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Boudreaux BD, Frederick GM, O'Connor PJ, Evans EM, Schmidt MD. Harmonization of three different accelerometers to classify the 24 h activity cycle. Physiol Meas 2024; 45:045003. [PMID: 38530322 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad37ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Increasing interest in measuring key components of the 24 h activity cycle (24-HAC) [sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)] has led to a need for better methods. Single wrist-worn accelerometers and different self-report instruments can assess the 24-HAC but may not accurately classify time spent in the different components or be subject to recall errors.Objective. To overcome these limitations, the current study harmonized output from multiple complimentary research grade accelerometers and assessed the feasibility and logistical challenges of this approach.Approach. Participants (n= 108) wore an: (a) ActiGraph GT9X on the wrist, (b) activPAL3 on the thigh, and (c) ActiGraph GT3X+ on the hip for 7-10 d to capture the 24-HAC. Participant compliance with the measurement protocol was compared across devices and an algorithm was developed to harmonize data from the accelerometers. The resulting 24-HAC estimates were described within and across days.Main results. Usable data for each device was obtained from 94.3% to 96.7% of participants and 89.4% provided usable data from all three devices. Compliance with wear instructions ranged from 70.7% of days for the GT3X+ to 93.2% of days for the activPAL3. Harmonized estimates indicated that, on average, university students spent 34% of the 24 h day sleeping, 41% sedentary, 21% in LPA, and 4% in MVPA. These behaviors varied substantially by time of day and day of the week.Significance. It is feasible to use three accelerometers in combination to derive a harmonized estimate the 24-HAC. The use of multiple accelerometers can minimize gaps in 24-HAC data however, factors such as additional research costs, and higher participant and investigator burden, should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Boudreaux
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032-3784, United States of America
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Davis-Wilson HC, Thoma LM, Franz JR, Blackburn JT, Longobardi L, Schwartz TA, Hackney AC, Pietrosimone B. Physical Activity Associates with T1rho MRI of Femoral Cartilage After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:411-417. [PMID: 37796166 PMCID: PMC10922225 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Less physical activity has been associated with systemic biomarkers of cartilage breakdown after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, previous research lacks analysis of deleterious cartilage compositional changes and objective physical activity after ACLR. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between physical activity quantified via accelerometer-based measures of daily steps and time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and T1rho magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the femoral articular cartilage, a marker of proteoglycan density in individuals with ACLR. METHODS Daily steps and MVPA were assessed over 7 d using an accelerometer worn on the hip in 26 individuals between 6 and 12 months after primary unilateral ACLR. Resting T1rho MRI was collected bilaterally, and T1rho MRI interlimb ratios (ILR: ACLR limb/contralateral limb) were calculated for lateral and medial femoral condyle regions of interest. We conducted univariate linear regression analyses to determine associations between T1rho MRI ILRs and daily steps and MVPA with and without controlling for sex. RESULTS Greater T1rho MRI ILR of the central lateral femoral condyle, indicative of less proteoglycan density in the ACLR limb, was associated with greater time in MVPA ( R2 = 0.178, P = 0.032). Sex-adjusted models showed significant interaction terms between daily steps and sex in the anterior ( P = 0.025), central ( P = 0.002), and posterior ( P = 0.002) medial femoral condyle. CONCLUSIONS Lesser physical activity may be a risk factor for maintaining cartilage health after ACLR; additionally, the relationship between physical activity and cartilage health may be different between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope C. Davis-Wilson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
- MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Louise M. Thoma
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jason R. Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J. Troy Blackburn
- MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lara Longobardi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Todd A. Schwartz
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- MOTION Science Institute, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Solk P, Auster-Gussman LA, Torre E, Welch WA, Murphy K, Starikovsky J, Reading JM, Victorson DE, Phillips SM. Effects of mindful physical activity on perceived exercise exertion and other physiological and psychological responses: results from a within-subjects, counter-balanced study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1285315. [PMID: 38022935 PMCID: PMC10667420 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1285315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most adults are insufficiently active. Mindfulness training may increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) adoption and adherence. However, physiological and psychological factors underlying these effects are not well understood. This study examined the effects of an acute bout of MVPA, mindfulness training, and combined MVPA and mindfulness training on physiological and psychological outcomes. Methods Healthy adults (N = 29, Mage = 28.6) completed 20-min counterbalanced conditions: (a) mindfulness training (MIND); (b) moderate intensity walking (PA), and (c) moderate intensity walking while listening to MVPA-specific guided mindfulness training (PAMIND). Heart rate (HR), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Feeling Scale (FS) and Blood Pressure (BP) were measured at rest, at regular intervals during each condition, and post-condition. Mindfulness, state anxiety, and self-efficacy were assessed pre- and post-condition. Results Average and peak HR, systolic BP (SBP), and RPE were significantly higher, and average and peak FS were significantly lower during the PA and PAMIND conditions compared to MIND (p < 0.001). Average RPE was significantly higher for PA compared to PAMIND (p < 0.001). Heart rate, feeling scale, body and mental events mindfulness, and self-efficacy for walking increased from pre to post (all p's < 0.001) for all conditions. Time by condition interactions were significant for change in heart rate, mental events mindfulness, and state anxiety from pre- to post-condition. Conclusion The physiological response to MVPA and PAMIND were similar. However, RPE was rated lower in the PAMIND condition, which could have implications for MVPA adoption and maintenance. Future work should further explore RPE combining MVPA and mindfulness training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payton Solk
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lisa A. Auster-Gussman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Emily Torre
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Whitney A. Welch
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karly Murphy
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Julia Starikovsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jean M. Reading
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David E. Victorson
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Siobhan M. Phillips
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Scicluna N, Hamer M, Blodgett JM. Associations Between Adolescent Sport and Exercise Participation and Device-Assessed Physical Activity in Adulthood: Evidence From the 1970 British Cohort Study. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:812-822. [PMID: 37160290 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period filled with life changes. Early implementation of effective health promotion strategies could help alleviate the morbidity and mortality associated with inactivity. This study investigated whether adolescent participation in exercise and sport is associated with device-assessed physical activity (PA) levels in midlife. METHODS A total of 2984 participants (41.2% male) from the 1970 British Cohort Study were included. Participants were surveyed at age 16 years on 5 indicators of exercise and sport participation. Total daily PA and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) at age 46 years were measured using a thigh-worn accelerometer, worn for 7 days. Associations between each adolescent exercise or sport indicator and adulthood total daily PA and MVPA were examined using linear regressions, adjusting for sex, wear time, body mass index, smoking, disability, malaise, alcohol consumption, social class, education, and self-rated health. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, adolescents who reported exercising "much more" than others (8.6 min/d; 95% confidence interval, -0.1 to 17.1), who played sports at the park/playground more than once a week (8.5 [3.0-14.0] min/d), and who exercised on the most recent Saturday (3.8 [0.7-6.9] min/d) had higher adult total PA levels than those who reported the lowest activity levels. There was no evidence of an association between greater sport and exercise participation at age 16 y and MVPA at age 46 y. There was no association between sports at school and either measure of adult PA. CONCLUSION Active adolescents, particularly those who engaged in out-of-school exercise, had higher total daily PA levels, but not MVPA levels, in midlife. This highlights the potential of early PA interventions to improve PA levels in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Scicluna
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, University College London, London,United Kingdom
- Mater Dei Hospital, Msida,Malta
| | - Mark Hamer
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, University College London, London,United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M Blodgett
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, University College London, London,United Kingdom
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Cai S, Zhong P, Dang J, Liu Y, Shi D, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Hu P, Ma J, Dong Y, Song Y. Associations between combinations of 24-h movement behaviors and physical fitness among Chinese adolescents: Sex and age disparities. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1779-1791. [PMID: 37309995 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between 24-h movement behaviors and adolescents' physical fitness, with sex difference and age disparity explored specifically. METHODS A total of 135 852 Chinese adolescents aged 13-22 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Self-reported 24-h movement behavioral times, including moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen, and sleep, were identified as meeting guidelines based on Canadian recommendations. Physical fitness indicator (PFI) was calculated through sex- and age-specific z scores of body mass index, forced vital capacity, 50 m dash, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, body muscle strength, and endurance running, and then classified as: low level (<20th), middle level (20th-80th), and high level (>80th). Mixed effect logistic regression was applied to analyze the association, and interaction terms were constructed to prove the sex and age disparities. RESULTS Only 12.4% of adolescents aged 13-22 years met all three recommendations. The number of meeting guidelines exhibited a typical dose-response relationship with high level PFI (OR = 1.22 [95% CI: 1.19-1.25]), and in detail, meeting MVPA + recreational screen (OR = 2.29 [95% CI: 2.09-2.51]) or MVPA-only (OR = 2.16 [95% CI: 1.93-2.41]) guidelines were better associated with high-level PFI. Besides, meeting MVPA-only guideline was proved with stronger association with high-level PFI for boys (p-interaction = 0.005). The dose-response relationship in boys of the number of guidelines met with PFI was stronger in 19- to 22-year-olds (p-interaction <0.001) and 16- to 18-year-olds (p-interaction = 0.001) than that in 13- to 15-year-olds. CONCLUSION The prevalence of meeting 24-h movement behaviors guidelines among Chinese adolescents aged 13-22 years was relatively low. It was associated with adolescents' physical fitness, with meeting MVPA + recreational screen or MVPA-only guidelines bringing greater benefits, and sex difference and age disparity existing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cai
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Panliang Zhong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Dang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Di Shi
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyue Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yihang Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Peijin Hu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
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Suchert V, Hanewinkel R, Neumann C, Hansen J. Regional Socioeconomic Deprivation in Germany and Adherence to the 24-h Movement Guidelines among Children and Adolescents. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1392. [PMID: 37628391 PMCID: PMC10453420 DOI: 10.3390/children10081392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
To examine the relationship between regional socioeconomic deprivation and adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines among children and adolescents, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 17,433 students aged 9-17 participated in a survey in winter 2021/2022. Daily screen time (ST), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sleep behavior were outcome variables. The German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD), a regional socioeconomic objective measure, was the exposure variable. Associations between GISD and health behaviors were examined using regression models. Models were adjusted for age, gender, school type, and individual self-reported socioeconomic status (SES). The proportions of meeting the MVPA, ST, and sleep duration guidelines were 14%, 22%, and 34%, respectively. A total of 2.3% met all guidelines. Students from the most deprived communities were half as likely to meet all three guidelines compared to students from the most affluent regions (OR = 0.49 [0.28; -0.03], p = 0.010). There was a consistent relationship between GISD and lower levels of adherence to screen time guidelines (most deprived compared to most affluent: OR = 0.49 [0.38; 0.64], p < 0.001). There was no association between GISD and adherence to sleep time guidelines. We found mixed results for the association between GISD and MVPA. Regional SES appears to be an important factor associated with screen time. Screen time should be limited through intervention programs, especially in disadvantaged areas. Parents should be made aware of their children's increased media consumption. Recommendations for screen time should be clearly communicated, as should the health disadvantages of increased media consumption in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Suchert
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Hanewinkel
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens Neumann
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Hansen
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
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Shull ER, McIver K, McLain AC, Monsma E, Pate RR. Factors Associated with Children's Physical Activity During Youth Soccer Practices. Res Q Exerc Sport 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37466911 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2225563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To identify practice and social contextual factors that associate with physical activity (PA) levels of children during their participation in a youth soccer program. Methods: Twenty-seven youth soccer teams serving children ages 6-11 years participated. Research staff directly observed and recorded PA intensity and practice and social contextual factors using momentary time-sampling procedures. Each team was observed for 1 practice, during which approximately 6 children were each observed for twenty 30-s observation blocks (10-s observation, 20-s recording). In total, children were observed for 3,102 intervals. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted to describe associations between PA intensity and practice and social contexts. Interaction terms were introduced into the models to determine if the associations differed across girls-only, boys-only, and coed teams. Results: A total of 158 children were observed across the 27 teams. Children were more likely to engage in moderate or vigorous PA while performing fitness (Odds Ratio [OR], 9.9, 95% CI = 5.34-18.04), game (OR, 4.0, 95% CI = 2.88-5.66), warm-up (OR, 2.8, 95% CI = 1.85-4.11), and drill (OR, 1.9, 95% CI = 1.41-2.67) activities compared to tactic/instructional activities. The associations between PA intensity levels and practice and social contexts did not differ across girls-only, boys-only, and coed teams. Conclusions: Fitness activities and full-team game play were associated with higher PA intensity levels during children's participation in youth soccer practices. Youth sport practice protocols can be modified to increase children's physical activity.
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Sugimoto D, Stracciolini A, Berbert L, Nohelty E, Kobelski GP, Parmeter B, Weller E, Faigenbaum AD, Myer GD. Assessment of Physical Tests in 6-11 Years Old Children: Findings from the Play Lifestyle and Activity in Youth (PLAY) Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2552. [PMID: 36767925 PMCID: PMC9915144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose was to evaluate selected physical tests in children and to compare the outcomes by sex. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate children 6-11 years who completed five physical tests: hand grip, vertical jump, sit and reach, Y-balance, and obstacle course (time and score). The outcome measures including test results were descriptively examined and compared by sex. The study participants consisted of 133 children (62 males and 71 females, with a median age of 7.8 years). Girls showed superior sit and reach performance (p = 0.002) compared with boys. Boys demonstrated better Y-balance scores (p = 0.007) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.042) than girls. Sex comparison within three age groups (6-<8 years, 8-<10 years, and 10-<12 years) showed that girls performed better on the sit and reach compared with boys in the in 6-<8 years (p = 0.009). Boys demonstrated higher Y-balance scores (p = 0.017) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.007) compared with girls in the 8-<10-year age group. These data will serve to guide future efforts to evaluate normative measures of physical literacy and guide targeted training interventions to promote sustained physical activity in children with deficits relative to their age and sex norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Sugimoto
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 202-0021, Japan
| | - Andrea Stracciolini
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura Berbert
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric Nohelty
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Greggory P. Kobelski
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky Parmeter
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edie Weller
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Gregory D. Myer
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
- Emory Sports Performance and Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, GA 30542, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
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Zhou W, Veliz PT, Smith EML, Chen W, Reddy RM, Larson JL. Comparison of Pre-Diagnosis Physical Activity and Its Correlates between Lung and Other Cancer Patients: Accelerometer Data from the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1001. [PMID: 36673757 PMCID: PMC9859178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in health outcomes for people with cancer, and pre-diagnosis PA influences PA behaviors after cancer treatment. Less is known about the PA of lung cancer patients, and the strong history of smoking could influence pre-diagnosis levels of PA and place them at risk for health problems. This study aimed to compare pre-diagnosis PA and its correlates in patients with lung cancer and other types of cancer (female breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer) and examine the relationship between pre-diagnosis PA and all-cause mortality. Methods: This study used data from the UK Biobank, which is a national cohort study with accelerometry data. We included 2662 participants and used adjusted linear regressions and survival analyses. Results: Male and female lung cancer groups spent a mean of 78 and 91 min/day in pre-diagnosis moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), respectively; this is lower than the 3 other types of cancer (p < 0.001). Younger age and faster walking pace had a strong association with PA in all the four types of cancer (p < 0.01). Smoking status had a strong association with PA in the lung cancer group, while obesity had a strong association with PA in female breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer (p < 0.01). Higher levels of pre-diagnosis MVPA (≥1.5 h/day) were associated with a significantly lower all-cause mortality risk. Conclusions: The present study suggests that lung cancer patients are the most inactive population before diagnosis. The identified difference in correlates of PA suggest that cancer-specific approaches are needed in PA research and practices. This study also highlights the importance of high PA for individuals with high cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiao Zhou
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Philip T. Veliz
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Weiyun Chen
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rishindra M. Reddy
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Janet L. Larson
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Mendham AE, Goedecke JH, Kufe NC, Soboyisi M, Smith A, Westgate K, Brage S, Micklesfield LK. Physical Behaviors and Their Association With Adiposity in Men and Women From a Low-Resourced African Setting. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:548-557. [PMID: 35894904 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We first explored the associations between physical behaviors and total and regional adiposity. Second, we examined how reallocating time in different physical behaviors was associated with total body fat mass in men and women from a low-income South African setting. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a sample of 692 participants (384 men and 308 women) aged 41-72 years. Physical behaviors were measured using integrated hip and thigh accelerometry to estimate total movement volume and time spent in sleeping, sitting/lying, standing, light physical activity, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Total body fat mass and regional adiposity were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The associations between total movement volume and measures of regional obesity were mediated by total body adiposity. In men, reallocating 30 minutes of sitting/lying to 30 minutes of MVPA was associated with 1.0% lower fat mass. In women, reallocation of 30 minutes of sitting/lying to MVPA and 30 minutes of standing to MVPA were associated with a 0.3% and 1.4% lower fat mass, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although the association between physical behaviors and fat mass differed between men and women, the overall public health message is similar; reallocating sedentary time to MVPA is associated with a reduction in fat mass in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Mendham
- South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,South Africa
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town,South Africa
| | - Julia H Goedecke
- South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,South Africa
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town,South Africa
| | - Nyuyki Clement Kufe
- South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,South Africa
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - Melikhaya Soboyisi
- South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - Antonia Smith
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Kate Westgate
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Lisa K Micklesfield
- South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,South Africa
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11
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Ishihara Y, Ozaki H, Nakagata T, Yoshihara T, Natsume T, Kitada T, Ishibashi M, Deng P, Yamada Y, Kobayashi H, Machida S, Naito H. Association between Daily Physical Activity and Locomotive Syndrome in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:8164. [PMID: 35805823 PMCID: PMC9265950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between locomotive syndrome (LS) and daily physical activity (PA) in community-dwelling older adults. This cross-sectional study included 80 healthy Japanese older adults (40 men and 40 women; age: 60-79 years). Habitual daily PA was evaluated using a triaxial wrist accelerometer. Participants were divided into two groups based on the results of the two-step test, stand-up test, and 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale. Binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the statistical relationships between daily PA and category of LS, adjusting for age from adjusted odds ratio (adjusted OR) with the 95 percent confidence intervals (95%CI) and bootstrap 95%CI. The mean step count and time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were significantly higher among non-LS participants than among LS participants in women, but not in men. Logistic regression analyses indicated that spending longer than 28 min/day on MVPA was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of LS relative to short time category under 28 min/day in women (adjusted OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.02-0.59, bootstrap 95%CI = 0.01-0.43), but not in men. This study suggests that in community-dwelling older women, those with higher MVPA had lower odds of LS, and daily MVPA was associated with LS, but not in men. Therefore, the associations between LS and daily physical activity were partly dependent on sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Ishihara
- School of Science and Technology for Future Life, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan;
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Hayao Ozaki
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- School of Sport and Health Science, Tokai Gakuen University, Miyoshi 470-0207, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Toshiharu Natsume
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1193, Japan;
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Faculty of Business Administration, Seijoh University, Miyoshi 476-8588, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | | | - Pengyu Deng
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Yasuyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Faculty of Health Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (H.O.); (T.N.); (T.Y.); (P.D.); (Y.Y.); (H.K.); (H.N.)
- COI Project Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
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12
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Ries D, Carriquiry A. Assessing adult physical activity and compliance with 2008 CDC guidelines using a Bayesian two-part measurement error model. J Appl Stat 2022; 50:2777-2795. [PMID: 37720243 PMCID: PMC10503455 DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2022.2088706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
While there is wide agreement that physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle, it is unclear how many people adhere to public health recommendations on physical activity. The Physical Activity Guidelines (PAG), published by the CDC, provides guidelines to American adults, but it is difficult to assess compliance with these guidelines. The PAG further complicates adherence assessment by recommending activity to occur in at least 10 min bouts. To better understand the measurement capabilities of various instruments to quantify activity, and to propose an approach to evaluate activity relative to the PAG, researchers at Iowa State University administered the Physical Activity Measurement Survey (PAMS) to over 1000 participants in four different Iowa counties. In this paper, we develop a two-part Bayesian measurement error model and apply it to the PAMS data in order to assess compliance with the PAG in the Iowa adult population. The model accurately accounts for the 10 min bout requirement put forth in the PAG. The measurement error model corrects biased estimates and accounts for day-to-day variation in activity. The model is also applied to the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ries
- Statistics and Data Analytics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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13
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Ries D, Carriquiry A. The relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity and metabolic syndrome: a Bayesian measurement error approach. J Appl Stat 2022; 50:2246-2266. [PMID: 37434631 PMCID: PMC10332242 DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2022.2073336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a serious condition that can be an early warning sign of heart disease and Type 2 diabetes. MetS is characterized by having elevated levels of blood pressure, cholesterol, waist circumference, and fasting glucose. There are many articles in the literature exploring the relationship between physical activity and MetS, but most do not consider the measurement error in the physical activity measurements nor the correlations among the MetS risk factors. Furthermore, previous work has generally treated MetS as binary, rather than directly modeling the risk factors on their measured, continuous space. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we explore the relationship between minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and MetS risk factors. We construct a measurement error model for the accelerometry data, and then model its relationship between MetS risk factors with nonlinear seemingly unrelated regressions, incorporating dependence among MetS risk factors. The novel features of this model give the medical research community a new way to understand relationships between MVPA and MetS. The results of this approach present the field with a different modeling perspective than previously taken and suggest future avenues of scientific discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ries
- Statistics and Data Analytics Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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14
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Zhang T, Li H, Li C, Zhang L, Zhang Z. The Compositional Impacts of 2 Distinct 24-Hour Movement Behavior Change Patterns on Physical Fitness in Chinese Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2022;:1-8. [PMID: 35279016 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to examine predicted differences of 2 different behavior change patterns on physical fitness (PF). METHODS Participants were 241 students (51% girls) aged 11-14 years from China. Light physical activity, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) were objectively measured. Sleep was obtained by subtracting from awake time. According to Chinese National student PF standards, 5 components of PF, including body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, speed, muscular explosive power and strength endurance, and flexibility, were assessed. The effects of different time reallocations between 24-hour movement behaviors on PF were estimated based on adjusted compositional multiple linear regression models with isometric log ratios. RESULTS Compared with MVPA substituting for the remaining behaviors, MVPA replacing SB or light physical activity produced more favorable changes on the comprehensive PF score, cardiorespiratory fitness, explosive power, and speed. MVPA replacing 30 minutes of SB was associated with favorable changes in PF (+1.9 [0.53, 3.18] points), 50-m run (-0.17 [-0.31, -0.04] s), long-distance running (-5.54 s [for girls]/7.25 s [for boys]), and long jump (+0.05 [0.01, 0.09] m). When sleep replaced SB, PF improved. CONCLUSIONS MVPA substituting SB or light physical activity is a strategy with a greater improvement in PF.
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15
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Le Roux E, De Jong NP, Blanc S, Simon C, Bessesen DH, Bergouignan A. Physiology of physical inactivity, sedentary behaviours and non-exercise activity: insights from the space bedrest model. J Physiol 2022; 600:1037-1051. [PMID: 33501660 PMCID: PMC10895929 DOI: 10.1113/jp281064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity, i.e. not reaching the recommended level of physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviours (SB), i.e. sitting time, have been associated with increased risk for common metabolic diseases. Recent epidemiological data suggest that high volumes of SB are detrimental to metabolic health, even in the presence of regular exercise, i.e. moderate/vigorous PA. This suggests that the health effects of SB are independent from those of exercise. However, experimentally testing this hypothesis is complicated because of the difficulty in disassociating SB from PA. Bedrest studies, a traditional space science model, can offer new insights. In some bedrest studies, an exercise training protocol has been used to counteract the harmful effects of inactivity. While bedrest induces an inactive and sedentary state, exercise with bedrest represents a unique model of sedentary yet physically active people. Here, we review bedrest studies with and without exercise training. Although exercise training prevents the loss of muscle mass and function, even large volumes of exercise are not sufficient to fully counteract the negative metabolic adaptations triggered by inactivity. This observation supports the existence of independent adverse health effects of SB, but also the potential benefits of non-exercise activity, i.e. daily living light PA. We gathered available data to examine the complex relationships between exercise, non-exercise activity, SB and health outcomes. Given the large amount of SB in modern societies, the sole promotion of exercise, i.e. moderate/vigorous PA may be insufficient, and promotion of light PA may be a complimentary approach to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Le Roux
- CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathan P De Jong
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health & Wellness Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRA 1397, University of Lyon, Oullins, France
- Human Nutrition Research Centre of Rhône-Alpes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel H Bessesen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health & Wellness Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health & Wellness Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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16
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Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Aguilar-Gómez FJ, Bueno-Lozano G, Anguita-Ruiz A, Rupérez AI, Vázquez-Cobela R, Flores-Rojas K, Aguilera CM, Moreno LA, Gil Á, Leis R, Gil-Campos M. Impact of Physical Activity Intensity Levels on the Cardiometabolic Risk Status of Children: The Genobox Study. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2021;:1-9. [PMID: 34853181 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has been related to metabolic syndrome and low-grade chronic inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity intensities and practice on inflammation, endothelial damage, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. There were 513 participants, aged 6-14 years, recruited for the study. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and the children were classified into four groups according to quartiles of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) practice as very low active, low active, moderate active, and high active. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and plasma metabolic and proinflammatory parameters were analyzed. Very low active group presented a worse lipid profile and higher insulin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, matrix metallopeptidase-9, and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, while lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Type 1 macrophages, and interleukin 8 than high-active children. Regression analyses showed that a higher MVPA practice was associated with lower levels of triacylglycerols (β: -0.118; p = .008), resistin (β: -0.151; p = .005), tPAI (β: -0.105; p = .046), and P-selectin (β: -0.160; p = .006), independently of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). In contrast, a higher BMI was associated with higher levels of insulin (β: 0.370; p < .001), Homeostasis Model Assessment (β: 0.352; p < .001), triacylglycerols (β: 0.209; p < .001), leptin (β: 0.654; p < .001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (β: 0.182; p < .001), Type 1macrophages (β: 0.181; p < .001), and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (β: 0.240; p < .001), independently of sex, age, and MVPA. A better anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory profile was detected in the most active children; however, these differences were partly due to BMI. These results suggest that a higher MVPA practice and a lower BMI in children may lead to a better cardiometabolic status.
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Ning K, Chen ST, Chi X, Liang K. Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Chinese Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Repeated-Measure Study throughout One Year. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111404. [PMID: 34828456 PMCID: PMC8624476 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Though we know physical activity (PA) decreased while sedentary behavior (SB) increased compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about subsequent changes in PA and SB throughout one year in the post-pandemic era. This study aimed to examine the changes in PA and SB in a sample of Chinese young adults using a four-wave repeated-measure design during the pandemic. A total of 411 participants provided self-reported data of sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., sex, age), PA, and SB. Nonparametric tests and generalized estimating equations were conducted. Results revealed significant changes in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and SB. The MVPA of Wave 1, 2, and 3 was significantly less than that of Wave 4 (p < 0.001); the LPA of Wave 1 and 2 was significantly less than that of Wave 4; the SB of Wave 1 was significantly more than that of Wave 4 (p < 0.05). Being female was the only predictor of changes in MVPA (Beta = −0.311, p< 0.001). Being female (Beta = 0.115, p = 0.003) and perceived family affluence (Beta = −0.059, p< 0.001) were predictors of changes in SB. As such, PA was less, while SB was more during the early stages of the pandemic. With the progress of the pandemic stages, health behaviors in young adults have been gradually improved. Sex and perceived family affluence were two important factors in predicting health behaviors. Our results can inform efficient policies or interventions in the COVID-19 era and future similar public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ning
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Kaixin Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (X.C.); (K.L.)
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Nyberg G, Ekblom Ö, Kjellenberg K, Wang R, Larsson H, Thedin Jakobsson B, Helgadóttir B. Associations between the School Environment and Physical Activity Pattern during School Time in Swedish Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10239. [PMID: 34639539 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about associations between school-based initiatives and physical activity patterns is limited. The purpose of this paper was to examine associations between factors in the school environment, physical activity and sedentary time during school time. The cross-sectional study included 1139 adolescents aged 13–14 from 34 schools. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured using hip-worn accelerometers. Factors in the school environment included health policy, a mobile phone ban during breaks, organized physical activities during breaks and activity breaks during lessons reported by teachers. The frequency and duration of breaks and physical education (PE) lessons were collected from school schedules. The results showed significant associations between health policy (β = 3.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37, 5.23), the mobile phone ban (β = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.94) and PE; total duration (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.11), average duration (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13) and frequency (β = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.50, 3.04) and moderate-vigorous physical activity. There were negative associations between health policy (β = −6.41, 95% CI: −10.24, −2.67), the mobile phone ban (β = −3.75, 95% CI: −7.25, −0.77) and PE; total duration (β = −0.15, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.08) and average duration (β = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.03) and time spent sedentary. Adolescents attending schools with health policies, mobile phone bans and more time for PE showed higher levels of physical activity and lower sedentary time.
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Haas P, Yang CH, Dunton GF. Associations Between Physical Activity Enjoyment and Age-Related Decline in Physical Activity in Children-Results From a Longitudinal Within-Person Study. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2021; 43:205-214. [PMID: 33811189 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity declines from childhood to adolescence. Affective factors may partially account for this decline. The present study investigated whether within-person changes in children's enjoyment of physical activity are associated with the age-related decline in physical activity. Children (N = 169, 54% female, 56% Hispanic; 8-12 years old at enrollment) took part in a longitudinal study with six assessment waves across 3 years. At each wave, enjoyment of physical activity was reported, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was measured with an accelerometer across seven consecutive days. MVPA and enjoyment of physical activity both declined across waves. Multilevel analyses revealed that within-person changes in enjoyment moderated the effects of age on within-person changes in MVPA. Enjoyment appeared to be a dynamic factor that buffered against the age-related decline in physical activity in youth. These findings call for health promotion interventions that encourage enjoyable physical activities.
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Hartwig TB, Sanders T, Vasconcellos D, Noetel M, Parker PD, Lubans DR, Andrade S, Ávila-García M, Bartholomew J, Belton S, Brooks NE, Bugge A, Cavero-Redondo I, Christiansen LB, Cohen K, Coppinger T, Dyrstad S, Errisuriz V, Fairclough S, Gorely T, Javier Huertas-Delgado F, Issartel J, Kriemler S, Kvalø SE, Marques-Vidal P, Martinez-Vizcaino V, Møller NC, Moran C, Morris J, Nevill M, Ochoa-Avilés A, O'Leary M, Peralta L, Pfeiffer KA, Puder J, Redondo-Tébar A, Robbins LB, Sanchez-Lopez M, Tarp J, Taylor S, Tercedor P, Toftager M, Villa-González E, Wedderkopp N, Weston KL, Yin Z, Zhixiong Z, Lonsdale C, Del Pozo Cruz B. School-based interventions modestly increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness but are least effective for youth who need them most: an individual participant pooled analysis of 20 controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55:bjsports-2020-102740. [PMID: 33441332 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if subpopulations of students benefit equally from school-based physical activity interventions in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. To examine if physical activity intensity mediates improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness. DESIGN Pooled analysis of individual participant data from controlled trials that assessed the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and device-measured physical activity. PARTICIPANTS Data for 6621 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years from 20 trials were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peak oxygen consumption (VO2Peak mL/kg/min) and minutes of moderate and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Interventions modestly improved students' cardiorespiratory fitness by 0.47 mL/kg/min (95% CI 0.33 to 0.61), but the effects were not distributed equally across subpopulations. Girls and older students benefited less than boys and younger students, respectively. Students with lower levels of initial fitness, and those with higher levels of baseline physical activity benefitted more than those who were initially fitter and less active, respectively. Interventions had a modest positive effect on physical activity with approximately one additional minute per day of both moderate and vigorous physical activity. Changes in vigorous, but not moderate intensity, physical activity explained a small amount (~5%) of the intervention effect on cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions should include targeted strategies to address the needs of girls and older students. Interventions may also be improved by promoting more vigorous intensity physical activity. Interventions could mitigate declining youth cardiorespiratory fitness, increase physical activity and promote cardiovascular health if they can be delivered equitably and their effects sustained at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Bryan Hartwig
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Taren Sanders
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diego Vasconcellos
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Noetel
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip D Parker
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Revalds Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susana Andrade
- Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Education Sciences, University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Ávila-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - John Bartholomew
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi E Brooks
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Anna Bugge
- Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristen Cohen
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle Faculty of Science, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sindre Dyrstad
- Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Vanessa Errisuriz
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Stuart Fairclough
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK
| | - Trish Gorely
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the Highlands and Islands Inverness College, Inverness, Highland, UK
| | | | - Johann Issartel
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zürich, Zurich, ZH, Switzerland
| | | | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Niels Christian Møller
- Department of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Colin Moran
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - John Morris
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Mary Nevill
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Angélica Ochoa-Avilés
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Mai O'Leary
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Louisa Peralta
- Sydney School of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney - Camperdown and Darlington Campus, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jardena Puder
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrés Redondo-Tébar
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Lorraine B Robbins
- Nursing Education and Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Mairena Sanchez-Lopez
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Jakob Tarp
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School ofSports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport andExercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pablo Tercedor
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Mette Toftager
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Niels Wedderkopp
- Orthopedic Department, Hospital Of Southwestern Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Kathryn Louise Weston
- School of Applied Sciences Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zhou Zhixiong
- Institute for Sport Performance and Health Promotion, Capital University of Sports and Physical Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Meijer A, Königs M, van der Fels IMJ, Visscher C, Bosker RJ, Hartman E, Oosterlaan J. The Effects of Aerobic Versus Cognitively Demanding Exercise Interventions on Executive Functioning in School-Aged Children: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2020; 43:1-13. [PMID: 33271498 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The authors performed a clustered randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of an aerobic and a cognitively demanding exercise intervention on executive functions in primary-school-age children compared with the regular physical education program (N = 856). They hypothesized that both exercise interventions would facilitate executive functioning, with stronger effects for the cognitively demanding exercise group. The interventions were provided four times per week for 14 weeks. Linear mixed models were conducted on posttest neurocognitive function measures with baseline level as covariate. No differences were found between the exercise interventions and the control group for any of the measures. Independently of group, dose of moderate to vigorous physical activity was positively related to verbal working memory and attention abilities. This study showed that physical exercise interventions did not enhance executive functioning in children. Exposure to moderate to vigorous physical activity is a crucial aspect of the relationship between physical activity and executive functioning.
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Masini A, Lanari M, Marini S, Tessari A, Toselli S, Stagni R, Bisi MC, Bragonzoni L, Gori D, Sansavini A, Ceciliani A, Dallolio L. A Multiple Targeted Research Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Trial in Primary School Children Based on an Active Break Intervention: The Imola Active Breaks (I-MOVE) Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17176123. [PMID: 32842483 PMCID: PMC7503895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents should perform, according to the World Health Organization guidelines, at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per-day in order to avoid the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The school represents a fundamental setting to conduct interventions to promote physical activity (PA) and contrast sedentary behaviors. Active breaks (ABs), bouts of 10 min of PA conducted inside the classroom, seem to be a good strategy to promote PA and improve classroom behavior. The aim of this study protocol is to describe the design and the assessment of the Imola Active Breaks I-MOVE study. METHODS The I-MOVE study is a school-based intervention trial, with a quasi-experimental design, performed in a primary school. It involves one experimental-group performing the intervention, focused on ABs, and one control-group. Nine main outcomes are evaluated: PA and sedentary behaviors; health related fitness; motor control development; dietary patterns; anthropometric evaluation; sociodemographic determinants; cognitive function; time-on-task behavior and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Results from the I-MOVE study will help to clarify the effects of incorporating ABs in the Italian school curriculum as a new public health strategy and an innovative school model oriented to the well-being of children and teachers for the best quality of school life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Marcello Lanari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-4812
| | - Alessia Tessari
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Rita Stagni
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Maria Cristina Bisi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Laura Bragonzoni
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Alessandra Sansavini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Ceciliani
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
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Di Sebastiano KM, Chulak-Bozzer T, Vanderloo LM, Faulkner G. Don't Walk So Close to Me: Physical Distancing and Adult Physical Activity in Canada. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1895. [PMID: 32849110 PMCID: PMC7396577 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, physical distancing measures have been implemented globally. Canadians have been instructed to stay at home, which has likely resulted in significant changes in their physical activity. Using data from a national physical activity tracking app (PAC app), we aimed to determine device-measured physical activity levels immediately prior to and following the implementation of physical distancing measures in Canada to provide evidence for the development of physical activity recommendations for future pandemics or second wave infections. Methods: Demographic and physical activity data were extracted from the ParticipACTION app (PAC app), using a 10-week (10 February to 19 April 2020) quasi-experimental design to determine changes in physical activity 4 weeks pre-pandemic and 6 weeks post-pandemic declaration. Weekly physical activity levels were monitored through wearable fitness trackers and health apps linked to the PAC app, to record moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), and steps. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to determine changes over time (mean ± SE). Findings: A total of 2,338 Canadians who were mostly 35–44 years old (26.6%) and female (90.2%) were included in the analysis. MVPA, LPA, and steps significantly declined immediately following the declaration of the pandemic (MVPA: pre-pandemic: 194.2 ± 5.2 min, post-pandemic: 176.7 ± 5.0 min, p < 0.001; LPA: pre-pandemic: 1,000.5 ± 17.0 min, post-pandemic: 874.1 ± 15.6 min, p < 0.001; steps: pre-pandemic: 48,625 ± 745 steps, post-pandemic: 43,395 ± 705 steps, p < 0.001). However, 6 weeks following pandemic declaration, MVPA (week 6: 204.4 ± 5.4 min, p = 0.498) had returned to pre-pandemic levels. LPA (week 6: 732.0 ± 14.3 min, p = < 0.001) and steps (week 6: 41,946 ± 763, p < 0.001) remained significantly lower than pre-pandemic levels at week 6. Interpretation: Although MVPA returned to pre-pandemic levels, significant and sustained declines in incidental LPA and steps were observed. Attenuating the loss of incidental physical activity should be a public health priority in response to future pandemics or a second wave of a COVID-19 infection, as it may have significant long-term implications for the physical and mental health of Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Di Sebastiano
- Population and Physical Activity Lab, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Child Health Evaluation Service, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- Population and Physical Activity Lab, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Masini A, Marini S, Leoni E, Lorusso G, Toselli S, Tessari A, Ceciliani A, Dallolio L. Active Breaks: A Pilot and Feasibility Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Physical Activity Levels in a School Based Intervention in an Italian Primary School. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17124351. [PMID: 32560544 PMCID: PMC7345227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: The school gives access to children, regardless of age, ethnicity, gender and socio-economic class and can be identified as the key environment in which to promote children’s physical activity (PA). The guidelines of the European Union recommend accumulating at least 10-min bouts of PA to reach the daily 60 min. Active breaks (ABs) led by teachers inside the classroom represent a good strategy to promote PA. The aim of this pilot and feasibility study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness in terms of PA level of an AB programme in children aged 8–9 years attending primary school. Methods: A pre-post quasi-experimental pilot and feasibility study was performed in two primary school classes, one of which was assigned to a 14-week AB intervention (AB group) and the other to the control group (CG). At baseline and at follow-up, children were monitored for sedentary and motor activity during an entire week using ActiGraph Accelerometer (ActiLife6 wGT3X-BT). The satisfaction of children and teachers was assessed by self-administered questionnaires. Results: In the pre-post comparison, AB group (n = 16) showed a reduction in the minutes spent in weekly sedentary activity (−168.7 min, p > 0.05), an increase in the number of step counts (+14,026.9, p < 0.05) and in time spent in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA): weekly MVPA: +64.4 min, daily MVPA: +8.05 min, percentage of MVPA: +0.70%. On the contrary, CG showed a worsening in all variables. ANCOVA analysis, after adjusting for baseline values, showed significant differences between the AB group and CG for time spent in MVPA, percentage of MVPA and step counts. The satisfaction of children and teachers was good. Teachers were able to adapt the AB protocol to the needs of the school curriculum, thus confirming the feasibility of the AB programme. Conclusions: This pilot and feasibility study showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the AB protocol and represented the basis for a future controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (E.L.); (G.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, Rimini Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-05-1209-4812
| | - Erica Leoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (E.L.); (G.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Giovanni Lorusso
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (E.L.); (G.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna Via Selmi, 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessia Tessari
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna Viale Berti Pichat, 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ceciliani
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, Rimini Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (E.L.); (G.L.); (L.D.)
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Rebesco DB, França SN, de Lima VA, Leite N, Smouter L, de Souza WC, Komatsu WR, Mascarenhas LPG. Different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity and change in glycemic variability in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: is there dose-response relationship? Arch Endocrinol Metab 2020; 64:312-318. [PMID: 32555999 PMCID: PMC10522219 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the level of physical activity and glycemic variability of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to compare glycemic variability on days with different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 34 subjects aged 10 to 15 years, 18 (52.94%) female; age: 13.04 ± 1.94; HbA1c: 9.76 ± 1.51. Physical activity was measured by wGT3X accelerometer. The glucose data were obtained using continuous glucose monitoring, and the following glycemic variability measures were calculated: standard deviation (SD), low blood glucose index (LBGI), high blood glucose index (HBGI), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), glycemic risk assessment in diabetes equation (GRADE) and coefficient of variation (CV). The most and least active days (the days with greater and lesser time dedicated to physical activities of moderate to vigorous intensity, respectively) were identified. In addition, based on the whole period of accelerometer use, daily means of time spent in MVPA were identified among participants, who were then divided into three groups: up to 100 minutes; from 101 to 200 minutes and above 201 minutes. Then, the measures of glycemic variability were compared among the most and least active days and among the groups too. RESULTS The amount of MVPA was significantly different between the days evaluated (237.49 ± 93.29 vs. 125.21 ± 58.10 minutes), but glycemic variability measures did not present a significant difference. CONCLUSION Despite the significant differences in the amount of MVPA between the two days evaluated, the glycemic variability did not change significantly. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):312-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Barth Rebesco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento ComunitárioDepartamento de Educação FísicaUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteIratiPRBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento Comunitário. Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Unicentro), Irati, PR, Brasil
| | - Suzana Nesi França
- Unidade de Endocrinologia PediátricaDepartamento de PediatriaUniversidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaPRBrasilUnidade de Endocrinologia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Valderi Abreu de Lima
- Departamento de Educação FísicaUniversidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaPRBrasilDepartamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Neiva Leite
- Departamento de Educação FísicaUniversidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaPRBrasilDepartamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Leandro Smouter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento ComunitárioDepartamento de Educação FísicaUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteIratiPRBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento Comunitário. Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Unicentro), Irati, PR, Brasil
| | - William Cordeiro de Souza
- Prefeitura Municipal de Três BarrasTrês BarrasSCBrasilPrefeitura Municipal de Três Barras, Três Barras, SC, Brasil
| | - William Ricardo Komatsu
- Divisão de EndocrinologiaDepartamento de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasilDivisão de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento ComunitárioDepartamento de Educação FísicaUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteIratiPRBrasilPrograma de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Desenvolvimento Comunitário. Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Unicentro), Irati, PR, Brasil
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Tsuda E, Goodway JD, Famelia R, Brian A. Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skill Competence, Perceived Physical Competence and Free-Play Physical Activity in Children. Res Q Exerc Sport 2020; 91:55-63. [PMID: 31469346 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1646851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study examined the extent to which fundamental motor skill competence (FMSC; locomotor and object control skill competence) and perceived physical competence (PPC) predicted physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors during free-play time at preschool. Method: A total of 72 children (girls n = 33, boys n = 39; Mage = 4.38, SD = .85 years) were recruited from two preschools. Fundamental motor skill competence was measured using the Test of Gross Motor Development - 2nd edition, and PPC was assessed using the physical competence subscale of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Results: Children engaged in light physical activity 19.66%, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) 36.41%, and sedentary behaviors 43.94% of their free-play time. Since no correlation was observed in light physical activity with any variables, a hierarchical multiple linear regression was run for MVPA and sedentary behaviors. The results illustrated 38.9% of the variance in MVPA during free-play time was predicted by FMSC and PPC, after controlling for age and sex, with locomotor skill competence as a significant predictor (t= 2.98, p < .05). For sedentary behaviors, the 32.9% of the variance during free-play time was predicted by FMSC and PPC, after controlling age and sex, with locomotor skill competence as a significant predictor (t = 2.72, p < .05). Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of developing FMSC and positive PPC during early childhood to enhance physical activity engagement during free-play.
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Lee J, Zhang T, Chu TLA, Gu X, Zhu P. Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children's Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E733. [PMID: 31979255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Globally, more than half of school-aged children do not engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Given that developing sufficient fundamental motor skills (FMS) competence during early elementary school years is important for a child’s physical and cognitive development, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week FMS-based afterschool program on physical and cognitive health outcomes among elementary children. Participants were 31 K–2 students (19 girls, 12 boys; Mage = 6.65 ± 0.98) from three public elementary schools in the southwestern United States who were assigned to the intervention group (FMS-based afterschool program; n = 20) or the control group (traditional afterschool program; n = 11). A 2 × 2 repeated measures MANOVA showed significant changes in FMS competence and MVPA between the intervention and the control group over time. However, no significant changes were found in cognitive functioning. The 8-week FMS-based afterschool program showed significant improvements in FMS competence and MVPA, compared to a traditional afterschool program. This finding suggests that structured FMS-focused strategies (e.g., fun games and goal setting) can be a critical component when implementing a physical activity program to enhance children’s motor skills and physical activity behavior.
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Zhang P, Lee JE, Stodden DF, Gao Z. Longitudinal Trajectories of Children's Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors on Weekdays and Weekends. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:1123-8. [PMID: 31593924 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective was to examine changes of children's time spent in sedentary, light physical activity, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and estimated energy expenditure (EE) rates during weekdays and weekends across 3 years. METHODS An initial sample of 261 children's (mean age = 7.81 y) 5-day physical activity and EE were assessed annually via accelerometry across 3 years using repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance. The outcome variables were time spent in sedentary, light physical activity, MVPA, and kilocalories per day for weekdays and weekends. RESULTS A significant decrease in MVPA and EE occurred during weekdays across the 3 years (P = .01). Only the second-year data demonstrated an increase (+2.49 min) in weekend MVPA (P = .04). Children's sedentary time during weekdays increased significantly in years 1 and 2 (P = .01), yet significantly decreased in the third year (-44.31 min). Children's sedentary time during weekends significantly decreased in the first year (-27.31 min), but increased in the following 2 years (P = .01). Children's light physical activity demonstrated a statistically significant increase in year 2 (+3.75 min) during weekdays (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS Children's MVPA and EE generally declined during weekdays but were maintained during weekends across a 3-year time span. Children may benefit most from weekday intervention strategies.
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Scotto di Luzio S, Isoard-Gautheur S, Ginoux C, Sarrazin P. Exploring the relationship between sense of community and vigor in workplace community: The role of needs satisfaction and physical activity. J Community Psychol 2019; 47:1419-1432. [PMID: 31045255 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to increase understanding of well-being in workplace community by examining a moderated mediated model including the test of the mediating effect of needs satisfaction, and the moderating effect of physical activity on the sense of community-vigor relationship, in a longitudinal perspective. The sample was composed of 95 workers (63.6% females) who completed an online survey three times during a 4-month period. Results showed that the indirect effect of sense of community on vigor 4 months later, through satisfaction of need for relatedness, is significant among employees who practice a high level of moderate to vigorous physical activity. The findings suggest that (a) sense of community-conceived as a job resource-is responsible for needs satisfaction and may be considered an important component of the vigor process, and (b) that positive effects of physical activity can enhance employees' resource gains and recovery, favoring the experience of vigor in workplace community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clément Ginoux
- Laboratoire SENS, Sport et ENvironnement Social, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Philippe Sarrazin
- Laboratoire SENS, Sport et ENvironnement Social, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
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Kuenze C, Cadmus-Bertram L, Pfieffer K, Trigsted S, Cook D, Lisee C, Bell D. Relationship Between Physical Activity and Clinical Outcomes After ACL Reconstruction. J Sport Rehabil 2019; 28:180-7. [PMID: 29140161 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Reductions in objectively measured moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) have been reported among individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Self-reported measures of physical activity are commonly used to assess participation in physical activity after ACLR despite the lack of evidence to support the validity of such measures within this population. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to determine the relationships between objectively measured MVPA, self-reported physical activity, and knee function among individuals with ACLR. SETTING University laboratory. Patients (or Other Participants): Thirty-one participants with a history of ACLR (sex: 23 females and 8 males; age = 19.8 [1.4] y) and 31 matched controls (sex: 23 females and 8 males; age = 20.6 [1.7] y) enrolled in this study. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed self-reported physical activity using the Tegner Activity Scale and the Marx Activity Rating Scale. Participant MVPA was objectively measured using an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer for a 7-day period during which the monitor was worn for not less than 10 hours per day. Primary outcome measures were the amount of time spent in MVPA (minutes per week) and time spent in MVPA performed in bouts of ≥10 minutes (minutes per week). Relationships between the Tegner Activity Score, Marx Activity Rating Scale, and objectively measured MVPA variables were assessed using partial Spearman's rank correlation coefficients after controlling for activity monitor wear time. RESULTS There were no significant relationships between objectively measured MVPA and self-reported physical activity (ρ ≤ 0.31, P ≥ .05) or self-reported knee-related function (ρ ≤ .41, P ≥ .05) among ACLR participants. CONCLUSIONS Objectively measured physical activity is not significantly related to self-reported physical activity or self-reported knee function among individuals with a history of ACLR. Consideration of objective and self-reported physical activity within this population may provide key insights into disconnects between perception and the reality of physical activity engagement following ACLR.
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Zhou Z, Dong S, Yin J, Fu Q, Ren H, Yin Z. Improving Physical Fitness and Cognitive Functions in Middle School Students: Study Protocol for the Chinese Childhood Health, Activity and Motor Performance Study (Chinese CHAMPS). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E976. [PMID: 29757933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sedentary lifestyles and their associated harmful consequences are public health concerns that impact more than half of the world’s youth population in both developed and developing countries. Methods: The Chinese Childhood Health; Activity and Motor Performance Study (Chinese CHAMPS) was a cluster randomized controlled trial to modify school physical activity policies and the physical education (PE) curriculum; using teacher training and parent engagement to increase opportunities and support students’ physical activity and healthy eating. Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, the study tested the incremental effects of increasing the amount and intensity of physical activity, alongside adding support for healthy eating, on health-related and cognitive function outcomes in Chinese middle school students. Results: The intervention was implemented by PE teachers in 12 middle schools in three Chinese cities, with a targeted enrollment of 650 students from August 2015–June 2016. The assessment of the outcomes involved a test battery of physical fitness and cognitive functioning at both baseline and at the end of the intervention. Process information on implementation was also collected. Discussion: The Chinese CHAMPS is a multi-level intervention that is designed to test the influences of policy and environmental modifications on the physical activity and eating behaviors of middle school students. It also addresses some key weaknesses in school-based physical activity interventions.
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Remmel L, Tillmann V, Mengel E, Kool P, Purge P, Lätt E, Jürimäe J. The Impact of Physical Activity on Serum Inflammatory Markers in Overweight Pubertal Boys: 24-Month Follow-Up Study. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2018; 30:198-207. [PMID: 29276854 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2016-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the differences in the pattern of changes in serum inflammatory cytokines measured annually over a 24-month period, between less active and more active overweight boys. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS In total, 25 pubertal overweight boys were divided by their moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels into 2 groups: less active group (LAG; n = 10; MVPA < 60 min/d) and more active group (MAG; n = 15; MVPA > 60 min/d). Physical activity was measured by 7-day accelerometry. Serum concentration of 13 inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α, IL-1β, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, epidermal growth factor, and C-reactive protein] was measured at baseline (T0), after 12 months (T1), and after 24 months (T2) from fasting blood samples. RESULTS Serum IL-6 level was significantly higher [LAG: 1.27 (0.86, 1.98) pg/mL; MAG: 0.80 (0.52, 0.84) pg/mL] at T0 and IL-8 level [LAG: 10.26 (8.80, 11.64) pg/mL; MAG: 7.42 (6.10, 9.54) pg/mL] at T2 in LAG compared with MAG. The changes over the study period varied between different inflammatory markers. None of the slopes of any measured markers were statistically different between the LAG and MAG, although the slopes of interferon-γ and IL-10 tended to be different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of changes over the study period varied between different inflammatory markers, but these changes were not different between the MVPA groups. More longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and interferon-γ would be the choice of inflammatory markers to study the associations between obesity and physical activity in future.
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Abstract
Youth sport participation plays an important role in promoting physical activity among children and may be a possible venue for the prevention of pediatric obesity. To design effective physical activity interventions, it is imperative to understand how different aspects of sport participation influence physical activity (PA). The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive review of the impact of youth sport participation on children's PA and obesity status. A total of 44 studies published up to January 2014 concerning youth sport participation, PA, and obesity status were identified. Inclusion criteria were studies comparing PA levels of sport participants to nonparticipants or those comparing PA levels in different sport types and settings. Studies with the outcome variables of obesity status (e.g., body mass index, fat percentage, waist circumference) were also included. Participation in youth sport was positively associated with children's PA levels, and youth participating in sports were more likely to persist in their PA. However, the relationship between youth sport participation and obesity status was inconclusive. Educators and sports professionals should find ways to involve children in various sports settings and policies and help obese children engage more in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Lee
- a School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota
| | - Zachary Pope
- a School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota
| | - Zan Gao
- a School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota
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Syväoja HJ, Kankaanpää A, Kallio J, Hakonen H, Kulmala J, Hillman CH, Pesonen AK, Tammelin TH. The Relation of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviors, and Academic Achievement Is Mediated by Fitness and Bedtime. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:135-43. [PMID: 28872392 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the associations of subjectively and objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior with academic achievement. We further examined whether aerobic fitness, obesity, and bedtime mediate these associations. METHODS This study included 970 children aged 9-15 years (52.3% girls) from 9 schools throughout Finland. Register-based academic achievement [grade point average (GPA)] as well as self-reported and accelerometer-measured PA/sedentary behavior were assessed during spring 2013. Aerobic fitness (assessed via a maximal shuttle run test), body composition (assessed via bioimpedance analysis), and self-reported bedtime were collected. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the associations. Standardized regression coefficients are presented. RESULTS Self-reported PA had a direct positive [β = 0.084; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.023 to 0.145] and an indirect positive association with GPA through higher aerobic fitness (β = 0.061; 95% CI, 0.033 to -0.087). Accelerometer-based PA was not associated with GPA. Self-reported screen time had an indirect negative association with GPA through later bedtime (β = -0.071; 95% CI, -0.096 to -0.035) and lower aerobic fitness (β = -0.039; 95% CI, -0.059 to 0.019). Nonscreen sedentary time had a direct positive (β = 0.193; 95% CI, 0.101 to -0.289) and an indirect negative association with GPA through lower aerobic fitness (β = -0.040; 95% CI, -0.063 to -0.016). CONCLUSIONS Participating in PA, avoiding excessive screen time, and going to bed earlier may benefit academic achievement.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a 12 week weight loss intervention within a commercial fitness centre on body weight, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), dietary intake, and behavioural regulations for exercise and healthy eating. Using a quasi-experimental design, the intervention group received weekly coaching sessions and bi-weekly seminars designed to increase MVPA and improve dietary intake. Outcome variables were assessed at three time points over a six month period. Results showed a significant interaction for body weight (p = .04) and dietary changes (p < .05) following the weight loss challenge but were not maintained across the six month period. Changes in behavioural regulations favoured the intervention condition. Results imply that a 12 week weight loss challenge within a commercial fitness centre may be effective at prompting short-term weight loss and support the internalization of behavioural regulations specific to healthy eating and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise T Blais
- a Department of Human Kinetics , Okanagan College , Kelowna , Canada
| | - Diane E Mack
- b Behavioural Health Sciences Research Lab, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , Brock University , St. Catharines , Canada
| | - Philip M Wilson
- b Behavioural Health Sciences Research Lab, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , Brock University , St. Catharines , Canada
| | - Chris M Blanchard
- c Department of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Research, QEII Health Sciences Centre , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Canada
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Katapally TR, Muhajarine N. Capturing the Interrelationship between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Children in the Context of Diverse Environmental Exposures. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 12:10995-1011. [PMID: 26371015 PMCID: PMC4586657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120910995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Even though physical activity and sedentary behaviour are two distinct behaviours, their interdependent relationship needs to be studied in the same environment. This study examines the influence of urban design, neighbourhood built and social environment, and household and individual factors on the interdependent relationship between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children in the Canadian city of Saskatoon. Saskatoon’s built environment was assessed by two validated observation tools. Neighbourhood socioeconomic variables were derived from 2006 Statistics Canada Census and 2010 G5 Census projections. A questionnaire was administered to 10–14 year old children to collect individual and household data, followed by accelerometry to collect physical activity and sedentary behaviour data. Multilevel logistic regression models were developed to understand the interrelationship between physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the context of diverse environmental exposures. A complex set of factors including denser built environment, positive peer relationships and consistent parental support influenced the interrelationship between physical activity and sedentary behaviour. In developing interventions to facilitate active living, it is not only imperative to delineate pathways through which diverse environmental exposures influence physical activity and sedentary behaviour, but also to account for the interrelationship between physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun R Katapally
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada.
- Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Regina, Regina S4S 7H1, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Nazeem Muhajarine
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada.
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan and University of Regina, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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España-Romero V, Mitchell JA, Dowda M, O'Neill JR, Pate RR. Objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity and markers of body fat in preschool children. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2013; 25:154-63. [PMID: 23406703 DOI: 10.1123/pes.25.1.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between sedentary behavior and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), measured by accelerometry, with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in 357 preschool children. Linear mixed models were used adjusting for race/ethnicity, parental education, and preschool. Follow-up analyses were performed using quantile regression. Among boys, MVPA was positively associated with BMI z-score (b = 0.080, p = .04) but not with waist circumference; quantile regression showed that MVPA was positively associated with BMI z-score at the 50th percentile (b = 0.097, p < .05). Among girls, no associations were observed between sedentary behavior and MVPA in relation to mean BMI z-score and mean waist circumference. Quantile regression indicated that, among girls at the 90th waist circumference percentile, a positive association was found with sedentary behavior (b = 0.441, p < .05), and a negative association was observed with MVPA (b = -0.599, p < .05); no associations were found with BMI z-score. In conclusion, MVPA was positively associated with BMI z-score among boys, and MVPA was negatively associated and sedentary behavior was positively associated with waist circumference among girls at the 90th percentile.
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