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Zhao Y, Wang H, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Wang J. Case Report: A Rare Case of Iodixanol-Induced Anaphylactic Shock in Cerebral Angiography. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:361-367. [PMID: 38623449 PMCID: PMC11018123 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s460263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse reactions induced by isoosmolar contrast medium (iodixanol) are mostly mild, with rashes and headaches being the most common. Although anaphylactic shock has been reported, no related incidents have been documented on cerebral angiography. Objective This article reports a serious case of anaphylactic shock possibly induced by iodixanol and provides an overview of the case report. Case Summary A 65-year-old female with persistent headaches for nearly six months and CTA examination revealed multiple intracranial aneurysms. After two treatments, she returned to the hospital for aneurysm of reexamination a month ago. Following a preoperative assessment, cerebral angiography was performed. Three minutes after the procedure, the patient experienced dizziness, increased heart rate, followed by hypotension (BP 90/43 mm Hg), a sudden drop-in heart rate (HR 68 bpm), and a drop in SpO2 to 92%. Intravenous dexamethasone for anti-allergic were administered immediately, along with therapy through oxygen-inhalation. However, the patient then developed limb convulsions, unresponsiveness, and was urgently given diazepam for sedation and sputum aspiration to maintain airway patency. Blood pressure decrease to 53/29 mm Hg, and SpO2 readings were unavailable. Intravenous dopamine to elevates blood pressure, and assists breathing by intubating in the endotracheal. After 3 minutes, as the blood pressure remained undetectable, intermittent intravenous epinephrine 1mg was administered to raise the blood pressure, gradually restoring it to 126/90 mm Hg, and SpO2 increased to 95%. The patient was diagnosed with iodixanol-induced anaphylactic shock and urgently transferred to the NICU for monitoring and treatment. The patient died despite immediate treatment. Conclusion A 65-year-old female developed serious anaphylactic shock during cerebral angiography after receiving iodixanol. Although iodixanol is considered one of the safest iodinated contrast mediums (ICM), clinicians should be aware of its the potential for serious hypersensitivity reactions that can lead to fatal and life-threatening events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunxiang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang D, Yang X, Yang Z, Sun W, Chen S, Xu L. Detection of iodixanol-induced allergic reaction signals in Chinese inpatients: a multi-center retrospective database study using prescription sequence symmetry analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298021. [PMID: 38601462 PMCID: PMC11004274 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the signal detection method for allergic reactions induced by inpatient iodixanol injection. Methods A database of 3,719,217 hospitalized patients from 20 large Chinese general hospitals was processed and analyzed using the prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA) method. Results 126,680 inpatients who used iodixanol and were concurrently treated with anti-allergic drugs were analyzed. In the medical records of these patients, only 32 had documented iodixanol allergies. Statistical analysis identified 22 drugs in 4 categories-calcium preparations, adrenergic/dopaminergic agents, glucocorticoids, and antihistamines-as marker drugs. With time intervals of 3, 7, and 28 days, the adjusted sequence ratios (aSRs) for all anti-allergics and the 4 categories were greater than 1. The 7-day aSRs were 2.12 (95% CI: 2.08-2.15), 1.70 (95% CI: 1.68-1.73), 3.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.75-2.30), 2.30 (95% CI: 2.26-2.35), and 1.95 (95% CI: 1.89-2.02), respectively. The proportions of adverse drug events indicated by each signal were as follows: all anti-allergics (2.92%-3%), calcium gluconate (0.19%-0.52%), adrenergic/dopaminergic agents (2.20%-3.37%), glucocorticoids (3.13%-3.76%), and antihistamines (1.05%-1.32%). Conclusion This first multi-center Chinese inpatient database study detected iodixanol-induced allergy signals, revealing that reactions may be much higher than those in collected spontaneous reports. Iodixanol risk exposure was closer to actual pharmaceutical care findings. PSSA application with ≤7-day intervals appears better suited for monitoring late allergic reaction signals with these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinchen Yang
- Electric Engineering and Automation, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangwei Yang
- Medical Department, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Medical Department, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunjie Chen
- Medical Department, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Health Statistics Teaching and Research Section, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Budoff MJ, Lee HS, Roy SK, Shekar C. Efficacy and Safety of Iodixanol in Computed Coronary Tomographic Angiography and Cardiac Catheterization. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:449. [PMID: 37998507 PMCID: PMC10671983 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10110449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Iodixanol is an iso-osmolar non-ionic dimeric hydrophilic contrast agent with a higher viscosity than the monomeric agents. It is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved iso-osmolar agent in the United States, and it is the only contrast agent with an FDA-approved indication for use in cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CCTA), to assist in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. In clinical studies, it has been noted to have fewer side effects and similar image quality when compared to low-osmolar contrast media. This can be attributed to the pharmacological properties of iodixanol. These contrast agents are used for coronary computed tomography angiography and cardiac catheterization. In this article, the use, tolerability, and efficacy of iodixanol are reviewed, specifically evaluating the use of CCTA and coronary angiography, including outcome studies, randomized trials, and comparisons to other contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Budoff
- Department of Cardiology, Lundquist Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
| | | | - Sion K. Roy
- Department of Cardiology, Lundquist Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
| | - Chandana Shekar
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Banner-University of Arizona, 1111 E McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA;
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4
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Inagaki T, Kim J, Tomida K, Maeda E, Matsumoto T. 3D quantitative assessment for nuclear morphology in osteocytic spheroid with optical clearing technique. Integr Biol (Camb) 2023; 15:zyad007. [PMID: 37314268 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has been attracting attention as a cell culture model that mimics an environment closer to that of a living organism. It is known that there is a close relationship between cell nuclear shape and cellular function, which highlights the importance of cell nucleus shape analysis in the 3D culture. On the other hand, it is difficult to observe the cell nuclei inside the 3D culture models because the penetration depth of the laser light under a microscope is limited. In this study, we adopted an aqueous iodixanol solution to the 3D osteocytic spheroids derived from mouse osteoblast precursor cells to make the spheroids transparent for 3D quantitative analysis. With a custom-made image analysis pipeline in Python, we found that the aspect ratio of the cell nuclei near the surface of the spheroid was significantly greater than that at the center, suggesting that the nuclei on the surface were deformed more than those at the center. The results also quantitatively showed that the orientation of nuclei in the center of the spheroid was randomly distributed, whereas those on the surface of the spheroid were oriented parallel to the surface of the spheroid. Our 3D quantitative method with an optical clearing technique will contribute to the 3D culture models including various organoid models to elucidate the nuclear deformation during the development of the organs. Insight box Although 3D cell culture has been a powerful tool in the fields of fundamental biology and tissue engineering, it raises the demand for quantification techniques for cell nuclear morphology in the 3D culture model. In this study, we attempted to optically clear a 3D osteocytic spheroid model using iodixanol solution for the nuclear observation inside the spheroid. Moreover, using a custom-made image analysis pipeline in Python, we successfully quantified the nuclear morphology regarding aspect ratio and orientation. Our quantitative method with the optical clearing technique will contribute to the 3D culture models such as various organoid models to elucidate the nuclear deformation during the development of the organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kosei Tomida
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eijiro Maeda
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeo Matsumoto
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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5
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Jung F, Lamby P, Prantl L, Wiggermann P, Jung EM, Krüger-Genge A, Franke RP. Post-mortem distribution of Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM) ( iodixanol versus iopromide) in the porcine kidney after multiple bolus injections in vivo into the supra-renal aorta1. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2023; 85:289-295. [PMID: 36502310 DOI: 10.3233/ch-229102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are widely used for diagnostic and interventional procedures in radiology and cardiology. Ideally, they should not interact with blood cells or vascular wall cells to avoid deteriorations of the blood circulation. However, it is well known that ICM can affect erythrocytes as well as endothelial cells which consequently might perturb especially the microcirculation. In former studies the influence of two ICM (iodixanol versus iopromide) on the vascular system, the development of blood stasis, on changes in renal resistive index (RRI) and vascular diameters, and on the post-mortem distribution of iodine as marker for ICM in the explanted kidneys was examined. The modus of ICM application into the supra-renal aorta followed the regime in interventional cardiology, so that 10 bolus injections were administered at steady intervals (iopromide 4,32 ml / iodixanol 5 ml) accompanied by infusion of 500 ml isotonic NaCl-solution.In the present study, the post-mortem X-ray analysis revealed that there were no differences in iodine content in the regions of the mid-cortex and the medullo-pelvic transition zone of the kidneys after application of both ICM. Remarkable differences, however, were found in the region of the capsule-near cortex, where the application of iopromide led to a significantly lower iodine content in the microcirculation. This is in good agreement with former studies, in which a maldistribution in this area, presumably due to a decrease in arteriolar inflow as a result of stasis/occlusion was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jung
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - P Lamby
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Prantl
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P Wiggermann
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - E M Jung
- Department of Radiology and Interdisciplinary Ultrasound Department, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Krüger-Genge
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - R P Franke
- Department of Biomaterials, Central Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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6
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Qiu L, Cui Q, Gong X, Zhou H. Anaphylaxis Following Contrast-Enhanced CT with Iodixanol: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:195-200. [PMID: 36721740 PMCID: PMC9884438 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s386811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Iodixanol-induced anaphylactic reaction is a well-known adverse event of contrast agents, which are generally well-tolerated and reversible. Serious and fatal reactions such as anaphylactic shock after computed tomography (CT) enhancement have been described. However, there is no data on these events in the literature. Objective This report describes a case of a serious anaphylactic reaction, possibly related to iodixanol and provides an overview of case reports. Case Summary A 47-year-old women who experienced persistent abdominal pain for more than one month, was proposed of hiatal hernia with CT images taken two weeks previously and was admitted to the gastrointestinal surgery department. The patient underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT for the evaluation of multiple intraperitoneal hemodynamic features. A few minutes after abdominal enhanced CT scan, the patient was pale, sweating, had muscle tension and trembling, even coma and profound hypotension with 90/43 mm Hg. Immediately she was supported with oxygen inhalation, was treated with adrenaline subcutaneously, dexamethasone intravenously, and rapid intravenous drip of compound sodium chloride. Ten minutes later, the patient was in respiratory and cardiac arrest and the pupils were dilated. CPR and intermittant static push of 1 mg adrenaline were immediately carried. After endotracheal intubation, the patient's spontaneous heart rate and pupils recovered, and her blood pressure recovered to 105/53 mm Hg. It was suggested that the patient was suffering from iodixanol-induced anaphylactic shock and nephropathy, and she was transferred to the intensive care unit. Despite immediate treatment, the patient died. Conclusion A 47-year-old female patient with no history of allergies developed severe fatal anaphylactic shock after receiving iodixanol. Although contrast agents induced anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions do not often occur, clinicians should be conscious of the potentially serious anaphylactic reaction, which could lead to a life-threatening or fatal event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuepeng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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7
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Ding Y, Fu R, Collins CP, Yoda SF, Sun C, Ameer GA. 3D-Printed Radiopaque Bioresorbable Stents to Improve Device Visualization. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201955. [PMID: 36168854 PMCID: PMC9742307 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bioresorbable stents (BRS) hold great promise for the treatment of many life-threatening luminal diseases. Tracking and monitoring of stents in vivo is critical for avoiding their malposition and inadequate expansion, which often leads to complications and stent failure. However, obtaining high X-ray visibility of polymeric BRS has been challenging because of their intrinsic radiolucency. This study demonstrates the use of photopolymerization-based 3D printing technique to fabricate radiopaque BRS by incorporating iodixanol, a clinical contrast agent, into a bioresorbable citrate-based polymer ink. The successful volumetric dispersion of the iodixanol through the 3D-printing process confers strong X-ray visibility of the produced BRS. Following in vitro degradation, the 3D-printed BRS embedded in chicken muscle maintains high X-ray visibility for at least 4 weeks. Importantly, the 3D-printed radiopaque BRS demonstrates good cytocompatibility and strong mechanical competence in crimping and expansion, which is essential for minimally invasive stent deployment. In addition, it is found that higher loading concentrations of iodixanol, e.g. 10 wt.%, results in more strut fractures in stent crimping and expansion. To conclude, this study introduces a facile strategy to fabricate radiopaque BRS through the incorporation of iodixanol in the 3D printing process, which could potentially increase the clinical success of BRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Ding
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Rao Fu
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Caralyn Paige Collins
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sarah-Fatime Yoda
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Cheng Sun
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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8
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Geng W, Yang Q, Wang W, Yin Q. The safety of iodixanol in interventional therapy for patients of different ages with cerebrovascular diseases. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:8228-8234. [PMID: 34377310 PMCID: PMC8340189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and safety of iodixanol in interventional therapy for patients of different ages with cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS A total of 132 patients undergoing interventional therapy for cerebrovascular diseases in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into the young adult group (≤44 years old, 44 cases), the middle-aged adult group (45-59 years old, 48 cases), and the older adult group (≥60 years old, 40 cases). All patients were treated with iodixsanol as the contrast agent for cerebrovascular interventional therapy. The patients' renal function (serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels) before and after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. RESULTS At 48 h before operation, 2 h after operation and 48 h after operation, the levels of SCr and BUN in the older adult group were higher than those in the young adult group (all P<0.001), whereas the levels of SCr and BUN were similar between the older adult group and the middle-aged adult group and between the middle-aged adult group and the young adult group (all P>0.05). Within each group, the levels of SCR and BUN at 48 h before operation did not differ from those at 2 h and 48 h after operation (all P>0.05). No intergroup differences were found in the incidences of adverse reactions after using iodixanol for cerebrovascular interventional therapy (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION Iodixanol as a contrast medium shows good safety in interventional therapy for patients of different ages with cerebrovascular diseases; additionally, it has no significant impact on the renal function of patients and it leads to a low incidence of adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie Geng
- Department of Neurology, Taihe County People's Hospital Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe County People's Hospital Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe County People's Hospital Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qiduo Yin
- Department of Neurology, Taihe County People's Hospital Fuyang, Anhui Province, China
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Zhao N, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Xu Z, Tong W, Li L, Mao Q, Song Y, Jin J, Huang L, Azzalini L, Zhao X. Effects of a High Dose of the Contrast Medium Iodixanol on Renal Function in Patients Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Angiology 2020; 72:145-152. [PMID: 32911955 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720953044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iodixanol is associated with lower rates of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). However, the effects of high volumes of iodixanol on renal function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been fully elucidated. This study evaluates the effects of high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol on renal function within 72 hours of PCI. We retrospectively reviewed 676 consecutive patients who received high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol during PCI between October 2015 and December 2017 in 4 centers. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant independent predictors for CI-AKI. The incidence of CI-AKI was 3.5% (23/651). In patients administered 300 to 500 mL and >500 mL iodixanol, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.9% and 1.7%, respectively. In patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, the incidence of CI-AKI was 2.6%. In high-risk and very high-risk patients, stratified by the Mehran risk score, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.3% and 4.3%, respectively. In patients received high-dose iodixanol (>300 mL), logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex, chronic kidney disease, and eGFR were independent risk factors for CI-AKI, but contrast volume was not. The administration of high (300-500 mL) and very high (>500 mL) dose of iodixanol is associated with low rates of CI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zaiyan Chen
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yinpin Zhou
- The Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- The Fifth people's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonglin Xu
- The Ninth people's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuyang Tong
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lufeng Li
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Mao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yaoming Song
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lorenzo Azzalini
- Division of Cardiology, VCU Health Pauley Heart Center, 6889Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Lee D, Kim KO, Lee D, Kang KS. Anti-Apoptotic and Antioxidant Effects of 3- Epi-Iso -Seco-Tanapartholide Isolated from Artemisia Argyi Against Iodixanol-Induced Kidney Epithelial Cell Death. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E867. [PMID: 32517090 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodixanol is a non-ionic iso-osmolar contrast agent, but it is a risk factor for kidney damage and increases morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the effect of 9 sesquiterpenes isolated from mugwort (Artemisia argyi) in contrast agent-induced cytotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells. Cells were exposed to nine sesquiterpene compounds for 2 h, followed by incubation with iodixanol for 3 h. Cell viability was assessed using the Ez-Cytox assay. The level of reactive oxygen species was measured using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining. Apoptotic cell death was detected using annexin V/PI staining. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were performed using antibodies against proteins related to apoptosis, oxidative stress, and MAPK pathways. The most effective 3-epi-iso-seco-tanapartholide (compound 8) among the 9 sesquiterpene compounds protected LLC-PK1 cells from iodixanol-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death. Pretreatment with compound 8 reversed iodixanol-induced increases in the expression of JNK, ERK, p38, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. It also reversed the iodixanol-induced decrease in Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, pretreatment with compound 8 caused nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and upregulated HO-1 via the Nrf2 pathway in iodixanol-treated LLC-PK1 cells. Thus, we demonstrated here that compound 8 isolated from A. argyi has the potential to effectively prevent iodixanol-induced kidney epithelial cell death via the caspase-3/MAPK pathways and HO-1 via the Nrf2 pathway.
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11
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Özmen MF, Cirit Ü, Arıcı R, Demir K, Kurt D, Pabuccuoğlu S, Ak K. Evaluation of synergic effects of iodixanol and trehalose on cryosurvival of electroejaculated ram semen. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13656. [PMID: 32478874 DOI: 10.1111/and.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of the study was to investigate whether iodixanol and trehalose would have a synergic effect on the cryosurvival of electroejaculated ram semen. Tris-based diluter was used to prepare 9 different extenders by the addition of iodixanol or trehalose alone or varying combinations of these substances. Diluters were prepared as follows: Tris (control), Io5 (5% iodixanol), Tr25 (25 mmol/L trehalose), Tr50 (50 mmol/L trehalose), Tr50 + Io1.25 (50 mmol/L trehalose and 1.25% iodixanol), Tr50 + Io2.5 (50 mmol/L trehalose and 2.5% iodixanol), Tr50 + Io5 (50 mmol/L trehalose and 5% iodixanol), Tr25 + Io5 (25 mmol/L trehalose and 5% iodixanol) and Tr12.5 + Io5 (12.5 mmol/L trehalose and 5% iodixanol). Supplementation of the freezing extender with trehalose or iodixanol alone supported the protection of both morphological and functional integrity of ram spermatozoa and total motility at 1 and 4 hr post-thawing respectively. However, beyond these positive effects, the combination of trehalose (25 mmol/L) and iodixanol (5%) significantly increased post-thaw sperm longevity and motion properties at the end of 4-hr incubation. The results of the study clearly showed that there was positive synergic effect of iodixanol and trehalose on cryosurvival of ram semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ferit Özmen
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ümüt Cirit
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Arıcı
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kamber Demir
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Doğan Kurt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Serhat Pabuccuoğlu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ak
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Kuwae K, Miyagi-Shiohira C, Hamada E, Tamaki Y, Nishime K, Sakai M, Yonaha T, Makishi E, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. Excellent Islet Yields after 18-h Porcine Pancreas Preservation by Ductal Injection, Pancreas Preservation with MK Solution, Bottle Purification, and Islet Purification Using Iodixanol with UW Solution and Iodixanol with MK Solution. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1561. [PMID: 31574895 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful islet isolation is the key to successful islet transplantation. Our group recently modified the islet isolation protocol to include pancreatic ductal injection of the preservation solution, pancreas storage in modified extracellular-type trehalose-containing Kyoto (MK) solution, and use of an iodixanol-based purification solution and bottle purification. In this study, we applied these methods to porcine islet isolation after 18-h pancreas preservation and compared two solutions with different compositions in bottle purification. Islet yield before purification was 651,661 ± 157,719 islet equivalents (IE) and 5576 ± 1538 IE/g pancreas weight. An IU solution was made by adding iodixanol to University of Wisconsin solution and an IK solution was made by adding iodixanol to MK solution. The efficacy of the two solutions for islet isolation was compared. There were no significant differences between the two purification methods with regard to islet yield, survival rate, purity, score, or stimulation index. These results indicate that our isolation protocol produces efficient islet yields from prolonged cold-stored pancreas and that IU and IK solutions are equally useful for islet purification.
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Du X, Lu B, Hu D, Song B, Li K. An open label, prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study of iodixanol 270 mg I/mL for use in individuals undergoing computed tomography angiography in real-world clinical practice. Acta Radiol 2019; 60:177-185. [PMID: 29886757 DOI: 10.1177/0284185118774917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concern about radiation exposure is leading to an increasing interest in low-concentration contrast medium administration. PURPOSE To evaluate the image quality and safety profile after administration of iodixanol 270 mg I/mL at 100-kVp tube voltage with iterative reconstruction in subjects undergoing computed tomography angiography (CTA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients who completed CTA examination using iodixanol 270 mg I/mL and 100-kVp tube voltage along with iterative reconstruction for coronary, aortic, head and neck, renal, or pulmonary arteries were included. Image quality was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Incidence of adverse events (AEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) within seven days and radiation dose were also analyzed. RESULTS A total of 4513 individuals in 42 centers in China were enrolled, among which 4367 were included in efficacy analysis. The mean image quality score was 4.8 ± 0.45 across all arteries (all above 4.6) and 99.7% of the individuals' images were classified as evaluable. The CT attenuation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the regions of interest (ROIs) were 431.79 ± 99.018, 18.29 ± 11.947, and 28.21 ± 19.535 HU, respectively. Of all the participants, 68 (1.5%) and 65 (1.4%) experienced AEs and ADRs, respectively. No serious AEs or AEs leading to discontinuation occurred. The average effective radiation dose was 3.13 ± 2.550 mSv. CONCLUSION Iodixanol 270 mg I/mL in combination with 100-kVp tube voltage and iterative reconstruction could be safely applied in CTA and yield high-quality and evaluable images with reduced radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Du
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bin Lu
- 2 Department of Radiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Daoyu Hu
- 3 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bin Song
- 4 Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kuncheng Li
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
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Kim KO, Lee D, Hiep NT, Song JH, Lee HJ, Lee D, Kang KS. Protective Effect of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Mugwort ( Artemisia argyi) against Contrast-Induced Apoptosis in Kidney Epithelium Cell Line LLC-PK1. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010195. [PMID: 30621054 PMCID: PMC6337708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether 14 phenolic compounds isolated from Artemisia argyi could prevent the apoptotic damage caused by iodixanol, an iodinated contrast agent, on LLC-PK1 cells. Iodixanol was used to induce cytotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells. Apoptotic cell death was observed as the fluorescence intensity emitted by annexin V and Hoechst 33342 stains. Western blotting was used to detect specific proteins. Seven phenolic compounds protected against iodixanol-induced LLC-PK1 cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. Among them, methyl caffeate exerted the strongest protective effect, and co-treatment with 50 and 100 μM methyl caffeate decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species elevated by 25 mg/mL iodixanol. In addition, the treatment of LLC-PK1 cells with iodixanol resulted in an increase in apoptotic cell death, which decreased by co-treatment with methyl caffeate. Iodixanol caused a cytotoxicity-related increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and P38; and a similar increase in the expression levels of kidney injury molecule-1 and cleaved caspase-3. However, the up-regulation of these proteins was reversed by co-treatment with methyl caffeate. These findings suggest that phenolic compounds isolated from A. argyi play an important role in protecting kidney epithelium cells against apoptotic damage caused by iodixanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kem Ok Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Dahae Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Nguyen Tuan Hiep
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bio-Nano technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
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Onódi Z, Pelyhe C, Terézia Nagy C, Brenner GB, Almási L, Kittel Á, Manček-Keber M, Ferdinandy P, Buzás EI, Giricz Z. Isolation of High-Purity Extracellular Vesicles by the Combination of Iodixanol Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation and Bind-Elute Chromatography From Blood Plasma. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1479. [PMID: 30405435 PMCID: PMC6206048 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) (isolated from blood plasma) are currently being extensively researched, both as biomarkers and for their therapeutic possibilities. One challenging aspect to this research is the efficient isolation of high-purity EVs from blood plasma in quantities sufficient for in vivo experiments. In accordance with this challenge, the aim of this study was to develop an isolation method in which to separate the majority of EVs from major impurities such as lipoprotein particles and the abundant plasma proteins albumin and fibrinogen. Methods: Samples of rat blood were centrifuged to remove cells, platelets, large EVs and protein aggregates without prior filtration. Density gradient ultracentrifugation was performed by loading plasma sample onto 50, 30, and 10% iodixanol layers and then centrifuged at 120,000 ×g for 24 h. Ten fractions (F1-10) were collected from top to bottom. Fractions with the highest EV content were further purified by ultracentrifugation, size exclusion, or bind-elute chromatography. Efficiency and purity were assessed by Western blots. Morphology and size distribution of particles were examined by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy (EM). Results: The highest band intensities of EV markers Alix, Tsg101 and CD81 were detected by Western blot in F6 of small-scale DGUC (61.5 ± 10.4%; 48.1 ± 5.8%; 41.9 ± 3.8%, respectively) at a density of 1.128–1.174 g/mL, where the presence of vesicles with a mean diameter of 38 ± 2 nm was confirmed by EM and DLS. Only 1.4 ± 0.5% of LDL and chylomicron marker, 3.0 ± 1.3% of HDL marker, and 9.9 ± 0.4% of albumin remained in the EV-rich F6. However, 32.8 ± 1.5% of the total fibrinogen beta was found in this fraction. Second-step purification by UC or SEC did not improve EV separation, while after BEC on HiScreen Capto Core 700 albumin and lipoprotein contamination were below detection limit in EV-rich fractions. However, BEC decreased efficiency of EV isolation, and fibrinogen was still present in EV-rich fractions. Conclusion: This is the first demonstration that DGUC is able to markedly reduce the lipoprotein content of EV isolates while it separates EVs with high efficiency. Moreover, isolation of lipoprotein- and albumin-free EVs from blood plasma can be achieved by DGUC followed by BEC, however, on the expense of reduced EV yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Onódi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Pelyhe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Terézia Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor B Brenner
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Almási
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kittel
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mateja Manček-Keber
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,EN-FIST Centre of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Immune Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Lee D, Kim CE, Park SY, Kim KO, Hiep NT, Lee D, Jang HJ, Lee JW, Kang KS. Protective Effect of Artemisia argyi and Its Flavonoid Constituents against Contrast-Induced Cytotoxicity by Iodixanol in LLC-PK1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051387. [PMID: 29735908 PMCID: PMC5983776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventive effects and corresponding molecular mechanisms of mugwort (Artemisia argyi) extract and its flavonoid constituents on contrast-induced nephrotoxicity were explored in the present study. We treated cultured LLC-PK1 cells with iodixanol to induce contrast-induced nephrotoxicity, and found that A. argyi extracts ameliorated the reduction in cellular viability following iodixanol treatment. The anti-apoptotic effect of A. argyi extracts on contrast-induced nephrotoxicity was mediated by the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and the activation of caspases. The flavonoid compounds isolated from A. argyi improved the viability of iodixanol-treated cells against contrast-induced nephrotoxicity. Seven compounds (1, 2, 3, 15, 16, 18, and 19) from 19 flavonoids exerted a significant protective effect. Based on the in silico oral-bioavailability and drug-likeness assessment, which evaluate the drug potential of these compounds, compound 2 (artemetin) showed the highest oral bioavailability (49.55%) and drug-likeness (0.48) values. We further investigated the compound–target–disease network of compound 2, and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) emerged as a predicted key marker for the treatment of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity. Consequently, compound 2 was the preferred candidate, and its protective effect was mediated by inhibiting the contrast-induced inflammatory response through activation of PPAR-γ and inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation and activation of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Chang-Eop Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Sa-Yoon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Kem Ok Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Nguyen Tuan Hiep
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Jai Jang
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Constituent Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnung 210-340, Korea.
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
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17
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Zhang J, Jiang Y, Rui Q, Chen M, Zhang N, Yang H, Zhou Y. Iodixanol versus iopromide in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0617. [PMID: 29718868 PMCID: PMC6393082 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of contrast agents during coronary angiography can result in contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), particularly in patients with renal dysfunction. On the contrary, different contrast agents can induce different degree of changes in cardiac function. The objective of our meta-analysis was to compare the clinical safety of iso-osmolar contrast medium iodixanol to low-osmolar contrast medium iopromide in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and reference lists to identify randomized controlled trials that compared iodixanol to iopromide with the incidence of CIN as an endpoint in renal impaired patients undergoing coronary angiography. Outcome measures were the incidence of CIN, absolute peak serum creatinine (Scr) increase from baseline and a composite of cardiovascular adverse events. RESULTS A total of 8 trials with 3532 patients were pooled; 1759 patients received iodixanol and 1773 patients received iopromide. There was no significant difference in the incidence of CIN (summary odds ratio [OR] 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19-1.35, P = .17) and peak Scr increase (mean difference -0.01 mg/dL, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.05, P = .69) when iodixanol was compared with iopromide. But iodixanol was associated with a statistically significant reduction in cardiovascular adverse events when compared with iopromide (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.73, P = .0009). CONCLUSIONS Analysis of pooled data from 8 randomized controlled trials of iodixanol against iopromide in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI showed that iodixanol nonsignificantly reduced the incidence of CIN, but was associated with a significantly reduced risk of cardiovascular adverse events when compared with iopromide.
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18
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Soffer G, Cohen B, Toh J, Edelman D, Garg K, Jariwala S. Successful Graded Dose Challenge to Iodixanol Radiocontrast Media in a Patient With Delayed Anaphylaxis to Iohexol. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2017; 52:59-60. [PMID: 29084492 DOI: 10.1177/1538574417736420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of an 82-year-old male with known radiocontrast media (RCM) hypersensitivity who was admitted to our hospital with gangrene of his right toe. The plan for revascularization of his lower extremity required an angiogram. This presented a management challenge as the patient had experienced 2 episodes of delayed anaphylaxis to Omnipaque (iohexol) RCM, and based on a literature review, there was no known or established precedent on a safe procedure in these situations. The patient was premedicated and given a graded dose challenge of an alternative RCM (iodixanol) prior to the radiographic study. He was given 1% of the total expected dose 1 hour before to the procedure and an additional 10% for the 30 minutes prior. He was then given the final dose in the operating room. Following angiogram, the patient was monitored for 18 hours in the postanesthesia care unit, with no adverse reactions. He was placed on a prednisone taper for 1 week, with daily diphenhydramine. The patient remained asymptomatic throughout the hospital course. This novel approach to RCM hypersensitivity management lends itself to a hope that graded dose challenges may play a greater role in the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Soffer
- 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Barrie Cohen
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Toh
- 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Devorah Edelman
- 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Karan Garg
- 3 Department of Vascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sunit Jariwala
- 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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19
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Qian G, Yang YQ, Dong W, Cao F, Chen YD. Comparison of Iodixanol and Iopromide in Patients With Renal Insufficiency and Congestive Heart Failure Undergoing Coronary Angiography by Hemodynamic Monitoring. Angiology 2017; 68:907-913. [PMID: 28401790 DOI: 10.1177/0003319717701868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of contrast media (CM) with different osmolality on cardiac preload in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and congestive heart failure (CHF). Patients with CKD and CHF were equally randomized to receive either iso-osmolar contrast media (IOCM) iodixanol or low-osmolar contrast media iopromide. We measured cardiac preload indexes by invasive hemodynamic monitoring before and after CM injection. Major adverse cardiac events postprocedures were recorded. Increase in extravascular lung water index was only seen in the iopromide group ( P < .001), while global end diastolic index and central venous pressure were all significantly increased from baseline in the both groups ( P < .001, respectively), and the increase in cardiac preload indexes was significantly greater in the iopromide group than in the iodixanol group ( P < 0.001). The overall incidence of acute heart failure was more frequently observed in the iopromide group ( P = 0.027). Low-osmolar contrast media iopromide significantly increased cardiac preload in patients with CKD and CHF undergoing cardiac catheterization procedures compared with IOCM iodixanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Qian
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Yang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Dong
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Cao
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Dai Chen
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Chuawongboon P, Sirisathien S, Pongpeng J, Sakhong D, Nagai T, Vongpralub T. Effects of supplementation of iodixanol to semen extender on quality and fertilization ability of frozen-thawed Thai native bull sperm. Anim Sci J 2017; 88:1311-1320. [PMID: 28370846 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of iodixanol supplementation in varied concentrations to Tris egg yolk (TEY) extender on the quality and fertilization ability of frozen-thawed sperm of Thai native bulls. Each ejaculate was divided into four different groups, as follows: sperm were treated with TEY extender (control group) and TEY extender supplemented with three different concentrations of iodixanol (1.25%, 2.50% and 5.00%). Semen straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor. After thawing, sperm motility characteristics, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were determined. Also, frozen-thawed spermatozoa from all groups were used for in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination (AI) in natural estrus Thai native cows. The results showed that the post-thaw quality of the 2.50% iodixanol group was superior to the other iodixanol groups (P < 0.05). However, iodixanol had no beneficial effect on post-thaw sperm in vitro fertilization ability and pregnancy rate after AI (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementation of 2.50% iodixanol extender significantly improves the progressive motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity of cryopreserved semen from Thai native bulls, but it has no beneficial effect on in vitro fertilization ability and pregnancy rate after AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phirawit Chuawongboon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Saksiri Sirisathien
- Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Pongpeng
- Department of Livestock Development, Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Denpong Sakhong
- Department of Livestock Development, Veterinary Research and Development Center (Upper Northeastern Region), Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Japan.,Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thevin Vongpralub
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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21
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Hertig G, Zehnder M, Woloszyk A, Mitsiadis TA, Ivica A, Weber FE. Iodixanol as a Contrast Agent in a Fibrin Hydrogel for Endodontic Applications. Front Physiol 2017; 8:152. [PMID: 28360862 PMCID: PMC5350124 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of biomaterials used in regenerative endodontics should be traceable. In this study, we checked some basic effects of rendering a fibrin hydrogel radiopaque using an iodine-based contrast agent (iodixanol) approved for systemic application. Fibrin hydrogels were prepared from a fibrin sealant (Tisseel) using either an isotonic iodixanol solution (Visipaque 320, test) or Tris buffer (control) as a diluent. Gelation kinetics, radiopacity, and swelling of lyophilized hydrogels were tested using standard methods. Hydrogel structure was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, iodixanol release from the test gels was assessed using spectrophotometry, and tissue compatibility was compared between test and control hydrogels using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Results were compared using pairwise t-test, p < 0.05. Iodixanol caused a 70-fold delay in gelation to 26 min in the test compared to the control hydrogels (22 ± 1 s). Radiopacity of the test gels was 1.9 ± 0.2 mm Al/mm, compared to zero in the control hydrogels. Lyophilized hydrogel swelling was strongly reduced when iodixanol was added to the hydrogel (p < 0.05). Test hydrogels had an altered SEM appearance compared to controls, and exhibited a reduced porosity. Iodixanol release from the test hydrogels reached 14.5 ± 0.5% after 120 h and then ceased. This release did not have any apparent toxic effect and neither affected the viability, nor the physiology or vascularization of the CAM of fertilized chicken eggs. Iodixanol can render a fibrin hydrogel radiopaque and maintains its tissue compatibility, yet impacts gelation kinetics and hydrogel porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Hertig
- Oral Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Zehnder
- Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Woloszyk
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thimios A Mitsiadis
- Orofacial Development and Regeneration, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Ivica
- Oral Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz E Weber
- Oral Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
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Siddiqui MT, Litts JK, Cheney DM, Kuhn MA, Nativ-Zeltzer N, Belafsky PC. The effect of aspirated barium sulfate, iodixanol, and diatrizoic acid on survival and lung injury in a lagomorph model. Laryngoscope 2017; 127:E148-E152. [PMID: 28233902 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Contrast agents are an integral component of the video fluoroscopic swallow study. Agents commonly used include barium sulfate (E-Z Paque), iodixanol (Visipaque), and diatrizoic acid (Gastrografin). Barium is water insoluble, whereas iodixanol and diatrizoic acid are water-soluble iodine-based agents. The detrimental effect of these agents on the lungs has not been systematically evaluated. Our aim was to evaluate and compare the effects of aspirated barium, iodixanol, and diatrizoic acid on pulmonary injury in a lagomorph model. STUDY DESIGN Animal model. METHODS Twenty adult male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into four groups (n = 5). Group 1 received 3 mL of barium sulfate injected into the trachea for 3 consecutive days. Group 2 received 3 mL of iodixanol injected into the trachea for 3 consecutive days. Group 3 received 3 mL of diatrizoic acid injected into the trachea for 3 consecutive days. A control group received 3 mL of air injected into the trachea under an identical protocol. All animals were euthanized on day 4, and the lung and trachea were harvested for blinded histopathologic analysis. The primary outcome measure was survival. The secondary endpoint was a blinded, histologic grading system of lung injury. RESULTS Two animals in the barium group, one in the diatrizoic acid group, and 0 animals in the iodixanol and control groups died. The overall lung injury score for the barium (60.60 ± 6.34) and iodixanol groups (52.30 ± 3.11) were significantly higher (worse) than the diatrizoic acid (49.60 ± 7.64) and control groups (37.80 ± 3.56) (P < .05). Diatrizoic acid produced the least amount of lung injury. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that 3 mL of aspirated barium sulfate (E-Z Paque) over 3 consecutive days causes more severe lung injury in a lagomorph model than 3 mL of aspirated iodixanol (Visipaque) and diatrizoic acid (Gastrografin). Diatrizoic acid caused the least histologic evidence of lung injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 127:E148-E152, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tausif Siddiqui
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | - Juliana K Litts
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | - Diane M Cheney
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | - Maggie A Kuhn
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | - Nogah Nativ-Zeltzer
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | - Peter C Belafsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
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Kang J, Sangwan VK, Wood JD, Liu X, Balla I, Lam D, Hersam MC. Layer-by-Layer Sorting of Rhenium Disulfide via High-Density Isopycnic Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation. Nano Lett 2016; 16:7216-7223. [PMID: 27700101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugation (iDGU) has been widely applied to sort nanomaterials by their physical and electronic structure. However, the commonly used density-gradient medium iodixanol has a finite maximum buoyant density that prevents the use of iDGU for high-density nanomaterials. Here, we overcome this limit by adding cesium chloride (CsCl) to iodixanol, thus increasing its maximum buoyant density to the point where the high-density two-dimensional nanomaterial rhenium disulfide (ReS2) can be sorted in a layer-by-layer manner with iDGU. The resulting aqueous ReS2 dispersions show photoluminescence at ∼1.5 eV, which is consistent with its direct bandgap semiconductor electronic structure. Furthermore, photocurrent measurements on thin films formed from solution-processed ReS2 show a spectral response that is consistent with optical absorbance and photoluminescence data. In addition to providing a pathway for effective solution processing of ReS2, this work establishes a general methodology for sorting high-density nanomaterials via iDGU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohoon Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinod K Sangwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joshua D Wood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Itamar Balla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David Lam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Graduate Program in Applied Physics, §Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Medicine and ⊥Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Abstract
Sustainable production and use of carbon nanotube (CNT)-enabled materials require efficient assessment of CNT environmental hazards, including the potential for CNT bioaccumulation and biomagnification in environmental receptors. Microbes, as abundant organisms responsible for nutrient cycling in soil and water, are important ecological receptors for studying the effects of CNTs. Quantification of CNT association with microbial cells requires efficient separation of CNT-associated cells from individually dispersed CNTs and CNT agglomerates. Here, we designed, optimized, and demonstrated procedures for separating bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) from unbound multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and MWCNT agglomerates using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. We demonstrate separation of protozoa (Tetrahymena thermophila) from MWCNTs, bacterial agglomerates, and protozoan fecal pellets by centrifugation in an iodixanol solution. The presence of MWCNTs in the density gradients after centrifugation was determined by quantification of 14C-labeled MWCNTs; the recovery of microbes from the density gradient media was confirmed by optical microscopy. Protozoan intracellular contents of MWCNTs and of bacteria were also unaffected by the designed separation process. The optimized methods contribute to improved efficiency and accuracy in quantifying MWCNT association with bacteria and MWCNT accumulation in protozoan cells, thus supporting improved assessment of CNT bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mortimer
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Elijah J. Petersen
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
| | - Bruce A. Buchholz
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;
| | - Patricia A. Holden
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-805-893-3195
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Zhang JJ, Hogstrom B, Malinak J, Ikei N. Effects of viscosity on power and hand injection of iso-osmolar iodinated contrast media through thin catheters. Acta Radiol 2016; 57:557-64. [PMID: 26185266 DOI: 10.1177/0284185115595059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It can be challenging to achieve adequate vessel opacification during percutaneous coronary interventions when using thin catheters, hand injection, and iso-osmolar contrast media (CM) such as iodixanol (Visipaque™). PURPOSE To explore these limitations and the possibility to overcome them with iosimenol, a novel CM. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three X-ray contrast media with different concentrations were used in this study. A series of in vitro experiments established the relationship between injection pressure and flow rate in angiography catheters under various conditions. The experiments were conducted with power and hand injections and included a double-blind evaluation of user perception. RESULTS By using hand injection, it was generally not possible to reach a maximum injection pressure exceeding 50 psi. The time within which volunteers were able to complete the injections, the area under the pressure-time curve (AUC), and assessment of ease of injection all were in favor of iosimenol compared with iodixanol, especially when using the 4F thin catheter. Within the pressure ranges tested, the power injections demonstrated that the amount of iodine delivered at a fixed pressure was strongly related to viscosity but unrelated to iodine concentration. CONCLUSION There are substantial limitations to the amount of iodine that can be delivered through thin catheters by hand injection when iso-osmolar CM with high viscosity is used. The only viable solution, besides increasing the injection pressure, is to use a CM with lower viscosity, since the cost of increasing the concentration, in terms of increased viscosity and consequent reduction in flow, is too high. Iosimenol, an iso-osmolar CM with lower viscosity than iodixanol might therefore be a better alternative when thinner catheters are preferred, especially when the radial artery is used as the access site.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Zhang
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Barry Hogstrom
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Nobuhiro Ikei
- Otsuka International Asia Arab Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful cryopreservation of rat spermatozoa from various strains still remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to determine if combinations of OptiPrep™ (iodixanol) and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) can improve rat sperm function during the cryopreservation procedure. METHODS Epididymal rat spermatozoa were frozen under different OptiPrep™ concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 %) and were diluted with media supplemented with or without 2 mM ATP after thawing. Post-thaw sperm motility, acrosomal membrane integrity (AMI) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were then evaluated. In addition, the effect of different OptiPrep™ concentrations on fresh and cooled rat spermatozoa was tested via motility. RESULTS There was no effect of OptiPrep™ on motility of fresh and cooled spermatozoa. The supplementation of 1 and 2 % OptiPrep™ increased motility of frozen spermatozoa at 10 min after thawing, while it did not improve motility of spermatozoa at 3 h after thawing in the absence of ATP. During incubation of thawed spermatozoa, the ATP addition protected time-dependent decrease in motility after thawing in OptiPrep™-treated samples. OptiPrep™ had no effect on AMI and MMP in frozen-thawed spermatozoa but combinations of OptiPrep™ and ATP improved MMP in frozen-thawed spermatozoa. CONCLUSIONS Iodixanol has cryoprotective effects during rat sperm freezing without any toxic effect. Moreover, the combinations of iodixanol and ATP have a beneficial role in maintaining function of frozen-thawed rat spermatozoa for long period of incubation post-thaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1600 East Rollins Street, Room W191, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sarah Hooper
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1600 East Rollins Street, Room W191, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Cansu Agca
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1600 East Rollins Street, Room W191, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yuksel Agca
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1600 East Rollins Street, Room W191, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Gonzàlez M, Heras M, Rosales R, Guardiola M, Plana N, Vallvé JC, Masana L, Ribalta J. Letter to Editor: Increased Presence of Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol in The Hdl of Diabetic Subjects. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2016; 46:229-232. [PMID: 27098636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonzàlez
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Roser Rosales
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Montse Guardiola
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Plana
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Vallvé
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Ribalta
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi. Facultat de Medicina, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Insitut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili. Universitat Rovira i Virgili. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Spain
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Kulanuwat S, Tungtrongchitr R, Billington D, Davies IG. Prevalence of plasma small dense LDL is increased in obesity in a Thai population. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:30. [PMID: 25925050 PMCID: PMC4415445 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles vary in size, density, electrical charge and chemical composition. An increased presence of small dense LDL (sdLDL), along with raised triglyceride concentrations and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations is commonly known as the atherogenic triad and has been observed in some cases of obesity, principally in Europe and America. This study examines the prevalence of sdLDL in the plasma of an obese (BMI≥25 kg/m2) Thai population. METHODS Plasma from fasted obese (n=48) and non-obese (n=16) Thai participants was subjected to density gradient ultracentrifugation in iodixanol to separate lipoproteins. Gradients were unloaded top-to-bottom into 20 fractions which were assayed for cholesterol, triglyceride, apo B and apo A-1 to identify lipoprotein types and subtypes. RESULTS LDL cholesterol was subfractionated into LDL I+II (fractions 3-6, ρ=1.021-1.033 g/ml) which was considered to represent large buoyant LDL (lbLDL), LDL III (fractions 7-9, ρ=1.036-1.039 g/ml) which was considered to represent sdLDL, and, LDL IV (fractions 10-12, ρ=1.044-1.051 g/ml) which was considered to represent very sdLDL. Concentrations of LDL III and IV were increased by 15-20% in obese participants whilst that of LDL I+II was concomitantly decreased by 10%. This was accompanied by a 50% increase in plasma triglyceride concentrations and 15% decrease in HDL cholesterol concentrations. Only 3/16 (19%) non-obese participants had a pattern B LDL cholesterol profile (peak density of >1.033 g/ml), whilst 28/48 (58%) obese participants were pattern B. When expressed as a fraction of the LDL concentration, total sdLDL (i.e. LDL III+IV) showed highly significant correlations to plasma triglyceride concentrations and the triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sdLDL is increased in obesity in a Thai population such that they demonstrate a similar atherogenic triad to that previously observed in European and American populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikul Kulanuwat
- Department of Tropical Nutrition & Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Rungsunn Tungtrongchitr
- Department of Tropical Nutrition & Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - David Billington
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Ian G Davies
- Faculty of Education, Health and Community, Liverpool John Moores University, Barkhill Road, Liverpool, L17 6BD, UK.
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Ozturk U, Sungur MA, Karakas T, Mulayim K, Ozturk P. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by iodixanol (Visipaque): a serious reaction to a commonly used drug. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2014; 34:344-6. [PMID: 25363067 DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2014.961071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is an acute sterile pustular eruption most commonly induced by medications. Although antibiotics are the most commonly accused drugs in AGEP, non-antibiotic agents may also cause this disease. We present a case of AGEP following use of iodixanol for coronary angiography in a 61-year-old woman. Given the wide use of this substance in cardiology, clinicians should be aware of this potential complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unal Ozturk
- a Department of Cardiology , Kahramanmaras Necip Fazil Sehir Hospital , Kahramanmaras , Turkey and
| | - Mustafa Azmi Sungur
- a Department of Cardiology , Kahramanmaras Necip Fazil Sehir Hospital , Kahramanmaras , Turkey and
| | - Tugba Karakas
- b Department of Dermatology,Faculty of Medicine , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University , Kahramanmaras , Turkey
| | - Kamil Mulayim
- b Department of Dermatology,Faculty of Medicine , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University , Kahramanmaras , Turkey
| | - Perihan Ozturk
- b Department of Dermatology,Faculty of Medicine , Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University , Kahramanmaras , Turkey
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Hirao Y, Kashiyama E, Umehara K, Kohno M, Ikei N, Hogstrom B. Hemodialysis clearance of iosimenol, a novel iso-osmolar radiographic contrast medium. Acta Radiol 2014; 55:938-44. [PMID: 24123996 DOI: 10.1177/0284185113508113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodinated contrast media (CM) have molecular and pharmacokinetic properties likely to make them highly dialyzable. Controlled clinical studies allowing for comparisons of hemodialysis clearance between different test substances and in multiple hemodialysis filters are, however, complex and not always practically feasible. A miniaturized in vitro method was therefore developed to evaluate the dialyzability of a new CM. PURPOSE To evaluate hemodialysis clearance of iosimenol, a novel iso-osmolar contrast medium (CM), in a select variety of hemodialysis filters and in comparison to commercially available CM. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three different high-flux and one low-flux membrane were used in miniaturized dialyzers to evaluate the in vitro blood clearance of iosimenol. Commercially available CM (iodixanol and iohexol) served as control substances. In vitro dialysis parameters were then used to predict clinical hemodialysis clearances. Residual ratios of endogenous substances (inorganic phosphate, urea nitrogen, creatinine, total bilirubin, and albumin) were used as proof of reliability of the in vitro dialysis system. RESULTS Dialyzable small endogenous molecules were readily eliminated in all membranes. The removal ratios of iosimenol were generally similar to that of iodixanol in all membranes except the high-flux polysulfone but were consistently lower than that of iohexol. The blood clearance of iosimenol during clinical hemodialysis was predicted as, on average, approximately 85 mL/min with the high-flux membranes and 47 mL/min with the low-flux membrane. CONCLUSION The dialyzability of iosimenol was evaluated using a newly developed in vitro dialysis system, and iosimenol was readily cleared from blood with all four tested membranes. And it is suggested that the dialysis parameters can predict clinical hemodialysis clearance of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hirao
- Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiyama
- Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ken Umehara
- Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Kohno
- Department of Bio Research, Kamakura Techno-Science, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ikei
- Otsuka International Asia Arab Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Barry Hogstrom
- Otsuka Novel Product, Medical Imaging, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA
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Franke RP, Krüger A, Scharnweber T, Wenzel F, Jung F. Effects of radiographic contrast media on the micromorphology of the junctional complex of erythrocytes visualized by immunocytology. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16134-52. [PMID: 25222553 PMCID: PMC4200837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of radiographic contrast media (RCM) application were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo where the injection of RCM into the A. axillaris of patients with coronary artery disease was followed by a significant and RCM-dependent decrease of erythrocyte velocity in downstream skin capillaries. Another study in pigs revealed that the deceleration of erythrocytes coincided with a significant reduction of the oxygen partial pressure in the myocardium--supplied by the left coronary artery--after the administration of RCM into this artery. Further reports showed RCM dependent alterations of erythrocytes like echinocyte formation and exocytosis, sequestration of actin or band 3 and the buckling of endothelial cells coinciding with a formation of interendothelial fenestrations leading to areas devoid of endothelial cells. Key to morphological alterations of erythrocytes is the membrane cytoskeleton, which is linked to the band 3 in the erythrocyte membrane via the junctional complex. Fundamental observations regarding the cell biological and biochemical aspects of the structure and function of the cell membrane and the membrane cytoskeleton of erythrocytes have been reported. This review focuses on recent results gained, e.g., by advanced confocal laser scanning microscopy of different double-stained structural elements of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Krüger
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
| | - Tim Scharnweber
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Folker Wenzel
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Center of University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
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Sasaki Y, Iwama R, Sato T, Heishima K, Shimamura S, Ichijo T, Satoh H, Furuhama K. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in conscious mice using a simplified equation. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/8/e12135. [PMID: 25168878 PMCID: PMC4246576 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an expedient procedure for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in conscious mice, we first established a simple technique for repeated blood collections from the tail vein using a microcapillary tube attached to a 24-gauge needle without the hub. Then, we devised a definition equation for estimation of the GFR using the contrast medium iodixanol as a test tracer. Iodixanol was administered as a bolus injection at 1500 mg I/kg to ddY mice, and the GFR was determined by the conventional multisample strategy. Based on cumulative data from the multisample method, an equation for the single-blood-sample method including the iodixanol dose, estimated distribution volume (Vd), and plasma iodixanol concentration at 60 min later was sought. The GFR values from the multisample method were in good agreement with those calculated using the equation. In clinically healthy mice, the GFR decreased gradually with ages from 11 weeks old in both sexes, suggesting the necessity of the corresponding control in each protocol. In nephropathy mice induced by cisplatin, the GFR values decreased with rises in serum BUN and creatinine concentrations, and serum creatinine became elevated when the GFR decreased to approximately 70% of the basal value. The results suggest that the simplified equation using iodixanol, allowing for the repeated use of the same mice, is a versatile procedure for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Sasaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Iwama
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sato
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kazuki Heishima
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Shimamura
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tosihiro Ichijo
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Furuhama
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Dantas-Lima JJ, Corteel M, Cornelissen M, Bossier P, Sorgeloos P, Nauwynck HJ. Purification of white spot syndrome virus by iodixanol density gradient centrifugation. J Fish Dis 2013; 36:841-851. [PMID: 23384051 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, only a few brief procedures for purifying white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) have been described. They were mainly based on sucrose, NaBr and CsCl density gradient centrifugation. This work describes for the first time the purification of WSSV through iodixanol density gradients, using virus isolated from infected tissues and haemolymph of Penaeus vannamei (Boone). The purification from tissues included a concentration step by centrifugation (2.5 h at 60,000 g) onto a 50% iodixanol cushion and a purification step by centrifugation (3 h at 80,000 g) through a discontinuous iodixanol gradient (phosphate-buffered saline, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The purification from infected haemolymph enclosed a dialysis step with a membrane of 1,000 kDa (18 h) and a purification step through the earlier iodixanol gradient. The gradients were collected in fractions and analysed. The number of particles, infectivity titre (in vivo), total protein and viral protein content were evaluated. The purification from infected tissues gave WSSV suspensions with a very high infectivity and an acceptable purity, while virus purified from haemolymph had a high infectivity and a very high purity. Additionally, it was observed that WSSV has an unusually low buoyant density and that it is very sensitive to high external pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Dantas-Lima
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Yao L, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG, Zhang WW. Intravascular radiocontrast iodixanol increases permeability of proximal tubule epithelium: a possible mechanism of contrast-induced nephropathy. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2013; 47:632-8. [PMID: 24005192 DOI: 10.1177/1538574413503560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of Iodixanol on kidney proximal tubular cell line human kidney 2 (HK-2). METHODS The HK-2 cells were treated with Iodixanol. A Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to evaluate apoptosis. Cell viability was measured by proliferation assay kit. Cell permeability changes were assessed by transwell assay and intercellular gaps measurement. Expression of claudin-2 was assessed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS Iodixanol reduced tubule cell viability (P < .01) but did not cause apoptosis. The intercellular gap formation (P < .01) and transwell (P < .05) assays revealed that cell permeability significantly increased after Iodixanol treatment of monolayer cells. Western blot and qRT-PCR showed significant upregulation of claudin-2 protein (P < .05) and messenger RNA expression (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro data do not support the hypothesis that direct kidney cell death from Iodixanol is a major mechanism of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). However, increased permeability of proximal tubule epithelium caused by Iodixanol may play an important role in CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Yao
- 1Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Murayama I, Miyano A, Sasaki Y, Kimura A, Sato S, Furuhama K. Glomerular filtration rate in Holstein dairy cows estimated from a single blood sample using iodixanol. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:5120-8. [PMID: 23791486 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The isotonic, nonionic, contrast medium iodixanol, as a test substance, was compared with the conventional glomerular filtration rate (GFR) tracer inulin to establish a simplified procedure for estimating the GFR in Holstein dairy cows. First, inulin and iodixanol were coadministered as a bolus intravenous injection to clinically healthy cows at 30 mg/kg and 10mg of I/kg of body weight, respectively, followed by blood collection for multisample strategies. Serum iodixanol and inulin concentrations were separately determined by using HPLC and colorimetry, respectively, and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in sera were measured. In the multisample method, the GFR values estimated by iodixanol were consistent with those estimated by inulin. No effects of body weight, age, or parity on GFR estimates were noted with either protocol used. No difference was observed between the GFR values obtained from nonlactating and lactating cows, suggesting that no transfer of iodixanol to milk occurred. An equation for calculating the GFR in the single-sample method was derived from the injected dose, sampling time, serum concentration, and estimated volume of distribution based on data from the multisample method in clinically healthy cows and cows with reduced renal function. The GFR values estimated by the single-sample method were in good agreement with those calculated by using the multisample method. These results demonstrate that the single-sample method using iodixanol can be applied as an alternative procedure for screening GFR in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Murayama
- Miyagi Prefectural Federation of Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Miyagi 989-0731, Japan
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Zo'o M, Hoermann M, Balassy C, Brunelle F, Azoulay R, Pariente D, Panuel M, Le Dosseur P. Renal safety in pediatric imaging: randomized, double-blind phase IV clinical trial of iobitridol 300 versus iodixanol 270 in multidetector CT. Pediatr Radiol 2011; 41:1393-400. [PMID: 21713440 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-011-2164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is debated whether iso-osmolar and low-osmolar contrast media are associated with different incidences of contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with renal insufficiency. OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of CIN in children undergoing contrast-enhanced multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) with intravenous injection of low-osmolar (iobitridol, Xenetix® 300) or an iso-osmolar (iodixanol, Visipaque® 270) iodinated contrast medium. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred forty-six children with normal renal function were included in this multicenter trial and underwent contrast-enhanced MDCT. The primary endpoint was the relative change in creatinine clearance from 48 h pre- to 72 h postcontrast medium administration using a noninferiority analysis in the intent-to-treat (ITT, n = 128) and per protocol (n = 68) populations. Secondary endpoints were incidence of CIN, global image quality, diagnostic efficacy and clinical safety. RESULTS In the ITT population, the noninferiority of iobitridol over iodixanol was demonstrated. CIN incidence was 4.8% (three cases) with iobitridol and 10.6% (seven cases) with iodixanol (not significant). No statistically significant differences were observed for the secondary endpoints. CONCLUSION Comparable satisfactory safety profiles were confirmed for both contrast media, with no significant difference in the incidence of CIN in children with normal renal function.
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Graham JM. Purification of islets of Langerhans from porcine pancreas. ScientificWorldJournal 2002; 2:1657-61. [PMID: 12806158 PMCID: PMC6009322 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2002.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flotation through a slightly hyperosmotic discontinuous gradient iodixanol achieves a much higher recovery of islets of an improved viability than the customary method using sedimentation on to a diatrizoate/polysaccharide barrier. Flotation techniques achieve an enhanced separation of the islets from any residual digestive enzymes and from acinar cells. The method has been extended to human pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Lipid-rich lipid rafts are microdomains of the plasma membrane that are resistant to low concentrations of nonionic detergent. This forms the basis for their isolation. Either a microsomal fraction or a postnuclear supernatant are loaded beneath a discontinuous iodixanol gradient. If all the solutions contain 0.5-1.0% Triton X-100, the intact lipid rafts float to the top of the gradient while all of the other detergent-solubilized membranes remain at the bottom.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
The standard techniques for the isolation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using commercial "lymphocyte isolation media" cannot be satisfactorily extended to experimental animals without manipulating either the density or the osmolality of the medium. PBMCs from Macaques can also be isolated from whole blood by sedimentation on to a density barrier containing approx. 10% iodixanol, polysucrose (Ficoll) with a density of approx 1.074 g/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Human peripheral blood monocytes are isolated by flotation from a dense leukocyte-rich plasma (LRP) through two lower-density barriers prepared from OptiPrep. The separation from lymphocytes depends on the more rapid rate of flotation of the monocytes because of their slightly lower density and larger size. The method works optimally only with fresh (within 2 h of drawing) EDTA-anticoagulated blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Acid-secreting parietal cells from the gastric mucosa are widely studied as a model in studies on ion transport. A discontinuous gradient of iodixanol has been found to be superior to earlier protocols using Nycodenz and this method, which removes a significant amount of contaminating cells and mucus is a very useful prelude to further purification by elutriation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
The plating efficiency of neurons in culture is highly dependent on the concentration of cells used to establish the monolayer. A discontinuous iodixanol gradient permits both the production of a viable concentrated suspension of neurons and purification from other brain tissue elements. The gradient that is described in this Protocol Article is applicable to brain tissue from rat and also from human biopsy specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Acid-secreting parietal cells from the gastric mucosa are widely studied as a model in studies on ion transport and the endocrine/paracrine ECL cells effectively control parietal cell function. Discontinuous gradients of iodixanol for the purification of ECL cells were subsequently simplified to the use of a density barrier. This technique is now commonly used following initial centrifugal elutriation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Platelets from human blood can be isolated in high yield by centrifugation of whole blood over an iodixanol density barrier of 1.063 g/ml. The separation from all of the blood cells (which form a pellet) is based on the slower sedimentation velocity of the smaller platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Graham JM. Separation of membrane vesicles and cytosol from yeast, cultured cells, and bacteria in a small volume self-generated gradient in a fixed-angle rotor. ScientificWorldJournal 2002; 2:1603-6. [PMID: 12806146 PMCID: PMC6009728 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2002.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many situations when it is necessary to separate rapidly and efficiently a cytosolic and a membrane vesicle fraction from yeast, cultured cells, or from bacteria. This Protocol Article describes the flotation of the vesicles through a self-generated gradient from a dense sample zone using the low-viscosity medium iodixanol. As the sample is exposed to the gmax the tendency of the proteins to sediment overcomes any diffusion in the opposite direction and are therefore completely separated from the vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Graham JM. Purification of peroxisomes in a preformed iodixanol gradient in a fixed-angle rotor. ScientificWorldJournal 2002; 2:1536-9. [PMID: 12806135 PMCID: PMC6009509 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2002.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In iodixanol, peroxisomes are the densest organelle in the light mitochondrial fraction and are therefore easily separated from the other components (lysosomes, mitochondria, etc.) in a preformed isosmotic continuous gradient. The resolution of the peroxisomes is far superior than that in sucrose and, unlike in Percoll there is no contamination from endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Any density gradient for the isolation of mammalian cells should ideally only expose the sedimenting particles to an increasing concentration of the gradient solute. Thus they will experience only an increasing density and viscosity, other parameters such as osmolality, pH, ionic strength and the concentration of important additives (such as EDTA or divalent cations) should remain as close to constant as possible. This Protocol Article describes the strategies for the dilution of OptiPrep in order to prepare such solutions for mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
There are many situations when it is necessary to separate rapidly and efficiently a cytosolic and a membrane vesicle fraction from either cultured cells or from bacteria. Flotation of the vesicles through a low-density barrier from a dense sample zone using the low viscosity medium iodixanol allows complete separation of these compartments. As the sample is exposed to the gmax the tendency of the proteins to sediment overcomes any diffusion in the opposite direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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Abstract
Nuclei are isolated by buoyant density banding in a discontinuous iodixanol gradient, under isoosmotic conditions. The low viscosity of the gradient allows the purification to be carried out at 10,000g in only 20 min. The method avoids possible damage to nucleoprotein complexes caused by hyperosmotic sucrose gradients. Although developed for mammalian liver the method can be applied (with or without minor modifications) to any tissue or cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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50
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Abstract
In iodixanol, peroxisomes are the densest organelle in the light mitochondrial fraction and are therefore easily separated from the other components (lysosomes, mitochondria, etc.) in a self-generated gradient. Self-generated gradients make sample handling very easy and are highly reproducible but need to be formed in either a vertical, near-vertical, or small volume high-performance fixed-angle rotor. The resolution of the peroxisomes is far superior than that in sucrose and, unlike in Percoll there is no contamination from endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University.
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