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Chen YQ, Zhang QX, Cheng ZB, Shan YF, Pu TC, Liu T, Guo QY, Zhang P, Song XL, Yang CS, Zhong ZY, Bai JD. First screening for tick-borne pathogens in Chinese Milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus). Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102293. [PMID: 38086248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are primary vectors for many tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) and pose a serious threat to veterinary and public health. Information on the presence of TBPs in Chinese Milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus) is limited. In this study, a total of 102 Chinese Milu deer blood samples were examined for Anaplasma spp., Theileria spp., Babesia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Borrelia spp., and three TBPs were identified: Anaplasma phagocytophilum (48; 47.1 %), Candidatus Anaplasma boleense (47; 46.1%), and Theileria capreoli (8; 7.8 %). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA confirmed their identity with corresponding TBPs. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Candidatus A. boleense and T. capreoli detection in Chinese Milu deer. A high prevalence of A. phagocytophilum with veterinary and medical significance was identified in endangered Chinese Milu deer, which could act as potential zoonotic reservoirs. The identification of the TBPs in Chinese Milu deer provides useful information for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Xun Zhang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Cheng
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Fang Shan
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Chun Pu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies in Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Long Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cong-Shan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhong
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-De Bai
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
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Ma Y, Jian Y, Wang G, Li X, Wang G, Hu Y, Yokoyama N, Ma L, Xuan X. Molecular Identification of Babesia and Theileria Infections in Livestock in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, China. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:476. [PMID: 38338119 PMCID: PMC10854629 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The northwestern region of China, known as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area (QTPA), is characterized by unique climate conditions that support the breeding of various highly-adapted livestock species. Tick vectors play a significant role in transmitting Babesia and Theileria species, posing serious risks to animal health as well as the economy of animal husbandry in QTPA. A total of 366 blood samples were collected from Tibetan sheep (n = 51), goats (n = 67), yaks (n = 43), cattle (n = 49), Bactrian camels (n = 50), horses (n = 65), and donkeys (n = 40). These samples were examined using conventional and nested PCR techniques to detect Theileria and Babesia species. The overall infection rates were 0.3% (1/366) for Babesia spp. and 38.2% (140/366) for Theileria spp. Notably, neither Babesia nor Theileria species were detected in donkeys and yaks. The infection rates of Babesia and Theileria species among animals in different prefectures were significantly different (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. caballi, and B. ovis were not detected in the current study. To our knowledge, this is the first documented detection of Theileria luwenshuni infection in Bactrian camels and goats, as well as T. sinesis in cattle and T. equi in horses on the Qinghai plateau. These novel findings shed light on the distribution of Babesia and Theileria species among livestock species in QTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Ma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yingna Jian
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Geping Wang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiuping Li
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Guanghua Wang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Naoaki Yokoyama
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Liqing Ma
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biomedicine and Infectious Diseases, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xuenan Xuan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
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Mohanta UK, Chikufenji B, Galon EM, Ji S, Ma Z, El-Sayed SAES, Ringo AE, Do TT, Xuan X. Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analyses of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in Livestock in Bangladesh. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1563. [PMID: 37375065 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Piroplasmosis, caused by Babesia spp. and Theileria spp., poses significant constraints for livestock production and upgradation in Bangladesh. Besides examining blood smears, few molecular reports are available from some selected areas in the country. Therefore, the actual scenario of piroplasmosis in Bangladesh is deficient. This study aimed to screen the piroplasms in different livestock species by molecular tools. A total of 276 blood samples were collected from cattle (Bos indicus), gayals (Bos frontalis) and goats (Capra hircus) in five geographies of Bangladesh. After that, screening was conducted through a polymerase chain reaction, and species were confirmed by sequencing. The prevalence of Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, B. naoakii, B. ovis, Theileria annulata and T. orientalis was 49.28%, 0.72%, 1.09%, 32.26%, 6.52% and 46.01%, respectively. The highest prevalence (79/109; 72.48%) of co-infections was observed with B. bigemina and T. orientalis. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that the sequences of B. bigemina (BbigRAP-1a), B. bovis (BboSBP-4), B. naoakii (AMA-1), B. ovis (ssu rRNA) and T. annulata (Tams-1) were included in one clade in the respective phylograms. In contrast, T. orientalis (MPSP) sequences were separated into two clades, corresponding to Types 5 and 7. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular report on piroplasms in gayals and goats in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Kumar Mohanta
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Boniface Chikufenji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eloiza May Galon
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shengwei Ji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Zhuowei Ma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Aaron Edmond Ringo
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Thanh Thom Do
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Xuenan Xuan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
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Nehra AK, Kumari A, Moudgil AD, Vohra S. An insight into misidentification of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene sequences of Theileria spp. as Theileria annulata. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:454. [PMID: 36577977 PMCID: PMC9795727 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There had been isolated reports of the presence of novel Theileria annulata genotypes based on the 18S rRNA gene sequence data from India, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia; but, these studies were restricted to limited field samples. Additionally, no comparative study has been conducted on all the isolates of this parasite from different countries whose sequences are available in the nucleotide databases. Therefore, we aimed to study the genetic diversity of T. annulata based on all available nearly complete 18S rRNA gene sequences in the GenBank™. Out of a total of 312 gene sequences of T. annulata available in the NCBI database, only 70 nearly complete sequences (> 1527 bp) were used for multiple sequence alignment. RESULTS The maximum likelihood tree obtained using TN93 + G + I model manifested two major clades. All the valid host-cell transforming Theileria species clustered in one clade. The T. annulata designated sequences occupying this clade clustered together, excluding two isolates (DQ287944 and EU083799), and represented the true T. annulata sequences (n = 54). DQ287944 and EU083799 exhibited close association with Theileria lestoquardi. In addition, 14 Indian sequences formed a large monophyletic group with published Theileria orientalis sequences. The broad range of sequence identity (95.8-100%) of T. annulata designated sequences indicated the presence of different Theileria spp. A closer analysis revealed the presence of three Theileria spp., namely, T. annulata, T. orientalis, and two isolates (DQ287944 and EU083799) closely related to T. lestoquardi. The true T. annulata sequences manifested 98.8-100% nucleotide identity within them. EU083799 and 14 misidentified Indian T. annulata sequences exhibited the highest similarity with T. lestoquardi (98.6-98.8%) and T. orientalis (98.0-99.9%) in comparison with the other Theileria spp. of domestic and wild ruminants. CONCLUSION In the course of analyzing the genetic diversity of T. annulata, we identified the nearly complete 18S rRNA gene sequences of other Theileria spp. that have not only been misidentified as T. annulata in the GenBank™, but are also published as T. annulata. Moreover, a high level of sequence conservation was noticed in the 18S rRNA gene of true T. annulata and T. orientalis sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Nehra
- grid.448922.10000 0004 5910 1412Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 125004 Hisar, Haryana India
| | - Ansu Kumari
- grid.448922.10000 0004 5910 1412Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 125004 Hisar, Haryana India
| | - Aman Dev Moudgil
- grid.448922.10000 0004 5910 1412Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 125004 Hisar, Haryana India
| | - Sukhdeep Vohra
- grid.448922.10000 0004 5910 1412Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 125004 Hisar, Haryana India
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Koonyosying P, Rittipornlertrak A, Chomjit P, Sangkakam K, Muenthaisong A, Nambooppha B, Srisawat W, Apinda N, Singhla T, Sthitmatee N. Incidence of hemoparasitic infections in cattle from central and northern Thailand. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13835. [PMID: 35971431 PMCID: PMC9375545 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemoparasites, such as Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and Anaplasma spp., can negatively affect the health of farm animals resulting in significant losses in production. These losses inherently affect the economics of the livestock industry. Since increases in the severity of vector-borne diseases in the southeast Asian region have been reported, investigations of parasitic epidemiology in Thailand will be necessary to improve the existing parasite control strategies for blood parasitic infections. This study aims to investigate incidences of bovine hemoparasites throughout central and northern Thailand by focusing on areas of high-density cattle populations. Methods Blood parasitic infections among cattle were screened and identified by microscopic examination. Anemia status was then determined by evaluation of the packed cell volume (PCV) of each animal. Furthermore, blood parasites were detected and identified by genus and species-specific primers through the polymerase chain reaction method. Amplicons were subjected to DNA sequencing; thereafter, phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of the parasite in each area. Results A total of 1,066 blood samples were found to be positive for blood parasitic infections as follows: 13 (1.22%), 389 (36.50%), and 364 (34.15%) for Babesia bovis, Theileria orientalis, and Anaplasma marginale, respectively. Furthermore, multiple hemoparasitic infections in the cattle were detected. The hematocrit results revealed 161 hemoparasitic infected samples from 965 blood samples, all of which exhibiting indications of anemia with no significant differences. Sequence analysis of the identified isolates in this study revealed that B. bovis rap-1, four separate clades of T. orientalis msps, and A. marginale msp4 exhibited considerable sequence similarity to homologous sequences from isolates obtained from other countries. Sequence similarity ranged between 98.57-100%, 83.96-100%, and 97.60-100% for B. bovis rap-1, T. orientalis msps, and A. marginale msp4, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the analyzed incidence data of cattle hemoparasitic infection in Thailand has provided valuable and basic information for the adaptation of blood-borne parasitic infections control strategies. Moreover, the data obtained from this study would be useful for future effective parasitic disease prevention and surveillance among cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongpisid Koonyosying
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Amarin Rittipornlertrak
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Department of Food Animal clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Paweena Chomjit
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sangkakam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anucha Muenthaisong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Boondarika Nambooppha
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Srisawat
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nisachon Apinda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Department of Food Animal clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tawatchai Singhla
- Department of Food Animal clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Metwally DM, Alajmi R, Alsulami MN, Al-Turaiki IM, Abdel-Gaber R, Alkhuriji AF, Albohiri HH, Mohamed K, Baghdadi HB, El-Khadragy MF, Isaias GT, El-Ashram S. Identification of Theileria spp. in sheep and goats from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using molecular techniques. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12596. [PMID: 34966592 PMCID: PMC8667737 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thileriosis is a tick -born disease caused by hemoprotozoan parasites which has global veterinary and economic implications. Methods Blood samples were collected from 216 sheep and 83 goats from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed to determine whether the animals were infected with Theileria spp. parasites. The parasites were detected using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the gene of 18S rRNA followed by sequencing. Results According to obtained findings, Theileria spp. were detected in sheep (57.8%, 48/83) and goats (51.9%, 112/216). Phylogenetic analysis to sequence data showed that T. ovis identified in this study were found to be closely connected to an isolate from Turkey, with 84.4–99.8% pairwise identity and 52.35–99.79% coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Metwally
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Reem Alajmi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muslimah N Alsulami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isra M Al-Turaiki
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afrah F Alkhuriji
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haleema H Albohiri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalil Mohamed
- Epidemioligy Department, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi B Baghdadi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal F El-Khadragy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, University of Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Guillermo T Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.,Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt.,College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
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Tu HLC, Nugraheni YR, Tiawsirisup S, Saiwichai T, Thiptara A, Kaewthamasorn M. Development of a novel multiplex PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of Plasmodium caprae from Theileria luwenshuni and Babesia spp. in goats. Acta Trop 2021; 220:105957. [PMID: 33979637 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intraerythrocytic parasites are traditionally identified by the microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears. However, this method does not always allow for the identification of individual species in goat's RBCs. Moreover, its unreliability in detecting low levels of parasitemia makes it unsuitable for epidemiological investigations and leaves goat farms vulnerable to potential outbreaks. In the present study, a novel multiplex PCR (mPCR) targeting the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was developed to detect and subsequently differentiate Plasmodium caprae, Theileria luwenshuni, and Babesia spp. The specificity of each primer set was assessed both in silico and with a panel of DNA samples from the hosts themselves and other goat hemoparasites. Amplicons generated from each pair of primers were 664, 555, and 320-bp for P. caprae, Babesia spp., and T. luwenshuni, respectively. These products were further confirmed by sequencing. Our novel mPCR reactions successfully demonstrated the accurate and simultaneous amplification of the three parasites' DNA samples. The current mPCR method showed no cross-amplification with unintended targets. The detection limit of the mPCR in this study was 108 parasites' DNA copies per reaction. The current mPCR was able to detect the minimum parasitemia of approximately 0.001%, 0.000005%, 0.00001% for P. caprae, Babesia spp. and T. luwenshuni, respectively. The diagnostic specificity in the detection of P. caprae and T. luwenshuni ranged from 94.9 to 100 %. The mPCR was further applied to a collection of field blood samples from five provinces in Thailand to validate its reliability and applicability. The results demonstrated the successful detection of P. caprae, Babesia spp. and T. luwenshuni in goat samples with the same sensitivity levels as conventional PCR methods. This study also confirmed the presence of T. luwenshuni and Babesia spp. in Thai goats. The current mPCR method offers an alternative for the diagnosis of P. caprae, T. luwenshuni, and Babesia spp., either single or under co-infection conditions, and for large-scale surveillance.
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Mamman AH, Lorusso V, Adam BM, Dogo GA, Bown KJ, Birtles RJ. First report of Theileria annulata in Nigeria: Findings from cattle ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:242. [PMID: 33962649 PMCID: PMC8105942 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) represent a significant economic burden to cattle farming in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. However, in the northern part of this country, where the largest livestock population resides, little is known about the contemporary diversity of ticks and TBPs. This area is particularly vulnerable to climate change, undergoing marked transformation of habitat and associated flora and fauna that is also likely to include ticks. This study aimed to document the occurrence of tick species and Apicomplexan TBPs in cattle from north-western Nigeria. Methods In 2017, ticks were collected from cattle in Zamfara and Sokoto States and identified morphologically. Additionally, a subset of ticks was screened molecularly for the detection of apicomplexan DNA. Results A total of 494 adult ticks were collected from 80 cattle in Zamfara and 65 cattle in Sokoto State. Nine tick species were encountered, among which the presence of one, Hyalomma turanicum, had not previously been recorded in Nigeria. Hyalomma rufipes was the most prevalent tick infesting cattle in Zamfara State (76%), while Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent in Sokoto State (44%), confirming the widespread transfer of this species from camels onto livestock and its adaptation to cattle in the region. Of 159 ticks screened, 2 out of 54 (3.7%) from Zamfara State and 29 out of 105 (27.6%) from Sokoto State harboured DNA of Theileria annulata, the agent of tropical theileriosis. Conclusions This study confirms the presence of a broad diversity of tick species in cattle from north-western Nigeria, providing the first locality records for Zamfara State. The occurrence of H. turanicum indicates a distribution of this tick beyond northern Africa. This study provides the first report for T. annulata in Nigerian ticks. Given its enormous burden on livestock farming in north Africa and across Asia, further investigations are needed to better understand its epidemiology, vector transmission and potential clinical significance in cattle from northern Nigeria and neighbouring Sahelian countries. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamu Haruna Mamman
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Greater Manchester, Salford, M5 4WT, UK.,Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Plateau State, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Vincenzo Lorusso
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Greater Manchester, Salford, M5 4WT, UK.,Global Research & Intellectual Property Division, Vetoquinol, Paris, France
| | - Babagana Mohammed Adam
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Greater Manchester, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Goni Abraham Dogo
- Global Research & Intellectual Property Division, Vetoquinol, Paris, France
| | - Kevin J Bown
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Greater Manchester, Salford, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Richard J Birtles
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Salford, Greater Manchester, Salford, M5 4WT, UK.
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Alanazi AD, Alouffi AS, Alshahrani MY, Alyousif MS, Abdullah HHAM, Allam AM, Elsawy BSM, Abdel-Shafy S, Alsulami MN, Khan A, Iqbal F. A report on tick burden and molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in cattle blood samples collected from four regions in Saudi Arabia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021. [PMID: 33465662 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-27577/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis are among the most commonly reported tick-borne diseases in cattle and are associated with significant economic losses. Through the present study the researchers aimed to report the presence of various pathogens that cause babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis in cattle collected from different provinces in Saudi Arabia and to report their phylogenetic relationship. A total of 362 blood samples of cattle along with ticks that were present on the cattle were collected from four regions (Riyadh, Al-Kharj, Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim) of Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of various Babesia, Theileria and Anaplasma species by amplification of their 18S rRNA and/or 23S rRNA genes. A total of 541 ticks were collected and identified from the cattle. These included Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma excavatum, Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus turanicus. Regarding tick-borne pathogens, the overall prevalence was 1.9 % (7/362) for Theileria annulata, (2/362) 0.6 % for Theileria and (21/362) 5.8 % for Anaplasma ovis. Four of the cattle were found to be co-infected with more than one pathogen (1.1 %). We did not detect any Babesia species in the blood of the studied cattle. Prevalence of the Theileria and Anaplasma species was highest in cattle that resided in Riyadh, followed by cattle from Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim. Representative amplified partial-gene sequences of T. annulata (GenBank accession numbers MK826137-39) and A. ovis (GenBank acc. no. MK 880224) were submitted to GenBank. The presence of ticks on cattle was found to be associated with a high prevalence of Theileria spp. (P = 0.02) and Anaplasma ovis (P < 0.001). We report novel genotypes of T. annulata and A. ovis from cattle in Saudi Arabia and we recommend that molecular surveys are undertaken throughout the country to address the prevalence and geographical distribution of tick-borne infections for their effective diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah D Alanazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi, 11911, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Alyousif
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend H A M Abdullah
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M Allam
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bassma S M Elsawy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sobhy Abdel-Shafy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Muslimah N Alsulami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
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Kartashov MY, Kononova YV, Petrova ID, Tupota NL, Mikryukova TP, Ternovoi VA, Tishkova FH, Loktev VB. Detection of Ehrlichia spp. and Theileria spp. in Hyalomma anatolicum ticks collected in Tajikistan. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 24:55-59. [PMID: 33659781 PMCID: PMC7716523 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of our study were to survey the prevalence of genetic markers for Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Theileria spp. in Hyalomma anatolicum ticks collected in southwestern Tajikistan and to perform sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of fragments of the 16S rRNA gene and groESL operon from Ehrlichia spp. and fragments of the 18S rRNA gene of Theileria spp. detected in H. anatolicum ticks. Hyalomma anatolicum ticks collected in the Tursunzade and Rudaki districts of Tajikistan were tested for DNA of Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Theileria spp. by PCR with specific primers. The amplified fragments were sequenced and analyzed. DNA of Ehrlichia spp. (3.3 %) and Theileria spp. (3.3 %) was detected only in H. anatolicum ticks collected from the Rudaki district, and DNA of Ehrlichia spp. (0.7 %) was found in H. anatolicum ticks from the Tursunzade district. Sequence analysis of fragments of the 16S rRNA gene and groESL operon from Ehrlichia spp. revealed high similarity to Ehrlichia spp. The Tajik isolates of Theileria spp. were genotyped as Theileria annulata based on the analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that Ehrlichia spp. isolates are highly similar to Ehrlichia spp. circulating in China and Brazil. The isolate Tajikistan-5 is closely related to the putative novel species Ehrlichia mineirensis. The Tajik isolates of Theileria spp. were clustered with T. annulata isolates from Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, and China by phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu Kartashov
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu V Kononova
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - I D Petrova
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia
| | - N L Tupota
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia
| | - T P Mikryukova
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - V A Ternovoi
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - F H Tishkova
- Tajik Research Institute of Preventive Medicine, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - V B Loktev
- State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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11
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Alanazi AD, Alouffi AS, Alshahrani MY, Alyousif MS, Abdullah HHAM, Allam AM, Elsawy BSM, Abdel-Shafy S, Alsulami MN, Khan A, Iqbal F. A report on tick burden and molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in cattle blood samples collected from four regions in Saudi Arabia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101652. [PMID: 33465662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis are among the most commonly reported tick-borne diseases in cattle and are associated with significant economic losses. Through the present study the researchers aimed to report the presence of various pathogens that cause babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis in cattle collected from different provinces in Saudi Arabia and to report their phylogenetic relationship. A total of 362 blood samples of cattle along with ticks that were present on the cattle were collected from four regions (Riyadh, Al-Kharj, Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim) of Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of various Babesia, Theileria and Anaplasma species by amplification of their 18S rRNA and/or 23S rRNA genes. A total of 541 ticks were collected and identified from the cattle. These included Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma excavatum, Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus turanicus. Regarding tick-borne pathogens, the overall prevalence was 1.9 % (7/362) for Theileria annulata, (2/362) 0.6 % for Theileria and (21/362) 5.8 % for Anaplasma ovis. Four of the cattle were found to be co-infected with more than one pathogen (1.1 %). We did not detect any Babesia species in the blood of the studied cattle. Prevalence of the Theileria and Anaplasma species was highest in cattle that resided in Riyadh, followed by cattle from Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim. Representative amplified partial-gene sequences of T. annulata (GenBank accession numbers MK826137-39) and A. ovis (GenBank acc. no. MK 880224) were submitted to GenBank. The presence of ticks on cattle was found to be associated with a high prevalence of Theileria spp. (P = 0.02) and Anaplasma ovis (P < 0.001). We report novel genotypes of T. annulata and A. ovis from cattle in Saudi Arabia and we recommend that molecular surveys are undertaken throughout the country to address the prevalence and geographical distribution of tick-borne infections for their effective diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah D Alanazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi, 11911, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Alyousif
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend H A M Abdullah
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M Allam
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bassma S M Elsawy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sobhy Abdel-Shafy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Muslimah N Alsulami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
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12
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Boularias G, Azzag N, Gandoin C, Bouillin C, Chomel B, Haddad N, Boulouis HJ. Bovines Harbor a Diverse Array of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Northeast Algeria. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110883. [PMID: 33113771 PMCID: PMC7692033 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne hemoparasites represent a serious health problem in livestock, causing significant production losses. Currently, the evidence of Anaplasma spp., Theileria spp., Babesia spp., and hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in Algeria remains limited to a few scattered geographical regions. In this work, our objectives were to study the prevalence of these vector-borne pathogens and to search other agents not yet described in Algeria as well as the identification of statistical associations with various risk factors in cattle in the northeast of Algeria. Among the 205 cattle blood samples tested by PCR analysis, 42.4% positive results were obtained for at least one pathogen. The overall rates of Anaplasma spp., Theileria/Babesia spp., and Mycoplasma spp. in the cattle sampled were respectively 30.7%, 18.5%, and 2.9%; co-infections with multiple species was also detected. Anaplasma spp. and Theileria/Babesia spp. were detected at a higher rate in cattle under 3 years old, according to univariate analysis. Anaplasma spp. DNA was detected more frequently in our sample in cattle living in semi extensive farming. Our study provides additional data about Anaplasma spp., Theileria/Babesia spp. and reveals for the first time that Mycoplasma wenyonii and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma hemobos are present in cattle in Northeast Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghania Boularias
- Research Laboratory for Local Animal Resources Management (GRAL), National Higher Veterinary School of Algiers, Rue Issad Abbes, El Alia, 16025 Algiers, Algeria;
| | - Naouelle Azzag
- Research Laboratory for Local Animal Resources Management (GRAL), National Higher Veterinary School of Algiers, Rue Issad Abbes, El Alia, 16025 Algiers, Algeria;
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (H.-J.B.)
| | - Christelle Gandoin
- UMR BIPAR, National Veterinary School of Alfort, Anses, INRAE, Paris-Est University, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (C.G.); (C.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Corinne Bouillin
- UMR BIPAR, National Veterinary School of Alfort, Anses, INRAE, Paris-Est University, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (C.G.); (C.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Bruno Chomel
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Nadia Haddad
- UMR BIPAR, National Veterinary School of Alfort, Anses, INRAE, Paris-Est University, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (C.G.); (C.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Henri-Jean Boulouis
- UMR BIPAR, National Veterinary School of Alfort, Anses, INRAE, Paris-Est University, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (C.G.); (C.B.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (H.-J.B.)
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Sun M, Guan G, Liu Z, Wang J, Wang D, Wang S, Ma C, Cheng S, Yin H, Luo J. Molecular Survey and Genetic Diversity of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in Cattle in Gansu Province, China. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:422-9. [PMID: 32077037 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-020-00179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. are tick-borne pathogens of livestock globally. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of these pathogens in cattle from 20 locations in 4 Counties of Wuwei City. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the spread of piroplasms, so as to provide the epidemiological information for control piroplasmosis in the region. METHODS The authors provided the molecular data for Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. and analyzed the obtained sequences of the 18S rRNA gene, Tams1 gene and MPSP gene by using the ClustalW program in MEGA version 6.06 software and BLASTn tool of NCBI GenBank database. RESULTS The total infection rates were detected by nPCR with 1.8% for T. orientalis, 3% for T. sinensis, 0.6% for T. annulata, 1.8% for B. motasi and 0.6% for B. bigemina. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report investigating T. sinensis from cattle by PCR in Wuwei City. In particular, ovine B. motasi has been for the first time detected in cattle in our study and its impact is worth discussing to figure out the potential reasons.
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de Pontes LG, Altei WF, Galan A, Bilić P, Guillemin N, Kuleš J, Horvatić A, Ribeiro LNDM, de Paula E, Pereira VBR, Lucheis SB, Mrljak V, Eckersall PD, Ferreira RS, Dos Santos LD. Extracellular vesicles in infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites in buffaloes. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020; 26:e20190067. [PMID: 32528536 PMCID: PMC7262785 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles of growing interest in vetetinary parasitology. The aim of the present report was to provide the first isolation, quantification and protein characterization of EVs from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) sera infected with Theileria spp. Methods Infected animals were identified through optical microscopy and PCR. EVs were isolated from buffalo sera by size-exclusion chromatography and characterized using western blotting analysis, nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, the proteins from isolated vesicles were characterized by mass spectrometry. Results EVs from buffalo sera have shown sizes in the 124-140 nm range and 306 proteins were characterized. The protein-protein interaction analysis has evidenced biological processes and molecular function associated with signal transduction, binding, regulation of metabolic processes, transport, catalytic activity and response to acute stress. Five proteins have been shown to be differentially expressed between the control group and that infected with Theileria spp., all acting in the oxidative stress pathway. Conclusions EVs from buffaloes infected with Theileria spp. were successfully isolated and characterized. This is an advance in the knowledge of host-parasite relationship that contributes to the understanding of host immune response and theileriosis evasion mechanisms. These findings may pave the way for searching new EVs candidate-markers for a better production of safe biological products derived from buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gomes de Pontes
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Fernanda Altei
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Asier Galan
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Bilić
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nicolas Guillemin
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Horvatić
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lígia Nunes de Morais Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vladimir Mrljak
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- ERA Chair Team (VetMedZg), Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, UK
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Clinical Research, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Clinical Research, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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15
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Shirozu T, Badolo A, Soga A, Yoshimura A, Morishita YK, Koketsu M, Shirafuji RU, Inokuma H, Yokoyama N, Fukumoto S. Development and evaluation of a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method targeting Theileria parasites infecting Yezo sika deer. Parasitol Int 2020; 77:102130. [PMID: 32325118 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing Yezo sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) population is creating a large problem. Yezo sika deer are an important blood meal source, and these deer contribute to the maintenance of tick populations. Theileria spp. infections in Yezo sika deer and T. orientalis infections in cows occur at high frequencies, and the same tick species infests both deer and cows. Therefore, a specific detection method to identify deer Theileria spp. is important. In this study, we establish a novel molecular detection method for identifying Theileria spp. from deer and tick samples using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). This method targets a metalloprotease/cell division cycle protein gene homologue. Our LAMP protocol was able to detect deer Theileria and did not show cross reactivity with other closely related protozoan parasites, including T. orientalis. The LAMP method showed sensitivity and specificity equivalent to those of nested PCR performed on the same field samples from deer and ticks. These results demonstrate the applicability of LAMP to field surveys in which the detection of deer Theileria spp. is required. In conclusion, due to its simplicity, specificity, and reliability, we suggest our LAMP protocol as an appropriate method for routine surveys to detect Yezo sika deer and ticks infected with deer Theileria spp. parasites. Additionally, this LAMP method offers great promise as a useful tool to distinguish Yezo sika deer Theileria from related Theileria parasites present in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Shirozu
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Athanase Badolo
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, BP 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Akira Soga
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Aya Yoshimura
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yu-Ki Morishita
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Mami Koketsu
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Rika-Umemiya Shirafuji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hisashi Inokuma
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoaki Yokoyama
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Fukumoto
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
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Kundave VR, Ram H, Shahzad M, Garg R, Banerjee PS, Nehra AK, Rafiqi SI, Ravikumar G, Tiwari AK. Genetic characterization of Theileria species infecting bovines in India. Infect Genet Evol 2019; 75:103962. [PMID: 31302242 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic characterization of Theileria species infecting bovines in India was attempted targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA region of the parasite. Blood samples of bovines (n = 452), suspected for haemoprotozoan infections, from 9 different states of the country were microscopically examined for Theileria species infection. Four Theileria spp. positive blood samples from each state were randomly utilized for PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene (approx. 1529 bp) followed by cloning and sequencing. The sequence data analysis of all the 36 isolates revealed that 33 isolates had high sequence similarity with published sequences of T. annulata, whereas 3 isolates (MF287917, MF287924 and MF287928) showed close similarity with published sequences of T. orientalis. Sequence homology within the isolates ranged between 95.8 and 100% and variation in the length of targeted region was also noticed in different isolates (1527-1538 nt). Phylogenetic tree created for T. annulata sequences revealed that a total of 24 Indian isolates formed a major clade and grouped together with isolates originating from countries like China, Spain, Turkey and USA. Remaining 09 isolates clustered in a separate group and were closely related to the TA5 isolate of T. annulata (a new genotype) originating from India and also with the isolates from East Asian countries like Japan and Malaysia. All the three T. orientalis isolates had minimal intraspecific variation (99-100% homology) amongst themselves. Further, in the phylogenetic analysis T. orientalis Indian isolates were found to cluster away from other 14 isolates of T. buffeli/sergenti/orientalis originating from different countries (Australia, China, Indonesia and Spain). However, these 3 isolates clustered together with the T. buffeli Indian isolate (EF126184). Present study confirmed the circulation of different genotypes of T. annulata in India, along with T. orientalis isolates.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Jose de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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18
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Wang J, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhou X, Li B. Molecular phylogenetic studies on clinical bovine piroplasmosis caused by benign Theileria in Shaanxi Province, China. J Vet Sci 2019; 19:846-849. [PMID: 30173493 PMCID: PMC6265584 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.6.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A group of benign Theileria species, which are often referred to as T. orientalis/T. buffeli/T. sergenti group, has low pathogenicity in cattle. Herein, we report on Theileria spp. in cattle on a farm from China. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the major piroplasm surface protein gene sequences, we detected 6 genotypes that were categorized as Types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 as well as an additional Type 9 genotype. The new epidemiological features of the T. orientalis/T. buffeli/T. sergenti parasites in China indicate a greater diversity in the genetics of these species than had been previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmaceutical, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300 China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050
| | - Xuzheng Zhou
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050
| | - Bing Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050
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19
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Song R, Wang Q, Guo F, Liu X, Song S, Chen C, Tu C, Wureli H, Wang Y. Detection of Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and Anaplasma ovis in Border Regions, northwestern China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1537-1544. [PMID: 29932497 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and Anaplasma ovis are important intracellular agents that are transmitted by tick bites. However, Babesia spp., Theileria spp. and A. ovis in ticks have not been systematically reported along the border of northwestern China. In this study, a total of 1,084 adult ticks, including 134 Haemaphysalis punctata, 337 Hyalomma asiaticum, 233 Dermacentor nuttalli, 69 Rhipicephalus turanicus and 265 Dermacentor marginatus were collected from 11 counties or cities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The ticks were identified from morphological and molecular characteristics. Two fragments of 18S rRNA gene were used to determine the species level of Babesia and Theileria. Msp4 gene encoding major surface protein 4 was used to determine A. ovis. Of the 1,084 samples, five species of Babesia (B. occultans, B. caballi, B. motasi, B. major and Babesia sp. detected in this study), two kinds of Theileria (Theileria ovis and Theileria sp. detected in this study) and A. ovis with six phylogenic branches were detected in the border of northwestern China. Babesia occultans, first found in China, was first molecularly detected in D. nuttalli. Babesia caballi and Babesia sp. detected in this study were first molecularly detected in Hy. asiaticum. Genotype III of A. ovis was predominant in the border regions of northwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Song
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Q Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - F Guo
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - X Liu
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - S Song
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - C Chen
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - C Tu
- Institue of Veterinary Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - H Wureli
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Y Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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20
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Mohamed SB, Alagib A, AbdElkareim TB, Hassan MM, Johnson WC, Hussein HE, Taus NS, Ueti MW. Molecular detection and characterization of Theileria spp. infecting cattle in Sennar State, Sudan. Parasitol Res 2018. [PMID: 29516215 PMCID: PMC5978925 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tropical theileriosis is a serious animal disease transmitted by tick vectors. The agents of theileriosis are obligate intracellular parasites that cause mild to severe disease in the mammalian host. Tropical theileriosis has been recognized as a burden to the development of the dairy industry in Sudan and causes major economic losses. However, knowledge about the distribution of Theileria spp. in Sudan and the extent of sequence variation within the 18S rRNA gene is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of Theileria spp. using 18S rRNA-based PCR to detect parasites in cattle followed by cloning and sequencing. We observed an overall prevalence rate of 63% hemoparasite infection in cattle from Sennar state. A subset of samples was used for cloning and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. Nineteen of 44 animals were co-infected with more than one species of Theilera. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three Theileria spp. that were predominant in cattle including pathogenic T. annulata and apathogenic T. velifera and T. mutans. The present study provides information regarding the prevalence of theileriosis in Sudan and will help to design strategies to control it. Additionally, more study is needed to determine tick vector competence and degree of coinfection with multiple Theileria spp. in Sudan. This represents the first molecular phylogeny report to identify Theileria spp. in cattle from Sudan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia B Mohamed
- National University Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan.,Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Atif Alagib
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Mohamed M Hassan
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Zaiem Al Azhari University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Hala E Hussein
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7040, USA
| | - Naomi S Taus
- USDA-ARS-Animal Disease Research Unit, Pullman, WA, USA.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7040, USA
| | - Massaro W Ueti
- USDA-ARS-Animal Disease Research Unit, Pullman, WA, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7040, USA.
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21
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Kho KL, Amarajothi ADG, Koh FX, Panchadcharam C, Hassan Nizam QN, Tay ST. The first molecular survey of theileriosis in Malaysian cattle, sheep and goats. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2017; 10:149-153. [PMID: 31014589 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the molecular detection of Theileria spp. from six cattle farms, a sheep farm and a goat farm located at different states in Peninsular Malaysia. Animal blood samples were screened for the presence of Theileria DNA using a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. A total of 155 (69.2%) of 224 cattle investigated were PCR-positive for Theileria DNA. The occurrences of Theileria spp. ranged from 17.5% to 100.0% across six cattle farms. Theileria DNA was detected from 90.0% of 40 sheep but none of 40 goats examined in this study. Sequence analyses of amplified 18S rRNA partial fragments (335-338bp) confirmed the identification of Theileria buffeli, Theileria sergenti, and Theileria sinensis in representative samples of cattle and ticks. T. luwenshuni was identified in the infected sheep. The high occurrences of Theileria spp. in our farm animals highlight the needs for appropriate control and preventive measures for theileriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ling Kho
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Asha Devi G Amarajothi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fui Xian Koh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Quaza Nizamuddin Hassan Nizam
- Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry Malaysia, Federal Government Administrative Centre, 62630 Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sun Tee Tay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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22
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Pereira A, Parreira R, Nunes M, Casadinho A, Vieira ML, Campino L, Maia C. Molecular detection of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in cervids and wild boars from Portugal. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:251. [PMID: 27160767 PMCID: PMC4862153 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wildlife can act as reservoir of different tick-borne pathogens, such as bacteria, parasites and viruses. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa with veterinary and zoonotic importance in cervids and wild boars from the Centre and South of Portugal. Methods One hundred and forty one blood samples from free-ranging ungulates including 73 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 65 wild boars (Sus scrofa) and three fallow deer (Dama dama) were tested for the presence of Anaplasma marginale/A. ovis, A. phagocytophilum, Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp., Babesia/Theileria spp., Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) (s.l.), and Rickettsia spp. DNA by PCR. Results Anaplasma spp. DNA was detected in 33 (43.4 %) cervids (31 red deer and two fallow deer) and in two (3.1 %) wild boars while Theileria spp. were found in 34 (44.7 %) cervids (32 red deer and two fallow deer) and in three (4.6 %) wild boar blood samples. Sequence analysis of msp4 sequences identified A. marginale, A. ovis, while the analysis of rDNA sequence data disclosed the presence of A. platys and A. phagocytophilum and T. capreoli and Theileria sp. OT3. Anaplasma spp./Theileria spp. mixed infections were found in 17 cervids (22.4 %) and in two wild boars (3.1 %). All samples were negative for Babesia sp., B. burgdorferi (s.l.), Ehrlichia sp. or Rickettsia sp. Conclusions This is the first detection of Anaplasma marginale, A. ovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. platys, Theileria capreoli and Theileria sp. OT3 in cervids and wild boars from Portugal. Further studies concerning the potential pathogenicity of the different species of Anaplasma and Theileria infecting wild ungulates, the identification of their vector range, and their putative infectivity to domestic livestock and humans should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Pereira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Parreira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.,Medical Microbiology Unit, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mónica Nunes
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.,Medical Microbiology Unit, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Afonso Casadinho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Luísa Vieira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.,Medical Microbiology Unit, IHMT, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lenea Campino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal.,Medical Parasitology Unit, IHMT-UNL, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Biomdical Scienecs and Medicine, Universidade do Algarve, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Maia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal. .,Medical Parasitology Unit, IHMT-UNL, Lisbon, Portugal.
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Raida Al-Rukibat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wael Hananeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Zuhair Bani Ismail
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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24
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M'ghirbi Y, Ros-García A, Iribar P, Rhaim A, Hurtado A, Bouattour A. A molecular study of tick-borne haemoprotozoan parasites (Theileria and Babesia) in small ruminants in Northern Tunisia. Vet Parasitol 2013; 198:72-7. [PMID: 24029713 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the frequency of Theileria and Babesia species in sheep and goats was assessed via reverse line blotting (RLB). A total of 263 apparently healthy sheep and goats, from 16 randomly selected flocks located in 9 localities situated in 3 bioclimatic zones in Tunisia, were investigated for the blood protozoans. RLB hybridization with polymerase chain reaction detected only Theileria ovis in sheep and goats, accounting for 22.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.6-27.1%) positive samples. The infection rate in sheep (28.1%; 95% CI: 23.8-32.3%) was higher than in goats (4.7%; 95% CI: -10.9 to 20.4%). Neither Babesia nor mixed infections were detected. Only two Ixodid tick species (Rhipicephalus turanicus and Rhipicephalus bursa) were collected from the examined sheep and goats in 5 localities. R. turanicus was the dominant species (95.5%) collected mainly in the humid zone, while apparently rare in the sub-humid zone. R. bursa was the only species collected in the semi-arid area. RLB analysis identified six different piroplasms in ticks, with an overall prevalence of 31.5% (95% CI: 28.1-34.9%). Twenty percent (95% CI: 14.4-25.5%) of the collected ticks tested positive for Theileria spp., 3% (95% CI: -5.6 to 11.6%) for Babesia spp. and 0.9% (95% CI: -8.1 to 9.9%) of the ticks harbored both genera; several of these species are not known to occur in small ruminants. This is the first report on the detection of Theileria and Babesia species DNA in small ruminants and ticks in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youmna M'ghirbi
- Laboratoire d'Épidémiologie et Microbiologie Vétérinaire, Service d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; Université Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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25
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Li Y, Zhang X, Liu Z, Chen Z, Yang J, He H, Guan G, Liu A, Ren Q, Niu Q, Liu J, Luo J, Yin H. An epidemiological survey of Theileria infections in small ruminants in central China. Vet Parasitol 2014; 200:198-202. [PMID: 24365241 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we conducted an epidemiological study in five regions in central China to assess the impact of theileriosis on small ruminants. PCR analysis and microscopic evaluations of blood smears to detect ovine and caprine theileriosis was conducted, in which 256 blood samples and 250 ticks were collected from sheep and goats, and tested for Theileria uilenbergi, T. luwenshuni, and T. ovis. The 18S rRNA gene sequences were deduced from positive samples and used for phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that T. luwenshuni was found most frequently in the five investigated regions and the prevalence of T. luwenshuni was found to be very high by PCR analysis. In contrast, T. uilenbergi and T. ovis infections were not detected in these regions. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that all of the newly isolated Theileria spp. was in the same clade as T. luwenshuni. Haemaphysalis longicornis, which can transmit T. luwenshuni, was also detected in the sampled sheep and goats in these regions. Our results provide important data to increase the understanding of the epidemiology of ovine and caprine theileriosis, and will aid in the implementation of measures to control theileriosis transmission to small ruminants in central China.
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