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Wolfová K, Otevřelová P, Holoubek A, Brodská B. Nucleolar phosphoprotein modifications as a marker of apoptosis induced by RITA treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2023; 1870:119501. [PMID: 37276927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactivating p53 and Inducing Tumor Apoptosis (RITA) has been reported to increase the p53 activity and to trigger p53-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells with wild-type p53. Tumor suppressor p53 interacts with nucleolar phosphoproteins nucleophosmin (NPM) and nucleolin (NCL), which have crucial role in many cellular processes. Specific NPM mutations associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cause aberrant localization of NPM and p53 in the cytoplasm with possible impact on the p53 function. We tested an effect of RITA on primary cells, and we found significant RITA-induced changes in NPM and NCL phosphorylation associated with apoptosis in cells of AML patients, but not that of healthy donors. Subsequent screening of several AML cell lines revealed heterogeneous response to RITA, and confirmed an association of the specific phosphorylation with apoptosis. While decreased NCL phosphorylation at Threonines T76 and T84 could be attributed to RITA-induced cell cycle arrest, enhanced NPM phosphorylation at Threonine T199 was not accompanied by the cell cycle changes and it correlated with sensitivity to RITA. Simultaneously, inverse changes occurred at Serine S4 of the NPM. These new findings of RITA mechanism of action could establish the NPM pT199/pS4 ratio as a marker for suitability of RITA treatment of AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Wolfová
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 12820 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Otevřelová
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 12820 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Holoubek
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 12820 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Brodská
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 12820 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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2
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Shi W, Liu X, Zhang G, Ye L, Zhou R, Li Y, Yu L. [ RITA selectively inhibits proliferation of BAP1-deficient cutaneous melanoma cells in vitro]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:710-717. [PMID: 37313811 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.05.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen for small molecular compounds with selective inhibitory activity against cutaneous melanoma cells with BAP1 deletion. METHODS Cutaneous melanoma cells expressing wild-type BAP1 were selected to construct a BAP1 knockout cell model using CRISPR-Cas9 system, and small molecules with selective inhibitory activity against BAP1 knockout cells were screened from a compound library using MTT assay. Rescue experiment was carried out to determine whether the sensitivity of BAP1 knockout cells to the candidate compounds was directly related to BAP1 deletion. The effects of the candidate compounds on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected with flow cytometry, and the protein expressions in the cells were analyzed with Western blotting. RESULTS The p53 activator RITA from the compound library was shown to selectively inhibit the viability of BAP1 knockout cells. Overexpression of wild-type BAP1 reversed the sensitivity of BAP1 knockout cells to RITA, while overexpression of the mutant BAP1 (C91S) with inactivated ubiquitinase did not produce any rescue effect. Compared with the control cells expressing wild-type BAP1, BAP1 knockout cells were more sensitive to RITA-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (P < 0.0001) and showed an increased expression of p53 protein, which was further increased by RITA treatment (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Loss of BAP1 results in the sensitivity of cutaneous melanoma cells to p53 activator RITA. In melanoma cells, the activity of ubiquitinase in BAP1 is directly related to their sensitivity to RITA. An increased expression of p53 protein induced by BAP1 knockout is probably a key reason for RITA sensitivity of melanoma cells, suggesting the potential of RITA as a targeted therapeutic agent for cutaneous melanoma carrying BAP1-inactivating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shi
- Innovative Group in Drug Design and Discovery Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - G Zhang
- Innovative Group in Drug Design and Discovery Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Ye
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - R Zhou
- Innovative Group in Drug Design and Discovery Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Li
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Yu
- Innovative Group in Drug Design and Discovery Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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3
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Endo M, Nishioka T, Numazaki K, Hasegawa H, Takahashi T, Sugawara S, Tada H. Reactivation of p53 by RITA Induces Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:2931-2937. [PMID: 35641264 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common tumors of the head and neck region. The tumor suppressor gene p53 (TP53) is the most frequently mutated gene in OSCC and TP53 mutations are associated with decreased survival and resistance to chemotherapy in patients with OSCC. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting TP53 reactivation are required to effectively treat OSCC. In this study, we investigated the effect of various p53-reactivating small molecules (RITA, PRIMA-1, and CP-31398) on the proliferation of human OSCC cell lines (Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4) derived from human oral tissues bearing a mutant TP53 gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Apoptosis induction by RITA was assessed by measuring Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells using flow cytometry. p53 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) phosphorylation and Bax expression were detected in the lysates of RITA-treated Ca9-22 cells using western blotting. RESULTS RITA markedly inhibited the growth of Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 cells. In Ca9-22 cells, RITA induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation while increasing p53 phosphorylation and Bax expression; however, RITA did not induce MDM2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of RITA on human OSCC cell proliferation is mediated by apoptosis induction through p53 and Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Endo
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Oral Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishioka
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Dental Informatics and Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kento Numazaki
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunji Sugawara
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tada
- Division of Oral Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan;
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Assmann AK, Lichtenberg A, Assmann A. Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery Minimally Invasive CABG Management in COPD. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Rep 2022; 11:e14-e16. [PMID: 35127332 PMCID: PMC8810270 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Off-pump multi-arterial minimally invasive coronary surgery via anterolateral mini-thoracotomy has become a feasible and safe procedure.
Case Description
We report on a 61-year-old patient with a coronary one-vessel disease with severely stenotic left anterior descending artery and diagonal branch, additionally suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with severely impaired lung function. Using a fan technique allowing for double lung ventilation, the patient was successfully operated grafting both internal thoracic arteries via a left anterolateral mini-thoracotomy.
Conclusion
Anaortic, minimally invasive off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is an excellent technique to achieve myocardial revascularization with both internal thoracic arteries even in patients with impaired lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kathrin Assmann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Artur Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Alexander Assmann
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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Rico S, Garrido J, Sánchez C, Ferreiro-Vera C, Codesido V, Vidal N. A Temporary Immersion System to Improve Cannabis sativa Micropropagation. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:895971. [PMID: 35812929 PMCID: PMC9262383 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to propagate axillary shoots of Cannabis sativa L. using liquid medium in temporary immersion bioreactors. The effect of immersion frequency (3 or 6 immersions per day), explant type (apical or basal sections), explant number (8, 10, and 16 explants), mineral medium (Murashige and Skoog half-strength nitrates, β-A and β-H, all supplemented with 2-μM metatopoline), sucrose supplementation (2, 0.5, and 0% sucrose), culture duration (4 and 6 weeks), and bioreactor type (RITA® and Plantform™) were investigated. As a result, we propose a protocol for the proliferation of cannabis apical segments in RITA® or Plantform™ bioreactors. The explants (8 per RITA® and 24 per Plantform™) are immersed for 1 min, 3 times per day in β-A medium supplemented with 2-μM metatopoline and 0.5% of sucrose and subcultured every 4 weeks. This is the first study using temporary immersion systems in C. sativa production, and our results provide new opportunities for the mass propagation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleta Rico
- Misión Biológica de Galicia- Sede Santiago de Compostela, MBG-CSIC, Departamento Producción Vegetal, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Garrido
- Phytoplant Research S.L.U, Departamento Hibridación y Cultivo, Rabanales 21-Parque Científico Tecnológico de Córdoba, Calle Astrónoma Cecilia Payne, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Conchi Sánchez
- Misión Biológica de Galicia- Sede Santiago de Compostela, MBG-CSIC, Departamento Producción Vegetal, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Ferreiro-Vera
- Phytoplant Research S.L.U, Departamento Hibridación y Cultivo, Rabanales 21-Parque Científico Tecnológico de Córdoba, Calle Astrónoma Cecilia Payne, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Verónica Codesido
- Phytoplant Research S.L.U, Departamento Hibridación y Cultivo, Rabanales 21-Parque Científico Tecnológico de Córdoba, Calle Astrónoma Cecilia Payne, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Nieves Vidal
- Misión Biológica de Galicia- Sede Santiago de Compostela, MBG-CSIC, Departamento Producción Vegetal, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Nieves Vidal
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de Wit MM, Rice B, Risher K, Welty S, Waruiru W, Magutshwa S, Motoku J, Kwaro D, Ochieng B, Reniers G, Cowan F, Rutherford G, Hargreaves JR, Murphy G. Experiences and lessons learned from the real-world implementation of an HIV recent infection testing algorithm in three routine service-delivery settings in Kenya and Zimbabwe. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:596. [PMID: 34158047 PMCID: PMC8220670 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testing for recent HIV infection can distinguish recently acquired infection from long-standing infections. Given current interest in the implementation of recent infection testing algorithms (RITA), we report our experiences in implementing a RITA in three pilot studies and highlight important issues to consider when conducting recency testing in routine settings. METHODS We applied a RITA, incorporating a limited antigen (LAg) avidity assay, in different routine HIV service-delivery settings in 2018: antenatal care clinics in Siaya County, Kenya, HIV testing and counselling facilities in Nairobi, Kenya, and female sex workers clinics in Zimbabwe. Discussions were conducted with study coordinators, laboratory leads, and facility-based stakeholders to evaluate experiences and lessons learned in relation to implementing recency testing. RESULTS In Siaya County 10/426 (2.3%) of women testing HIV positive were classified as recent, compared to 46/530 (8.7%) of women and men in Nairobi and 33/313 (10.5%) of female sex workers in Zimbabwe. Across the study setting, we observed differences in acceptance, transport and storage of dried blood spot (DBS) or venous blood samples. For example, the acceptance rate when testing venous blood was 11% lower than when using DBS. Integrating our study into existing services ensured a quick start of the study and kept the amount of additional resources required low. From a laboratory perspective, the LAg avidity assay was initially difficult to operationalise, but developing a network of laboratories and experts to work together helped to improve this. A challenge that was not overcome was the returning of RITA test results to clients. This was due to delays in laboratory testing, the need for multiple test results to satisfy the RITA, difficulties in aligning clinic visits, and participants opting not to return for test results. CONCLUSION We completed three pilot studies using HIV recency testing based on a RITA in Kenya and Zimbabwe. The main lessons we learned were related to sample collection and handling, LAg avidity assay performance, integration into existing services and returning of test results to participants. Our real-world experience could provide helpful guidance to people currently working on the implementation of HIV recency testing in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Rice
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kathryn Risher
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Susie Welty
- University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | - John Motoku
- Eastern Deanery AIDS Relief Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | - Frances Cowan
- Centre for Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Gary Murphy
- Independent consultant in HIV laboratory diagnostics, London, UK
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7
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Abstract
Background & objectives Being more efficient and widely used, limiting antigen (LAg)-avidity enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based on the recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) has been developed for differentiating recent and established HIV-1 infection. So far, LAg-avidity EIA has not been validated among the Indian population. Hence, the present study was planned to identify recent HIV infections in high risk patients in the North-West region of India using modified LAg-avidity RITA. Methods Four hundred HIV-positive high risk patients registered on pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme in the last one year, from five ART centres in North-Western States of India, were included for identifying the recent HIV infections. One hundred HIV-positive cases registered for pre-ART for greater than two years in ART centres were included for estimating false recent rate (FRR). Single-well LAg-avidity EIA-based modified RITA was used to identify recent HIV infection cases. Results Of the 400 HIV-1-positive samples, 64 (16%) were found to have been infected within the past 130 days. The proportion of recent HIV infections was 16.8 per cent (18/107) among female sex workers, 10.7 per cent (9/84) among men who have sex with men and 17.7 per cent (37/209) among injecting drug users. The FRR was one per cent (1/100). Interpretation & conclusions LAg-avidity EIA-based modified RITA provided good discrimination between recent and non-recent HIV infection, hence, it could be considered suitable for estimating HIV incidence in sentinel surveillance system in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandar Kanta Chauhan
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P V M Lakshmi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Sagar
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil K Arora
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Yadava OP, Raman J. Radial Artery Patency and Clinical Outcome Study (RAPCOS) Trial. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 37:215-216. [PMID: 33642722 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-020-01111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dr. O.P. Yadava, CEO and Chief Cardiac Surgeon, National Heart Institute, New Delhi, India, and Editor-in-Chief, Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, in conversation with Dr. Jai Raman from the University of Melbourne on the Radial Artery Patency and Clinical Outcome (RAPCO) Trial. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12055-020-01111-y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jai Raman
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Gillmore T, Rocha RV, Fremes SE. Evidence-based selection of the second and third arterial conduit. JTCVS Open 2020; 5:66-69. [PMID: 36003183 PMCID: PMC9390157 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen E. Fremes
- Address for reprints: Stephen E. Fremes, MD, MSc, FRCSC, University of
Toronto, Schulich Heart Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview
Ave, Room H4 05, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
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Singh M, Zhou X, Chen X, Santos GS, Peuget S, Cheng Q, Rihani A, Arnér ESJ, Hartman J, Selivanova G. Identification and targeting of selective vulnerability rendered by tamoxifen resistance. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:80. [PMID: 32727562 PMCID: PMC7388523 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer represents over 80% of all breast cancer cases. Even though adjuvant hormone therapy with tamoxifen (TMX) is saving lives of patients with ER-positive breast cancer, the acquired resistance to TMX anti-estrogen therapy is the main hurdle for successful TMX therapy. Here we address the mechanism for TMX resistance and explore the ways to eradicate TMX-resistant breast cancer in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To identify compounds able to overcome TMX resistance, we used short-term and long-term viability assays in cancer cells in vitro and in patient samples in 3D ex vivo, analysis of gene expression profiles and cell line pharmacology database, shRNA screen, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, real-time PCR, immunofluorescent analysis, western blot, measurement of oxidative stress using flow cytometry, and thioredoxin reductase 1 enzymatic activity. RESULTS Here, for the first time, we provide an ample evidence that a high level of the detoxifying enzyme SULT1A1 confers resistance to TMX therapy in both in vitro and ex vivo models and correlates with TMX resistance in metastatic samples in relapsed patients. Based on the data from different approaches, we identified three anticancer compounds, RITA (Reactivation of p53 and Induction of Tumor cell Apoptosis), aminoflavone (AF), and oncrasin-1 (ONC-1), whose tumor cell inhibition activity is dependent on SULT1A1. We discovered thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1, encoded by TXNRD1) as a target of bio-activated RITA, AF, and ONC-1. SULT1A1 depletion prevented the inhibition of TrxR1, induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage signaling, and apoptosis triggered by the compounds. Notably, RITA efficiently suppressed TMX-unresponsive patient-derived breast cancer cells ex vivo. CONCLUSION We have identified a mechanism of resistance to TMX via hyperactivated SULT1A1, which renders selective vulnerability to anticancer compounds RITA, AF, and ONC-1, and provide a rationale for a new combination therapy to overcome TMX resistance in breast cancer patients. Our novel findings may provide a strategy to circumvent TMX resistance and suggest that this approach could be developed further for the benefit of relapsed breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurendra Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinsong Chen
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, CCK, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gema Sanz Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sylvain Peuget
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Rihani
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, CCK, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Galina Selivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wildner JM, Friemel A, Jennewein L, Roth S, Ritter A, Schüttler C, Chen Q, Louwen F, Yuan J, Kreis NN. RITA Is Expressed in Trophoblastic Cells and Is Involved in Differentiation Processes of the Placenta. Cells 2019; 8:E1484. [PMID: 31766533 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated and no causal therapy is currently available. It is of clinical relevance to decipher novel molecular biomarkers. RITA (RBP-J (recombination signal binding protein J)-interacting and tubulin-associated protein) has been identified as a negative modulator of the Notch pathway and as a microtubule-associated protein important for cell migration and invasion. In the present work, we have systematically studied RITA’s expression in primary placental tissues from patients with early- and late-onset PE as well as in various trophoblastic cell lines. RITA is expressed in primary placental tissues throughout gestation, especially in proliferative villous cytotrophoblasts, in the terminally differentiated syncytiotrophoblast, and in migrating extravillous trophoblasts. RITA’s messenger RNA (mRNA) level is decreased in primary tissue samples from early-onset PE patients. The deficiency of RITA impairs the motility and invasion capacity of trophoblastic cell lines, and compromises the fusion ability of trophoblast-derived choriocarcinoma cells. These data suggest that RITA may play important roles in the development of the placenta and possibly in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Hoock SC, Ritter A, Steinhäuser K, Roth S, Behrends C, Oswald F, Solbach C, Louwen F, Kreis N, Yuan J. RITA modulates cell migration and invasion by affecting focal adhesion dynamics. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:2121-2141. [PMID: 31353815 PMCID: PMC6763788 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RITA, the RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein, has been reported to be related to tumor development, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Since RITA interacts with tubulin and coats microtubules of the cytoskeleton, we hypothesized that it is involved in cell motility. We show here that depletion of RITA reduces cell migration and invasion of diverse cancer cell lines and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells depleted of RITA display stable focal adhesions (FA) with elevated active integrin, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, and paxillin. This is accompanied by enlarged size and disturbed turnover of FA. These cells also demonstrate increased polymerized tubulin. Interestingly, RITA is precipitated with the lipoma-preferred partner (LPP), which is critical in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration. Suppression of RITA results in reduced LPP and α-actinin at FA leading to compromised focal adhesion turnover and actin dynamics. This study identifies RITA as a novel crucial player in cell migration and invasion by affecting the turnover of FA through its interference with the dynamics of actin filaments and microtubules. Its deregulation may contribute to malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Catharina Hoock
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Kerstin Steinhäuser
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Solvadis Distribution GmbHGernsheimGermany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical SchoolJ. W.‐Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Munich Cluster of Systems NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Center for Internal MedicineMedical Center UlmGermany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Nina‐Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
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13
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Lapp S, Bube A, Colbatzky FA, Ernst H, Kellner R, Nolte T, Rinke M. Best Practice Approach for Assessment of Microchip-associated Tumors in Preclinical Safety Studies: Position of the Registry of Industrial Toxicology Animal-data ( RITA). Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:728-734. [PMID: 30176767 DOI: 10.1177/0192623318792541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microchip (passive radio-frequency identification device) implantation is a common and widely employed means of animal identification in laboratory animal facilities. However, these devices have been associated with tumors of the skin and subcutis in rodents. While microchip-associated tumors are rare, they pose a challenge for accurate diagnosis and documentation in preclinical toxicity studies. Documentation of these tumors should differentiate microchip-associated lesions with spontaneously occurring or test article-induced tumors. Standardizing criteria for microchip-associated lesions will aid the diagnostic process and allow for preclinical regulatory standardization. To this end, the Registry of Industrial Toxicology Animal-data have developed clear recommendations for diagnosis and documentation of microchip-associated lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Lapp
- 1 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | | | - Heinrich Ernst
- 3 Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rupert Kellner
- 3 Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Nolte
- 1 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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14
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Rödel F, Steinhäuser K, Kreis NN, Friemel A, Martin D, Wieland U, Rave-Fränk M, Balermpas P, Fokas E, Louwen F, Rödel C, Yuan J. Prognostic impact of RITA expression in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 126:214-221. [PMID: 29122359 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein (RITA) has been identified as a negative regulator of the Notch signalling pathway and its deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of several tumour entities. RITA's impact on the response of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to anticancer treatment, however, remains elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our retrospective study immunohistochemical evaluation of RITA was performed on 140 pre-treatment specimens and was correlated with clinical and histopathologic characteristics and clinical endpoints cumulative incidence of local control (LC), distant recurrence (DC), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS We observed significant inverse correlations between RITA expression and tumour grading, the levels of HPV-16 virus DNA load, CD8 (+) tumour infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death protein (PD-1) immunostaining. In univariate analyses, elevated levels of RITA expression were predictive for decreased local control (p = 0.001), decreased distant control (p = 0.040), decreased disease free survival (p = 0.001) and overall survival (p < 0.0001), whereas in multivariate analyses RITA expression remained significant for decreased local control (p = 0.009), disease free survival (p = 0.032) and overall survival (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION These data indicate that elevated levels of pretreatment RITA expression are correlated with unfavourable clinical outcome in anal carcinoma treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Steinhäuser
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friemel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institute of Virology, National Reference Centre for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Margret Rave-Fränk
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claus Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site: Frankfurt/Mainz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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15
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Shin D, Kim EH, Lee J, Roh JL. RITA plus 3-MA overcomes chemoresistance of head and neck cancer cells via dual inhibition of autophagy and antioxidant systems. Redox Biol 2017; 13:219-227. [PMID: 28582730 PMCID: PMC5925444 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA) is a small molecule that blocks p53–MDM2 interaction, thereby reactivating p53 in tumors. RITA can induce exclusive apoptosis in cancer cells independently of the p53 pathway; however, the resistance of cancer cells remains a major drawback. Here, we found a novel resistance mechanism of RITA treatment and an effective combined treatment to overcome RITA resistance in head and neck cancer (HNC) cells. The effects of RITA and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were tested in different HNC cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant and acquired RITA-resistant HNC cells. The effects of each drug alone and in combination were assessed by measuring cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, glutathione, reactive oxygen species, protein expression, genetic inhibition of p62 and Nrf2, and a mouse xenograft model of cisplatin-resistant HNC. RITA induced apoptosis of HNC cells at different levels without significantly inhibiting normal cell viability. Following RITA treatment, RITA-resistant HNC cells exhibited a sustained expression of other autophagy-related proteins, overexpressed p62, and displayed activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA sensitized resistant HNC cells to RITA treatment via the dual inhibition of molecules related to the autophagy and antioxidant systems. Silencing of the p62 gene augmented the combined effects. The effective antitumor activity of RITA plus 3-MA was also confirmed in vivo in mouse xenograft models transplanted with resistant HNC cells, showing increased oxidative stress and DNA damage. The results indicate that RITA plus 3-MA can help overcome RITA resistance in HNC cells. Condensed abstract This study revealed a novel RITA resistant mechanism associated with the sustained induction of autophagy, p62 overexpression, and Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system activation. The combined treatment of RITA with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine overcomes RITA resistance via dual inhibition of autophagy and antioxidant systems in vitro and in vivo. RITA induces apoptosis of HNC cells at different levels. RITA resistance is related to the sustained expression of autophagy proteins and p62. Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant system is also engaged in the RITA resistance mechanism. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA sensitizes resistant HNC cells to RITA treatment. RITA plus 3-MA induces apoptosis of resistant HNC cells via dual inhibition of autophagy and Nrf2 system in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiha Shin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Gottlieb A, Althoff K, Grunewald L, Thor T, Odersky A, Schulte M, Deubzer HE, Heukamp L, Eggert A, Schramm A, Schulte JH, Künkele A. RITA displays anti-tumor activity in medulloblastomas independent of TP53 status. Oncotarget 2017; 8:27882-27891. [PMID: 28427187 PMCID: PMC5438615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapy of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood, achieves 40–70% survival. Secondary chemotherapy resistance contributes to treatment failure, where TP53 pathway dysfunction plays a key role. MDM2 interaction with TP53 leads to its degradation. Reactivating TP53 functionality using small-molecule inhibitors, such as RITA, to disrupt TP53-MDM2 binding may have therapeutic potential. We show here that RITA decreased viability of all 4 analyzed medulloblastoma cell lines, regardless of TP53 functional status. The decrease in cell viability was accompanied in 3 of the 4 medulloblastoma cell lines by accumulation of TP53 protein in the cells and increased CDKN1A expression. RITA treatment in mouse models inhibited medulloblastoma xenograft tumor growth. These data demonstrate that RITA treatment reduces medulloblastoma cell viability in both in vitro and in vivo models, and acts independently of cellular TP53 status, identifying RITA as a potential therapeutic agent to treat medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Kristina Althoff
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Grunewald
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and SCT, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa Thor
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Odersky
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Hedwig E Deubzer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and SCT, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Junior Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center of the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Heukamp
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and SCT, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and SCT, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Künkele
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and SCT, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10117 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Pietkiewicz AL, Zhang Y, Rahimi MN, Stramandinoli M, Teusner M, McAlpine SR. RITA Mimics: Synthesis and Mechanistic Evaluation of Asymmetric Linked Trithiazoles. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:401-406. [PMID: 28435526 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The established cytotoxic agent RITA contains a thiophene-furan-thiophene backbone and two terminal alcohol groups. Herein we investigate the effect of using thiazoles as the backbone in RITA-like molecules and modifying the terminal groups of these trithiazoles, thereby generating 41 unique structures. Incorporating side chains with varied steric bulk allowed us to investigate how size and a stereocenter impacted biological activity. Subjecting compounds to growth inhibition assays on HCT-116 cells showed that the most potent compounds 7d, 7e, and 7h had GI50 values of 4.4, 4.4, and 3.4 μM, respectively, versus RITA (GI50 of 800 nM). Analysis of these compounds in apoptosis assays proved that 7d, 7e, and 7h were as effective as RITA at inducing apoptosis. Evaluating the impact of 7h on proteins targeted by RITA (p53, c-Myc, and Mcl-1) indicated that it acts via a different mechanism of action to that of RITA. RITA suppressed Mcl-1 protein via p53, whereas compound 7h suppressed Mcl-1 expression via an alternative mechanism independent of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Marwa N. Rahimi
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Matthew Teusner
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shelli R. McAlpine
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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18
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Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women throughout the world. The human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 viral protein plays an essential role in proteasomal degradation of the cancer suppressant protein p53. As a result, p53 negative regulation and apoptosis relevant activities are abrogated, facilitating development of cervical cancer. Methods: A mathematical model of E6-p53 interactions was developed using mathematical laws. In-silico simulations were carried out on CellDesigner and as a test case the small molecule drug RITA was considered for its ability to rescue the functions of tumor suppressor p53 by inhibiting E6 mediated proteasomal degradation. Results: Using a computational model we scrutinized how p53 responds to RITA, and chemical reactions of this small molecule drug were incorporated to perceive the full effects. The evolved strategy allowed the p53 response and rescue of its tumor suppressor function to be delineated, RITA being found to block p53 interactions with E6 associated proteins. Conclusion: We could develop a model of E6-p53 interactions with incorporation of actions of the small molecule drug RITA. Suppression of E6 associated proteins by RITA induces accumulation of tumor suppressant p53. Using CellDesigner to encode the model ensured that it can be easily modified and extended as more data become available. This strategy should play an effective role in the development of therapies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Khattak
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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19
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Bu Y, Cai G, Shen Y, Huang C, Zeng X, Cao Y, Cai C, Wang Y, Huang D, Liao DF, Cao D. Targeting NF-κB RelA/p65 phosphorylation overcomes RITA resistance. Cancer Lett 2016; 383:261-271. [PMID: 27721021 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inactivation of p53 occurs frequently in various cancers. RITA is a promising anticancer small molecule that dissociates p53-MDM2 interaction, reactivates p53 and induces exclusive apoptosis in cancer cells, but acquired RITA resistance remains a major drawback. This study found that the site-differential phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) RelA/p65 creates a barcode for RITA chemosensitivity in cancer cells. In naïve MCF7 and HCT116 cells where RITA triggered vast apoptosis, phosphorylation of RelA/p65 increased at Ser536, but decreased at Ser276 and Ser468; oppositely, in RITA-resistant cells, RelA/p65 phosphorylation decreased at Ser536, but increased at Ser276 and Ser468. A phosphomimetic mutation at Ser536 (p65/S536D) or silencing of endogenous RelA/p65 resensitized the RITA-resistant cells to RITA while the phosphomimetic mutant at Ser276 (p65/S276D) led to RITA resistance of naïve cells. In mouse xenografts, intratumoral delivery of the phosphomimetic p65/S536D mutant increased the antitumor activity of RITA. Furthermore, in the RITA-resistant cells ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCC6 was upregulated, and silencing of ABCC6 expression in these cells restored RITA sensitivity. In the naïve cells, ABCC6 delivery led to RITA resistance and blockage of p65/S536D mutant-induced RITA sensitivity. Taken together, these data suggest that the site-differential phosphorylation of RelA/p65 modulates RITA sensitivity in cancer cells, which may provide an avenue to manipulate RITA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Bu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Chenfei Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Xi Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Chuan Cai
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA; Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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20
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Luan J, Li X, Guo R, Liu S, Luo H, You Q. Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with the enhancement of X-ray susceptibility by RITA in a hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (FaDu). Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:168-74. [PMID: 27247549 PMCID: PMC4852962 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2016-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next generation sequencing and bio-informatic analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanism of reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA)-enhancing X-ray susceptibility in FaDu cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cDNA was isolated from FaDu cells treated with 0 X-ray, 8 Gy X-ray, or 8 Gy X-ray + RITA. Then, cDNA libraries were created and sequenced using next generation sequencing, and each assay was repeated twice. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Cuffdiff in Cufflinks and their functions were predicted by pathway enrichment analyses. Genes that were constantly up- or down-regulated in 8 Gy X-ray-treated FaDu cells and 8 Gy X-ray + RITA-treated FaDu cells were obtained as RITA genes. Afterward, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationships were obtained from the STRING database and a PPI network was constructed using Cytoscape. Furthermore, ClueGO was used for pathway enrichment analysis of genes in the PPI network. RESULTS Total 2,040 and 297 DEGs were identified in FaDu cells treated with 8 Gy X-ray or 8 Gy X-ray + RITA, respectively. PARP3 and NEIL1 were enriched in base excision repair, and CDK1 was enriched in p53 signaling pathway. RFC2 and EZH2 were identified as RITA genes. In the PPI network, many interaction relationships were identified (e.g., RFC2-CDK1, EZH2-CDK1 and PARP3-EZH2). ClueGO analysis showed that RFC2 and EZH2 were related to cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS RFC2, EZH2, CDK1, PARP3 and NEIL1 may be associated, and together enhance the susceptibility of FaDu cells treated with RITA to the deleterious effects of X-ray.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Luan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianglan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rutao Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingshan You
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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21
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Wang H, Yang Z, Liu C, Huang S, Wang H, Chen Y, Chen G. RBP-J-interacting and tubulin-associated protein induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human hepatocellular carcinoma by activating the p53-Fbxw7 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:71-7. [PMID: 25445601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant Notch signaling is observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been associated with the modulation of cell growth. However, the role of Notch signaling in HCC and its underlying mechanism remain elusive. RBP-J-interacting and tubulin-associated (RITA) mediates the nuclear export of RBP-J to tubulin fibers and downregulates Notch-mediated transcription. In this study, we found that RITA overexpression increased protein expression of p53 and Fbxw7 and downregulated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, Hes-1 and NF-κB p65. These changes led to growth inhibition and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells. Our findings indicate that RITA exerts tumor-suppressive effects in hepatocarcinogenesis through induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and suggest a therapeutic application of RITA in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihe Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis in Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathogenobiology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhanchun Yang
- Department of General Surgery of Fifth Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Chunbo Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis in Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathogenobiology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shishun Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis in Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathogenobiology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis in Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathogenobiology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yingli Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis in Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathogenobiology, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Guofu Chen
- Department of General Surgery of Fifth Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China.
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22
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Di Marzo D, Forte IM, Indovina P, Di Gennaro E, Rizzo V, Giorgi F, Mattioli E, Iannuzzi CA, Budillon A, Giordano A, Pentimalli F. Pharmacological targeting of p53 through RITA is an effective antitumoral strategy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cell Cycle 2013; 13:652-65. [PMID: 24345738 DOI: 10.4161/cc.27546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma, a very aggressive tumor associated to asbestos exposure, is expected to increase in incidence, and unfortunately, no curative modality exists. Reactivation of p53 is a new attractive antitumoral strategy. p53 is rarely mutated in mesothelioma, but it is inactivated in most tumors by the lack of p14(ARF). Here, we evaluated the feasibility of this approach in pleural mesothelioma by testing RITA and nutlin-3, two molecules able to restore p53 function through a different mechanism, on a panel of mesothelioma cell lines representing the epithelioid (NCI-H28, NCI-H2452, IST-MES 2), biphasic (MSTO-211H), and sarcomatoid (NCI-H2052) histotypes compared with the normal mesothelial HMC-hTERT. RITA triggered robust caspase-dependent apoptosis specifically in epithelioid and biphasic mesothelioma cell lines, both through wild-type and mutant p53, concomitant to p21 downregulation. Conversely, nutlin-3 induced a p21-dependent growth arrest, rather than apoptosis, and was slightly toxic on HMC-hTERT. Interestingly, we identified a previously undetected point mutation of p53 (p.Arg249Ser) in IST-MES 2, and showed that RITA is also able to reactivate this p53 mutant protein and its apoptotic function. RITA reduced tumor growth in a MSTO-211H-derived xenograft model of mesothelioma and synergized with cisplatin, which is the mainstay of treatment for this tumor. Our data indicate that reactivation of p53 and concomitant p21 downregulation effectively induce cell death in mesothelioma, a tumor characterized by a high intrinsic resistance to apoptosis. Altogether, our findings provide the preclinical framework supporting the use of p53-reactivating agents alone, or in combination regimens, to improve the outcome of patients with mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Di Marzo
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy
| | - Iris Maria Forte
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy
| | - Paola Indovina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Center for Biotechnology; College of Science and Technology; Temple University; Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit; Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale" - IRCCS; Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Giorgi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy
| | - Eliseo Mattioli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy; National Cancer Research Centre; Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II"; Bari, Italy
| | - Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy; Experimental Pharmacology Unit; Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale" - IRCCS; Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Center for Biotechnology; College of Science and Technology; Temple University; Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM); Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"; IRCCS; Italy
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Fraga HPDF, Agapito-Tenfen SZ, Caprestano CA, Nodari RO, Guerra MP. Comparative proteomic analysis of off-type and normal phenotype somatic plantlets derived from somatic embryos of Feijoa (Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret). Plant Sci 2013; 210:224-231. [PMID: 23849129 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Morphological disorders in a relevant portion of emerged somatic embryos have been a limiting factor in the true-to-type plantlet formation in Acca sellowiana. In this sense, the present study undertook a comparison between normal phenotype and off-type somatic plantlets protein profiles by means of the 2-D DIGE proteomics approach. Off-type and normal phenotype somatic plantlets obtained at 10 and 20 days conversion were evaluated. Results indicated 12 exclusive spots between normal and off-type plantlets at 10 days conversion, and 17 exclusive spots at 20 days conversion. Also at 20 days conversion, 4 spots were differentially expressed, up- or down-regulated. Two proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism were only expressed in off-types at 10 days conversion, suggesting a more active respiratory pathway. A vicilin-like storage protein was only found in off-types at 20 days conversion, indicating that plantlets may present an abnormality in the mobilization of storage compounds, causing reduced vigor in the development of derived plantlets. The presence of heat shock proteins were only observed during formation of normal phenotype somatic plantlets, indicating that these proteins may be involved in normal morphogenesis of plantlets formed. These new findings shed light on possible genetic or epigenetic mechanisms governing A. sellowiana morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga
- Graduate Program in Plant Genetic Resources, Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, 1346, ZC: 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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