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Huang WC, Liou CJ, Shen SC, Hu S, Chao JCJ, Huang CH, Wu SJ. Punicalagin from pomegranate ameliorates TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells via regulation of SIRT1/STAT3 axis and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111665. [PMID: 38367463 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Punicalagin (PUN) was isolated from the peel of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), is a polyphenol with anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. However, it remains unclear whether PUN alleviates the inflammation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in pro-inflammatory cytokines-induced human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Here, we investigated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mixture-stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of PUN, followed by analyzed the expression of inflammation-related mediators and evaluate anti-inflammatory-related pathways. Our results demonstrated that PUN ≤ 100 μM did not reduce HaCaT cell viability, and PUN ≥ 3 μM was sufficient to decrease interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), CCL17 and CCL20 concentrations. We found that PUN ≥ 10 μM and ≥ 3 μM significantly increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, respectively. PUN downregulated inflammation-related proteins cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), enhanced nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Moreover, PUN decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and inhibited monocyte adhesion to inflamed HaCaT cells. PUN also suppressed inflammatory-related pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways in TNF-α/IFN-γ- stimulated HaCat cells. Collectively, there is significant evidence that PUN has effective protective defenses against TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced skin inflammation by enhancing SIRT1 to mediate STAT3 and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-Chow Rd, Sec 4, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jane C-J Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hsun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC.
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Yeh KW, Huang TH, Liou CJ. Protective effects of myricetin on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in ovalbumin-induced asthma mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109485. [PMID: 37844766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Myricetin, a flavonoid isolated from many edible vegetables and fruits, has multiple biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Myricetin could inhibit mast cell degranulation in vitro, and it reduced the eosinophil content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. However, it remains unclear whether myricetin alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in asthma. Here, we investigated whether myricetin attenuated AHR, airway inflammation, and eosinophil infiltration in lungs of asthmatic mice. Mice were sensitized with OVA, then injected intraperitoneally with myricetin to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of myricetin. Moreover, we examined its effects on human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells stimulated with TNF-α and IL-4, in vitro. Myricetin effectively mitigated eosinophil infiltration, AHR, and goblet cell hyperplasia in lung, and it reduced Th2 cytokine expression in BALF from asthmatic mice. Myricetin effectively promoted glutathione and superoxide dismutase productions and mitigated malondialdehyde expressions in mice by promoting Nrf2/HO-1 expression. Myricetin also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, eotaxins, and reactive oxygen species in BEAS-2B cells. Myricetin effectively suppressed ICAM-1 expression in inflammatory BEAS-2B cells, which suppressed monocyte cell adherence. These results suggested that myricetin could effectively improve asthma symptoms, mainly through blocking Th2-cell activation, which reduced oxidative stress, AHR, and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Hsu FW, Fang LW, Liou CJ. Mulberroside F improves airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in asthmatic mice. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1213-1221. [PMID: 37819590 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberroside F is isolated from the leaves and roots of Morus alba L. Here, we investigated whether mulberroside F could alleviate airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. We also examined whether mulberroside F attenuated inflammatory responses in human tracheal epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and administered different doses of mulberroside F via intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells were treated with various doses of mulberroside F, followed by detection of the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The results demonstrated that mulberroside F mitigated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and CCL11, in inflammatory BEAS-2B cells. Mulberroside F also suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ICAM-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, which effectively suppressed monocyte cell adherence. In an animal model of asthma, mulberroside F treatment attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell hyperplasia. Mulberroside F treatment also decreased lung fibrosis and airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized mice. Moreover, mulberroside F significantly reduced expressions of Th2-associated cytokines (including interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to OVA-sensitized mice. Our results confirmed that mulberroside F is a novel bioactive compound that can effectively reduce airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in asthmatic mice via inhibition of Th2-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Fang
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Wang LP, Jiang LM, Wang SJ, Wu SJ, Huang ZQ, Shan PR, Huang WJ, Su L. [Animal study on left bundle branch current of injury and anatomic location of leads in His-purkinje conduction system pacing]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:1175-1180. [PMID: 37963753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20231007-00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Explore the relationship between tip of the left bundle branch pacing lead and anatomic location of left bundle branch as well as the mechanism of left bundle branch current of injury. To clarify the clinical value of left bundle branch current of injury during operation. Methods: The pacing leads were implanted in the hearts of two living swines. Intraoperative electrophysiological study confirmed that the left bundle branch or only the deep left ventricular septum was captured at low output. Immediately after operation, the gross specimen of swine hearts was stained with iodine to observe the gross distribution of His-purkinje conduction system on the left ventricular endocardium and its relationship with the leads. Subsequently, the swine hearts were fixed with formalin solution, and the pacing leads were removed after the positions were marked. The swine hearts were then sectioned and stained with Masson and Goldner trichrome, and the relationship between the anatomic location of the conduction system and the tip of the lead was observed under a light microscope. Results: After iodine staining of the specimen, the His-purkinje conduction system was observed with the naked eye in a net-like distribution, and the lead tip was screwed deeply and fixed in the left bundle branch area of the left ventricular subendocardium in the ventricular septum. Masson and Goldner trichrome staining showed that left bundle branch pacing lead directly passed through the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential with left bundle branch current of injury, while it was not directly contact the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential without left bundle branch current of injury. Conclusion: The left bundle branch current of injury observed on intracardiac electrocardiogram during His-purkinje conduction system pacing suggests that the pacing lead directly contacted the conduction bundle or its branches, therefore, the captured threshold was relatively low. Left bundle branch current of injury can be used as an important anatomic and electrophysiological evidence of left bundle branch capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - L M Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312399, China
| | - S J Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - S J Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Z Q Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - P R Shan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - W J Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - L Su
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Huang WC, Liou CJ, Shen SC, Hu S, Chao JCJ, Huang CH, Wu SJ. Oleuropein attenuates inflammation and regulates immune responses in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis mouse model. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2022. [PMID: 35964244 DOI: 10.12932/ap-200122-1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olive (Olea europaea Linn) leaves contain a phenolic compound oleuropein (Ole) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. However, whether Ole might be an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the functional role of oleuropein in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD-like mouse model, with a focus on allergic inflammation. METHODS We evaluated cytokine gene expression, COX-2 inflammatory protein production, and Th2 related cytokine regulation of mast cells and eosinophils that infiltrated AD-like skin lesions. RESULTS A topical application of Ole significantly reduced Th2-related cytokine gene expression (IL-4 and IL-5) and inflammatory COX-2 protein production in AD-like skin lesions. Additionally, Ole suppressed serum IgE levels. Furthermore, Ole effectively reduced ear swelling and epidermal and dermal thickening. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that, mechanistically, Ole treatment improved allergic inflammation by blocking the Th2-driven inflammatory axis. In conclusion, our findings indicated that Ole showed promise in treating AD by regulating serum IgE and Th2 cytokine levels. Although the effects of Ole on AD in humans require clinical trials, our results provided insights into how AD treatments might be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jane C-J Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Yeh KW, Liou CJ. Gypenoside A from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Th2 Cell Activities in a Murine Asthma Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147699. [PMID: 35887041 PMCID: PMC9315554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that oral administration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reduce eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Gypenoside A is isolated from G. pentaphyllum. In this study, we investigated whether gypenoside A can effectively reduce asthma in mice. Asthma was induced in BALB/c mice by ovalbumin injection. Asthmatic mice were treated with gypenoside A via intraperitoneal injection to assess airway inflammation, AHR, and immunomodulatory effects. In vitro, gypenoside A reduced inflammatory and oxidative responses in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. Experimental results showed that gypenoside A treatment can suppress eosinophil infiltration in the lungs, reduce tracheal goblet cell hyperplasia, and attenuate AHR. Gypenoside A significantly reduced Th2 cytokine expression and also inhibited the expression of inflammatory genes and proteins in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, gypenoside A also significantly inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and reduced oxidative expression in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. The experimental results suggested that gypenoside A is a natural compound that can effectively reduce airway inflammation and AHR in asthma, mainly by reducing Th2 cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan;
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei 23656, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan;
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-2118999 (ext. 5607)
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Yee TS, Choong CV, Wee LE, Goh KCM, Wu SJ, Win KMK, Ong CWM, Ng DHL. Accelerating TB diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:636-640. [PMID: 35768926 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption worldwide to economies and healthcare systems, even those with well-developed infrastructure.OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of COVID-19 on TB diagnosis in Singapore, and to identify any factors that could facilitate early detection of TB among persons screened.DESIGN: To assess the impact of testing and diagnosis of the pandemic on TB, the number of TB-related tests from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected. We also conducted a retrospective case-control study of all adult patients admitted for COVID-19, TB or coinfection from 23 January to 31 May 2020.RESULTS: Nationwide testing for TB from 2018 to 2020 increased by 24.2%. We analysed 253 adult inpatients, of whom 107 (42.3%) were diagnosed with COVID-19, 134 (53.0%) had TB, while 12 (4.7%) had co-infection. Patients with TB were more likely to have chest X-ray abnormalities than those with COVID-19 (89.9% vs. 76.0%; P < 0.01). Patients with TB were more likely to have prolonged cough vs. those with COVID-19 infection (28 vs. 5 days; P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Early screening for TB, even among patients with COVID-19, could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, thereby breaking the chain of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Yee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - C V Choong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - L E Wee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - K C M Goh
- Department of Microbiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - S J Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - K M K Win
- National Tuberculosis Programme (STEP), National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | - C W M Ong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National University Hospital, Singapore, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - D H L Ng
- National Tuberculosis Programme (STEP), National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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Hsieh HL, Liu SH, Chen YL, Huang CY, Wu SJ. Astragaloside IV suppresses inflammatory response via suppression of NF-κB, and MAPK signalling in human bronchial epithelial cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:757-766. [PMID: 32057253 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1727525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Astragaloside IV isolated from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.), which was reported to have anti-tumor, anti-asthma, and suppressed cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation in mice. OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether astragaloside IV reduced the expression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in BEAS-2B cells. METHODS BEAS-2B cells treated with astragaloside IV, and then stimulated with TNF-α or TNF-α/IL-4. The levels of cytokine and chemokine were analysed with ELISA and real-time PCR. RESULTS Astragaloside IV significantly inhibited the levels of CCL5, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8. Astragaloside IV also reduced ICAM-1 expression for blocked THP-1 monocyte adhesion to BEAS-2B cells. Furthermore, astragaloside IV attenuated the phosphorylation of MAPK, and reduced the translocation of p65 into the nucleus. Astragaloside IV could increase the expression of HO-1 and Nrf2 for promoting the oxidant protective effect. CONCLUSION Aastragaloside IV has an anti-inflammatory and oxidative effect via regulated NF-κB, MAPK and HO-1/Nrf2 signalling pathways in human bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hai Liu
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Huang
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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9
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Wu SJ, Huang WC, Cheng CY, Wang MC, Cheng SC, Liou CJ. Fisetin Suppresses the Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091841. [PMID: 35565807 PMCID: PMC9103812 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fisetin is isolated from many fruits and vegetables and has been confirmed to improve airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice. However, whether fisetin reduces inflammatory response and oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells is unclear. Here, BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells were treated with various concentrations of fisetin and then stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or TNF-α/interleukin-4. In addition, ovalbumin-sensitized mice were treated with fisetin to detect inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress expression. Fisetin significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. Fisetin also attenuated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in TNF-α-stimulated BEAS-2B cells, suppressing THP-1 monocyte adhesion. Furthermore, fisetin significantly suppressed airway hyperresponsiveness in the lungs and decreased eosinophil numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic mice. Fisetin decreased cyclooxygenase-2 expression, promoted glutathione levels, and decreased malondialdehyde levels in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Our findings indicate that fisetin is a potential immunomodulator that can improve the pathological features of asthma by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei 23656, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Pulmonary Infection and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Chen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (C.-J.L.); Tel.: +886-3-2118293 (S.-C.C.); +886-3-2118999 (ext. 5607) (C.-J.L.)
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (C.-J.L.); Tel.: +886-3-2118293 (S.-C.C.); +886-3-2118999 (ext. 5607) (C.-J.L.)
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Wu SJ, Liu XH, Wu W, Qian M, Li L, Zhang L, Yang HH, Guan M, Cao J, Wang YN, Ruan GR, Niu N, Liu YX. [Tocilizumab therapy for immune checkpoint inhibitor associated myocarditis: a case report]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:397-400. [PMID: 35399037 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20210511-00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S J Wu
- Department of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X H Liu
- Department of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Qian
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H H Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Guan
- Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Cao
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y N Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - G R Ruan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - N Niu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y X Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Migliori GB, Wu SJ, Matteelli A, Zenner D, Goletti D, Ahmedov S, Al-Abri S, Allen DM, Balcells ME, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Cambau E, Chaisson RE, Chee CBE, Dalcolmo MP, Denholm JT, Erkens C, Esposito S, Farnia P, Friedland JS, Graham S, Hamada Y, Harries AD, Kay AW, Kritski A, Manga S, Marais BJ, Menzies D, Ng D, Petrone L, Rendon A, Silva DR, Schaaf HS, Skrahina A, Sotgiu G, Thwaites G, Tiberi S, Tukvadze N, Zellweger JP, D Ambrosio L, Centis R, Ong CWM. Clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB infection. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:190-205. [PMID: 35197159 PMCID: PMC8886963 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy (TPT) decreases the risk of developing TB disease and its associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of these clinical standards is to guide the assessment, management of TB infection (TBI) and implementation of TPT.METHODS: A panel of global experts in the field of TB care was identified; 41 participated in a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale was used to score the initial standards. After rounds of revision, the document was approved with 100% agreement.RESULTS: Eight clinical standards were defined: Standard 1, all individuals belonging to at-risk groups for TB should undergo testing for TBI; Standard 2, all individual candidates for TPT (including caregivers of children) should undergo a counselling/health education session; Standard 3, testing for TBI: timing and test of choice should be optimised; Standard 4, TB disease should be excluded prior to initiation of TPT; Standard 5, all candidates for TPT should undergo a set of baseline examinations; Standard 6, all individuals initiating TPT should receive one of the recommended regimens; Standard 7, all individuals who have started TPT should be monitored; Standard 8, a TBI screening and testing register should be kept to inform the cascade of care.CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of Clinical Standards for TBI. This document guides clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing adequate measures to assess and manage TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Migliori
- Respiratory Diseases Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy
| | - S J Wu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore City
| | - A Matteelli
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy, WHO Collaborating Centre for TB/HIV Collaborative Activities and for TB Elimination Strategy, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Zenner
- Centre for Global Public Health, Institute for Population Health Sciences, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - D Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Ahmedov
- USAID, Bureau for Global Health, TB Division, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S Al-Abri
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - D M Allen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore City, Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore City
| | - M E Balcells
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A L Garcia-Basteiro
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique, ISGlobal, Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Cambau
- IAME UMR1137, INSERM, University of Paris, F-75018 Paris; AP-HP-Bichat Hospital, Associate laboratory of National Reference Center for Mycobacteria and Antimycobacterial Resistance, Paris, France
| | - R E Chaisson
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C B E Chee
- Tuberculosis Control Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M P Dalcolmo
- Helio Fraga Reference Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J T Denholm
- Victorian Tuberculosis Program, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Erkens
- KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - S Esposito
- Paediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children´s Hospital, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - P Farnia
- Mycobacteriology Research Center (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J S Friedland
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George´s, University of London, London, UK
| | - S Graham
- Department of Paediatrics, Center for International Child Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, Murdoch Children´s Research Institute, Royal Children´s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Hamada
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A D Harries
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - A W Kay
- The Global Tuberculosis Program, Texas Children´s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Kritski
- Academic Tuberculosis Program Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - S Manga
- Operational Center, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), Paris, France
| | - B J Marais
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children´s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia, The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D Menzies
- Montréal Chest Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada, Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada, McGill International Tuberculosis Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - D Ng
- Infectious Diseases, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore
| | - L Petrone
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Rendon
- Centro de Investigación, Prevención y Tratamiento de Infecciones Respiratorias CIPTIR, University Hospital of Monterrey UANL (Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon), Monterrey, Mexico
| | - D R Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - H S Schaaf
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Skrahina
- Republican Research and Practical Center for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk, Belarus
| | - G Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Thwaites
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Tiberi
- Department of Infection, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - N Tukvadze
- National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - J-P Zellweger
- TB Competence Center, Swiss Lung Association, Berne, Switzerland
| | - L D Ambrosio
- Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - R Centis
- Respiratory Diseases Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy
| | - C W M Ong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore City, Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore City, National University of Singapore Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech), Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Hsu ML, Huang WC, Zhou YR, Hu S, Huang CH, Wu SJ. Oleuropein Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from IL-1β-Induced Inflammation by Blocking MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2021; 45:297-307. [PMID: 34613549 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1β cause retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) inflammation, which is related to visual deterioration, including age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Oleuropein is a polyphenol compound that shows potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activities, but its effects on IL-1β-induced inflammation have not been examined in the adult RPE cell line ARPE-19. Here, we assessed the ability of oleuropein to attenuate this inflammation in ARPE-19 cells. IL-1β induced secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP)-1, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1. As measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, oleuropein significantly inhibited levels of all three proteins and led to decreased monocyte adhesiveness to ARPE-19 cells. To clarify the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms, we used western blots to evaluate the effect of oleuropein on inactivation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. The results showed that oleuropein significantly decreased levels of the inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2 and increased anti-inflammatory protein HO-1 expression. We next examined if the anti-inflammatory activity of oleuropein arises via inactivated NF-κB. We found that suppressing phosphorylation of the JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways inhibited IL-6, MCP-1, and sICAM-1 secretion, implicating these pathways and NF-κB suppression in the effects of oleuropein. These results indicate that oleuropein shows potential for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lung Hsu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Rong Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsun Huang
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Guishan Dist, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan.
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303, Taiwan.
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13
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Li ML, Wu SJ. [The risk assessment of recurrent venous thromboembolism]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:749-754. [PMID: 34645142 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20201023-01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Wu SJ, Huang WC, Yu MC, Chen YL, Shen SC, Yeh KW, Liou CJ. Tomatidine ameliorates obesity-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108602. [PMID: 33548473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tomatidine is isolated from the leaves and green fruits of some plants in the Solanaceae family, and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects. Previous studies have found that tomatidine decreases hepatic lipid accumulation via regulation of vitamin D receptor and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. However, whether tomatidine reduces weight gain and improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated how tomatidine ameliorates NAFLD in obese mice and evaluated the regulatory mechanism of lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity and NAFLD, and treated with tomatidine via intraperitoneal injection. In vitro, FL83B hepatocytes were incubated with oleic acid and treated with tomatidine to evaluate lipid metabolism. Our results demonstrate that tomatidine significantly decreases body weight and fat weight compared to HFD-fed mice. In addition, tomatidine decreased hepatic lipid accumulation and improved hepatocyte steatosis in HFD-induced obese mice. We also found that tomatidine significantly regulated serum total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels, but the serum high-density lipoprotein and adiponectin concentrations were higher than in the HFD-fed obese mice. In vivo and in vitro, tomatidine significantly suppressed the expression of fatty acid synthase and transcription factors involved in lipogenesis, and increased the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase. Tomatidine promoted the sirtuin 1 (sirt1)/AMPK signaling pathway to increase lipolysis and β-oxidation in fatty liver cells. These findings suggest that tomatidine potentially ameliorates obesity and acts against hepatic steatosis by regulating lipogenesis and the sirt1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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15
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Liou CJ, Wu SJ, Shen SC, Chen LC, Chen YL, Huang WC. Phloretin ameliorates hepatic steatosis through regulation of lipogenesis and Sirt1/AMPK signaling in obese mice. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:114. [PMID: 33014333 PMCID: PMC7526428 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phloretin is isolated from apple trees and could increase lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Previous studies have found that phloretin could prevent obesity in mice. In this study, we investigated whether phloretin ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, and evaluated the regulation of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. Methods HepG2 cells were treated with 0.5 mM oleic acid to induce lipid accumulation, and then treated with phloretin to evaluate the molecular mechanism of lipogenesis. In another experiment, male C57BL/6 mice were fed normal diet or HFD (60% fat, w/w) for 16 weeks. After the fourth week, mice were treated with or without phloretin by intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks. Results Phloretin significantly reduced excessive lipid accumulation and decreased sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, blocking the expression of fatty acid synthase in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells. Phloretin increased Sirt1, and phosphorylation of AMP activated protein kinase to suppress acetyl-CoA carboxylase expression, reducing fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes. Phloretin also reduced body weight and fat weight compared to untreated HFD-fed mice. Phloretin also reduced liver weight and liver lipid accumulation and improved hepatocyte steatosis in obese mice. In liver tissue from obese mice, phloretin suppressed transcription factors of lipogenesis and fatty acid synthase, and increased lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation. Furthermore, phloretin regulated serum leptin, adiponectin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and free fatty acid levels in obese mice. Conclusions These findings suggest that phloretin improves hepatic steatosis by regulating lipogenesis and the Sirt-1/AMPK pathway in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan.,Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303 Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-Chow Rd, Sec 4, Taipei City, 11676 Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei City, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33303 Taiwan
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Yao N, Ren K, Gu XJ, Wu SJ, Shi X, Chang Q, Li YG, Gao ZX, Jin QM, Zhang J, Wang C, Zhou J. Identification of potential crucial genes associated with vasculogenic mimicry in human osteosarcoma based on gene expression profile. Neoplasma 2019; 67:286-295. [PMID: 31884799 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2019_190414n329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in human osteosarcoma. However, the mechanistic basis of osteosarcoma VM remains unclear. Three hundred eighty-one upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 526 downregulated DEGs between human osteosarcoma cell line 143B and HOS cell exposed to Matrigel were screened out by microarray. GO categories such as "cell adhesion", "angiogenesis" were enriched in 143B group. PATHWAY analysis showed enriched TGF-beta, Wnt and VEGF signaling pathway in 143B group. The hub gene ITGA2 in signal-network of DEGs exhibited pro-VM and pro-metastasis effect. Our study provides fundamental data for further studies regarding molecules involved in osteosarcoma VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - K Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - X J Gu
- Institute of Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, China
| | - S J Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y G Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z X Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q M Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - J Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Huang WJ, Wu SJ, Su L, Chen XY, Cai BN, Zhou JG, Lan RF, Fu GS, Xu L, Xiao FY, Wang SJ, Mao GY, Vijayaraman P, Ellenbogen K. P4528Feasibility and safety of left bundle branch area pacing by transvenous approach through the interventricular septum in patients with left bundle branch block. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
His bundle pacing (HBP) has been shown to correct left bundle branch block (LBBB), however it often requires high pacing output and the success rate is variable.
Objective
To assess the feasibility and safety of left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) in patients with LBBB.
Methods
From Apr 2014 to Aug 2018, patients with LBBB from multicenters indicated for CRT or pacing therapy were included. LBBAP was performed by advancing the MDT 3830 lead deep into the septum about 1 cm distal to the His bundle region (Figure 1F). Pacing characteristics, success rate, threshold and R-wave amplitude were assessed.
Results
A total of 94 patients aged 68.3±10.7 y with the native QRS duration of 167.2±17.2 ms were included. In 92 patients, LBBAP was successfully achieved and demonstrated RBBB pattern during unipolar tip pacing (UTP), with the paced QRS duration of 116.4±12.6ms (Figure 1C). Fusion of LBBAP and native conduction via the RBB eliminated RBBB and resulted in an average QRS duration of 103.2±10.1 ms (Figure 1D). LBB potential could be recorded from the LBB lead during correction of LBBB by HBP in 21 patients who used two leads method (His lead and LBB lead, Figure 1B). Output dependent selective and non-selective LBBAP were demonstrated in 48 patients (Figure 1C, D). The LBB capture threshold by UTP was 0.53±0.18V/0.5ms at acute and 0.62±0.17V/0.5ms at 6 months and 0.65±0.2V/0.5ms at 1 year. The R-wave amplitude were 11.4±5.2mV, 12.4±5.8mV and 12.0±5.8mV at acute, 6 month and 1 year. During follow-up, only one patient had an increase in LBB capture threshold to 2.5V/0.5ms at 3 months and there were no other complications such as dislodgment, infections, embolism or stroke associated with the implantation.
Conclusion
Permanent LBBAP is feasible and safe in patients with LBBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - S J Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - L Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - X Y Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - B N Cai
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - J G Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - R F Lan
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - G S Fu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - F Y Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - S J Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - G Y Mao
- School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - P Vijayaraman
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States of America
| | - K Ellenbogen
- Geisinger Heart Institute, Wilkes Barre, United States of America
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18
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Su L, Huang WJ, Wu SJ. P6548Left bundle branch area pacing in patients with atrioventricular block. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The application of His bundle pacing (HBP) on patients with distal AV block should be of concern.Left bundle branch Aera pacing (LBBA pacing), pacing immediately beyond the site of block will be considered.
Purpose
To access the clinical benefits and safety of LBBA pacing in patients with atrioventricular (AV) block.
Methods
One hundred and thiry nine patients diagnosed with AVB were included. The Select Secure lead (model 3830; Medtronic) was used. Characteristics of LBB capture are summarized as following: 1) The paced QRS morphology of RBBB pattern during unipolar tip pacing; 2) Usually, LBB potential could be recorded; 3) If higher output pacing shortened the times abruptly and the times remain constant. Pacing parameters (threshold, R-wave amplitude and impedance) and Echocardiographic measurements were assessed during follow-up.
Results
All patients were success achieved LBBA pacing. The detailed baseline characteristic and follow-up were shown in the Table. Threshold, R-wave amplitude and impedance remained stable during follow -up. Echocardiographic measurements showed that LBB pacing did not affect the cardiac function. There was no LV septum penetration and dislodgment.
Conclusion
LBBA pacing had ideal pacing parameters and preserve cardiac function and may be an excellent alternative to HBP or RVP.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Key R&D Program of Zhejiang (2019C03012), Major Project of the Science and Technology of Wenzhou (ZS2017010)
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Affiliation(s)
- L Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - W J Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - S J Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Huang WC, Huang CH, Hu S, Peng HL, Wu SJ. Topical Spilanthol Inhibits MAPK Signaling and Ameliorates Allergic Inflammation in DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102490. [PMID: 31137528 PMCID: PMC6566832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a recurrent allergic skin disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Patients with AD may experience immune imbalance, increased levels of mast cells, immunoglobulin (Ig) E and pro-inflammatory factors (Cyclooxygenase, COX-2 and inducible NO synthase, iNOS). While spilanthol (SP) has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, its effect on AD remains to be explored. To develop a new means of SP, inflammation-related symptoms of AD were alleviated, and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was used to induce AD-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice. Histopathological analysis was used to examine mast cells and eosinophils infiltration in AD-like skin lesions. The levels of IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Western blot was used for analysis of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and COX-2 and iNOS protein expression. Topical SP treatment reduced serum IgE and IgG2a levels and suppressed COX-2 and iNOS expression via blocked mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in DNCB-induced AD-like lesions. Histopathological examination revealed that SP reduced epidermal thickness and collagen accumulation and inhibited mast cells and eosinophils infiltration into the AD-like lesions skin. These results indicate that SP may protect against AD skin lesions through inhibited MAPK signaling pathways and may diminish the infiltration of inflammatory cells to block allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hsun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ling Peng
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
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Huang WC, Peng HL, Hu S, Wu SJ. Spilanthol from Traditionally Used Spilanthes acmella Enhances AMPK and Ameliorates Obesity in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050991. [PMID: 31052312 PMCID: PMC6566575 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spilanthol (SP) is a bioactive compound found in Spilanthes acmella, giving the flowers and leaves a spicy taste. Studies found that phyto-ingredients stored in spice plants act against obesity-related diseases. SP has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties, but the effects on obesity are not yet known. We investigated the effects of SP in differentiated adipocytes (3T3-L1 cells) and mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). SP significantly inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation and significantly reduced the expression of lipogenesis-related proteins, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty-acid synthase (FAS). In contrast, SP increased the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in adipocytes. However, SP suppressed the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phospho-p38 (pp38), and phospho-JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) (pJNK) in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated murine pre-adipocytes. SP administered to HFD-induced obese mice via intraperitoneal injections twice a week for 10 weeks decreased body weight gain, visceral adipose tissue weight, and adipocyte size. SP inhibited lipogenic proteins FAS and ACC, and suppressed adipogenic transcription factors, enhancing lipolysis and AMPK protein expression in the liver. SP has anti-obesity effects, upregulating AMPK to attenuate lipogenic and adipogenic transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ling Peng
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
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21
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Wang T, Tan YJ, Wu SJ, Huang M, Yin BT, Huang J, Wei N, Wei W, Wang F. [The ratio of tuberculosis-specific antigen to phytohemagglutinin in T-SPOT assay in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019; 42:262-267. [PMID: 30955283 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the ratio of tuberculosis-specific antigen (TBAg) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (TBAg/PHA ratio) in T-SPOT assay in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB). Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2017, 378 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture positive patients (268 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, 110 extra-pulmonary tuberculosis) and 824 healthy individuals were recruited from Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. T-SPOT assay was performed and TBAg/PHA ratio was calculated in all the participants. To validate the study, another group of 223 MTB culture positive TB patients with positive T-SPOT results were recruited from Guangzhou Chest Hospital between January 2017 and December 2017. This was a retrospective case-control study and differences between groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: Of the 378 culture positive ATB patients, 344 patients had positive T-SPOT results. Of the 824 healthy individuals, 204 individuals had positive T-SPOT results. Using healthy individuals as the control group, the sensitivity and specificity of T-SPOT assay in the diagnosis of ATB were 91.0% (344/378) and 75.2% (620/824). Directly using T-SPOT results had a limited accuracy in distinguishing ATB from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was between 0.7 and 0.8. However, a further calculation of the TBAg/PHA ratio showed a better performance than TBAg in distinguishing these two conditions, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.853-0.909). If using the threshold value of 0.234, the sensitivity and specificity of the TBAg/PHA ratio in distinguishing ATB from LTBI were 69.5% (239/344) and 94.12% (192/204). The validation data showed that the performance of the TBAg/PHA ratio in distinguishing ATB from LTBI was also satisfactory, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.901 (95% CI: 0.872-0.931). Furthermore, the TBAg/PHA ratio had an important role in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. If using the threshold value of 0.234, the sensitivity and specificity of the TBAg/PHA ratio in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were 79.2% (76/96) and 94.1% (192/204). The area under the ROC curve was 0.932 (95% CI: 0.897-0.967). Conclusions: The TBAg/PHA ratio in T-SPOT assay was better than directly using T-SPOT results in distinguishing ATB from LTBI. This ratio also showed a potential use in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y J Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - S J Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - M Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - B T Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - J Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - N Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - W Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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22
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Huang WC, Wu LY, Hu S, Wu SJ. Spilanthol Inhibits COX-2 and ICAM-1 Expression via Suppression of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling in Interleukin-1β-Stimulated Human Lung Epithelial Cells. Inflammation 2019; 41:1934-1944. [PMID: 29959625 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spilanthol a phytochemical derived from the Spilanthes acmella plant has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated its effects on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and inflammation-related mediators in IL-1β-stimulated human lung epithelial A549 cells. Human lung epithelial A549 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of spilanthol (3-100 μM) followed by treatment with IL-1β to induce inflammation. The protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured using ELISA. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), heme oxygenase (HO-1), nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were measured by immunoblotting. The mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1 and MUC5AC were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spilanthol decreased the expression of PGE2, COX-2, TNF-α, and MCP-1. It also decreased ICAM-1 expression and suppressed monocyte adhesion to IL-1β-stimulated A549 cells. Spilanthol also significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK and I-κB. These results suggest that spilanthol exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, COX-2, and ICAM-1 by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.,Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan. .,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan. .,Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan.
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23
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Huang WC, Chen YL, Liu HC, Wu SJ, Liou CJ. Ginkgolide C reduced oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:1178-1184. [PMID: 30532639 PMCID: PMC6260475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolide C, isolated from Ginkgo biloba, is a diterpene lactone that has multiple biological functions and can improve Alzheimer disease and platelet aggregation. Ginkgolide C also inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The present study evaluated whether ginkgolide C reduced lipid accumulation and regulated the molecular mechanism of lipogenesis in oleic acid-induced HepG2 hepatocytes. HepG2 cells were treated with 0.5 mM oleic acid for 48 h to induce a fatty liver cell model. Then, the cells were exposed to various concentrations of ginkgolide C for 24 h. Staining with Oil Red O and the fluorescent dye BODIPY 493/503 revealed that ginkgolide C significantly reduced excessive lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Ginkgolide C decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c to block the expression of fatty acid synthase. Ginkgolide C treatment also promoted the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and the phosphorylation level of hormone-sensitive lipase to enhance the decomposition of triglycerides. In addition, ginkgolide C stimulated CPT-1 to activate fatty acid β-oxidation, significantly increased sirt1 and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and decreased expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase for suppressed fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that ginkgolide C reduced lipid accumulation and increased lipolysis through the sirt1/AMPK pathway in oleic acid-induced fatty liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chia Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
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Wu SJ, Chen S, Chen B, Wang L, Zeng X. [Efficacy of standardized sublingual immunotherapy of allergic asthma with rhinitis in children between different age groups]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:761-764. [PMID: 29771038 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of standardized sublingual immunotherapy of allergic asthma with rhinitis in children between two different age groups. Method:Retrospective analysis of 250 patients with allergic asthma and rhinitis who received SLIT treatment. According to the age divided into younger children group (aged 3-6 years, 128 patients) and older children group (aged 7-13 years, 122 patients). Evaluate the asthma daytime, nocturnal symptom, medication score, VAS score and pulmonary function FEV1, PEF% level and rhinitis symptom and medication score before and after treatment of two groups of children. Result:The DASS, NASS, TAMS, VAS, FEV1, PEF, TNSS, TRMS had continuously improved significantly after SLIT for half a year, 1 year and 2 years in two groups as compared with baseline (P<0.05). The treatment after 1 year and 2 years, curative effect strengthened continuously, and TAMS, VAS, TNSS and TRMS further reduced. After treatment of each point in time, only at SLIT treatment after half a year, the TAMS, VAS score of younger children group was lower than of older children group (Z values were 4.58 and 4.58, P<0.05). The rest of the indicators were no statistical significance difference between the two age groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:Sub-lingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae drops in younger children and older children allergic with asthma and rhinitis can play a significant and similar effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Wu
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou,570311, China
| | - S Chen
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou,570311, China
| | - B Chen
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou,570311, China
| | - L Wang
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou,570311, China
| | - X Zeng
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou,570311, China
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Wang TH, Fang JY, Wu SJ, Liu YW, Chan CW, Chuang SY, Chen CY. 2-O-Methylmagnolol Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits IL-6/STAT3 Signaling in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:883-892. [DOI: 10.1159/000494474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1), a derivative of magnolol bearing one methoxy moiety, has been shown to display improved anti-tumor activity against skin cancers. In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of magnolol and MM1 on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Trypane blue staining and clonogenic assays were performed to determine the cytotoxic effects of magnolol and MM1 in OSCC cells. Migration and matrigel invasion assays were carried out to examine the metastasis effects of magnolol and MM1 in OSCC cells. IL6-stimulation, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the IL-6/STAT3 signaling and apoptosis. A bioluminescent mouse model of orthotopically implanted SAS cells was used to determine the anti-tumor activity of MM1 in vivo. Results: MM1 displays greater activity than magnolol on affecting the cytotoxicity, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells cultured in vitro. The improved anti-tumor activity of MM1 was shown to associate with its greater activity to inhibit STAT3 signaling and to induce apoptosis in the OSCC. In addition, we presented evidence that MM1 is effective in inhibiting the growth of orthotopic implanted OSCC cells in vivo. Conclusion: Our data indicate that MM1 displays greater anti-tumor activity than magnolol in OSCC and is an attractive agent to be further explored for its potential clinical application.
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Wu SJ, Chen S, Chen B, Wang L, Zeng X. [An analysis of the subcutaneous immunotherapy on the pulmonary function and symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in children]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1352-1355. [PMID: 29798230 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.17.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To evaluate the effect of subcutaneous immunotherapy on allergic asthma and rhinitis in children.Method:A prospective study was adopted to analysis 3 years SCIT treatment of 144 cases of children with allergic asthma and rhinitis. Before and after SCIT treatment for 1 year, 2 and 3 years, FEV1, daytime and night symptoms of asthma and rhinitis were evaluated.Result:After 3 years of SCIT treatment, the FEV1 had significantly increased (F= 243.05, P< 0.01), and with the duration of the treatment was further improvement (P< 0.01). Compared with the baseline, treatment 1 year in daytime, nighttime symptoms scores of asthma and nighttime symptoms scores of rhinitis had significantly reduced (P< 0.01). All symptoms were reduced further by 2 years of treatment (P< 0.01) compared with 1 year. Compared with the 2 years of treatment, daytime symptoms of asthma and rhinitis of 3 years SCIT treatment was improved significantly (P< 0.05).Conclusion:Subcutaneous immunotherapy with 3 years in children allergic with asthma and rhinitis can play a significant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Wu
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - S Chen
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - B Chen
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - L Wang
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - X Zeng
- Asthmatic Children Prevention and Specific Immunotherapy Center, Peoples' Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
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Lu HB, Jia YS, Guo XL, Yu H, Wu SJ. [Experimental study of using chitosan nerve conduit combined with PRP to repair facial nerve defect]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1496-1500;1503. [PMID: 29798102 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.19.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The purpose of this study was to produce chitosan nerve conduit in order to investigate the feasibility of chitosan nerve conduit combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for repairing facial nerve defects.Method:Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 in each group).Establishment of the facial nerve defect model of the upper buccal branches was placed in the nerve regeneration catheter and injected with the same amount of PRP and saline. The PRP was injected into the chitosan nerve conduit as group A. The physiological saline was injected into the chitosan nerve conduit as group B. The physiological saline was injected into the silicone tube as group C. The PRP was injected into the silicone tube as group D. Eight weeks later,facial nerve gross observation,facial nerve electrophysiological tests,histological observation,image analysis,valuation of nerve regeneration recovery were detected.Result:Five patients were lost to follow up (all five in the modified Semont group),and three patients failed to complete treatment (all three in the Epley group). The sequelae at the 3rd day and one week after modified Semont maneuver were 27 and 9,while 41 and 15 in Epley group. The efficacy rates at the 3rd day and one week after modified Semont maneuver were 91.7% and 98.3%,and 91.9% and 96.8% in Epley group retrospectively. The sequelae and short-term effective rate of patients in modified Semont group was no difference when compared with that in Epley group (P>0.05).Conclusion:The chitosan nerve conduit combined with PRP has a certain effect on the repair of facial nerve defects and is expected to be applied to the repair of clinical facial nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University,Dalian,116001,China
| | - Y S Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University,Dalian,116001,China
| | - X L Guo
- Department of Endodontics,Dalian Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University
| | - H Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University,Dalian,116001,China
| | - S J Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University,Dalian,116001,China
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Chen XL, Li P, Wu SJ, Liu ZR, Lin JF, Guan XQ. [Electrocardiographic characteristics of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from the tricuspid annulus regions]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2018; 46:611-616. [PMID: 30139011 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Object: To explore the electrocardiographic characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from tricuspid annulus region. Methods: Present study included 169 consecutive patients undergoing catheter ablation of VAs from tricuspid annulus origin in our department from August 2007 to September 2016. Based on the origin sites, the patients were divided into two subgroups, the free wall group (81 cases) and septal wall group (88 cases). Based on the location, patients in the free wall group were classified into anterolateral (22 cases), lateral (26 cases) and posterolateral (33 cases) subgroups. Patients in the septal group were classified into anteroseptal (10 cases), midseptal (71 cases) and posteroseptal (7 cases) subgroups. We analyzed the electrocardiographic features of these patients and in 87 patients with PVCs/VT originating from right ventricular outflow tract. Results: (1) A positive R wave inⅠ, aVL, V(5)-V(6) leads were found among most of patients, only few cases originating from tricuspid annulus anteroseptum group and tricuspid annulus anterolateral group demonstrated qr or qs pattern in aVL lead. 97.53% (79/81) patients demonstrated rS pattern in V(1)-V(3) leads with VAs originating from tricuspid annulus free wall, and 9/10 patients demonstrated rS pattern in V(1) lead with VAs originating from anteroseptum, and 97.44% (76/78) patients demonstrated QS pattern in V(1) lead with VAs originating from midseptum and posteroseptum. Precordial lead transition zone was on or behind V(3) for tricuspid annulus free wall group (96.3%, 78/81), but in front of V(3) for tricuspid annulus septum wall group (47.73%, 42/88) (P<0.01). The S wave's amplitude smaller than-1.81 mV in lead V(2) can be used as a cutoff value to identify if PVC/VT is originating from free wall or septum of TA. R wave in inferior wall leads was found among 98.85% (86/87) patients with PVCs/VT originating from right ventricular outflow tract. Conclusion: A positive R wave in Ⅰ, aVL, V(5)-V(6) leads was found among most of patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from the tricuspid annulus regions, but VAs originating from different portions of tricuspid annulus area have distinct electrocardiographic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Huang CH, Chang LC, Hu S, Hsiao CY, Wu SJ. Spilanthol inhibits TNF‑α‑induced ICAM‑1 expression and pro‑inflammatory responses by inducing heme oxygenase‑1 expression and suppressing pJNK in HaCaT keratinocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2987-2994. [PMID: 30015902 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spilanthol has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, antimicrobial and antinociceptive properties. At present, the literature has reported the beneficial role of spilanthol on tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α)‑stimulated HaCaT cells. The present study investigated the effects of spilanthol on the expression of TNF‑α‑induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1) and cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of spilanthol (10‑150 µM) followed by TNF‑α to induce inflammation. Pretreatment with spilanthol decreased TNF‑α‑induced COX‑2 expression by western blotting and suppressed the expression of pro‑inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)‑6, IL‑8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 using ELISA. Spilanthol also decreased the expression of TNF‑α‑induced ICAM‑1 protein and mRNA assay by western blotting and RT‑qPCR, respectively, in addition to the monocyte adhesiveness of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, spilanthol significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), while pretreatment with spilanthol enhanced heme oxygenase (HO)‑1 protein expression by western blotting. These results demonstrated that spilanthol may exert its anti‑inflammatory activity by suppressing the TNF‑α‑induced expression of ICAM‑1, COX‑2 and pro‑inflammatory mediators by enhancing that of HO‑1, and inhibiting the activation of the phosphorylated JNK signaling pathway. It is hypothesized that spilanthol may be a natural anti‑inflammatory drug to attenuate skin inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Li-Chun Chang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Sindy Hu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chien-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan R.O.C
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Wu MA, Wu MY, Wu SJ, Zhu JJ, Lyu Z, Li CL, Shen LJ. [Analysis of corneal and conjunctival sensitivities and its related factors of premature babies]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2018; 54:115-119. [PMID: 29429296 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyse the corneal and conjunctival sensitivities of premature babies and to study the relevant influencing factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study. One hundred premature infants born at Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University between May 2015 and September 2015 were enrolled, among which 51 were male (51%) and 49 were female (49%), the mean gestational age was (30.93±1.75)w, the mean corrected gestational age was (33.65±1.53)w, the mean birth weight was (1 592±336)g. The thresholds of cornea and conjunctiva of infants' left or right eyes were measured with Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer at 8-10 o'clock every morning when they naturally woke up, the minimum length of nylon wire that induced three successive times of eye-blink responses was recorded. Paired sample t test was used to compare the corneal and conjunctival sensitivities, the ocular surface sensitivities of preterm infants of different gender were compared using independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation of corneal and conjuncitval sensitivities with gestational age, birth weight, age and corrected gestational age. Results: The mean corneal sensitivity was (44.85±5.53) mm and the mean conjunctival sensitivity was (23.50±5.48)mm in premature babies, corneal sensitivity was significantly higher than conjunctival sensitivity (t=25.620, P<0.001). No statistical significance was found between male and female preterm infants in corneal sensitivity [(44.80±5.83) mm vs. (44.90±5.25) mm, t=-0.085, P=0.933] and conjunctival sensitivity[(23.14±5.83) mm vs. (23.88±5.13) mm, t=-0.673, P=0.502]. Pearson correlation analysis showed that corneal sensitivity was significantly associated with conjunctival sensitivity in prematurity(r=0.676, P<0.001). There was significant correlation between corneal sensitivity and age, corrected gestational age (r=0.238, P=0.017; r=0.679, P<0.001), however no significant correlation was found between corneal sensitivity and gestational age, birth weight in preterm infants (r=0.067, P=0.510; r=-0.179, P=0.075). There was significant correlation between conjunctival sensitivity and corrected gestational age (r=0.490, P<0.001), however no significant correlation was found between conjunctival sensitivity and gestational age, birth weight and age in preterm infants (r=0.078, P=0.439; r=-0.096, P=0.344; r=0.151, P=0.133). Multiple linear regression revealed that corneal sensitivity(Y1) was positively correlated with corrected gestational age(X), the regression equation was Y1=2.45X-37.52, the conjunctical sensitivity(Y2) was also positively correlated with corrected gestational age(X), the regression equation was Y2=1.75X-35.41. Conclusions: The corneal sensitivity is higher than conjunctival sensitivity in premature babies.No statistical significance is found between male and female preterm infants in corneal sensitivity and conjunctival sensitivity. The corneal sensitivity and conjunctival sensitivity are correlated with corrected gestational age in preterm infants. The corneal and conjunctival sensitivities of premature babies tend to increase along with the increase of corrected gestational age. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 115-119).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Wu
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Wang CL, Liou CJ, Wu SJ, Wei CH, Huang WC. WITHDRAWN: Ginkgolide B reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet–induced obese mice. Oncotarget 2018. [DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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32
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Liou CJ, Wu SJ, Chen LC, Yeh KW, Chen CY, Huang WC. Acacetin from Traditionally Used Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir. Suppressed Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Attenuated Lipid Accumulation in Obese Mice. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:589. [PMID: 28900399 PMCID: PMC5581916 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acacetin, a flavone that can be isolated from the Saussurea involucrata plant, has anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties that ameliorate airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice. This study investigated whether acacetin has anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and whether it regulates the inflammatory response in adipocytes and macrophages. It also investigated whether acacetin ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet- (HFD) induced obese mice. Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were treated with acacetin. The glycerol levels in the culture medium were measured, and the expression of proteins and genes involved in adipogenesis and lipolysis were assayed by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. Inflammatory cytokine signaling pathway activity was assessed in macrophages that were treated with acacetin and cultured with differentiated medium from 3T3-L1 cells. Intraperitoneal injections of acacetin were administered to HFD-induced obese mice twice a week for 10 weeks. Acacetin significantly increased the levels of glycerol in the culture medium and significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Acacetin reduced the expression of adipogenesis-related transcription factors, including the expression of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; it also increased sirtuin 1 expression and AMPK phosphorylation in adipocytes. In macrophages cultured with differentiated media from 3T3-L1 adipocytes, acacetin reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators and the activity of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways. In obese mice, acacetin reduced both body weight and visceral adipose tissue weight. These results demonstrate that acacetin inhibited adipogenesis in adipocytes and in obese mice. Acacetin also reduced the inflammatory response of macrophages that were stimulated with differentiated media from 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and TechnologyTaoyuan, Taiwan
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Zhang T, Zhou Q, Qian YG, Zhou J, Wu SJ, Wang PY, Liu AP. [A cross-sectional study on dyslipidemia in migrants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:902-905. [PMID: 28738463 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in migrants in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Methods: A stratified multi-stage cluster equal size sampling was performed among the migrants aged ≥18 years who were engaged in manufacturing, wholesale retail, accommodation and catering service, social service, construction and other and 1 501 migrants from five area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was investigated by means of questionnaires survey, physical measurements and laboratory detection. Results: Complete data was obtained in 1 496 study subjects. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 42.65% (638/1 496), the age-standardized prevalence was 42.05%; the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, combined hyperlipidemia and low high-density lipoprotein hyperlipidemia were 4.90% (73/1 491), 14.76% (220/1 491), 4.83% (72/1 496), 25.27% (378/1 496), respectively. Dyslipidemia characterized by high triglyceride (HTG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LHDL-C) accounted for 81.97% (523/638). The prevalence of dyslipidemia and HTG/LHDL-C dyslipidemia were similar, which increased significantly with age in both females and males, but was significantly higher in males. The prevalence among migrants with other occupations was highest. The prevalence of HTG/LHDL-C dyslipidemia didn't significantly increase with the duration of migration. However, the prevalence of high TG and dyslipidemia increased significantly with the duration of migration, the prevalence of high TG in age group <45 years showed the same characteristics. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in migrants in Inner Mongolia was high, and the main form was HTG/LHDL-C dyslipidemia. The prevalence in males, the middle aged and aged as well as those with other occupations were high. Migrants with longer duration of migration had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Q Zhou
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y G Qian
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot 100020, China
| | - J Zhou
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S J Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - P Y Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - A P Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Huang WC, Chen CY, Wu SJ. Almond Skin Polyphenol Extract Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes Lipolysis in Differentiated 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Med Food 2017; 20:103-109. [PMID: 28146410 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that polyphenols reduce the risk of inflammation-related diseases and upregulates energy expenditure in adipose tissue. Here, we investigated the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effects of almond skin polyphenol extract (ASP) in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The antioxidant effects of ASP were measured based on DPPH radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic content. Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were treated with ASP. Subsequently, lipolysis proteins and transcription factors of adipogenesis were measured. The proinflammatory mediators monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL-5) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that ASP significantly promoted phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), increased activity of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, and inhibited adipogenesis-related transcription factors. In addition, ASP inhibited the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell inflammatory response via downregulation of MCP-1 and CCL-5 secretion. This study suggests that ASP regulates lipolysis through activation of AMPK, reduced adipogenesis, and suppresses proinflammatory cytokines in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- 1 Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- 1 Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- 2 Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Taoyuan City, Taiwan .,3 Department of Dermatology, Aesthetic Medical Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Zhou YJ, Wu SJ, Chai M. [Challenge and prospect of current treatment for calcified coronary lesions]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:266-269. [PMID: 28545274 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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36
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Tang DD, Chen P, Wu SJ. [Role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2017; 40:126-129. [PMID: 28209045 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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37
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Wang XD, Qu RT, Wu SJ, Duan QQ, Liu ZQ, Zhu ZW, Zhang HF, Zhang ZF. Notch fatigue behavior: Metallic glass versus ultra-high strength steel. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35557. [PMID: 27752136 PMCID: PMC5067664 DOI: 10.1038/srep35557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the effect of notch on the fatigue behavior of structural materials is of significance for the reliability and safety designing of engineering structural components. In this work, we conducted notch fatigue experiments of two high-strength materials, i.e. a Ti32.8Zr30.2Ni5.3Cu9Be22.7 metallic glass (MG) and a 00Ni18Co15Mo8Ti ultra-high strength steel (CM400 UHSS), and compared their notch fatigue behavior. Experimental results showed that although both the strength and plasticity of the MG were much lower than those of the UHSS, the fatigue endurance limit of the notched MG approached to that of the notched UHSS, and the fatigue ratio of the notched MG was even higher. This interesting finding can be attributed to the unique shear banding mechanism of MG. It was found that during fatigue process abundant shear bands formed ahead of the notch root and in the vicinity of the crack in the notched MG, while limited plastic deformation was observed in the notched UHSS. The present results may improve the understanding on the fatigue mechanisms of high-strength materials and offer new strategies for structural design and engineering application of MG components with geometrical discontinuities.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - R T Qu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - S J Wu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - Q Q Duan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - Z Q Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - Z W Zhu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - H F Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
| | - Z F Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, P.R. China
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Huang WC, Wu SJ, Tu RS, Lai YR, Liou CJ. Phloretin inhibits interleukin-1β-induced COX-2 and ICAM-1 expression through inhibition of MAPK, Akt, and NF-κB signaling in human lung epithelial cells. Food Funct 2016; 6:1960-7. [PMID: 25996641 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00149h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phloretin, a flavonoid isolated from the apple tree, is reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-adiposity effects. In this study, we evaluated the suppressive effects of phloretin on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in IL-1β-stimulated human lung epithelial A549 cells. The cells were pretreated with various concentrations of phloretin (3-100 μM), followed by induced inflammation by IL-1β. Phloretin inhibited levels of prostaglandin E2, decreased COX-2 expression, and suppressed IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and IL-6 production. It also decreased ICAM-1 gene and protein expression and suppressed monocyte adhesion to inflammatory A549 cells. Phloretin also significantly inhibited Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and decreased nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) subunit p65 protein translocation into the nucleus. In addition, ICAM-1 and COX-2 expression was suppressed by pretreatment with both MAPK inhibitors and phloretin in inflammatory A549 cells. However, phlorizin, a derivative of phloretin, did not suppress the inflammatory response in IL-1β-stimulated A549 cells. These results suggest that phloretin might have an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokine, COX-2, and ICAM-1 expression via blocked NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
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Khoo EH, Leong ESP, Wu SJ, Phua WK, Hor YL, Liu YJ. Effects of asymmetric nanostructures on the extinction difference properties of actin biomolecules and filaments. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19658. [PMID: 26792371 PMCID: PMC4726270 DOI: 10.1038/srep19658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, symmetric and asymmetric tapering on the arms of the gammadion nanostructure is proposed to enhance both local field distribution and extinction difference (ED). The asymmetric tapered gammadion with tapering fraction (TF) of 0.67 is seen to have the largest ED and spatial local field distribution, producing a large wavelength shift of more than 50 percent as compared to the untapered gammadion nanostructures when immersed in a solution of actin molecules and filaments. The optical chirality, ζ shows that the larger local field amplitudes produced by the asymmetric designs increases the rate of chiral molecules excitation. This enhanced field is strongly rotating and highly sensitive to single molecules and larger filaments. Here, we show that the ED, optical chirality, sensitivity and rate of chiral molecules excitation can be improved by incorporating asymmetric designs into chiral gammadion nanostructures through tapering.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Khoo
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Eunice S P Leong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - S J Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - W K Phua
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Y L Hor
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Y J Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
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Zhou X, Shi X, Ren K, Fan GT, Wu SJ, Zhao JN. Celecoxib inhibits cell growth and modulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:4087-4097. [PMID: 26592832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the effect of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, on the growth inhibition of osteosarcoma and its potential anticancer mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 was used as a model. The inhibitory effect of celecoxib on cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect the effects of celecoxib on cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of RECK, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in celecoxib-treated MG-63 cells. RESULTS MTT assays showed that at a range of concentrations (0-80 µg/ml), celecoxib significantly inhibited the MG-63 cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of celecoxib was 47.5 µg/ml for 24 h-treatment and 19.2 µg/ml for 48 h-treatment. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that treatment with 20 µg/ml celecoxib led to a significant cell cycle arrest at S-phase and an enhancement of apoptosis induction in MG-63 cells at 24 or 48h. Moreover, compared with 24 h-treatment, 48 h-treatment induced more S-phase arrest and apoptosis in MG-63 cells. Western blot analyses revealed that the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was markedly down-regulated but RECK, an inhibitor of MMPs, was markedly up-regulated in MG-63 cells exposed to 20 µg/ml celecoxib for 24 or 48h. Furthermore, the effects of celecoxib on the expression of these molecules were more evident with the increase of treatment time. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib inhibits the MG-63 cells proliferation through S-phase arrest and apoptosis induction. Celecoxib-induced down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and up-regulation of RECK may contribute to the apoptosis induction and an alteration in local tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that celecoxib may exert at least in part of its anticancer effects via up-regulation of RECK to inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Nanjing, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Wu SJ. Osthole Attenuates Inflammatory Responses and Regulates the Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in HepG2 Cells Grown in Differentiated Medium from 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. J Med Food 2015; 18:972-9. [PMID: 25876063 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the anti-inflammatory mechanisms by which osthole acted on HepG2 cells cultured in a differentiated medium from cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. HepG2 cells, a human liver cell line, were treated with various concentrations of osthole in differentiated media from cultured 3T3-L1 cells to evaluate proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and signaling pathways. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to determine the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, real-time polymerase chain reaction to assay the mRNA expression, and western blot to determine the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins. We also investigated inflammatory mechanism pathway members, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Osthole was able to suppress the levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, as well as chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-8. In addition, COX-2 was suppressed and HO-1 expression was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Osthole was also able to decrease IκB-α phosphorylation and suppress the phosphorylation of MAPKs. These results suggest that osthole has anti-inflammatory effects as demonstrated by the decreased proinflammatory cytokine and mediator production through suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in HepG2 cells when they are incubated on the differentiated medium from 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ju Wu
- 1 Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan .,2 Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Liou CJ, Len WB, Wu SJ, Lin CF, Wu XL, Huang WC. Casticin inhibits COX-2 and iNOS expression via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 158 Pt A:310-316. [PMID: 25446583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruits of Vitex rotundifolia L. are widely used to treat inflammation of the airway in Traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies found that casticin, isolated from Vitex rotundifolia, could induce apoptosis of tumor cells. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of casticin and its underlying molecular mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of casticin (0.3-10μM), and then treated with LPS to induce inflammation. We assayed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) using ELISA, and examined the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 by Western blot. We also investigated the anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism by analyzing inflammatory-associated signaling pathways, including the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. RESULTS We found casticin inhibited the levels of nitric oxide and PGE2, and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In addition, iNOS and COX-2 expression levels were suppressed and casticin increased HO-1 and Nrf2 production in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, casticin significantly inhibited NF-κB subunit p65 proteins in the nucleus and decreased Akt and MAPK activation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of casticin is due to inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators by blocking the NF-κB, Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Bin Len
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chwan-Fwu Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xin-Ling Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.
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Huang WC, Chan CC, Wu SJ, Chen LC, Shen JJ, Kuo ML, Chen MC, Liou CJ. Matrine attenuates allergic airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration by suppressing eotaxin and Th2 cytokine production in asthmatic mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 151:470-7. [PMID: 24231072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Matrine has been isolated from Sophora flavescens, and found to show anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages and anti-cachectic effects in hepatomas. The present study investigated whether matrine suppressed eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice, and decreased the inflammatory response of tracheal epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce allergic asthma in mice. These asthmatic mice were given various doses of matrine by intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, activated human tracheal epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were treated with matrine, and evaluated for levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. RESULTS We found that matrine significantly decreased AHR, and suppressed goblet cell hyperplasia, eosinophil infiltration, and inflammatory response in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. Matrine also reduced the levels of Th2 cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and suppressed OVA-IgE production in serum. Furthermore, matrine treatment of activated BEAS-2B cells decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and eotaxins, as well as suppressed ICAM-1 expression and thus adhesion of eosinophils to inflammatory BEAS-2B cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that matrine can improve allergic asthma in mice, and therefore has potential therapeutic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chi Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kuo, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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Wun ZY, Lin CF, Huang WC, Huang YL, Xu PY, Chang WT, Wu SJ, Liou CJ. Anti-inflammatory effect of sophoraflavanone G isolated from Sophora flavescens in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:255-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Huang WC, Chang WT, Wu SJ, Xu PY, Ting NC, Liou CJ. Phloretin and phlorizin promote lipolysis and inhibit inflammation in mouse 3T3-L1 cells and in macrophage-adipocyte co-cultures. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1803-13. [PMID: 23776070 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Previous studies found that phloretin (PT) and phlorizin (PZ) could inhibit glucose transport, with PT being a better inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to evaluate the antiobesity effects of PT and PZ in 3T3-L1 cells and if they can modulate the relationship between adipocytes and macrophages. METHODS AND RESULTS Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were treated with PT or PZ. Subsequently, transcription factors of adipogenesis and lipolysis proteins were measured. In addition, RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with PT or PZ were cultured in differentiated media from 3T3-L1 cells to analyze inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways. PT significantly enhanced glycerol release and inhibited the adipogenesis-related transcription factors. PT also promoted phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and increased activity of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase. PT suppressed the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways when RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in differentiated media from 3T3-L1 cells. PZ improved lipolysis and inhibited the macrophage inflammatory response less effectively than PT. CONCLUSION This study suggests that PT is more effective than PZ at increasing lipolysis in adipocytes. In addition, PT also suppresses inflammatory response in macrophage that is stimulated by differentiated media from 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Lo YT, Tsai YH, Wu SJ, Chen JR, Chao JCJ. Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits cell activation and liver fibrosis in rat hepatic stellate cells. J Med Food 2011; 14:1135-43. [PMID: 21895415 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis is the eighth leading cause of death in Taiwan. Excess accumulated extracellular matrix produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the major cause of liver fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rb1, the most active compound purified from ginseng, has been considered to be hepatoprotective. This study investigated the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (98.8% purity) on activation, proliferation, and profibrotic factors in rat HSC-T6 cells under H₂O₂ oxidative stress. Rat HSC-T6 cells were activated by 10 nM H₂O₂ and then incubated with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rb1 (5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Medium containing 0.08% dimethyl sulfoxide or 5 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine was used as a negative or positive control, respectively. The results showed that ginsenoside Rb1 at 5-40 μg/mL significantly reduced α-smooth muscle actin levels and at 5-80 μg/mL inhibited cell proliferation in HSC-T6 cells after induction with H₂O₂ (P<.05). Collagen secreted by HSC-T6 cells was decreased by ginsenoside Rb1 at 5-80 μg/mL (P<.05). Protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 was suppressed by ginsenoside Rb1 at 10-80 μg/mL (P<.05). In addition, mRNA expression of type I and III collagen, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 was inhibited by ginsenoside Rb1 (10 and 80 μg/mL) (P<.05). Therefore, ginsenoside Rb1 exerted an antifibrotic effect on HSCs by inhibiting activation, proliferation, and expression of collagen, TGF-β1, MMP-2, and TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lo
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Setty S, Wu SJ, Bogard A, Chejfec G, Carroll R, Benedetti E, John E, Setty A. Application of the paraboloidal model to assess mucosal changes following segmental intestinal transplantation in children. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1823-30. [PMID: 21693285 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Segmental living related small intestinal transplantation (LRSITx) is a therapeutic option for conditions that present with short gut syndromes. Recovery of small intestinal mucosa after transplantation is critical to function. We examined the posttransplant mucosal changes to understand the absorptive capabilities of transplanted small intestine. The study of human subjects is constrained by limited biopsy material; therefore, we developed a technique of villus area measurement by extrapolation from two-dimensional surgical biopsy images. Using a detailed model of the villus as the gold standard, two simpler models (cylindrical and paraboloid) were tested. Comparisons with the accurate measurement revealed that the cylinder model does not compare well in early posttransplant biopsies. The paraboloid function developed in this article worked very well under all conditions. The simplicity of the paraboloid model and its robustness made high-quality estimates of the absorptive surface area from abundant data relatively easy. The remodeling expected in the initial stages of growth was also captured by this model. Time-dependent villus growth curves were obtained for transplanted bowel. Serial biopsies showed an initial "reconstruction" dip around 2 weeks after transplant, followed by continuous growth of villus surface area. An eventual plateau resulted at an average of 6 months after transplant. This growth of villi was shown to parallel the improved absorption of electrolytes, amino acids, and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Setty
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Wu PS, Wu SJ, Tsai YH, Lin YH, Chao JCJ. Hot Water Extracted Lycium Barbarumand Rehmannia GlutinosaInhibit Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats. Am J Chin Med 2011; 39:1173-1191. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x11009482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-rich Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa have been considered to have immune-modulating activity. This study investigated the effects of water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa (HE) on carbon tetrachloride ( CCl4)-induced liver injury in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into: normal diet + peritoneal injection of olive oil (control), normal diet + CCl4injection ( CCl4), 1 × HE (0.05% HE for each) + CCl4(1 × HE), and 3 × HE (0.15% HE for each) + CCl4(3 × HE) groups. Rats were injected with 40% CCl4at a dose of 0.75 ml/kg body weight once a week for seven weeks, one week after herbal extract treatment. After eight week herbal extract treatment, pathohistological examination showed that both 1× and 3 × HE treatments diminished necrotic hepatocytes, chemoattraction of inflammatory cells, and liver fibrosis. Both 1× and 3 × HE treatments decreased plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and reduced hepatic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines — tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β — compared to CCl4treatment alone. The 1 × HE treatment increased hepatic anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels. Both the 1× and 3 × HE treatments suppressed liver fibrosis biomarkers — transforming growth factor-β1 and hydroxyproline. Therefore, treatment with water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa (0.05% and 0.15% for each) for eight weeks protects against necrotic damage, indicated by decreases in plasma ALT and AST activities, and suppresses liver fibrosis by down-regulation of liver inflammation in rats with CCl4-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shan Wu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Tsai
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ho Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jane C.-J. Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the nutritional status of nursing home residents. A convenience sample of 111 residents from four nursing homes in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, was recruited. The residents' nutritional status was assessed on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level. Data on demographic characteristics, cognitive function, activities of daily living, and mode of feeding were collected and examined for association with nutritional status. Among the subjects, 41.1% had a BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m² and 18.9% had a serum albumin level of less than 3.5 g/dl. Mode of feeding was a significant predictor of malnutrition. When compared with residents on oral feedings, those on nasogastric (NG) feedings had four times the risk of a low BMI and about eight times the risk of a low albumin level. In conclusion, it is important to regularly assess the physical function and nutritional status of nursing home residents and adjust their dietary intake accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ju Wu
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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