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Tang M, Zhong H, Lu X, Yang R, Lee CKW, Pan Y, Chen Y, Li MG. In situ Electrical Impedance Tomography for Visualizing Water Transportation in Hygroscopic Aerogels. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2402676. [PMID: 38742435 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The global water crisis demands immediate attention, and atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) provides a viable alternative. However, studying the real-time subtle relationship between water absorption, diffusion, and internal structure for hygroscopic materials is challenging. Herein, a dynamic visualization technique is proposed that utilizes an in situ electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system and a precise reconstruction algorithm to achieve real-time monitoring of the water sorption process within aerogels from an internal microstructural perspective. These results can be inferred that composites' pore sizes affecting the kinetics of their moisture absorption. In addition, the diffusion path of moisture absorption and the distribution of stored moisture inside aerogels exhibit intrinsic self-selective behavior, where the fiber skeleton of the aerogel plays a crucial role. In summary, this work proposes a generic EIT-based technique for the in situ and dynamic monitoring of the hygroscopic process, pointing to an entirely new approach regarding research on AWH materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tang
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Haosong Zhong
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Xupeng Lu
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Rongliang Yang
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Connie Kong Wai Lee
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Yexin Pan
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Mitch Guijun Li
- Center for Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
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2
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Hamrol A, Góralski B, Wichniarek R. The Influence of Moisture Absorption and Desorption by the ABS Filament on the Properties of Additively Manufactured Parts Using the Fused Deposition Modeling Method. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1988. [PMID: 38730795 PMCID: PMC11084188 DOI: 10.3390/ma17091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of research on the influence of the moisture content in a filament made of ABS polymer on the properties of products manufactured using FDM (fused deposition modeling). Tests were carried out on a standard printer, using the parameters recommended by the manufacturer and the literature on the subject. A special climatic chamber was used to condition the material. A negative impact of ABS filament moisture on the strength and dimensional accuracy of printed products and on the structure of their surface is demonstrated. When the range of the filament moisture is between 0.17% and 0.75%, the strength decreases by 25% and the sample thickness increases by 10%. It is also shown that this effect does not depend on the history of the polymer reaching a given moisture level, i.e., by absorbing moisture in the absorption process or releasing moisture in the desorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hamrol
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-138 Poznan, Poland (R.W.)
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3
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Tsuruoka T, Terabe K. Solid polymer electrolyte-based atomic switches: from materials to mechanisms and applications. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2024; 25:2342772. [PMID: 38766515 PMCID: PMC11100443 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2342772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
As miniaturization of semiconductor memory devices is reaching its physical and technological limits, there is a demand for memory technologies that operate on new principles. Atomic switches are nanoionic devices that show repeatable resistive switching between high-resistance and low-resistance states under bias voltage applications, based on the transport of metal ions and redox reactions in solids. Their essential structure consists of an ion conductor sandwiched between electrochemically active and inert electrodes. This review focuses on the resistive switching mechanism of atomic switches that utilize a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) as the ion conductor. Owing to the superior properties of polymer materials such as mechanical flexibility, compatibility with various substrates, and low fabrication costs, SPE-based atomic switches are a promising candidate for the next-generation of volatile and nonvolatile memories. Herein, we describe their operating mechanisms and key factors for controlling the device performance with different polymer matrices. In particular, the effects of moisture absorption in the polymer matrix on the resistive switching behavior are addressed in detail. As potential applications, atomic switches with inkjet-printed SPE and quantum conductance behavior are described. SPE-based atomic switches also have great potential in use for neuromorphic devices. The development of these devices will be enhanced using nanoarchitectonics concepts, which integrate functional materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Tsuruoka
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Terabe
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
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4
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Perišić S, Kalevski K, Grujić A, Nedeljković D, Stajić-Trošić J, Radojević V. Effect of Moisture on the Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites Hybridized with Metal Grid Layers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4705. [PMID: 38139957 PMCID: PMC10748366 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are some of the most common modern composite materials for interior and exterior design that combine natural waste wood properties and the molding possibility of a thermoplastic polymer binder. The addition of reinforcing elements, binding agents, pigments, and coatings, as well as changes to the microstructure and composition, can all affect the quality of WPCs for particular purposes. To improve the properties, hybrid composite panels of WPCs with 30 wt. % and 40 wt. % of wood content and reinforced with one or three metal grid layers were prepared sequentially by extrusion and hot pressure molding. The results show an average 20% higher moisture absorption for composites with higher wood content. A high impact test (HIT) revealed that the absorbed energy of deformation increased with the number of metal grid layers, regardless of the wood content, around two times for all samples before water immersion and around ten times after water absorption. Also, absorbed energy increases with raised wood content, which is most pronounced in three-metal-grid samples, from 21 J to 26 J (before swelling) and from 15 J to 24 J (after swelling). Flexural tests follow the trends observed by HIT, indicating around 65% higher strength for samples with three metal grid layers vs. samples without a metal grid before water immersion and around 80% higher strength for samples with three metal grid layers vs. samples without a grid after water absorption. The synthesis route, double reinforcing (wood and metal), applied methods of characterization, and optimization according to the obtained results provide a WPC with improved mechanical properties ready for an outdoor purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan Perišić
- Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Katarina Kalevski
- Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, University Business Academy, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandar Grujić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.N.); (J.S.-T.)
| | - Dragutin Nedeljković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.N.); (J.S.-T.)
| | - Jasna Stajić-Trošić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.N.); (J.S.-T.)
| | - Vesna Radojević
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Bai L, Zhang Y, Guo S, Qu H, Yu Z, Yu H, Chen W, Tan SC. Hygrothermic Wood Actuated Robotic Hand. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2211437. [PMID: 36843238 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive actuators play a vital role in the new generation of intelligent systems. However, poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication processes, and the inability to complex deformation limit their practical applications. Herein, these challenges are overcome via designing a strong hygrothermic wood actuator with asymmetric water affinity. The actuator is readily constructed by sandwiching polypyrrole-coated wood with a Ni complex hygroscopic gel top layer for moisture absorption and a polyimide bottom layer as the water barrier. The resulting hygrothermic wood spontaneously stretches and bends itself in response to moisture and thermal/light stimulation. A robotic hand and a series of grippers made of hygrothermic wood demonstrate dexterous object-hand interactions during grasping and holding, while the reversible hygrothermic property allows the actuator to be potentially applied in fire rescue scenarios to rescue trapped objects. A combination of good mechanical properties, multi-stimulus-response, complex deformation, wide working temperature range, low manufacturing cost, and biocompatibility are simultaneously realized by one device. It is thus believed that such a strong wood actuator will open up a new avenue for building intelligent robotic hand systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Bai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Hao Qu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Wenshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
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6
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Wang B, Ci S, Zhou M, Di C, Yu J, Zhu B, Qiao K. Effects of Hygrothermal and Salt Mist Ageing on the Properties of Epoxy Resins and Their Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:725. [PMID: 36772026 PMCID: PMC9921354 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxy and epoxide composites have a wide range of outdoor applications wherein they are affected by ageing. In this study, epoxy casting plates and epoxy-based composite rods for use in overhead conductors were prepared. A concurrent investigation concerning the ageing of epoxy resins and their carbon fibre composites was carried out via artificially accelerated experiments under hygrothermal and salt mist conditions. The moisture penetration along the depth, water absorption, appearance, hardness, density of the epoxy resins, and variation patterns of the impact strength and tensile strength of the epoxy-based composites were investigated. The ageing mechanisms were explored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both ageing modes had essentially similar influences on the properties of the resins and their composites; moreover, they did not significantly affect the chemical structure and microstructure of the epoxy resin, with the physical adsorption of water primarily observed during the ageing process. The moisture absorption behaviour of the epoxy obeyed Fick's law. Although the water penetration rate in the salt mist ageing mode was slightly higher than that in the hygrothermal ageing mode during the early ageing stage, it was essentially the same during the later stage. The final moisture absorption rate at saturation was approximately 1.1% under both modes. The flexural strengths and impact strengths of the composites in both ageing modes followed a similar trend. They decreased gradually with the ageing time and then stabilized at almost the same value. The flexural strength was reduced from 803 MPa to 760 MPa and the impact strength from 383 J/m2 to 310 J/m2, indicating a decrease of approximately 5.4% and 19%, respectively. The absorbed water during the ageing process caused micro-cracks at the interface between the fibres and resin, weakening the interfacial strength and reducing the mechanical properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoming Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shengzong Ci
- School of Electromechanical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Mingzhe Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chengrui Di
- School of Electromechanical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Junwei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- School of Electromechanical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
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7
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Oun A, Manalo A, Alajarmeh O, Abousnina R, Gerdes A. Long-Term Water Absorption of Hybrid Flax Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Composites with Graphene and Its Influence on Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173679. [PMID: 36080755 PMCID: PMC9459985 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the use of natural fibres as an alternative for artificial fibres in polymer composite manufacturing is increasing for various engineering applications. Their suitability for use in outdoor environments should be demonstrated due to their perceived hydrophilic behaviour. This study investigated the water absorption behaviour of hybrid flax fibre-reinforced epoxy composites with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% graphene by weight that were immersed in water for 1000, 2000, and 3000 h. The flexural and interlaminar shear strength before and after immersion in water was then evaluated. The results showed that graphene nanoparticles improved the mechanical properties of the composites. The moisture absorption process of hybrid natural fibre composites followed the Fickian law, whereas the addition of graphene significantly reduced the moisture absorption and moisture diffusion, especially for hybrid composites with 1.5% graphene. However, the flexural and ILSS properties of the composites with and without graphene decreased with the increase in the exposure duration. The flexural strength of hybrid composites with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% graphene decreased by 32%, 11%, 17.5% and 13.4%, respectively, after exposure for 3000 h. For inter-laminar shear strength at the same conditioning of 3000 h, hybrid composites with 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% graphene also decreased by 13.2%, 21% and 17.5%, respectively, compared to the dry composite’s strength. The specimens with 0.5% graphene showed the lowest reduction in strength for both the flexural and interlaminar tests, due to good filler dispersion in the matrix, but all of them were still higher than that of flax fibre composites. Scanning electron microscope observations showed a reduction in voids in the composite matrix after the introduction of graphene, resulting in reduced moisture absorption and moisture diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Oun
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Allan Manalo
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Omar Alajarmeh
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-497394088
| | - Rajab Abousnina
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Andreas Gerdes
- KIT Innovation Hub, Department of Civil Engineering, Geo and Environmental Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Wu Y, Shao B, Song Z, Li Y, Zou Y, Chen X, Di J, Song T, Wang Y, Sun B. A Hygroscopic Janus Heterojunction for Continuous Moisture-Triggered Electricity Generators. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:19569-19578. [PMID: 35442031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Moisture-triggered electricity generator (MEG) harvesting energy from the ubiquity of atmospheric moisture is one of the promising potential candidates for renewable power demand. However, MEG device performance is strongly dependent on the moisture concentration, which results in its large fluctuation of the electrical output. Here, a Janus heterojunction MEG device consisting of nanostructured silicon and hygroscopic polyelectrolyte incorporating hydrophilic carbon nanotube mesh is proposed to enable ambient moisture harvesting and continuous stable electrical output delivery. The nanostructured silicon with a large surface/volume ratio provides strong coupling interaction with water molecules for charge generation. A polyelectrolyte of polydiallyl dimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) can facilitate charge selective transporting and enhance the effectiveness of moisture-absorbing in an arid environment simultaneously. The conductive, porous, and hydrophilic carbon nanotube mesh allows water to be ripped through as well as the generated charges being collected timely. As such, any generated charge carriers in the Janus heterojunction can be efficiently swept toward their respective electrodes, because of the device asymmetric contact. A MEG device continuously delivers an open-circuit voltage of 1.0 V, short-circuit current density of 8.2 μA/cm2, and output power density of 2.2 μW/cm2 under an ambient environment (60% relative humidity, 25 °C), which is a record value over the previously reported values. Furthermore, the infrared thermal measurements also reveal that the moisture-triggered electricity generation power is likely ascribed to surrounding thermal energy collected by the MEG device. Our results provide an insightful rationale for the design of device structure and understanding of the working mechanism of MEG, which is of great importance to promote the efficient electricity conversion induced by moisture in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Beibei Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheheng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yatao Zou
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiangtao Di
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yusheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
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Dai M, Zhao F, Fan J, Li Q, Yang Y, Fan Z, Ling S, Yu H, Liu S, Li J, Chen W, Yu G. A Nanostructured Moisture-Absorbing Gel for Fast and Large-Scale Passive Dehumidification. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2200865. [PMID: 35179809 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dehumidification is significant for environmental sustainability and human health. Traditional dehumidification methods involve significant energy consumption and have negative impact on the environment. The core challenge is to expose hygroscopic surfaces to the air, and appropriately store the captured water and avoid surface inactivation. Here, a nanostructured moisture-absorbing gel (N-MAG) for passive dehumidification, which consists of a hydrophilic nanocellulose network functionalized by hygroscopic lithium chloride, is reported. The interconnected nanocellulose can transfer the captured water to the internal space of the bulky N-MAG, eliminating water accumulation near the surfaces and hence enabling high-rate moisture absorption. The N-MAG can reduce the relative humidity from 96.7% to 28.7% in 6 h, even if the space is over 2 × 104 times of its own volume. The condensed water can be completely confined in the N-MAG, overcoming the problem of environmental pollution. This research brings a new perspective for sustainable humidity management without energy consumption and with positive environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Juanjuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Ya Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangjun Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Ling
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Wenshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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10
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Yao W, Zhu X, Xu Z, Davis RA, Liu G, Zhong H, Lin X, Dong P, Ye M, Shen J. Loofah Sponge-Derived Hygroscopic Photothermal Absorber for All-Weather Atmospheric Water Harvesting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:4680-4689. [PMID: 35034450 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The loofah gourd is like a natural water tank that stores underground water and drains it out after aging, leaving only a three-dimensional network consisting of hollow and interconnected fibers. This phenomenon inspired us to fabricate a solar-energy-powered sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting device using a loofah sponge. Herein, moisture absorption and photothermal conversion strategies are rationally designed to fast release the absorbed water. This is accomplished by filling the hollow and connected loofah fiber with LiCl and replacing the original luffa peel with a bacterial cellulose (BC)/carbon nanotube (CNT) photothermal conversion membrane. As a result, loofah/BC/CNT (LBC)@LiCl presents a high water absorption capacity of 2.65 g g-1 at 90% relative humidity (RH) and fast water release performance of 1.33 kg m-2 h-1 under 1.0 sun. Noticeably, ∼1.92-2.40 kg LBC@LiCl can produce daily drinking water for adults (2000-2500 mL) in one night outdoors at ∼66% RH, proving that it is a feasible method to overcome the drinking water shortage of poor and arid areas using cheap and renewable biomass material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yao
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhenglong Xu
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ruth Anaya Davis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia 20059, United States
| | - Guanglei Liu
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Haibin Zhong
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xianglong Lin
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Pei Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Mingxin Ye
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- Institute of Special Materials and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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Zhang K, Yang W, Li H, Tang Z, Wu W, Yuan J, Feng Z. Semi-Reliability Probability Damage Assessment of GFRP Bars Embedded in Steam-Curing Concrete Beams Based on the Multiple Factors Related Moisture Absorption Model. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4409. [PMID: 34960961 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
GFRP bars will be damaged due to a series of irreversible hygroscopic chemical reactions under humid and hot curing environmental conditions. The multiple factors related to the moisture absorption model were established through the moisture absorption test of GFRP bars embedded in steam-curing concrete, which considered different curing temperatures, different thicknesses of the protective layer, and different diameters of GFRP bars. Semi-reliability probability damage assessment of GFRP bars embedded in steam-curing concrete was described by introducing the reliability and stochastic theory. Subsequently, the tensile test of GFRP bars was carried out to verify the feasibility of the damage assessment. The results showed that the moisture absorption curves of GFRP bars were basically in line with Fick’s law. In addition, the influences of the curing temperature, the thickness of the protective layer, and the diameter on moisture absorption performance were presented. The semi-reliability probability damage assessment model of GFRP bars embedded in steam-curing concrete beams adequately considered the multiple factors related to moisture absorption and the uncertainty and randomness of the influencing factors during the process of moisture absorption.
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Beluns S, Platnieks O, Gaidukovs S, Starkova O, Sabalina A, Grase L, Thakur VK, Gaidukova G. Lignin and Xylan as Interface Engineering Additives for Improved Environmental Durability of Sustainable Cellulose Nanopapers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312939. [PMID: 34884744 PMCID: PMC8657447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose materials and products are frequently affected by environmental factors such as light, temperature, and humidity. Simulated UV irradiation, heat, and moisture exposure were comprehensively used to characterize changes in cellulose nanopaper (NP) tensile properties. For the preparation of NP, high-purity cellulose from old, unused filter paper waste was used. Lignin and xylan were used as sustainable green interface engineering modifiers for NP due to their structural compatibility, low price, nontoxic nature, and abundance as a by-product of biomass processing, as well as their ability to protect cellulose fibers from UV irradiation. Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) suspension was obtained by microfluidizing cellulose suspension, and NP was produced by casting films from water suspensions. The use of filler from 1 to 30 wt% significantly altered NP properties. All nanopapers were tested for their sensitivity to water humidity, which reduced mechanical properties from 10 to 40% depending on the saturation level. Xylan addition showed a significant increase in the specific elastic modulus and specific strength by 1.4- and 2.8-fold, respectively. Xylan-containing NPs had remarkable resistance to UV irradiation, retaining 50 to 90% of their initial properties. Lignin-modified NPs resulted in a decreased mechanical performance due to the particle structure of the filler and the agglomeration process, but it was compensated by good property retention and enhanced elongation. The UV oxidation process of the NP interface was studied with UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, which showed that the degradation of lignin and xylan preserves a cellulose fiber structure. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed the structural formation of the interface and supplemented understanding of UV aging impact on the surface and penetration depth in the cross-section. The ability to overcome premature aging in environmental factors can significantly benefit the wide adaption of NP in food packaging and functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergejs Beluns
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Materials, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (O.P.); (V.K.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Oskars Platnieks
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Materials, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (O.P.); (V.K.T.)
| | - Sergejs Gaidukovs
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Materials, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (O.P.); (V.K.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Olesja Starkova
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Alisa Sabalina
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Liga Grase
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Materials and Surface Engineering, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Materials, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (O.P.); (V.K.T.)
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida 201314, Uttar Pradesh, India
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gerda Gaidukova
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia;
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13
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Mi Y, Miao Q, Cui J, Tan W, Guo Z. Novel 2-Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Moisture Absorption and Retention Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:4238. [PMID: 34299513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen a steady increase in interest and demand for the use of humectants based on biodegradable natural polymers in many fields. The aim of this paper is to investigate the moisture absorption and retention properties of 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan derivatives which were modified by anionic compounds via ion exchange. FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to demonstrate the specific structures of chitosan derivatives. The degrees of substitution for objective products were calculated by the integral ratio of hydrogen atoms according to 1H NMR spectroscopy. Meanwhile, moisture absorption of specimens was assayed in a desiccator at different relative humidity (RH: 43% and 81%), and all target products exhibited enhanced moisture absorption. Furthermore, moisture retention measurement at different relative humidity (RH: 43%, 81%, and drier silica gel) was estimated, and all target products possessed obviously improved moisture retention property. Specifically, after 48 h later, the moisture retention property of HACBA at 81% RH was 372.34%, which was much higher than HA (180.04%). The present study provided a novel method to synthesize chitosan derivatives with significantly improved moisture absorption and retention properties that would serve as potential humectants in biomedical, food, medicine, and cosmetics fields.
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14
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Xu J, Du X, Xin B, Kan C, Xiao Y, Chen Z, Zhou M, Yan Q. Moisture-Wicking and Solar-Heated Coaxial Fibers with a Bark-like Appearance for Fabric Comfort Management. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:26590-26600. [PMID: 34047185 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the human body's comfort is a predominant requirement of functional textiles, but there are still considerable drawbacks to design an intelligent textile with proper moisture absorption and evaporation properties. Herein, we develop moisture-wicking and solar-heated coaxial fibers with a bark-like appearance for fabric comfort management. The cortex layer of coaxial fibers can absorb moisture via the synergistic effect of the hierarchical roughness and the hydrophilic polymeric matrix. The core layer containing zirconium carbide nanoparticles can assimilate energy from the body and sunlight, which raises the surface temperature of the material and accelerates moisture evaporation. The resulting coaxial fiber-based membrane exhibits an excellent droplet diffusion radius of 2.73 cm, an excellent wicking height of 6.97 cm, and a high surface temperature of 61.7 °C which is radiated by simulated sunlight. Moreover, the designed fabric also exhibits a significant UV protection factor of 2000. Overall, the successful synthesis of such fascinating fibrous membranes enables the rapid removal of sweat from the human body textile, providing a suitable and comfortable microenvironment for the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Xu
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuanxuan Du
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Binjie Xin
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chiwai Kan
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hongkong Polytechnic University, Hongkong 999077, China
| | - Yaqian Xiao
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hongkong Polytechnic University, Hongkong 999077, China
| | - Zhuoming Chen
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhou
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qingshuai Yan
- School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
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15
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Zhao Y, Lin S, Yang R, Chen D, Sun N. Proton Dynamics of Water Diffusion in Shrimp Hydrolysates Flour and Effects of Moisture Absorption on Its Properties. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051137. [PMID: 34065224 PMCID: PMC8161016 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Moisture absorbed into shrimp hydrolysates (SHs) flour profoundly affected its properties. The unstored hydrolysate flour was called SHs-0h and SHs stored for 30 h at 25 °C and 75% relative humidity was named SHs-30. During the process of storage, the moisture dynamics in SHs flour were investigated by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). The effects of moisture absorption on the radicals scavenging rates of SHs flour were evaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The effects of moisture absorption on secondary structure were studied by mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy and infrared microimaging spectroscopy. The changes of volatile components were monitored by purge and trap coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PT-GC-MS). DVS results showed that the moisture absorption rate of SHs flour could reach a maximum of 88.93%. Meanwhile, the water was transformed into more stable water with shorter relaxation times. The porous structure of the SHs-30 h flour disappeared and became smoother compared to SH-0 h flour. DPPH (31.09 ± 0.54%) and OH (26.62 ± 1.14%) radicals scavenging rates of SHs-30 h significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared to that of SHs-0 h flour. The vibrations of the MIR absorbance peaks were changed. Finally, eight volatile components disappeared and six new volatile compounds were found. This study provided a theory basis for moisture dynamics in peptide flour during the storage process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Songyi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Ruiwen Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Dong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Na Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1884-082-1971; Fax: +86-4118-631-8655
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16
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Zhu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Huang X. Moisture Absorption Characteristics of Nanoparticle-Doped Silicone Rubber and Its Influence Mechanism on Electrical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091474. [PMID: 34063328 PMCID: PMC8124887 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To further explore the long-term stability of nano-dielectrics, experiments were carried out to investigate the moisture absorption characteristics and electrical properties of silicone rubber (SiR) doped with different inorganic nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is utilized to research the moisture absorption characteristics including mass fraction and binding forms. The trap depth and electron orbitals are calculated by density functional theory to explain the influence mechanism of water molecules on SiR. It is found that the addition of nanoparticles will increase the moisture content of SiR. Additionally, the nano-TiO2-doped SiR absorbs more water and binds with water relatively more loosely than nano-Al2O3. There is a degradation of space charge inhibition capability and breakdown strength after moisture absorption, which might be explained by shallow traps brought by water molecules and the narrowed forbidden bandwidth of SiR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment & Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment & Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Yuanxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment & Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (X.H.)
- The Wind Solar Storage Division of State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-106-279-2303
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment & Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (X.H.)
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17
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Mohd Basri MS, Yek TH, A. Talib R, Mohamed Amin Tawakkal IS, Kamarudin SH, Mazlan N, Maidin NA, Ab Rahman MH. Rice Husk Ash/Silicone Rubber-Based Binary Blended Geopolymer Coating Composite: Fire Retardant, Moisture Absorption, Optimize Composition, and Microstructural Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:985. [PMID: 33806990 PMCID: PMC8004628 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Geopolymer coating using rice husk ash (RHA) as the aluminosilicate source has shown excellent fire retardant properties. However, incorporation of rice husk ash into the geopolymer matrix increased water absorption properties of the polymer composite. As such, silicone rubber (SiR) was introduced to improve the moisture absorption and fire retardant properties of the composite. Additionally, the less efficient one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach was conventionally used in past studies on the RHA-based geopolymer composite. In understanding the optimum value and significant effect of factors on the fire retardant and moisture absorption properties of the binary blended geopolymer coating composite, the use of statistical analysis and regression coefficient model (mathematical model) was considered essential. The objectives of this study are to identify the significant effect of factors on moisture absorption and fire retardant properties, to determine the optimum composition, and to study the microstructure of the rice husk ash/silicone rubber (RHA/SiR)-based binary blended geopolymer coating composite. The RHA/AA and SiR/Ge ratios were chosen as factors, and the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design experiments and conduct analyses. Fire retardant and moisture absorption tests were conducted. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of geopolymer samples. The RHA/alkaline activator (AA) and SiR/Ge ratios were shown to have a significant effect on the responses (temperature at equilibrium and moisture absorption). The high ratio of RHA/AA and SiR/Ge resulted in a lower temperature at equilibrium (TAE) below 200°C and at moisture absorption below 16%. The optimum formulation for the geopolymer coating composite can be achieved when the RHA/AA ratio, SiR/Ge ratio, and sodium hydroxide concentration are set at 0.85, 0.70, and 14 M, respectively. SEM micrographs of samples with good fire retardant properties showed that the char residue of the geopolymer composite coating, which is a layer of excess silicone rubber, is porous and continuous, thus providing a shielding effect for the layer of geopolymer underneath. The sample with good moisture absorption showed the formation of a thin outer layer of silicone rubber without any cracks. The unreacted SiR formed a thin layer beneath the geopolymer composite matrix providing a good moisture barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (T.H.Y.); (R.A.T.); (I.S.M.A.T.)
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tee Hui Yek
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (T.H.Y.); (R.A.T.); (I.S.M.A.T.)
| | - Rosnita A. Talib
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (T.H.Y.); (R.A.T.); (I.S.M.A.T.)
| | - Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (T.H.Y.); (R.A.T.); (I.S.M.A.T.)
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hasnah Kamarudin
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norkhairunnisa Mazlan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ain Maidin
- Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.A.M.); (M.H.A.R.)
| | - Mohd Hidayat Ab Rahman
- Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.A.M.); (M.H.A.R.)
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Azizan A, Johar M, Karam Singh SS, Abdullah S, Koloor SSR, Petrů M, Wong KJ, Tamin MN. An Extended Thickness-Dependent Moisture Absorption Model for Unidirectional Carbon/Epoxy Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:440. [PMID: 33573112 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Moisture absorption tests for materials that exhibit non-Fickian behavior generally require a relatively long period to reach saturation. Therefore, it would be beneficial to establish a relationship between the moisture content and the thickness to minimize the experimental time and cost. This research characterizes the moisture absorption behavior of AS4/8552 carbon/epoxy composites. Specimens were prepared at 4, 8, and 16 plies and immersed in distilled water at 60 °C. The relationship between the non-Fickian parameters (Fickian to non-Fickian maximum moisture content ratio ϕ, non-Fickian diffusivity per square thickness α, and non-Fickian initiation time to) and thickness was characterized using a thickness-dependent model. A comparison with other materials revealed that all three non-Fickian parameters are able to be fitted using a power law. Nevertheless, the upper boundary for the applicability of this model was not determined in this study. The Weibull distribution plots indicate that the probability of non-Fickian moisture absorption is influenced by ϕ and α at approximately 62% within a normalized thickness range of 2–3. In regards to to, it is 82% at a normalized thickness of 6. Therefore, the Weibull distribution is proposed for the assessment of non-Fickian moisture absorption based on the material’s thickness.
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Atmakuri A, Palevicius A, Siddabathula M, Vilkauskas A, Janusas G. Analysis of Mechanical and Wettability Properties of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122827. [PMID: 33261200 PMCID: PMC7760148 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural fibers have many advantages over synthetic fibers due to their lightness, low cost, biodegradability, and abundance in nature. The demand for natural fiber hybrid composites in various applications has increased recently, because of its promising mechanical properties. In this research work, the mechanical and wettability properties of reinforced natural fiber epoxy resin hybrid composites were investigated. The main aim of this research work is the fabrication of hybrid composites and exploit its importance over individual fiber composites. The composites were fabricated based on the rule of hybridization mixture (0.4 wf) of two fibers using sets of either hemp and flax or banana and pineapple, each set with 40 wt%, as well as four single fiber composites, 40 wt% each, as reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix material. A total of two sets (hemp/flax and banana/pineapple) of hybrid composites were fabricated by using a hand layup technique. One set as 40H/0F, 25H/15F, 20H/20F, 15H/25F, 0H/40F, and the second one as 40B/0P, 25B/15P, 20B/20P, 15B/25P, 0B/40P weight fraction ratios. The fabricated composites were allowed for testing to examine its mechanical, wettability, and moisture properties. It has been observed that, in both cases, hybrid composites showed improved mechanical properties when compared to the individual fiber composites. The wettability test was carried out by using the contact angle measurement technique. All composites in both cases, hybrid or single showed contact angle less than 90°, which is associated with the composite hydrophilic surface properties. The moisture analysis stated that all the composites responded for moisture absorption up to 96 h and then remained constant in both cases. Hybrid composites absorbed less moisture than individual fiber composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappa Atmakuri
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studuntu 56, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.P.); (A.V.); (G.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Arvydas Palevicius
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studuntu 56, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.P.); (A.V.); (G.J.)
| | - Madhusudan Siddabathula
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Usha Rama College of Engineering, Telaprolu, Andhra Pradesh 521109, India;
| | - Andrius Vilkauskas
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studuntu 56, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.P.); (A.V.); (G.J.)
| | - Giedrius Janusas
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Studuntu 56, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.P.); (A.V.); (G.J.)
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20
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Wong KJ, Johar M, Koloor SSR, Petrů M, Tamin MN. Moisture Absorption Effects on Mode II Delamination of Carbon/Epoxy Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2162. [PMID: 32971855 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is necessary to consider the influence of moisture damage on the interlaminar fracture toughness for composite structures that are used for outdoor applications. However, the studies on the progressive variation of the fracture toughness as a function of moisture content M (%) is rather limited. In this regard, this study focuses on the characterization of mode II delamination of carbon/epoxy composites conditioned at 70 °C/85% relative humidity (RH). End-notched flexure test is conducted for specimens aged at various moisture absorption levels. Experimental results reveal that mode II fracture toughness degrades with the moisture content, with a maximum of 23% decrement. A residual property model is used to predict the variation of the fracture toughness with the moisture content. Through numerical simulations, it is found that the approaches used to estimate the lamina and cohesive properties are suitable to obtain reliable simulation results. In addition, the damage initiation is noticed during the early loading stage; however, the complete damage is only observed when the numerical peak load is achieved. Results from the present research could serve as guidelines to predict the residual properties and simulate the mode II delamination behavior under moisture attack.
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21
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Syaqira S SN, Leman Z, Sapuan SM, Dele-Afolabi TT, Azmah Hanim MA, S. B. Tensile Strength and Moisture Absorption of Sugar Palm-Polyvinyl Butyral Laminated Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12091923. [PMID: 32858857 PMCID: PMC7563742 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural fiber reinforced composites have had a great impact on the development of eco-friendly industrial products for several engineering applications. Sugar palm fiber (SPF) is one of the newly found natural fibers with limited experimental investigation. In the present work, sugar palm fiber was employed as the natural fiber reinforcement. The composites were hot compressed with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form the structure of laminated composites and then were subjected to tensile testing and moisture absorption. The maximum modulus and tensile strength of 0.84 MPa and 1.59 MPa were registered for samples PVB 80-S and PVB 70-S, respectively. Subsequently, the latter exhibited the highest tensile strain at a maximum load of 356.91%. The moisture absorption test revealed that the samples exhibited better water resistance as the proportion of PVB increased relative to the proportion of SPF due to the remarkable hydrophobic property of PVB in comparison with that of SPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsudin N. Syaqira S
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Z. Leman
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center, (AEMC), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center, (AEMC), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - T. T. Dele-Afolabi
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
| | - M. A. Azmah Hanim
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center, (AEMC), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Budati S.
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.S.S.); (S.M.S.); (T.T.D.-A.); (M.A.A.H.); (B.S.)
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Bieniaś J, Jakubczak P, Droździel M, Surowska B. Interlaminar Shear Strength and Failure Analysis of Aluminium-Carbon Laminates with a Glass Fiber Interlayer after Moisture Absorption. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13132999. [PMID: 32640550 PMCID: PMC7372471 DOI: 10.3390/ma13132999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article presents selected aspects of an interlaminar shear strength and failure analysis of hybrid fiber metal laminates (FMLs) consisting of alternating layers of a 2024-T3 aluminium alloy and carbon fiber reinforced polymer. Particular attention is paid to the properties of the hybrid FMLs with an additional interlayer of glass composite at the metal-composite interface. The influence of hygrothermal conditioning, the interlaminar shear strength (short beam shear test), and the failure mode were investigated and discussed. It was found that fiber metal laminates can be classified as a material with significantly less adsorption than in the case of conventional composites. Introducing an additional layer of glass composite at the metal-composite interface and hygrothermal conditioning influence the decrease in the interlaminar shear strength. The major forms of damage to the laminates are delaminations in the layer of the carbon composite, at the metal-composite interface, and delaminations between the layers of glass and carbon composites.
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Phan HTQ, Nguyen BT, Pham LH, Pham CT, Do TVV, Hoang CN, Nguyen NN, Kim J, Hoang D. Excellent Fireproof Characteristics and High Thermal Stability of Rice Husk-Filled Polyurethane with Halogen-Free Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1587. [PMID: 31569369 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal stabilities, flame retardancies, and physico-mechanical properties of rice husk-reinforced polyurethane (PU–RH) foams with and without flame retardants (FRs) were evaluated. Their flammability performances were studied by UL94, LOI, and cone calorimetry tests. The obtained results combined with FTIR, TGA, SEM, and XPS characterizations were used to evaluate the fire behaviors of the PU–RH samples. The PU–RH samples with a quite low loading (7 wt%) of aluminum diethylphosphinate (OP) and 32 wt% loading of aluminum hydroxide (ATH) had high thermal stabilities, excellent flame retardancies, UL94 V-0 ratings, and LOIs of 22%–23%. PU–RH did not pass the UL94 HB standard test and completely burned to the holder clamp with a low LOI (19%). The cone calorimetry results indicated that the fireproof characteristics of the PU foam composites were considerably improved by the addition of the FRs. The proposed flame retardancy mechanism and cone calorimetry results are consistent. The comprehensive FTIR spectroscopy, TG, SEM, and XPS analyses revealed that the addition of ATH generated white solid particles, which dispersed and covered the residue surface. The pyrolysis products of OP would self-condense or react with other volatiles generated by the decomposition of PU–RH to form stable, continuous, and thick phosphorus/aluminum-rich residual chars inhibiting the transfer of heat and oxygen. The PU–RH samples with and without the FRs exhibited the normal isothermal sorption hysteresis effect at relative humidities higher than 20%. At lower values, during the desorption, this effect was not observed, probably because of the biodegradation of organic components in the RH. The findings of this study not only contribute to the improvement in combustibility of PU–RH composites and reduce the smoke or toxic fume generation, but also solve the problem of RHs, which are abundant waste resources of agriculture materials leading to the waste disposal management problems.
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Ma P, Dai C, Jiang S. Thioetherimide-Modified Cyanate Ester Resin with Better Molding Performance for Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1458. [PMID: 31500128 PMCID: PMC6780088 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanate ester (CE) resins with higher heat resistance, lower coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs), and lower water absorption ratios are highly desired in printed circuit boards (PCBs). In this work, a CE was modified by copolymerization with a long-chain thioether bismaleimide (SBMI) to form a thioetherimide-modified CE (SBT). The results indicated that SBT had a wider processing window and better processing properties than a common bismaleimide-modified CE resin (MBMI). After molding with a glass fiber cloth, the composites (GSBT) exhibited moisture adsorption in the range of 1.4%-2.0%, high tensile strength in the range of 311-439 MPa, good mechanical retention of 70%-85% even at 200 °C, and good dimension stability, with coefficients of thermal expansion in the range of 17.3-18.6 (×10-6 m/°C). Such GSBT composites with superior properties would be good candidates for PCB applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuntao Dai
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan 528404, China.
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Yang Y, Zheng N, Wang X, Ivone R, Shan W, Shen J. Rapid Preparation of Spherical Granules via the Melt Centrifugal Atomization Technique. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E198. [PMID: 31052257 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Granules with superior fluidity and low moisture absorption are ideal for tableting and capsule filling. Melt granulation as a solvent-free technology has attracted increasing interest for the granulation of moisture-sensitive drugs. The objective of the present study was to develop a solvent-less and high throughput melt granulation method via the melt centrifugal atomization (MCA) technique. The granule formability of various drugs and excipients via MCA and their dissolution properties were studied. It was found that the yield, fluidity, and moisture resistance of the granules were affected by the drug and excipient types, operation temperature, and collector diameter. The drugs were in an amorphous state in pure drug granules, or were highly dispersed in excipients as solid dispersions. The granules produced via MCA showed an improved drug dissolution. The present study demonstrated that the solvent-free, one-step, and high-throughput MCA approach can be used to produce spherical granules with superior fluidity and immediate drug release characteristics for poorly water-soluble and moisture-sensitive therapeutics.
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Li J, Li X, Yang P, Mu Q, Zhang M, Ding Y, Li J. Preparation and properties of gelatin hydrolysate modified with polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salts. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2019; 30:593-607. [PMID: 30896373 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1592798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PSiQAEp-GH polymers were synthesized by the reaction of gelatin hydrolysate (GH) and polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salts containing epoxy group (PSiQAEp) with different molecular weight from 3147 to 12996. The results of FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR showed that the reaction occurred between primary amino group of arginine in GH and epoxy of PSiQAEp. The XRD and DSC studies showed that the degree of short-range order of PSiQAEp-GH reduced and its glass transition temperature (Tg) lowered more than 10 °C compared with GH. The determinations of moisture absorption and contact angle (CA) indicated that the hydrophobility of PSiQAEp-GH was better than GH. The tests of inhibitory zone and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) illustrated that the PSiQAEp-GHs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, and the antibacterial activity depended on both the chemical structure of PSiQAEp-GHs and the biological structure of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Li
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China.,b Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Silicone-Containing Materials , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China.,b Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Silicone-Containing Materials , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Qiuhong Mu
- b Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Silicone-Containing Materials , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Yunqiao Ding
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Jiachun Li
- a School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Engineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , P. R. China
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Lin S, Xue P, Yang S, Li X, Dong X, Chen F. Water dynamics of Ser-His-Glu-Cys-Asn powder and effects of moisture absorption on its chemical properties. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:3124-3132. [PMID: 27883185 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study has elucidated moisture dynamics in the soybean peptide, Ser-His-Glu-Cys-Asn (SHECN) powder by using dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We also tried to investigate the effects of moisture absorption on the biological activity and chemical properties of SHECN with some effective methods such as mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS DVS results showed that the moisture absorption of SHECN could reach a maximum of 33%, and the SHECN powder after synthesis actually existed in a trihydrate state of SHECN.3H2 O. Low-field NMR revealed that three water proportions including strong combined water, binding water and bulk water were involved in SHECN moisture absorption and absored water dominantly existed in the form of combined water. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MIR spectroscopy results indicated that moisture absorption could change the morphology and structure of SHECN. After moisture absorption at 50% and 75% relative humidity, 19 volatiles were identified by GC-MS analysis. Additionally, this study showed that a part of reductive groups in SHECN was oxidized and its antioxidant ability declined significantly (P < 0.05) after moisture absorption. CONCLUSION Water absorbed into SHECN powder can significantly change its microstructure and cause its activity to decrease. We must prevent SHECN from absorbing moisture during storage because the water can accelerate the oxidation of samples and promote microbial reactions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyi Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Xue
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuailing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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Yang S, Liu X, Jin Y, Li X, Chen F, Zhang M, Lin S. Water Dynamics in Egg White Peptide, Asp-His-Thr-Lys-Glu, Powder Monitored by Dynamic Vapor Sorption and LF-NMR. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:2153-2161. [PMID: 26915514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Water absorbed into the bulk amorphous structure of peptides can have profound effects on their properties. Here, we elucidated water dynamics in Asp-His-Thr-Lys-Glu (DHTKE), an antioxidant peptide derived from egg white ovalbumin, using water dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). The DVS results indicated that parallel exponential kinetics model fitted well to the data of sorption kinetics behavior of DHTKE. Four different proton fractions with different mobilities were identified based on the degree of interaction between peptide and water. The water could significantly change the proton distribution and structure of the sample. The different phases of moisture absorption were reflected in the T2 parameters. In addition, the combined water content was dominant in the hygroscopicity of DHTKE. This study provides an effective real-time monitoring method for water mobility and distribution in synthetic peptides, and this method may have applications in promoting peptide quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuailing Yang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Xuye Liu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jin
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Xingfang Li
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Mingdi Zhang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Songyi Lin
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130062, P. R. China
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Hayashi T, Kobayashi A, Tomita K, Shimizu T. A new method for evaluation of the resistance to rice kernel cracking based on moisture absorption in brown rice under controlled conditions. Breed Sci 2015; 65:381-387. [PMID: 26719740 PMCID: PMC4671698 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.65.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed and evaluated the effectiveness of a new method to detect differences among rice cultivars in their resistance to kernel cracking. The method induces kernel cracking under laboratory controlled condition by moisture absorption to brown rice. The optimal moisture absorption conditions were determined using two japonica cultivars, 'Nipponbare' as a cracking-resistant cultivar and 'Yamahikari' as a cracking-susceptible cultivar: 12% initial moisture content of the brown rice, a temperature of 25°C, a duration of 5 h, and only a single absorption treatment. We then evaluated the effectiveness of these conditions using 12 japonica cultivars. The proportion of cracked kernels was significantly correlated with the mean 10-day maximum temperature after heading. In addition, the correlation between the proportions of cracked kernels in the 2 years of the study was higher than that for values obtained using the traditional late harvest method. The new moisture absorption method could stably evaluate the resistance to kernel cracking, and will help breeders to develop future cultivars with less cracking of the kernels.
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Aramwit P, Muangman P, Namviriyachote N, Srichana T. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness and moisture binding properties of wound dressings. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:2864-74. [PMID: 21152279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11082864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of silver-coated dressings and some impregnated with other chemicals are now available in the market; however, there have been few studies analyzing their comparative efficacies as antimicrobial agents. Moreover, their properties for retaining an appropriate level of moisture that is critical for effective wound healing have never been reported. Five commercially available silver-containing and chlorhexidine dressings, Urgotul SSD(®), Bactigras(®), Acticoat(®), Askina Calgitrol Ag(®) and Aquacel Ag(®), were tested to determine their comparative antimicrobial effectiveness in vitro against five common wound pathogens, namely methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mepitel(®), a flexible polyamide net coated with soft silicone, was used as a control. The zones of inhibition and both the rapidity and the extent of killing of these pathogens were evaluated. All five antimicrobial dressings investigated exerted some bactericidal activity, particularly against E. coli. The spectrum and rapidity of action ranged widely for the different dressings. Acticoat(®) had a broad spectrum of action against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Other dressings demonstrated a narrower range of bactericidal activities. Regarding the absorption and release of moisture, Askina Calgitrol Ag(®) absorbed and released the most moisture from the environment. Aquacel Ag(®) also exhibited good moisture absorption and moisture release, but to a lower degree. The other tested dressings absorbed or released very little moisture. Askina Calgitrol Ag(®) and Aquacel Ag(®) are good alternative dressings for treating wounds with high exudates and pus. An understanding of the characteristics of these dressings will be useful for utilizing them for specific requirements under specified conditions.
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