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Yagofarov MI, Bolmatenkov DN, Notfullin AA, Sokolov AA, Balakhontsev IS, Mukhametzyanov TA, Solomonov BN. Phase Transition Thermodynamics of 1,3,5-Tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene: Theory and Experiment. Molecules 2024; 29:2180. [PMID: 38792042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
1,3,5-Tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene is an organic non-electrolyte with notable stability of an amorphous phase. Its glassy and supercooled liquid states were previously studied by spectroscopic and calorimetric methods. Despite the continuing interest in its amorphous state and, particularly, vapor-deposited glasses, the thermodynamic parameters of the vaporization of 1,3,5-tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene have not been obtained yet. Likewise, the reliable evaluation of the thermodynamic parameters of fusion below the melting point, required to establish the thermodynamic state of its glass, is still an unsolved problem. In this work, the heat capacities of crystalline and liquid phases, the temperature dependence of the saturated vapor pressures, fusion and vaporization enthalpies were determined using differential and fast scanning calorimetry and were verified using the estimates based on solution calorimetry. The structural features of 1,3,5-tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene are discussed based on the computations performed and the data on the molecular refractivity. The consistency between the values obtained by independent techniques was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I Yagofarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitrii N Bolmatenkov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Airat A Notfullin
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrey A Sokolov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilya S Balakhontsev
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Timur A Mukhametzyanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Boris N Solomonov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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2
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Shahin MB, Liaqat S, Nancarrow P, McCormack SJ. Crystal Phase Ionic Liquids for Energy Applications: Heat Capacity Prediction via a Hybrid Group Contribution Approach. Molecules 2024; 29:2130. [PMID: 38731621 PMCID: PMC11085896 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In the selection and design of ionic liquids (ILs) for various applications, including heat transfer fluids, thermal energy storage materials, fuel cells, and solvents for chemical processes, heat capacity is a key thermodynamic property. While several attempts have been made to develop predictive models for the estimation of the heat capacity of ILs in their liquid phase, none so far have been reported for the ILs' solid crystal phase. This is particularly important for applications where ILs will be used for thermal energy storage in the solid phase. For the first time, a model has been developed and used for the prediction of crystal phase heat capacity based on extending and modifying a previously developed hybrid group contribution model (GCM) for liquid phase heat capacity. A comprehensive database of over 5000 data points with 71 unique crystal phase ILs, comprising 42 different cations and 23 different anions, was used for parameterization and testing. This hybrid model takes into account the effect of the anion core, cation core, and subgroups within cations and anions, in addition to the derived indirect parameters that reflect the effects of branching and distribution around the core of the IL. According to the results, the developed GCM can reliably predict the crystal phase heat capacity with a mean absolute percentage error of 6.78%. This study aims to fill this current gap in the literature and to enable the design of ILs for thermal energy storage and other solid phase applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moh’d Basel Shahin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.B.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Shehzad Liaqat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.B.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Paul Nancarrow
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.B.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Sarah J. McCormack
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
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Růžička K, Štejfa V, Červinka C, Fulem M, Šturala J. Thermodynamic Study of N-Methylformamide and N, N-Dimethyl-Formamide. Molecules 2024; 29:1110. [PMID: 38474622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An extensive thermodynamic study of N-methylformamide (CAS RN: 123-39-7) and N,N-dimethylformamide (CAS RN: 68-12-2), is presented in this work. The liquid heat capacities of N-methylformamide were measured by Tian-Calvet calorimetry in the temperature interval (250-300) K. The vapor pressures for N-methylformamide and N,N-dimethylformamide were measured using static method in the temperature range 238 K to 308 K. The ideal-gas thermodynamic properties were calculated using a combination of the density functional theory (DFT) and statistical thermodynamics. A consistent thermodynamic description was developed using the method of simultaneous correlation, where the experimental and selected literature data for vapor pressures, vaporization enthalpies, and liquid phase heat capacities and the calculated ideal-gas heat capacities were treated together to ensure overall thermodynamic consistency of the results. The resulting vapor pressure equation is valid from the triple point to the normal boiling point temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Květoslav Růžička
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Štejfa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ctirad Červinka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Fulem
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šturala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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Růžička K, Pokorný V, Plutnar J, Plutnarová I, Wu B, Sofer Z, Sedmidubský D. Heat Capacity of Indium or Gallium Sesqui-Chalcogenides. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:361. [PMID: 38255536 PMCID: PMC10817357 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The chalcogenides of p-block elements constitute a significant category of materials with substantial potential for advancing the field of electronic and optoelectronic devices. This is attributed to their exceptional characteristics, including elevated carrier mobility and the ability to fine-tune band gaps through solid solution formation. These compounds exhibit diverse structures, encompassing both three-dimensional and two-dimensional configurations, the latter exemplified by the compound In2Se3. Sesqui-chalcogenides were synthesized through the direct reaction of highly pure elements within a quartz ampoule. Their single-phase composition was confirmed using X-ray diffraction, and the morphology and chemical composition were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The compositions of all six materials were also confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. This investigation delves into the thermodynamic properties of indium and gallium sesqui-chalcogenides. It involves low-temperature heat capacity measurements to evaluate standard entropies and Tian-Calvet calorimetry to elucidate the temperature dependence of heat capacity beyond the reference temperature of 298.15 K, as well as the enthalpy of formation assessed from DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Květoslav Růžička
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Václav Pokorný
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.R.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského Nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (I.P.); (B.W.); (Z.S.)
| | - Iva Plutnarová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (I.P.); (B.W.); (Z.S.)
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (I.P.); (B.W.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (I.P.); (B.W.); (Z.S.)
| | - David Sedmidubský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (I.P.); (B.W.); (Z.S.)
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Liu H, Kahlenberg V, Krüger H, Dachs E, Benisek A. Investigations on the polymorphism of K 4CaSi 6O 15 at elevated temperatures. J Am Ceram Soc 2023; 106:7109-7122. [PMID: 38529009 PMCID: PMC10962641 DOI: 10.1111/jace.19310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, single crystals and polycrystalline material of K4CaSi6O15 were prepared from solid-state reactions between stoichiometric mixtures of the corresponding oxides/carbonates. Heat capacity (C p) measurements above room temperature using a differential scanning calorimeter indicated that two thermal effects occurred at approximately T 1 = 462 K and T 2 = 667 K, indicating the presence of structural phase transitions. The standard third-law entropy of K4CaSi6O15 was determined from low-temperature C p's measured by relaxation calorimetry using a Physical Properties Measurement System and amounts to S°(298K) = 524.3 ± 3.7 J·mol-1·K-1. For the 1st transition, the enthalpy change ΔH tr1 = 1.48 kJ·mol and the entropy change ΔS tr1 = 3.25 J·mol-1·K-1, whereas ΔH tr2 = 3.33 kJ·mol-1 and ΔS tr2 = 5.23 J·mol-1·K-1 were determined for the 2nd transition. The compound was further characterized by in-situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction between ambient temperature and 1063 K. At 773 K, the high-temperature phase stable above T 2 has the following basic crystallographic data: monoclinic symmetry, space group P21/c, a = 6.9469(4) Å, b = 9.2340(5) Å, c = 12.2954(6) Å, β = 93.639(3)°, V = 787.13(7) Å3, Z = 2. It belongs to the group of interrupted framework silicates and is based on tertiary (Q3-type) [SiO4]-tetrahedra. Together with the octahedrally coordinated Ca-cations, a three-dimensional mixed polyhedral network structure is formed, in which the remaining K-ions provide charge balance by occupying voids within the net. The intermediate temperature modification stable between T 1 and T 2 shows a (3+2)-dimensional incommensurately modulated structure that is characterized by the following q-vectors: q1 = (0.057, 0.172, 0.379), q2 = (-0.057, 0.172, -0.379). The crystal structures of the high- and the previously studied ambient temperature polymorph (space group Pc) are topologically equivalent and show a group-subgroup relationship. The index of the low- in the high-symmetry group is six and involves both, losses in translation as well as point group symmetry. The distortion is based on shifts of the different atom species and tilts of the 4- and 6-fold coordination polyhedra. Actually, for some of the oxygen atoms, the displacements exceed 0.5 Å. A more detailed analysis of the distortions relating to both structures has been performed using mode analysis, which revealed that the primary distortion mode transforms according to the Λ1 irreducible representation of P21/c. However, other modes with smaller distortion amplitudes are also involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- Institute of Mineralogy and PetrographyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Volker Kahlenberg
- Institute of Mineralogy and PetrographyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Hannes Krüger
- Institute of Mineralogy and PetrographyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Edgar Dachs
- Department of Materials Science and PhysicsUniversity of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
| | - Artur Benisek
- Department of Materials Science and PhysicsUniversity of SalzburgSalzburgAustria
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Chua BH, Gloesener E, Choukroun M, Vu TH, Melwani Daswani M, Journaux B, Styczinski MJ, Vance SD. Low-Temperature Specific Heat Capacity of Water-Ammonia Mixtures Down to the Eutectic. ACS Earth Space Chem 2023; 7:1971-1979. [PMID: 37876662 PMCID: PMC10591500 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Robust thermodynamic data are essential for the development of geodynamic and geochemical models of ocean worlds. The water-ammonia system is of interest in the study of ocean worlds due to its purported abundance in the outer solar system, geological implications, and potential importance for origins of life. In support of developing new equations of state, we conducted 1 bar specific heat capacity measurements (Cp) using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at low temperatures (184-314 K) and low mass fractions of ammonia (5.2-26.9 wt %) to provide novel data in the parameter space most relevant for planetary studies. This is the first known set of data with sufficient fidelity to investigate the trend of specific heat capacity with respect to temperature. The obtained Cp in the liquid phase domain above the liquidus generally increases with temperature. Deviations of our data from the currently adopted equation of state by Tillner-Roth and Friend[Tillner-Roth R.; Friend D. G.J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data1998, 27, 63-96]. are generally negative (ranging from +1 to -10%) and larger at lower temperatures. This result suggests that suppression of the critical behavior of supercooled water (rapid increase in specific heat with decreasing temperature) by ammonia starts at a smaller concentration than that set by Tillner-Roth and Friend.[Tillner-Roth R.; Friend D. G.J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data1998, 27, 63-96]. Cp measurements of the liquid were also obtained in the partial melting domain between the eutectic and liquidus. This novel data set will be useful in future investigations of conditions where such partial melt may exist, such as the ice shell-ocean boundary or the interiors of ocean worlds that may contain relatively large proportions of dissolved ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hong Chua
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Asian
School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological
University, 50 Nanyang
Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Elodie Gloesener
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Mathieu Choukroun
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Tuan H. Vu
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Mohit Melwani Daswani
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Baptiste Journaux
- Department
of Earth and Space Sciences, University
of Washington, 4000 15th Ave NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Marshall J. Styczinski
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Steven D. Vance
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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7
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Sokolov AA, Yagofarov MI, Balakhontsev IS, Nizamov II, Mukhametzyanov TA, Solomonov BN, Yurkshtovich YN, Stepurko EN. Thermodynamic Properties of 3- and 4-Ethoxyacetanilides between 80 and 480 K. Molecules 2023; 28:7027. [PMID: 37894506 PMCID: PMC10609036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the thermodynamic properties of 3-and 4-ethoxyacetanilides. The heat capacities in crystalline, liquid, and supercooled liquid states from 80 to 475 K were obtained using adiabatic, differential scanning (DSC), and fast scanning (FSC) calorimetries. The fusion enthalpies at Tm were combined from DSC measurement results and the literature data. The fusion enthalpies at 298.15 K were evaluated in two independent ways: adjusted according to Kirchhoff's law of thermochemistry, and using Hess' law. For the latter approach, the enthalpies of the solution in DMF in crystalline and supercooled liquid states were derived. The values obtained by the two methods are consistent with each other. The standard thermodynamic functions (entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs energy) between 80 and 470 K were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Sokolov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Mikhail I Yagofarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilya S Balakhontsev
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilyas I Nizamov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Timur A Mukhametzyanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Boris N Solomonov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Elena N Stepurko
- Chemistry Department, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
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Chadda R, Lee T, Mahoney-Kruszka R, Kelley EG, Bernhardt N, Sandal P, Robertson JL. A thermodynamic analysis of CLC transporter dimerization in lipid bilayers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305100120. [PMID: 37788312 PMCID: PMC10576108 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The CLC-ec1 chloride/proton antiporter is a membrane-embedded homodimer with subunits that can dissociate and associate, but the thermodynamic driving forces favor the assembled dimer at biological densities. Yet, the physical reasons for this stability are confounding as dimerization occurs via the burial of hydrophobic interfaces away from the lipid solvent. For binding of nonpolar surfaces in aqueous solution, the driving force is often attributed to the hydrophobic effect, but this should not apply in the membrane since there is very little water. To investigate this further, we quantified the thermodynamic changes associated with CLC dimerization in membranes by carrying out a van 't Hoff analysis of the temperature dependency of the free energy of dimerization, ΔG°. To ensure that the reaction reached equilibrium at different temperatures, we utilized a Förster resonance energy transfer assay to report on relaxation kinetics of subunit exchange as a function of temperature. Equilibration times were then applied to measure CLC-ec1 dimerization isotherms at different temperatures using the single-molecule subunit-capture photobleaching analysis approach. The results demonstrate that the dimerization free energy of CLC in Escherichia coli-like membranes exhibits a nonlinear temperature dependency corresponding to a large, negative change in heat capacity, a signature of solvent ordering effects such as the hydrophobic effect. Consolidating this with our previous molecular analyses suggests that the nonbilayer defect required to solvate the monomeric state is one source of the observed change in heat capacity and indicates the existence of a generalizable driving force for protein association in membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chadda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO63130
| | - Robyn Mahoney-Kruszka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Elizabeth G. Kelley
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD20899
| | - Nathan Bernhardt
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20894
| | - Priyanka Sandal
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Janice L. Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
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9
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Zheng H, Luo J, Wang X, Yin N, Zhang B, Gao X, Zhang Z, Shi Q, Liu J. Magnetic Property, Heat Capacity and Crystal Structure of Mononuclear Compounds Based on Substitute Tetrazole Ligand. Molecules 2023; 28:6633. [PMID: 37764409 PMCID: PMC10535496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three mononuclear compounds formulated as {M[(2-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine]2(H2O)2} (M = FeII (1), CoII (2), CuII (3)) were reported and synthesized. Their space group is monoclinic, P21/c, revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Antiferromagnetic interactions exist in Compounds 1, 2 and 3, as evidenced by magnetic and low-temperature heat capacity measurements. In addition, their thermodynamic functions were determined by a relaxation calorimeter, indicating that Compound 1 exhibits a Schottky anomaly in low-temperature heat capacity. This work can provide an important fundamental basis for the research of the thermophysical properties of molecular-based magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jipeng Luo
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Energy Materials Thermodynamics, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Thermochemistry for Energy and Materials, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Q.S.)
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Nan Yin
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Energy Materials Thermodynamics, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Thermochemistry for Energy and Materials, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Q.S.)
| | - Beibei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xuezhen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zongzheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Quan Shi
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Energy Materials Thermodynamics, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Thermochemistry for Energy and Materials, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (J.L.); (N.Y.); (Q.S.)
| | - Junshen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (X.W.); (B.Z.); (X.G.); (Z.Z.)
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10
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Ordabaeva AT, Muldakhmetov ZM, Kim SV, Kasenova SB, Sagintaeva ZI, Gazaliev AM. Electrophysical Properties and Heat Capacity of Activated Carbon Obtained from Coke Fines. Molecules 2023; 28:6545. [PMID: 37764322 PMCID: PMC10534521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper studies the dependence of the specific heat capacity (Cp) of activated carbon obtained by the activation of coke fines on temperature (T, K) and the dependence of electrical resistance (R, Om) on temperature (T, K). In the course of the work, it was found that in the temperature range of 298.15-448 K on the curve of dependence Cp - f(T) at 323 K there is a jump in heat capacity, associated with a phase transition of the second kind. Measurements of the temperature dependence of electrical resistance on temperature were also carried out, which showed that activated carbon in the temperature range of 293-343 K exhibits metallic conductivity, turning into a semiconductor in the temperature range of 343-463 K. The calculation of the band gap showed that the resulting activated carbon is a semiconductor with a moderately narrow band gap. The satisfactory agreement of the phase transition temperatures on the curves of the temperature dependences of the heat capacity on temperature (323 K) and on the curves of the dependences of electrical resistance and the relative permittivity on temperature (343 K) indicates the nature of this phase transition, i.e., at a temperature of 323 K, the change in heat capacity is associated with the transition from semiconductor conductivity to metallic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigul T Ordabaeva
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, Alikhanov Str., 1, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zainulla M Muldakhmetov
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, Alikhanov Str., 1, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sergey V Kim
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, Alikhanov Str., 1, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan
| | - Shuga B Kasenova
- Laboratory of Thermochemical Processes, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhenisgul I Sagintaeva
- Laboratory of Thermochemical Processes, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Arstan M Gazaliev
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Coal of Kazakhstan Republic, Alikhanov Str., 1, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan
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11
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Štejfa V, Pokorný V, Lieberzeitová E, Havlín J, Fulem M, Růžička K. Heat Capacities of N-Acetyl Amides of Glycine, L-Alanine, L-Valine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Leucine. Molecules 2023; 28:5440. [PMID: 37513312 PMCID: PMC10385853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As a follow-up to our effort to establish reliable thermodynamic data for amino acids, the heat capacity and phase behavior are reported for N-acetyl glycine amide (CAS RN: 2620-63-5), N-acetyl-L-alanine amide (CAS RN: 15962-47-7), N-acetyl-L-valine amide (CAS RN: 37933-88-3), N-acetyl-L-isoleucine amide (CAS RN: 56711-06-9), and N-acetyl-L-leucine amide (CAS RN: 28529-34-2). Prior to heat capacity measurement, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction were performed to determine decomposition temperatures and initial crystal structures, respectively. The crystal heat capacities of the five N-acetyl amino acid amides were measured by Tian-Calvet calorimetry in the temperature interval (266-350 K), by power compensation DSC in the temperature interval (216-471 K), and by relaxation (heat-pulse) calorimetry in the temperature interval (2-268 K). As a result, reference heat capacities and thermodynamic functions for the crystalline phase from 0 K up to 470 K were developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Štejfa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Pokorný
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Lieberzeitová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Havlín
- Central Laboratories, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Fulem
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Květoslav Růžička
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Kasenov BK, Kasenova SB, Sagintaeva ZI, Baisanov S, Lu NY, Nukhuly A, Kuanyshbekov EE. Heat Capacity and Thermodynamic Functions of Titanium-Manganites of Lanthanum, Lithium and Sodium of LaLi 2TiMnO 6 and LaNa 2TiMnO 6. Molecules 2023; 28:5194. [PMID: 37446856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium-manganites of LaLi2TiMnO6 and LaNa2TiMnO6 were synthesized by the methods of ceramic technology from the oxides of lanthanum, titanium (IV), manganese (III), and the carbonates of lithium and sodium. The types of their syngony and the parameters of their gratings were determined radiographically. The isobaric heat capacities of titanium-manganites were measured with experimental calorimetry in the range of 298.15-673 K. It was found that on the dependence curve of heat capacity versus temperature of C°p~f(T), for LaLi2TiMnO6 at 348 K and 598 K, and LaNa2TiMnO6 at 348 K, there are abnormal jumps in heat capacity, probably related to phase transitions of the second kind. Taking into account the temperatures of the phase transitions, the equations of the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of titanium-manganites were derived. Their standard entropies were calculated by the ion increments method. Temperature dependences of the thermodynamic functions of S°(T), H°(T)-H°(298.15), and Φxx(T) were calculated using the experimental data on heat capacities and the calculated values of the standard entropies. The standard heat capacities of the studied compounds were calculated by the independent methods of ion increments and Debye, the values of which were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. The standard enthalpy of the formation of LaLi2TiMnO6 and LaNa2TiMnO6 was calculated according to the methodology developed by the authors. The conducted electrophysical studies determined the nature of the second-order phase transition and the semiconductor features of their conductivity. Thus, all the above-mentioned data on the experimental and calculated studies of the temperature dependence of heat capacity, the thermodynamic functions to determine a standard enthalpy of formation of LaLi2TiMnO6 and LaNa2TiMnO6, and the investigation of their electrical properties are absolutely new, and they have no analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulat Kunurovich Kasenov
- Laboratory of Thermochemical Processes, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, 100009 Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Shuga Bulatovna Kasenova
- Laboratory of Thermochemical Processes, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, 100009 Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Sailaubai Baisanov
- Laboratory of Metallurgical Melts, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, 100009 Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Natalya Yulievna Lu
- Laboratory of Metallurgical Melts, Zh. Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, 100009 Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Altynbek Nukhuly
- Department of Chemistry, Pavlodar Pedagogical University, 140002 Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
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13
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Wales DJ. Energy Landscapes and Heat Capacity Signatures for Monomers and Dimers of Amyloid-Forming Hexapeptides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10613. [PMID: 37445791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation is a hallmark of various neurodegenerative disorders. In this contribution, energy landscapes are explored for various hexapeptides that are known to form amyloids. Heat capacity (CV) analysis at low temperature for these hexapeptides reveals that the low energy structures contributing to the first heat capacity feature above a threshold temperature exhibit a variety of backbone conformations for amyloid-forming monomers. The corresponding control sequences do not exhibit such structural polymorphism, as diagnosed via end-to-end distance and a dihedral angle defined for the monomer. A similar heat capacity analysis for dimer conformations obtained using basin-hopping global optimisation shows clear features in end-to-end distance versus dihedral correlation plots, where amyloid-forming sequences exhibit a preference for larger end-to-end distances and larger positive dihedrals. These results hold true for sequences taken from tau, amylin, insulin A chain, a de novo designed peptide, and various control sequences. While there is a little overall correlation between the aggregation propensity and the temperature at which the low-temperature CV feature occurs, further analysis suggests that the amyloid-forming sequences exhibit the key CV feature at a lower temperature compared to control sequences derived from the same protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Wales
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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14
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Chou YH, Hsieh CL, Chen YL, Wang TP, Wu WJ, Hwang CC. Characterization of the pH-dependent protein stability of 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase by differential scanning fluorimetry. Protein Sci 2023:e4710. [PMID: 37354013 PMCID: PMC10357940 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of protein stability is essential for understanding the functions of proteins. Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones and the detoxification of xenobiotic carbonyl compounds. However, the stability of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases has not yet been characterized in detail. Here, we determined the changes in Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity of unfolding for 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase (3α-HSD/CR) by varying the pH and urea concentration through differential scanning fluorimetry and presented pH-dependent protein stability as a function of temperature. 3α-HSD/CR shows the maximum stability of 30.79 kJ mol-1 at 26.4 °C, pH 7.6 and decreases to 7.74 kJ mol-1 at 25.7 °C, pH 4.5. The change of heat capacity of 30.25±1.38 kJ mol-1 K-1 is obtained from the enthalpy of denaturation as a function of melting temperature at varied pH. Two proton uptakes are linked to protein unfolding from residues with differential pKa of 4.0 and 6.5 in the native and denatured states, respectively. The large positive heat capacity change indicated that hydrophobic interactions played an important role in the folding of 3α-HSD/CR. These studies reveal the mechanism of protein unfolding in HSD and provide a convenient method to extract thermodynamic parameters for characterizing protein stability using differential scanning fluorimetry. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hao Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ching Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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15
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Yeh F, Jara-Oseguera A, Aldrich RW. Implications of a temperature-dependent heat capacity for temperature-gated ion channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301528120. [PMID: 37279277 PMCID: PMC10268252 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301528120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature influences dynamics and state-equilibrium distributions in all molecular processes, and only a relatively narrow range of temperatures is compatible with life-organisms must avoid temperature extremes that can cause physical damage or metabolic disruption. Animals evolved a set of sensory ion channels, many of them in the family of transient receptor potential cation channels that detect biologically relevant changes in temperature with remarkable sensitivity. Depending on the specific ion channel, heating or cooling elicits conformational changes in the channel to enable the flow of cations into sensory neurons, giving rise to electrical signaling and sensory perception. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the heightened temperature-sensitivity in these ion channels, as well as the molecular adaptations that make each channel specifically heat- or cold-activated, are largely unknown. It has been hypothesized that a heat capacity difference (ΔCp) between two conformational states of these biological thermosensors can drive their temperature-sensitivity, but no experimental measurements of ΔCp have been achieved for these channel proteins. Contrary to the general assumption that the ΔCp is constant, measurements from soluble proteins indicate that the ΔCp is likely to be a function of temperature. By investigating the theoretical consequences for a linearly temperature-dependent ΔCp on the open-closed equilibrium of an ion channel, we uncover a range of possible channel behaviors that are consistent with experimental measurements of channel activity and that extend beyond what had been generally assumed to be possible for a simple two-state model, challenging long-held assumptions about ion channel gating models at equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Yeh
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Andrés Jara-Oseguera
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Richard W. Aldrich
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
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16
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Pokorný V, Štejfa V, Havlín J, Fulem M, Růžička K. Heat Capacities of L-Cysteine, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Lysine, and L-Methionine. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010451. [PMID: 36615652 PMCID: PMC9823850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to establish reliable thermodynamic data for amino acids, heat capacity and phase behavior are reported for L-cysteine (CAS RN: 52-90-4), L-serine (CAS RN: 56-45-1), L-threonine (CAS RN: 72-19-5), L-lysine (CAS RN: 56-87-1), and L-methionine (CAS RN: 63-68-3). Prior to heat capacity measurements, initial crystal structures were identified by X-ray powder diffraction, followed by a thorough investigation of the polymorphic behavior using differential scanning calorimetry in the temperature range from 183 K to the decomposition temperature determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Crystal heat capacities of all five amino acids were measured by Tian-Calvet calorimetry in the temperature interval (262-358) K and by power compensation DSC in the temperature interval from 215 K to over 420 K. Experimental values of this work were compared and combined with the literature data obtained with adiabatic calorimetry. Low-temperature heat capacities of L-threonine and L-lysine, for which no or limited literature data was available, were measured using the relaxation (heat pulse) calorimetry. As a result, reference heat capacities and thermodynamic functions for the crystalline phase from near 0 K to over 420 K were developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Pokorný
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Štejfa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Havlín
- Central Laboratories, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Fulem
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Květoslav Růžička
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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17
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Mielewczyk-Gryń A, Wachowski S, Dzierzgowski K, Szpunar I, Strychalska-Nowak J, Klimczuk T, Sawczak M, Gazda M. Vibrational Properties of LaNb 0.8 M 0.2 O 4-δ (M=As, Sb, V, and Ta). Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200368. [PMID: 36253100 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
LaNb0.8 M0.2 O4-δ (where M=As, Sb, V, and Ta) oxides with pentavalent elements of different ionic sizes were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The vibrational properties of these oxides have been investigated. These studies revealed that the substituent element influences both Debye temperature value as well as the Raman active vibrational modes. Additionally, the low-temperature vibrational properties of LaNb0.8 Sb0.2 O4-δ have been determined to show the phase transition occurrence at 260 K which is lower than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wachowski
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kacper Dzierzgowski
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Iga Szpunar
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Judyta Strychalska-Nowak
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Klimczuk
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mirosław Sawczak
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria Gazda
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, and Advanced Materials Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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18
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Fedorov AS, Teplinskaia AS. Thermal Properties of Porous Silicon Nanomaterials. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8678. [PMID: 36500175 PMCID: PMC9741138 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The thermal properties, including the heat capacity, thermal conductivity, effusivity, diffusivity, and phonon density of states of silicon-based nanomaterials are analyzed using a molecular dynamics calculation. These quantities are calculated in more detail for bulk silicon, porous silicon, and a silicon aerocrystal (aerogel), including the passivation of the porous internal surfaces with hydrogen, hydroxide, and oxygen ions. It is found that the heat capacity of these materials increases monotonically by up to 30% with an increase in the area of the porous inner surface and upon its passivation with these ions. This phenomenon is explained by a shift of the phonon density of states of the materials under study to the low-frequency region. In addition, it is shown that the thermal conductivity of the investigated materials depends on the degree of their porosity and can be changed significantly upon the passivation of their inner surface with different ions. It is demonstrated that, in the various simulated types of porous silicon, the thermal conductivity changes by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared with the value for bulk silicon. At the same time, it is found that the nature of the passivation of the internal nanosilicon surfaces affects the thermal conductivity. For example, the passivation of the surfaces with hydrogen does not significantly change this parameter, whereas a passivation with oxygen ions reduces it by a factor of two on average, and passivation with hydroxyl ions increases the thermal conductivity by a factor of 2-3. Similar trends are observed for the thermal effusivities and diffusivities of all the types of nanoporous silicon under passivation, but, in that case, the changes are weaker (by a factor of 1.5-2). The ways of tuning the thermal properties of the new nanostructured materials are outlined, which is important for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S. Fedorov
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anastasiia S. Teplinskaia
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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19
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Pandey K, Sayler L, Basnet R, Sakon J, Wang F, Hu J. Crystal growth and electronic properties of LaSbSe. Crystals (Basel) 2022; 12:1663. [PMID: 37206882 PMCID: PMC10195110 DOI: 10.3390/cryst12111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The ZrSiS-type materials have gained intensive attentions. The magnetic version of the ZrSiS-type materials, LnSbTe (Ln = Lanthanide), offers great opportunities to explore new quantum states owing to the interplay between magnetism and electronic band topology. Here, we report the growth and characterization of the non-magnetic LaSbSe of this material family. We found the metallic transport, low magnetoresistance and non-compensated charge carriers with relatively low carrier density in LaSbSe. The specific heat measurement has revealed distinct Sommerfeld coefficient and Debye temperature in comparison to LaSbTe. Such addition of a new LnSbSe selenide compound could provide the alternative material choices in addition to LnSbTe telluride materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Pandey
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Lauren Sayler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, USA
| | - Rabindra Basnet
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Josh Sakon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, USA
| | - Jin Hu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Iranmanesh R, Pourahmad A, Faress F, Tutunchian S, Ariana MA, Sadeqi H, Hosseini S, Alobaid F, Aghel B. Introducing a Linear Empirical Correlation for Predicting the Mass Heat Capacity of Biomaterials. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36235078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study correlated biomass heat capacity (Cp) with the chemistry (sulfur and ash content), crystallinity index, and temperature of various samples. A five-parameter linear correlation predicted 576 biomass Cp samples from four different origins with the absolute average relative deviation (AARD%) of ~1.1%. The proportional reduction in error (REE) approved that ash and sulfur contents only enlarge the correlation and have little effect on the accuracy. Furthermore, the REE showed that the temperature effect on biomass heat capacity was stronger than on the crystallinity index. Consequently, a new three-parameter correlation utilizing crystallinity index and temperature was developed. This model was more straightforward than the five-parameter correlation and provided better predictions (AARD = 0.98%). The proposed three-parameter correlation predicted the heat capacity of four different biomass classes with residual errors between -0.02 to 0.02 J/g∙K. The literature related biomass Cp to temperature using quadratic and linear correlations, and ignored the effect of the chemistry of the samples. These quadratic and linear correlations predicted the biomass Cp of the available database with an AARD of 39.19% and 1.29%, respectively. Our proposed model was the first work incorporating sample chemistry in biomass Cp estimation.
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21
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Bobenko N, Egorushkin V, Ponomarev A. Hysteresis in Heat Capacity of MWCNTs Caused by Interface Behavior. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3139. [PMID: 36144926 PMCID: PMC9503709 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The paper is concerned with the study of structural disorder as well as the emergence and causes of heat capacity hysteresis in multiwall carbon nanotubes. The investigation methods are X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and calorimetric tests: thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and the thermal relaxation method for heat capacity hysteresis. Multiwall carbon nanotubes are shown to be composed of one or several types of zigzag-armchair domains. The domain structure of nanotube samples is responsible for the generation of uniaxial elastic microstrains and viscoelastic bending strains at domain interfaces. The thermomechanical behavior of interfaces is the chief cause of temperature hysteresis of heat capacity. The number of hystereses corresponds to the number of domain types in the structure, and values of hysteresis are determined by the crystallite size, thermal conductivity, and normal temperature distribution of strain. The found mechanism of heat capacity hysteresis can be helpful in preventing jumps in thermal properties and managing thermal memory in multiwall carbon nanotubes.
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22
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Liang X, Hou TP, Zhang D, Luo WD, Cheng S, Zheng YH, Wu KM. New evaluation of the thermodynamics stability for bcc-Fe. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:455801. [PMID: 36007519 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8cc6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties for bcc-Fe were predicted by combination of the first-principles calculations, the quasiharmonic approximation, the CALPHAD method and the Weiss molecular field theory. The hybrid method considers the effects of the lattice vibration, electron, intrinsic magnetism and external magnetic fields on the thermodynamic properties at finite temperature. Combined with experimental data, the calculated heat capacity without external magnetic fields was used to verify the validity of the hybrid method. Close to the Fermi level the high electronic density of states leads to a significant electronic contribution to free energy. Near the Curie temperature lattice vibrations dominant the Gibbs free energy. The order of the other three excitation contributions to Gibbs free energy from high to low is: intrinsic magnetism > electron > external magnetic fields. The investigation suggests that all the excitation contributions to Gibbs free energy are not negligible which provides a correct direction for tuning the thermodynamic properties for Fe-based alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liang
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - T P Hou
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - D Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - W D Luo
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - S Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - K M Wu
- The State Key Laboratory for Refractories and Metallurgy, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
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23
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Li L, Chen Y, He J, Zhou A. The Influence of Yb Doping and Sintering Conditions on the Magnetocaloric and Mechanical Properties of EuS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175660. [PMID: 36080427 PMCID: PMC9457925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For this work, europium monosulfide (EuS) powders were prepared by sulfurizing Eu2O3 powder with CS2 gas. The synthesized EuS powders were sintered by SPS at temperatures in the 800-1600 °C range for 0.33-1 h at 50 MPa under vacuum conditions. The influences of Yb doping and sintering conditions on the magnetocaloric and mechanical properties of EuS were investigated systematically. An increase in sintering temperature caused the rise of lattice parameters of EuS, whereas Yb doping caused them to drop. SEM showed that the grain size of the EuS increased with sintering temperatures in the 1000-1400 °C range. Higher sintering temperatures can enlarge the magnetizability and saturation magnetization of EuS compact. On the contrary, Yb doping can weaken the magnetizability and saturation magnetization of EuS compact. All sintered polycrystalline EuS compacts had weaker thermomagnetic irreversibility and lower magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
- Jinguan Electric Co., Ltd., Nanyang 473000, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Materials on Deep-Earth Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +86-0377-6351-3077 (L.L.)
| | - Yuqi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Dian Ji University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junbao He
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Materials on Deep-Earth Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.Z.); Tel.: +86-0377-6351-3077 (L.L.)
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24
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Rudenko A, Redkin A, Il’ina E, Pershina S, Mushnikov P, Zaikov Y, Kumkov S, Liu Y, Shi W. Thermal Conductivity of FLiNaK in a Molten State. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:5603. [PMID: 36013742 PMCID: PMC9415569 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the thermal conductivity of molten salt mixtures is of interest for many potential technological applications, precise values are often hard to obtain. In this study, the thermal diffusivity of FliNaK was studied in a molten state using the laser flash method and found to be very slightly dependent on temperature. The heat capacity of FliNaK was measured using the DSC method. There was a minor difference between our results and data from the literature. From calculations based on thermal diffusivity, density and heat capacity values, thermal conductivity was shown to decrease with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Rudenko
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Redkin
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Il’ina
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana Pershina
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Peter Mushnikov
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Yuriy Zaikov
- Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str., 20, 620137 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Kumkov
- Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. S. Kovalevskaya 16, 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Yalan Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiqun Shi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19B Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
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25
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LaBarre PG, Rydh A, Palmer-Fortune J, Frothingham JA, Hannahs ST, Ramirez AP, Fortune NA. Magnetoquantum oscillations in the specific heat of a topological Kondo insulator. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:36LT01. [PMID: 35767985 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7d2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surprisingly, magnetoquantum oscillations (MQOs) characteristic of a metal with a Fermi surface have been observed in measurements of the topological Kondo insulator SmB6. As these MQO have only been observed in measurements of magnetic torque (dHvA) and not in measurements of magnetoresistance (SdH), a debate has arisen as to whether the MQO are an extrinsic effect arising from rare-earth impurities, defects, and/or aluminum inclusions or an intrinsic effect revealing the existence of charge-neutral excitations. We report here the first observation of MQO in the low-temperature specific heat of SmB6. The observed frequencies and their angular dependence for these flux-grown samples are consistent with previous results based on magnetic torque for SmB6but the inferred effective masses are significantly larger than previously reported. Such oscillations can only be observed if the MQO are of bulk thermodynamic origin; the measured magnetic-field dependent oscillation amplitude and effective mass allow us to rule out suggestions of an extrinsic, aluminum inclusion-based origin for the MQO.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G LaBarre
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States of America
| | - A Rydh
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - J Palmer-Fortune
- Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, United States of America
| | - J A Frothingham
- Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, United States of America
| | - S T Hannahs
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, United States of America
| | - A P Ramirez
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States of America
| | - N A Fortune
- Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, United States of America
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26
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Ranaut D, Mukherjee K. Unravelling the signatures of effective spin1/2moments in CeVO 4: magnetization and heat capacity study. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:315802. [PMID: 35640574 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The realization of an effective spin (Jeff) ½ state at low temperatures offers a platform to study the enthralling physics behind the disordered states in certain systems. Here, we report the signatures of magnetic ground state associated withJeff= ½ in CeVO4. Our studies confirm the absence of any ordering or freezing down to 1.8 K. In the low temperature region, the Curie-Weiss fit of the inverse DC susceptibility indicate towards the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations among the Ce3+spins. The calculated value of effective moment (∼1.16μB) corresponds toJ= ½ withgJ∼ 1.20. Further, the field dependent magnetization curve at 2 K follows a behaviour corresponding toJ= ½ Brillouin function withgJ∼ 1.13. Magnetic field dependent heat capacity fits very well with two-level Schottky scheme. Our investigations suggest that CeVO4can be a promising candidate to realiseJeff= ½ properties among 3D spin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Ranaut
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - K Mukherjee
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175005, Himachal Pradesh, India
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27
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Islam MR, Zubair MA, Galib RH, Hoque MSB, Tomko JA, Aryana K, Basak AK, Hopkins PE. Vacancy-Induced Temperature-Dependent Thermal and Magnetic Properties of Holmium-Substituted Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticle Compacts. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:25886-25897. [PMID: 35634978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiferroics have gained widespread acceptance for room-temperature applications such as in spintronics, ferroelectric random access memory, and transistors because of their intrinsic magnetic and ferroelectric coupling. However, a comprehensive study, establishing a correlation between the magnetic and thermal transport properties of multiferroics, is still missing from the literature. To fill the void, this work reports the temperature-dependent thermal and magnetic properties of holmium-substituted bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) and their dependencies on oxygen vacancies and structural modifications. Two distinct magnetic transitions on temperature-dependent magnetic and heat capacity responses are identified. Experimental analysis suggests that the excess of oxygen vacancies shifts the magnetic transition temperature by ∼64 K. The holmium substitution-induced structural modification increases BiFeO3 heat capacity by 30% up to the antiferromagnetic phase transition temperature. Furthermore, an unsaturated heat capacity even at temperatures as high as 850 K is observed and is ascribed to anharmonicity and partial densification of the nanoparticles used during heat capacity measurements. The room-temperature thermal conductivity of BiFeO3 is ∼0.33 ± 0.11 W m-1 K-1 and remains unchanged at high temperatures due to defect scattering from porosities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - M A Zubair
- Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Roisul H Galib
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - Md Shafkat Bin Hoque
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - John A Tomko
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - Kiumars Aryana
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - Animesh K Basak
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Patrick E Hopkins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, United States
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28
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Sharma MM, Awana VPS. Detailed magneto heat capacity analysis of SnAs topological superconductor. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:255702. [PMID: 35381585 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report magneto heat capacity analysis of superconducting SnAs. Magneto heat capacity analysis of superconductors is an important tool to determine bulk superconductivity as well as the pairing mechanism of Cooper pairs. SnAs crystal is characterized through x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Magneto transport measurements of studied SnAs superconductor evidenced presence of superconductivity at around 4 K, which persists up to an applied field of 250 Oe. The bulk nature of superconductivity is determined through AC susceptibility (χ) along with the heat capacity measurements. Magneto heat capacity measurements show SnAs to be a fully gapped s wave superconductor. This finding is well supported by calculated physical parameters likeα(3.36),λe-ph(0.70) and ΔCel/γTc(1.41). Calculation of residual Sommerfeld coefficient (γres) at different fields, confirms node-less superconductivity in SnAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Sharma
- National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - V P S Awana
- National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
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29
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Bazaluk O, Struchaiev N, Halko S, Miroshnyk O, Bondarenko L, Karaiev O, Nitsenko V. Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Devices for Freezing of Small Products. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15072412. [PMID: 35407745 PMCID: PMC9000166 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been established that one of the main problems in the technology of the production of loose food products is the sticking of vegetables or fruits into one block. It has been proven that one of the steps to solve this problem is the use of berries, fruits, or vegetables during freezing in the form of a fluidized bed in air. However, a significant part of the energy is spent precisely when creating a fluidized bed with the help of fans. By improving the separation efficiency of small products in the freezing process, it would be possible to significantly reduce the energy costs of freezing worldwide. The purpose of this work was to determine ways to increase the efficiency of devices for freezing small products. The goal was achieved through the use of a modified method for studying energy costs, taking into account energy costs for fluidization and mechanical shaking. For comparison, two options for the efficient separation of small products during freezing were considered. Namely the separation of small products in the process of freezing with the help of fluidization, and with the help of mechanical shaking. Comparison of these variants showed that it was advisable to separate small products during freezing by mechanical shaking. It was established that their energy parameters, as well as fractional properties, are significantly different. The product temperature was determined for the case of a constant temperature of the cooling air and equipment elements. The results obtained confirmed the possibility of achieving significant energy savings of 1.5–3.5 times by using the mechanized device we proposed for freezing fruits and vegetables. The main result of this paper is the proposed method, or algorithm, for calculating energy costs for fluidization and mechanical shaking, which could be used in the design of devices for the freezing of small products; as well as the obtained data confirming the correspondence of the theoretical calculations to reality. The novelty of the research consists in presenting a model or algorithm for calculating the energy costs for fluidization and mechanical shaking. The importance of the results of the work lies in the possibility of using this technique to assess the energy effectiveness of devices for the freezing of small products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Bazaluk
- Belt and Road Initiative Institute for Chinese-European Studies, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China;
| | - Nikolai Struchaiev
- Department of Information Technologies of Design, Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18 B.Khmelnytsky Ave, 72310 Melitopol, Ukraine; (N.S.); (S.H.); (L.B.); (O.K.)
| | - Serhii Halko
- Department of Information Technologies of Design, Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18 B.Khmelnytsky Ave, 72310 Melitopol, Ukraine; (N.S.); (S.H.); (L.B.); (O.K.)
| | - Oleksandr Miroshnyk
- Department of Electricity and Energy Management, State Biotechnological University, Str. Rizdviana, 19, 62341 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Larysa Bondarenko
- Department of Information Technologies of Design, Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18 B.Khmelnytsky Ave, 72310 Melitopol, Ukraine; (N.S.); (S.H.); (L.B.); (O.K.)
| | - Oleksandr Karaiev
- Department of Information Technologies of Design, Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18 B.Khmelnytsky Ave, 72310 Melitopol, Ukraine; (N.S.); (S.H.); (L.B.); (O.K.)
| | - Vitalii Nitsenko
- SCIRE Foundation, 00867 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +380-939983073
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30
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Semkin MA, Urusova NV, Hoser A, Neznakhin DS, Pirogov AN. Models of Ni- and Co-ion occupation in LiNi 0.5Co 0.5PO 4orthophosphate and its magnetic structure. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:165801. [PMID: 35120339 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac51ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The neutron diffraction, magnetic and heat capacity measurements have been carried out to study the polycrystalline sample LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4prepared by the glycerol-nitrate synthesis method. Models of Ni- and Co-ion occupation the 4coctahedral position in a crystal structure LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4are calculated for a paramagnetic state. The best model is the Ni- and Co-ions occupy the 4csite inPnmapatent space-group in sequence Ni-Co-Ni-Co or Co-Ni-Co-Ni. It is shown that nickel ions formabplanes alternating with the planes of cobalt ions in the direction of theccrystallographic axis. At 7 K, an average magnetic moment of 3d-ions is equal to 1.90 (9)μB. The moments are ordering antiferromagnetically and parallel to thebcplane decreasing to zero at 15 K. In the high-spin state a temperature dependence of the Ni2+/Co2+ion-magnetic moment is well described within the 2D Ising model with order parameterβ= 0.198 and Néel temperatureTN= 14.1 (1) K, obtained from heat capacity data. This temperature agrees well withTcr= 14.3 (2) K, determined with magnetic measurement. Maybe the short-range magnetic order exists in LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4over temperature region (14-16) K, that is confirmed by the maximum on a temperature dependence of the magnetization at 16.1 (5) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Semkin
- M N Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 48 Kuybysheva St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - N V Urusova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 48 Kuybysheva St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 91 Pervomaiskaya St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A Hoser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Materialien und Energie, 1 Hahn-Meitner-Platz, Berlin, Germany
| | - D S Neznakhin
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 48 Kuybysheva St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A N Pirogov
- M N Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 48 Kuybysheva St., Ekaterinburg, Russia
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31
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Ponomarev A, Egorushkin V, Bobenko N, Barabashko M, Rezvanova A, Belosludtseva A. On the Possible Nature of Armchair-Zigzag Structure Formation and Heat Capacity Decrease in MWCNTs. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15020518. [PMID: 35057233 PMCID: PMC8777848 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Structural disorder and temperature behavior of specific heat in multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been investigated. The results of X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images are analyzed. The thermodynamic theory of the zigzag-armchair domain structure formation during nanotube synthesis is developed. The influence of structural disorder on the temperature behavior of specific heat is investigated. The size of domains was estimated at ~40 nm. A decrease in heat capacity is due to this size effect. The revealed dependence of the heat capacity of MWCNTs on the structural disorder allows control over thermal properties of nanotubes and can be useful for the development of thermoelectric, thermal interface materials and nanofluids based on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ponomarev
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.E.); (A.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Valeriy Egorushkin
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.E.); (A.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Nadezhda Bobenko
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.E.); (A.R.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-3822-286-814
| | - Maksym Barabashko
- B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (B. Verkin ILTPE NASU), 47 Nauky Ave., 61103 Kharkov, Ukraine;
| | - Anastasiya Rezvanova
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.E.); (A.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Belosludtseva
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS), 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (A.P.); (V.E.); (A.R.); (A.B.)
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32
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Benítez JJ, González Moreno A, Guzmán-Puyol S, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A, Domínguez E. The Response of Tomato Fruit Cuticle Membranes Against Heat and Light. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:807723. [PMID: 35069665 PMCID: PMC8777011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.807723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two important biophysical properties, the thermal and UV-Vis screening capacity, of isolated tomato fruit cuticle membranes (CM) have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-Vis spectrometry, respectively. A first order melting, corresponding to waxes, and a second order glass transition (T g ) thermal events have been observed. The glass transition was less defined and displaced toward higher temperatures along the fruit ripening. In immature and mature green fruits, the CM was always in the viscous and more fluid state but, in ripe fruits, daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations may cause the transition between the glassy and viscous states altering the mass transfer between the epidermal plant cells and the environment. CM dewaxing reduced the T g value, as derived from the role of waxes as fillers. T g reduction was more intense after polysaccharide removal due to their highly interwoven distribution within the cutin matrix that restricts the chain mobility. Such effect was amplified by the presence of phenolic compounds in ripe cuticle membranes. The structural rigidity induced by phenolics in tomato CMs was directly reflected in their mechanical elastic modulus. The heat capacity (Cp rev ) of cuticle membranes was found to depend on the developmental stage of the fruits and was higher in immature and green stages. The average Cp rev value was above the one of air, which confers heat regulation capacity to CM. Cuticle membranes screened the UV-B light by 99% irrespectively the developmental stage of the fruit. As intra and epicuticular waxes contributed very little to the UV screening, this protection capacity is attributed to the absorption by cinnamic acid derivatives. However, the blocking capacity toward UV-A is mainly due to the CM thickness increment during growth and to the absorption by flavone chalconaringenin accumulated during ripening. The build-up of phenolic compounds was found to be an efficient mechanism to regulate both the thermal and UV screening properties of cuticle membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana González Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Susana Guzmán-Puyol
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A. Heredia-Guerrero
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
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Sologubov SS, Markin AV, Smirnova NN, Chamkina ES, Krasnova IY, Milenin SA, Serenko OA, Shifrina ZB, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamic Properties of the First-Generation Hybrid Dendrimer with "Carbosilane Core/Phenylene Shell" Structure. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:1557. [PMID: 34945863 PMCID: PMC8700160 DOI: 10.3390/e23121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The molar heat capacity of the first-generation hybrid dendrimer with a "carbosilane core/phenylene shell" structure was measured for the first time in the temperature range T = 6-600 K using a precise adiabatic vacuum calorimeter and DSC. In the above temperature interval, the glass transition of the studied compound was observed, and its thermodynamic characteristics were determined. The standard thermodynamic functions (the enthalpy, the entropy, and the Gibbs energy) of the hybrid dendrimer were calculated over the range from T = 0 to 600 K using the experimentally determined heat capacity. The standard entropy of formation of the investigated dendrimer was evaluated at T = 298.15 K. The obtained thermodynamic properties of the studied hybrid dendrimer were compared and discussed with the literature data for some of the first-generation organosilicon and pyridylphenylene dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen S. Sologubov
- Chemistry Department, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (S.S.S.); (N.N.S.)
| | - Alexey V. Markin
- Chemistry Department, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (S.S.S.); (N.N.S.)
| | - Natalia N. Smirnova
- Chemistry Department, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (S.S.S.); (N.N.S.)
| | - Elena S. Chamkina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.S.C.); (I.Y.K.); (O.A.S.); (Z.B.S.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Irina Yu. Krasnova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.S.C.); (I.Y.K.); (O.A.S.); (Z.B.S.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Sergey A. Milenin
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga A. Serenko
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.S.C.); (I.Y.K.); (O.A.S.); (Z.B.S.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Zinaida B. Shifrina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.S.C.); (I.Y.K.); (O.A.S.); (Z.B.S.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Aziz M. Muzafarov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (E.S.C.); (I.Y.K.); (O.A.S.); (Z.B.S.); (A.M.M.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia;
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Diaz-Franulic I, Verdugo C, Gonzalez F, Gonzalez-Nilo F, Latorre R. Thermodynamic and structural basis of temperature-dependent gating in TRP channels. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2211-9. [PMID: 34623379 DOI: 10.1042/BST20210301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms require detecting the environmental thermal clues for survival, allowing them to avoid noxious stimuli or find prey moving in the dark. In mammals, the Transient Receptor Potential ion channels superfamily is constituted by 27 polymodal receptors whose activity is controlled by small ligands, peptide toxins, protons and voltage. The thermoTRP channels subgroup exhibits unparalleled temperature dependence -behaving as heat and cold sensors. Functional studies have dissected their biophysical features in detail, and the advances of single-particle Cryogenic Electron microscopy provided the structural framework required to propose detailed channel gating mechanisms. However, merging structural and functional evidence for temperature-driven gating of thermoTRP channels has been a hard nut to crack, remaining an open question nowadays. Here we revisit the highlights on the study of heat and cold sensing in thermoTRP channels in the light of the structural data that has emerged during recent years.
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Aydin A, Fransson J, Sisman A. Quantum shape oscillations in the thermodynamic properties of confined electrons in core-shell nanostructures. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 34:025301. [PMID: 34654006 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum shape effect appears under the size-invariant shape transformations of strongly confined structures. Such a transformation distinctively influences the thermodynamic properties of confined particles. Due to their characteristic geometry, core-shell nanostructures are good candidates for quantum shape effects to be observed. Here we investigate the thermodynamic properties of non-interacting degenerate electrons confined in core-shell nanowires consisting of an insulating core and a GaAs semiconducting shell. We derive the expressions of shape-dependent thermodynamic quantities and show the existence of a new type of quantum oscillations due to shape dependence, in chemical potential, internal energy, entropy and specific heat of confined electrons. We provide physical understanding of our results by invoking the quantum boundary layer concept and evaluating the distributions of quantized energy levels on Fermi function and in state space. Besides the density, temperature and size, the shape per se also becomes a control parameter on the Fermi energy of confined electrons, which provides a new mechanism for fine tuning the Fermi level and changing the polarity of semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhun Aydin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Altug Sisman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
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Gómez E, Velho P, Domínguez Á, Macedo EA. Thermal Analysis of Binary Mixtures of Imidazolium, Pyridinium, Pyrrolidinium, and Piperidinium Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216383. [PMID: 34770792 PMCID: PMC8587281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are being widely studied due to their unique properties, which make them potential candidates for conventional solvents. To study whether binary mixtures of pure ionic liquids provide a viable alternative to pure ionic liquids for different applications, in this work, the thermal analysis and molar heat capacities of five equimolar binary mixtures of ionic liquids based on imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, and piperidinium cations with dicyanamide, trifluoromethanesulfonate, and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions have been performed. Furthermore, two pure ionic liquids based on piperidinium cation have been thermally characterized and the heat capacity of one of them has been measured. The determination and evaluation of both the transition temperatures and the molar heat capacities was carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was observed that the thermal behavior of the mixtures was completely different than the thermal behavior of the pure ionic liquids present, while the molar heat capacities of the binary mixtures were very similar to the value of the average of molar heat capacities of the two pure ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gómez
- Associate Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering–Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (E.G.); (P.V.)
| | - Pedro Velho
- Associate Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering–Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (E.G.); (P.V.)
| | - Ángeles Domínguez
- Advanced Separation Processes Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Eugénia A. Macedo
- Associate Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering–Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (E.G.); (P.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22508-1653
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Devine S. Landauer's Principle a Consequence of Bit Flows, Given Stirling's Approximation. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:1288. [PMID: 34682012 DOI: 10.3390/e23101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
According to Landauer's principle, at least kBln2T Joules are needed to erase a bit that stores information in a thermodynamic system at temperature T. However, the arguments for the principle rely on a regime where the equipartition principle holds. This paper, by exploring a simple model of a thermodynamic system using algorithmic information theory, shows the energy cost of transferring a bit, or restoring the original state, is kBln2T Joules for a reversible system. The principle is a direct consequence of the statistics required to allocate energy between stored energy states and thermal states, and applies outside the validity of the equipartition principle. As the thermodynamic entropy of a system coincides with the algorithmic entropy of a typical state specifying the momentum degrees of freedom, it can quantify the thermodynamic requirements in terms of bit flows to maintain a system distant from the equilibrium set of states. The approach offers a simple conceptual understanding of entropy, while avoiding problems with the statistical mechanic's approach to the second law of thermodynamics. Furthermore, the classical articulation of the principle can be used to derive the low temperature heat capacities, and is consistent with the quantum version of the principle.
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Tomaschitz R. Thermodynamics of lattice vibrations in non-cubic crystals: the zinc structure revisited. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021; 77:420-432. [PMID: 34473096 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273321005507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A phenomenological model of anisotropic lattice vibrations is proposed, using a temperature-dependent spectral cutoff and varying Debye temperatures for the vibrational normal components. The internal lattice energy, entropy and Debye-Waller B factors of non-cubic elemental crystals are derived. The formalism developed is non-perturbative, based on temperature-dependent linear dispersion relations for the normal modes. The Debye temperatures of the vibrational normal components differ in anisotropic crystals; their temperature dependence and the varying spectral cutoff can be inferred from the experimental lattice heat capacity and B factors by least-squares regression. The zero-point internal energy of the phonons is related to the low-temperature limits of the mean-squared vibrational amplitudes of the lattice measured by X-ray and γ-ray diffraction. A specific example is discussed, the thermodynamic variables of the hexagonal close-packed zinc structure, including the temperature evolution of the B factors of zinc. In this case, the lattice vibrations are partitioned into axial and basal normal components, which admit largely differing B factors and Debye temperatures. The second-order B factors defining the non-Gaussian contribution to the Debye-Waller damping factors of zinc are obtained as well. Anharmonicity of the oscillator potential and deviations from the uniform phonon frequency distribution of the Debye theory are modeled effectively by the temperature dependence of the spectral cutoff and Debye temperatures.
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Loidl A, Lunkenheimer P, Tsurkan V. On the proximate Kitaev quantum-spin liquid α-RuCl 3: thermodynamics, excitations and continua. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:443004. [PMID: 34371492 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac1bcf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This topical review provides an overview over recent thermodynamic, infrared, and THz results on the proximate Kitaev spin-liquid. Quantum-spin liquids are exotic phases characterized by the absence of magnetic ordering even at the lowest temperatures and by the occurrence of fractionalized spin excitations. Among those, Kitaev spin liquids are most fascinating as they belong to the rare class of model systems, that can be solved analytically by decomposing localized spinsS= 1/2 into Majorana fermions. The main aim of this review is to summarize experimental evidence obtained by THz spectroscopy and utilizing heat-capacity experiments, which point to the existence of fractionalized excitations in the spin-liquid state, which in α-RuCl3exists at temperatures just above the onset of magnetic order or at in-plane magnetic fields just beyond the quantum-critical point where antiferromagnetic order becomes suppressed. Thermodynamic and spectroscopic results are compared to theoretical predictions and model calculations. In addition, we document recent progress in elucidating the sub-gap (<1 eV) electronic structure of the 4d5ruthenium electrons to characterize their local electronic configuration. The on-site excitation spectra of thedelectrons below the optical gap can be consistently explained using a spin-orbit coupling constant of ∼170 meV and the concept of multiple spin-orbital excitations. Furthermore, we discuss the phonon spectra of the title compound including rigid-plane shear and compression modes of the single molecular layers. In recent theoretical concepts it has been shown that phonons can couple to Majorana fermions and may play a substantial role in establishing the half-integer thermal quantum Hall effect observed in this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Loidl
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - P Lunkenheimer
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - V Tsurkan
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Chisinau MD-2028, Moldova
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Wang ZC, Thanabalasingam K, Scheifers JP, Streeter A, McCandless GT, Gaudet J, Brown CM, Segre CU, Chan JY, Tafti F. Antiferromagnetic Order and Spin-Canting Transition in the Corrugated Square Net Compound Cu 3(TeO 4)(SO 4)·H 2O. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:10565-10571. [PMID: 34176270 PMCID: PMC10629843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Strongly correlated electrons in layered perovskite structures have been the birthplace of high-temperature superconductivity, spin liquids, and quantum criticality. Specifically, the cuprate materials with layered structures made of corner-sharing square-planar CuO4 units have been intensely studied due to their Mott insulating ground state, which leads to high-temperature superconductivity upon doping. Identifying new compounds with similar lattice and electronic structures has become a challenge in solid-state chemistry. Here, we report the hydrothermal crystal growth of a new copper tellurite sulfate, Cu3(TeO4)(SO4)·H2O, a promising alternative to layered perovskites. The orthorhombic phase (space group Pnma) is made of corrugated layers of corner-sharing CuO4 square-planar units that are edge-shared with TeO4 units. The layers are linked by slabs of corner-sharing CuO4 and SO4. Using both the bond valence sum analysis and magnetization data, we find purely Cu2+ ions within the layers but a mixed valence of Cu2+/Cu+ between the layers. Cu3(TeO4)(SO4)·H2O undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition at TN = 67 K marked by a peak in the magnetic susceptibility. Upon further cooling, a spin-canting transition occurs at T* = 12 K, evidenced by a kink in the heat capacity. The spin-canting transition is explained on the basis of a J1-J2 model of magnetic interactions, which is consistent with the slightly different in-plane superexchange paths. We present Cu3(TeO4)(SO4)·H2O as a promising platform for the future doping and strain experiments that could tune the Mott insulating ground state into superconducting or spin liquid states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Kulatheepan Thanabalasingam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jan P Scheifers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Alenna Streeter
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jonathan Gaudet
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Maryland University, College Park, Maryland 20942-2115, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Craig M Brown
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Carlo U Segre
- Department of Physics & CSRRI, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Julia Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Fazel Tafti
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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Cysewski P, Przybyłek M, Kowalska A, Tymorek N. Thermodynamics and Intermolecular Interactions of Nicotinamide in Neat and Binary Solutions: Experimental Measurements and COSMO-RS Concentration Dependent Reactions Investigations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7365. [PMID: 34298985 PMCID: PMC8306691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the temperature-dependent solubility of nicotinamide (niacin) was measured in six neat solvents and five aqueous-organic binary mixtures (methanol, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, DMSO and DMF). It was discovered that the selected set of organic solvents offer all sorts of solvent effects, including co-solvent, synergistic, and anti-solvent features, enabling flexible tuning of niacin solubility. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry was used to characterize the fusion thermodynamics of nicotinamide. In particular, the heat capacity change upon melting was measured. The experimental data were interpreted by means of COSMO-RS-DARE (conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation-dimerization, aggregation, and reaction extension) for concentration dependent reactions. The solute-solute and solute-solvent intermolecular interactions were found to be significant in all of the studied systems, which was proven by the computed mutual affinity of the components at the saturated conditions. The values of the Gibbs free energies of pair formation were derived at an advanced level of theory (MP2), including corrections for electron correlation and zero point vibrational energy (ZPE). In all of the studied systems the self-association of nicotinamide was found to be a predominant intermolecular complex, irrespective of the temperature and composition of the binary system. The application of the COSMO-RS-DARE approach led to a perfect match between the computed and measured solubility data, by optimizing the parameter of intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (A.K.); (N.T.)
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Przybyłek M, Kowalska A, Tymorek N, Dziaman T, Cysewski P. Thermodynamic Characteristics of Phenacetin in Solid State and Saturated Solutions in Several Neat and Binary Solvents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134078. [PMID: 34279418 PMCID: PMC8272242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of phenacetin in solid state and in saturated conditions in neat and binary solvents were characterized based on differential scanning calorimetry and spectroscopic solubility measurements. The temperature-related heat capacity values measured for both the solid and melt states were provided and used for precise determination of the values for ideal solubility, fusion thermodynamic functions, and activity coefficients in the studied solutions. Factors affecting the accuracy of these values were discussed in terms of various models of specific heat capacity difference for phenacetin in crystal and super-cooled liquid states. It was concluded that different properties have varying sensitivity in relation to the accuracy of heat capacity values. The values of temperature-related excess solubility in aqueous binary mixtures were interpreted using the Jouyban–Acree solubility equation for aqueous binary mixtures of methanol, DMSO, DMF, 1,4-dioxane, and acetonitrile. All binary solvent systems studied exhibited strong positive non-ideal deviations from an algebraic rule of mixing. Additionally, an interesting co-solvency phenomenon was observed with phenacetin solubility in aqueous mixtures with acetonitrile or 1,4-dioxane. The remaining three solvents acted as strong co-solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Przybyłek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (A.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Anna Kowalska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (A.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Natalia Tymorek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (A.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Tomasz Dziaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (A.K.); (N.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Goc K, Przewoźnik J, Witulska K, Chlubny L, Tokarz W, Strączek T, Michalik JM, Jurczyk J, Utke I, Lis J, Kapusta C. Structure, Morphology, Heat Capacity, and Electrical Transport Properties of Ti 3(Al,Si)C 2 Materials. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:3222. [PMID: 34207937 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A study of Ti3Al1−xSixC2 (x = 0 to x = 1) MAX-phase alloys is reported. The materials were obtained from mixtures of Ti3AlC2 and Ti3SiC2 powders with hot pressing sintering technique. They were characterised with X-ray diffraction, heat capacity, electrical resistivity, and magnetoresistance measurements. The results show a good quality crystal structure and metallic properties with high residual resistivity. The resistivity weakly varies with Si doping and shows a small, positive magnetoresistance effect. The magnetoresistance exhibits a quadratic dependence on the magnetic field, which indicates a dominant contribution from open electronic orbits. The Debye temperatures and Sommerfeld coefficient values derived from specific heat data show slight variations with Si content, with decreasing tendency for the former and an increase for the latter. Experimental results were supported by band structure calculations whose results are consistent with the experiment concerning specific heat, resistivity, and magnetoresistance measurements. In particular, they reveal that of the s-electrons at the Fermi level, those of Al and Si have prevailing density of states and, thus predominantly contribute to the metallic conductivity. This also shows that the high residual resistivity of the materials studied is an intrinsic effect, not due to defects of the crystal structure.
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Novikov VV, Kuznetsov SV, Mitroshenkov NV, Matovnikov AV, Ponkratov KV, Konoplin NA, Tolstosheev AK, Bud'ko SL. Magnetic phase transition and lattice dynamic features in ErB 2C borocarbide. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:215701. [PMID: 33592592 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe6de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A sample of erbium borocarbide ErB2C was synthesized from a stoichiometric mixture of erbium, boron, and pyrographite hydride. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity and lattice parameters of borocarbide at 2-300 K were experimentally investigated, the Raman spectrum was determined and analyzed. Sharp anomalies in the heat capacity and magnetic properties of ErB2C nearT= 16.3 K, caused by the transition to the antiferromagnetic state, as well as diffuse anomalies at a higher temperature, caused by the effect of the crystal field (Schottky anomalies) were revealed. It was found that the magnetic phase transition does not cause measurable anomalies in the lattice parameters of borocarbide due to the weak coupling between the Er3+ion subsystem and the B-C layers. Almost zero thermal expansion of erbium borocarbide in the basal plane (alongaandbaxes) (anisotropic invar effect) as well as an unusual character of thec-axis thermal expansion were observed. The first of these features is due to the high bonding energy in the B-C layers and the weak bond between the layers in the borocarbide crystal lattice. It was found that the anomalous expansion along thecaxis is a consequence of the action of the crystal field. The splitting scheme for the ground level of Er3+ions by crystal field was determined from the analysis of the Schottky anomaly of the heat capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Novikov
- Bryansk Physical Laboratory, Petrovsky Bryansk State University, 14 Bezhitskaya St., 241036 Bryansk, Russia
| | - S V Kuznetsov
- Bryansk Physical Laboratory, Petrovsky Bryansk State University, 14 Bezhitskaya St., 241036 Bryansk, Russia
| | - N V Mitroshenkov
- Bryansk Physical Laboratory, Petrovsky Bryansk State University, 14 Bezhitskaya St., 241036 Bryansk, Russia
| | - A V Matovnikov
- Bryansk Physical Laboratory, Petrovsky Bryansk State University, 14 Bezhitskaya St., 241036 Bryansk, Russia
| | - K V Ponkratov
- Renishaw Ltd, 58 Kantemirovskaya st., 115477 Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Konoplin
- Department of Physics, Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Tolstosheev
- Bryansk State Technical University, 7, Bulvar 50-letiya Oktyabrya, Bryansk 241035, Russia
| | - S L Bud'ko
- Ames Laboratory, US DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
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45
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Panas AJ, Szczepaniak R, Stryczniewicz W, Omen Ł. Thermophysical Properties of Temperature-Sensitive Paint. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14082035. [PMID: 33919516 PMCID: PMC8073071 DOI: 10.3390/ma14082035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The complex thermophysical property of temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) research is discussed. TSP is used for visualization of the surface temperature distribution in wind tunnel aerodynamic tests. The purpose of this research was to provide reliable, experimental, thermophysical data of the paint applied as a coating. As TSP is applied as thin surface layers, investigation of its final properties is challenging and demands the application of non-standard procedures. At present, most measurements were performed on composite specimens of TSP deposed onto a thin metallic film substrate or on TSP combined with a cellulose sheet support. The studies involved gravimetric,, thermogravimetric, and microcalorimetric analyses, transversal thermal diffusivity estimation from laser flash data and in-plane effective thermal diffusivity measurements done by the temperature oscillation technique. These results were complemented with scanning electron microcopy analysis, surface characterization and the results of dilatometric measurements performed on the TSP bulk specimens obtained from liquid substrate by casting. Complex analysis of the obtained results indicated an isotropic characteristic of the thermal diffusivity of the TSP layer and provided reliable data on all measured thermophysical parameters—they were revealed to be typical for insulators. Further to presenting these data, the paper, in brief, presents the applied investigation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej J. Panas
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Military University of Technology, Gen. S. Kaliskiego Street No 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Robert Szczepaniak
- Faculty of Aeronautics, Military University of Aviation, Dywizjonu 303 Street No 35, 08-521 Deblin, Poland;
| | - Wit Stryczniewicz
- Aerodynamics Department, Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Aviation, Krakowska Street No 110/114, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Omen
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Military University of Technology, Gen. S. Kaliskiego Street No 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
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46
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Gupta A, Tas B, Korbmacher D, Dutta B, Neitzel Y, Grabowski B, Hickel T, Esin V, Divinski SV, Wilde G, Neugebauer J. A Combined Experimental and First-Principles Based Assessment of Finite-Temperature Thermodynamic Properties of Intermetallic Al 3Sc. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:1837. [PMID: 33917269 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a first-principles assessment of the finite-temperature thermodynamic properties of the intermetallic Al3Sc phase including the complete spectrum of excitations and compare the theoretical findings with our dilatometric and calorimetric measurements. While significant electronic contributions to the heat capacity and thermal expansion are observed near the melting temperature, anharmonic contributions, and electron-phonon coupling effects are found to be relatively small. On the one hand, these accurate methods are used to demonstrate shortcomings of empirical predictions of phase stabilities such as the Neumann-Kopp rule. On the other hand, their combination with elasticity theory was found to provide an upper limit for the size of Al3Sc nanoprecipitates needed to maintain coherency with the host matrix. The chemo-mechanical coupling being responsible for the coherency loss of strengthening precipitates is revealed by a combination of state-of-the-art simulations and dedicated experiments. These findings can be exploited to fine-tune the microstructure of Al-Sc-based alloys to approach optimum mechanical properties.
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47
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Li YS, Kikugawa N, Sokolov DA, Jerzembeck F, Gibbs AS, Maeno Y, Hicks CW, Schmalian J, Nicklas M, Mackenzie AP. High-sensitivity heat-capacity measurements on Sr 2RuO 4 under uniaxial pressure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2020492118. [PMID: 33653958 PMCID: PMC7958258 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020492118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A key question regarding the unconventional superconductivity of [Formula: see text] remains whether the order parameter is single- or two-component. Under a hypothesis of two-component superconductivity, uniaxial pressure is expected to lift their degeneracy, resulting in a split transition. The most direct and fundamental probe of a split transition is heat capacity. Here, we report measurement of heat capacity of samples subject to large and highly homogeneous uniaxial pressure. We place an upper limit on the heat-capacity signature of any second transition of a few percent of that of the primary superconducting transition. The normalized jump in heat capacity, [Formula: see text], grows smoothly as a function of uniaxial pressure, favoring order parameters which are allowed to maximize in the same part of the Brillouin zone as the well-studied van Hove singularity. Thanks to the high precision of our measurements, these findings place stringent constraints on theories of the superconductivity of [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Sheng Li
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Naoki Kikugawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0003, Japan
| | - Dmitry A Sokolov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Jerzembeck
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra S Gibbs
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshiteru Maeno
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Clifford W Hicks
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Schmalian
- Institut für Theorie der Kondensierten Materie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Quantenmaterialien und Technologien, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Nicklas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Andrew P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany;
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
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48
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Thomas A, Paul S, Mitra J, Singh MS. Enhancement of Photoacoustic Signal Strength with Continuous Wave Optical Pre-Illumination: A Non-Invasive Technique. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:1190. [PMID: 33567650 PMCID: PMC7914629 DOI: 10.3390/s21041190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Use of portable and affordable pulse light sources (light emitting diodes (LED) and laser diodes) for tissue illumination offers an opportunity to accelerate the clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) technology. However, imaging depth in this case is limited because of low output (optical) power of these light sources. In this work, we developed a noninvasive technique for enhancing strength (amplitude) of photoacoustic (PA) signal. This is a photothermal-based technique in which a continuous wave (CW) optical beam, in addition to short-pulse ~ nsec laser beam, is employed to irradiate and, thus, raise the temperature of sample material selectively over a pre-specified region of interest (we call the process as pre-illumination). The increase in temperature, in turn enhances the PA-signal strength. Experiments were conducted in methylene blue, which is one of the commonly used contrast agents in laboratory research studies, to validate change in temperature and subsequent enhancement of PA-signal strength for the following cases: (1) concentration or optical absorption coefficient of sample, (2) optical power of CW-optical beam, and (3) time duration of pre-illumination. A theoretical hypothesis, being validated by numerical simulation, is presented. To validate the proposed technique for clinical and/or pre-clinical applications (diagnosis and treatments of cancer, pressure ulcers, and minimally invasive procedures including vascular access and fetal surgery), experiments were conducted in tissue-mimicking Agar phantom and ex-vivo animal tissue (chicken breast). Results demonstrate that pre-illumination significantly enhances PA-signal strength (up to ~70% (methylene blue), ~48% (Agar phantom), and ~40% (chicken tissue)). The proposed technique addresses one of the primary challenges in the clinical translation of LED-based PAI systems (more specifically, to obtain a detectable PA-signal from deep-seated tissue targets).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Thomas
- Biomedical Instrumentation and Imaging Laboratory (BIIL), School of Physics (SoP), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India; (A.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Souradip Paul
- Biomedical Instrumentation and Imaging Laboratory (BIIL), School of Physics (SoP), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India; (A.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Joy Mitra
- Scanning Probe Microscopy and Plasmonics Lab, School of Physics (SoP), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India;
| | - Mayanglambam Suheshkumar Singh
- Biomedical Instrumentation and Imaging Laboratory (BIIL), School of Physics (SoP), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India; (A.T.); (S.P.)
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Grau Turuelo C, Pinnau S, Breitkopf C. Estimating a Stoichiometric Solid's Gibbs Free Energy Model by Means of a Constrained Evolutionary Strategy. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14020471. [PMID: 33478133 PMCID: PMC7835929 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Modeling of thermodynamic properties, like heat capacities for stoichiometric solids, includes the treatment of different sources of data which may be inconsistent and diverse. In this work, an approach based on the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) is proposed and described as an alternative method for data treatment and fitting with the support of data source dependent weight factors and physical constraints. This is applied to a Gibb’s Free Energy stoichiometric model for different magnesium sulfate hydrates by means of the NASA9 polynomial. Its behavior is proved by: (i) The comparison of the model to other standard methods for different heat capacity data, yielding a more plausible curve at high temperature ranges; (ii) the comparison of the fitted heat capacity values of MgSO4·7H2O against DSC measurements, resulting in a mean relative error of a 0.7% and a normalized root mean square deviation of 1.1%; and (iii) comparing the Van’t Hoff and proposed Stoichiometric model vapor-solid equilibrium curves to different literature data for MgSO4·7H2O, MgSO4·6H2O, and MgSO4·1H2O, resulting in similar equilibrium values, especially for MgSO4·7H2O and MgSO4·6H2O. The results show good agreement with the employed data and confirm this method as a viable alternative for fitting complex physically constrained data sets, while being a potential approach for automatic data fitting of substance data.
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50
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Hester G, DeLazzer TN, Lim SS, Brown CM, Ross KA. Néel ordering in the distorted honeycomb pyrosilicate: C-Er 2Si 2O 7. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:10.1088/1361-648X/abd5f8. [PMID: 33352544 PMCID: PMC10629842 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd5f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rare-earth pyrosilicate family of compounds (RE2Si2O7) hosts a variety of polymorphs, some with honeycomb-like geometries of the rare-earth sublattices, and the magnetism has yet to be deeply explored in many of the cases. Here we report on the ground state properties of C-Er2Si2O7. C-Er2Si2O7crystallizes in the C2/m space group and the Er3+atoms form a distorted honeycomb lattice in thea-bplane. We have utilized specific heat, DC susceptibility, and neutron diffraction measurements to characterize C-Er2Si2O7. Our specific heat and DC susceptibility measurements show signatures of antiferromagnetic ordering at 2.3 K. Neutron powder diffraction confirms this transition temperature and the relative intensities of the magnetic Bragg peaks are consistent with a collinear Néel state in the magnetic space group C2'/m, with ordered moment of 6.61μBcanted 13° away from thec-axis toward thea-axis. These results are discussed in relation to the isostructural quantum dimer magnet compound Yb2Si2O7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hester
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1875, USA
| | - T. N. DeLazzer
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1875, USA
| | - S. S. Lim
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1875, USA
| | - C. M. Brown
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-6102, USA
| | - K. A. Ross
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1875, USA
- Quantum Materials Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
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