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La Spada P, Dominguez E, Continella A, Heredia A, Gentile A. Factors influencing fruit cracking: an environmental and agronomic perspective. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1343452. [PMID: 38434425 PMCID: PMC10904461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Fruit cracking, a widespread physiological disorder affecting various fruit crops and vegetables, has profound implications for fruit quality and marketability. This mini review delves into the multifaceted factors contributing to fruit cracking and emphasizes the pivotal roles of environmental and agronomic factors in its occurrence. Environmental variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and light exposure are explored as determinants factors influencing fruit cracking susceptibility. Furthermore, the significance of mineral nutrition and plant growth regulators in mitigating fruit cracking risk is elucidated, being calcium deficiency identified as a prominent variable in various fruit species. In recent years, precision farming and monitoring systems have emerged as valuable tools for managing environmental factors and optimizing fruit production. By meticulously tracking parameters such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and fruit skin temperature, growers can make informed decisions to prevent or alleviate fruit cracking. In conclusion, effective prevention of fruit cracking necessitates a comprehensive approach that encompasses both environmental and agronomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo La Spada
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A) - Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eva Dominguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Continella
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A) - Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alessandra Gentile
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A) - Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
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González Moreno A, Woolley JM, Domínguez E, de Cózar A, Heredia A, Stavros VG. Synergic photoprotection of phenolic compounds present in tomato fruit cuticle: a spectroscopic investigation in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:12791-12799. [PMID: 37129056 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00630a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Coumaric acids and flavonoids play pivotal roles in protecting plants against ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. In this work, we focus our photoprotection studies on p-coumaric acid and the flavonoid naringenin chalcone. Photoprotection is well-understood in p-coumaric acid; in contrast, information surrounding photoprotection in naringenin chalcone is lacking. Additionally, and vitally, how these two species work in unison to provide photoprotection across the UV-B and UV-A is unknown. Herein, we employ transient absorption spectroscopy together with steady-state irradiation studies to unravel the photoprotection mechanism of a solution of p-coumaric acid and naringenin chalcone. We find that the excited state dynamics of p-coumaric acid are significantly altered in the presence of naringenin chalcone. This finding concurs with quenching of the p-coumaric acid fluorescence with increasing concentration of naringenin chalcone. We propose a Förster energy transfer mechanism is operative via the formation of dipole-dipole interactions between p-coumaric acid and naringenin chalcone. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration in plants of a synergic effect between two classes of phenolics to bypass the potentially damaging effects of UVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana González Moreno
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Jack M Woolley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Plant breeding and Biotechnology, CSIC, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Abel de Cózar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I/Kimika Organikoa I Saila, Facultad de Química/Kimika Fakultatea, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P. K, 1072, 20018 San Sebastián - Donostia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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3
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Meléndez-López A, Cruz-Castañeda J, Negrón-Mendoza A, Ramos-Bernal S, Heredia A, Castro-Sanpedro L, Aguilar-Flores D. Gamma irradiation of adenine and guanine adsorbed into hectorite and attapulgite. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16071. [PMID: 37215897 PMCID: PMC10196509 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the radiolysis (up to 36 kGy) of guanine and adenine (nitrogenous bases) adsorbed in hectorite and attapulgite to highlight the potential role of clays as protective agents against ionizing radiation in prebiotic processes. In this framework, the study investigated the nitrogenous bases' behavior in two types of systems: a) aqueous suspension of adenine-clay systems and b) guanine-clay systems in the solid state. This research utilized spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques for its analytical purposes. Regardless of the reaction medium conditions, the results reveal that nitrogenous bases are stable under ionizing irradiation when adsorbed on both clays.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Meléndez-López
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - J. Cruz-Castañeda
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - A. Negrón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - S. Ramos-Bernal
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - A. Heredia
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Deleg. Coyoacán, Apartado Postal 70-543, C.P. 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - L.G. Castro-Sanpedro
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Campus 2. Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Ejército de Oriente Zona Peñón, Iztapalapa, 09230, CDMX, Mexico
| | - D. Aguilar-Flores
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza Campus 2. Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Ejército de Oriente Zona Peñón, Iztapalapa, 09230, CDMX, Mexico
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4
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Menard O, Lesmes U, Shani-Levi CS, Araiza Calahorra A, Lavoisier A, Morzel M, Rieder A, Feron G, Nebbia S, Mashiah L, Andres A, Bornhorst G, Carrière F, Egger L, Gwala S, Heredia A, Kirkhus B, Macierzanka A, Portman R, Recio I, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Tournier C, Sarkar A, Brodkorb A, Mackie A, Dupont D. Static in vitro digestion model adapted to the general older adult population: an INFOGEST international consensus. Food Funct 2023; 14:4569-4582. [PMID: 37099034 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of food digestion is of paramount importance to determine the effect foods have on human health. Significant knowledge on the fate of food during digestion has been generated in healthy adults due to the development of physiologically-relevant in vitro digestion models. However, it appears that the performance of the oro-gastrointestinal tract is affected by ageing and that a model simulating the digestive conditions found in a younger adult (<65 years) is not relevant for an older adult (>65 years). The objectives of the present paper were: (1) to conduct an exhaustive literature search to find data on the physiological parameters of the older adult oro-gastrointestinal tract, (2) to define the parameters of an in vitro digestion model adapted to the older adult. International experts have discussed all the parameters during a dedicated workshop organized within the INFOGEST network. Data on food bolus properties collected in the older adult were gathered, including food particle size found in older adult boluses. In the stomach and small intestine, data suggest that significant physiological changes are observed between younger and older adults. In the latter, the rate of gastric emptying is slowed down, the pH of the stomach content is higher, the amount of secretions and thus the hydrolytic activities of gastric and intestinal digestive enzymes are reduced and the concentration of bile salts lower. The consensus in vitro digestion model of the older adult proposed here will allow significant progress to be made in understanding the fate of food in this specific population, facilitating the development of foods adapted to their nutritional needs. Nevertheless, better foundational data when available and further refinement of the parameters will be needed to implement the proposed model in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Menard
- INRAE - Institut Agro, STLO, Rennes, France.
| | - U Lesmes
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
| | | | | | - A Lavoisier
- INRAE - Institut Agro, STLO, Rennes, France.
| | - M Morzel
- INRAE - Institut Agro, STLO, Rennes, France.
| | - A Rieder
- Nofima AS - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture, PB 210, N-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - G Feron
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- INRAE, PROBE research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - S Nebbia
- INRAE - Institut Agro, STLO, Rennes, France.
| | - L Mashiah
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
| | - A Andres
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - G Bornhorst
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - F Carrière
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, UMR7281 Bioenergetics and Protein Engineering, Marseille, France
| | - L Egger
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Gwala
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Moorepark, Ireland
| | - A Heredia
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Kirkhus
- Nofima AS - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture, PB 210, N-1433 Ås, Norway
| | - A Macierzanka
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Colloid and Lipid Science, 80-322 Gdansk, Poland
| | - R Portman
- Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstr, 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - I Recio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Santé-Lhoutellier
- INRAE, France, QuaPA, UR370, Centre de Clermont Auvergne Rhône Alpes, F-63122 Saint Genes Champanelle, France
| | - C Tournier
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- INRAE, PROBE research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - A Sarkar
- Univ Leeds, Sch Food Sci & Nutr, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, UK
| | - A Brodkorb
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Moorepark, Ireland
| | - A Mackie
- Univ Leeds, Sch Food Sci & Nutr, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, UK
| | - D Dupont
- INRAE - Institut Agro, STLO, Rennes, France.
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5
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Molina I, Bueno A, Heredia A, Domínguez E. Editorial: Plant cuticle: From biosynthesis to ecological functions. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1154255. [PMID: 36875608 PMCID: PMC9975735 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1154255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Molina
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Algoma University, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada
| | - Amauri Bueno
- Chair of Botany II – Ecophysiology and Vegetation Ecology, Julius von Sachs Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
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6
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González Moreno A, Domínguez E, Mayer K, Xiao N, Bock P, Heredia A, Gierlinger N. 3D (x-y-t) Raman imaging of tomato fruit cuticle: Microchemistry during development. Plant Physiol 2023; 191:219-232. [PMID: 35972400 PMCID: PMC9806558 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle is a protective extracellular matrix that covers the above-ground epidermis of land plants. Here, we studied the cuticle of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits in situ using confocal Raman microscopy. Microsections from cuticles isolated at different developmental stages were scanned to visualize cuticle components with a spatial resolution of 342 nm by univariate and multivariate data analysis. Three main components, cutin, polysaccharides, and aromatics, were identified, with the latter exhibiting the strongest Raman scattering intensity. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were differentiated within the cuticle, and three schematic cuticle models were identified during development. Phenolic acids were found across the entire cuticle at the earliest stage of development, i.e. during the formation of the procuticle layer. Based on a mixture analysis with reference component spectra, the phenolic acids were identified as mainly esterified p-coumaric acid together with free p-hydroxybenzoic acid. During the cell expansion period of growth, phenolic acids accumulated in an outermost layer of the cuticle and in the middle region of the pegs. In these stages of development, cellulose and pectin were detected next to the inner cuticle region, close to the epidermal cell where flavonoid impregnation started during ripening. In the first ripening stage, chalconaringenin was observed, while methoxylated chalcones were chosen by the algorithm to fit the mature cuticle spectra. The colocation of carbohydrates, esterified p-coumaric acid, and methoxylated chalconaringenin suggests that the latter two link polysaccharide and cutin domains. Elucidating the different distribution of aromatics within the cuticle, suggests important functions: (1) overall impregnation conferring mechanical and thermal functions (2) the outermost phenolic acid layer displaying UV-B protection of the plant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Plant breeding and Biotechnology, CSIC, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Konrad Mayer
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nannan Xiao
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Bock
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
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7
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Guzman-Puyol S, Hierrezuelo J, Benítez JJ, Tedeschi G, Porras-Vázquez JM, Heredia A, Athanassiou A, Romero D, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Transparent, UV-blocking, and high barrier cellulose-based bioplastics with naringin as active food packaging materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1985-1994. [PMID: 35504412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing, robust, and transparent bioplastics were obtained by blending cellulose and naringin at different proportions. Optical, thermal, mechanical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties were systematically investigated. In general, the incorporation of naringin produced important UV blocking and plasticizer effects and good antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Moreover, the barrier properties were characterized by determination of their water and oxygen transmission rates, finding that both parameters decreased by increasing the naringin content and reaching values similar to other petroleum-based plastics and cellulose derivatives used for food packaging applications. Finally, the biodegradability of these films was determined by measurement of the biological oxygen demand (BOD) in seawater, demonstrating an excellent decomposition in such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Jesús Hierrezuelo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Microbiología, Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José J Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Giacomo Tedeschi
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - José M Porras-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Diego Romero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Microbiología, Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José A Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010, Malaga, Spain.
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Sánchez-García J, Asensio-Grau A, García-Hernández J, Heredia A, Andrés A. Nutritional and antioxidant changes in lentils and quinoa through fungal solid-state fermentation with Pleurotus ostreatus. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:51. [PMID: 38647784 PMCID: PMC10991673 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) may be a suitable bioprocess to produce protein-vegetal ingredients with increased nutritional and functional value. This study assessed changes in phenol content, antinutrient content, biomass production and protein production resulting from the metabolic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus, an edible fungus, in lentils and quinoa over 14 days of SSF. The impact of particle size on these parameters was also assessed because the process was conducted in both seeds and flours. Fungus biomass increased during fermentation, reaching 30.0 ± 1.4 mg/g dry basis and 32 ± 3 mg/g dry basis in lentil grain and flour and 52.01 ± 1.08 mg/g dry basis and 45 ± 2 mg/g dry basis in quinoa seeds and flour after 14 days of SSF. Total protein content also increased by 20% to 25% during fermentation, in all cases except lentil flour. However, the soluble protein fraction remained constant. Regarding phytic acid, SSF had a positive impact, with a progressive decrease being higher in flours than in seeds. Regarding antioxidant properties, autoclaving of the substrates promoted the release of polyphenols, together with antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP), in all substrates. However, these parameters drastically decreased as fermentation progressed. These results provide scientific knowledge for producing lentil- or quinoa-based ingredients with low antinutrient content enriched with protein fungal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sánchez-García
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo (IIAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Asensio-Grau
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo (IIAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - J García-Hernández
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos (CAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Heredia
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo (IIAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Andrés
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Para el Desarrollo (IIAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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9
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González Moreno A, de Cózar A, Prieto P, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Radiationless mechanism of UV deactivation by cuticle phenolics in plants. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1786. [PMID: 35379806 PMCID: PMC8979964 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycinnamic acids present in plant cuticles, the interphase and the main protective barrier between the plant and the environment, exhibit singular photochemical properties that could allow them to act as a UV shield. Here, we employ transient absorption spectroscopy on isolated cuticles and leaf epidermises to study in situ the photodynamics of these molecules in the excited state. Based on quantum chemical calculations on p-coumaric acid, the main phenolic acid present in the cuticle, we propose a model in which cuticle phenolics display a photoprotective mechanism based in an ultrafast and non-radiative excited state deactivation combined with fluorescence emission. As such, the cuticle can be regarded as the first and foremost protective barrier against UV radiation. This photostable and photodynamic mechanism seems to be universal in land plants giving a special role and function to the presence of different aromatic domains in plant cuticles and epidermises. Phenolics are abundant in plant cuticles. Here, via transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, the authors propose a model by which cuticle phenolics provide photoprotection due to ultrafast and non-radiative excited state deactivation combined with fluorescence emission.
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10
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Gómez-Pulido LDM, González-Cano RC, Benítez JJ, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Structural analysis of mixed α- and β-amyrin samples. R Soc Open Sci 2022; 9:211787. [PMID: 35425629 PMCID: PMC9006005 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the structure and molecular arrangement of α- and β-amyrin, a class of triterpenoids found within the cuticle of higher plants. Blends of both amyrin isomers with different ratios have been studied taking into consideration a combined methodology of density functional theory (DFT) calculations with experimental data from scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and Raman vibrational spectroscopy. Results indicate that trigonal trimeric aggregations of isomer mixtures are more stable, especially in the 1 : 2 (α : β) ratio. A combination of Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations has allowed to develop an equation to determine the amount of β-amyrin in a mixed sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz D. M. Gómez-Pulido
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael C. González-Cano
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla. Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, E-41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
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11
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Benítez JJ, González Moreno A, Guzmán-Puyol S, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A, Domínguez E. The Response of Tomato Fruit Cuticle Membranes Against Heat and Light. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:807723. [PMID: 35069665 PMCID: PMC8777011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.807723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Two important biophysical properties, the thermal and UV-Vis screening capacity, of isolated tomato fruit cuticle membranes (CM) have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-Vis spectrometry, respectively. A first order melting, corresponding to waxes, and a second order glass transition (T g ) thermal events have been observed. The glass transition was less defined and displaced toward higher temperatures along the fruit ripening. In immature and mature green fruits, the CM was always in the viscous and more fluid state but, in ripe fruits, daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations may cause the transition between the glassy and viscous states altering the mass transfer between the epidermal plant cells and the environment. CM dewaxing reduced the T g value, as derived from the role of waxes as fillers. T g reduction was more intense after polysaccharide removal due to their highly interwoven distribution within the cutin matrix that restricts the chain mobility. Such effect was amplified by the presence of phenolic compounds in ripe cuticle membranes. The structural rigidity induced by phenolics in tomato CMs was directly reflected in their mechanical elastic modulus. The heat capacity (Cp rev ) of cuticle membranes was found to depend on the developmental stage of the fruits and was higher in immature and green stages. The average Cp rev value was above the one of air, which confers heat regulation capacity to CM. Cuticle membranes screened the UV-B light by 99% irrespectively the developmental stage of the fruit. As intra and epicuticular waxes contributed very little to the UV screening, this protection capacity is attributed to the absorption by cinnamic acid derivatives. However, the blocking capacity toward UV-A is mainly due to the CM thickness increment during growth and to the absorption by flavone chalconaringenin accumulated during ripening. The build-up of phenolic compounds was found to be an efficient mechanism to regulate both the thermal and UV screening properties of cuticle membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana González Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Susana Guzmán-Puyol
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A. Heredia-Guerrero
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
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12
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Morselli D, Cataldi P, Paul UC, Ceseracciu L, Benitez JJ, Scarpellini A, Guzman-Puyol S, Heredia A, Valentini P, Pompa PP, Marrero-López D, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Zinc Polyaleuritate Ionomer Coatings as a Sustainable, Alternative Technology for Bisphenol A-Free Metal Packaging. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2021; 9:15484-15495. [PMID: 34840919 PMCID: PMC8611806 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable coatings for metal food packaging were prepared from ZnO nanoparticles (obtained by the thermal decomposition of zinc acetate) and a naturally occurring polyhydroxylated fatty acid named aleuritic (or 9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic) acid. Both components reacted, originating under specific conditions zinc polyaleuritate ionomers. The polymerization of aleuritic acid into polyaleuritate by a solvent-free, melt polycondensation reaction was investigated at different times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min), temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200 °C), and proportions of zinc oxide and aleuritic acid (0:100, 5:95, 10:90, and 50:50, w/w). Kinetic rate constants calculated by infrared spectroscopy decreased with the amount of Zn due to the consumption of reactive carboxyl groups, while the activation energy of the polymerization decreased as a consequence of the catalyst effect of the metal. The adhesion and hardness of coatings were determined from scratch tests, obtaining values similar to robust polymers with high adherence. Water contact angles were typical of hydrophobic materials with values ≥94°. Both mechanical properties and wettability were better than those of bisphenol A (BPA)-based resins and most likely are related to the low migration values determined using a hydrophilic food simulant. The presence of zinc provided a certain degree of antibacterial properties. The performance of the coatings against corrosion was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at different immersion times in an aqueous solution of NaCl. Considering the features of these biobased lacquers, they can be potential materials for bisphenol A-free metal packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Morselli
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Cataldi
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via G. Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Uttam Chandra Paul
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Jose Jesus Benitez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad
de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio
49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Alice Scarpellini
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Instituto
de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La
Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 49, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento
de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea
“La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior
de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Paola Valentini
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostic, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostic, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Instituto
de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La
Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 49, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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13
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González Moreno A, Prieto P, Ruiz Delgado MC, Domínguez E, Heredia A, de Cózar A. Structure, isomerization and dimerization processes of naringenin flavonoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18068-18077. [PMID: 34388230 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01161h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the theoretical and experimental results on the molecular structure and reactivity of the plant flavonoids naringenin chalcone and naringenin are reported. UV-vis and Raman spectra were recorded and their main bands have been assigned theoretically. Moreover, the analysis of the naringenin chalcone-naringenin cyclization-isomerization reaction and the formation of homodimers and heterodimers have been performed within a DFT framework. The presence of H-bonded water networks is mandatory to make the cyclization energetically suitable, suggesting that this equilibrium will occur in an aqueous intracellular environment rather than in the extracellular and hydrophobic plant cuticles. Additionally, the preferential formation of homodimers stabilized by π-π stacking that will interact with other dimers by H-bonding over the formation of naringenin chalcone-naringenin heterodimers is also proposed in a hydrophobic environment. These results give a plausible model to explain how flavonoids are located within the cuticle molecular arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana González Moreno
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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14
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Muñoz-Medel M, Heredia A, Garrido M, Sabioncello A, Córdova-Delgado M, Retamal I, Pinto M, Fernandez P, Garrido M. P-132 Molecular profiling of KIT and PDGFRA in Chilean GIST patients: A Latin-American perspective. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Garrido-Galand S, Asensio-Grau A, Calvo-Lerma J, Heredia A, Andrés A. The potential of fermentation on nutritional and technological improvement of cereal and legume flours: A review. Food Res Int 2021; 145:110398. [PMID: 34112401 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays there is an increasing demand for vegetable protein sources as an alternative to that of animal origin, not only for its greater environmental sustainability but also for its relationship with lower risk of suffering cardiovascular diseases. Legumes, cereals and seeds are seen as a good proteinaceous source providing as well dietetic fiber and phytochemicals with antioxidant properties. However, their digestibility and bioavailability are limited by the presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) but susceptible of being improved by soaking, cooking or fermentation. The objective of this work is to review the solid-state and submerged fermentation effect on nutritional and functional properties of legumes, cereals and seeds. The microorganisms involved (bacteria, fungus and yeasts) are able to produce enzymes that degrade ANFs giving rise to more digestible flours with a more interesting nutritional, sensorial and technological profile. Solid-state fermentation is more commonly used for its higher efficiency, accepting agro-industrial residues as substrates and its lower volume of effluents. Fermented legumes had their technological properties enhanced while an increment in antioxidant properties was characteristic of cereals. The present review highlights fermentation of cereals and legumes mainly as a key process that at industrial scale could generate new products with enhanced nutritional and technological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Garrido-Galand
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IU-IAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - A Asensio-Grau
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IU-IAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Calvo-Lerma
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IU-IAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - A Heredia
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IU-IAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Andrés
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo (IU-IAD), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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16
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Gómez-Pulido LDM, González-Cano RC, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Structure determination of oleanolic and ursolic acids: a combined density functional theory/vibrational spectroscopy methodology. R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210162. [PMID: 34109042 PMCID: PMC8170201 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Raw samples of oleanolic and ursolic acids, a class of terpenoid acids mainly found in the leaf and fruit cuticles of some plant species, can be defined as a blend of clusters of different conformers aggregated in dimers and tetramers by means of hydrogen bonds and stabilized by non-electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz D. M. Gómez-Pulido
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael C. González-Cano
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
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17
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Barraj Barraj R, Segado P, Moreno-González R, Heredia A, Fernández-Muñoz R, Domínguez E. Genome-wide QTL analysis of tomato fruit cuticle deposition and composition. Hortic Res 2021; 8:113. [PMID: 33931622 PMCID: PMC8087829 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Genetics of traits related to fruit cuticle deposition and composition was studied in two red-fruited tomato species. Two mapping populations derived from the cross between the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and its closest relative wild species Solanum pimpinellifolium L. were employed to conduct a QTL analysis. A combination of fruit cuticle deposition, components and anatomical traits were investigated and the individual effect of each QTL evaluated. A total of 70 QTLs were identified, indicating that all the cuticle traits analyzed have a complex polygenic nature. A combination of additive and epistatic interactions was observed for all the traits, with positive contribution of both parental lines to most of them. Colocalization of QTLs for various traits uncovered novel genomic regions producing extensive changes in the cuticle. Cuticle density emerges as an important trait since it can modulate cuticle thickness and invagination thus providing a strategy for sustaining mechanical strength without compromising palatability. Two genomic regions, located in chromosomes 1 and 12, are responsible for the negative interaction between cuticle waxes and phenolics identified in tomato fruit. Several candidate genes, including transcription factors and structural genes, are postulated and their expression analyzed throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Barraj Barraj
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750, Málaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Segado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocío Moreno-González
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia and Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Muñoz
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750, Málaga, Spain.
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18
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González Moreno A, Guzman-Puyol S, Domínguez E, Benítez JJ, Segado P, Lauciello S, Ceseracciu L, Porras-Vázquez JM, Leon-Reina L, Heredia A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Pectin-cellulose nanocrystal biocomposites: Tuning of physical properties and biodegradability. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:709-717. [PMID: 33771545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of pectin-cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) biocomposites has been systematically investigated by blending both polysaccharides at different relative concentrations. Circular free-standing films with a diameter of 9 cm were prepared by simple solution of these carbohydrates in water followed by drop-casting and solvent evaporation. The addition of pectin allows to finely tune the properties of the biocomposites. Textural characterization by AFM showed fibrous morphology and an increase in fiber diameter with pectin content. XRD analysis demonstrated that pectin incorporation also reduced the degree of crystallinity though no specific interaction between both polysaccharides was detected, by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The optical properties of these biocomposites were characterized for the first time and it was found that pectin in the blend reduced the reflectance of visible light and increased UV absorbance. Thermal stability, analyzed by TGA, was improved with the incorporation of pectin. Finally, pectin-cellulose nanocrystal biocomposites showed a good biodegradability in seawater, comparable to other common bioplastics such as cellulose and low-molecular weight polylactide, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana González Moreno
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - José J Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Patricia Segado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Simone Lauciello
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - José M Porras-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Leon-Reina
- Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José A Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain.
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19
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Benítez JJ, Guzmán-Puyol S, Vilaplana F, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Mechanical Performances of Isolated Cuticles Along Tomato Fruit Growth and Ripening. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:787839. [PMID: 34975973 PMCID: PMC8718444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.787839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle is the most external layer that protects fruits from the environment and constitutes the first shield against physical impacts. The preservation of its mechanical integrity is essential to avoid the access to epidermal cell walls and to prevent mass loss and damage that affect the commercial quality of fruits. The rheology of the cuticle is also very important to respond to the size modification along fruit growth and to regulate the diffusion of molecules from and toward the atmosphere. The mechanical performance of cuticles is regulated by the amount and assembly of its components (mainly cutin, polysaccharides, and waxes). In tomato fruit cuticles, phenolics, a minor cuticle component, have been found to have a strong influence on their mechanical behavior. To fully characterize the biomechanics of tomato fruit cuticle, transient creep, uniaxial tests, and multi strain dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements have been carried out. Two well-differentiated stages have been identified. At early stages of growth, characterized by a low phenolic content, the cuticle displays a soft elastic behavior. Upon increased phenolic accumulation during ripening, a progressive stiffening is observed. The increment of viscoelasticity in ripe fruit cuticles has also been associated with the presence of these compounds. The transition from the soft elastic to the more rigid viscoelastic regime can be explained by the cooperative association of phenolics with both the cutin and the polysaccharide fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: José J. Benítez,
| | - Susana Guzmán-Puyol
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José A. Heredia-Guerrero
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Segado P, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A, Domínguez E. Cutinsomes and CUTIN SYNTHASE1 Function Sequentially in Tomato Fruit Cutin Deposition. Plant Physiol 2020; 183:1622-1637. [PMID: 32457092 PMCID: PMC7401130 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The aerial parts of plants, including the leaves, fruits and non-lignified stems, are covered with a protective cuticle, largely composed of the polyester cutin. Two mechanisms of cutin deposition have been identified in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. The contribution of each mechanism to cutin synthesis and deposition has shown a temporal and coordinated sequence that correlates with the two periods of organ growth, cell division and cell expansion. Cutinsomes, self-assembled particles composed of esterified cutin monomers, are involved in the synthesis of the procuticle during cell division and provide a template for further cutin deposition. CUTIN SYNTHASE1 (CUS1), an acyl transferase enzyme that links cutin monomers, contributes to massive cuticle deposition during the early stages of the cell expansion period by incorporating additional cutin to the procuticle template. However, cutin deposition and polymerization appear to be part of a more complex biological scenario, which is yet not fully understood. CUS1 is also associated with the coordinated growth of the cutinized and non-cutinized domains of the outer epidermal wall, and affects cell size. A dynamic and complex interplay linking cutin synthesis with cell wall development and epidermal cell size has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Segado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain
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21
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Benítez JJ, Osbild S, Guzman-Puyol S, Heredia A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Bio-Based Coatings for Food Metal Packaging Inspired in Biopolyester Plant Cutin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040942. [PMID: 32325676 PMCID: PMC7240666 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals used for food canning such as aluminum (Al), chromium-coated tin-free steel (TFS) and electrochemically tin-plated steel (ETP) were coated with a 2-3-µm-thick layer of polyaleuritate, the polyester resulting from the self-esterification of naturally-occurring 9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic (aleuritic) acid. The kinetic of the esterification was studied by FTIR spectroscopy; additionally, the catalytic activity of the surface layer of chromium oxide on TFS and, in particular, of tin oxide on ETP, was established. The texture, gloss and wettability of coatings were characterized by AFM, UV-Vis total reflectance and static water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The resistance of the coatings to solvents was also determined and related to the fraction of unreacted polyhydroxyacid. The occurrence of an oxidative diol cleavage reaction upon preparation in air induced a structural modification of the polyaleuritate layer and conferred upon it thermal stability and resistance to solvents. The promoting effect of the tin oxide layer in such an oxidative cleavage process fosters the potential of this methodology for the design of effective long-chain polyhydroxyester coatings on ETP.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sonja Osbild
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (ISM)-La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología (CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-P.); (A.H.); (J.A.H.-G.)
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (ISM)-La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología (CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-P.); (A.H.); (J.A.H.-G.)
| | - José A. Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (ISM)-La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología (CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-P.); (A.H.); (J.A.H.-G.)
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22
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Gómez-Pulido LDM, González-Cano RC, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Structure determination of amyrin isomers in cuticular waxes: a combined DFT/vibrational spectroscopy methodology. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7654-7660. [PMID: 35492148 PMCID: PMC9049878 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new methodology for the structural characterization of amyrins, a class of triterpenoids found within the fruit and leaf cuticles of higher plants. Two amyrin isomers (α and β) have been studied taking into consideration a hydrophobic molecular scenario that mimics the cuticle matrix. DFT calculations have been employed in combination with experimental data from Raman vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. A new methodology for the structural characterization of amyrins based on DFT calculations and Raman vibrational spectroscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz D. M. Gómez-Pulido
- IHSM La Mayora
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- Málaga
- Spain
| | | | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM La Mayora
- Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- Málaga
- Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM La Mayora
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Málaga
- E-29071 Málaga
- Spain
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23
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Benítez JJ, Guzman-Puyol S, Cruz-Carrillo MA, Ceseracciu L, González Moreno A, Heredia A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Insoluble and Thermostable Polyhydroxyesters From a Renewable Natural Occurring Polyhydroxylated Fatty Acid. Front Chem 2019; 7:643. [PMID: 31616655 PMCID: PMC6768952 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential of long chain polyhydroxyalkanoates as non-toxic food packaging materials, the characterization of polyesters prepared from a natural occurring polyhydroxylated C16 carboxylic acid (9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic or aleuritic acid) has been addressed. Such monomer has been selected to elucidate the reactivity of primary and secondary hydroxyl groups and their contribution to the structure and properties of the polyester. Resulting polyaleuritate films have been produced using an open mold in one-step, solvent-free self-polycondensation in melt state and directly in air to evaluate the effect of oxygen in their final physical and chemical properties. These polymers are amorphous, insoluble, and thermostable, being therefore suitable for solvent, and heat resistant barrier materials. Structurally, most of primary hydroxyls are involved in ester bonds, but there is some branching arising from the partial participation of secondary O-H groups. The oxidative cleavage of the vicinal diol moiety and a subsequent secondary esterification had a noticeable effect on the amorphization and stiffening of the polyester by branching and densification of the ester bond network. A derivation of such structural modification was the surface compaction and the reduction of permeability to water molecules. The addition of Ti(OiPr)4 as a catalyst had a moderate effect, likely because of a poor diffusion within the melt, but noticeably accelerated both the secondary esterification and the oxidative processes. Primary esterification was a high conversion bulk reaction while oxidation and secondary esterification was restricted to nearby regions of the air exposed side of cast films. The reason was a progressive hindering of oxygen diffusion as the reaction progresses and a self-regulation of the altered layer growth. Despite such a reduced extent, the oxidized layer noticeably increased the UV-vis light blockage capacity. In general, characterized physical properties suggest a high potential of these polyaleuritate polyesters as food preserving materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jesús Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Ana González Moreno
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Málaga, Spain
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24
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Lara I, Heredia A, Domínguez E. Shelf Life Potential and the Fruit Cuticle: The Unexpected Player. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:770. [PMID: 31244879 PMCID: PMC6581714 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The plant cuticle is an extracellular barrier that protects the aerial, non-lignified parts of plants from the surrounding environment, and furthermore plays important functions in organ growth and development. The role of the cuticle in post-harvest quality of fruits is a topic currently driving a lot of interest since an increasing bulk of research data show its modulating influence on a number of important traits determining shelf life and storage potential, including water transpiration and fruit dehydration, susceptibility to rots, pests and disorders, and even firmness. Moreover, the properties of fruit cuticles keep evolving after harvest, and have also been shown to be highly responsive to the external conditions surrounding the fruit. Indeed, common post-harvest treatments will have an impact on cuticle integrity and performance that needs to be evaluated for a deeper understanding of changes in post-harvest quality. In this review, chemical and biophysical properties of fruit cuticles are summarized. An overview is also provided of post-harvest changes in cuticles and the effects thereupon of some post-harvest procedures, with the purpose of offering a comprehensive summary of currently available information. Identification of natural sources of variability in relevant quality traits would allow breeding for the improvement of post-harvest life of fruit commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Lara
- Unitat de Postcollita-XaRTA, AGROTÈCNIO, Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Málaga, Spain
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25
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Contardi M, Alfaro-Pulido A, Picone P, Guzman-Puyol S, Goldoni L, Benítez JJ, Heredia A, Barthel MJ, Ceseracciu L, Cusimano G, Brancato OR, Di Carlo M, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Low molecular weight ε-caprolactone-p-coumaric acid copolymers as potential biomaterials for skin regeneration applications. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214956. [PMID: 30958838 PMCID: PMC6453441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ε-caprolactone-p-coumaric acid copolymers at different mole ratios (ε-caprolactone:p-coumaric acid 1:0, 10:1, 8:1, 6:1, 4:1, and 2:1) were synthesized by melt-polycondensation and using 4-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid as catalyst. Chemical analysis by NMR and GPC showed that copolyesters were formed with decreasing molecular weight as p-coumaric acid content was increased. Physical characteristics, such as thermal and mechanical properties, as well as water uptake and water permeability, depended on the mole fraction of p-coumaric acid. The p-coumarate repetitive units increased the antioxidant capacity of the copolymers, showing antibacterial activity against the common pathogen Escherichia coli. In addition, all the synthesized copolyesters, except the one with the highest concentration of the phenolic acid, were cytocompatible and hemocompatible, thus becoming potentially useful for skin regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy", CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Luca Goldoni
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - José J. Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM), La Mayora Universidad de Málaga-CSIC Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Markus J. Barthel
- Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cusimano
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy", CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy", CNR, Palermo, Italy
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26
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Armellini R, Peinado I, Asensio-Grau A, Pittia P, Scampicchio M, Heredia A, Andres A. In vitro starch digestibility and fate of crocins in pasta enriched with saffron extract. Food Chem 2019; 283:155-163. [PMID: 30722855 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to study the effect of the addition of saffron extract on fresh pasta in-vitro digestibility. Fresh pasta was formulated with different concentrations of saffron extracts (0.2 and 0.4 %w/w), cooked at two different times (1.5 and 3 min), and in vitro digested (oral, gastric and intestinal stages). Oil was added to pasta before digestion to evaluate the presence of lipids on starch and crocin bioaccessibility. Saffron enrichment and oil addition slowed down the digestion of starch, thus, decreasing the glycemic index of pasta. Concentration of saffron and oil addition contributed to crocin release in the digestion fluids, with the opposite effect of cooking time. Isomerization from trans to cis was enhanced by both, cooking and oil addition. Bioaccessibility of total crocins varied from 2.9 ± 1.1, to 97 ± 3%. Finally, the trans:cis isomers distribution was only close to 50:50 in enriched-pasta cooked during 3 min or with oil addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Armellini
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; University of Teramo, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - I Peinado
- Research Institute for Food Research and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Asensio-Grau
- Research Institute for Food Research and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - P Pittia
- University of Teramo, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - M Scampicchio
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - A Heredia
- Research Institute for Food Research and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Andres
- Research Institute for Food Research and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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27
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Benítez JJ, Castillo PM, Del Río JC, León-Camacho M, Domínguez E, Heredia A, Guzmán-Puyol S, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Valorization of Tomato Processing by-Products: Fatty Acid Extraction and Production of Bio-Based Materials. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E2211. [PMID: 30405081 PMCID: PMC6266337 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A method consisting of the alkaline hydrolysis of tomato pomace by-products has been optimized to obtain a mixture of unsaturated and polyhydroxylated fatty acids as well as a non-hydrolysable secondary residue. Reaction rates and the activation energy of the hydrolysis were calculated to reduce costs associated with chemicals and energy consumption. Lipid and non-hydrolysable fractions were chemically (infrared (IR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS)) and thermally (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)) characterized. In addition, the fatty acid mixture was used to produce cutin-based polyesters. Freestanding films were prepared by non-catalyzed melt-polycondensation and characterized by Attenuated Total Reflected-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), DSC, TGA, Water Contact Angles (WCA), and tensile tests. These bio-based polymers were hydrophobic, insoluble, infusible, and thermally stable, their physical properties being tunable by controlling the presence of unsaturated fatty acids and oxygen in the reaction. The participation of an oxidative crosslinking side reaction is proposed to be responsible for such modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Paula M Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - José C Del Río
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla-CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropicaly Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropicaly Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
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28
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Sansano M, De los Reyes R, Andrés A, Heredia A. Effect of Microwave Frying on Acrylamide Generation, Mass Transfer, Color, and Texture in French Fries. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-018-2144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Armellini R, Peinado I, Pittia P, Scampicchio M, Heredia A, Andres A. Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) enrichment on antioxidant and sensorial properties of wheat flour pasta. Food Chem 2018; 254:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Heredia-Guerrero JA, Guzman-Puyol S, Benítez JJ, Athanassiou A, Heredia A, Domínguez E. Plant cuticle under global change: Biophysical implications. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:2749-2751. [PMID: 29668107 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Climatic stressors due to global change induce important modifications to the chemical composition of plant cuticles and their biophysical properties. In particular, plant cuticles can become heavier, stiffer and more inert, improving plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José J Benítez
- Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
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31
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Sansano M, Heredia A, Glicerina V, Balestra F, Romani S, Andrés A. Influence of chitosan on thermal, microstructural and rheological properties of rice and wheat flours-based batters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Stępiński D, Kwiatkowska M, Wojtczak A, Domínguez E, Heredia A, Popłońska K. Cutinsomes as building-blocks of Arabidopsis thaliana embryo cuticle. Physiol Plant 2017; 161:560-567. [PMID: 28767133 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cutinsomes, spherical nanoparticles containing cutin mono- and oligomers, are engaged in cuticle formation. Earlier they were revealed to participate in cuticle biosynthesis in Solanum lycopersicum fruit and Ornithogalum umbellatum ovary epidermis. Here, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunogold labeling with antibody against the cutinsomes were applied to aerial cotyledon epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana mature embryos. TEM as well as gold particles conjugated with the cutinsome antibody revealed these structures in the cytoplasm, near the plasmalemma, in the cell wall and incorporated into the cuticle. Thus, the cutinsomes most probably are involved in the formation of A. thaliana embryo cuticle and this model plant is another species in which these specific structures participate in the building of cuticle in spite of the lack of the lipotubuloid metabolon. In addition, a mechanism of plant cuticle lipid biosynthesis based on current knowledge is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Stępiński
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maria Kwiatkowska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wojtczak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus d Teatinos, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus d Teatinos, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Popłońska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
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Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A, Domínguez E, Cingolani R, Bayer IS, Athanassiou A, Benítez JJ. Cutin from agro-waste as a raw material for the production of bioplastics. J Exp Bot 2017; 68:5401-5410. [PMID: 28992177 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cutin is the main component of plant cuticles constituting the framework that supports the rest of the cuticle components. This biopolymer is composed of esterified bi- and trifunctional fatty acids. Despite its ubiquity in terrestrial plants, it has been underutilized as raw material due to its insolubility and lack of melting point. However, in recent years, a few technologies have been developed to obtain cutin monomers from several agro-wastes at an industrial scale. This review is focused on the description of cutin properties, biodegradability, chemical composition, processability, abundance, and the state of art of the fabrication of cutin-based materials in order to evaluate whether this biopolymer can be considered a source for the production of renewable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora. Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora. Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain
| | | | - Ilker S Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | | | - José J Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora. Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM-CSIC-UMA, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Martínez-Las Heras R, Landines EF, Heredia A, Castelló ML, Andrés A. Influence of drying process and particle size of persimmon fibre on its physicochemical, antioxidant, hydration and emulsifying properties. J Food Sci Technol 2017; 54:2902-2912. [PMID: 28928530 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Persimmon, given its current surplus production, could be an alternative source for the extraction of certain interesting ingredients for the food industry and human health, such as fibre. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyse the influence of hot air and freeze-drying, as well as the particle size of fibre extracted from persimmon peels or pulp on their physicochemical, antioxidant, hydration and emulsifying properties, compared to commercial fibres (from peach, lemon, orange and apple). The results showed that both freeze-dried persimmon pulp and freeze-dried peel had better hydration properties and oil holding capacity than other fibres analysed, although the swelling capacity was higher for lemon fibre. Freeze-dried persimmon peel fibre showed higher values of emulsion stability than commercial fibres. Finally, the antioxidant activity of the smallest sized persimmon peel fibre obtained by freeze-drying was higher than that for lemon, orange and peach fibre.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martínez-Las Heras
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - E F Landines
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Heredia
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M L Castelló
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Andrés
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
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36
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Sansano M, Heredia A, Peinado I, Andrés A. Dietary acrylamide: What happens during digestion. Food Chem 2017; 237:58-64. [PMID: 28764038 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a well-known potentially carcinogen compound formed during thermal processing as an intermediate of Maillard reactions. Three objectives were addressed: the impact of gastric digestion on acrylamide content of French Fries, chips, chicken nuggets, onions rings, breakfast cereals, biscuits, crackers, instant coffee and coffee substitute; the acrylamide content evolution during gastrointestinal digestion of French fries and chips; and the effectiveness of blanching and air-frying on acrylamide mitigation after gastrointestinal digestion. A significant increase (p-value <0.05) in acrylamide content was observed for most of the products after gastric digestion (maximum registered for sweet biscuits, from 30±8 to 150±48µg/kg). However, at the end of the intestinal stage, acrylamide values were statistically similar (p-value=0.132) for French fries and lower than the initial values (before digestion) in potato chips (p-value=0.027). Finally, the low acrylamide content found in blanched and air-fried samples, remained still lower than for deep fried samples even after gastrointestinal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sansano
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Heredia
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - I Peinado
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Andrés
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 46022, Valencia, Spain
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Capel C, Yuste-Lisbona FJ, López-Casado G, Angosto T, Heredia A, Cuartero J, Fernández-Muñoz R, Lozano R, Capel J. QTL mapping of fruit mineral contents provides new chances for molecular breeding of tomato nutritional traits. Theor Appl Genet 2017; 130:903-913. [PMID: 28280866 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Agronomical characterization of a RIL population for fruit mineral contents allowed for the identification of QTL controlling these fruit quality traits, flanked by co-dominant markers useful for marker-assisted breeding. Tomato quality is a multi-variant attribute directly depending on fruit chemical composition, which in turn determines the benefits of tomato consumption for human health. Commercially available tomato varieties possess limited variability in fruit quality traits. Wild species, such as Solanum pimpinellifolium, could provide different nutritional advantages and can be used for tomato breeding to improve overall fruit quality. Determining the genetic basis of the inheritance of all the traits that contribute to tomato fruit quality will increase the efficiency of the breeding program necessary to take advantage of the wild species variability. A high-density linkage map has been constructed from a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between tomato Solanum lycopersicum and the wild-relative species S. pimpinellifolium. The RIL population was evaluated for fruit mineral contents during three consecutive growing seasons. The data obtained allowed for the identification of main QTL and novel epistatic interaction among QTL controlling fruit mineral contents on the basis of a multiple-environment analysis. Most of the QTL were flanked by candidate genes providing valuable information for both tomato breeding for new varieties with novel nutritional properties and the starting point to identify the genes underlying these QTL, which will help to reveal the genetic basis of tomato fruit nutritional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando J Yuste-Lisbona
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Gloria López-Casado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Trinidad Angosto
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Cuartero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Muñoz
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Lozano
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Juan Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (BITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología y Geología (Genética), Edificio CITE II-B, Universidad de Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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Benítez JJ, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Cruz-Carrillo MA, Barthel MJ, Knicker HE, Heredia A. Insolubilization and thermal stabilization of a long-chain polyester by noncatalyzed melt-polycondensation synthesis in air. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Jesús Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS), Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla; Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja Sevilla 41092 Spain
| | - José Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero
- Department of Nanophysics; Smart Materials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT); via Morego 30 Genoa 16163 Italy
| | - Miguel Antonio Cruz-Carrillo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS), Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla; Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja Sevilla 41092 Spain
| | - Markus Joachim Barthel
- Drug Discovery and Development Department; Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT); via Morego 30 Genoa 16163 Italy
| | - Heike Elisabeth Knicker
- Departamento de Biogeoquímica, Ecología Vegetal y Microbiana; Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC; avda. Reina Mercedes 10 Sevilla 41012 Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica; Universidad de Málaga; Málaga 29071 Spain
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Prats Mateu B, Hauser MT, Heredia A, Gierlinger N. Waterproofing in Arabidopsis: Following Phenolics and Lipids In situ by Confocal Raman Microscopy. Front Chem 2016; 4:10. [PMID: 26973831 PMCID: PMC4770935 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2016.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterproofing of the aerial organs of plants imposed a big evolutionary step during the colonization of the terrestrial environment. The main plant polymers responsible of water repelling are lipids and lignin, which play also important roles in the protection against biotic/abiotic stresses, regulation of flux of gases and solutes, and mechanical stability against negative pressure, among others. While the lipids, non-polymerized cuticular waxes together with the polymerized cutin, protect the outer surface, lignin is confined to the secondary cell wall within mechanical important tissues. In the present work a micro cross-section of the stem of Arabidopsis thaliana was used to track in situ the distribution of these non-carbohydrate polymers by Confocal Raman Microscopy. Raman hyperspectral imaging gives a molecular fingerprint of the native waterproofing tissues and cells with diffraction limited spatial resolution (~300 nm) at relatively high speed and without any tedious sample preparation. Lipids and lignified tissues as well as their effect on water content was directly visualized by integrating the 1299, 1600, and 3400 cm(-1) band, respectively. For detailed insights into compositional changes of these polymers vertex component analysis was performed on selected sample positions. Changes have been elucidated in the composition of lignin within the lignified tissues and between interfascicular fibers and xylem vessels. Hydrophobizing changes were revealed from the epidermal layer to the cuticle as well as a change in the aromatic composition within the cuticle of trichomes. To verify Raman signatures of different waterproofing polymers additionally Raman spectra of the cuticle and cutin monomer from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as well as aromatic model polymers (milled wood lignin and dehydrogenation polymer of coniferyl alcohol) and phenolic acids were acquired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batirtze Prats Mateu
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Marie Theres Hauser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of MalagaMalaga, Spain
| | - Notburga Gierlinger
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
- Institute for Building Materials, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ZürichZürich, Switzerland
- Applied Wood Research Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and ResearchDübendorf, Switzerland
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Segado P, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Ultrastructure of the Epidermal Cell Wall and Cuticle of Tomato Fruit (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during Development. Plant Physiol 2016; 170:935-46. [PMID: 26668335 PMCID: PMC4734585 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis plays a pivotal role in plant development and interaction with the environment. However, it is still poorly understood, especially its outer epidermal wall: a singular wall covered by a cuticle. Changes in the cuticle and cell wall structures are important to fully understand their functions. In this work, an ultrastructure and immunocytochemical approach was taken to identify changes in the cuticle and the main components of the epidermal cell wall during tomato fruit development. A thin and uniform procuticle was already present before fruit set. During cell division, the inner side of the procuticle showed a globular structure with vesicle-like particles in the cell wall close to the cuticle. Transition between cell division and elongation was accompanied by a dramatic increase in cuticle thickness, which represented more than half of the outer epidermal wall, and the lamellate arrangement of the non-cutinized cell wall. Changes in this non-cutinized outer wall during development showed specific features not shared with other cell walls. The coordinated nature of the changes observed in the cuticle and the epidermal cell wall indicate a deep interaction between these two supramolecular structures. Hence, the cuticle should be interpreted within the context of the outer epidermal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Segado
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain (P.S., A.H.); andDepartamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain. (E.D.)
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain (P.S., A.H.); andDepartamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain. (E.D.)
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain (P.S., A.H.); andDepartamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain. (E.D.)
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Segado P, Domínguez E, Heredia A. Cutinisation of tomato fruit epidermis: Structural and morphological details. Plant Signal Behav 2016; 11:e1168558. [PMID: 27031163 PMCID: PMC4883856 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1168558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In tomato, the ovary is covered with a thin, electron-dense and uniform cuticle. The first 10 d after anthesis are critical in the cutinisation of the outer epidermal wall. During this period, singular cytoplasmic domains have been identified in the epidermal cells which seem to be involved in lipid biosynthesis. Moreover, the inner side of the procuticle showed a globular structure with vesicle-like particles of different size that seemed to migrate from the cytoplasm to the procuticle. These electron-dense particles are postulated to play an important role in early cutin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Segado
- IHSM UMA-CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- IHSM UMA-CSIC, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Estación Experimental La Mayora, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM UMA-CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Martínez-Las Heras R, Amigo-Sánchez J, Heredia A, Castelló M, Andrés A. Influence of preharvest treatments to reduce the seasonality of persimmon production on color, texture and antioxidant properties during storage. CyTA - Journal of Food 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2015.1113204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Domínguez E, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Heredia A. Plant cutin genesis: unanswered questions. Trends Plant Sci 2015; 20:551-8. [PMID: 26115781 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The genesis of cutin, the main lipid polymer present in the biosphere, has remained elusive for many years. Recently, two main approaches have attempted to explain the process of cutin polymerization. One describes the existence of an acyltransferase cutin synthase enzyme that links activated monomers of cutin in the outer cell wall, while the other shows that plant cutin is the final result of an extracellular nonenzymatic self-assembly and polymerizing process of cutin monomers. In this opinion article, we explain both models and suggest that they could be pieces of a more complex biological scenario. We also highlight their different characteristics and current limitations, and suggest a potential synergism of both hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Domínguez
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, E.E. La Mayora, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Heredia
- IHSM-UMA-CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
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Giménez E, Dominguez E, Pineda B, Heredia A, Moreno V, Lozano R, Angosto T. Transcriptional Activity of the MADS Box ARLEQUIN/TOMATO AGAMOUS-LIKE1 Gene Is Required for Cuticle Development of Tomato Fruit. Plant Physiol 2015; 168:1036-48. [PMID: 26019301 PMCID: PMC4741332 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Fruit development and ripening entail key biological and agronomic events, which ensure the appropriate formation and dispersal of seeds and determine productivity and yield quality traits. The MADS box gene Arlequin/tomato Agamous-like1 (hereafter referred to as TAGL1) was reported as a key regulator of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reproductive development, mainly involved in flower development, early fruit development, and ripening. It is shown here that silencing of the TAGL1 gene (RNA interference lines) promotes significant changes affecting cuticle development, mainly a reduction of thickness and stiffness, as well as a significant decrease in the content of cuticle components (cutin, waxes, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds). Accordingly, overexpression of TAGL1 significantly increased the amount of cuticle and most of its components while rendering a mechanically weak cuticle. Expression of the genes involved in cuticle biosynthesis agreed with the biochemical and biomechanical features of cuticles isolated from transgenic fruits; it also indicated that TAGL1 participates in the transcriptional control of cuticle development mediating the biosynthesis of cuticle components. Furthermore, cell morphology and the arrangement of epidermal cell layers, on whose activity cuticle formation depends, were altered when TAGL1 was either silenced or constitutively expressed, indicating that this transcription factor regulates cuticle development, probably through the biosynthetic activity of epidermal cells. Our results also support cuticle development as an integrated event in the fruit expansion and ripening processes that characterize fleshy-fruited species such as tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Giménez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Eva Dominguez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Benito Pineda
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Vicente Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Rafael Lozano
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
| | - Trinidad Angosto
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain (E.G., R.L., T.A.);Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain (E.D., A.H.); andInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain (B.P., V.M.)
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Guzman-Puyol S, Benítez JJ, Domínguez E, Bayer IS, Cingolani R, Athanassiou A, Heredia A, Heredia-Guerrero JA. Pectin-lipid self-assembly: influence on the formation of polyhydroxy fatty acids nanoparticles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124639. [PMID: 25915490 PMCID: PMC4411075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles, named cutinsomes, have been prepared from aleuritic (9,10,16-trihidroxipalmitic) acid and tomato fruit cutin monomers (a mixture of mainly 9(10),16-dihydroxypalmitic acid (85%, w/w) and 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid (7.5%, w/w)) with pectin in aqueous solution. The process of formation of the nanoparticles of aleuritic acid plus pectin has been monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while their chemical and morphological characterization was analyzed by ATR-FTIR, TEM, and non-contact AFM. The structure of these nanoparticles can be described as a lipid core with a pectin shell. Pectin facilitated the formation of nanoparticles, by inducing their aggregation in branched chains and favoring the condensation between lipid monomers. Also, pectin determined the self-assembly of cutinsomes on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces, causing their opening and forming interconnected structures. In the case of cutin monomers, the nanoparticles are fused, and the condensation of the hydroxy fatty acids is strongly affected by the presence of the polysaccharide. The interaction of pectin with polyhydroxylated fatty acids could be related to an initial step in the formation of the plant biopolyester cutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - José Jesús Benítez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS), Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Americo Vespuccio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, E-41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) La Mayora, Universidad de Málaga-CSIC, Algarrobo-Costa, E-29750, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ilker Sefik Bayer
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Cingolani
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, IHSM La Mayora, UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
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Sansano M, Juan-Borrás M, Escriche I, Andrés A, Heredia A. Effect of Pretreatments and Air-Frying, a Novel Technology, on Acrylamide Generation in Fried Potatoes. J Food Sci 2015; 80:T1120-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sansano
- Inst. of Food Engineering for Development; Univ. Politècnica de València; P.O. Box 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - M. Juan-Borrás
- Inst. of Food Engineering for Development; Univ. Politècnica de València; P.O. Box 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - I. Escriche
- Inst. of Food Engineering for Development; Univ. Politècnica de València; P.O. Box 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - A. Andrés
- Inst. of Food Engineering for Development; Univ. Politècnica de València; P.O. Box 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - A. Heredia
- Inst. of Food Engineering for Development; Univ. Politècnica de València; P.O. Box 46022 Valencia Spain
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Kwiatkowska M, Polit JT, Stępiński D, Popłońska K, Wojtczak A, Domίnguez E, Heredia A. Lipotubuloids in ovary epidermis of Ornithogalum umbellatum act as metabolons: suggestion of the name 'lipotubuloid metabolon'. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:1157-63. [PMID: 25540439 PMCID: PMC4438445 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A metabolon is a temporary, structural-functional complex formed between sequential metabolic enzymes and cellular elements. Cytoplasmic domains called lipotubuloids are present in Ornithogalum umbellatum ovary epidermis. They consist of numerous lipid bodies entwined with microtubules, polysomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and actin filaments connected to microtubules through myosin and kinesin. A few mitochondria, Golgi structures, and microbodies are also observed and also, at later development stages, autolytic vacuoles. Each lipotubuloid is surrounded by a tonoplast as it invaginates into a vacuole. These structures appear in young cells, which grow intensively reaching 30-fold enlargement but do not divide. They also become larger due to an increasing number of lipid bodies formed in the RER by the accumulation of lipids between leaflets of the phospholipid bilayer. When a cell ceases to grow, the lipotubuloids disintegrate into individual structures. Light and electron microscope studies using filming techniques, autoradiography with [(3)H]palmitic acid, immunogold labelling with antibodies against DGAT2, phospholipase D1 and lipase, and double immunogold labelling with antibodies against myosin and kinesin, as well as experiments with propyzamide, a microtubule activity inhibitor, have shown that lipotubuloids are functionally and structurally integrated metabolons [here termed lipotubuloid metabolons (LMs)] occurring temporarily in growing cells. They synthesize lipids in lipid bodies in cooperation with microtubules. Some of these lipids are metabolized and used by the cell as nutrients, and others are transformed into cuticle whose formation is mediated by cutinsomes. The latter were discovered in planta using specific anti-cutinsome antibodies visualized by gold labelling. Moreover, LMs are able to rotate autonomously due to the interaction of microtubules, actin filaments, and motor proteins, which influence microtubules by changing their diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kwiatkowska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Justyna T Polit
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dariusz Stępiński
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Popłońska
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wojtczak
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Eva Domίnguez
- Instituto de Hortofruicultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus d Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Heredia
- Instituto de Hortofruicultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' UMA-CSIC, Universidad de Málaga, Campus d Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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