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Abdulaal WH, Omar UM, Zeyadi M, El-Agamy DS, Alhakamy NA, Ibrahim SRM, Almalki NAR, Asfour HZ, Al-Rabia MW, Mohamed GA, Elshal M. Modulation of the crosstalk between Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways by Tomatidine protects against inflammation/oxidative stress-driven fulminant hepatic failure in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111732. [PMID: 38402834 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is the terminal phase of acute liver injury, which is characterized by massive hepatocyte necrosis and rapid hepatic dysfunction in patients without preexisting liver disease. There are currently no therapeutic options for such a life-threatening hepatic failure except liver transplantation; therefore, the terminal phase of the underlying acute liver injury should be avoided. Tomatidine (TOM), asteroidal alkaloid, may have different biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced FHF mouse model was established to explore the protective potential of TOM and the underlying mechanisms of action. TOM pretreatment significantly inhibited hepatocyte necrosis and decreased serum aminotransferase activities in LPS/D-GalN-stimulated mice. TOM further increased the level of different antioxidant enzymes while reducing lipid peroxidation biomarkers in the liver. These beneficial effects of TOM were shown to be associated with targeting of NF-κB signaling pathways, where TOM repressed NF-κB activation and decreased LPS/D-GalN-induced TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS production. Moreover, TOM prevented LPS/D-GalN-induced upregulation of Keap1 expression and downregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, leading to increased Nrf2-binding activity and HO-1 levels. Besides, TOM pretreatment repressed LPS/D-GalN-induced upregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, which spared the hepatocytes from damage and subsequent repair following the LPS/D-GalN challenge. Collectively, our findings revealed that TOM has a protective effect on LPS/D-GalN-induced FHF in mice, showing powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, primarily mediated via modulating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/TNF-α/IL-6/IL-1β/iNOS signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam H Abdulaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ulfat M Omar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Zeyadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dina S El-Agamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Naif A R Almalki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed W Al-Rabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud Elshal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Xu B, Huang M, Qi H, Xu H, Cai L. Tomatidine activates autophagy to improve lung injury and inflammation in sepsis by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:14. [PMID: 38400847 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening medical condition with high mortality and morbidity. Autophagy is involved in the pathophysiological process of sepsis-induced ALI, including inflammation, which indicates that regulating autophagy may be beneficial for this disease. Tomatidine, a natural compound abundant in unripe tomatoes, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic, and lipid-lowering effects. However, the biological functions and mechanisms of tomatidine in sepsis-induced ALI remain unknown. The principal objective of this study was to investigate the effect of tomatidine on sepsis-induced ALI. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to induce septic lung injury in mice, and 10 mg/kg tomatidine was intraperitoneally injected into mice 2 h after the operation. The results of hematoxylin and eosin staining and assessment of lung edema and total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) demonstrated that tomatidine alleviated CLP-induced severe lung injuries such as hemorrhage, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and interstitial and alveolar edema in mice. Additionally, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in BALF and lung tissues were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results showed that tomatidine inhibited CLP-induced inflammatory damage to lungs. Moreover, the results of western blotting showed that tomatidine promoted autophagy during CLP-induced ALI. Mechanistically, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to measure the protein levels of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB, phosphorylated IκBα, and phosphorylated MAPKs, showing that tomatidine inactivated NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lung tissues of CLP-induced ALI mice. In conclusion, tomatidine exerts protective effects against sepsis-induced severe damage to the lungs by inhibiting inflammation and activating autophagy in CLP-treated mice through inactivating the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which may be an effective candidate for treating septic ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 230000, China.
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 230000, China
| | - Hang Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Hongzhou Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Liang Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 230000, China
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Delbrouck JA, Murza A, Diachenko I, Ben Jamaa A, Devi R, Larose A, Chamberland S, Malouin F, Boudreault PL. From garden to lab: C-3 chemical modifications of tomatidine unveil broad-spectrum ATP synthase inhibitors to combat bacterial resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115886. [PMID: 37924710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is escalating alarmingly worldwide. Bacterial resistance mechanisms are surfacing and proliferating across the globe, jeopardizing our capacity to manage prevalent infectious illnesses. Without drastic measures, we risk entering a post-antibiotic era, where even trivial infections and injuries can cause death again. In this context, we have developed a new class of antibiotics based on tomatidine (TO), a natural product derived from tomato plants, with a novel mode of action by targeting bacterial ATP synthases. The first generation of compounds proved highly specific for small-colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus. However, optimization of this scaffold through extensive structure-activity relationship studies has enabled us to broaden its effectiveness to include both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, the results showed that specific C3-modification of TO could improve ATP synthase inhibition and also bypass the outer membrane barrier of Gram-negative bacteria to gain substantial growth inhibition including against multi-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien A Delbrouck
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Murza
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Iryna Diachenko
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Abdelkhalek Ben Jamaa
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Runjun Devi
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Audrey Larose
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne Chamberland
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, QC, Canada
| | - François Malouin
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, QC, Canada.
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC, Canada; Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada.
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Bailly C. The steroidal alkaloids α-tomatine and tomatidine: Panorama of their mode of action and pharmacological properties. Steroids 2021; 176:108933. [PMID: 34695457 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The steroidal glycoalkaloid α-tomatine (αTM) and its aglycone tomatidine (TD) are abundant in the skin of unripe green tomato and present in tomato leaves and flowers. They mainly serve as defensive agents to protect the plant against infections by insects, bacteria, parasites, viruses, and fungi. In addition, the two products display a range of pharmacological properties potentially useful to treat various human diseases. We have analyzed all known pharmacological activities of αTM and TD, and the corresponding molecular targets and pathways impacted by these two steroidal alkaloids. In experimental models, αTM displays anticancer effects, particularly strong against androgen-independent prostate cancer, as well as robust antifungal effects. αTM is a potent cholesterol binder, useful as a vaccine adjuvant to improve delivery of protein antigens or therapeutic oligonucleotides. TD is a much less cytotoxic compound, able to restrict the spread of certain viruses (such as dengue, chikungunya and porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses) and to provide cardio and neuro-protective effects toward human cells. Both αTM and TD exhibit marked anti-inflammatory activities. They proceed through multiple signaling pathways and protein targets, including the sterol C24 methyltransferase Erg6 and vitamin D receptor, both directly targeted by TD. αTM is a powerful regulator of the NFkB/ERK signaling pathway implicated in various diseases. Collectively, the analysis shed light on the multitargeted action of αTM/TD and their usefulness as chemo-preventive or chemotherapeutic agents. A novel medicinal application for αTM is proposed.
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Wu SJ, Huang WC, Yu MC, Chen YL, Shen SC, Yeh KW, Liou CJ. Tomatidine ameliorates obesity-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108602. [PMID: 33548473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tomatidine is isolated from the leaves and green fruits of some plants in the Solanaceae family, and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects. Previous studies have found that tomatidine decreases hepatic lipid accumulation via regulation of vitamin D receptor and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. However, whether tomatidine reduces weight gain and improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated how tomatidine ameliorates NAFLD in obese mice and evaluated the regulatory mechanism of lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity and NAFLD, and treated with tomatidine via intraperitoneal injection. In vitro, FL83B hepatocytes were incubated with oleic acid and treated with tomatidine to evaluate lipid metabolism. Our results demonstrate that tomatidine significantly decreases body weight and fat weight compared to HFD-fed mice. In addition, tomatidine decreased hepatic lipid accumulation and improved hepatocyte steatosis in HFD-induced obese mice. We also found that tomatidine significantly regulated serum total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels, but the serum high-density lipoprotein and adiponectin concentrations were higher than in the HFD-fed obese mice. In vivo and in vitro, tomatidine significantly suppressed the expression of fatty acid synthase and transcription factors involved in lipogenesis, and increased the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase. Tomatidine promoted the sirtuin 1 (sirt1)/AMPK signaling pathway to increase lipolysis and β-oxidation in fatty liver cells. These findings suggest that tomatidine potentially ameliorates obesity and acts against hepatic steatosis by regulating lipogenesis and the sirt1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Ahsan A, Zheng Y, Ma S, Liu M, Cao M, Li Y, Zheng W, Zhou X, Xin M, Hu WW, Chen Z, Zhang X. Tomatidine protects against ischemic neuronal injury by improving lysosomal function. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173280. [PMID: 32580039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a severe neurological disorder with limited therapy. Autophagy refers to the intracellular degradation process via an autophagosome-lysosome pathway. Emerging studies indicated the neuroprotective effects of autophagy against ischemic neuronal injury, suggesting the potential neuroprotection of autophagy-inducing compounds. Tomatidine is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite from unripe tomatoes. Tomatidine activates autophagy either in mammal cells or C elegans. However, potential neuroprotection of tomatidine against ischemic neuronal injury has not been determined. In the present investigation, N2a cells and primary cultured mice cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R). Cell injury was determined by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase release. Autophagosomes and autolysosomes were visualized by transfecting mCherry-GFP-tandem fluorescent LC3. The protein levels of LC3, Cathepsin D, Cathepsin B, and transcription factor EB (TFEB) were detected by Western blot. Lysosomes were stained with LysoTracker Red and dequenched-bovine serum albumin (DQ-BSA red). Tomatidine alleviated OGD/R-induced injury in N2a cells and neurons. Interestingly, tomatidine treatment attenuated, rather than reinforced, the OGD/R-elevated LC3-II, which can be reversed by lysosome inhibitor. These results indicated enhanced lysosomal activity rather than autophagosome generation with tomatidine treatment in our models. Indeed, tomatidine increased the lysosome number, proteolytic activities, as well as the expression of Cathepsin D and Cathepsin B. In addition, tomatidine increased the expression and nucleus translocation of (TFEB). Besides, lysosomal inhibitors chloroquine and bafilomycin, but not wortmannin, abolished the protection of tomatidine. In conclusion, the present study revealed the neuroprotection of tomatidine against ischemic injury by promoting lysosomal activity, possibly with the involvement of TFEB-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Ahsan
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shijia Ma
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengru Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ming Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wanqing Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minhang Xin
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei-Wei Hu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Diosa-Toro M, Troost B, van de Pol D, Heberle AM, Urcuqui-Inchima S, Thedieck K, Smit JM. Tomatidine, a novel antiviral compound towards dengue virus. Antiviral Res 2018; 161:90-99. [PMID: 30468746 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is the most common arboviral disease worldwide with 96 million symptomatic cases annually. Despite its major impact on global human health and huge economic burden there is no antiviral drug available to treat the disease. The first tetravalent dengue virus vaccine was licensed in 2015 for individuals aged 9 to 45, however, most cases are reported in infants and young children. This, together with the limited efficacy of the vaccine to dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2, stresses the need to continue the search for compounds with antiviral activity to DENV. In this report, we describe tomatidine as a novel compound with potent antiviral properties towards all DENV serotypes and the related Zika virus. The strongest effect was observed for DENV-2 with an EC50 and EC90 value of 0.82 and 1.61 μM, respectively, following infection of Huh7 cells at multiplicity of infection of 1. The selectivity index is 97.7. Time-of-drug-addition experiments revealed that tomatidine inhibits virus particle production when added pre, during and up to 12 h post-infection. Subsequent experiments show that tomatidine predominantly acts at a step after virus-cell binding and membrane fusion but prior to the secretion of progeny virions. Tomatidine was found to control the expression of the cellular protein activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), yet, this protein is not solely responsible for the observed antiviral effect. Here, we propose tomatidine as a candidate for the treatment of dengue given its potent antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Diosa-Toro
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands; Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Berit Troost
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Denise van de Pol
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Martin Heberle
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Kathrin Thedieck
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signaling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands; Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jolanda M Smit
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Rangasami VK, Lohchania B, Voshavar C, Rachamalla HR, Banerjee R, Dhayani A, Thangavel S, Vemula PK, Marepally S. Exploring membrane permeability of Tomatidine to enhance lipid mediated nucleic acid transfections. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2018; 1861:327-334. [PMID: 29902420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of nucleic acids is one of the critical steps in the transfections. Prior findings demonstrated various strategies including membrane fusion, endosomal escape for the efficient cytoplasmic delivery. In our continuing efforts to improve the nucleic acids transfections, we harnessed cell permeable properties of Tomatidine (T), a steroidal alkaloid abundantly found in green tomatoes for maximizing intracellular delivery of lipoplexes. We doped Tomatidine into liposomes of cationic lipid with amide linker (A) from our lipid library. Six liposomal formulations (AT) of Lipid A (1 mM) with varying concentrations of Tomatidine (0-1 mM) were prepared and evaluated for their transfection efficacies. Owing to its signature characteristic of cell membrane permeability, Tomatidine modulated endocytosis process, enhanced the intracellular delivery of the lipoplexes, and in turn increased the transfection efficacy of cationic liposomes. Our findings provide 'proof of concept' for enhancing transfections in gene delivery applications with Tomatidine in cationic liposomal formulations. These findings can be further applied in lipid mediated gene therapy and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh K Rangasami
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | - Brijesh Lohchania
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | | | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ashish Dhayani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India; The School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
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Guay I, Boulanger S, Isabelle C, Brouillette E, Chagnon F, Bouarab K, Marsault E, Malouin F. Tomatidine and analog FC04-100 possess bactericidal activities against Listeria, Bacillus and Staphylococcus spp. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29439722 PMCID: PMC5812199 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tomatidine (TO) is a plant steroidal alkaloid that possesses an antibacterial activity against the small colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus. We report here the spectrum of activity of TO against other species of the Bacillales and the improved antibacterial activity of a chemically-modified TO derivative (FC04–100) against Listeria monocytogenes and antibiotic multi-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), two notoriously difficult-to-kill microorganisms. Methods Bacillus and Listeria SCVs were isolated using a gentamicin selection pressure. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of TO and FC04–100 were determined by a broth microdilution technique. The bactericidal activity of TO and FC04–100 used alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside against planktonic bacteria was determined in broth or against bacteria embedded in pre-formed biofilms by using the Calgary Biofilm Device. Killing of intracellular SCVs was determined in a model with polarized pulmonary cells. Results TO showed a bactericidal activity against SCVs of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis and Listeria monocytogenes with MICs of 0.03–0.12 μg/mL. The combination of an aminoglycoside and TO generated an antibacterial synergy against their normal phenotype. In contrast to TO, which has no relevant activity by itself against Bacillales of the normal phenotype (MIC > 64 μg/mL), the TO analog FC04–100 showed a MIC of 8–32 μg/mL. Furthermore, FC04–100 showed a strong bactericidal activity against L. monocytogenes SCVs in kill kinetics experiments, while TO did not. The addition of FC04–100 (4 μg/mL) to a cefalexin:kanamycin (3:2) combination improved the activity of the combination by 32 fold against cefalexin and kanamycin-resistant MRSA strains. In combination with gentamicin, FC04–100 also exhibited a strong bactericidal activity against biofilm-embedded S. aureus. Also, FC04–100 and TO showed comparable intracellular killing of S. aureus SCVs. Conclusions Chemical modifications of TO allowed improvement of its antibacterial activity against prototypical S. aureus and of its bactericidal activity against L. monocytogenes. Antibacterial activities against such prominent pathogens could be useful to prevent Listeria contamination in the food chain or as treatment for MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Guay
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Simon Boulanger
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Charles Isabelle
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Eric Brouillette
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Félix Chagnon
- Département de pharmacologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12 th avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Kamal Bouarab
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Eric Marsault
- Département de pharmacologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12 th avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - François Malouin
- Centre d'Étude et de Valorisation de la Diversité Microbienne (CEVDM), Département de biologie, Faculté des sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada.
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Song SE, Shin SK, Cho HW, Im SS, Bae JH, Woo SM, Kwon TK, Song DK. Tomatidine inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis in C 2C 12 myoblasts via ameliorating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 444:17-25. [PMID: 29196971 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effect of tomatidine on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced apoptosis in C2C12 myoblasts. TNF-α treatment increased cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with 10 μM tomatidine prevented TNF-α-induced apoptosis, caspase 3 cleavage, and PARP cleavage. Cells were treated with 100 ng/mL TNF-α for 24 h, and flow cytometry was utilized to assess apoptosis using annexin-V and 7-aminoactinomycin D. TNF-α up-regulated activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression. This effect was suppressed by pretreatment with tomatidine. Pretreatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid (a chemical chaperone) also inhibited TNF-α-induced cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP and up-regulation of ATF4 and CHOP expression. In addition, tomatidine-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation of c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) attenuated TNF-α-induced cleavage of PARP and caspase 3. However, tomatidine did not affect NF-κB activation in TNF-α-treated C2C12 myoblast cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that tomatidine attenuates TNF-α-induced apoptosis through down-regulation of CHOP expression and inhibition of JNK activation.
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11
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Soltani R, Fazeli H, Bahri Najafi R, Jelokhanian A. Evaluation of the Synergistic Effect of Tomatidine with Several Antibiotics against Standard and Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Iran J Pharm Res 2017; 16:290-6. [PMID: 28496482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an important problem in antibiotic treatment of infections, particularly in hospitals. Tomatidine is a plant secondary metabolite with antimicrobial and antifungal effects. This study examined the possible synergistic effect tomatidine with several antibiotics against standard and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. After determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics and tomatidine against the bacterial isolates using broth microdilution method, the synergistic effect between tomatidine and antibiotics was evaluated by checkerboard method and calculation of FIC indices. Tomatidine alone did not show any antimicrobial effect. However, it had synergistic effect with gentamicin and cefepime against standard and clinical isolates of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. It also had synergistic effect with ampicillin and ciprofloxacin only against standard strains of E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa, respectively. In conclusion, tomatidine could be considered as a potential antibiotic potentiator for gentamicin, cefepime and ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis infections, respectively. However, the toxicological and pharmacological properties of tomatidine for use as a therapeutic agent remain to be determined.
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12
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Chagnon F, Guay I, Bonin MA, Mitchell G, Bouarab K, Malouin F, Marsault É. Unraveling the structure-activity relationship of tomatidine, a steroid alkaloid with unique antibiotic properties against persistent forms of Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:605-20. [PMID: 24877760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is responsible for difficult-to-treat and relapsing infections and constitutes one of the most problematic pathogens due to its multiple resistances to clinically available antibiotics. Additionally, the ability of S. aureus to develop small-colony variants is associated with a reduced susceptibility to aminoglycoside antibiotics and in vivo persistence. We have recently demonstrated that tomatidine, a steroid alkaloid isolated from tomato plants, possesses anti-virulence activity against normal strains of S. aureus as well as the ability to potentiate the effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics. In addition, tomatidine has shown antibiotic activity against small-colony variants of S. aureus. We herein report the first study of the structure-activity relationship of tomatidine against S. aureus.
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Dyle MC, Ebert SM, Cook DP, Kunkel SD, Fox DK, Bongers KS, Bullard SA, Dierdorff JM, Adams CM. Systems-based discovery of tomatidine as a natural small molecule inhibitor of skeletal muscle atrophy. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14913-24. [PMID: 24719321 PMCID: PMC4031541 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.556241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common and debilitating condition that lacks an effective therapy. To address this problem, we used a systems-based discovery strategy to search for a small molecule whose mRNA expression signature negatively correlates to mRNA expression signatures of human skeletal muscle atrophy. This strategy identified a natural small molecule from tomato plants, tomatidine. Using cultured skeletal myotubes from both humans and mice, we found that tomatidine stimulated mTORC1 signaling and anabolism, leading to accumulation of protein and mitochondria, and ultimately, cell growth. Furthermore, in mice, tomatidine increased skeletal muscle mTORC1 signaling, reduced skeletal muscle atrophy, enhanced recovery from skeletal muscle atrophy, stimulated skeletal muscle hypertrophy, and increased strength and exercise capacity. Collectively, these results identify tomatidine as a novel small molecule inhibitor of muscle atrophy. Tomatidine may have utility as a therapeutic agent or lead compound for skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Dyle
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Scott M Ebert
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Daniel P Cook
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Steven D Kunkel
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Daniel K Fox
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Kale S Bongers
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Steven A Bullard
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| | - Jason M Dierdorff
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and
| | - Christopher M Adams
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
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