padzińska-Pruszyńska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Kucharzewska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomorski
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Seo H, Lee HC, Lee KC, Kim D, Kim J, Kang D, Chung HJ, Cha HJ, Kim J, Song KS. PDZ Peptide of the ZO-1 Protein Significantly Increases UTP-Induced MUC8 Anti-Inflammatory Mucin Overproduction in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Mol Cells 2023; 46:700-709. [PMID: 37750239 PMCID: PMC10654460 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus hyperproduction and hypersecretion are observed often in respiratory diseases. MUC8 is a glycoprotein synthesized by epithelial cells and generally expressed in the respiratory track. However, the physiological mechanism by which extracellular nucleotides induce MUC8 gene expression in human airway epithelial cells is unclear. Here, we show that UTP could induce MUC8 gene expression through P2Y2-PLCβ3-Ca2+ activation. Because the full-length cDNA sequence of MUC8 has not been identified, a specific siRNA-MUC8 was designed based on the partial cDNA sequence of MUC8. siRNA-MUC8 significantly increased TNF-α production and decreased IL-1Ra production, suggesting that MUC8 may downregulate UTP/P2Y2-induced airway inflammation. Interestingly, the PDZ peptide of ZO-1 protein strongly abolished UTP-induced TNF-α production and increased IL-1Ra production and MUC8 gene expression. In addition, the PDZ peptide dramatically increased the levels of UTP-induced ZO proteins and TEER (trans-epithelial electrical resistance). These results show that the anti-inflammatory mucin MUC8 may contribute to homeostasis, and the PDZ peptide can be a novel therapeutic candidate for UTP-induced airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Hyun-Chae Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Ki Chul Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Doosik Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Jiwook Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Donghee Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Kyoung Seob Song
- Department of Medical Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
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Liu D, Kang H, Gao M, Pei W, Wang S, Chen Z. Silencing of purinergic receptor P2Y2 inhibited enteric neural crest cell proliferation, invasion and migration via suppressing ERK signaling pathway in Hirschsprung disease. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:312. [PMID: 37637003 PMCID: PMC10447770 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03721-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of the purinergic receptor P2Y2 in regulating the loss of intestinal neurons and the intestinal neural crest in Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR). Western blotting was used to assess the expression levels of P2Y2 in colon tissues. An in vivo HSCR mouse model was established following treatment with benzalkonium chloride (BAC). We overexpressed or silenced P2Y2 in SH-SY5Y cells, and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were subsequently investigated by CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. Additionally, we implemented a xenograft model to assess the impact of P2Y2 on tumor growth as well as the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The results showed that the expression of P2Y2 protein in the colon tissues of patients with HSCR was lower than that in the normal colon tissues. P2Y2 expression is downregulated in the colon tissues of mice with HSCR. Additionally, P2Y2 silencing inhibited SH-SY5Y cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP, a strong agonist of P2Y2)-induced P2Y2 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of SH-SY5Y cells. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis revealed that P2Y2 silencing downregulated phosphorylated (p)-ERK in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, treatment with PD98059, a p-ERK inhibitor, reversed the effects of ATP on SH-SY5Y cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Finally, we demonstrated that P2Y2 silencing suppressed tumor growth and decreased p-ERK expression. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that P2Y2 plays an important role in HSCR pathogenesis. P2Y2 silencing inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of nerve cells by suppressing the ERK signaling pathway. P2Y2 silencing could be considered an innovative and possible target for treating HSCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengrui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Hongxia Kang
- Department of Pain, Gansu Provincial People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Mingtai Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Wei Pei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Shimo Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
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Wang MJ, Yang BR, Jing XY, Wang YZ, Kang L, Ren K, Kang L. P2Y1R and P2Y2R: potential molecular triggers in muscle regeneration. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:305-13. [PMID: 35902482 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09885-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is indispensable for skeletal muscle health and daily life when injury, muscular disease, and aging occur. Among the muscle regeneration, muscle stem cells' (MuSCs) activation, proliferation, and differentiation play a key role in muscle regeneration. Purines bind to its specific receptors during muscle development, which transmit environmental stimuli and play a crucial role of modulator of muscle regeneration. Evidences proved P2R expression during development and regeneration of skeletal muscle, both in human and mouse. In contrast to P2XR, which have been extensively investigated in skeletal muscles, the knowledge of P2YR in this tissue is less comprehensive. This review summarized muscle regeneration via P2Y1R and P2Y2R and speculated that P2Y1R and P2Y2R might be potential molecular triggers for MuSCs' activation and proliferation via the p-ERK1/2 and PLC pathways, explored their cascade effects on skeletal muscle, and proposed P2Y1/2 receptors as potential pharmacological targets in muscle regeneration, to advance the purinergic signaling within muscle and provide promising strategies for alleviating muscular disease.
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Kinsella S, Evandy CA, Cooper K, Cardinale A, Iovino L, deRoos P, Hopwo KS, Smith CW, Granadier D, Sullivan LB, Velardi E, Dudakov JA. Damage-induced pyroptosis drives endog thymic regeneration via induction of Foxn1 by purinergic receptor activation. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.19.524800. [PMID: 36711570 PMCID: PMC9882324 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous thymic regeneration is a crucial process that allows for the renewal of immune competence following stress, infection or cytoreductive conditioning. Fully understanding the molecular mechanisms driving regeneration will uncover therapeutic targets to enhance regeneration. We previously demonstrated that high levels of homeostatic apoptosis suppress regeneration and that a reduction in the presence of damage-induced apoptotic thymocytes facilitates regeneration. Here we identified that cell-specific metabolic remodeling after ionizing radiation steers thymocytes towards mitochondrial-driven pyroptotic cell death. We further identified that a key damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), ATP, stimulates the cell surface purinergic receptor P2Y2 on cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) acutely after damage, enhancing expression of Foxn1, the critical thymic transcription factor. Targeting the P2Y2 receptor with the agonist UTPγS promotes rapid regeneration of the thymus in vivo following acute damage. Together these data demonstrate that intrinsic metabolic regulation of pyruvate processing is a critical process driving thymus repair and identifies the P2Y2 receptor as a novel molecular therapeutic target to enhance thymus regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinéad Kinsella
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Cindy A Evandy
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Kirsten Cooper
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Antonella Cardinale
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, 00146, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iovino
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Paul deRoos
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Kayla S Hopwo
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Colton W Smith
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - David Granadier
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle WA, 98195, US
| | - Lucas B Sullivan
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
| | - Enrico Velardi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, 00146, Italy
| | - Jarrod A Dudakov
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, 98109, US
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle WA, 98195, US
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GYARMATI GEORGINA, TOMA ILDIKÓ, IZUHARA AUDREY, BURFORD JAMESL, SHROFF URVINIKHIL, PAPADOURI STELLA, DEEPAK SACHIN, PETI-PETERDI JÁNOS. The role of TRPC6 calcium channels and P2 purinergic receptors in podocyte mechanical and metabolic sensing. Physiol Int 2021; 109:2021.00205. [PMID: 34978536 PMCID: PMC9200898 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays important roles in the (patho)physiology of the glomerular filtration barrier. Overactivation of podocyte transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels including TRPC6 and purinergic signaling via P2 receptors that are known mechanosensors can increase podocyte intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) and cause cell injury, proteinuria and glomerular disease including in diabetes. However, important mechanistic details of the trigger and activation of these pathways in vivo in the intact glomerular environment are lacking. Here we show direct visual evidence that podocytes can sense mechanical overload (increased glomerular capillary pressure) and metabolic alterations (increased plasma glucose) via TRPC6 and purinergic receptors including P2Y2. Multiphoton microscopy of podocyte [Ca2+]i was performed in vivo using wild-type and TRPC6 or P2Y2 knockout (KO) mice expressing the calcium reporter GCaMP3/5 only in podocytes and in vitro using freshly dissected microperfused glomeruli. Single-nephron intra-glomerular capillary pressure elevations induced by obstructing the efferent arteriole lumen with laser-induced microthrombus in vivo and by a micropipette in vitro triggered >2-fold increases in podocyte [Ca2+]i. These responses were blocked in TRPC6 and P2Y2 KO mice. Acute elevations of plasma glucose caused >4-fold increases in podocyte [Ca2+]i that were abolished by pharmacological inhibition of TRPC6 or P2 receptors using SAR7334 or suramin treatment, respectively. This study established the role of Ca2+ signaling via TRPC6 channels and P2 receptors in mechanical and metabolic sensing of podocytes in vivo, which are promising therapeutic targets in conditions with high intra-glomerular capillary pressure and plasma glucose, such as diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- GEORGINA GYARMATI
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - ILDIKÓ TOMA
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - AUDREY IZUHARA
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - JAMES L. BURFORD
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - URVI NIKHIL SHROFF
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - STELLA PAPADOURI
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - SACHIN DEEPAK
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - JÁNOS PETI-PETERDI
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, and Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Juárez-Mercado AP, Chávez-Genaro R, Fiordelisio T, González-Gallardo A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Functional expression of P2Y2 receptors in mouse ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:758-770. [PMID: 34694051 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is a cell monolayer surrounding the ovary; it is involved in the regulation of the ovulatory process and the genesis of ovarian carcinoma. However, intercellular messengers regulating signaling events, like proliferation in the OSE, have not been completely described. Purines have emerged as novel intercellular messengers in the ovary, in which expression of purinergic receptors has been reported in different cell types. In the present work, we described the functional expression of P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R), a purinergic receptor widely associated with cell proliferation, in the OSE. The expression of P2Y2R by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, and its functionality by Ca2+ recording was demonstrated in primary cultured OSE. Functional expression of P2Y2R was also exhibited in situ, by recording of intracellular Ca2+ release and detection of ERK phosphorylation after injection of a selective agonist into the ovarian bursa. Furthermore, P2Y2R activation with UTPγS, in situ, induced cell proliferation at 24 h, whereas continuous stimulation of P2Y2R during a complete estrous cycle significantly modified the size distribution of the follicular population. This is the first evidence of the functional expression of purinergic P2Y2R in the OSE and opens new perspectives on the roles played by purines in ovarian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patricia Juárez-Mercado
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Rebeca Chávez-Genaro
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Tatiana Fiordelisio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología Comparada, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, México
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Francisco G Vázquez-Cuevas
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
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Chen M, Chen H, Gu Y, Sun P, Sun J, Yu H, Zheng H, Chen D. P2Y2 promotes fibroblasts activation and skeletal muscle fibrosis through AKT, ERK, and PKC. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:680. [PMID: 34380439 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis are pathological conditions that contribute to morbidity in numerous conditions including aging, cachexia, and denervation. Muscle atrophy is characterized as reduction of muscle fiber size and loss of muscle mass while muscle fibrosis is due to fibroblasts activation and excessive production of extracellular matrix. Purinergic receptor P2Y2 has been implicated in fibrosis. This study aims to elucidate the roles of P2Y2 in sleketal muscle atrophy and fibrosis. METHODS Primary muscle fibroblasts were isolated from wild type and P2Y2 knockout (KO) mice and their proliferating and migrating abilities were assessed by CCK-8 and Transwell migration assays respectively. Fibroblasts were activated with TGF-β1 and assessed by western blot of myofibroblast markers including α-SMA, CTGF, and collagen I. Muscle atrophy and fibrosis were induced by transection of distal sciatic nerve and assessed using Masson staining. RESULTS P2Y2 KO fibroblasts proliferated and migrated significantly slower than WT fibroblasts with or without TGF-β1.The proliferation and ECM production were enhanced by P2Y2 agonist PSB-1114 and inhibited by antagonist AR-C118925. TGF-β1 induced fibrotic activation was abolished by P2Y2 ablation and inhibited by AKT, ERK, and PKC inhibitors. Ablation of P2Y2 reduced denervation induced muscle atrophy and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS P2Y2 is a promoter of skeletal muscle atrophy and activation of fibroblasts after muscle injury, which signaling through AKT, ERK and PKC. P2Y2 could be a potential intervention target after muscle injury.
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Paoletti A, Allouch A, Caillet M, Saïdi H, Subra F, Nardacci R, Wu Q, Muradova Z, Voisin L, Raza SQ, Law F, Thoreau M, Dakhli H, Delelis O, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Lambotte O, Saez-Cirion A, Pancino G, Ojcius DM, Solary E, Deutsch E, Piacentini M, Gougeon ML, Kroemer G, Perfettini JL. HIV-1 Envelope Overcomes NLRP3-Mediated Inhibition of F-Actin Polymerization for Viral Entry. Cell Rep 2020; 28:3381-3394.e7. [PMID: 31553908 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins have been shown to control viral infection. Here, we show that the NLR family member NLRP3 and the purinergic receptor P2Y2 constitutively interact and regulate susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. We found that NLRP3 acts as an inhibitory factor of viral entry that represses F-actin remodeling. The binding of the HIV-1 envelope to its host cell receptors (CD4, CXCR4, and/or CCR5) overcomes this restriction by stimulating P2Y2. Once activated, P2Y2 enhances its interaction with NLRP3 and stimulates the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBL to NLRP3, ultimately leading to NLRP3 degradation. NLRP3 degradation is permissive for PYK2 phosphorylation (PYK2Y402∗) and subsequent F-actin polymerization, which is required for the entry of HIV-1 into host cells. Taken together, our results uncover a mechanism by which HIV-1 overcomes NLRP3 restriction that appears essential for the accomplishment of the early steps of HIV-1 entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Paoletti
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Awatef Allouch
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Caillet
- Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; INSERM U848, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Hela Saïdi
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Subra
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230 Cachan, France
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani,", Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Zeinaf Muradova
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Laurent Voisin
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Syed Qasim Raza
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric Law
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Maxime Thoreau
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Haithem Dakhli
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Delelis
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230 Cachan, France
| | - Béatrice Poirier-Beaudouin
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Sud, UMR 1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Sud, UMR 1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; APHP, Service de Médecine Interne - Immunologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Asier Saez-Cirion
- Unité HIV, Inflammation et Persistance, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75025 Paris, France
| | - Gianfranco Pancino
- Unité HIV, Inflammation et Persistance, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75025 Paris, France
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1009, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani,", Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata,", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM U848, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Metabolomics Platform, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France; Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA.
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10
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Matsumoto T, Kojima M, Takayanagi K, Katome T, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Impaired UTP-induced relaxation in the carotid arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:453-461. [PMID: 32862324 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) has an important role as an extracellular signaling molecule that regulates inflammation, angiogenesis, and vascular tone. While chronic hypertension has been shown to promote alterations in arterial vascular tone regulation, carotid artery responses to UTP under hypertensive conditions have remained unclear. The present study investigated carotid artery responses to UTP in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and control Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Accordingly, our results found that although UTP promotes concentration-dependent relaxation in isolated carotid artery segments from both SHR and WKY after pretreatment with phenylephrine, SHR exhibited significantly lower arterial relaxation responses compared with WKY. Moreover, UTP-induced relaxation was substantially reduced by endothelial denudation and by the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine in both SHR and WKY. The difference in UTP-induced relaxation between both groups was abolished by the selective P2Y2 receptor antagonist AR-C118925XX and the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin but not by the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor antagonist SQ29548. Furthermore, we detected the release of PGE2, PGF2α, and PGI2 in the carotid arteries of SHR and WKY, both at baseline and in response to UTP. UTP administration also increased TXA2 levels in WKY but not SHR. Overall, our results suggest that UTP-induced relaxation in carotid arteries is impaired in SHR perhaps due to impaired P2Y2 receptor signaling, reductions in endothelial NO, and increases in the levels of COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Mihoka Kojima
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takayanagi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoki Katome
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
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11
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Mühleder S, Fuchs C, Basílio J, Szwarc D, Pill K, Labuda K, Slezak P, Siehs C, Pröll J, Priglinger E, Hoffmann C, Junger WG, Redl H, Holnthoner W. Purinergic P2Y 2 receptors modulate endothelial sprouting. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:885-901. [PMID: 31278420 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic P2 receptors are critical regulators of several functions within the vascular system, including platelet aggregation, vascular inflammation, and vascular tone. However, a role for ATP release and P2Y receptor signalling in angiogenesis remains poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that blood vessel growth is controlled by P2Y2 receptors. Endothelial sprouting and vascular tube formation were significantly dependent on P2Y2 expression and inhibition of P2Y2 using a selective antagonist blocked microvascular network generation. Mechanistically, overexpression of P2Y2 in endothelial cells induced the expression of the proangiogenic molecules CXCR4, CD34, and angiopoietin-2, while expression of VEGFR-2 was decreased. Interestingly, elevated P2Y2 expression caused constitutive phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and VEGFR-2. However, stimulation of cells with the P2Y2 agonist UTP did not influence sprouting unless P2Y2 was constitutively expressed. Finally, inhibition of VEGFR-2 impaired spontaneous vascular network formation induced by P2Y2 overexpression. Our data suggest that P2Y2 receptors have an essential function in angiogenesis, and that P2Y2 receptors present a therapeutic target to regulate blood vessel growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Mühleder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Kompetenzzentrum für MechanoBiologie (INTERREG V-A AT-CZ ATCZ133), Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Fuchs
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José Basílio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorota Szwarc
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline Pill
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krystyna Labuda
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Siehs
- Mag. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Christian Siehs, IT-Services, GLN 9110002040261, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Pröll
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Linz, Austria
| | - Eleni Priglinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang G Junger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02215, MA, USA
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Holnthoner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria.
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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12
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Abstract
This chapter describes signaling pathways, stimulated by the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R), that regulate cellular processes dependent on actin cytoskeleton dynamics in glioma C6 cells. P2Y2R coupled with G-proteins, in response to ATP or UTP, regulates the level of iphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) which modulates a variety of actin binding proteins and is involved in calcium response and activates Rac1 and RhoA proteins. The RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway plays an important role in contractile force generation needed for the assembly of stress fibers, focal adhesions and for tail retraction during cell migration. Blocking of this pathway by a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor induces changes in F-actin organization and cell shape and decreases the level of phosphorylated myosin II and cofilin. In glioma C6 cells these changes are reversed after UTP stimulation of P2Y2R. Signaling pathways responsible for this compensation are calcium signaling which regulates MLC kinase activation via calmodulin, and the Rac1/PAK/LIMK cascade. Stimulation of the Rac1 mediated pathway via Go proteins needs additional interaction between αvβ5 integrins and P2Y2Rs. Calcium free medium, or growing of the cells in suspension, prevents Gαo activation by P2Y2 receptors. Rac1 activation is necessary for cofilin phosphorylation as well as integrin activation needed for focal complexes formation and stabilization of lamellipodium. Inhibition of positive Rac1 regulation prevents glioma C6 cells from recovery of control cell like morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Kłopocka
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Korczyński
- M. Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomorski
- M. Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Martínez M, Martínez NA, Miranda JD, Maldonado HM, Silva Ortiz WI. Caveolin-1 Regulates P2Y 2 Receptor Signaling during Mechanical Injury in Human 1321N1 Astrocytoma. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E622. [PMID: 31635212 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae-associated protein caveolin-1 (Cav-1) plays key roles in cellular processes such as mechanosensing, receptor coupling to signaling pathways, cell growth, apoptosis, and cancer. In 1321N1 astrocytoma cells Cav-1 interacts with the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) to modulate its downstream signaling. P2Y2R and its signaling machinery also mediate pro-survival actions after mechanical injury. This study determines if Cav-1 knockdown (KD) affects P2Y2R signaling and its pro-survival actions in the 1321N1 astrocytoma cells mechanical injury model system. KD of Cav-1 decreased its expression in 1321N1 cells devoid of or expressing hHAP2Y2R by ~88% and ~85%, respectively. Cav-1 KD had no significant impact on P2Y2R expression. Post-injury densitometric analysis of pERK1/2 and Akt activities in Cav-1-positive 1321N1 cells (devoid of or expressing a hHAP2Y2R) revealed a P2Y2R-dependent temporal increase in both kinases. These temporal increases in pERK1/2 and pAkt were significantly decreased in Cav-1 KD 1321N1 (devoid of or expressing a hHAP2Y2R). Cav-1 KD led to an ~2.0-fold and ~2.4-fold decrease in the magnitude of the hHAP2Y2R-mediated pERK1/2 and pAkt kinases’ activity, respectively. These early-onset hHAP2Y2R-mediated signaling responses in Cav-1-expressing and Cav-1 KD 1321N1 correlated with changes in cell viability (via a resazurin-based method) and apoptosis (via caspase-9 expression). In Cav-1-positive 1321N1 cells, expression of hHAP2Y2R led to a significant increase in cell viability and decreased apoptotic (caspase-9) activity after mechanical injury. In contrast, hHAP2Y2R-elicited changes in viability and apoptotic (caspase-9) activity were decreased after mechanical injury in Cav-1 KD 1321N1 cells expressing hHAP2Y2R. These findings support the importance of Cav-1 in modulating P2Y2R signaling during mechanical injury and its protective actions in a human astrocytoma cell line, whilst shedding light on potential new venues for brain injury or trauma interventions.
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14
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Campos-Contreras ADR, Juárez-Mercado AP, González-Gallardo A, Chávez-Genaro R, Garay E, De Ita-Pérez DL, Díaz-Muñoz M, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Experimental polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with reduced expression and function of P2Y2 receptors in rat theca cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:308-318. [PMID: 30624816 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular purines through specific receptors have been recognized as new regulators of ovarian function. It is known that P2Y2 receptor activity induces theca cell proliferation, we hypothesized that purinergic signaling controls the changes related to hyperthecosis in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of UTP-sensitive P2Y receptors and their role in theca cells (TC) proliferation in experimentally-induced PCOS (EI-PCOS). In primary cultures of TC from intact rats, all the transcripts of P2Y receptors were detected by polymerase chain reaction; in these cells, UTP (10 μM) induced extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation. Rats with EI-PCOS showed a reduced expression of P2Y2R in TC whereas P2Y4R did not change. By analyzing ERK phosphorylation, it was determined that P2Y2R is the most relevant receptor in TC. UTP promoted cell proliferation in TC from control but not from EI-PCOS rats. The in silico analysis of P2yr2 promoter indicated the presence of androgen response elements; the stimulation of TC primary cultures with testosterone promoted a significant reduction in the expression of the P2yr2 transcript. We concluded that P2Y2R participates in controlling the proliferative rate of TCs from healthy ovaries, but this regulation is lost during EI-PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaí Del Rocío Campos-Contreras
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Ana Patricia Juárez-Mercado
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Unidad de Proteogenómica. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Rebeca Chávez-Genaro
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Edith Garay
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Dalia Luz De Ita-Pérez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Francisco Gabriel Vázquez-Cuevas
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
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15
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Coover RA, Healy TE, Guo L, Chaney KE, Hennigan RF, Thomson CS, Aschbacher-Smith LE, Jankowski MP, Ratner N. Tonic ATP-mediated growth suppression in peripheral nerve glia requires arrestin-PP2 and is evaded in NF1. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:127. [PMID: 30470263 PMCID: PMC6251093 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal Schwann cells (SCs) are quiescent in adult nerves, when ATP is released from the nerve in an activity dependent manner. We find that suppressing nerve activity in adult nerves causes SC to enter the cell cycle. In vitro, ATP activates the SC G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) P2Y2. Downstream of P2Y2, β-arrestin-mediated signaling results in PP2-mediated de-phosphorylation of AKT, and PP2 activity is required for SC growth suppression. NF1 deficient SC show reduced growth suppression by ATP, and are resistant to the effects of β-arrestin-mediated signaling, including PP2-mediated de-phosphorylation of AKT. In patients with the disorder Neurofibromatosis type 1, NF1 mutant SCs proliferate and form SC tumors called neurofibromas. Elevating ATP levels in vivo reduced neurofibroma cell proliferation. Thus, the low proliferation characteristic of differentiated adult peripheral nerve may require ongoing, nerve activity-dependent, ATP. Additionally, we identify a mechanism through which NF1 SCs may evade growth suppression in nerve tumors.
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16
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Doktor F, Prager P, Wiedemann P, Kohen L, Bringmann A, Hollborn M. Hypoxic expression of NLRP3 and VEGF in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells: contribution of P2Y 2 receptor signaling. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:471-484. [PMID: 30415294 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal hypoxia is a major condition of the chronic inflammatory disease age-related macular degeneration. Extracellular ATP is a danger signal which is known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in various cell systems. We investigated in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells whether hypoxia alters the expression of inflammasome-associated genes and whether purinergic receptor signaling contributes to the hypoxic expression of key inflammatory (NLRP3) and angiogenic factor (VEGF) genes. Hypoxia and chemical hypoxia were induced by a 0.2%-O2 atmosphere and addition of CoCl2, respectively. Gene expression was determined with real-time RT-PCR. Cytosolic NLRP3 and (pro-) IL-1β levels, and the extracellular VEGF level, were evaluated with Western blot and ELISA analyses. Cell culture in 0.2% O2 induced expression of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β genes but not of the pro-IL-18 gene. Hypoxia also increased the cytosolic levels of NLRP3 and (pro-) IL-1β proteins. Inflammasome activation by lysosomal destabilization decreased the cell viability under hypoxic, but not control conditions. In addition to activation of IL-1 receptors, purinergic receptor signaling mediated by a pannexin-dependent release of ATP and a release of adenosine, and activation of P2Y2 and adenosine A1 receptors, was required for the full hypoxic expression of the NLRP3 gene. P2Y2 (but not A1) receptor signaling also contributed to the hypoxic expression and secretion of VEGF. The data indicate that hypoxia induces priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cultured RPE cells. The hypoxic NLRP3 and VEGF gene expression and the secretion of VEGF are in part mediated by P2Y2 receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Doktor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Prager
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Wiedemann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leon Kohen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Helios Klinikum Aue, Aue, Germany
| | - Andreas Bringmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Margrit Hollborn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
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17
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Abstract
The trillions of synaptic connections within the human brain are shaped by experience and neuronal activity, both of which underlie synaptic plasticity and ultimately learning and memory. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play key roles in synaptic plasticity by strengthening or weakening synapses and/or shaping dendritic spines. While most studies of synaptic plasticity have focused on cell surface receptors and their downstream signaling partners, emerging data point to a critical new role for the very same receptors to signal from inside the cell. Intracellular receptors have been localized to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, and mitochondria. From these intracellular positions, such receptors may couple to different signaling systems, display unique desensitization patterns, and/or show distinct patterns of subcellular distribution. Intracellular GPCRs can be activated at the cell surface, endocytosed, and transported to an intracellular site or simply activated in situ by de novo ligand synthesis, diffusion of permeable ligands, or active transport of non-permeable ligands. Current findings reinforce the notion that intracellular GPCRs play a dynamic role in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. As new intracellular GPCR roles are defined, the need to selectively tailor agonists and/or antagonists to both intracellular and cell surface receptors may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Jiin I. Jong
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven K. Harmon
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Karen L. O’Malley
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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18
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Rennert L, Zschiedrich S, Sandner L, Hartleben B, Cicko S, Ayata CK, Meyer C, Zech A, Zeiser R, Huber TB, Idzko M, Grahammer F. P2Y2R Signaling Is Involved in the Onset of Glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1589. [PMID: 30061884 PMCID: PMC6054981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenously released adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) is a key regulator of physiological function and inflammatory responses in the kidney. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of purinergic receptors has been linked to attenuation of inflammatory disorders and hence constitutes promising new avenues for halting and reverting inflammatory renal diseases. However, the involvement of purinergic receptors in glomerulonephritis (GN) has only been incompletely mapped. Here, we demonstrate that induction of GN in an experimental antibody-mediated GN model results in a significant increase of urinary ATP-levels and an upregulation of P2Y2R expression in resident kidney cells as well as infiltrating leukocytes pointing toward a possible role of the ATP/P2Y2R-axis in glomerular disease initiation. In agreement, decreasing extracellular ATP-levels or inhibition of P2R during induction of antibody-mediated GN leads to a reduction in all cardinal features of GN such as proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and renal failure. The specific involvement of P2Y2R could be further substantiated by demonstrating the protective effect of the lack of P2Y2R in antibody-mediated GN. To systematically differentiate between the function of P2Y2R on resident renal cells versus infiltrating leukocytes, we performed bone marrow-chimera experiments revealing that P2Y2R on hematopoietic cells is the main driver of the ATP/P2Y2R-mediated disease progression in antibody-mediated GN. Thus, these data unravel an important pro-inflammatory role for P2Y2R in the pathogenesis of GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rennert
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Zschiedrich
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Sandner
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Björn Hartleben
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Cicko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cemil Korcan Ayata
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Meyer
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zech
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,BIOSS Center for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Thorstenberg ML, Rangel Ferreira MV, Amorim N, Canetti C, Morrone FB, Alves Filho JC, Coutinho-Silva R. Purinergic Cooperation Between P2Y 2 and P2X7 Receptors Promote Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Control: Involvement of Pannexin-1 and Leukotrienes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1531. [PMID: 30038612 PMCID: PMC6046465 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of damage-associated molecular patterns, including uridine triphosphate (UTP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the extracellular milieu is a key component of innate immune response to infection. Previously, we showed that macrophage infection by the protozoan parasite Leishmania amazonensis—the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis—can be controlled by ATP- and UTP-mediated activation of P2Y and P2X7 receptors (activated by UTP/ATP and ATP, respectively), which provided comparable immune responses against the parasite. Interestingly, in context of Leishmania amazonensis infection, UTP/P2Y triggered apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and oxide nitric (NO) production, which are characteristic of P2X7 receptor activation. Here, we examined a possible “cross-talk” between P2Y2 and P2X7 receptors, and the requirement for pannexin-1 (PANX-1) in the control of L. amazonensis infection in mouse peritoneal macrophages and in vivo. UTP treatment reduced L. amazonensis parasite load, induced extracellular ATP release [which was pannexin-1 (PANX-1) dependent], and triggered leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production in macrophages. UTP-induced parasite control was blocked by pharmacological antagonism of P2Y2 or P2X7 receptors and was absent in macrophages lacking P2X7 or PANX-1. In addition, ATP release induced by UTP was also inhibited by PANX-1 blocker carbenoxolone, and partially reversed by inhibitors of vesicle traffic and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. In vivo, UTP treatment reduced footpad and popliteal lymph node parasite load, and the lesion in wild-type (WT) mice; fact not observed in P2X7−/− mice. Our data reveal that P2Y2 and P2X7 receptors cooperate to trigger potent innate immune responses against L. amazonensis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Thorstenberg
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Rangel Ferreira
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Amorim
- Laboratório de inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio Canetti
- Laboratório de inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Morrone
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Alves Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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20
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Rauhala L, Jokela T, Kärnä R, Bart G, Takabe P, Oikari S, Tammi MI, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Tammi RH. Extracellular ATP activates hyaluronan synthase 2 ( HAS2) in epidermal keratinocytes via P2Y 2, Ca 2+ signaling, and MAPK pathways. Biochem J 2018; 475:1755-72. [PMID: 29626161 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20180054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular nucleotides are used as signaling molecules by several cell types. In epidermis, their release is triggered by insults such as ultraviolet radiation, barrier disruption, and tissue wounding, and by specific nerve terminals firing. Increased synthesis of hyaluronan, a ubiquitous extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, also occurs in response to stress, leading to the attractive hypothesis that nucleotide signaling and hyaluronan synthesis could also be linked. In HaCaT keratinocytes, ATP caused a rapid and strong but transient activation of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) expression via protein kinase C-, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-, mitogen-activated protein kinase-, and calcium response element-binding protein-dependent pathways by activating the purinergic P2Y2 receptor. Smaller but more persistent up-regulation of HAS3 and CD44, and delayed up-regulation of HAS1 were also observed. Accumulation of peri- and extracellular hyaluronan followed 4-6 h after stimulation, an effect further enhanced by the hyaluronan precursor glucosamine. AMP and adenosine, the degradation products of ATP, markedly inhibited HAS2 expression and, despite concomitant up-regulation of HAS1 and HAS3, inhibited hyaluronan synthesis. Functionally, ATP moderately increased cell migration, whereas AMP and adenosine had no effect. Our data highlight the strong influence of adenosinergic signaling on hyaluronan metabolism in human keratinocytes. Epidermal insults are associated with extracellular ATP release, as well as rapid up-regulation of HAS2/3, CD44, and hyaluronan synthesis, and we show here that the two phenomena are linked. Furthermore, as ATP is rapidly degraded, the opposite effects of its less phosphorylated derivatives facilitate a rapid shut-off of the hyaluronan response, providing a feedback mechanism to prevent excessive reactions when more persistent signals are absent.
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21
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhang H, Tian X, Fang W. ATP- P2Y2-β-catenin axis promotes cell invasion in breast cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1318-1327. [PMID: 28474758 PMCID: PMC5497932 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), secreted by living cancer cells or released by necrotic tumor cells, plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Our previous study demonstrated that ATP treatment in vitro could promote invasion in human prostate cancer cells via P2Y2, a preferred receptor for ATP, by enhancing EMT process. However, the pro-invasion mechanisms of ATP and P2Y2 are still poorly studied in breast cancer. In this study, we found that P2Y2 was highly expressed in breast cancer cells and associated with human breast cancer metastasis. ATP could promote the in vitro invasion of breast cancer cells and enhance the expression of β-catenin as well as its downstream target genes CD44, c-Myc and cyclin D1, while P2Y2 knockdown attenuated above ATP-driven events in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, iCRT14, a β-catenin/TCF complex inhibitor, could also suppress ATP-driven migration and invasion in vitro. These results suggest that ATP promoted breast cancer cell invasion via P2Y2-β-catenin axis. Thus blockade of the ATP-P2Y2-β-catenin axis could suppress the invasive and metastatic potential of breast cancer cells and may serve as potential targets for therapeutic interventions of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang‐Lan Zhang
- Department of PathologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of PathologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of PathologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hong‐Quan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and EmbryologyPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Xin‐Xia Tian
- Department of PathologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Wei‐Gang Fang
- Department of PathologyKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education)School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
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22
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De Oliveira Moreira D, Santo Neto H, Marques MJ. P2Y 2 purinergic receptors are highly expressed in cardiac and diaphragm muscles of mdx mice, and their expression is decreased by suramin. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:116-121. [PMID: 27220808 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and in the mdx mouse model of DMD, the lack of dystrophin leads to increased calcium influx and muscle necrosis. Patients suffer progressive muscle loss, and cardiomyopathy is an important determinant of morbidity. P2 purinergic receptors participate in the increased calcium levels in dystrophic skeletal muscles. METHODS In this study, we evaluated whether P2 receptors are involved in cardiomyopathy in mdx mice at later stages of the disease. RESULTS Western blotting revealed that P2Y2 receptor levels were upregulated (54%) in dystrophic heart compared with a normal heart. Suramin reduced the levels of P2Y2 to almost normal values. Suramin also decreased heart necrosis (reduced CK-MB) and the expression of the stretch-activated calcium channel TRPC1. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that P2Y2 may participate in cardiomyopathy in mdx mice. P2-selective drugs with specific actions in the dystrophic heart may ameliorate cardiomyopathy in dystrophinopathies. Muscle Nerve 55: 116-121, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drielen De Oliveira Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Humberto Santo Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Julia Marques
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
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23
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Apostolova P, Zeiser R. The Role of Purine Metabolites as DAMPs in Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. Front Immunol 2016; 7:439. [PMID: 27818661 PMCID: PMC5073102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) causes high mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. An early event in the classical pathogenesis of acute GvHD is tissue damage caused by the conditioning treatment or infection that consecutively leads to translocation of bacterial products [pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)] into blood or lymphoid tissue, as well as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), mostly intracellular components that act as pro-inflammatory agents, once they are released into the extracellular space. A subtype of DAMPs is nucleotides, such as adenosine triphosphate released from dying cells that can activate the innate and adaptive immune system by binding to purinergic receptors. Binding to certain purinergic receptors leads to a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and promotes allogeneic T cell priming. After priming, T cells migrate to the acute GvHD target organs, mainly skin, liver, and the gastrointestinal tract and induce cell damage that further amplifies the release of intracellular components. This review summarizes the role of different purinergic receptors in particular P2X7 and P2Y2 as well as nucleotides in the pathogenesis of GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya Apostolova
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
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Abstract
Nucleotide release and purinergic signaling make up the earliest response to corneal injury and are vital for proper wound healing. In this study, we review the importance of nucleotide release in the injury response and focus on the contribution of 2 receptors that mediate purinergic signaling, P2Y2 and P2X7. These receptors mediate the early response to injury and activate downstream signaling to promote cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell migration. The contribution of corneal nerves to the purinergic injury response is also discussed. Finally, we look at implications of altered purinergic signaling in diabetic wound healing and important targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Minns
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vickery Trinkaus-Randall
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Miyake H, Kawano Y, Tanaka H, Iwata A, Imanaka T, Nakamura M. Tear volume estimation using a modified Schirmer test: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind trial comparing 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution and artificial tears in dry eye patients. Clin Ophthalmol 2016; 10:879-86. [PMID: 27257372 PMCID: PMC4874632 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s105275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a modified Schirmer test to determine the increase in tear volume after administration of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution (diquafosol 3%) in dry eye patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A randomized, multicenter, prospective, double-blind clinical study recruited 50 qualified subjects. They received diquafosol 3% in one eye and artificial tears in the other eye. The study protocol comprised a screening and treatment procedure completed within 1 day. The Schirmer test was performed on closed eyes three times a day. The primary efficacy end points were the second Schirmer test scores 10 minutes after the single dose. Secondary end points were the third Schirmer test scores 3 hours and 40 minutes after the single dose and the symptom scores prior to the second and third Schirmer tests. RESULTS According to the Schirmer test, 10 minutes after administration, diquafosol 3% significantly increased tear volume compared to artificial tears. Diquafosol 3% and artificial tears both showed significant improvements in the symptom scores compared to baseline. However, there was no significant difference in the symptoms score between diquafosol 3% and artificial tears. CONCLUSION The modified Schirmer test can detect a minute change in tear volume in dry eye patients. These findings will be useful in the diagnosis of dry eye, assessment of treatment benefits in daily clinical practice, and the development of possible tear-secreting compounds for dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Miyake
- Ophthalmic Disease Area Strategy Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Kawano
- Clinical Operations Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Clinical Operations Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Iwata
- Data Science Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Imanaka
- Ophthalmic Disease Area Strategy Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Nakamura
- Ophthalmic Disease Area Strategy Department, R&D Division, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan
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Haanes KA, Spray S, Syberg S, Jørgensen NR, Robaye B, Boeynaems JM, Edvinsson L. New insights on pyrimidine signalling within the arterial vasculature - Different roles for P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors in large and small coronary arteries of the mouse. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 93:1-11. [PMID: 26827897 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular pyrimidines activate P2Y receptors on both smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, leading to vasoconstriction and relaxation respectively. The aim of this study was to utilize P2Y knock-out (KO) mice to determine which P2Y receptor subtype are responsible for the contraction and relaxation in the coronary circulation and to establish whether P2Y receptors have different functions along the mouse coronary vascular tree. We tested stable pyrimidine analogues on isolated coronary arteries from P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptor KO mice in a myograph setup. In larger diameter segments of the left descending coronary artery (LAD) (lumen diameter~150μm) P2Y6 is the predominant contractile receptor for both UTP (uridine triphosphate) and UDP (uridine diphosphate) induced contraction. In contrast, P2Y2 receptors mediate endothelial-dependent relaxation. However, in smaller diameter LAD segments (lumen diameter~50μm), the situation is opposite, with P2Y2 being the contractile receptor and P2Y6 functioning as a relaxant receptor along with P2Y2. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm smooth muscle and endothelial localization of the receptors. In vivo measurements of blood pressure in WT mice revealed a biphasic response to the stable analogue UDPβS. Based on the changes in P2Y receptor functionality along the mouse coronary arterial vasculature, we propose that UTP can act as a vasodilator downstream of its release, after being degraded to UDP, without affecting the contractile pyrimidine receptors. We also propose a model, showing physiological relevance for the changes in purinergic receptor functionality along the mouse coronary vascular tree.
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Liu YM, Kong M, Jin Z, Gao MM, Qu Y, Zheng ZB. Expression of the P2Y2 receptor in the terminal rectum of fetal rats with anorectal malformation. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1669-1676. [PMID: 25932095 PMCID: PMC4402742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The expression and distribution of a subtype of purine receptors (P2Y2) in the terminal rectum of fetal rats with anorectal malformations (ARM) were examined to investigate their possible impact on the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS). METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (5 rats) and an experimental group (20 rats). The experimental group was treated with ethylene thiourea (ETU). On gestational day 20, the intrauterine fetal rats were collected from both groups of pregnant rats. Sagittal sections of the pelvic perinea were stained with HE. P2Y2 protein and mRNA expression in the terminal recta of the fetal rats in the control group, the ARM group, and the ETU-treated group that exhibited no malformations (the ETU group) were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and qRT-PCR. RESULTS The fetal rats in the control group showed normal position of the anal opening, with no malformation. The incidence of ARM was 89.2% for the fetal rats in the experimental group. The immunohistochemistry results showed that P2Y2 was expressed in the cytoplasm of the cells in the terminal rectum submucosa and myenteric plexus of the fetus rats in the control group, the ETU group, and the ARM group. The average integrated optical density (IOD) value for the ARM group was significantly lower than the IOD value for the control and ETU groups (186.48 ± 23.03 vs. 493.18 ± 19.70; 186.48 ± 23.03 vs. 479.48 ± 41.71, P<0.01), while the IOD value for the ETU group was comparable to the control group IOD (493.18 ± 19.70 vs. 479.48 ± 41.71, P = 0.360). The western blot and qRT-PCR results showed that the P2Y2 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly lower in the terminal rectum of the fetal rats in the ARM group than in the control and ETU groups (0.28 ± 0.08 vs. 0.51 ± 0.10, 0.28 ± 0.08 vs. 0.48 ± 0.12; 48.91 ± 12.17 vs. 98.03 ± 15.68, 48.91 ± 12.17 vs. 92.53 ± 10.43; P<0.01), while the P2Y2 protein and mRNA levels in the control group were comparable to the ETU group (0.51 ± 0.10 vs. 0.48 ± 0.12, P = 0.494; 98.03 ± 15.68 vs. 92.53 ± 10.43, P = 0.058). CONCLUSION P2Y2 may participate in and affect the development of ENS in the terminal rectum of fetal rats with ARM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Mei Liu
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Meng Kong
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Zhu Jin
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ming-Mei Gao
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ze-Bing Zheng
- Department of Pediatric General Thoracic Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College Zunyi 563003, China
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Abstract
Purinergic signaling may represent an effective target in cancer therapy because the expression of purinergic receptors is altered in many forms of cancer and extracellular nucleotides modulate cancer cell growth. We examined the effect of extracellular ATP on the growth of the metastatic breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-435 relative to an immortalized breast epithelial cell line, hTERT-HME1. We also investigated whether the metastasis suppressor gene BRMS1 alters the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to ATP. Exposure to ATP for 24 h decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis in hTERT-HME1. However, exposure to ATP did not decrease proliferation or induce apoptosis in MDA-MD-435 cells until 48 h of exposure and only at higher doses than were effective with hTERT-HME1, suggesting MDA-MB-435 cells were resistant to the antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of ATP. Exposure to ATP for 24 h induced a decrease in proliferation of MDA-MB-435 cells expressing BRMS1, similar to hTERT-HME1, but did not induce an increase in apoptosis. MDA-MB-435 cells expressed low levels of the purinergic receptor P2Y2, as well as decreased ATP-induced cytosolic calcium mobilization, relative to hTERT-HME1. However, expressing BRMS1 in MDA-MB-435 cells restored P2Y2 levels and ATP-induced cytosolic calcium mobilization such that they were similar to hTERT-HME1. These data suggest that BRMS1 increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the antiproliferative, but not apoptosis-inducing effects of ATP and that this is at least partly mediated by increased expression of the P2Y2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Division of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
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