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Lim SYM, Pan Y, Alshagga M, Lim W, Cin K, Alshehade SA, Alshawsh M. CYP14 family in Caenorhabditis elegans: Mitochondrial function, detoxification, and lifespan. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38472099 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
CYP-14 members of the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family, plays important roles in mitochondrial dysfunction, detoxification, lipid metabolism, defense and lifespan regulation. The review identifies CYP-14 members: cyp-14A1, cyp-14A2, cyp-14A3, cyp-14A4, cyp-14A5 and their homology with human CYP families. Despite limited studies on C. elegans cyp-14 members, the findings unraveled their complex crosstalk between mitochondrial stress, detoxification mechanisms, and lifespan regulation, emphasizing the complexity of these interconnected pathways as well as how their regulation depends on environmental cues changes including pH, nutrients, ROS and chemical stressors. The review underscores the translational relevance to human health, shedding light on potential human homologues and their implications in age-related, metabolic and respiratory diseases. Among other genes, cyp-14A2 and cyp-14A4 predominate the mitochondrial function, heat resistance, lipid metabolism, detoxification and lifespan pathways. In conclusion, these insights pave the way for future research, offering promising avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting CYP-14 activity to address age-related diseases and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharoen Yu Ming Lim
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Business, Design and Arts, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Yan Pan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Alshagga
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Willone Lim
- Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kong Cin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salah A Alshehade
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Bio-Medical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Su Y, Richard SA, Lan Z, Zhang Y. Lhermitte-Duclos disease with excessive calcification in a septuagenarian: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36212. [PMID: 38181272 PMCID: PMC10766305 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), or dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (DCG), is a rare tumor originating from the cerebellar cortex. LDD is a benign neuroglial tumor with uncertain prognosis. Over 200 cases have been reported in the literature mostly in the form of case reports. Thus, we present a spectacular case of LDD with excessive calcification in a female septuagenarian. PATIENT CONCERNS A 72-year-old female presented with progressive dizziness for 8 months and suffered a head and sacrococcygeal region injury 20 days prior to her admission in our neurosurgery department. DIAGNOSIS Computed tomography scan showed a right nonspecific cerebellar mass with striated calcification. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right "tiger-striped" alteration of the cerebellar cortex. H&E staining revealed a low grade glial neural tumor which was consistent with the diagnosis of LDD or DCG. INTERVENTION The lesion was total resected. OUTCOMES The patient recovered well and the cerebellar dysfunctional symptoms subsided 3 months after the operation and 2 years follow-up revealed no recurrence of the lesion and no neurological deficits. LESION We postulate that the calcification of LDD is age-related and the pathogenesis of disease often observed in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tibet Chengban Branch of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Seidu A. Richard
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuekang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Lu J, He Y, Yang Y, Zhong X, Chen S, Wu B, Pan Y, Wang Y, Xiu J, Kang Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen S, Chen K, Chen L. Age-Related Effect of Uric Acid on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury of Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:2053-2061. [PMID: 38088947 PMCID: PMC10712252 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s419370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between uric acid (UA) and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) following coronary angiography (CAG) has been established. However, whether the association would vary with age remained undetermined. Methods We performed the retrospective analysis based on the Cardio-renal Improvement II study, (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05050877), which enrolled consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography in 5 teaching hospitals in China from 2007 to 2020. The primary outcome was CI-AKI defined as the rise of serum creatinine (SCr) ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or 25% compared with the baseline value within 48 hours following CAG. The effect of age on the association between uric acid and CI-AKI was assessed by the logistic regression model. Results A total of 36,550 patients (mean age 63.08±5.6-year-old, 41.7% men) were included in the study. After adjusting for the confounders, the risk of CI-AKI between each quartile of uric acid was insignificant in the young group. In patients of the middle group, lower UA was associated with a lower risk of CI-AKI while higher UA was associated with a higher risk (Q1 OR: 0.853, 95% CI: 0.734-0.993; Q4 OR: 1.797, 95% CI: 1.547-2.09). In patients of the elder group, lower and higher UA were both associated with a higher risk of CI-AKI (Q1 OR: 1.247, 95% CI: 1.003-1.553; Q4 OR: 1.688, 95% CI: 1.344-2.124). The restricted cubic spline indicated a non-linear association between UA and CI-AKI in middle and elder age groups but a linear association in the young age group. Conclusion The association between uric acid and CI-AKI vary in patients of different age. Patients with elder age should maintain a middle level of uric acid while patients with middle age should consider a lower level of uric acid to reduce the risk of CI-AKI. The level of UA was an insignificant risk factor for CI-AKI in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibo He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaowen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaihong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liling Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, People’s Republic of China
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Pontiff ME, Moreau NG. Age-Related Differences in Muscle Size and Strength between Individuals with Cerebral Palsy and Individuals with Typical Development. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 38037369 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2287463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Examine age-related differences in muscle size and strength of the knee extensors in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and individuals with typical development (TD). METHODS 54 individuals with CP (14.5 ± 4.5 years, GMFCS I-V) and 33 individuals with TD (16.2 ± 5.5 years) were included. Relationships between rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle volume and isokinetic knee extensor strength with age were examined with linear regression and ANCOVA to test age-related differences between groups. RESULTS Linear regression for muscle volume with age was statistically significant in TD (VL: r2 = 0.48, RF: r2 = 0.56, p < .05) and those with CP (VL: r = 0.36, RF: r2 = 0.27, p < .05) with no differences in regression slopes between groups (p > .05). Age-related strength differences were observed in TD (r2 = 0.66, p < .001) and those with CP (r2 = 0.096, p = .024), but the slopes were significantly different between CP and TD (p < .001). CONCLUSION Age-related linear differences in muscle volume and strength were observed in both groups. The linear slope of the age-related differences in knee extensor muscle strength and strength-to-body mass ratio were significantly lower in individuals with CP compared to individuals with TD, suggesting that strength is insufficient to keep up with gains in body mass during growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattie E Pontiff
- Department of Physical Therapy, LSUHSC-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Noelle G Moreau
- Department of Physical Therapy, LSUHSC-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Adik K, Lamb P, Moran M, Childs D, Francis A, Vinyard CJ. Trends in mandibular fractures in the USA: A 20-year retrospective analysis. Dent Traumatol 2023; 39:425-436. [PMID: 37291803 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The mandible is one of the most fractured bones in the maxillofacial region. This study analyzes trends in mandibular fracture patterns, demographics, and mechanisms since the early 2000s. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mandibular fractures were reviewed from the 2007, 2011, and 2017 National Trauma Data Bank including 13,142, 17,057, and 20,391 patients by year, respectively. This database contains hundreds of thousands of patients annually and represents the largest trauma registry in the United States. Variables included number of fractures, sex, age, injury mechanism, and fracture location. Mechanism of injury included assault, motor vehicle crash, fall, motorcycle, bicycle, pedestrian, and firearm. Anatomic locations based on ICD-9/10 codes included symphysis, ramus, condyle, condylar process, body, angle, and coronoid process. Frequencies were compared using Chi-square tests of homogeneity with effect sizes estimated using Cramer's V. RESULTS Mandibular fractures represent 2%-2.5% of all traumas reported in the database from 2001 to 2017. The proportion of patients sustaining a single reported mandibular fracture decreased from 82% in 2007 to 63% in 2017. Males consistently experienced 78%-80% of fractures. Eighteen to 54-year-olds experienced the largest percentages of fractures throughout the 21st century, while median age of fracture shifted from 28 to 32 between 2007 and 2017. The most common fracture mechanisms were assault (42% [2001-2005]-37% [2017]), motor vehicle crash (31%-22%) followed by falls (15%-20%). From 2001-2005 to 2017, a decrease was observed in assaults (-5%) and motor vehicle crash (-9%) and an increase in falls (+5%), particularly among elderly females. The mandibular body, condyle, angle, and symphysis represent approximately two-thirds of all fractures without a consistent temporal trend among them. CONCLUSIONS The temporal trends observed can be linked to shifting age demographics nationally that may aid clinicians in diagnosis and inform public safety policies aimed at reducing these injuries, particularly among the growing elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Adik
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Patrick Lamb
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Moran
- Department of Trauma, Summa Health, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Dylan Childs
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Ashish Francis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher J Vinyard
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
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Liu Z, Liu Q, Qi G. Editorial: Dietary polysaccharides and brain health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1249498. [PMID: 37560058 PMCID: PMC10407805 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1249498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoyuan Qi
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Claesson R, Johansson A, Belibasakis GN. Age-Related Subgingival Colonization of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Parvimonas micra-A Pragmatic Microbiological Retrospective Report. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1434. [PMID: 37374936 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare data about the prevalence and proportions of the bacterial species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Parvimonas micra in periodontitis pocket samples collected from young, <35 years, and old, >35-year-old patients, YP and OP, respectively. The results from the analyses of a total of 3447 subgingival plaque samples analyzed for clinical diagnosis purposes by cultivation regarding the proportions of these species were collected from a database and elucidated. The prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was found to be more than twice as high (OR = 2.96, 95% CI; 2.50-3.50) in samples from the younger (42.2%) than the older group (20.4%) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of P. micra was significantly lower in samples from the younger age group (OR = 0.43, 95%) (p < 0.001), whereas P. gingivalis was similarly distributed (OR = 0.78, 95%) in the two age groups (p = 0.006). A similar pattern was noticed for A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis when high proportions (>50%) of the samples of these bacterial species were elucidated. In contrast, the proportion of samples containing >50% with P. micra was lower compared with the two other bacterial species. Furthermore, it was noted that the proportion of samples from old patients containing A. actinomycetemcomitans in combination with P. micra was almost three times higher than in samples when P. micra was replaced by P. gingivalis. In conclusion, A.actinomycetemcomitans showed an increased presence and proportion in samples from young patients compared with the old patients, while P. gingivalis was similarly distributed in the two age groups. P. micra showed an increased presence and proportion in samples from old patients compared with the young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Claesson
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Huddinge, Sweden
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Merkle-Storms J, Gaisendrees C, Feisst M, Rylski B, Dohle DS, Hagl C, Lescan M, Brickwede J, Poeling J, Holubec T, Etz CD, Jawny P, Noack T, Arif R, Wahlers T, Boening A, Luehr M. The Correlation of Age and Extension Length in DeBakey Type I Aortic Dissection: Are older patients over 70 years at a lower risk? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2023:7146030. [PMID: 37104742 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Age-related atherosclerosis has been shown to cause aortic stiffness and wall rigidification. This analysis aimed to correlate age and dissection extension length in a large contemporary multi-centre study. We hypothesize that younger patients suffer more extensive DeBakey Type I dissection due to aortic wall integrity, allowing unhindered extension within the layers. METHODS The perioperative data of 3385 patients from the German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A (GERAADA) were retrospectively analyzed with regard to postoperative outcomes and dissection extension. Patients with DeBakey Type I aortic dissection (n = 2510) were retrospectively identified and divided into two age-groups for comparison: ≤ 69 years (n = 1741) and ≥ 70years (n = 769). Patients with DeBakey type II dissection or connective tissue disease were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS In younger patients (≤ 69 years), aortic dissection involved the supraaortic vessels significantly more often (52.0% vs. 40.1%; p < 0.001) and extended significantly further downstream the aorta: descending aorta (68.4% vs. 57.1%; p < 0.001), abdominal aorta (54.6% vs. 42.1%; p < 0.001), iliac bifurcation (36.6% vs. 26.0%; p < 0.001). Consequently, younger patients also presented with significantly higher incidences of preoperative cerebral (p < 0.001), spinal (p < 0.001), visceral (p < 0.001), renal (p = 0.013) and peripheral (p < 0.001) malperfusion. In older patients (≥70 years), dissection extent was significantly more often limited to the level of the aortic arch (40.9% vs. 29.2%; p < 0.001). No significant difference was found with regard to 30-day mortality (20.7% vs. 23.6%; p = 0.114). CONCLUSIONS Extensive DeBakey Type I aortic dissection is less frequent in older patients ≥70 years than in younger patients. In contrast, younger patients suffer more often from preoperative organ malperfusion and associated complications. Postoperative mortality remains high irrespective of age-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merkle-Storms
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Feisst
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bartosz Rylski
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Freiburg, Bad Krozingen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Mario Lescan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jens Brickwede
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Aortic Center Hamburg, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Poeling
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Schuechtermann Clinic, Bad Rothenfelde, Germany
| | - Tomas Holubec
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Goethe University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christian D Etz
- University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Jawny
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thilo Noack
- University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rawa Arif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Marfan Center, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Boening
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Luehr
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Goodman D, Ness S. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Aging Eye. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030837. [PMID: 36983992 PMCID: PMC10052045 DOI: 10.3390/life13030837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the expanding elderly population in the United States and the world, it is important to understand the processes underlying both natural and pathological age-related changes in the eye. Both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye undergo changes in biological, chemical, and physical properties driven by oxidative stress. With advancing age, changes in the anterior segment include dermatochalasis, blepharoptosis, thickening of the sclera, loss of corneal endothelial cells, and stiffening of the lens. Changes in the posterior segment include lowered viscoelasticity of the vitreous body, photoreceptor cell loss, and drusen deposition at the macula and fovea. Age-related ocular pathologies including glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration are largely mediated by oxidative stress. The prevalence of these diseases is expected to increase in the coming years, highlighting the need to develop new therapies that address oxidative stress and slow the progression of age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Goodman
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Steven Ness
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Munteanu AN, Surcel M, Isvoranu G, Constantin C, Neagu M. Healthy Ageing Reflected in Innate and Adaptive Immune Parameters. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1513-1526. [PMID: 36247200 PMCID: PMC9555218 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s375926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the paper is to establish and quantify the relation between healthy ageing and the innate and adaptive immune parameters as indicators of age-related diseases. Patients In order to observe the immunological changes that occur according to age, several humoral and cellular immune parameters were investigated for 288 healthy donors (30-80 years). Subjects' selection was done using clinical, biochemical and immunological parameters of inclusion/exclusion criteria from SENIEUR protocol. Results Age-related changes were observed for both humoral and cellular immune parameters. Lymphocyte immunophenotyping revealed several significant differences in the distribution of cells, both intra- and inter-age groups, namely decreased values of T-CD3+, T-CD8+ and NK cells, and elevated values for T-CD4+, T-CD4+/T-CD8+ ratio and B cells. The percentages of unstimulated neutrophils that show basal oxidative activity and the intensity of this activity had an increasing tendency age-related. The percentage of N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine stimulated neutrophils clearly decreases with age, and is associated with an increasing intensity of oxidative activity. Our data also have shown an increased percentage of oxidative neutrophils after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation and an elevated oxidative activity with age. Conclusion Overall healthy ageing is governed by some immune-related deregulations that account for immune exhaustion due to numerous developed immune processes during a life-time and the age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Narcisa Munteanu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania,Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 050095, Romania
| | - Mihaela Surcel
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Gheorghița Isvoranu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania,Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest, 020125, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania,Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 050095, Romania,Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest, 020125, Romania,Correspondence: Monica Neagu, Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 050096, Romania, Tel/Fax +4021-3194528, Email
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Watanabe T, Otani K, Sekiguchi M, Konno SI. Relationship between lumbar disc degeneration on MRI and low back pain: A cross-sectional community study. Fukushima J Med Sci 2022; 68:97-107. [PMID: 35922918 PMCID: PMC9493335 DOI: 10.5387/fms.2022-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Although an association has been suggested between disc degeneration (DD) and low back pain (LBP), some DD is thought to be an age-related change unrelated to symptoms. Age-inappropriate DD, however, may be associated with LBP. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in LBP and LBP-related quality of life between age-appropriate and age-inappropriate DD, as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants and methods: In this cross-sectional study, degenerative change in the lumbar intervertebral discs of 382 subjects (age range, 27-82 years) was evaluated by MRI. Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) scores were assigned using the Schneiderman classification, as the sum of grades for all intervertebral levels (0-15). We classified subjects into three groups according to age and DDD score: Low DD (mild DD relative to age), Appropriate (age-appropriate DD), and High DD (severe DD relative to age). We compared the three groups in terms of LBP prevalence, LBP intensity, LBP-specific quality of life (QOL) according to the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ), and the Short Form-36 Item Health Survey (SF-36). Results: Of 382 subjects, there were 35% in the Low DD group, 54% in the Appropriate group, and 11% in the High DD group. There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of prevalence of LBP, LBP intensity, RDQ score, or SF-36 score. Conclusion: No association was found between age-inappropriate DD (Low or High DD group) and age-appropriate DD (Appropriate group) in terms of prevalence of LBP, LBP intensity, RDQ, or SF-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Koji Otani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Miho Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shin-Ichi Konno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
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12
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Xiang ZF, Xiong HC, Hu DF, Li MY, Zhang ZC, Mao ZC, Shen ED. Age-Related Sex Disparities in Esophageal Cancer Survival: A Population-Based Study in the United States. Front Public Health 2022; 10:836914. [PMID: 35903385 PMCID: PMC9314568 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.836914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between sex and the survival of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) remains controversial. We sought to systematically investigate sex-based disparities in EC survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry data from the United States. Methods Patients with EC diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 registered in the SEER database were selected. The association between sex and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using survival analysis. The Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) approach was applied to reduce the observed bias between males and females. Subgroup analyses were used to investigate the robustness of the sex-based disparity and to explore potential interaction effects with other variables. Results Overall, 29,312 eligible EC patients were analyzed, of whom 5,781 were females, and 23,531 were males. Females had higher crude CSS compared to males (10-year CSS: 24.5 vs. 21.3%; P < 0.001). Similar results were obtained after adjusting for selection bias using the IPW approach and multivariate regression. Subgroup analyses confirmed the relative robustness of sex as a prognostic factor. However, significant interactions were observed between sex and other variables, such as age, race, tumor grade, histology, and treatment modality. In particular, there was no survival advantage for premenopausal females compared to their male counterparts, but the association between sex and EC survival was prominent in 46-55-year-old patients. Conclusions Female EC patients had better long-term survival than males. The association between sex and EC survival vary according to age, race, tumor grade, histology, and treatment modality. Sex-based disparity in EC-specific survival was age-related in the United States population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Fei Xiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua-Cai Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dan-Fei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming-Yao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhan-Chun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zheng-Chun Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Er-Dong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
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13
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Kiss AR, Gregor Z, Furák Á, Szabó LE, Dohy Z, Merkely B, Vágó H, Szűcs A. Age- and Sex-Specific Characteristics of Right Ventricular Compacted and Non-compacted Myocardium by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:781393. [PMID: 34950717 PMCID: PMC8688768 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.781393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The age and sex-specific characteristics of right ventricular compacted (RV-CMi) and RV-trabeculated myocardial mass (RV-TMi) and the determinants of RV myocardium are less well-studied; however, in different conditions, these might provide additional diagnostic information. We aimed to describe the age- and sex-specific characteristics of RV-CMi, RV-TMi, and RV volumetric and functional parameters and investigate the determinants of RV myocardial mass with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Two hundred healthy Caucasian volunteers free of known cardiovascular or systemic diseases were prospectively enrolled in this study. Four different age groups were established with equal numbers of males and females: Group A (n = 50, 20-29 years, mean age: 24.3 ± 3.2 years), Group B (n = 50, 30-39 years, mean age: 33.6 ± 2.6 years), Group C (n = 50, 40-49 years, mean age: 44.7 ± 2.7 years), and Group D (n = 50, ≥50 years, mean age: 55.1 ± 3.9 years). Left ventricular (LV) and RV volumetric, functional, CMi, and TMi values were measured with a threshold-based post-processing CMR method. The volumetric parameters, RV-CMi, and RV-TMi values were larger, and the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in males. The RV-CMi did not correlate with age in either of the sexes, while the RV-TMi decreased with age in females but remained stable in males. The RV-TMi and RV-CMi correlated positively with RV volumetric parameters, the LV-CMi, the LV-TMi, and each other in both sexes. LV-TMi, LV-CMi, RV end-systolic volume, and sex were independent predictors of RV-TMi. Understanding the characteristics of RV-trabeculated and RV-compacted myocardium might have additive value in diagnosing different conditions with RV hypertrophy or hypertrabeculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Réka Kiss
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Gregor
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Furák
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsófia Dohy
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Vágó
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szűcs
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Han Y, Sui Z, Jia Y, Wang H, Dong Y, Zhang H, Li Z, Yu Z. Metastasis patterns and prognosis in breast cancer patients aged ≥ 80 years: a SEER database analysis. J Cancer 2021; 12:6445-6453. [PMID: 34659535 PMCID: PMC8489144 DOI: 10.7150/jca.63813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the metastasis patterns and prognosis of breast cancer (BC) in patients aged ≥ 80 years with distant metastases, as the current literature lacks studies in this population. Methods: A retrospective, population-based study using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was conducted to evaluate 36,203 patients with BC from 2010 to 2016. Patients were classified into three groups, the older group (aged ≥ 80 years), middle-aged group (aged 60-79 years), and younger group (aged < 60 years). The role of age at the time of BC diagnosis in metastasis patterns was investigated, and the survival of different age groups of patients with BC was assessed. Results: Overall, 4,359 (12%) patients were diagnosed with BC at age ≥ 80 years, 19,688 (54%) at 60-79 years, and 12,156 (34%) at < 60 years. Compared with the other two groups, those in the older group had a lower rate of treatment acceptance. Statistical analysis revealed that older patients were more likely to have lung invasion only (odds ratio [OR]: 1.274, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.163-2.674) and less likely to have bone invasion only (OR: 0.704, 95% CI: 0.583-0.851), brain invasion only (OR: 0.329, 95% CI: 0.153-0.706), or multiple metastatic sites (OR: 0.361, 95% CI: 0.284-0.458) compared to the other two groups. Age at diagnosis was an independent prognostic factor for survival. The older group had the worst overall survival (OS, P<0.001) and BC-specific survival (CSS, P<0.001). Furthermore, patients aged ≥ 80 years with only liver metastasis had the worst CSS and OS. Conclusion: Patients aged ≥ 80 years were less likely to be receptive to cancer-related therapy and had the highest cancer mortality rate among all patients. Our findings will hopefully help clinicians develop more appropriate modalities of cancer treatment in elderly BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Han
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Respiratory medicine, Binhai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Zhilin Sui
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yongsheng Jia
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Tianjin Teda Hospital, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Hongdian Zhang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Respiratory medicine, Binhai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PeKing Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
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15
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Revenko O, Pavlovskiy Y, Savytska M, Yashchenko A, Kovalyshyn V, Chelpanova I, Varyvoda O, Zayachkivska O. Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents Mesenteric Adipose Tissue Damage, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Redox Imbalance From High Fructose Diet-Induced Injury in Aged Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:693100. [PMID: 34526894 PMCID: PMC8435624 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.693100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high fructose diet (HFD) and advanced age are key factors for the gradual loss of physiological integrity of adipose tissue. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has beneficial effects on cytoprotection and redox balance. But its interactive effects on age-related damage of mesenteric vessels and connective and adipose tissues (MA) during HFD which could be the base of the development of effective physiological-based therapeutic strategy are unknown. The aim of study was to investigate age- and HFD-induced mesenteric cellular changes and activities of enzymes in H2S synthesis and to test the effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) which is considered an H2S donor on them. Adult and aged male rats on a standard diet (SD) or 4-week HFD were exposed to acute water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS) for evaluation of mesenteric subcellular and cellular adaptive responses by electron microscopy. The effects of exogenous NaHS (5.6 mg/kg/day for 9 days) versus vehicle on mesentery changes were investigated. Serum glucose level, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and activities of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), thiosulfate-dithiol sulfurtransferase (TST), and sulfite oxidase (SO) were examined by spectrophotometry. In both adult and aged SD groups, treatment with NaHS protected mesenteric cells after WIRS. In both groups, the treatment with NaHS also protected MA mitochondria, microvascular endothelial and sub-endothelial structures, and fibroblasts versus the vehicle-treated group that had signs of damage. HFD increased MA injury and mitochondrial changes in both aged and adult rats. HFD-associated malfunction is characterized by low activities of CSE, CBS, TST, SO, and increased TBARS. Finally, we demonstrated that pretreatment with NaHS inhibited MA and mitochondria alterations in aged rats exposed to HFD and WIRS, lowered TBARS, and enhanced H2S enzyme activities in contrast to the vehicle-treated group. Mitochondrial integrity alterations, endothelial damage, and redox imbalance are key factors for rat mesenteric adipose tissue damage during advanced age. These alterations and MA hypertrophic changes retain the central for HFD-induced damage. Moreover, H2S signaling contributes to MA and mitochondria redox balance that is crucial for advanced age and HFD injury. The future study of H2S donors’ effects on mesenteric cells is fundamental to define novel therapeutic strategies against metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Revenko
- Department of Physiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Pavlovskiy
- Department of Physiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Maryana Savytska
- Department of Physiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Antonina Yashchenko
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Kovalyshyn
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Ilona Chelpanova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Varyvoda
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Zayachkivska
- Department of Physiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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16
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Cheng M, Tan B, Wu X, Liao F, Wang F, Huang Z. Gut Microbiota Is Involved in Alcohol-Induced Osteoporosis in Young and Old Rats Through Immune Regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:636231. [PMID: 34336709 PMCID: PMC8317599 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.636231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term and excessive alcohol consumption are risk factors for osteoporosis. Excessive drinking can reduce bone density and also cause imbalance of gut microbiota. And gut microbiota can affect bone metabolism through various mechanisms, and the regulation of gut microbiota is closely related to age. However, the effects of gut microbiota on alcohol-induced osteoporosis at different ages are unclear. In this study, young and old rats were used to induce osteoporosis by long-term alcohol consumption, and alcohol metabolism, bone morphology, bone absorption and immune activity of rats were analyzed to determine the effects of alcohol on rats of different ages. In addition, changes of gut microbiota in rats were analyzed to explore the role of gut microbiota in alcohol-induced osteoporosis in rats of different ages. The results showed the ability of alcohol metabolism was only associated with age, but not with alcohol consumption. Long-term alcohol consumption resulted in the changes of bone metabolism regulating hormones, bone loss, activation of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling and inflammatory response. And osteoporosis was more severe in old rats than young rats, suggesting that alcohol-induced osteoporosis is age-related. In addition, long-term drinking also affected the composition of gut microbiota in rats, with a significant increase in the proportion of pro-inflammatory microorganisms. Overall, this study found that long-term alcohol consumption induced osteoporosis and affected the composition of gut microbiota. And alcohol can activate T lymphocytes directly or indirectly by regulating the changes of gut microbiota to produce cytokines, and further activate osteoclasts. In addition, the osteoporosis was more severe in the old rats than young rats, which may be due to the higher diversity and stronger regulation ability of gut microbiota in young rats compared with old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinniu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuoyao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinniu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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17
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Löhr P, Schiele S, Arndt TT, Grützner S, Claus R, Römmele C, Müller G, Schmid C, Dennehy KM, Rank A. Impact of age and gender on lymphocyte subset counts in patients with COVID-19. Cytometry A 2021; 103:127-135. [PMID: 34125495 PMCID: PMC8426831 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In symptomatic patients with acute Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), lymphocytopenia is one of the most prominent laboratory findings. However, to date age and gender have not been considered in assessment of COVID-19-related cell count alterations. In this study, the impact of COVID-19 as well as age and gender on a large variety of lymphocyte subsets was analyzed in 33 COVID-19 patients and compared with cell counts in 50 healthy humans. We confirm that cell counts of total lymphocytes, B, NK, cytotoxic and helper T cells are reduced in patients with severe COVID-19, and this tendency was observed in patients with moderate COVID-19. Decreased cell counts were also found in all subsets of these cell types, except for CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory RA+ (EMRA) and terminal effector CD8+ cells. In multivariate analysis however, we show that in addition to COVID-19, there is an age-dependent reduction of total, central memory (CM), and early CD8+ cell subsets, as well as naïve, CM, and regulatory CD4+ cell subsets. Remarkably, reduced naïve CD8+ cell counts could be attributed to age alone, and not to COVID-19. By contrast, decreases in other subsets could be largely attributed to COVID-19, and only partly to age. In addition to COVID-19, male gender was a major factor influencing lower counts of CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocyte numbers. Our study confirms that cell counts of lymphocytes and their subsets are reduced in patients with COVID-19, but that age and gender must be considered when interpreting the altered cell counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Löhr
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Stefan Schiele
- Institute of MathematicsFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Tim Tobias Arndt
- Institute of MathematicsFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Stefanie Grützner
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and HaemostasisMedical Faculty, University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Rainer Claus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Christoph Römmele
- Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Gernot Müller
- Institute of MathematicsFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Christoph Schmid
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Kevin M. Dennehy
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine and MicrobiologyMedical Faculty, University of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Andreas Rank
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
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18
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Li H, Qu J, Zhu H, Wang J, He H, Xie X, Wu R, Lu Q. Corrigendum: CGRP Regulates the Age-Related Switch Between Osteoblast and Adipocyte Differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:715740. [PMID: 34239880 PMCID: PMC8259016 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.715740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ren Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Li H, Qu J, Zhu H, Wang J, He H, Xie X, Wu R, Lu Q. CGRP Regulates the Age-Related Switch Between Osteoblast and Adipocyte Differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:675503. [PMID: 34124062 PMCID: PMC8187789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.675503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic age-related disease. During aging, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) display increased adipogenic, along with decreased osteogenic, differentiation capacity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSC-derived osteoblasts. Here, we found that the level of CGRP was markedly lower in bone marrow supernatant from aged mice compared with that in young mice. In vitro experiments indicated that CGRP promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs while inhibiting their adipogenic differentiation. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, aged mice treated with CGRP showed a substantial promotion of bone formation and a reduction in fat accumulation in the bone marrow. Similarly, we found that CGRP could significantly enhance bone formation in ovariectomized (OVX) mice in vivo. Together, our results suggested that CGRP may be a key regulator of the age-related switch between osteogenesis and adipogenesis in BMSCs and may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ren Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to survey the prevalence of sarcopenia and the factors that influence its development in Southern Taiwan's community-dwelling aged people. This is an observational cross-sectional study using the 6-meter walking test, body composition, handgrip strength, body measurements, and basic personal information to identify sarcopenia in the participants. This study included 200 participants aged 65 or over living in Taiwan, but excluded the following: 1. people with neuromuscular diseases affecting limb function and balance (such as stroke, Parkinson disease, spinal stenosis, and peripheral nerve compression); 2. people with fractures in the lower extremities or with arthritis, which could affect mobility; 3. people with pacemakers or other medical implant devices; and 4. people who declined to participate in the research and people who could not complete all aspects of the research. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly community is approximately 6.0%. It is less prevalent in females (1.5%) than in males (14.3%). The incidence of sarcopenia increases with age. Significantly related risk factors for sarcopenia are gender, age, smoking, and body mass index (BMI) (P < .05). Further analysis of the risk factors for sarcopenia reveal that the odds ratios (ORs) of having low muscle mass increase with every 1 year in age by a factor of 1.19 (P < .05); those who smoke show a higher incidence than those who do not smoke (OR = 2.69, P < .05). For every 1 kg / m2 increase in BMI, the odds of sarcopenia decrease by a factor of 0.45. For the elderly, the lower the BMI, the higher the risk of sarcopenia. Maintaining good exercise habits and keeping body weight in check might help to prevent sarcopenia by increasing functional ability and improving muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chu Wu
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital
- School of Shu-Zen Junior College Medicine and Management, Luzhu Dist
| | - Hsueh-Hui Kao
- School of Shu-Zen Junior College Medicine and Management, Luzhu Dist
| | - Hong-Jhe Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Pin-Fang Huang
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital
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21
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Nguyen CP, Hirsch M, Kaul S, Woods C, Joffe HV. Testosterone Therapy for the Treatment of Age-Related Hypogonadism: Risks with Uncertain Benefits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:56-60. [PMID: 34041509 PMCID: PMC8142681 DOI: 10.1089/andro.2020.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone replacement therapy has been approved in the United States since the 1950s for men with “classical” hypogonadism. These men have specific and well-recognized hypothalamic, pituitary, or testicular conditions leading to deficient or absent endogenous testosterone. A more controversial treatment population is aging men, many with comorbidities, who have low serum testosterone concentrations compared with young healthy men and who do not have the well-recognized medical conditions that cause “classical” hypogonadism. Testosterone continues to be widely used in these men with “age-related hypogonadism” even though the benefits of testosterone for this use are uncertain and there are important risks, including a potential risk of major adverse cardiac events for the testosterone class, and two testosterone products with increases in blood pressure that can increase the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Given the uncertain clinical benefit of testosterone in men with “age-related hypogonadism” in the face of known and potential adverse outcomes, none of the testosterone products is FDA approved for such use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine P Nguyen
- Division of Urology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Office of New Drugs, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Hirsch
- Division of Urology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Office of New Drugs, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Suresh Kaul
- Division of Urology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Office of New Drugs, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinne Woods
- Division of Epidemiology II, Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Hylton V Joffe
- Office of Rare Diseases, Pediatrics, Urologic and Reproductive Medicine, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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22
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Rojas CV, Olivares JI, Tutor PM, García AM, Sánchez MB. Sternal human variability and population affinity: Frequency of discrete traits and their relationship with sex and age. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 305:284-296. [PMID: 33943019 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sternal morphological variations differ among populations and are influenced by the interaction between inheritance, development, and environment. There are currently no studies that include all variability from a morphogenesis approach following a homogeneous definition. The aims of this study were (a) to develop a standardized method for the anatomical study of the sternum; (b) to analyze the prevalence of the morphological variations and their relationship between sex and age; (c) to compare the results with other populations. The sterna of 155 skeletons from a Spanish population were studied. The age at the time of death was 17 to 97 years. We analyzed two metric and 22 sternal morphological variations described in the literature and designed an illustrated atlas. The atlas was validated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to measure the prevalence and relationship between sex and age. To analyze the interpopulation variability, we compared our results with those from other authors. The atlas with definitions and reference images improves the observation and detection of all morphological variations of the sternum (ICC = 0.90). The dependence between the morphological traits and sex was significant for the variations in the sternal angle, the number of esternebra, and the development of the xiphoid process. No significant differences were found between age group and morphological traits. The expression of the sternal morphological variation and sex are population-specific. The results will help standardize future studies and provide valuable information on the variability of the sternal morphological variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Villoria Rojas
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Anatomía Patológica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Irurita Olivares
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Toxicología y Antropología Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Mata Tutor
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Anatomía Patológica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Muñoz García
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Anatomía Patológica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Benito Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Anatomía Patológica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Ambrož M, de Vries ST, Vart P, Dullaart RPF, Roeters van Lennep J, Denig P, Hoogenberg K. Sex Differences in Lipid Profile across the Life Span in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Primary Care-Based Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081775. [PMID: 33921745 PMCID: PMC8072568 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed sex differences across the life span in the lipid profile of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients treated and not treated with statins. We used the Groningen Initiative to ANalyze Type 2 diabetes Treatment database, which includes T2D patients from the north of the Netherlands. Patients with a full lipid profile determined between 2010 and 2012 were included. We excluded patients treated with other lipid-lowering drugs than statins. Sex differences in low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c and HDL-c) and triglyceride (TG) levels across 11 age groups stratified by statin treatment were assessed using linear regression. We included 26,849 patients (51% women, 55% treated with statins). Without statins, women had significantly lower LDL-c levels than men before the age of 45 years, similar levels between 45 and 49 years, and higher levels thereafter. With statins, similar LDL-c levels were shown up to the age of 55, and higher levels in women thereafter. Women had significantly higher HDL-c levels than men, regardless of age or statin treatment. Men had significantly higher TG levels up to the age of 55 and 60, depending on whether they did not take or took statins, respectively, and similar levels thereafter. When managing cardiovascular risk in patients with T2D, attention is needed for the menopausal status of women and for TG levels in younger men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ambrož
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (S.T.d.V.); (P.V.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sieta T. de Vries
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (S.T.d.V.); (P.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Priya Vart
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (S.T.d.V.); (P.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Robin P. F. Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jeanine Roeters van Lennep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Petra Denig
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (S.T.d.V.); (P.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Klaas Hoogenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Martini Hospital, 9728NT Groningen, The Netherlands;
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24
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Drabbe C, Grünhagen DJ, Van Houdt WJ, Braam PM, Soomers VLMN, Van der Hage JA, De Haan JJ, Keymeulen KBMI, Husson O, Van der Graaf WTA. Diagnosed with a Rare Cancer: Experiences of Adult Sarcoma Survivors with the Healthcare System-Results from the SURVSARC Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040679. [PMID: 33567553 PMCID: PMC7914609 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with rare cancers face obstacles including delays in diagnosis, inadequate treatments and limited scientific evidence to guide decision making. These obstacles may have a unique impact on their experience with the healthcare system and might be different at various ages. Some aspects of care that shape the experience with the healthcare system include information needs, satisfaction with care and supportive care. Very little is known about these aspects of care, specifically for rare cancer patients. Sarcomas are prime examples of rare cancers and are diagnosed at all ages. In this study, we explored the experience of sarcoma patients (N = 1099) with the healthcare system and looked into detail at whether differences in experience existed between age groups. The results of this nationwide study showed that healthcare experiences differ per age group and we identified needs related to the rarity of these tumors, such as improvements concerning (non-)medical guidance and diagnostic intervals. Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the experience of rare cancer patients with the healthcare system and examine differences between age groups (adolescents and young adults (AYA, 18–39 years), older adults (OA, 40–69 years) and elderly (≥70 years)). Dutch sarcoma patients, 2–10 years after diagnosis, completed a questionnaire on their experience with the healthcare system, satisfaction with care, information needs, patient and diagnostic intervals (first symptom to first doctor’s visit and first doctor’s visit to diagnosis, respectively) and received supportive care. In total, 1099 patients completed the questionnaire (response rate 58%): 186 AYAs, 748 OAs and 165 elderly. Many survivors experienced insufficient medical and non-medical guidance (32% and 38%), although satisfaction with care was rated good to excellent by 94%. Both patient and diagnostic intervals were >1 month for over half of the participants and information needs were largely met (97%). AYAs had the longest patient and diagnostic intervals, experienced the greatest lack of (non-)medical guidance, had more desire for patient support groups and used supportive care most often. This nationwide study among sarcoma survivors showed that healthcare experiences differ per age group and identified needs related to the rarity of these tumors, such as improvements concerning (non-)medical guidance and diagnostic intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cas Drabbe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (C.D.); (W.T.A.V.d.G.)
- Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. Grünhagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Winan J. Van Houdt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Pètra M. Braam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Vicky L. M. N. Soomers
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jos A. Van der Hage
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Jacco J. De Haan
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Kristien B. M. I. Keymeulen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Olga Husson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (C.D.); (W.T.A.V.d.G.)
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Winette T. A. Van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (C.D.); (W.T.A.V.d.G.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Drabbe C, Van der Graaf WTA, De Rooij BH, Grünhagen DJ, Soomers VLMN, Van de Sande MAJ, Been LB, Keymeulen KBMI, van der Geest ICM, Van Houdt WJ, Husson O. The age-related impact of surviving sarcoma on health-related quality of life: data from the SURVSARC study. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100047. [PMID: 33516150 PMCID: PMC7844567 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data of sarcoma survivors are scarce and the impact of age remains unclear. The aims of this population-based study were to (i) compare HRQoL scores amongst three age-groups [adolescents and young adults (AYA, aged 18-39 years), older adults (OA, aged 40-69 years) and elderly (aged ≥70 years)]; (ii) compare HRQoL of each sarcoma survivor age group with an age- and sex-matched normative population sample; (iii) determine factors associated with low HRQoL per age group. METHODS Dutch sarcoma survivors, who were 2-10 years after diagnosis, were invited to complete the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30-questions questionnaire on HRQoL. RESULTS In total, 1099 survivors (58% response rate) completed the questionnaire: 186 AYAs, 748 OAs and 165 elderly. The median time since diagnosis for all patients was 5.2 years. Bone sarcomas were seen in 41% of AYAs, 22% of OAs and in 16% of elderly survivors (P < 0.01). AYA and OA survivors reported statistically significant and clinically meaningful worse physical, role, cognitive, emotional and social functioning compared with a matched norm population, which was not the case for elderly survivors. AYAs reported significantly worse scores on emotional and cognitive functioning compared with OA and elderly survivors. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, osteosarcoma and chordoma were the subtypes of which survivors reported the lowest HRQoL scores in comparison with the norm. For all age groups, chemotherapy, having a bone sarcoma and having comorbidities were most frequently associated with low scores on HRQoL subscales, whereas a shorter time since diagnosis was not. CONCLUSION In this nationwide sarcoma survivorship study, the disease and its treatment had relatively more impact on the HRQoL of AYA and OA survivors than on elderly survivors. These results emphasise the need for personalised follow-up care that not only includes risk-adjusted care related to disease relapse, but also age-adjusted care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drabbe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W T A Van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B H De Rooij
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - D J Grünhagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V L M N Soomers
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M A J Van de Sande
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L B Been
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K B M I Keymeulen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - I C M van der Geest
- Department of Orthopaedics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W J Van Houdt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O Husson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, London, UK.
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26
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Zou J, Guo S, Xiong MT, Xu Y, Shao J, Tong Z, Zhang P, Pan L, Peng A, Li X. Ageing as key factor for distant metastasis patterns and prognosis in patients with extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:1575-1582. [PMID: 33613744 PMCID: PMC7890308 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents about 13% of lung cancer cases, which is highly invasive and has a high mortality rate, with the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate being only 6.3%. Age at diagnosis of advanced SCLC is much older, but studies describing the ageing factor for distant metastasis patterns and prognosis of extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) are limited. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, we identified 18,682 patients with ES-SCLC (9,089 women and 9,053 men) who had complete clinical information between 2008 and 2015. Patients were classified into three groups (older group: ≥80 yrs, middle-aged group: 60-79 yrs, and younger group: ≤59 yrs). The role of different age at diagnosis of ES-SCLC (especially older group) in metastasis patterns was investigated, and OS and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of different age groups of metastatic ES-SCLC was assessed. Results: The most metastasis of ES-SCLC patients in the three groups was multiorgan metastases (MOM) metastasis (71.2%, 70.3% and 66.3%, respectively), the most single organ metastasis in the younger group was the lung (3.3%), the middle-aged group and the older group were the brain (3.5%, 3.1%, respectively). The analysis revealed that older patients were less likely to have MOM, but more likely to have all organs metastases than other two groups (p<0.001). Older group had the worst OS (p<0.001) and CSS (p<0.001). Furthermore, Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve survival (p<0.001), but the rate of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in older patients is lower than that in middle-aged and younger patients (50.4% vs 38.6% vs 20.7%, p<0.05). Compared with other two group, older group (odds ratios, ORs) for lung, all organ metastases, and MOM were 0.43 (95% CI 0.27-0.67), 1.77 (95% CI 1.55-2.03), 0.68 (95% CI 0.6-0.77), respectively. Conclusion: The mortality risk is highest with MOM and all organs metastasis followed by brain, lung, bone and liver metastases in elderly ES-SCLC patients. These results will be helpful for pre-treatment evaluation regarding the prognosis of ES-SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shijie Guo
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Meng Ting Xiong
- Department of Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiale Shao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Zhongkai Tong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Long Pan
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Aimei Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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27
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Abstract
COVID-19 is a complex disease with a multifaceted set of disturbances involving several mechanisms of health and disease in the human body. Sex hormones, estrogen, and testosterone, seem to play a major role in its pathogenesis, development, spread, severity, and mortalities. Examination of factors such as age, gender, ethnic background, genetic prevalence, and existing co-morbidities, may disclose the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection, morbidity, and mortality, paving the way for COVID-19 amelioration and substantial flattening of the infection curve. In this mini-review, we focus on the role of testosterone through a discussion of the intricate mechanisms of disease development and deterioration. Accumulated evidence suggests that there are links between high level (normal male level) as well as low level (age-related hypogonadism) testosterone in disease progression and expansion, supporting its role as a double-edged sword. Unresolved questions point to the essential need for further targeted studies to substantiate these contrasting mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny S. Younis
- Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel
- Azrieili Faculty of Medicine in Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- *Correspondence: Johnny S. Younis,
| | - Karl Skorecki
- Azrieili Faculty of Medicine in Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Zaid Abassi
- Department of Physiology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- Laboratory Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
The development of medicines designed for children can be challenging since this distinct patient population requires specific needs. A formulation designed for paediatric patients must consider the following aspects: patient population variability; dose flexibility; route of administration; patient compliance; drug and excipient tolerability. The purpose of this Special Issue entitled "Paediatric Formulation: Design and Development" is to provide an update on both state-of-the-art methodology and operational challenges in the design and development of paediatric formulations. It aims at re-evaluating what is needed for more progress in the design and development of age-appropriate treatments for paediatric diseases, focusing on: formulation development; drug delivery design; efficacy, safety, and tolerability of drugs and excipients. This editorial, briefly, summarizes the objects of nine original research and review papers published in this Special Issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lopalco
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (N.D.); Tel.: +39-080-544-2764 (A.L.); +39-080-544-2767 (N.D.)
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (N.D.); Tel.: +39-080-544-2764 (A.L.); +39-080-544-2767 (N.D.)
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29
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Kinzina ED, Podolskiy DI, Dmitriev SE, Gladyshev VN. Patterns of Aging Biomarkers, Mortality, and Damaging Mutations Illuminate the Beginning of Aging and Causes of Early-Life Mortality. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4276-4284.e3. [PMID: 31875539 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in the probability of death has been a defining feature of aging, yet human perinatal mortality starts high and decreases with age. Previous evolutionary models suggested that organismal aging begins after the onset of reproduction. However, we find that mortality and incidence of diseases associated with aging follow a U-shaped curve with the minimum before puberty, whereas quantitative biomarkers of aging, including somatic mutations and DNA methylation, do not, revealing that aging starts early but is masked by early-life mortality. Moreover, our genetic analyses point to the contribution of damaging mutations to early mortality. We propose that mortality patterns are governed, in part, by negative selection against damaging mutations in early life, manifesting after the corresponding genes are first expressed. Deconvolution of mortality patterns suggests that deleterious changes rather than mortality are the defining characteristic of aging and that aging begins in very early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira D Kinzina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia; Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dmitriy I Podolskiy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sergey E Dmitriev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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30
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Watson H, Lynggård Hansen A, Calusi G, Bartels LE. Musculoskeletal stiffness is common in healthy adults and increases with age. Musculoskeletal Care 2020; 19:3-8. [PMID: 32812344 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE Musculoskeletal stiffness is a common feature in rheumatologic inflammatory diseases but little is known about background joint stiffness in the healthy population. The aim of this survey was to determine the variation in musculoskeletal stiffness with age in a cohort of healthy adults using a patient reported outcome instrument designed to assess stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS Healthy subjects ≥18 years old were enrolled at two sites. Those with a diagnosis of rheumatological disease were excluded. Each subject completed a 21-item questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity of musculoskeletal stiffness, its physical impact and psychosocial impact, and to provide an overall stiffness score, expressed as a percentage. Scores were analyzed by age group. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-two subjects were included with a mean age of 42 years (±17, range 18-85). More than 50% of subjects reported stiffness in each age group but with a low median overall stiffness score of 5.4% (IQR 0, 12.6). Scores were markedly higher in those aged ≥60 years, median 10.0% (IQR 2.6, 21.9), and only in this age group did the majority of subjects report a physical or psychosocial impact of stiffness. Scores in males and females were similar. CONCLUSION The prevalence of musculoskeletal stiffness in healthy subjects of all ages is not negligible, and the high frequency of stiffness and greater severity in the upper age cohort suggest that the background joint stiffness amongst older subjects should be considered when interpreting stiffness in rheumatologic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Watson
- Evotec ID, Virology, Lyon, France.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Amalie Lynggård Hansen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Erik Bartels
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
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Liang J, Engles WG, Smith KD, Dai C, Gan RZ. Mechanical Properties of Baboon Tympanic Membrane from Young to Adult. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2020; 21:395-407. [PMID: 32783162 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical properties of the tympanic membrane (TM) play an important role in sound transmission through the middle ear. While numerous studies have investigated the mechanical properties of the adult human TM, the effects of age on the TM's properties remain unclear because of the limited published data on the TM of young children. To address this deprivation, we used baboons in this study as an animal model for investigating the effect of age on the mechanical properties of the TM. Temporal bones were harvested from baboons (Papio anubis) of four different age groups: less than 1 year, 1-3 years, 3-5 years, and older than 5 years of age or adult. The TM specimens were harvested from baboon temporal bones and cut into rectangle strips along the inferior-superior direction, mainly capturing the influence of the circumferential direction fibers on the TM's mechanical properties. The elasticity, ultimate tensile strength, and relaxation behavior of the baboon TM were measured in each of the four age groups with a mechanical analyzer. The average effective Young's modulus of adult baboon TM was approximately 3.1 MPa, about two times higher than that of a human TM. The Young's moduli of the TM samples demonstrated a 26 % decrease from newborn to adult (from 4.2 to 3.1 MPa). The average ultimate tensile strength of the TMs for all the age groups was ~ 2.5 MPa. There was no significant change in the ultimate tensile strength and relaxation behavior among age groups. The preliminary results reported in this study provide a first step towards understanding the effect of age on the TM mechanical properties from young to adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Liang
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 865 W. Asp Ave., Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Warren G Engles
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 865 W. Asp Ave., Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Kyle D Smith
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 865 W. Asp Ave., Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Chenkai Dai
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 865 W. Asp Ave., Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Rong Z Gan
- School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 865 W. Asp Ave., Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
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Xu Q, Li H, Zhou W, Zou X, Dong X. Age-Related Changes in Serum Lipid Levels, Hepatic Morphology, Antioxidant Status, Lipid Metabolism Related Gene Expression and Enzyme Activities of Domestic Pigeon Squabs ( Columba livia). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1121. [PMID: 32630261 PMCID: PMC7401562 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the age-related changes in antioxidant status and the lipid metabolism of pigeon squabs (Columba livia), by determining the BW, antioxidant indices, serum lipid levels, lipid metabolism-related enzyme activities, lipid metabolism-related gene expression, and liver morphology in squabs. Ten squabs were randomly selected and sampled on the day of hatching (DOH), days 7 (D7), 14 (D14) and 21 (D21) post-hatch, respectively. The results showed that BW of squabs increased linearly from DOH to D21. The minimum fold of BW gain was observed in the phase from D14 to D21. Serum triglyceride and free fatty acid levels displayed linear and quadratic trends as age increased, with these maximum responses in D14. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level responded to age linearly and quadratically with the minimum in D14. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and the ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased linearly with age, whereas the very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level decreased linearly. The activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in liver displayed linear and quadratic trends as age increased, with these minimum responses in D14. Hepatic malondialdehyde concentration responded to age linearly and quadratically, with the maximum in D14. Activities of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase in liver responded to age linearly and quadratically, with these minimum responses in D14. Hepatic hormone-sensitive lipase activity displayed linear and quadratic trends as age increased with the maximum in D14. Hepatic acetyl CoA carboxylase activity on D14 was significantly lower than squabs on DOH and D7. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 mRNA expression responded to age linearly and quadratically, with minimum response in D14. Hepatic mRNA expression of acetyl CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase increased linearly with age. Hepatic Oil-Red-O staining area displayed a quadratic trend as age increased, with the maximum response in D14. In conclusion, the phase from DOH to D14 was a crucial development stage for growth, antioxidant status and lipid metabolism in pigeon squabs. The results suggest it is better to take nutritional manipulation in squabs before D14.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xinyang Dong
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou 310058, China; (Q.X.); (H.L.); (W.Z.); (X.Z.)
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Lyu AR, Kim TH, Park SJ, Shin SA, Jeong SH, Yu Y, Huh YH, Je AR, Park MJ, Park YH. Mitochondrial Damage and Necroptosis in Aging Cochlea. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2505. [PMID: 32260310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is presently untreatable. Previous studies using animal models have suggested mitochondrial damage and programmed cell death to be involved with ARHL. Thus, we further investigated the pathophysiologic role of mitochondria and necroptosis in aged C57BL/6J male mice. Aged mice (20 months old) exhibited a significant loss of hearing, number of hair cells, neuronal fibers, and synaptic ribbons compared to young mice. Ultrastructural analysis of aged cochleae revealed damaged mitochondria with absent or disorganized cristae. Aged mice also showed significant decrease in cochlear blood flow, and exhibited increase in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and 3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3) and the pseudokinase mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Immunofluorescence (IF) assays of cytochrome C oxidase I (COX1) confirmed mitochondrial dysfunction in aged cochleae, which correlated with the degree of mitochondrial morphological damage. IF assays also revealed localization and increased expression of RIPK3 in sensorineural tissues that underwent significant necroptosis (inner and outer hair cells and stria vascularis). Together, our data shows that the aging cochlea exhibits damaged mitochondria, enhanced synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, and provides new evidence of necroptosis in the aging cochlea in in vivo.
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Gu Y, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Liu D, Zhu H, Wen J, Xu X, Chen T, Fan M. Metastasis Patterns and Prognosis of Octogenarians with NSCLC: A Population-based Study. Aging Dis 2020; 11:82-92. [PMID: 32010483 PMCID: PMC6961775 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Age at diagnosis of advanced NSCLC is much older, but studies describing the practice patterns for octogenarians with distant metastasis NSCLC are limited. A retrospective, population-based study using national representative data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program was conducted to evaluate 34 882 NSCLC patients with extrathoracic metastases from 2010 to 2013. Patients were classified into three groups (older group: ≥80 yrs, middle-aged group: 60-79 yrs, and younger group: ≤59 yrs). The role of different age at diagnosis of NSCLC in metastasis patterns was investigated, and survival of different age groups of metastatic NSCLC was assessed. The analysis revealed that older patients were more likely to only have bone or liver metastasis (p< 0.001), but less likely to have brain only metastasis (p<0.001) and multiple metastatic sites (p< 0.001) than other two groups. Age at diagnosis was an independent risk factor for different metastasis types. Older group had the worst overall survival (p<0.001) and cancer-specific survival (p<0.001). Furthermore, older age patients with only bone metastasis had the best cancer specific survival (p<0.05) while younger patients with only brain metastasis had the best prognosis (p<0.001). Over 60% octogenarians with metastatic NSCLC did not receive anti-cancer therapy and had the highest rate of cancer deaths among all patients. Our results may help clinicians make positive decisions regarding personalized treatment of metastatic NSCLC in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhirui Zhou
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Di Liu
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhu
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junmiao Wen
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyan Xu
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- 3Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Min Fan
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Tang X, Huang P, Li Y, Lan J, Yang Z, Xu M, Yi W, Lu L, Wang L, Xu N. Age-Related Changes in the Plasticity of Neural Networks Assessed by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With Electromyography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:469. [PMID: 31708744 PMCID: PMC6822534 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The excitability of cerebral cortical cells, neural pathway, and neural networks, as well as their plasticity, are key to our exploration of age-related changes in brain structure and function. The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electromyography (EMG) can be applied to the primary motor cortex; it activates the underlying neural group and passes through the corticospinal pathway, which can be quantified using EMG. This meta-analysis aimed to analyze changes in cortical excitability and plasticity in healthy elderly individuals vs. young individuals through TMS-EMG. Methods: The Cochrane Library, Medline, and EMBASE databases were searched to identify eligible trials published from database inception to June 3, 2019. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and improved Jadad scale were used to assess the methodological quality. A meta-analysis of the comparative effects was conducted using the Review Manager 5.3 software and Stata 14.0 software. Results: The pooled results revealed that the resting motor threshold values in the elderly group were markedly higher than those reported in the young group (mean difference [MD]: −2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.69 to −1.02]; p < (0.00001). The motor evoked potential amplitude significantly reduced in the elderly group vs. the young group (MD: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.09–0.27; p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was significantly longer motor evoked potential latency in the elderly group (MD: −1.07; 95% CI: −1.77 to −0.37]; p =(0.003). There was no significant difference observed in the active motor threshold between the elderly and young groups (MD: −1.52; 95% CI: −3.47 to −0.42]; p =(0.13). Meanwhile, only two studies reported the absence of adverse events. Conclusion: We found that the excitability of the cerebral cortex declined in elderly individuals vs. young individuals. The findings of the present analysis should be considered with caution owing to the methodological limitations in the included trials. Additional high-quality studies are warranted to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Tang
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peidong Huang
- Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation Institute, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanchao Lan
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Yang
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mindong Xu
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nenggui Xu
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Ke X, Lin J, Li P, Wu Z, Xu R, Ci Z, Yang M, Han L, Zhang D. Transcriptional profiling of genes in tongue epithelial tissue from immature and adult rats by the RNA-Seq technique. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3069-3078. [PMID: 31549403 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Children are more sensitive than adults to bitterness and thus dislike bitter tastes more than adults do. However, why children are more sensitive to bitterness has never been revealed. To elucidate the effects of age on taste perception, a double-bottle preference test was first performed with immature and adult rats. Then, RNA-Seq analysis was performed on tongues obtained from rats of the same ages as those in the double-bottle test. The immature rats exhibited a lower consumption rate of bitter solution than the adult rats. Bioinformatics analysis yielded 1,347 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male adult rats (MARs, 80 days old) and male immature rats (MIRs, 20 days old) and 380 DEGs between female adult rats (FARs, 80 days old) and female immature rats (FIRs, 20 days old). These DEGs were mainly associated with growth, development, differentiation, and extracellular processes, among other mechanisms. According to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, the DEGs were enriched for bitter taste transduction. Specifically, the Gnb3 and TRPM5 genes were downregulated in FARs compared with FIRs and in MARs compared with MIRs, and the protein expression of TRPM5 was significantly downregulated in MARs compared with MIRs. The data presented herein suggest that transcriptional regulation of taste-associated signal transduction occurs differently in tongue epithelial tissue of rats at different ages, although additional analyses are needed to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Junzhi Lin
- Central Laboratory, The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Runchun Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Ci
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Szulakowski M, Mageed M, Steinberg T, Winter K, Gerlach K. Scintigraphic evaluation of cheek teeth in clinically sound horses. Vet Rec 2019; 185:481. [PMID: 31391285 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Dental disorders are one of the top-ranking clinical domains in equine practice. Scintigraphy has emerged as a useful diagnostic imaging modality for equine dental diseases. There is a paucity of the normal scintigraphic uptake and its correlation with age. This prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and pilot-designed study aimed to describe the radioisotope uptake (RU) patterns of the reserved crown and periodontal bone of the maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth (CT) in clinically sound horses and to evaluate the age effect on RU. For this purpose, 60 horses that underwent a bone scintigraphy for reason unrelated to head were included and divided equally into four age groups. Regions of interests (ROIs) were positioned around alveolar and periodontal bone of each maxillary and mandibular CT including their reserve crown, and a reference ROI positioned at the mandibular ramus. The count per pixel of each ROI was measured using a dedicated software and the RU ratio relative to the reference region was calculated. The results showed that the maxillary and mandibular CT had a standard RU pattern, where it increased from rostral to caudal, and peaked in the middle of dental arcades and decreased slightly towards the last CT. The maxillary CT had a higher RU compared with the mandibular CT, and there was no significant difference in the maxillary and mandibular CT uptake between age groups. This information may aid veterinarians evaluating potentially abnormal dental scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szulakowski
- Tierklinik Lüsche GmbH, Bakum, Germany.,Pferdepraxis Niemendal, Rheinbach, Germany
| | | | | | - Karsten Winter
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Gerlach
- University Equine Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Takamura T, Motosugi U, Sasaki Y, Kakegawa T, Sato K, Glaser KJ, Ehman RL, Onishi H. Influence of Age on Global and Regional Brain Stiffness in Young and Middle-Aged Adults. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:727-733. [PMID: 31373136 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An understanding of potential age-related changes in brain stiffness and its regional variation is important for further clinical application of MR elastography. PURPOSE To investigate the effect of age on global and regional brain stiffness in young and middle-aged adults. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Fifty subjects with normal brains and aged in their 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, or 60s (five men, five women per decade). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T MRI and elastography with a vibration frequency of 60 Hz. ASSESSMENT Stiffness was measured in nine brain regions (cerebrum, temporal lobes, sensorimotor areas, frontotemporal composite region, deep gray matter and white matter (deep GM/WM), parietal lobes, occipital lobes, frontal lobes, and cerebellum) using an atlas-based region-of-interest approach. The influence of age on regional brain stiffness was evaluated. STATISTICAL TESTS Multiple linear regression analysis, followed by Dunnett's multiple comparisons test, using subjects in their 20s as controls. RESULTS Following adjustment for sex, multiple linear regression revealed a significant negative correlation between age and stiffness of the cerebrum (P < 0.0001), temporal lobes (P < 0.0001), sensorimotor areas (P < 0.0001), frontotemporal composite region (P < 0.0001), deep GM/WM (P = 0.0028), parietal lobes (P < 0.0001), occipital lobes (P = 0.0055), and frontal lobes (P < 0.0001). Dunnett's multiple comparison test showed that the stiffness of the sensorimotor areas, frontotemporal composite region, and frontal lobes was significantly decreased in subjects in their 40s (P < 0.0367), 50s (P < 0.0001), and 60s (P < 0.0001), while that of the cerebrum, temporal lobes, and parietal lobes was significantly decreased only in subjects in their 50s (P < 0.0012) and 60s (P < 0.0031) when compared with the controls. DATA CONCLUSION There is an age-related decrease in brain stiffness that varies across the different regions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:727-733.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Takamura
- The Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Utaroh Motosugi
- The Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yu Sasaki
- Department of Radiology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kakegawa
- Division of Radiology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sato
- Division of Radiology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kevin J Glaser
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard L Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hiroshi Onishi
- The Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Tang D, Han Y, Lun Y, Jiang H, Xin S, Duan Z, Zhang J. Y chromosome loss is associated with age-related male patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:1227-1241. [PMID: 31413553 PMCID: PMC6662525 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s202188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) demonstrates many features of autoimmune diseases. Y chromosome, sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) gene, androgen receptor (AR) gene, and androgen appear as potential candidates for influence of the male immune function. This study investigated Y chromosome numbers, SRY gene, AR gene, and androgen levels in male AAAs. We also investigated the correlation between Y chromosome loss (LOY) ratio, SRY expression, androgen levels, and age. Patients and methods We investigated LOY by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 37 AAAs and compared with 12 patients with abdominal aortic atherosclerotic occlusive disease (AOD) and 91 healthy controls (HC). We investigated SRY and AR expression at mRNA level by real-time PCR in peripheral T lymphocytes in AAA compared with AOD and HC, and AR protein levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in AAA. LOY, SRY expression, androgen levels, and age were examined for correlations using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results LOY ratio in peripheral T lymphocytes was significantly higher in the AAA group compared with the HC (9.11% vs 5.56%, P<0.001) and AOD groups (9.11% vs 6.42%, P=0.029). The SRY mRNA expression in peripheral T lymphocytes was 4.7-fold lower expressed in the AAA group than in the HC group (P<0.001). Free plasma testosterone levels were lower in the AAA group compared with the HC group (P=0.036), whereas sex hormone-binding globulin levels were higher (P=0.020). LOY ratio and expression of SRY mRNA level increased with age in the AAA group (R=0.402 and, R=0.366, respectively). A significant correlation between AR mRNA level (R=0.692) and aortic diameter was detected. Simultaneously, in AAA tissue, the rate of LOY increased with age (R=0.547) and also positively associated with LOY in peripheral blood T lymphocytes (R=0.661). Conclusion This study identified a prominent Y chromosome loss in male AAAs, which is correlated to age, lower level of SRY expression and free testosterone, providing a new clue for the mechanisms of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjun Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshuo Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiquan Duan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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40
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Wink AM. Eigenvector Centrality Dynamics From Resting-State fMRI: Gender and Age Differences in Healthy Subjects. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:648. [PMID: 31316335 PMCID: PMC6609310 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing use of functional brain network properties as markers of brain disorders, efficient visualization and evaluation methods have become essential. Eigenvector centrality mapping (ECM) of functional MRI (fMRI) data enables the representation of per-node graph theoretical measures as brain maps. This paper studies the use of centrality dynamics for measuring group differences in imaging studies. Imaging data were used from a publicly available imaging study, which included resting fMRI data. After warping the images to a standard space and masking cortical regions, ECM were computed in a sliding window. The dual regression method was used to identify dynamic centrality differences inside well-known resting-state networks between gender and age groups. Gender-related differences were found in the medial and lateral visual, motor, default mode, and executive control RSN, where male subjects had more consistent centrality variations within the network. Age-related differences between the youngest and oldest subjects, based on a median split, were found in the medial visual, executive control and left frontoparietal networks, where younger subjects had more consistent centrality variations within the network. Our findings show that centrality dynamics can be used to identify between-group functional brain network centrality differences, and that age and gender distributions studies need to be taken into account in functional imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alle Meije Wink
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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41
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Colon E, Ludwick A, Wilcox SL, Youssef AM, Danehy A, Fair DA, Lebel AA, Burstein R, Becerra L, Borsook D. Migraine in the Young Brain: Adolescents vs. Young Adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:87. [PMID: 30967767 PMCID: PMC6438928 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a disease that peaks in late adolescence and early adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate age-related brain changes in resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in migraineurs vs. age-sex matched healthy controls at two developmental stages: adolescence vs. young adulthood. The effect of the disease was assessed within each developmental group and age- and sex-matched healthy controls and between developmental groups (migraine-related age effects). Globally the within group comparisons indicated more widespread abnormal rs-FC in the adolescents than in the young adults and more abnormal rs-FC associated with sensory networks in the young adults. Direct comparison of the two groups showed a number of significant changes: (1) more connectivity changes in the default mode network in the adolescents than in the young adults; (2) stronger rs-FC in the cerebellum network in the adolescents in comparison to young adults; and (3) stronger rs-FC in the executive and sensorimotor network in the young adults. The duration and frequency of the disease were differently associated with baseline intrinsic connectivity in the two groups. fMRI resting state networks demonstrate significant changes in brain function at critical time point of brain development and that potentially different treatment responsivity for the disease may result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Colon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Allison Ludwick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sophie L Wilcox
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrew M Youssef
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy Danehy
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alyssa A Lebel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Rami Burstein
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lino Becerra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, MA, United States
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Zheng H, Wang L, Zeng S, Chen J, Wang H, Yu J, Gong X, Jiang H, Yang X, Qi X, Wang Y, Lu L, Hu M, Zhu L, Liu Z. Age-related changes in hepatic expression and activity of drug metabolizing enzymes in male wild-type and breast cancer resistance protein knockout mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2018; 39:344-353. [PMID: 30016542 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal age-related changes in the expression and activity of seven hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in male wild-type and breast cancer resistance protein knockout (Bcrp1-/- ) FVB mice. The protein expression of four cytochrome P450 (Cyps) (Cyp3a11, 2d22, 2e1, and 1a2), and three UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (Ugts) (Ugt1a1, 1a6a, and 1a9) in liver microsomes of wild-type and Bcrp1-/- FVB mice at different ages were determined using a validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method. The activities and mRNA levels of these DMEs were measured using the probe substrates method and real-time PCR, respectively. In the liver of wild-type FVB mice, Cyp3a11, 2d22, 2e1, 1a2, Ugt1a1, and 1a6a displayed maximum protein levels at 6-9 weeks of age. Cyp1a2, Ugt1a1, 1a6a, and 1a9 showed maximum activities at 6-9 weeks of age, whereas Cyp3a11, 2d22, and 2e1 showed maximum activities in 1-3-week-old mice. Additionally, most of the DMEs showed maximum mRNA levels in 17-week-old mice liver. Compared with wild-type FVB mice, the protein levels of these DMEs showed no significant changes in Bcrp1-/- FVB mice liver. However, the activity of Cyp2e1 was increased and that of Cyp2d22 was decreased. In conclusion, the seven hepatic DMEs in FVB mice liver showed significant alterations in an isoform-specific manner with increased age. Although the protein levels of these DMEs showed no significant changes, the activities of Cyp2e1 and 2d22 were changed in Bcrp1-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Zheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | | | | | - Haojia Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xia Gong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Huangyu Jiang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
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43
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Truscott RJW, Friedrich MG. Can the Fact That Myelin Proteins Are Old and Break down Explain the Origin of Multiple Sclerosis in Some People? J Clin Med 2018; 7:E281. [PMID: 30223497 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries may change the way that multiple sclerosis (MS) is viewed, particularly with regard to the reasons for the untoward immune response. The fact that myelin proteins are long-lived, and that by the time we are adults, they are extensively degraded, alters our perspective on the reasons for the onset of autoimmunity and the origin of MS. For example, myelin basic protein (MBP) from every human brain past the age of 20 years, is so greatly modified, that it is effectively a different protein from the one that was laid down in childhood. Since only a subset of people with such degraded MBP develop MS, a focus on understanding the mechanism of immune responses to central nervous system (CNS) antigens and cerebral immune tolerance appear to be worthwhile avenues to explore. In accord with this, it will be productive to examine why all people, whose brains contain large quantities of a "foreign antigen", do not develop MS. Importantly for the potential causation of MS, MBP from MS patients breaks down differently from the MBP in aged controls. If the novel structures formed in these MS-specific regions are particularly antigenic, it could help explain the origin of MS. If verified, these findings could provide an avenue for the rational synthesis of drugs to prevent and treat MS.
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Illescas O, Gomez-Verjan JC, García-Velázquez L, Govezensky T, Rodriguez-Sosa M. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor -173 G/C Polymorphism: A Global Meta-Analysis across the Disease Spectrum. Front Genet 2018; 9:55. [PMID: 29545822 PMCID: PMC5839154 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine that plays a role in several metabolic and inflammatory processes. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -173 G/C (rs755622) on MIF gene has been associated with numerous diseases, such as arthritis and cancer. However, most of the reports concerning the association of MIF with these and other pathologies are inconsistent and remain quite controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis from 96 case-control studies on -173 G/C MIF SNP and stratified the data according to the subjects geographic localization or the disease pathophysiology, in order to determine a more meaningful significance to this SNP. The polymorphism was strongly associated with an increased risk in autoimmune-inflammatory, infectious and age-related diseases on the dominant (OR: 0.74 [0.58-0.93], P < 0.01; OR: 0.81 [0.74-0.89], P < 0.0001; and OR: 0.81 [0.76-0.87], P < 0.0001, respectively) and the recessive models (OR: 0.74 [0.57-0.095], P < 0.01; OR: 0.66 [0.48-0.92], P < 0.0154; and OR: 0.70 [0.60-0.82], P < 0.0001, respectively). Also, significant association was found in the geographic localization setting for Asia, Europe and Latin America subdivisions in the dominant (OR: 0.76 [0.69-0.84], P < 0.0001; OR: 0.77 [0.72-0.83], P < 0.0001; OR: 0.61 [0.44-0.83], P-value: 0.0017, respectively) and overdominant models (OR: 0.85 [0.77-0.94], P < 0.0001; OR: 0.80 [0.75-0.86], P < 0.0001; OR: 0.73 [0.63-0.85], P-value: 0.0017, respectively). Afterwards, we implemented a network meta-analysis to compare the association of the polymorphism for two different subdivisions. We found a stronger association for autoimmune than for age-related or autoimmune-inflammatory diseases, and stronger association for infectious than for autoimmune-inflammatory diseases. We report for the first time a meta-analysis of rs755622 polymorphism with a variety of stratified diseases and populations. The study reveals a strong association of the polymorphism with autoimmune and infectious diseases. These results may help direct future research on MIF-173 G/C in diseases in which the relation is clearer and thus assist the search for more plausible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Illescas
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Juan C. Gomez-Verjan
- División de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth García-Velázquez
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tzipe Govezensky
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico
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45
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration is unclear, but it is a major cause of several spinal diseases. Animal models have historically provided an appropriate benchmark for understanding the human spine. However, there is little information about when intervertebral disc degeneration begins in the mouse or regarding the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging and histological findings. The aim for this study was to obtain information about age-related spontaneous intervertebral disc degeneration in the mouse lumbar spine using magnetic resonance imaging and a histological score regarding when the intervertebral disc degeneration started and how rapidly it progressed, as well as how our histological score detected the degeneration. The magnetic resonance imaging index yielded a moderate correlation with our Age-related model score. The Pfirrmann grade and magnetic resonance imaging index had moderate correlations with age. However, our Age-related model score had a high correlation with age. Intervertebral disc level was not a significant variable for the severity of disc degeneration. Both Pfirrmann grade and the Age-related model score were higher in the ≥14-month-old group than in the 6-month-old group. The present results indicated that mild but significant intervertebral disc degeneration occurred in 14-month-old mice, and the degree of degeneration progressed slowly, reaching a moderate to severe condition for 22-month-old mice. At least a 14-month follow-up is mandatory for evaluating spontaneous age-related mouse intervertebral disc degeneration. The histological classification score can precisely detect the gradual progression of age-related spontaneous intervertebral disc degeneration in the mouse lumbar spine, and is appropriate for evaluating it. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:224-232, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohnishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hideki Sudo
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takeru Tsujimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Wang K, Chen X, Bird VY, Gerke TA, Manini TM, Prosperi M. Association between age-related reductions in testosterone and risk of prostate cancer-An analysis of patients' data with prostatic diseases. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1783-1793. [PMID: 28699177 PMCID: PMC6169522 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between serum total testosterone and prostate cancer (PCa) risk is controversial. The hypothesis that faster age-related reduction in testosterone is linked with increased PCa risk remains untested. We conducted our study at a tertiary-level hospital in southeast of the USA, and derived data from the Medical Registry Database of individuals that were diagnosed of any prostate-related disease from 2001 to 2015. Cases were those diagnosed of PCa and had one or more measurements of testosterone prior to PCa diagnosis. Controls were those without PCa and had one or more testosterone measurements. Multivariable logistic regression models for PCa risk of absolute levels (one-time measure and 5-year average) and annual change in testosterone were respectively constructed. Among a total of 1,559 patients, 217 were PCa cases, and neither one-time measure nor 5-year average of testosterone was found to be significantly associated with PCa risk. Among the 379 patients with two or more testosterone measurements, 27 were PCa cases. For every 10 ng/dL increment in annual reduction of testosterone, the risk of PCa would increase by 14% [adjusted odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.25]. Compared to patients with a relatively stable testosterone, patients with an annual testosterone reduction of more than 30 ng/dL had 5.03 [95% CI: 1.53, 16.55] fold increase in PCa risk. This implies a faster age-related reduction in, but not absolute level of serum total testosterone as a risk factor for PCa. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Xinguang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Victoria Y. Bird
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Travis A. Gerke
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Todd M. Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mattia Prosperi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Huo YJ, Guo Y, Li L, Wang HZ, Wang YX, Thomas R, Wang NL. Age-related changes in and determinants of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in normal Chinese adults. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2017; 46:400-406. [PMID: 28898515 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Consideration of age-related changes in macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness are important for glaucoma progression analysis. BACKGROUND To report age-related changes in and the determinants of high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) measurements of mGCIPL thickness. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS 326 healthy adults. METHODS All subjects underwent Cirrus HD-OCT measurements of mGCIPL. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare mGCIPL thickness between 7 decades based age groups and macular sectors. Multiple regression analysis determined the association between mGCIPL thickness and age, gender, intraocular pressure (IOP), peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL) and spherical equivalent. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in mGCIPL thickness and determinants of thickness. RESULTS Mean mGCIPL thickness in 295 subjects was 80.80 ± 6.42 μm. Mean mGCIPL decreased by 0.12 μm (95% CI [confidence interval], 0.09-0.16) with every year of age; 1.61 μm (95% CI, 0.08-2.41) per decade. It showed two steep declines with age, first in the fifth and next in the seventh decade with relative stability between them. mGCIPL thickness was associated with pRNFL thickness (β = 0.30, P < 0.001) and IOP (β = -0.19, P = 0.03) but not with gender (β = -1.09, P = 0.116) or spherical equivalent (β = -0. 24, P = 0.145). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Mean mGCIPL thickness showed a small age-related linear decrease with two steep drops in the fifth and seventh decades. Thinner mGCIPL was independently associated with age, thinner pRNFL and higher IOP. These factors should be considered if using mGCIPL to detect progression of glaucoma and other optic neuropathies characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan J Huo
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Huai Z Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ravi Thomas
- Queensland Eye Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China
| | - Ning L Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China
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48
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Hodes RJ, Sierra F, Austad SN, Epel E, Neigh GN, Erlandson KM, Schafer MJ, LeBrasseur NK, Wiley C, Campisi J, Sehl ME, Scalia R, Eguchi S, Kasinath BS, Halter JB, Cohen HJ, Demark-Wahnefried W, Ahles TA, Barzilai N, Hurria A, Hunt PW. Disease drivers of aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1386:45-68. [PMID: 27943360 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It has long been known that aging, at both the cellular and organismal levels, contributes to the development and progression of the pathology of many chronic diseases. However, much less research has examined the inverse relationship-the contribution of chronic diseases and their treatments to the progression of aging-related phenotypes. Here, we discuss the impact of three chronic diseases (cancer, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes) and their treatments on aging, putative mechanisms by which these effects are mediated, and the open questions and future research directions required to understand the relationships between these diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Elissa Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Marissa J Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Mary E Sehl
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Tim A Ahles
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Arti Hurria
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Peter W Hunt
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
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49
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Shi C, Zhang D, Xiao Z, Wang L, Ma R, Chen H, Luo L. Ultrahigh b-values MRI in normal human prostate: Initial research on reproducibility and age-related differences. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 46:801-812. [PMID: 28267238 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the reproducibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with ultrahigh b-values, and analyze the age-related differences in normal prostates. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 67 healthy participants were divided into three age groups (group A, 15-30 years; group B, 31-50 years; group C, ≥51 years), and underwent DWI scanning twice with 15 b-factors from 0 to 3000 at 3.0T. Triexponential fits were applied to calculate the molecular diffusion coefficient (D), the pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), the ultrahigh apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCuh ), and perfusion fraction (f). The interobserver and short-term interscan reproducibility were evaluated, and the change in these parameters with age were assessed. RESULTS The D, ADCuh , and f values presented good to excellent reproducibility. With increasing age, a trend of increasing D values was observed, with significant difference in both peripheral zone (PZ, P = 0.01) and central gland (CG, P = 0.01) of normal prostate tissue. The f value increased in the CG beginning at 50 years of age while the ADCuh value decreased in the PZ after 50 years of age; all of them showed significant differences between groups A and C and groups B and C (P = 0.01/0.01). CONCLUSION The D, ADCuh , and f values have good to excellent reproducibility in the normal prostate, and these values change with age. The ultrahigh b-values magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide additional information (ADCuh ), which is different from the IVIM (intravoxel incoherent motion)-derived parameters. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:801-812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Rong Ma
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Chatzistefanou KI, Samara C, Asproudis I, Brouzas D, Moschos MM, Tsianta E, Piaditis G. Subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse and thyroid associated orbitopathy: a clinical association. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:359-366. [PMID: 28243072 PMCID: PMC5315218 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s118955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) comprises a spectrum of well-recognized clinical signs including exophthalmos, eyelid retraction, soft tissue swelling, ocular misalignment, keratopathy as well as a number of less common manifestations. Subconjunctival fat prolapse is a rare clinical condition occurring typically spontaneously in elderly patients with a mean age of 65–72 years. We describe subconjunctival prolapse of orbital fat as an uncommon clinical association of TAO. Materials and methods Observational study of six patients presenting with a subconjunctival protrusion under the lateral canthus in a series of 198 consecutive cases with TAO examined at a tertiary care referral center. Results A superotemporally located yellowish, very soft, freely mobile subconjunctival protrusion developed unilaterally in two and bilaterally in four patients with TAO (incidence 3.03%). It was one of the presenting manifestations of TAO in four of ten eyes studied and incited the diagnostic work-up for TAO in two of six patients in this series. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit indicated fat density in continuity with intraorbital fat in the area of protrusion. A male to female preponderance of 4:2 and an advanced mean age at onset of TAO is noteworthy for these six patients compared to the pool of 192 patients (64.8 versus 51.8 years, respectively, P=0.003) not bearing this sign. Conclusion Subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse, a clinically impressive age-related ocular lesion, may occasionally predominate amid other clinical manifestations of TAO. It is a nonspecific sign developing most commonly among patients with a relatively advanced age at presentation. Awareness of this association may alert to the diagnosis of thyroid orbitopathy and reassure the patient and physician as to the benign character of the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klio I Chatzistefanou
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Asproudis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Brouzas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Marilita M Moschos
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Tsianta
- First Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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