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Charlier C, Noel C, Hafner L, Moura A, Mathiaud C, Pitsch A, Meziane C, Jolly-Sanchez L, de Pontfarcy A, Diamantis S, Bracq-Dieye H, Disson O, Thouvenot P, Valès G, Tessaud-Rita N, Tourdjman M, Leclercq A, Lecuit M. Fatal neonatal listeriosis following L. monocytogenes horizontal transmission highlights neonatal susceptibility to orally acquired listeriosis. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101094. [PMID: 37385252 PMCID: PMC10394164 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of fulminant fatal neonatal listeriosis due to horizontal transmission of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in a neonatal double room. Genomic analyses reveal a close genetic relationship between clinical isolates, supporting cross-contamination. Oral inoculation experiments in adult and neonatal mice show that neonates are susceptible to a low Lm inoculum and that this susceptibility results from the immaturity of the neonatal gut microbiota. Infected neonates should therefore be isolated for as long as they shed Lm in their feces to avoid horizontal transmission and its dire consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Charlier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France; Cochin University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Coralie Noel
- Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile-de-France, 77000 Melun, France
| | - Lukas Hafner
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Moura
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Aurélia Pitsch
- Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile-de-France, 77000 Melun, France
| | - Chakib Meziane
- Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile-de-France, 77000 Melun, France
| | | | | | | | - Hélène Bracq-Dieye
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Thouvenot
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Valès
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Tessaud-Rita
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Alexandre Leclercq
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center Listeria, 75015 Paris, France; Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France.
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Yamamoto-Kataoka S, Kataoka Y, Tochitani K, Miyakoshi C, Yamamoto Y. Influence of anti-coronavirus disease 2019 policies on 10 pediatric infectious diseases. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e14958. [PMID: 34388287 PMCID: PMC8447317 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To combat the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, many countries, including Japan, implemented policies limiting social activities and encouraging preventive behaviors. This study examines the influence of such policies on the trends of 10 infectious pediatric diseases: pharyngoconjunctival fever; group A streptococcal pharyngitis; infectious gastroenteritis; chickenpox; erythema infectiosum; hand, foot, and mouth disease; herpangina; respiratory syncytial virus; exanthem subitum; and mumps. METHODS The research adopted a retrospective cohort study design. We collected data from Japan's National Epidemiological Surveillance Program detailing the incidences of the 10 diseases per pediatric sentinel site for a period beginning at 9 weeks before government-ordered school closures and ending at 9 weeks after the end of the state of emergency. We obtained corresponding data for the equivalent weeks in 2015-2019. We estimated the influence of the policies using a difference-in-differences regression model. RESULTS For seven diseases (pharyngoconjunctival fever; group A streptococcal pharyngitis; infectious gastroenteritis; chickenpox; erythema infectiosum; hand, foot, and mouth disease; and herpangina), the incidence in 2020 decreased significantly during and after the school closures. Sensitivity analysis, in which the focus area was limited to the policy-implementation period or existing trend patterns, replicated these significant decreases for one of the above mentioned seven diseases - infectious gastroenteritis. CONCLUSIONS Policies such as school closures and encouragement of preventive behaviors were associated with significant decreases in the incidences of most of the 10 diseases, which sensitivity analysis replicated in infectious gastroenteritis. To determine the long-term effects of these policies, prospective cohort studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Yamamoto-Kataoka
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-Iren Asukai Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tochitani
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisato Miyakoshi
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Research Support, Center for Clinical Research and Innovation, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Xin KY, Eusufzai SZ, Jamayet NB, Alam MK. Knowledge and awareness regarding occupational needle stick and sharp injuries among dental personnel in Malaysia. Work 2021; 67:165-171. [PMID: 32955481 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accidental occupational injuries increase the risk of communicable diseases like hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among dental personnel. Such occupational injuries affect healthcare quality by enhancing dissatisfaction and lack of motivation to work among dental personnel. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to assess knowledge and awareness regarding needle stick and sharp injury among dental personnel and compared the knowledge and awareness level about needle stick injuries between dental professionals and dental supporting staff working at the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2016 to March 2017. The total sample included 112 registered dental personnel including dental professionals (lecturers, dental officers, and postgraduate students) and dental supportive staff (including staff nurses and dental surgery assistant) who were selected from the School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia at Kelantan District of Malaysia. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire. RESULTS In our study 60.7% respondents answered correctly for all the statements regarding knowledge and 51.8% of the respondents answered correctly for the statements regarding awareness on needle stick and sharp injury. No significant difference of knowledge level has been observed between the dental professionals and dental supportive staff (p < 0.819), whereas the awareness level was significantly different between these two groups (p < 0.016). CONCLUSIONS There is a difference regarding awareness level on needle stick and sharp injury between dental professionals and dental supportive staff in our study but no differences were found in knowledge level between two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuah Yan Xin
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sumaiya Zabin Eusufzai
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nafij Bin Jamayet
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Adenlewo OJ, Adeosun PO, Fatusi OA. Medical and dental students' attitude and practice of prevention strategies against hepatitis B virus infection in a Nigerian university. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 28:33. [PMID: 29138669 PMCID: PMC5681016 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.28.33.11662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Medical and dental students are a high-risk group for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection which is an occupational hazard for them and a leading cause of death globally. Prevention strategies include vaccination and observance of standard precaution. However, available reports claim utilization of the prevention strategies is low. This study evaluated the attitude of the students towards HBV vaccine and cross-infection practices. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study carried out at the College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. Using the convenience sampling method, anonymous self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the first 120 participants that volunteered to participate in the study. Data analysis was done using IBM's Statistical Package (SPSS) version 20 software. Statistical level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Over eighty percent (83.2%) of the participants had at least a dose of the HBV vaccine while 79.65% completed the three doses. Majority (94.7%) of the students that did not receive the vaccine cited their busy schedule as the reason for their failure to be vaccinated. Taking every patient as a contagious disease risk (86.5%), washing hands after contact with patients' body fluids (82.1%) and wearing gloves before touching mucous membranes and non-intact skin (74.1%) were the most practiced universal standard precaution items. Conclusion The uptake rate of HBV vaccination and practice of standard precaution among the students are commendable. However, there is need for improvement considering the level of HBV infection in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Olalekan Adeosun
- Dental Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Valim MD, Marziale MHP, Richart-Martínez M, Sanjuan-Quiles Á. Instruments for evaluating compliance with infection control practices and factors that affect it: an integrative review. J Clin Nurs 2013; 23:1502-19. [PMID: 24004371 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To search for instruments to measure compliance with infection control practices and to report on which dimensions and contents the instruments evaluate, their psychometric characteristics, compliance and factors influencing compliance. BACKGROUND Low compliance with infection control practices has been reported among healthcare professionals around the world over the years. Existing data concerning health professionals' compliance with standard precautions are based on measuring instruments. DESIGN Integrative review. METHODS The descriptors were identified and used separately and in combination to search in the following databases: Lilacs, PubMed (MEDLINE), ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and CINAHL. The selected articles complied with inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were analysed, resulting in the identification of 18 instruments. No instrument addressed all compliance topics, and the most commonly addressed topics were the use of personal protective equipment, hand hygiene and safe practices in the handling of cutting material. Most authors explored content validity and some performed reliability analysis by means of Cronbach's alpha and test-retest. Countries in the sample have different human development indices, and countries with medium and low human development indices show less compliance. Some variables were strong predictors of compliance: training, perceptions of safe environment, perception of obstacles to comply with standard precautions and knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Compliance is below the recommended levels. Health professionals seem to be selective in following standard precautions. Significant influences include institutional management and psychosocial variables, which deserve further study. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Health managers and government policies and interventions should pay greater attention to this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Duarte Valim
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between adherence to universal precaution (UP) and avoidance attitudes toward patients living with HIV/AIDS (PLH) among service providers. DATA SOURCES/SETTING A total of 1,760 health service providers were randomly selected from 40 county hospitals in two provinces of China. STUDY DESIGN A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, UP knowledge and training, UP adherence, availability of UP supplies at work, and avoidance attitudes toward PLH in a cross-sectional survey. DATA ANALYSIS A series of regression models were used to examine associations among the UP-related factors and their relationship to avoidance attitudes toward PLH. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS UP training was associated with better knowledge of and adherence to UP and perceived availability of UP supplies in hospitals. UP training, knowledge, and adherence were significantly associated with avoidance attitudes toward PLH in medical practice. Being a nurse was also related to HIV-related avoidance. CONCLUSION UP promotion campaigns, including in-service training and reinforcement of UP adherence, could play an important role in the battle against HIV-related avoidance in medical settings. Intervention programs should focus on not only individual providers' attitudes and behaviors but also on structural support for norms shifts in the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Center for Community Health, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent among patients on hemodialysis (HD). The prevalence of HCV infection in HD patients varies markedly from country to country. Some factors are especially related to these high prevalence rates, such as blood transfusions and length of dialysis time. Nosocomial routes of transmission including the use of contaminated equipment and patient-to-patient exposure is considered more important. Several prophylactic measures have been suggested to avoid infection by HCV in the HD environment.
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