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Duan X, Sun H, Zhang T, Qin J, Cui R, Sun H. Brucine restores sodium nitroprusside-induced chondrocyte dysfunction by suppressing the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2022:109980. [PMID: 35644218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of chondrocytes is thought to play a role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Brucine possesses wide pharmacological activities. But the protective mechanism of the brucine on chondrocytes remains unclear. This study is aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of brucine on the mouse chondrocyte OA model by sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The primary chondrocytes were obtained from the knee articular cartilage of a healthy suckling mouse donor. The cultured chondrocytes were divided into the control group, SNP group, brucine group, brucine-SNP group, brucine-SNP-GSK-3β antagonist group (brucine-SNP- group), and brucine-SNP-GSK-3β agonist group (brucine-SNP-GSK-3β+ group). After 24 h, the chondrocytes from different treated groups were collected to detect chondrocyte proliferation and ultrastructure, regulation factors, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Compared to the SNP group, chondrocyte proliferation, and regulation factors were promoted, and chondrocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, and the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway were inhibited by brucine. It indicates that the adverse effect of SNP is reversed by the brucine on the chondrocyte. Compared to the brucine-SNP group, the effect of brucine on the chondrocyte proliferation, regulation factothe apoptosis, and oxidative stress were promoted by the GSK-3β antagonist. It indicates that the chondrocyte is protected agairucine through buying the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoQin Duan
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China; . School and Hospital of Stomatology of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - HongZhi Sun
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Nursing of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - JiangXia Qin
- School of Nursing of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - RanJi Cui
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - HongChen Sun
- . School and Hospital of Stomatology of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Abstract
Stable isotope labeling is a generally applicable method of quantifying cell dynamics. Its advent has opened up the way for the quantitative study of T cells in humans. However, the literature is confusing as estimates vary by orders of magnitude between studies. In this short review we aim to explain the reasons for the discrepancies in estimates, clarify which estimates have been superseded and why and highlight the current best estimates. We focus on stable isotope labeling of T cell subsets in healthy humans. Current best estimates of the proliferation and production of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Explanation of why estimates vary between studies and which estimates have been superseded. Discussion of the implications of model choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Macallan
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert Busch
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Becca Asquith
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Martínez-Moreno M, Kiesel B, Woehrer A, Mischkulnig M, Furtner J, Timelthaler G, Berger W, Knosp E, Hainfellner JA, Wolfsberger S, Widhalm G. Ex-vivo analysis of quantitative 5-ALA fluorescence intensity in diffusely infiltrating gliomas using a handheld spectroscopic probe: Correlation with histopathology, proliferation and microvascular density. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:354-361. [PMID: 31102691 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative semiquantitative classification of different visible 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence levels by the neurosurgeon is subjective. Recently, handheld spectroscopic probes were introduced enabling quantitative analysis of 5-ALA induced fluorescence intensity (FI). The aim of this ex-vivo study was to correlate the FI in gliomas of different grades with histopathology, proliferation and microvasular density (MVD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with suspected World Health Organization (WHO) grade II-IV gliomas were included and tissue samples from different visible fluorescence levels (strong, vague or none) were intraoperatively collected. After resection, the FI of each sample was investigated ex-vivo by a handheld spectroscopic probe. The FI values were correlated with visible fluorescence, histopathology (WHO grade, quality of tissue, histopathological parameters of anaplasia), proliferation (MIB-1) and MVD. RESULTS Altogether, 143 tumor samples with strong (n = 61), vague (n = 21) and no fluorescence (n = 61) were collected in 68 patients. We found significantly different median FI values between all three visible fluorescence levels. Moreover, the median FI value was significantly higher in WHO grade III/IV samples and compact tumor tissue compared to WHO grade II samples and infiltrated tumor tissue. Further, significant differences in median FI values were observed in specific histopathological parameters of anaplasia (mitotic rate, cell density, nuclear pleomorphism and microvascular proliferation) in multivariable analysis. Finally, a significant correlation between the proliferation rate and FI, but not between MVD and FI was noted. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that handheld spectroscopic probes are capable of visualizing intratumoral glioma heterogeneity by objective assessment of fluorescence and may thus optimize future glioma surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Martínez-Moreno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Kiesel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Adelheid Woehrer
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mario Mischkulnig
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Furtner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Engelbert Knosp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johannes A Hainfellner
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Wolfsberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Iida T, Tomogane Y, Takagi T, Miyaji Y, Sakamoto D, Yoshida Y, Ishikura R, Ando K, Nakagomi N, Hirota S, Yoshimura S. Grading of astrocytomas using the PRESTO (principles of echo-shifting with a train of observations) magnetic resonance imaging sequence. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018; 173:91-95. [PMID: 30096569 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in brain tissue can be detected sensitively using PRESTO (principles of echo-shifting with a train of observations) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the proliferative ability of astrocytoma and intratumoral spotty signal voids seen as hypo-intense dots on PRESTO MRI. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-seven astrocytic tumors, comprising 14 astrocytomas, 12 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 31 glioblastomas, were included in this retrospective study. The tumors were classified independently by blinded radiologists according to the number of spotty signal voids detected on PRESTO-MRI as follows: spot-free (grade 0), less than 3 spots (grade 1), or more than 3 spots or a large spot (grade 2). RESULTS Thirteen patients (92.9%) with astrocytoma were classified as PRESTO grade 0 and 1 patient (7.1%) was classified as grade 1. Seven patients (58.3%) with anaplastic astrocytoma were classified as PRESTO grade 0, 1 (8.3%) as grade 1, and 4 as grade 2 (33.3%). Three patients (9.7%) with glioblastoma were classified as grade 0, 6 (19.4%) as grade 1, and 22 (70.9%) as grade 2. There was a strong correlation between PRESTO tumor grade and the mean MIB-1 index. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a grading system based on the number of spotty signal voids detected on PRESTO images would be useful for the diagnosis of astrocytic tumors and predicting their proliferative ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Iida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Tomogane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Toshinori Takagi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Yuki Miyaji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Sakamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Reiichi Ishikura
- Department of Radiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Kumiko Ando
- Department of Radiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Nami Nakagomi
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
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Papadogiorgaki M, Koliou P, Zervakis ME. Glioma growth modeling based on the effect of vital nutrients and metabolic products. Med Biol Eng Comput 2018; 56:1683-97. [PMID: 29516334 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-018-1809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Glioma brain tumors exhibit considerably aggressive behavior leading to high mortality rates. Mathematical modeling of tumor growth aims to explore the interactions between glioma cells and tissue microenvironment, which affect tumor evolution. Leveraging this concept, we present a three-dimensional model of glioma spatio-temporal evolution based on existing continuum approaches, yet incorporating novel factors of the phenomenon. The proposed model involves the interactions between different tumor cell phenotypes and their microenvironment, investigating how tumor growth is affected by complex biological exchanges. It focuses on the separate and combined effect of vital nutrients and cellular wastes on tumor expansion, leading to the formation of cell populations with different metabolic, proliferative, and diffusive profiles. Several simulations were performed on a virtual and a real glioma, using combinations of proliferation and diffusion rates for different evolution times. The model results were validated on a glioma model available in the literature and a real case of tumor progression. The experimental observations indicate that our model estimates quite satisfactorily the expansion of each region and the overall tumor growth. Based on the individual results, the proposed model may provide an important research tool for patient-specific simulation of different tumor evolution scenarios and reliable estimation of glioma evolution. Graphical Abstract Outline of the mathematical model functionality and application to glioma growth with indicative results.
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Elaff I. Comparative study between spatio-temporal models for brain tumor growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1263-8. [PMID: 29409944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Modeling of brain tumor growth simulator can estimate life expectancy for individual patients, estimate future effect of brain damages toward human senses and attitude and help in evaluating the efficiency of applied treatments. Brain tumor growth can be calculated based on Spatio-Temporal mathematical models namely the isotropic reaction-diffusion model and the anisotropic reaction-diffusion model where the second model produces more realistic results. Tumor normally grows in White Matter (WM) five times faster than in Gray Matter (GM) which makes brain tissues modeled as inhomogeneous-anisotropic material to assign different parameters to each tissue. In this research a comparative study between several tumor growth models has been achieved to clarify the effect of different algorithms on modeling tumor grow.
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Tan HS, Liddell S, Ong Abdullah M, Wong WC, Chin CF. Differential proteomic analysis of embryogenic lines in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). J Proteomics 2016; 143:334-345. [PMID: 27130535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oil palm tissue culture is one way to produce superior oil palm planting materials. However, the low rate of embryogenesis is a major hindrance for the adoption of this technology in oil palm tissue culture laboratories. In this study, we use proteomic technologies to compare differential protein profiles in leaves from palms of high and low proliferation rates in tissue culture in order to understand the underlying biological mechanism for the low level of embryogenesis. Two protein extraction methods, namely trichloroacetic acid/acetone precipitation and polyethylene glycol fractionation were used to produce total proteins and fractionated protein extracts respectively, with the aim of improving the resolution of protein species using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 40 distinct differential abundant protein spots were selected from leaf samples collected from palms with proven high and low proliferation rates. The variant proteins were subsequently identified using mass spectrometric analysis. Twelve prominent protein spots were then characterised using real-time polymerase chain reaction to compare the mRNA expression and protein abundant profiles. Three proteins, namely triosephosphate isomerase, l-ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were identified to be potential biomarker candidates at both the protein abundant and mRNA expression levels. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, proteomic analysis was used to identify abundant proteins from total protein extracts. PEG fractionation was used to reveal lower abundant proteins from both high and low proliferation embryogenic lines of oil palm samples in tissue culture. A total of 40 protein spots were found to be significant in abundance and the mRNA levels of 12 of these were assessed using real time PCR. Three proteins namely, triosephosphate isomerase, l-ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were found to be concordant in their mRNA expression and protein abundance. Triosephosphate isomerase is a key enzyme in glycolysis. Both l-ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase play a role in anti-oxidative scavenging defense systems. These proteins have potential for use as biomarkers to screen for high and low embryogenic oil palm samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooi Sin Tan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Susan Liddell
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Meilina Ong Abdullah
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Chee Wong
- Advanced Agriecological Research Sdn Bhd, No. 11 Jalan Teknologi 3/6, Taman Sains Selangor 1, Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; AAR-UNMC Biotechnology Research Centre, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chiew Foan Chin
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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Biesaga B, Niemiec J, Wysocka J, Słonina D, Ziobro M. The search for optimal cutoff points for apoptosis and proliferation rate in prognostification of early stage breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines in adjuvant settings. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7645-55. [PMID: 26687650 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer growth is determined by the proportion of proliferating to dying cells; thus, the aim of the study was to analyze how proliferation rate and apoptosis level affect disease-free survival (DFS) of breast cancer (BC) patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy. For 172 BC, proliferation rate was investigated by Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI)-assessed immunohistochemically. Apoptosis level was analyzed by apoptotic index (AI) estimated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. To stratify patients into subgroups with higher and lower DFS and to achieve optimal categorization, optimal cutoff points were searching by minimal P value method. The best separation of DFS curves (P = 0.001) was observed for three categories of AI: (i) AI >1.8 % (DFS = 100 %), (ii) AI ≤0.3 % (DFS = 84.6 %), and (iii) 1.8 % <= AI >0.3 % (DFS = 64.0 %). The highest DFS (86.1 %) was shown for the subgroup with low-proliferating BC (Ki-67 LI ≤18.0 %), intermediate (73.9 %) for patients characterized by Ki-67 LI in the range 18.0-37.0 % and the lowest (60.0 %) for women with fast-proliferating tumors (Ki-67 LI >37.0 %) (P = 0.022). Summarized, minimal P value method allows for optimal separation of survival curves. Apoptosis level and proliferation rate have some prognostic potential for early stage breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines in adjuvant setting, however, as suggested by multivariate analysis, not as independent prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Biesaga
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow, 31-115, Poland.
| | - Joanna Niemiec
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow, 31-115, Poland
| | - Joanna Wysocka
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow, 31-115, Poland
| | - Dorota Słonina
- Department of Applied Radiobiology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow, 31-115, Poland
| | - Marek Ziobro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, 11 Garncarska Street, Cracow, 31-115, Poland
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de Freitas e Silva R, Gonçalves dos Santos NF, Pereira VRA, Amaral A. Simultaneous analysis of p53 protein expression and cell proliferation in irradiated human lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Dose Response 2014; 12:110-20. [PMID: 24659936 PMCID: PMC3960957 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.13-015.silva] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
P53 protein has an intrinsic role in modulating the cellular response against DNA radioinduced damages and has been pointed out as an indirect indicator of individual radiosensitivity. The rate of cell proliferation is also a parameter that has been related to tissue sensitivity to radiation. However, this feature is yet understudied. In this context, the aim of this work was to employ Flow Cytometry (FC) for simultaneously assessing of p53 protein expression levels together with cellular proliferation rate of irradiated human lymphocytes. From in vitro irradiated human blood samples, mononuclear cells were isolated and labeled with Carboxylfluorescein Diacetate Succinimidyl Ester (CFSE) prior to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation in culture for 96 hours. Cells were also labeled with anti-p53 monoclonal antibody PE-conjugated in order to analyze either proliferation rate or p53 expression levels by FC. It was verified a reduction in the proliferation rate of irradiated lymphocytes and, in parallel, a rise in the p53 expression levels, similar for quiescent and proliferating lymphocytes. The results emphasize the importance of the use of CFSE-stained lymphocytes in assays associated to proliferation rate and the use of this methodology in several studies, such as for evaluating individual radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Freitas e Silva
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Biodosimetria Aplicada (LAMBDA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-Brasil
| | | | | | - Ademir Amaral
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Biodosimetria Aplicada (LAMBDA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-Brasil
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Eom M, Oh SS, Lkhagvadorj S, Han A, Park KH. HDAC1 Expression in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast and Its Value as a Good Prognostic Factor. Korean J Pathol 2012; 46:311-7. [PMID: 23110022 PMCID: PMC3479820 DOI: 10.4132/koreanjpathol.2012.46.4.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is associated with the expression and function of estrogen receptors and the proliferation of tumor cells, and has been considered a very important factor in breast tumor progression and prognosis. Several studies have reported an association between HDAC1 expression and poorer prognosis in cancers including breast cancer, with a few exceptions. However, because of the dearth of studies on HDAC1 expression in breast cancer, its significance for breast cancer prognosis has not been well defined. Therefore, we examined HDAC1 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), the most common breast cancer, and investigated its potential prognostic significance. Methods We used 203 IDC tissue samples. Immunohistochemical stains for HDAC1 and real-time polymerase chain reaction for HDAC1 mRNA were performed and the results were compared to generally well-established prognostic factors in breast cancer and patient survival rates. Results HDAC1 expression was significantly reduced in proportion to higher histologic grade, higher nuclear pleomorphism score, and higher mitotic counts, and with lower estrogen receptor expression. Furthermore, it was significantly associated with the survival rate. Conclusions HDAC1 expression is a good prognostic indicator in IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseob Eom
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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