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Peterson J, Lin B, Barrios-Camacho CM, Herrick DB, Holbrook EH, Jang W, Coleman JH, Schwob JE. Activating a Reserve Neural Stem Cell Population In Vitro Enables Engraftment and Multipotency after Transplantation. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:680-695. [PMID: 30930245 PMCID: PMC6450498 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory epithelium (OE) regenerates after injury via two types of tissue stem cells: active globose cells (GBCs) and dormant horizontal basal cells (HBCs). HBCs are roused to activated status by OE injury when P63 levels fall. However, an in-depth understanding of activation requires a system for culturing them that maintains both their self-renewal and multipotency while preventing spontaneous differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that mouse, rat, and human HBCs can be cultured and passaged as P63+ multipotent cells. HBCs in vitro closely resemble HBCs in vivo based on immunocytochemical and transcriptomic comparisons. Genetic lineage analysis demonstrates that HBCs in culture arise from both tissue-derived HBCs and multipotent GBCs. Treatment with retinoic acid induces neuronal and non-neuronal differentiation and primes cultured HBCs for transplantation into the lesioned OE. Engrafted HBCs generate all OE cell types, including olfactory sensory neurons, confirming that HBC multipotency and neurocompetency are maintained in culture. Horizontal basal cells (HBCs) expand in cultures from mouse and human OE Globose basal cells, which are active stem cells of the OE, form HBCs in vitro Retinoic acid (RA) activates HBCs in vitro to form neurons and non-neuronal cells After RA, cultured HBCs transplant into OE in vivo and generate all OE cell types
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Peterson
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Brian Lin
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Camila M Barrios-Camacho
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Daniel B Herrick
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Eric H Holbrook
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Woochan Jang
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Julie H Coleman
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - James E Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Fletcher RB, Das D, Gadye L, Street KN, Baudhuin A, Wagner A, Cole MB, Flores Q, Choi YG, Yosef N, Purdom E, Dudoit S, Risso D, Ngai J. Deconstructing Olfactory Stem Cell Trajectories at Single-Cell Resolution. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:817-830.e8. [PMID: 28506465 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the paths that stem cells traverse to generate mature progeny is vital for elucidating the mechanisms governing cell fate decisions and tissue homeostasis. Adult stem cells maintain and regenerate multiple mature cell lineages in the olfactory epithelium. Here we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing and robust statistical analyses with in vivo lineage tracing to define a detailed map of the postnatal olfactory epithelium, revealing cell fate potentials and branchpoints in olfactory stem cell lineage trajectories. Olfactory stem cells produce support cells via direct fate conversion in the absence of cell division, and their multipotency at the population level reflects collective unipotent cell fate decisions by single stem cells. We further demonstrate that Wnt signaling regulates stem cell fate by promoting neuronal fate choices. This integrated approach reveals the mechanisms guiding olfactory lineage trajectories and provides a model for deconstructing similar hierarchies in other stem cell niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell B Fletcher
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Diya Das
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Levi Gadye
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kelly N Street
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ariane Baudhuin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Allon Wagner
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael B Cole
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Quetzal Flores
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yoon Gi Choi
- QB3 Functional Genomics Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elizabeth Purdom
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sandrine Dudoit
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Davide Risso
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John Ngai
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; QB3 Functional Genomics Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Schwob JE, Jang W, Holbrook EH, Lin B, Herrick DB, Peterson JN, Hewitt Coleman J. Stem and progenitor cells of the mammalian olfactory epithelium: Taking poietic license. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:1034-1054. [PMID: 27560601 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of the olfactory epithelium (OE) for lifelong neurogenesis and regeneration depends on the persistence of neurocompetent stem cells, which self-renew as well as generating all of the cell types found within the nasal epithelium. This Review focuses on the types of stem and progenitor cells in the epithelium and their regulation. Both horizontal basal cells (HBCs) and some among the population of globose basal cells (GBCs) are stem cells, but the two types plays vastly different roles. The GBC population includes the basal cells that proliferate in the uninjured OE and is heterogeneous with respect to transcription factor expression. From upstream in the hierarchy to downstream, GBCs encompass 1) Sox2+ /Pax6+ stem-like cells that are totipotent and self-renew over the long term, 2) Ascl1+ transit-amplifying progenitors with a limited capacity for expansive proliferation, and 3) Neurog1+ /NeuroD1+ immediate precursor cells that make neurons directly. In contrast, the normally quiescent HBCs are activated to multipotency and proliferate when sustentacular cells are killed, but not when only OSNs die, indicating that HBCs are reserve stem cells that respond to severe epithelial injury. The master regulator of HBC activation is the ΔN isoform of the transcription factor p63; eliminating ΔNp63 unleashes HBC multipotency. Notch signaling, via Jagged1 ligand on Sus cells and Notch1 and Notch2 receptors on HBCs, is likely to play a major role in setting the level of p63 expression. Thus, ΔNp63 becomes a potential therapeutic target for reversing the neurogenic exhaustion characteristic of the aged OE. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1034-1054, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Woochan Jang
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Eric H Holbrook
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Brian Lin
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Daniel B Herrick
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Jesse N Peterson
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
| | - Julie Hewitt Coleman
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02132
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